***************************************************************** 06/26/07 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 15.149 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 US: Beyond Nuclear to challenge nuclear with Dr. Caldicott's NPRI 2 UPI: Outside View: What Russia wants from CFE 3 Guardian Unlimited: NATO Chief Urges Calm Talks With Russia NUCLEAR REACTORS 4 The Hindu: 'No too many holes in Indo-US nuke deal' 5 BBC NEWS: US to probe BAE over corruption 6 BBC NEWS: Work to resume on Brazil reactor 7 US: Platts: NRC aims to shorten review time for new plant applicatio 8 Platts: Swiss parliament approves independent nuke regulatory author 9 US: Tri-City Herald: Nuclear plant returns to service after 44-day o 10 US: IS: Proposed Idaho nuclear plant secures $3.5 billion funding co 11 PDM: Czech company: Austrian courts not competent to deal with Temel 12 AFP: Canada's oil sands going nuclear - 13 US: LA Daily News: Nuclear power expansion stalled 14 US: Foreign Policy: Why Nuclear Energy Isn't the Great Green Hope 15 US: JS Online: Nuclear plant up again 16 ITAR-TASS: Belarus can build and safely operate nuclear power plant 17 ITAR-TASS: Armenia interested in building new nuke plant - PM 18 NewsRoom Finland: Finland's Simo shows green light to nuclear power 19 NewsRoom Finland: Finland's Loviisa launches nuclear talks with Fenn 20 US: KnoxNews: Dry summer no picnic for TVA NUCLEAR SECURITY NUCLEAR SAFETY 21 St Petersburg Times: No Place for Nuclear Secrets 22 US: NRC: Regulatory guide on postulated accidents 23 Guardian Unlimited: Lethal legacy of tank-busting uranium dust NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 24 US: Houston Chronicle: No Action on Utah Nuke-Waste Permit 25 US: SanLuisObispo.com: Plans for new nuclear storage facility still 26 Las Vegas SUN: Senate spending panel wants $50 million less for Yucc 27 The Herald: Nuclear waste: no deep shafts in Scotland, says minister 28 ITAR-TASS: Federal official inspects Russia’s largest nuke fuel prod 29 US: Murfreesboro Post: ENDIT vows to stop radioactive dumping 30 icWales: Nuclear waste talks 31 US: University of Leicester: Several tons of uranium and a town call PEACE 32 Guardian Unlimited: Beckett calls for cuts in US and Russian nuclear US DEPT. OF ENERGY 33 Seattle Times: Hanford nuke plant restarts after refueling | 34 UCB: DOE awards LBNL, UC Berkeley and partners $125 million for 35 Yakima Herald Republic: Hanford cleanup embarrassment must be resolv 36 DOE: Energy Department Selects Three Bioenergy Research Centers 37 Santa Fe New Mexican: LANL laptop stolen in Ireland 38 Santa Fe New Mexican: Senate proposal would increase funding for LAN 39 Tri-City Herald: DOE seeks bidders for $6.3 billion contract 40 Tri-City Herald: Cost to clean up transuranic waste could be greater 41 Aiken Today: Group investigating SREL cuts delays meeting 42 Albuquerque Tribune: Senate committee restores lab funding 43 NAS: Project: Development and Implementation of a Cleanup Technology 44 KOB.com: Senate bill protects funding for labs; future uncertain 45 KnoxNews: ORNL, UT get $125M bio-fuels center ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Beyond Nuclear to challenge nuclear with Dr. Caldicott's NPRI Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2007 09:39:15 -0400 NEWS FROM BEYOND NUCLEAR For Immediate Release June 26, 2007 Contact: Linda Gunter, Beyond Nuclear 301.455.5655 Beyond Nuclear and Nuclear Policy Research Institute Combine to Challenge Nuclear Power and Weapons TAKOMA PARK, MD – The incoming board and staff of Beyond Nuclear are extremely pleased to announce that Beyond Nuclear will now pursue its mission under the auspices of the Nuclear Policy Research Institute (NPRI). NPRI was established by Dr. Helen Caldicott, a renowned physician who has devoted the last 35 years to an international campaign to educate the public about the hazards of the nuclear age and the necessary changes in human behavior to stop environmental destruction. NPRI is a tax-exempt and tax-deductible organization. Beyond Nuclear is a new initiative that aims to educate wider audiences about the connection between nuclear power and nuclear weapons and the need to abandon both to safeguard our future. Beyond Nuclear works to promote positive, solutions-focused messages and to provide guides to safer alternatives to these dangerous technologies. Beyond Nuclear was previously undertaken through Nuclear Information and Resource Service. Beyond Nuclear and NPRI share a synergistic vision: to communicate the grave threats to health, environment and safety implicit in the complexities of the nuclear industry. To that end, Beyond Nuclear will focus its work on the public and the media using dynamic campaigns and its cadre of expert spokespeople to create a consistent high-profile presence for these issues. It will also serve as a resource with which to build and expand the movement for a world beyond nuclear. Our staff – Paul Gunter, Kevin Kamps, Cindy Folkers and Linda Gunter – has comprehensive expertise in all aspects of nuclear power. In addition, Beyond Nuclear will partner with national and international specialists who can offer information and insight on nuclear weapons and sustainable energy. These specialists will be listed on our Web site (www.beyondnuclear.org). In announcing the incorporation of Beyond Nuclear into NPRI, Dr. Caldicott said: "I am confident that the distinguished new staff and new board of the Institute will be effective stewards of NPRI. I will continue to be a keen supporter of NPRI for long into the future. Above all, I look forward to the day when we can all celebrate the termination of both the nuclear power and nuclear weapons industries." Dr. Caldicott will not be involved in the daily operation of NPRI although she will remain its founding president. Collectively, the Beyond Nuclear Board and Staff have all been actively involved in the anti-nuclear movement for many decades. The founding Board of Beyond Nuclear at NPRI Robert Backus, Esq: Manchester, NH Kay Drey: St. Louis, MO; anti-nuclear activist Lou Friedman: Canton, CT; international consultant; environment and peace Karl Grossman: Sag Harbor, NY; professor and journalist Judith Johnsrud, Ph.D.: State College, PA; radiation and nuclear power specialist The staff of Beyond Nuclear at NPRI Cindy Folkers; Linda Gunter; Paul Gunter; Kevin Kamps. The Beyond Nuclear Launch Partners Ed Asner (Honorary Chairman), Ed Begley, Christie Brinkley, Helen Caldicott, Susan Clark, David Cortright, James Cromwell and Joan MacIntosh, Julie Enszer, Judi and Lou Friedman, Keith Gunter, Friedrike Merck, John McEnroe, Susan Sarandon, Marilyn and Steven Strong, Jessica Wilbanks, Gretchen Wyler (1932-2007). Beyond Nuclear is in transition and will shortly have new offices. In the meantime, if you wish to reach us please call: 301.455.5655 or email: beyondnuclear@gmail.com. We will forward our permanent contact information shortly. The temporary Beyond Nuclear Web site can be found at www.beyondnuclear.org, soon to be replaced by a comprehensive permanent Web site. Please check back often. ### ***************************************************************** 2 UPI: Outside View: What Russia wants from CFE United Press International - Security & Terrorism - Analysis Published: June 26, 2007 at 6:35 PM By NIKOLAI KHORUNZHY UPI Outside View Commentator MOSCOW, June 26 (UPI) -- An emergency conference of the 30 signatories to the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which met in Vienna on Russia's initiative, ended without adopting a statement because its participants failed to reach a compromise. Russia called for an emergency meeting in Vienna to try and speed up the ratification of the 1999 amended CFE treaty version by the United States and Europe. The original treaty was signed in 1990, a year before the collapse of the Soviet Union and three months ahead of the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact. Since then, all of its former members joined NATO, and so did the former Soviet Baltic republics, which has totally changed the balance of forces. Even an amended CFE treaty will now have to be re-amended after ratification. The West now has three times as much heavy military equipment -- aircraft, tanks and artillery mounts -- as Russia. President Vladimir Putin said in his recent state of the nation address that Russia could declare a moratorium on observing the CFE treaty -- that is, suspend its obligations under the treaty, which is in fact observed by Russia alone. None of the Western countries agrees to ratify the treaty adapted in 1999 unless Russian forces pull out of the former Soviet republics of Georgia and Moldova. Russia retorts that its pullout from Georgia and Transdnestr, a self-proclaimed republic in Moldova, has nothing to do with the CFE treaty, while Moscow's statements at the Istanbul conference were voluntary and non-binding. In any case, Russia will remove all of its military bases from Georgia in 2008, and even NATO members acknowledge progress on the issue. Daniel Fried, the U.S. assistant secretary of state for European and Eurasian affairs who headed the U.S. delegation at the Vienna conference, said that Russia had greatly progressed in fulfilling the so-called Istanbul commitments on Georgia. Still, the Transdnestr situation remains a major stumbling block. The diplomat called for a "creative" solution, obviously referring to Russia's position: Moscow insists its troops are on a lawful peacekeeping mission in Transdnestr. Anatoly Antonov, the head of the Russian delegation, presented Russia's "roadmap plan" to save the CFE treaty in his opening remarks at the Vienna meeting. The first item on the plan called for the Baltic States to join the treaty, followed by a requirement to limit the permitted numbers of weapons and military equipment for NATO in order to square the advantage it received after expanding to Eastern European nations. Russia also proposed to define the term "substantial conventional forces" and to "exercise restraint" in their buildup until they are defined. This means that the United States will have to abandon its plan to deploy 5,000 troops to Romania and Bulgaria. In addition, Moscow insists on putting into effect the CFE treaty adaptation agreement no later than July 1, 2008, and on the development of conditions for admitting new signatories. Russia also demanded that the West lift the so-called flank limitations on Russia's territory. If a solution is not found within one year, Russia may revise the decision on the moratorium. It means that we will neither admit international inspections, nor send our own expert groups; we will stop disclosing information, as we are doing now; and we will no longer be bound by any quantitative limitations, the Russian Foreign Ministry says. Even though criticized by a number of national and foreign media, Moscow did show willingness to find a creative solution to the Transdnestr situation. Mikhail Ulyanov, deputy head of the Russian delegation, said Russia would consider a compromise over Moldova, such as an international peacekeeping force to replace Russian troops in Transdnestr, albeit as a separate issue from the Vienna conference focus. Western delegates to the Vienna conference said the best that could be hoped for was an agreement to continue consultations after these talks end on Friday and reconvene the conference at some time in the future. That Washington, too, made some concessions is certainly encouraging. It agreed to start discussing all of Moscow's security concerns in September, at the level of foreign and defense ministers. Four working groups are to be set up on Russia's initiative: missile defense; the CFE treaty; replacement of nuclear warheads on Trident strategic ballistic missiles; and START-I. Fried spoke about it in early May, just as Democrat Brad Sherman, chair of the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation and Trade, said it was more important for the United States to cooperate with Russia on Iran than to quarrel over missile defense. It looks like the future of the CFE treaty will be decided at the September talks. The fewer participants, the easier it will be to reach agreement. What Moscow wants is to alter the model of interaction outlined in the 1990s, when Western nations cooperated with it in return for its unilateral concessions. Putin's statement on the CFE treaty moratorium should be interpreted in this context. It was not an ultimatum, but an invitation to dialogue. -- (Nikolai Khorunzhy is an independent Russian military expert writing for the RIA Novosti news agency. This article is reprinted by permission of RIA Novosti. The opinions expressed in this article are the author's and do not necessarily represent those of RIA Novosti.) -- (United Press International's "Outside View" commentaries are written by outside contributors who specialize in a variety of important issues. The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of United Press International. In the interests of creating an open forum, original submissions are invited.) © Copyright 2007 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 3 Guardian Unlimited: NATO Chief Urges Calm Talks With Russia From the Associated Press Tuesday June 26, 2007 11:31 PM By MANSUR MIROVALEV Associated Press Writer MOSCOW (AP) - NATO's chief acknowledged on Tuesday that relations with Russia have been strained by disputes over missile defense, arms control and Kosovo, and he appeared to scold the Kremlin for threatening to retarget its nuclear warheads at European cities. Jaap de Hoop Scheffer's comments came after Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov warned NATO earlier in the day against steps that would compromise Russian security and said the two sides faced ``difficult work'' in trying to resolve their differences. President Vladimir Putin made the threat to re-aim Russian missiles at Europe's cities last month in what appeared to be a response to U.S. plans to deploy a missile defense system in eastern Europe. He also threatened to pull out of the 1990 Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty, which governs the deployment of troops in Europe. ``The NATO-Russian relation is one of partnership and discussion, and the targeting of missiles will not fit in that discussion,'' de Hoop Scheffer said. NATO also ``deplores Russia's decision to put the fate of the CFE in danger,'' he said. De Hoop Scheffer said Western and Russian leaders should both tone down their rhetoric, saying Russia and NATO had made good progress in building ``a durable, mutually beneficial partnership.'' ``It is advisable to lower the volume of public comments on both sides,'' he said. ``Given our starting point as Cold War adversaries, the task of building a genuine Russia-NATO partnership has never been an easy one,'' said de Hoop Scheffer, whose visit was timed to the 10th anniversary of the post-Soviet partnership of NATO and Russia and five years since the creation of the NATO-Russia Council. Earlier, at a meeting of the council, Russia's foreign minister pointed to persistent disagreements over arms control and said the alliance should not take any actions that would undermine Russia's security. ``These issues touch on key aspects of European and international security, and aspects of strategic stability,'' Lavrov said. ``Of course, it's necessary to approach them in a way that reflects care for each other's stability and security - not taking any steps aimed at improving someone's security at the expense of the security of others.'' Moscow is upset over U.S. plans to deploy missile defense facilities in the former Soviet bloc states of Poland and the Czech Republic as a defense against rockets fired by such states as Iran. Russia sees the system as a threat to its own missile forces. The Kremlin also is demanding the West sign an updated conventional forces treaty, but the Western allies want Russia to first remove troops and military equipment from the two former Soviet republics of Moldova and Georgia. And Russia, a traditional ally of Serbia, strenuously objects to a United Nations-backed plan to grant the Serbian province of Kosovo internationally supervised independence, suggesting it would use its U.N. Security Council to block that. During his meetings in Moscow, de Hoop Scheffer cited areas of bilateral cooperation, such as anti-terrorism efforts, including patrols in the Mediterranean Sea and joint efforts to fight drug trafficking from Afghanistan. ``NATO cannot do without its important partner Russia, and I think Russia cannot do without NATO,'' he said. Putin also sought to portray the relationship between the alliance and its former opponent positively. ``We have moved from a period of confrontation to cooperation with the organization,'' Putin said. ``Naturally, this is big, multifaceted work, and it cannot happen without problems.'' De Hoop Scheffer's visit precedes Putin's trip to the United States for a meeting with President Bush that appears likely to focus on the proposed missile defense system. The U.S. ambassador to NATO, Victoria Nuland, said Putin's recent offer of joint use of a Russian-rented radar station in Azerbaijan as an alternative to the U.S. plan was ``good news'' because it indicated Moscow shares U.S. concerns about new missile threats. ``After many months of high rhetoric, we now have the Russian president saying, 'We face a common threat ... and we will do better if we cooperate,''' Nuland told The Associated Press. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 4 The Hindu: 'No too many holes in Indo-US nuke deal' Tuesday, June 26, 2007 : 0940 Hrs Washington, June 26 (PTI): Stressing that the Indo-US civil nuclear deal is not an arms control agreement or a trade off for New Delhi's strategic programme, a top Indian negotiator said there are not "too many gaps" in coming to the final understanding and that the two countries are "closing" it. "Basically, I do not think there are many problems in the gaps. The issue is how you take broad political principles and make them into legal language," Indian High Commissioner to Singapore S Jaishankar said at the Carnegie Endowment Conference International Non-proliferation Conference here. "The translation of the March 2006 and the July 2005 understandings into the 123-Agreement, it is really easier said than done because you are working on a legal document with a worst case contingency approach. "You have to find very exacting, very rigorous language to reflect that. And that is where the challenge lies," Jaishankar, a top member of the negotiating team, said. The Indian envoy was participating in a panel discussion on "Forging Non Proliferation Consensus after Indo-US Civil Nuclear Cooperation". The top Indian envoy may be officially participating at the Carnegie Conference but privately he is said to be carrying on the dialogue on the 123-Agreement meeting in the sidelines with senior officials of the Bush administration dealing with the issue. Jaishankar made it clear that New Delhi was looking for a "clean and straightforward" exemption to the NSG guidelines on enrichment and reprocessing. "Our understanding with the US is that we will work with it not to transfer enrichment or reprocessing technologies to states that don't have, the operative part is don't have. We have been reprocessing since 1964 and we have been enriching for at least about ten years," Jaishankar said. So, we will not fall in our eyes into a category of states that these technologies would not be available as per the current international consensus in the making, he added. The Indian diplomat stressed, that everything India was willing to do was to be covered by the July 18 statement. "There is no commitment outside that statement. We frankly don't envisage anything outside that statement," he said. "There is a certain restraint on the part of India -- a minimum deterrent and no first use are the part of that restraint," he said, adding India's commitment to Article six cannot be doubted. One of the reasons we did not sign the NPT was that Article six was not strong enough. We are officially committed to a world free of nuclear weapons, Jaishankar said. "To confuse the strategic restraint as it sort of evolved during the course of the last administration -- is really mixing apples with oranges," he said. "With regards to full scope safeguards,as far as we are concerned we have an understanding with the administration," Jaishankar remarked making the point that Bush administration has indeed consulted the US Congress, its allies and members of the Nuclear Supplies Group. Jaishankar argued that India does not deny that there is a consensus on the issue of non-proliferation. "We are in a position to contribute to that consensus," Jaishankar said going on to make the point that the evolving issues have to be seen in a larger political context. India cannot be expected to be a partner and a target at the same time. India brings value to the consensus at a time when it is under serious test," he said adding it would appear that while there are many elements that constitute a consensus, there are also aspects on which the international community is still significantly divided. The top diplomat argued that the US-India civilian nuclear deal is a significant departure from orthodoxy and is critical to see what was within and without of the agreed framework. "The understanding focuses exclusively on civilian nuclear energy cooperation. On the Indian side, there is no expectation that the agreement would contribute to its weapons programme. We must be equally clear that this is not an arms control agreement," he said. Suggestions have been made that US negotiators could have demanded tougher conditions including a moratorium on fissile material production. In that situation, there would have been no agreement, he addded. Making clear that India's strategic programme was clearly outside the purview of the Indo-US understanding, he said,"Any attempts to intrude into that domain or determine externally what India regards as its national prerogative would obviously undermine the basis of the agreement." Jaishankar asked the gathering to do not let orthodoxy and intellectual rigidity undermine a path breaking initiative of such great potential. "Appreciate the contribution that India can make to the revival of global nuclear industry and create a climate for more confident and predictable nuclear trade with India," the top Indian envoy said. Copyright © 2007, The Hindu. ***************************************************************** 5 BBC NEWS: US to probe BAE over corruption Last Updated: Tuesday, 26 June 2007, 20:11 GMT 21:11 UK Tornado jets are in service with air forces across the globe UK defence firm BAE Systems has said it is the subject of an anti-corruption probe by the US Department of Justice. According to BAE, the probe will look at its compliance with anti-corruption laws including its business "concerning the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia". BAE faces allegations that it ran a fund to help it win plane and military equipment orders from Saudi Arabia. BAE's shares initially dropped 11% but recovered some of those losses in day trading to close 34.5p lower at 407.75p, knocking about Ł1bn off its market value. Wide jurisdiction The allegations of illegal payments by BAE date back to the 1980s and the Ł43bn ($85bn) al-Yamamah deal that supplied Saudi Arabia with Tornado jets and other military equipment. Earlier this month, the BBC and the Guardian newspaper reported that BAE had made payments worth hundreds of millions of pounds over a number of years to Prince Bandar, a leading member of the Saudi royal family. This will be Gordon Brown's first big diplomatic dilemma as PM Robert Peston, BBC business editor Read Robert's thoughts in full According to the Guardian, the Department of Justice became interested because BAE used the US banking system to transfer regular payments to accounts controlled by Prince Bandar at Riggs Bank in Washington. As a result, prosecutors decided that BAE could be investigated under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). The report by the BBC and Guardian said the payments were discovered during a Serious Fraud Office (SFO) investigation, though that probe was halted in December 2006 on grounds of national security. Prince Bandar, who is the son of the Saudi defence minister, served for 20 years as US ambassador and is now head of the country's national security council, has "categorically" denied receiving any improper payments. The SFO is still investigating BAE contracts in Africa, Eastern Europe and South America. Bigger headache BBC business editor Robert Peston said that: "The Saudis will not be overjoyed that the Department of Justice is apparently taking up where the serious fraud office left off." The company is committed to meeting the highest ethical standards BAE Check BAE's share price He added that the US probe is "a much bigger headache" for the UK government than for BAE, and it will be Gordon Brown's first big diplomatic dilemma as prime minister. The BBC's business editor explained that the al-Yamamah contract was between the British and Saudi governments, not between BAE and Saudi Arabia, and that BAE was only the contractor. "So it will be a decision for the Ministry of Defence, not BAE, whether to disclose the details of the deal," he said. Analysts said that the probe could lead to delays in BAE signing a new deal, called al-Salam, which would see Saudi Arabia buy 72 Eurofighter jets. "This is bad for sentiment and could delay the signing of the Salam deal," said Nick Cunningham, an analyst at Panmure Gordon. Mr Cunningham added that BAE executives could be prosecuted should they have been found to have behaved improperly. Coming together Analysts said that the probe in the US could also damage BAE's business in North America. BAE has been looking to expand its US business and is in the process of buying Armor Holdings, a maker of armoured vehicles, for $4.1bn (Ł2.1bn). Last week, the US Treasury found that the takeover did not pose any security threat, and BAE hopes to conclude the deal later this year. In an effort to reassure policymakers that the company has not indulged in corrupt practices, BAE asked Lord Woolf, the former Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, to head an independent review of its business practices. BAE's chairman Dick Olver and the firm's non-executive directors are said to want independent confirmation that BAE behave properly when winning contracts. * BBC Copyright Notice ***************************************************************** 6 BBC NEWS: Work to resume on Brazil reactor Last Updated: Tuesday, 26 June 2007, 09:46 GMT 10:46 UK Brazil currently gets about 4% of its electricity from nuclear Brazil's national energy council has recommended restarting a long-stalled and controversial project to build the country's third nuclear reactor. Brazil currently has two nuclear energy plants, located at Angra dos Reis some 150km (100 miles) from Rio de Janeiro. Work on the third stopped in the 1980s over security fears and lack of funds. Brazil's two nuclear plants, Angra 1 and Angra 2, which have an installed capacity of about 2,000 megawatts, are situated near the coastal resort area of Angra dos Reis between Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. Angra 3, located in the same region, would increase capacity to 3,000 megawatts. Officials said approval of the third plant could herald the start of a wider nuclear project to build up to eight reactors by 2030. "The country will be one of the few in the world that has (uranium) reserves, production capacity and knowledge of the whole enrichment cycle," Energy and Mines Minister Nelson Hubner said, adding that Brazil had enough uranium reserves for 500 years. Drought A small group of Greenpeace and other environmental protesters gathered outside the energy ministry in Brasilia. "Nuclear power is too expensive, dangerous, generates few jobs and is not the path Brazil should take to meet the challenges of global warming," Greenpeace said in a statement. Brazil, which is heavily dependent on hydro-electricity, could face energy shortages in a couple of years if generating capacity is not increased, analysts say. A severe drought in 2001 led the authorities to introduce energy rationing. Angra 3 would require an investment of about $3.7bn (Ł1.85bn) with construction due to be completed by 2013, Mr Hubner said. * BBC Copyright Notice ***************************************************************** 7 Platts: NRC aims to shorten review time for new plant applications 2007-06-25 Washington (Platts)--25Jun2007 NRC says it may be able to cut six to 15 months from the estimated 42-month review of an application for a combined construction permit-operating. Several measures just adopted by the NRC commissioners are aimed at accelerating the review of new plant license applications, which has been expected to take 30 months for the technical and environmental portions and an additional 12 months for completing a hearing. These measures include having the commissioners preside over hearings where there are no contested issues, allowing the use of environmental impact statements completed by other government agencies, and seeking legislative authority from Congress to eliminate the statutory requirement for an uncontested hearing. The commissioners also agreed to double the time from 30 to 60 days for conducting an "acceptance review," which is the staff's determination that the application is complete enough to begin the technical review. That measure is expected to ultimately reduce the review schedule by two for months for several reasons, including because it would cut down on NRC staff requests for additional information. The recommendations adopted by the commissioners were compiled by a nine-member NRC task force led by Commissioner Jeffrey Merrifield. Copyright © 2007 - Platts, All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 8 Platts: Swiss parliament approves independent nuke regulatory authority 2007-06-26 London (Platts)--26Jun2007 Switzerland's parliament approved creation of an independent nuclear regulatory authority. On June 22, both chambers approved the draft law separating the Federal Nuclear Safety Authority, or HSK, from the Federal Energy Office. Only two votes were cast against the measure, with three abstentions. HSK will become partly independent in 2008 and fully independent in 2009, in keeping with a requirement under the new nuclear energy act. The agency's name will eventually be changed to Eidgenoessisches Nuklear-Sicherheitsinspektorat, or Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate. HSK director Ulrich Schmocker said June 25 that the technical duties of the agency will not change, nor will its size. A board with five to seven members, appointed by the Federal Executive Council from outside the nuclear industry, will assist in preparations for the conversion. Schmocker expressed satisfaction at the prospect of formal, institutional and financial independence. The legislative work toward HSK's independence started in 2003. The agency was created under its present designation under the energy office in 1982. For more news, request a free trial to Platts Nucleonics Week at http://www.platts.com/Request%20More%20Information/index.xml?story or subscribe now at http://www.platts.com/infostore/product_info.php?cPath=22_41&products_id=67 Copyright © 2007 - Platts, All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 9 Tri-City Herald: Nuclear plant returns to service after 44-day outage Published Tuesday, June 26th, 2007 By the Herald staff The commercial nuclear power plant north of Richland has awakened from its refueling outage and was producing power at 60 capacity at 9 a.m. today. The 1,157-megawatt Columbia Generating Station is expected to return to full power later today. The outage, which occurs every other year, was scheduled for 38 days but lasted 44. "We came close to out 38-day target, but ultimately safety and quality of work are higher priorities than the schedule," Energy Northwest outage Manager Ron Hogue stated in a press release. "Our real goal was to complete the work as quickly as possible without sacrificing safety and quality of work. We achieved that goal." For more, read Wednesday's Herald. © 2007 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press & Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** 10 IS: Proposed Idaho nuclear plant secures $3.5 billion funding commitment | Ken Dey - Idaho Statesman Edition Date: 06/26/07 The company that wants to build a nuclear power plant near Bruneau said today that it has lined up the $3.5 billion in funding it needs for the project. Alternate Energy Holdings said it has received a letter of intent from Fairport, N.Y.-based Cobblestone Financial Group to fund the project. Cobblestone is representing numerous investors in the project and additional funding sources. A letter of intent means the funding will be provided in stages as the company meets different milestones. The first phase of the project will be the application to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for a combined operating and construction license. Company officials say the licensing process is estimated to cost $100 million and should begin this fall. The 1,600 megawatt plant would be built on private land near C.J. Strike reservoir. The plant would also include an ethanol plant. IdahoStatesman.com ***************************************************************** 11 PDM: Czech company: Austrian courts not competent to deal with Temelin - Prague Daily Monitor By Prague Daily Monitor/CTK / Published 26 June 2007 Prague/Vienna/Linz, June 25 (CTK) - Austrian courts are not competent to judge a facility operating in another country, Marek Svitak, spokesman for the nuclear power plant in Temelin, south Bohemia, told CTK today. He was reacting to a statement by Rudi Anschober, Upper Austrian environment councillor, who said today that Upper Austria continues to take legal steps aimed to file a lawsuit against the CEZ power company. CEZ is to be charged with a failure to fulfil safety regulations in Temelin. Anschober said the court proceedings might start in autumn. "More than twenty safety missions have studied Temelin's safety, and all of them concluded that Temelin is a safe power plant," Svitak said. A recent legal report compiled by Austrian experts confirmed that an international lawsuit against the Czech Republic is all but impossible. The federal land Upper Austria has lodged a legal complaint against CEZ in which it comprehensively enumerates "substantial" security defects of the plant and points to an "immediate danger" it poses for Upper Austrians, Anschober said. Anschober admitted that CEZ argues that the plant meets various foreign standards, such as U.S. and Russian ones. However, if the land court in Linz that was to deal with the lawsuit agreed with the application of German standards, the lawsuit could have a chance to succeed, he added. The Czech Republic says it has fulfilled all tasks agreed on in the Austrian town of Melk. Austrian activists, on the other hand, claim Temelin, situated some 60 km away from Austria, is not safe and that the Czechs breach agreements on the plant the two countries have reached. This story is from the Czech News Agency (CTK). The Prague Daily Monitor and Monitor CE are not responsible for its content. Copyright 2007 by the Czech News Agency (CTK). All rights reserved. Copying, dissemination or other publication of this article or parts thereof without the prior written consent of CTK is expressly forbidden. copyright 2007 monitor ce media services s.r.o. | all rights reserved ***************************************************************** 12 AFP: Canada's oil sands going nuclear - by Guillaume Lavallee Tue Jun 26, 3:34 AM ET FORT MCMURRAY, Canada (AFP) - Petroleum companies are eyeing nuclear power to feed burgeoning oil production in Canada's oil patch, pitting ecologists against ecologists unable to agree on its climate change impact. Squeezing one barrel of oil from the Athabasca, Peace River and Cold Lake Oil Sands in western Canada requires twice as much energy as pumping it from a conventional well, according to the industry, or three times as much energy, say environmentalists. While crude is pumped from the ground, oil sands must be mined and bitumen separated from the sand and water, then upgraded and refined. At an estimated 173 billion barrels, Canada's oil sands rank second behind Saudi Arabia in petroleum reserves. However, due to high extraction costs, the deposits were long neglected, except by local companies. Since 2000, skyrocketing crude prices and improved extraction technology have persuaded several foreign companies to invest billions of dollars in projects, relying on copious amounts of natural gas to power the machinery. Officials say oil sands production is expected to triple to 3.0 million barrels per day over the next decade. But with wide fluctuations in natural gas prices and pressure from the government and environmentalists to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, some petroleum companies are contemplating switching to cleaner and stable nuclear energy to fuel the oil sands boom. "We're looking to cut our power needs and eventually turn to another source, and nuclear energy is a possible alternative," said Michael Borrell, president of Total Canada, a subsidiary of French oil firm Total SA. Some ecologists acknowledge nuclear power is without emissions versus burning fossil fuels. But others see inherent "risks" in sparking up nuclear reactors, raise security issues, and lament disposing of radioactive waste. In September 2005, Total rebuffed the atomic option following its purchase of Canadian oil company Deer Creek, but its tone has since softened. Pierre Alvarez, president of the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers commented that nuclear energy is certainly among the "bouquet" of options for oil sands companies. Possible alternatives in Alberta are coal plants, thermal energy, or connecting the province to rich natural gas reserves in the far north through a proposed 16-billion-dollar pipeline. Of note, neighboring Saskatchewan province is one of the top producers of uranium in the world. In December, Natural Resources Minister Gary Lunn shocked observers by saying: "I think nuclear can play a very significant role in the oil sands. I'm very, very keen. ... It's not a question of if, it's a question of when in my mind." "It's absolutely emission free. It's CO2 free," he said. "On this specific file, I've had discussions this week." Since then, Atomic Energy of Canada and French nuclear giant Areva have multiplied their lobbying of oil sands companies and local energy officials. "We've had interest from investors who would like more information about the possibility of using nuclear energy in Alberta for extraction and refining of oil, Armand Laferrere, president of Areva Canada, told AFP. "The most likely scenario is that several oil companies each needing a few hundred megawatts join together (tapping into one nuclear plant)," he said. However, regulatory approvals, environmental studies and construction of a reactor would take almost a decade. Copyright © 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 13 LA Daily News: Nuclear power expansion stalled BY STEVE LAWRENCE, Associated Press Article Last Updated: 06/25/2007 09:05:44 PM PDT SACRAMENTO - The failure of the federal government to open a storage site for radioactive waste means any chance to expand nuclear power in California is more than a decade away, according to a draft report prepared for the state Energy Commission. The report by MRW & Associates, an Oakland-based consulting firm that specializes in power market issues, said the U.S. Department of Energy was supposed to open the Yucca Mountain storage facility in Nevada by 1998. "However, nearly 10 years after the deadline, a repository at Yucca Mountain is still more than a decade away from being opened, and the opening date continues to slip," the report states. The Department of Energy said last year the storage site could be opened as early as March 2017 but that a more realistic date was September 2020, according to the MRW report. Earlier this year, the department pushed those predictions back another year. A California law passed in 1976 prohibits construction of nuclear plants until the Energy Commission concludes that the federal government has found a proven way to store or reprocess spent nuclear plant fuel. The MRW report comes as the commission opened two days of hearings Monday on the status of nuclear power. Information from the hearings will be used to prepare a report to the governor and Legislature on how to address the state's energy needs. The state currently has two operating nuclear plants, San Onofre and Diablo Canyon. California utilities also own 27 percent of the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station in Arizona. Nuclear plants supplied nearly 13 percent of the state's electricity last year, and supporters tout expansion of nuclear power as a way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat global warming. But a long-term method to deal with the waste from nuclear plants remains elusive. California has more than 2,400 tons of radioactive waste stored at active and decommissioned nuclear plants, and the spent fuel continues to accumulate, said Robert Weisenmiller, executive vice president of MRW. Eric Knox, an official with the Department of Energy's Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, said he remains optimistic that Yucca Mountain will be opened despite the delays. Copyright © 2007 Los Angeles Newspaper Group ***************************************************************** 14 Foreign Policy: Why Nuclear Energy Isn't the Great Green Hope By Charles Ferguson, Sharon Squassoni Posted June 2007 As the planet warms, leaders from Washington to Beijing are pushing nuclear power as a clean alternative to coal. But this new strategy for fighting climate change has a fatal flaw: It can’t possibly work. JOE KLAMAR/AFP/Getty Images Flowering power: Nuclear energy may be poised for a modest comeback, but it won't save the planet. When U.S. President George W. Bush speaks of using technology to fix climate problems, he often focuses on nuclear energy. Last month he said that if we’re “truly interested in cleaning up the environment, or interested in renewable sources of energy, the best way to do so is through safe nuclear power.” While Bush is talking up nuclear energy, China and India are racing ahead to build dozens of new plants. Even many environmentalists, concerned about emissions from coal-fired power plants, have begun holding their noses and are coming out in reluctant support of a technology they once reviled. But their original instincts were right: Nuclear energy is not the silver-bullet solution to save us or the environment. Today, nuclear energy produces 16 percent of the world’s electricity, compared with coal, which produces 39 percent and hydropower, which produces 19 percent. In the United States, the good news is that the nuclear industry has maintained its 20 percent share of the electricity market by increasing the power rating of many of its 104 nuclear power reactors while decreasing the time required for shutdown for refueling and maintenance. But during the past 30 years, reactor construction stagnated in the United States because of large uncertainties in capital costs as well as red tape and legal challenges in obtaining a license to operate a reactor. Although legislative changes in 1992 and more recently in 2005 have tried to streamline the licensing process and create incentives to entice investors, the industry has not had an order for a new nuclear power plant since 1978, and that order was subsequently canceled. The last completed U.S. reactor was Watts Bar 1, which was ordered in 1970 and began operations in 1996. Although many U.S. reactors have received operating-license renewals for an additional 20 years of life, by 2030 the reactor fleet will be in serious disrepair if no further reactors are built. The United States hopes to build upward of 30 reactors in the next couple of decades. However, because the incentives in the 2005 legislation are limited, only a handful of new reactors will probably be built, but not many more than that. China and India produce an even more modest share of their electricity from nuclear energy, only about 2 and 3 percent, respectively. Though they can realistically aim to boost this share up to 4 to 5 percent by 2030, both countries will continue to rely primarily on fossil fuels for electricity generation. The truth is, it’s doubtful that nuclear energy, which produces its own unpleasant waste, can really be a major solution to climate change—or even the coming energy crunch, for that matter. Because worldwide electricity demand is predicted to grow by 85 percent by 2030, nuclear power would have to almost double its capacity just to maintain its current share of the energy mix. Even the most optimistic projections of nuclear power expansion do not foresee a much larger share for nuclear energy globally. Nor will nuclear energy be a quick fix. If, as the scientists tell us, the deadline for turning around the level of greenhouse gases is truly a decade from now, then a nuclear renaissance will take too long to have a significant effect. Typically, U.S. nuclear plants have required around 10 to 12 years from start to finish. The industry predicts that future plants can be built in as little as four years, but the proof is in the actual construction. Assuming the best estimates, a quick ramp-up of nuclear capacity will run into industrial bottlenecks; only a few companies in the world can now make reactor-quality steel, concrete, and other vital components. A rush to build could also create shortages in the skilled workers and qualified engineers needed to run plants safely. Not to mention that building nuclear plants at the rapid pace required would likely drive up capital costs, which are already higher than other electricity options, even given significant government subsidies. There’s a better solution: energy efficiency. From an ideological standpoint, Bush seems convinced that increasing efficiency and reducing consumption are incompatible with economic growth. Yet, there is ample evidence that power generation in some countries—notably China and India, which most observers believe will account for huge increases in greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades—is woefully inefficient now. According to Harold Feiveson, a senior research policy scientist at Princeton University, China’s coal plants have an average efficiency of 23 percent. Improving the efficiency of China’s coal plants could go a long way toward ameliorating environmental damage; Feiveson estimates that bringing China’s coal plants up to 42 percent efficiency by 2030 could prevent the same amount of greenhouse gas emissions as about 200 to 250 large nuclear reactors. Indian coal plants are slightly more efficient, but could similarly benefit from improvements. Investments in more efficient power plants can pay off in growing the economy and shrinking the rate of greenhouse gas emissions. China and India, two major countries currently exempt from mandatory greenhouse gas reductions, could benefit from Western assistance in improving the efficiencies of their coal plants. These plants will provide a majority of China and India’s electrical generation in the coming decades despite the ambitious plans for a nuclear expansion. Much more cooperative work is urgently needed between the developed and the developing worlds to ensure that humanity has a better than “substantial” chance to counter climate change. Charles D. Ferguson is a fellow for science and technology at the Council on Foreign Relations and is the author of the Council Special Report “Nuclear Energy: Balancing Benefits and Risks.” Sharon Squassoni is a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. fpletters@CarnegieEndowment.org. 1779 Massachusetts Avenue, NW | Washington, DC 20036 | Phone: 202-939-2230 | Fax: 202-483-4430 ***************************************************************** 15 JS Online: Nuclear plant up again Point Beach inspection started after shutdown By THOMAS CONTENT tcontent@journalsentinel.com Posted: June 25, 2007 The Point Beach nuclear plant has returned to service, but federal nuclear safety inspectors remained at the reactor Monday trying to assess what caused a key water pump to overheat. The overheated pump led to a shutdown that lasted for more than a week at the Unit 1 reactor. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission last week launched a special inspection at the reactor to assess what happened and the plant's response to the condition. The pump temperature was unusually high when it was tested earlier this month and again several days later, according to the commission. Spokesman Sara Cassidy said the plant returned to service Saturday and was generating electricity at full power Sunday morning. Repairs to the plant included modifying and replacing parts on a pump bearing, and the plant is operating without any high-temperature readings in the pump, she said. Of concern for inspectors, the commission said, was that initially plant personnel didn't recognize the elevated temperature as a potential problem. As a result, "no immediate action was taken to address the irregular temperature indications," the agency says in a statement. Two days later, on June 11, plant engineers reviewed the initial test, conducted another test and then declared the backup cooling water system inoperable. The system, an auxiliary feed-water pump, is used to cool the reactor during routine shutdowns and in certain accident conditions. Before shutting down the plant June 15, Nuclear Management made attempts to fix the problem. But commission rules required the plant to shut down if the problem goes uncorrected for at least three days. "They tried to fix it. They tried to find a way to address it," said Viktoria Mitlyng, a spokeswoman for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. "But they couldn't, so they had to shut the plant down." It's unclear how long the special inspection will last, Mitlyng said. The agency will issue a report summarizing its findings within 45 days after the inspection ends. The plant was shut down this month for a valve that malfunctioned on the non-radioactive side of the plant, Cassidy said. The other reactor at Point Beach, Unit 2, has been operating at full power since November. The two reactors generate 1,036 megawatts of electricity, or enough to supply 518,000 homes. Hudson-based Nuclear Management runs Point Beach for plant owner We Energies of Milwaukee. We Energies has agreed to sell the plant to FPL Energy Inc. of Juno Beach, Fla., in a $1 billion deal announced late last year. If the sale is endorsed by Wisconsin regulators, the sale to FPL could be completed by the end of August. Kewaunee plant problem Separately, Dominion Resources Inc. said the Kewaunee nuclear reactor, about 5 miles north of Point Beach, has been operating at 45% of its maximum output since Friday, because of equipment maintenance. The unit was listed at 45% of capacity in a report Monday from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Mark Kanz, a spokesman for Richmond, Virginia-based Dominion, declined to elaborate on the maintenance being conducted or say when the reactor might return to full power, Bloomberg News reported. The reactor has a capacity of about 568 megawatts, or enough to supply 284,000 homes, according to state estimates. From the June 26, 2007 editions of the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Have an opinion on this story? Write a letter to the editor or start an online forum. Journal Sentinel Inc. is a subsidiary of Journal Communications. ***************************************************************** 16 ITAR-TASS: Belarus can build and safely operate nuclear power plant 26.06.2007, 19.20 MINSK, June 26 (Itar-Tass) -- Belarus has conditions for the construction and safe operation of a nuclear power plant, Andrei Malyshev, the deputy head of the Federal Atomic Energy Agency (Rosatom), said in Minsk on Tuesday. He participates in the 9th meeting of the CIS member states commission for peaceful uses of nuclear energy. He said Belarus has good cites for the construction of a nuclear power plant, water sources for cooling and a favourable geological structure. There are also certified researchers and technologists in the republic who, with adequate training, could tackle problems of the construction and operation of a nuclear power plant. The country has production facilities to be used in the construction of such a plant. “The existence of research and design organizations and production facilities shows that there are suitable conditions for the construction of a nuclear power plant and its safe operation,” Malyshev said. “We will be very glad to give assistance to the fraternal republic in the construction of a nuclear power plant,” he said. However, the question of Russia’s specific contribution, technologically and financially, will become clear when there is the official decision of the Belarussian side on the plant’s construction and the terms on which it will be built, he said. © ITAR-TASS. All rights reserved. You undertake not to copy, store ***************************************************************** 17 ITAR-TASS: Armenia interested in building new nuke plant - PM 26.06.2007, 17.50 YEREVAN, June 26 (Itar-Tass) - The Armenian government is interested in building a new nuclear power plant, Armenian Prime Minister Serzh Sarkisian told a parliamentary meeting on Tuesday. The issue is “still in an embryonic state, as financial sources as well as technologies for the project’s implementation are still unknown,” he said. Armenia’s nuclear power plant was launched in 1979 and shut down in 1989 after the devastating earthquake. In 1996 its second power-generating unit resumed operation after Russian specialists helped to reactivate it. The nuclear power plant accounts for 40 percent of Armenia’s total power generation. The European Union insists that the nuclear power plant located 40 kilometres off Yerevan should be closed. Under the European Neighbourhood Policy Armenia obliged to shut down the plant in the shortest possible timeframe. The Armenian authorities say the plant will be closed, if alternative energy sources are found. On May 30, Armenian President Robert Kocharian said the government will discuss the issue within upcoming two months. He believes that the plant’s construction is expedient from the point of energy security and of economy. “Russian specialists are ready to take part in the construction of a second nuclear power plant in Armenia, if Armenia comes up with such a proposal,” Russian federal atomic energy agency chief Sergei Kiriyenko said during his visit to Yerevan on April 23. © ITAR-TASS. All rights reserved. You undertake not to copy, store ***************************************************************** 18 NewsRoom Finland: Finland's Simo shows green light to nuclear power station 26.6.2007 at 10:50 Councillors in the Finnish municipality of Simo decided in a meeting late on Monday to authorise the municipal government to survey, together with Fennovoima, a site for a possible new nuclear power station. One councillor out of 20 opposed nuclear power. Fennovoima is a consortium led by German utility E.ON and Finnish steelmaker Outokumpu aiming at building a nuclear power station in Finland. The council also granted a 10,000-euro extraordinary appropriation for the potential survey work. Fennovoima is expected to announce in July which six to eight municipalities it will look into as a site for the station. Simo is located in the southwest corner of Finnish Lapland. Finland´s existing four nuclear power stations and the fifth that is under construction are located in southern Finland. © Copyright STT 2007 © 1995 – 2005, Virtual Finland Produced by: Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland Department for Communication and Culture/Unit for Promotion and Publications ***************************************************************** 19 NewsRoom Finland: Finland's Loviisa launches nuclear talks with Fennovoima 26.6.2007 at 10:52 The municipal government of Loviisa decided Monday it would launch talks with Fennovoima over the possible construction of another nuclear power station in the southern Finnish municipality. "The municipal government, having discussed the matter, appointed a group that will hold talks with Fennovoima over the prerequisites of the project and the possible site of the power station," Anu Kalliosaari, the city clerk, told the Finnish News Agency (STT). The decision was nearly unanimous, with Ismo Kokko (cons) counselling against the talks and saying that there was no suitable land in Loviisa. In May, Loviisa councillors turned down the municipal government's proposal to sell land for the construction of a nuclear power station to German utility E.ON. Fennovoima is a consortium comprising E.ON, Finnish steelmaker Outokumpu, Swedish miner and smelter Boliden and two Finnish regional utilities. Fennovoima aims to have the power station up and running in 2016-8. © Copyright STT 2007 © 1995 – 2005, Virtual Finland Produced by: Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland Department for Communication and Culture/Unit for Promotion and Publications ***************************************************************** 20 KnoxNews: Dry summer no picnic for TVA Drought hurting water quality, recreation, _power generation By ANDREW EDER, edera@knews.com June 26, 2007 The driest year on record in the Tennessee Valley is threatening water quality, cutting into TVA's hydroelectric power generation, and hampering recreation on the Tennessee River's tributaries. TVA manages the Tennessee River system for a variety of sometimes competing purposes: reducing damages from floods, maintaining a navigable channel for shipping, producing power, providing recreation opportunities, and maintaining water quality and supply for communities and industries that rely on water from the system. The complex task is made more challenging by a drought that has kept TVA's tributary reservoirs in the eastern part of the valley well below their normal summer levels. David Bowling, manager of TVA's river forecast center, said the tributary reservoirs are an average of 10 feet below normal for this time of year, and barring rain, they're likely to go lower as TVA releases water needed to meet flow requirements downstream. That means boaters on TVA lakes like Douglas and Cherokee have to battle sandbars, underwater tree stumps and other obstacles revealed by the low water. "A lot of folks are having trouble getting boats in and out," Bowling said. The lack of rain also means that since January, TVA has lost out on nearly half of the power generation it expected from its 29 hydroelectric dams and pumped- storage facility, which typically provide nearly 10 percent of TVA's power. Bowling said TVA has drawn the minimum water possible from the tributary lakes since February in order to fill them for summer recreation. That has meant less water running through TVA's power-producing dams. Since the fiscal year began in October, TVA has lost out on an estimated $200 million worth of hydropower, its cheapest source, further pinching an agency already looking for $420 million in savings in the next three years. TVA spokesman Gil Francis said the drought would not impact this year's electric rates, although the federal utility has a mechanism known as a fuel cost adjustment that allows it to pass on increased fuel and purchased power costs to customers on a quarterly basis. On April 1, TVA pushed its rates up by 0.84 cents per kilowatt-hour. The drought presents challenges for maintaining water quality in the Tennessee River system. The combination of high temperatures and low water flows deplete the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, which sustains aquatic life. TVA's coal and nuclear plants, along with other industrial facilities positioned on the river, take in river water for cooling purposes and discharge it at a higher temperature. The drought has the potential to cause river temperatures to rise to unacceptable levels. TVA says it coordinates on a weekly basis with the federal and state agencies that monitor water quality. Saya Qualls, chief engineer for the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation's water pollution control division, said TVA has discharge permits for its facilities that establish a "critical low flow" level. "When the flows get below that, we may see water quality that actually falls below our criteria," Qualls said, adding that such an occurrence would not be considered a violation because it's caused by natural conditions. In a worst-case scenario, TVA could have to shut down or reduce production at one or more of its coal or nuclear plants, a contingency for which TVA officials said they plan. TVA's Bowling said the drought has had few significant impacts on Tennessee River navigation and that the agency is managing lake levels to ensure that municipalities and industries have access to the water they need. But that may be cold comfort in a year when the eastern half of the Tennessee Valley has had 13.8 inches of rain, compared to normal levels of 25.6 inches. "The forecast is for continued dry (weather), so it's not going to get any better," said TVA's Francis. Business writer Andrew Eder may be reached at 865-342-6318. Copyright 2007, Knoxville News Sentinel Co. ***************************************************************** 21 St Petersburg Times: No Place for Nuclear Secrets Opinion / Comment Friday, June 22, 2007. Issue 3683. Page 8. By Cristina Chuen A brouhaha began brewing in the Arctic a couple of weeks ago, as the Norwegian public was buffeted with news of a new scientific study pointing to nuclear dangers at an old Russian naval base located on the Kola Peninsula, about 50 kilometers from the Norwegian border. Some Russian officials responded by labeling the study a "provocation." In fact, the risk of a nuclear accident at the Andreyeva Bay base is very small but not nonexistent. Assurances by State Duma Deputy Valentin Luntsevich that control systems "provide a 99.9 percent guarantee that no explosion can take place" are cold comfort when the 0.1 percent remainder represents the chance of a grave nuclear incident. The real issue is not simply whether Russia's nuclear legacy is still dangerous. It is whether Russia will finally share all of the information necessary to make wise decisions on handling the problem. Promises Norwegian Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg received during a four-day visit to Russia at the beginning of June that the removal of spent nuclear fuel from Andreyeva Bay would begin in 2010 leave open the question of whether the information needed to repackage the fuel safely is available. A further question is what will happen to the nuclear fuel after it is moved. The Soviet Union built 250 nuclear-powered submarines and 14 other nuclear-powered vessels; more than 200 of these vessels have already been taken out of active service. Russia also inherited huge quantities of radioactive wastes and nuclear fuel. There are over 1 million metric tons of radioactive equipment containing over 80 million Curies in total radioactivity in Northwest Russia alone (the Chernobyl accident, by comparison, reportedly released some 50 million Curies of radioactive substances). Much of this material is at Andreyeva Bay, where nuclear fuel from about 100 submarine reactors has been stored for decades. Given its proximity to the Norwegian border, it is no wonder that for more than a decade Oslo has been trying to get information about Andreyeva, improve site security and safety, and stop the continuous release of radiation into the environment. Although a lot of work has been done and there are more data on Andreyeva available than for any other nuclear site in Russia, foreign experts assisting at the site still do not have enough information to be sure that projects are being undertaken in the safest possible way and risks minimized to the maximum possible extent. Someone looking for success stories might point to a $800,000 Norwegian project from 1999 to 2000 to divert a brook so that it no longer flowed under a leaking spent nuclear fuel storage site, carrying radioactive materials toward the sea. But there are no hard data to be sure that the project actually succeeded in preventing contamination from entering the local fjord. Even the detailed map of the area that the Murmansk governor personally gave Stoltenberg during this month's visit - a map of radiation levels that Norway paid for some years ago but that was never transferred to Oslo-leaves many questions unanswered. The Andreyeva cleanup is now a major focus of the group of eight global partnership against the spread of weapons and materials of mass destruction, and as such is receiving a great deal of attention and money. In addition Norway, Britain, Italy, Sweden and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development have been cooperating with Russia to secure the site, improve nuclear safety and repair infrastructure so that they can tackle the immense task of removing the nuclear fuel and radioactive wastes - a job likely to take until 2023. There are about 21,000 nuclear fuel assemblies in Andreyeva that were stored in unsafe conditions, including some out in the open air, for decades. According to the new study by leading Russian nuclear institutes published in Atomic Energy, recent examinations of the nuclear fuel storage tanks at Andreyeva indicate that they have been contaminated by salt water, accelerating corrosion of the fuel assemblies inside and increasing risks of a criticality incident - an uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction. Russia's foreign partners have long been concerned about this danger and have carried out criticality studies in cooperation with Russia to try to minimize this risk. The recent Atomic Energy article, though, appears to be based on additional data to which Russia's partners have not had access. Asking for this information is not a "provocation," but the result of genuine concern. The consequences of a criticality incident - venting radiation into both the surrounding territory and the Barents Sea - would have to be dealt with for decades to come. Any measures that could further minimize this risk should be taken. Russia's commitment to remove the fuel is welcome, but the process should not be rushed. The highest risks will come when the fuel is moved. Furthermore, careful consideration must be given to what to do with the fuel after it leaves Andreyeva: The reprocessing facility at Mayak is not yet ready to handle the fuel. If Mayak is ordered to accept the nuclear assemblies before a program is in place to put them in safe storage, the fuel is likely to sit in a storage pond there, endangering the already badly damaged local environment. Moscow needs to make a decision on the long-term disposition of this fuel, and share that decision with its partners so that they can help ensure that removing it from Andreyeva is helping to solve - and not just hide - the problem. As President Vladimir Putin, who is often blamed for resurrecting old Soviet traditions of secrecy, himself said a few years ago, it is important to "ensure national security interests and maintain the necessary secrecy regime, [but] excessive bureaucratization [and] spy mania" only hinder this work. Thankfully, Moscow recently decided to give its Norwegian counterparts the map of radioactivity at Andreyeva. To further enhance cooperation, and make it possible to honor Moscow's commitment to begin safely removing nuclear fuel from the site by 2010, the Russian authorities need to engage in a full-scope study of the fuel, including methods for its safe transport and storage post-Andreyeva. It is in the interest of everyone in the Arctic region that the Soviet nuclear legacy be eliminated in the safest possible manner, without triggering either political or nuclear incidents. Cristina Chuen is a senior research associate at the Monterey Institute Center for Nonproliferation Studies in California. © Copyright 2006. The Moscow Times. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 22 NRC: Regulatory guide on postulated accidents FR Doc E7-12346 [Federal Register: June 26, 2007 (Volume 72, Number 122)] [Notices] [Page 35079-35080] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr26jn07-68] NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Final Regulatory Guide: Issuance, Availability AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Final Regulatory Guide: Issuance, Availability. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: William D. Reckley, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, Telephone (301) 415- 8668 or via e-mail to wdr@nrc.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Introduction The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is issuing a new guide in the agency's Regulatory Guide series. This series has been developed to describe and make available to the public such information as (1) methods that are acceptable to the NRC staff for implementing specific parts of the NRC's regulations, (2) techniques that the staff uses in evaluating specific problems or postulated accidents, and (3) data that the staff needs in its review of applications for permits and licenses. The NRC is now issuing Regulatory Guide 1.206, ``Combined License Applications for Nuclear Power Plants (LWR Edition),'' which provides guidance for use in submitting combined license (COL) applications pursuant to the Commission regulations in Title 10, Part 52, of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR), ``Early Site Permits; Standard Design Certifications; and Combined Licenses for Nuclear Power Plants.'' Specifically, 10 CFR part 52 governs the issuance of early site permits, standard design certifications, combined licenses, standard design approvals, and manufacturing licenses for nuclear power plants. A draft of the final rule was made available to the public electronically via the NRC rulemaking Web site at http://ruleforum.llnl.gov on May 21, 2007. Regulatory Guide 1.206 implements the requirements contained in the draft final rule. A final rule amending 10 CFR part 52 is expected to be published in the Federal Register later this year. Following issuance of the final rule, conforming changes will be made to the regulatory guide, as necessary. The regulatory positions in Section C of Regulatory Guide 1.206 are divided into the following parts: (1) Part I addresses the information requirements specified in 10 CFR 52.79, ``Contents of applications; technical information.'' Part I provides a COL applicant with guidance regarding the information that the NRC needs to resolve all safety issues related to the proposed COL. This part is intended for use by the COL applicants who are not referencing certified designs or early site permits. (2) Part II addresses the information requirements specified in 10 CFR 52.80, ``Contents of applications; additional information.'' The information requirements include the inspections, tests, analyses, and acceptance criteria; and the environmental report. (3) Part III is intended for use by COL applicants who reference either a certified design or both a certified design and an early site permit. (4) Part IV addresses a series of miscellaneous topics of interest to COL applicants, and includes, but is not limited to, a checklist for acceptance review of a COL application, and guidance and recommendations on COL application format. II. Further Information The NRC previously solicited public comment on this guide by publishing a Federal Register notice (71 FR 52826) concerning Draft Regulatory Guide DG-1145 on September 1, 2006. Following the closure of the public comment period on October 21, 2006, the NRC staff considered all stakeholder comments in preparing Regulatory Guide 1.206. The NRC staff's responses to stakeholder comments received for DG-1145 are documented in a report that can be found on NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS) at Accession No. ML071490067. The NRC staff encourages and welcomes comments and suggestions in connection with improvements to published regulatory guides, as well as items for inclusion in regulatory guides that are currently being developed. Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods. 1. Mail comments to: Rulemaking, Directives, and Editing Branch, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001. 2. Hand-deliver comments to: Rulemaking, Directives, and Editing Branch, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, between 7:30 a.m. and 4:15 p.m. on Federal workdays. 3. Fax comments to: Rulemaking, Directives, and Editing Branch, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission at (301) 415-5144. Requests for technical information about Regulatory Guide 1.206 may be directed to William D. Reckley at (301) 415-8668 or via e-mail to wdr@nrc.gov. Regulatory guides are available for inspection or downloading through the NRC's public Web site in the Regulatory Guides document collection of the NRC's Electronic Reading Room at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections. Electronic copies of Regulatory Guide 1.206 are available in ADAMS at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html, under Accession No. ML070720184. Regulatory Guide 1.206 and other related publicly available documents can also be viewed electronically on computers in the NRC's Public Document Room (PDR), which is located at 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland. The PDR's reproduction contractor will make copies of documents for a fee. The PDR's mailing address is USNRC PDR, Washington, DC 20555-0001. The PDR can also be reached by telephone at (301) 415-4737 or (800) 397-4205, by fax at (301) 415-3548, and by e- mail to PDR@nrc.gov. Please note that the NRC does not intend to distribute printed copies of Regulatory Guide 1.206, unless specifically requested on an individual basis with adequate justification. Such requests should be made (1) in writing to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, Attention: Reproduction and Distribution Services Section; (2) by e-mail to DISTRIBUTION@nrc.gov; or (3) by fax to (301) 415-2289. Telephone requests cannot be accommodated. [[Page 35080]] Regulatory Guides are not copyrighted, and Commission approval is not required to reproduce them (5 U.S.C. 552(a)). Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 20th day of June, 2007. For the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Brian W. Sheron, Director, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. [FR Doc. E7-12346 Filed 6-25-07; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 23 Guardian Unlimited: Lethal legacy of tank-busting uranium dust Ian Sample, science correspondent Wednesday June 27, 2007 Toxic, radioactive dust released from armour-piercing depleted uranium shells lingers for decades in the environment and contaminates land far from where it is used, according to British scientists. The finding raises fears that communities living in or returning to war zones may be forced to live on contaminated ground, in danger of inhaling the substance or consuming it in food or water supplies. Hundreds of tonnes of tank-busting depleted uranium rounds have been fired by British and American forces in the Balkans and Iraq. On impact the rounds fragment into a shower of fine particles, which have been linked to medical conditions including cancer and birth defects. Scientists initially suspected that even fine particles of the heavy dust would only cause contamination over a confined area. But research conducted by a team at Leicester University found that it can spread nearly 6km and persists in soils for more than 25 years. The team took soil samples from open ground and residential gardens in a suburban area near Colonie in New York State. During the 1960s and 1970s, the town was home to a depleted uranium manufacturing plant, which released an estimated five tonnes of the material into the air. The team detected traces of uranium down to 35cm beneath the ground. Nicholas Lloyd, a geologist on the team, said: "One of the issues was the realisation that we really didn't understand what was going to happen to this material when it gets into the environment. "What we've shown is that even though this is a very dense material that you'd expect to fall out of the air quickly, we can detect it far from the site and it's surviving more than a quarter of a century later." Previous studies have suggested inhaling particles of depleted uranium, which is weakly radioactive, might increase the risk of lung cancer. The substance has also been linked to kidney damage. In February the Ministry of Defence published medical tests carried out on more than 400 veterans of the Balkans conflict and the first Gulf war, which found none was contaminated with depleted uranium. Scientific advisers to the veterans claimed the tests were either conducted too late, or that the uranium particles were still lodged inside them. "This work shows that depleted uranium may not leach out of soils with rain and get washed away. It means we can't expect that depleted uranium in contaminated areas of Iraq will just disappear, it's going to persist and that means it could be re-suspended and breathed in," said Professor Brian Spratt of Imperial College, London, who chaired a working group on depleted uranium for the Royal Society. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 24 Houston Chronicle: No Action on Utah Nuke-Waste Permit Chron.com - June 26, 2007, 2:43PM WASHINGTON — A federal appeals court declined to act on a challenge to a license that was granted for nuclear-waste storage in Utah's west desert. Writing for a three-judge panel, Judge Merrick Garland said it would be inappropriate to act because it's uncertain whether the facility could ever be built. The Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians and a consortium of utilities last year won a license from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to store 40,000 metric tons of spent nuclear fuel on the tribe's reservation, about 50 miles southwest of Salt Lake City. The state and Utah's congressional delegation oppose the project. The Bureau of Land Management and the Bureau of Indian Affairs have effectively blocked it by denying access to the site. The utility consortium, Private Fuel Storage LLC, has said it would take those federal agencies to court but hasn't so far, Garland said Tuesday. As a result, it is "too speculative" whether the appeals court would ever need to determine whether the NRC license is valid, he said. The case was filed by some Goshute tribe members at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. ***************************************************************** 25 SanLuisObispo.com: Plans for new nuclear storage facility still up in the air 06/26/2007 | Yucca Mountain The site could open as early as 2017, but Nevada officials are resistant By David Sneed dsneed@thetribunenews.com California electricity customers have paid $1 billion to the federal government to permanently store high-level radioactive waste, but the fate of a proposed storage facility at Yucca Mountain remains uncertain. Federal officials and nuclear power representatives told the California Energy Commission on Monday that the underground repository will open someday. But Nevada officials do not want the facility built in their state, and scientists continue to question whether the facility can safely store nuclear waste for thousands of years. Pacific Gas and Electric Co. is building an aboveground storage facility at Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant because pools now being used to store the plant’s highly radioactive used uranium are nearly full. Diablo Canyon—as well as the nation’s other nuclear power plants — was designed with the assumption that spent fuel would only be stored on site for several years before being either reprocessed into new fuel or shipped to a centralized federal storage depot. The Energy Commission is holding two days of hearings this week in Sacramento concerning the status and future of nuclear power in the state. Energy commissioners told the U.S. Department of Energy, which is building the Yucca Mountain facility, that they are angry over repeated delays in the project and have little confidence it will ever open. In contrast, Eric Knox with the Energy Department’s radioactive waste office told the commission he’s never been more confident about the future of Yucca Mountain. The earliest the facility could open is 2017. But it is likely to be delayed to 2020. “Between 2017 and 2020, it’s something that will become a reality,” Knox said. The nuclear industry maintains that there is no scientific reason not to open Yucca Mountain. The only thing lacking is the political will. “Because it must be done, it will be done,” said Alan Hanson, an executive with Areva, a company that manufactures nuclear waste storage casks. Bob Loux with Nevada’s Yucca Mountain office was much less optimistic about the future of the storage facility. Nevada elected officials, including U.S. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, have vowed to stop the project. “The prospects (of Yucca opening) are very dim,” Loux said. Allison Macfarlane, a nuclear waste storage specialist with George Mason University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, told the commission that Yucca Mountain is a less-than-ideal location for storing nuclear waste. Yucca Mountain’s chief appeal is its isolated location 60 miles from Las Vegas. Yucca Mountain is problematic because the area is seismically and volcanically active. The atmosphere inside the storage tunnels would soon become corrosive to the storage casks because of humidity and oxidizing minerals in the soil, Macfarlane said. “There are plenty of other sites in the country that are reasonable,” she said. ***************************************************************** 26 Las Vegas SUN: Senate spending panel wants $50 million less for Yucca Mountain Today: June 26, 2007 at 16:45:3 PDT By ERICA WERNER Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) - A Senate spending panel proposed Tuesday spending $444 million on the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste dump in 2008 - $50 million less than President Bush and a House panel want. The House Appropriations Committee met Bush's 2008 budget request of $494.5 million for Yucca Mountain, and the spending bill it's part of is awaiting passage by the full House. The House last week soundly defeated an effort by Nevada Reps. Shelley Berkley, Jon Porter and Dean Heller to cut the 2008 Yucca Mountain budget by $200 million. The Senate Appropriations Committee's energy and water subcommittee approved the $444 million figure Tuesday, and the full Senate Appropriations Committee is expected to vote on it Thursday. If the House and Senate arrive at different numbers, the discrepancy would have to be resolved in a House-Senate conference committee before passage of a final spending bill. In past years Sen. Harry Reid, D-Nev., was the top Democrat on the energy and water panel and used the position to pare the budget for the nuclear waste dump that the federal government is trying to build 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas over the objection of Nevada officials. Reid gave up the position this year when he became Senate majority leader, handing the gavel to Sen. Byron Dorgan, D-N.D. The budget Congress approved for Yucca Mountain in 2007 was $444.5 million - $100 million less than Bush's request for the year, which project managers complained could lead to yet more delays on the troubled project. The dump was funded at $450 million in 2006 and $577 million in 2004 and 2005. Originally targeted to open in 1998, the earliest opening date for Yucca Mountain is now 2017, though the Energy Department has said 2021 is more likely. All contents copyright 2005 Las Vegas SUN, Inc. ***************************************************************** 27 The Herald: Nuclear waste: no deep shafts in Scotland, says minister KEVIN SCHOFIELD June 26 2007 The Scottish Executive set itself on another collision course with Westminster over nuclear power yesterday when it refused to co-operate with moves to bury waste deep underground. Ministers in the UK government have already signalled their support for burying the waste in deep geological facilities and yesterday launched a consultation exercise seeking the views of interested parties. But Richard Lochhead, the Secretary for Rural Affairs and the Environment at Holyrood, moved quickly to rule out the executive's involvement in the process, insisting that deep disposal was an "out-of-sight out-of-mind policy" that most Scots were opposed to. The announcement came just weeks after First Minister Alex Salmond insisted the executive would block any moves to build new nuclear power stations in Scotland. Mr Lochhead said his preferred option was a "near surface near site" policy, which would allow waste to be monitored and remove the need for it to be transferred over long distances. He said: "We recognise that dealing with the legacy of radioactive waste from past nuclear activities is one of the most significant challenges we face. "The Scottish government does not accept that geological disposal is the right way forward. This is a matter of principle for us and I have no doubt that public opinion in Scotland supports our view." Mr Lochhead added: "We do not accept that it is right to seek to bury nuclear waste, which will remain active for thousands of years, in a deep geological facility or to expect any community to host such a facility. This out-of-sight out-of-mind policy should not extend to Scotland." However, Mr Lochhead said the executive would still support the Committee on Radioactive Waste Management (CoRWM) recommendations on interim storage of nuclear waste and would also support future work on long-term options. A spokeswoman for the Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) said: "It is for the Scottish Executive to set out their position and the basis for it." However, she also stressed that the CoRWM had spent more than two and a half years assessing the options available before recommending the burial of nuclear waste deep under ground. The Labour Party accused the executive of "choosing the path of unnecessary conflict". Rhona Brankin, the party's shadow environment secretary, said: "Addressing the issue of nuclear waste is an ongoing process of consensus which the SNP have chosen to rupture part way through." But the Green Party praised the executive's decision to reject the committee's recommendations. Patrick Harvie MSP said: "It is clear that there is still no solution to the problem of nuclear waste. "Dumping it in a hole deep in the ground is not a secure approach and no responsible government would bulldoze through deep disposal given the uncertainties and risks. Duncan McLaren, chief executive of Friends of the Earth, also welcomed Mr Lochhead's announcement and called on Westminster to rule out using any Scottish sites for deep disposal. He said: "We are concerned that the UK government consultation is a sham to facilitate an unsustainable and unethical programme of new nuclear power stations. Solving the problem of nuclear waste needs to begin with a pledge not to create any more of the stuff. "That decades after the start of the nuclear industry this country still doesn't have a safe solution to dealing with this country's radioactive waste legacy is further evidence that creating further waste from new nuclear power stations should not be countenanced." © All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without Posted by: Bruce, Glasgow on 10:28pm Mon 25 Jun 07 "Addressing the issue of nuclear waste is an ongoing process of consensus which the SNP have chosen to rupture part way through..... Labour's Double Speak continues, why can't they just admit that they don't have an answer....no one has, thats WHY we shouldn't do it....this isn't a point of some political ideology, it's bloody common sense ya eedjits! "Addressing the issue of nuclear waste is an ongoing process of consensus which the SNP have chosen to rupture part way through..... Labour's Double Speak continues, why can't they just admit that they don't have an answer....no one has, thats WHY we shouldn't do it....this isn't a point of some political ideology, it's bloody common sense ya eedjits! Quote | Report this post Posted by: Oscar, Fallout Central on 10:50pm Mon 25 Jun 07 I like this keep it close to the facility notion it's in keeping with the SRO that waste must be dealt with at source. A chum who knows about these things, what with working in a large BNFL plant near me, says they're currently working with vitrification processes, whereby they turn the waste into thick slabs of glass, meaning there is little or no chance of nuclear waste dissolving and seeping into the water courses. [italic]"However, she also stressed that the CoRWM had spent more than two and a half years assessing the options available before recommending the burial of nuclear waste deep under ground."[/italic] Did these options include sticking it under a carpet, firing it at the moon, sneaking it into third worldopolis or just sticking their heads in the sand? I like this keep it close to the facility notion it's in keeping with the SRO that waste must be dealt with at source. A chum who knows about these things, what with working in a large BNFL plant near me, says they're currently working with vitrification processes, whereby they turn the waste into thick slabs of glass, meaning there is little or no chance of nuclear waste dissolving and seeping into the water courses. "However, she also stressed that the CoRWM had spent more than two and a half years assessing the options available before recommending the burial of nuclear waste deep under ground." Did these options include sticking it under a carpet, firing it at the moon, sneaking it into third worldopolis or just sticking their heads in the sand? Copyright © 2007 Newsquest (Herald & Times) Limited. All Rights ***************************************************************** 28 ITAR-TASS: Federal official inspects Russia’s largest nuke fuel producer 26.06.2007, 18.35 NOVOSIBIRSK, June 26 (Itar-Tass) -- Federal Environmental, Technological and Atomic Supervisory Service chief Konstantin Pulikovsky has inspected Russia’s largest producer of nuclear fuel for power plants and research reactors, the Novosibirsk Chemical Concentrate Plant. He lauded the ecological, industrial and radiation safety of the facility. The plant administration informed Pulikovsky about the physical safety system, the storing of nuclear and radioactive materials, and the sanitary zone around the enterprise. The service “has done 55 inspections and given 35 recommendations over the past year,” Pulikovsky said. In his words, the plant has complied with all the recommendations and eliminated the shortcomings. The plant’s atmospheric discharges are hundreds of times smaller than those of similar enterprises of the Novosibirsk region, General Director Vladimir Ravin said. He added that the plant would fully stop harmful discharges into the Ob River this year. The Novosibirsk plant is a component of the state-owned TVEL Corporation. © ITAR-TASS. All rights reserved. You undertake not to copy, store ***************************************************************** 29 Murfreesboro Post: ENDIT vows to stop radioactive dumping By Lisa Marchesoni - June 25, 2007 - 11:04 PM Fears of radioactive waste causing cancer and birth defects prompted Citizens to End Nuclear Dumping in Tennessee Monday to petition the state to stop radioactive waste dumping at the Middle Point Landfill in Walter Hill. More than 60 people attended a meeting at Patterson Park where they obtained ideas how to voice their opposition to the low-level radioactive waste from other states dumped in Rutherford County. ENDIT members urged citizens to contact legislators and county commissioners to halt the dumping. Information about the radioactive waste was reported last month through the Bulk Survey for Release program. Former County Mayor Nancy Allen said she didn’t know radioactive wastes were destined for the landfill when she signed a contract several years ago with BFI. Organizer Kathleen Ferris said Rutherford County citizens still don’t know what’s being dumped at the landfill. “We’ve become a dumping ground for the whole nation,” Ferris said, adding there was plenty of blame but it would take bi-partisan efforts to stop the dumping. Ferris distributed petitions for people to sign about the dumping. “We’re going to get something done,” Ferris vowed. Mother Betsy Allgood said the radioactive waste leaks into the ground water and creates cancer, diseases and birth defects. People who live in expensive homes in north Murfreesboro drink the same water from the landfill five miles away. She challenged other mothers to call state legislators to voice their complaints while David Wilson urged the group to call legislators and county commissioners. Pat Sanders addressed the health risks, saying there is no safe level of ionizing radiation. The citizens heard from Diane D-Arrigo, who authored “Out of Control — on Purpose: DOE’s Dispersal of Radioactive Waste into Landfills and Consumer Products,” for the Nuclear Information and Resource Service. Tennessee writes a “blank check” by allowing nuclear waste into the state, she said. Sixteen states regulate dumping through laws and executive orders from the governor. State Rep. John Hood, D-Murfreesboro, said he would see if Gov. Phil Bredesen would consider imposing an executive order about the dumping. Hood and other state legislators established a 60-day moratorium on radioactive dumping at Middle Point. Some legislators tried to get more than 60 days. Hood and County Commissioner Robert Peay were the only two elected representatives to stay for the two-hour meeting. State Sen. Jim Tracy stayed for some time but left a staff member for the meeting. Peay said the county commission asked County Mayor Ernest Burgess to study water tests by an independent agency. Burgess is supposed to report back Friday. Ann Harris of Rockwood, a member of the Sierra Club, suggested everyone would make a difference by calling or writing legislators with concerns. Bruce Wood of BURNT in Nashville said the landfill is within 50 feet of the Stones River. Citizens can make a change. “We have to say no to the waste that exists now,” Wood said. “We have to realize we are the problem. We have to bring pressure on the state of Tennessee.” 615-869-0800 | online@murfreesboropost.com | 630 Broadmore Blvd. Suite 120, P.O. 10008, Murfreesboro, TN 37129 ***************************************************************** 30 icWales: Nuclear waste talks Jun 26 2007 by Tomos Livingstone, Western Mail MINISTERS in Cardiff Bay are to go ahead with a joint consultation on the burial of nuclear waste – despite the Scottish Executive pulling out of the process. Defra and the administrations in Wales and Northern Ireland are consulting on how burial sites will be chosen. The consultation will look at so-called “geological disposal”, where waste is buried between 200m and 1,000m underground and the rock structure prevents radioactive leaks. Ian Pearson, the Westminster minister responsible, argued yesterday that such sites would bring jobs and billions of pounds of investment into communities. But in a sign of the sensitivities surrounding the idea, his Welsh counterpart Jane Davidson made it clear that the Assembly Government, despite co-operating in the consultation, had not signed up to having a site in Wales. In Scotland, the SNP-run administration went further, refusing even to take part in the consultation process. “We do not accept that it is right to seek to bury nuclear waste, which will remain active for thousands of years, in a deep geological facility or to expect any community to host such a facility,” said Scottish Environment Minister Richard Lochhead. “This out of sight, out of mind policy should not extend to Scotland.” The geological disposal idea was recommended last year by the Committee on Radioactive Waste Management, a body which contains representatives nominated by the Assembly. The new consultation will run until November and will look at technical aspects of disposal and how a site would be chosen. No shortlist of sites has been drawn up, the Assembly Government stress- ed, adding that the development is not connected to any new nuclear stations – to which it is opposed. Ms Davidson said, “The UK has an existing radioactive waste problem that must be solved. This consultation seeks views on a potential approach to securing that solution.” Plaid Cymru AM Elin Jonessaid, “There will be strong resistance in Wales to the burying of nuclear waste in any part of our country. Plaid Cymru does not want to see Wales used for the burial of nuclear waste.” Lembit Opik, leader of the Welsh Liberal Democrats, said, “Nuclear waste is one in a long list of reasons why we should bury nuclear power once and for all.” Copyright and Trade Mark Notice ***************************************************************** 31 University of Leicester: Several tons of uranium and a town called Colonie : 26-Jun-2007 Contact: Nicholas Lloyd nsl3@leicester.ac.uk 44-077-635-82186 Recent research by the Department of Geology at University of Leicester, and at the British Geological Survey aims to improve understanding of how depleted uranium particulate behaves in the environment. PhD research student Nicholas Lloyd has identified uranium oxide particulate that has survived more than 25 years in the environment, and depleted uranium contamination nearly 6 km from point of release. The use of depleted uranium (DU) munitions by US and British forces has been highly controversial; on impact with armoured targets they shed uranium particulate that can be inhaled into the lungs. DU is both weakly radioactive and chemically toxic. Concerns raised by campaign groups have been the subject of numerous newspaper headlines, and it is frequently cited as a possible cause of Gulf War syndrome. However, under the scrutiny of peer-review, scientific studies have so far failed to demonstrate a significant connection between inhalation exposure and human ill-health. One of the problems is that no studied non-occupational populations have been shown to have significant inhalation exposure to DU. During the 1960s and ‘70s an estimated 5 tonnes of uranium was emitted into the environment, in a residential area of Colonie, NY, USA. Local residents are concerned that they were exposed to airborne particulate, and have campaigned for a health study. The current research could provide valuable baseline data for such a study. The researchers led by Professor Randall Parrish collected hundreds of soil and dust samples last July, with the help of local residents and Dr John Arnason of SUNY at Albany. Soils and dusts have been examined using scanning electron microscopy, and reveal micrometer diameter uranium-rich particulate (invisible to the naked eye). These particles may be resuspended and inhaled. The samples have also been analysed by mass spectrometry, revealing contamination several hundreds of times greater than background near source, and trace contamination 35 cm below surface and as far afield as 5.8 km. Nicholas said that the study by University of Leicester and the British Geological Survey aims to improve understanding of how depleted uranium particulate behaves in the environment. The study shows that uranium oxide particulate is both mobile and durable in the environment. The research is being presented to the public at the University of Leicester on June 29. The Festival of Postgraduate Research introduces employers and the public to the next generation of innovators and cutting-edge researchers, and gives postgraduate researchers the opportunity to explain the real world implications of their research to a wide ranging audience. More information on the Festival of Postgraduate Research at: www.le.ac.uk/gradschool/festival ***************************************************************** 32 Guardian Unlimited: Beckett calls for cuts in US and Russian nuclear arsenals Julian Borger in Washington Tuesday June 26, 2007 Margaret Beckett: 'signal of intent'. Photograph: Carl de Souza/AFP/Getty Images. The foreign secretary, Margaret Beckett, called yesterday for deep cuts in the US and Russia's nuclear arsenals, in a signal that the new Brown government will make disarmament a foreign policy priority. Speaking at a conference only a few hundred metres from the White House, Mrs Beckett's appeal for a new global commitment to rid the world of nuclear weapons won a standing ovation from a large audience of international non-proliferation experts and activists. Yesterday's trip to Washington may be the last by Mrs Beckett as foreign secretary, as Gordon Brown is widely reported to be planning to replace her on becoming prime minister tomorrow. But British officials made clear her speech had Mr Brown's full approval. In a US administration that is deeply sceptical about multilateral disarmament treaties, the Beckett speech was seen as a statement of intent by a new British leader. "She made it clear that [Brown] is not our poodle," an unnamed US official told McClatchy Newspapers last night. In her speech to the arms control conference organised by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace thinktank, Mrs Beckett said that there was a "sense of stagnation" surrounding disarmament efforts and that the established nuclear states would have to make deeper cuts in their stockpiles. Failure to do so would risk undermining their efforts to rally international opinion against countries like Iran, suspected of covertly developing nuclear weapons. "Practical steps include further reductions in warhead numbers, particularly in the world's biggest arsenals. There are still over 20,000 warheads in the world. And the US and Russia hold about 96% of them," Mrs Beckett said. "Almost no one - politician, military strategist or scientist - thinks that warheads in those numbers are still necessary to guarantee international security. "It should not therefore be controversial to suggest that there remains room for further significant reductions." The foreign secretary also called on the US to ratify an international treaty banning nuclear tests. America is currently observing a moratorium, but Mr Bush has signalled he has no intention of restricting his administration's freedom of action by entering into a global treaty. Mrs Beckett defended Britain's decision to maintain its independent nuclear force of Trident missiles because the "secure and predictable global political context" necessary for total disarmament did not exist yet. "But acknowledging that the conditions for disarmament do not exist today does not mean resigning ourselves to the idea that nuclear weapons can never be abolished in the future," the foreign secretary said. She went on to list a series of projects the British government was funding to develop the sort of confidence-building measures necessary for multilateral disarmament to work. In that way, she said, Britain would become a "disarmament laboratory". She also made it clear that the speech marked the start of a fresh focus on disarmament issues by the incoming Brown government. "Those initiatives I have announced today are only small ones," Mrs Beckett said. "But they are in the right direction: a signal of intent and purpose to ourselves and to others. "We will talk more and do more with our international partners - those who have nuclear weapons, those who do not - in the weeks and months to come." William Walker, an arms control expert at the University of St Andrews who was in the audience yesterday, described the speech as "very significant". Although the foreign secretary was restating British policy, Professor Walker said "I think it was the emphasis and the location in which she said it." "Put that together with a certain amount of passion, and it adds up to a statement of mood by the Brown government." Useful links The Foreign and Commonwealth Office The Department for International Development Email comments for publication to: politics.editor@guardianunlimited.co.uk Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 33 Seattle Times: Hanford nuke plant restarts after refueling | Tuesday, June 26, 2007 - Page updated at 04:49 PM The Associated Press RICHLAND, Wash. — The Columbia Generating Station, the only commercial nuclear power plant in Washington, has resumed operation after a 44-day outage for maintenance and refueling. The station, which produces enough electricity for 500,000 homes, reconnected Sunday night to the Northwest power grid, according to Energy Northwest, which operates the plant. The plant on the Hanford nuclear reservation in southeast Washington has been in commercial operation since 1984. Its electricity is distributed throughout the region by the Bonneville Power Administration. Power from the station accounts for about 10 percent to 12 percent of BPA's total electricity, said Brad Peck, a spokesman for Energy Northwest. When the plant is down, the company must buy its power on the open market to make up for the lost supply, he said. The agency is "thrilled to have the plant back on line. We look forward to a long and reliable operating cycle," said Andy Rapacz, BPA's manager of contract generating resources. As part of its biennial refueling shutdown, about a third of the 764 nuclear fuel rods in the reactor core were replaced. They typically remain in the reactor for six years before being moved to a used fuel pool and eventually to onsite storage containers. Energy Northwest had set a goal of 38 days to complete the work. "We came close to our 38-day target, but ultimately safety and quality of work are higher priorities than the schedule," outage manager Ron Hogue said Tuesday. "Our real goal was to complete the work as quickly as possible without sacrificing safety and quality of work. We achieved that goal." More than 2,900 people worked on the outage, including 1,000 Energy Northwest employees and more than 1,900 temporary and contract workers from across the nation. Plant General Manager Tom Lynch was confident the plant will perform well through the upcoming 24-month operating cycle. "The plant is in outstanding condition; perhaps as good as I've seen any plant coming out of a major refueling and maintenance outage," he said. In early April, authorities declared an alert at the plant after detecting a small electrical fire in a backup transformer that supplies electricity to parts of the plant when needed. No radioactivity was released, and the plant remained operating. Copyright © 2007 The Seattle Times Company ***************************************************************** 34 UCB: DOE awards LBNL, UC Berkeley and partners $125 million for biofuels research 06.26.2007 - UC Berkeley > Major new boost for Bay Area renewable-energy effort UC Berkeley Press Release Robert Sanders, Media Relations | 26 June 2007 BERKELEY – Berkeley and the Bay Area cemented their position as the nation's center of alternative energy research with the announcement today (Tuesday, June 26) by the Department of Energy of a $125 million, five-year grant to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), the University of California, Berkeley, and four other partners to develop better biofuels. Energy Secretary Samuel W. Bodman announced in Washington, D.C., research grants totaling $375 million to establish three Bioenergy Research Centers in Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Madison, Wisconsin; and near Berkeley, California. The California center, to be known as the Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), involves six partners: LBNL, Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia), the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), the UC campuses of Berkeley and Davis, and Stanford University. and "The selection of JBEI is a major vote of confidence in the Bay Area's growing leadership in the national effort to develop new and cleaner sources of renewable energy," said Jay Keasling, UC Berkeley professor of chemical engineering and JBEI's chief executive officer. Keasling also is director of LBNL's Physical Biosciences Division. UC Berkeley, LBNL and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign were selected earlier this year by oil company BP to receive $500 million over 10 years for an Energy Biosciences Institute to investigate future technologies for biofuels and ways of using the new tools of biology to enhance oil recovery and to sequester carbon. That research contract is due to be signed in July. "This clearly will make the Bay Area the locus for development of a green tech industry to rival the high tech and biotech industries which started here," said Graham Fleming, a JBEI founder, deputy director at LBNL and Melvin Calvin Distinguished Professor of Chemistry at UC Berkeley. "It is a tremendously exciting day for the Bay Area and the country as a whole." Plans call for JBEI to be headquartered in a leased building in the East Bay, central to all partners. Initial work will take place at the West Berkeley Biocenter on Potter Street in Berkeley. "The DOE bioenergy research centers will provide the transformational science needed for bioenergy breakthroughs to advance President Bush's goal of making cellulosic ethanol cost-competitive with gasoline by 2012, and assist in reducing America's gasoline consumption by 20 percent in 10 years," Secretary Bodman said. "The collaborations of academic, corporate, and national laboratory researchers represented by these centers are truly impressive and I am very encouraged by the potential they hold for advancing America's energy security." Reserch will center on improvements to current technology for producing ethanol, in particularly cellulosic technology for producing ethanol from biomass, and new technologies for producing other biofuels, according to Harvey Blanch, UC Berkeley professor of chemical engineering and JBEI chief science and technology officer. Today's cellulosic ethanol industry is based on 20-year-old technology, he said, in part because federal research funding on biofuels ended when President Ronald Reagan jettisoned most alternative energy research in the 1980s. In order to catch up, much basic research needs to be done to find out how plant cell walls – the hard lignocelluose that makes plants sturdy – are put together, so that scientists can find a way to take them apart and access the simple sugars they're made from. These sugars could then be fermented along with the simple starches in the plant to produce much more energy than currently possible. "If (the cellulosic industry) is going to grow and compete economically, even with corn based materials, a lot of improvements need to be made," Blanch said. The basic research will benefit from collaborations with UC Davis scientists who have experience with the genetics of rice and a mustard, Arabadopsis thaliana, that is the lab rat or "fruit fly" of plant biology, according to Pam Ronald, chair of the Plant Genomics Program at UC Davis and director of JBEI's grass genetics group. Blanch anticipates that JBEI could start making an impact on the cellulosic industry within a couple of years, particularly in the area of breaking down biomass into its constituent sugars. Instead of acid hydrolysis, blanch hopes that JBEI scientists can create better and more efficient enzymes to do that, or even an organism that both breaks down lignocellulose and ferments it into fuels such as ethanol, butanol or oil-like alkanes. JBEI scientists will also develop the tools and infrastructure to accelerate future biofuel research and production efforts, and help transition new technologies into the commercial sector. "JBEI will be organized like a biotech startup company, with very focused research objectives, and a structure to enable it to quickly pursue promising scientific and technological developments," said Keasling. "The organizational structure and culture is intended to ensure rapid commercialization of JBEI R&D." "The ultimate goal of the energy centers is to get this into the market," emphasized Ray Orbach, director of the DOE's Office of Science. The DOE JBEI organization will feature four interdependent science and technology divisions: Feedstocks, aimed at improving plants that serve as the raw materials for ethanol and the next generation of biofuels; Deconstruction, aimed at investigating the molecular mechanisms behind the breakdown of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars; Fuels Synthesis, in which microbes that can efficiently convert sugar into biofuels will be engineered; and Cross-cutting Technologies, which will be dedicated to the development and optimization of enabling technologies that support and integrate the DOE JBEI research. Keasling draws a distinction between the very focused work of JBEI and the "think-tank" approach of the EBI. EBI's goal is to formulate a comprehensive understanding of biology in the context of energy science, exploring all possibilities in the field and identifying those approaches and technologies that look to be the most promising. LBNL press release DOE press release JBEI Website E-mail newscenter@berkeley.edu Copyright UC Regents ***************************************************************** 35 Yakima Herald Republic: Hanford cleanup embarrassment must be resolved Published on Tuesday, June 26, 2007 The news out of the Tri-Cities wasn't really all that surprising: Cost estimates for cleaning up the most contaminated nuclear site on the planet have gone up. Up, as in mind-numbing up. And where is the outrage? People complain about paying $3-plus a gallon for gas to drive their cars, but don't seem too concerned that the federal government is tossing around billions of dollars (that's "billions" with a "b") at the Hanford nuclear reservation for cleanup efforts that drag on while the costs escalate. Enough of this national embarrassment in our backyard. The state has again entered negotiations with federal officials to prod them along, and the end result this time must be an iron-clad commitment to finishing the job. No more delays, no more excuses. This is a pressing public health and safety issue that has been stymied far too long. As reported earlier this month in both this newspaper and the Tri-City Herald, the estimated cost has skyrocketed again -- this time from $26 billion to $44 billion for closing Hanford's underground tanks and treating their radioactive and hazardous chemical waste. There's more. * That amount does not include estimated contingency costs of as much as $18 billion -- bringing the potential cost to $62 billion -- if the project has more delays or other difficulties. And given the track record for almost two decades now, the chances of delay are near-certain unless there's a new culture of action we're not seeing so far. The $44 billion cost would cover emptying and closing the 177 underground tanks at the Hanford nuclear reservation and treating the 53 million gallons of waste they hold. The new numbers project that treatment of the waste and closure of the tanks would be completed in 2042, rather than 2028 as is required by the 1989 Tri-Party Agreement signed by the state and federal governments to establish (cue the cynical cackle) cleanup deadlines. The waste is left from more than 40 years production of plutonium for the nation's nuclear weapons program. (A little parochial perspective: A proposed Black Rock reservoir east of Yakima would cost about $4 billion, which some say is way high. Unless you consider that the Hanford cleanup price tag can now be measured as 151/2 Black Rocks.) * The latest projections do not include the $12.3 billion cost of building and testing the vitrification plant, which is being built to treat and glassify much of the waste. They also do include the plant's operating cost. The plant is a not-so-shining example of all that's wrong with a cockeyed cleanup schedule with no teeth. The original operating deadline was 1999, while the current agreement requires the plant to being operating in 2011. Last year, the federal Department of Energy pushed the start date to 2019. If our math services correctly, that means the original deadline will be missed by 20 years, assuming 2019 is met, and so far we wouldn't risk betting the farm on that happening. Department of Energy officials say the newer, and higher, total results from a "rebaselining" of the cleanup based on new projections of how much it will cost to get whole project completed. The original projection, they say, was based on overly optimistic assumptions, including hopes of saving $20 billion through privatization. The plant will now be a government-owned facility. Pushing for cleanup is a frustrated Gov. Chris Gregoire, who has dealt with federal foot-dragging as governor and before that as state attorney general. Her office pointed out that since the Tri-Party Agreement was signed in 1989, there have been 11 secretaries or acting secretaries of the federal Department of Energy and the department has had five different prime contractors for the waste treatment plant. And every time the federal department bails on one contractor and gets another, everything is seemingly set back and the costs go up. "Nobody is more frustrated than I am about the lack of consistency, construction mistakes and management problems at Hanford," Gregoire said. "But the last thing we need is to send a message that it is OK to walk away. It is not. We need to get going." And beyond the public health and safety issue, there's another consideration at play: As the nation searches for alternate and renewable forms of energy, nuclear power will never be a viable option it should be until the cleanup issues at Hanford are resolved. It's a black eye by association. We're with the governor. Let's get it done and cap these runaway costs and interminable delays. * Members of the Yakima Herald-Republic editorial board are Michael Shepard, Sarah Jenkins and Bill Lee. © 2007 - Yakima Herald-Republic - www.yakimaherald.com ***************************************************************** 36 DOE: Energy Department Selects Three Bioenergy Research Centers for $375 Million in Federal Funding June 26, 2007 Basic Genomics Research Furthers President Bush’s Plan to Reduce Gasoline Usage 20 Percent in Ten Year WASHINGTON, DC – U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary Samuel W. Bodman today announced that DOE will invest up to $375 million in three new Bioenergy Research Centers that will be located in Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Madison, Wisconsin; and near Berkeley, California. The Centers are intended to accelerate basic research in the development of cellulosic ethanol and other biofuels, advancing President Bush’s Twenty in Ten Initiative, which seeks to reduce U.S. gasoline consumption by 20 percent within ten years through increased efficiency and diversification of clean energy sources. The Department plans to fund the Centers for the first five years of operation (Fiscal Years 2008-2013). “These Centers will provide the transformational science needed for bioenergy breakthroughs to advance President Bush’s goal of making cellulosic ethanol cost-competitive with gasoline by 2012, and assist in reducing America’s gasoline consumption by 20 percent in ten years,” Secretary Bodman said. “The collaborations of academic, corporate, and national laboratory researchers represented by these centers are truly impressive and I am very encouraged by the potential they hold for advancing America’s energy security.” To bring the latest tools of the biotechnology revolution to bear to advance clean energy production, the Centers will be supported by multidisciplinary teams of top scientists. A major focus will be on understanding how to reengineer biological processes to develop new, more efficient methods for converting the cellulose in plant material into ethanol or other biofuels that serve as a substitute for gasoline. This research is critical because future biofuels production will require the use of feedstocks more diverse than corn, including cellulosic material like agricultural residues, grasses, poplar trees, inedible plants, and non-edible portions of crops. The Centers will bring together diverse teams of researchers from 18 of the nation’s leading universities, seven DOE national laboratories, at least one nonprofit organization, and a range of private companies. All three Centers are located in geographically distinct areas and will use different plants both for laboratory research and for improving feedstock crops. The mission of the Bioenergy Research Centers will lie at the frontier between basic and applied science, and will maintain a focus on bioenergy applications. These Centers aim to identify real steps toward practical solutions regarding to the challenge of producing renewable, carbon-neutral energy. At the same time, the Centers will be grounded in basic research, pursuing alternative avenues and a range of high-risk, high-return approaches to finding solutions. To some degree, one key to the Centers’ success will be their ability to develop the more basic dimensions of their research to a point that can easily transition to applied research. The Department’s three Bioenergy Research Centers will include: * The DOE BioEnergy Science Center led by the DOE’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The Center Director will be Martin Keller, and collaborators include: Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia; DOE’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado; University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia; Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire; and the University of Tennessee, in Knoxville, Tennessee. * The DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center will be led by the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Wisconsin, in close collaboration with Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. The Center Director will be Timothy Donohue, and other collaborators include: DOE’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington; Lucigen Corporation in Middleton, Wisconsin; University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida; DOE’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Illinois State University in Normal, Illinois; and Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. * The DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute will be led by DOE’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The Institute Director will be Jay Keasling, and collaborators include: Sandia National Laboratories; DOE’s Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; University of California - Berkeley; University of California - Davis; and Stanford University in Stanford, California. Subject to the finalization of contract terms and congressional appropriations, the Centers are expected to begin work in 2008, consistent with President Bush’s Fiscal Year 2008 Budget Request, and would be fully operational by 2009. DOE’s Office of Science issued a competitive Funding Opportunity Announcement in August 2006 to solicit applications. The three Centers were chosen following a merit-based, competitive review process that included external scientific peer review of the applications. The establishment of the bioenergy research centers culminates a six-year effort by DOE’s Office of Science to lay the foundation for breakthroughs in systems biology for the cost-effective production of renewable energy. In July 2006, DOE’s Office of Science issued a joint biofuels research agenda with the Department’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy titled “Breaking the Biological Barriers to Cellulosic Ethanol.” The report provides a detailed roadmap for cellulosic ethanol research, identifying key roadblocks and areas where scientific breakthroughs are needed. Today’s announcement follows other key funding announcements this year to advance President Bush’s Twenty in Ten Initiative, and to make cellulosic ethanol cost competitive with gasoline by 2012. On February 28, 2007, DOE announced up to $385 million for six biorefinery projects that when fully operational are expected to produce more than 130 million gallons of cellulosic ethanol per year. On May 1, 2007, DOE announced a funding opportunity for $200 million over five years (FY’07-FY’11) to support the development of small scale bio-refineries that produce liquid transportation fuels such as ethanol. Read additional information on DOE’s biofuels initiatives. Additional information is available on the Department’s three Bioenergy Research Centers and the Department’s Genomics Research Programs. DOE's Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the nation and helps ensure U.S. world leadership across a broad range of scientific disciplines. The Office of Science supports a diverse portfolio of research at more than 300 colleges and universities nationwide, manages ten world-class national laboratories with unmatched capabilities for solving complex interdisciplinary scientific problems, and builds and operates the world’s finest suite of scientific facilities and instruments used annually by more than 19,000 researchers to extend the frontiers of all areas of science. More information is available one the Office of Science website. Media contact(s): Megan Barnett, (202) 586-4940 U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 ***************************************************************** 37 Santa Fe New Mexican: LANL laptop stolen in Ireland By ANDY LENDERMAN | The New Mexican June 25, 2007 Security concerns arise as lab braces for Senate funding plans More security concerns at Los Alamos National Laboratory surfaced Monday, the day before a Senate subcommittee was scheduled to release its highly anticipated spending bill for the lab. A lab scientist traveled to Ireland late last month for a vacation, and his lab-issued laptop computer was stolen out of his hotel room, federal officials confirmed. But there wasn’t anything classified on it, officials said. “We really don’t view this as a security breach,” Julianne Smith of the National Nuclear Security Administration said. “It’s a violation of lab policy; that’s it. No classified documents were on the computer, and nothing relating to the weapons program or anything sensitive ... that the lab or NNSA deals with.” In a separate matter Monday, Newsweek magazine quoted an anonymous source who said another scientist sent a classified e-mail over an unsecured network. “That reported incident is under review ... and it would be inappropriate to comment until we have all the facts,” Smith said. Lab spokesman Kevin Roark took issue with the Newsweek report. “This recent tendency to hold this laboratory accountable for its employees to be anything less than perfect is unrealistic,” Roark said. The lab takes security seriously and has made “great improvements” in the last six months, he said. U.S. Sen. Jeff Bingaman, D-N.M., said in a statement he “was made aware of these incidents and once again I expressed my concerns over these continuing lapses. The actions of these individuals unfortunately detract from the tremendously important work done at the lab every day.” Earlier this month, a Michigan congressman reported that top lab managers sent classified information involving nuclear material by unsecured e-mail. Federal officials are expected to meet with Rep. John Dingell, D-Mich., on the matter. Meanwhile, a North Dakota senator is scheduled to release a document of great importance to New Mexico today, outlining how much federal money the Senate wants to give the lab in the 2008 fiscal year. The House Appropriations Committee has already suggested as much as $400 million in cuts to Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories compared to the 2007 fiscal year, the office of U.S. Rep. Tom Udall, D-N.M., reports. The overall budget at Los Alamos is about $2.1 billion. But the Senate usually puts more money into the bill, which pays for the U.S. Department of Energy and other projects, before haggling with the House over the final amount. “My prediction, without giving specifics, is we’re going to get some real relief in this bill,” U.S. Sen. Pete Domenici, R-N.M., said in a Monday news conference. U.S. Sen. Byron Dorgan, D-N.D., chairs the Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and has visited New Mexico with Domenici. Bingaman has also met with Dorgan. Dorgan’s subcommittee is scheduled to vote on the bill today, Domenici told radio reporters Monday. “I don’t believe we can possibly cut Los Alamos in the method, manner suggested by the U.S. House,” Domenici said. Those cuts would ruin the lab, he said. The House version of the appropriations bill zeroed out money for the Reliable Replacement Warhead program; eliminated a $95.5 million request to upgrade a nuclear chemistry building and cut about half the lab’s plutonium pit manufacturing budget request for the 2008 fiscal year. Pits are the triggers for nuclear warheads. Los Alamos is the only place in the country where new pits are built, lab officials have said. Overall, the House has proposed spending $5.9 billion on weapons activities nationwide, which is $396 million below 2007 and $632 million below the president’s 2008 budget request. Thirty-seven weapons programs would be cut nationwide. More money would be spent on renewable energy programs and nuclear nonproliferation. “New activities within the nuclear weapons program are not supported pending the establishment of a clear policy and plan for our strategic deterrent, while all efforts required to maintain the current stockpile of nuclear weapons as safe and reliable are continued,” U.S. Rep. Pete Visclosky, D-Ind., said in a statement. Visclosky chairs the House subcommittee that authored the appropriations bill. Greg Mello of the Los Alamos Study Group said he believes lab managers could avoid layoffs through retirements and other reforms if the budget was cut. “The economic impact of staff leaving, provided they can retire with benefits, will not be significant,” he said. Contact Andy Lenderman at 995-3827 or alenderman@sfnewmexican.com. Copyright 2007 The New Mexican, Inc. ***************************************************************** 38 Santa Fe New Mexican: Senate proposal would increase funding for LANL Tue Jun 26, 2007 10:59 pm By ANDY LENDERMAN | The New Mexican A key Senate subcommittee has moved to maintain funding to nuclear weapons programs — including funds for Los Alamos National Laboratory— that a U.S. House of Representatives committee has sought to cut. The Senate Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development has suggested spending $6.5 billion on nuclear weapons programs nationwide in the 2008 fiscal year, U.S. Sen. Pete Domenici’s office reports. That’s about the same as President Bush’s budget request for fiscal year 2008. In comparison, the House Appropriations Committee has suggested spending $5.9 billion on weapons programs in the 2008 fiscal year. That money would cover programs at Sandia, Los Alamos, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories. The Senate numbers represent an increase of $213 million above the 2007 fiscal year, according to Domenici’s office. The House numbers would represent a $396 million cut to weapons programs compared to the 2007 fiscal year. Both sides must come to an agreement later this year before sending the bill to the president. Specific numbers for Los Alamos National Lab’s budget — about $2.1 billion today — were not immediately available. The Senate subcommittee fully funded a $95.5 million request for a new nuclear chemistry building called the Chemistry and Metallurgy Facility, located at Los Alamos. The Senate also suggested spending $66 million on the Reliable Replacement Warhead program, which the House zeroed out for perceived lack of policy for the weapon. Copyright 2007 The New Mexican, Inc. ***************************************************************** 39 Tri-City Herald: DOE seeks bidders for $6.3 billion contract Published Tuesday, June 26th, 2007 ANNETTE CARY HERALD STAFF WRITER The Department of Energy released its request for bids Monday for an estimated $6.3 billion of cleanup work in central Hanford over a decade. The request for proposals due Sept. 21 requires that contractors give at least 17 percent of the work to small businesses. The new contractor could start work about Oct. 1, 2008, for a five-year period with a possible extension for five more years. The new contract would allow current workers who transfer to the new Plateau Remediation Contract to continue receiving the traditional Hanford pension and medical benefits. The requirement also would apply to workers who transfer to certain subcontractors. However, new employees would not be eligible for the traditional Hanford pension or medical coverage plan. They likely would receive a 401(k)-style retirement plan that would require them to manage contributions they and the contractor make. They also would receive a "market-based" health insurance policy that could offer benefits valued at no more than 5 percent more than comparable companies. Current workers would be given preference in hiring during the first six months of the contract. The new contract would cover much of the work now done by Fluor Hanford, other than site management work such as computer services, security and maintenance of roads and utilities. DOE plans to award three contracts to replace contracts held by Fluor Hanford and CH2M Hill Hanford Group that will expire at the end of September 2008. Fluor Hanford's work was divided into site management jobs, with that request for bids issued in May, and its central Hanford cleanup work. The third contract will cover work now done by CH2M Hill to manage Hanford's tank farms with 177 underground tanks holding 53 million gallons of radioactive and hazardous chemical waste. The request for bids has not been issued. The new contract for central Hanford cleanup would make some changes to the cleanup work assigned to Fluor under the current contract. Now Fluor retrieves temporarily buried transuranic waste -- typically debris that is contaminated with plutonium. It also tests the waste to determine if it is low level radioactive or transuranic waste and certifies the transuranic waste for shipment to a national repository, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico. Under the new contract, the characterization and certification of the waste would be done by a contractor for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant and only the retrieval of the waste would be done by the new Hanford contractor. The long-term shutdown of Hanford's Fast Flux Test Facility also has been removed from the work assigned to the new contractor. That work would have included removal of certain equipment and asbestos. Now the new contract would cover only long-term surveillance and maintenance. Although the contract does not say why less work would be done at FFTF, it is being proposed for a possible role in the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership, a program to recycle used fuel from commercial nuclear power plants. DOE also is reserving the possibility of having the new central Hanford cleanup contractor do work assigned to Washington Closure Hanford that may not be completed under its current seven-year contract. That includes cleanup of the 618-10 and 618-11 burial grounds, which hold Cold War research waste from the 300 Area just north of Richland. DOE has an option in its contract with Washington Closure for cleanup of those burial grounds but has not exercised it. The new central Hanford cleanup contractor also could operate the Environmental Restoration Disposal Facility, a low-level radioactive waste landfill, after Washington Closure completes cleanup of Hanford along the river and its contract expires. The new contractor also will do more work than earlier planned at Hanford's K East and K West reactors as difficulties getting sludge out of their basins has delayed cleanup work needed to be completed before Washington Closure takes over work in the reactor area. Although Washington Closure's contract calls for cocooning all nine of the production reactors along the Columbia River unless B Reactor is saved as a museum, its contract is expected to end before the K Reactors could be cocooned. In cocooning, reactors are torn down to little more than their radioactive cores, sealed up and reroofed to allow radioactivity to decay over 75 years. The new central Hanford cleanup contractor could be responsible for removing water from the K East Basin, demolishing both basins, cocooning both reactors and cleaning up the remainder of the area around the K reactors. "We're disappointed Washington Closure will not be doing the work, but we understand DOE's need to sequence the work in a manner that makes sense given the change in schedule," said Todd Nelson, spokesman for Washington Closure. Other work covered by the new contract would include cleanup of the Plutonium Finishing Plant and cleanup and protection of ground water. Teams of companies competing for the new contract will be required to propose they be paid a fee for the work of between 5 percent and 10 percent. The winning team will be picked based on its technical and management proposal, with cost being considered but carrying less weight. Factors carrying the most weight will be the technical and management approach, followed by organizational structure and key personnel. Next environment, safety, health and quality will be considered as one category, carrying equal weight with project management. Past performance and experience will carry less weight in picking a new contractor. A community commitment clause also has been added to the request for bids after the Tri-City Development Council raised the issue. The new contractor will be required to discuss issues and concerns with the public and interested groups and recognize that giving back to the Tri-City area is a worthwhile business practice. © 2007 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press & Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** 40 Tri-City Herald: Cost to clean up transuranic waste could be greater Published Tuesday, June 26th, 2007 ANNETTE CARY HERALD STAFF WRITER The cost of cleaning up buried radioactive waste at Hanford and other sites could be far greater than the Department of Energy's preliminary estimates, according to a Government Accountability Office report to Congress. The report also questions whether a national repository in New Mexico will be large enough to hold all the waste from the cleanup. The GAO compiled the report in response to questions from the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development about DOE's policy for waste sites where transuranic waste is buried. Transuranic waste typically is debris that is contaminated with plutonium or other man-made radionuclides that may remain radioactive for hundreds of thousands of years. Before 1970, transuranic waste was buried in unlined trenches. But that year Congress said that all transuranic waste must be sent to a national repository and some waste was temporarily buried until the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico was named the national repository. DOE's preliminary estimates put the cost of dealing with the waste once thought temporarily buried at $1.6 billion. But that estimate is based on plans at the Oak Ridge, Tenn., and Savannah River, S.C., nuclear sites where waste is not being dug up. Instead, a cap of earth, clay and synthetic liners is being placed over the burial grounds to keep out water that could spread contaminants deeper in the ground. But at Hanford, which has an estimated 52 percent of the nation's buried transuranic waste, some or much of the waste might be dug up at a far greater cost. The Environmental Protection Agency and the Washington state Department of Ecology have said that leaving transuranic waste in place under barriers may not provide adequate long-term protection for the environment and human health, according to the GAO. The Hanford Advisory Board has similar concerns. Although the GAO did not give a cost estimate for the Hanford waste, it did estimate that the cost of digging up all of the waste at Idaho could increase DOE's preliminary estimate there from $1 billion to about $8.2 billion. Idaho has about 29 percent of the nation's buried transuranic waste and some of it already is being dug up because of the danger it poses to the Snake River aquifer, a drinking water source. The GAO also is questioning whether the New Mexico repository is large enough to hold the buried transuranic waste if significant quantities are dug up at Hanford and Idaho. DOE has replied that it believes its five-year forecasting process shows the repository will be adequate. But GAO finds that the repository's obligations for transuranic waste temporarily buried after 1970, waste that may be generated during cleanup and obligations to Idaho could leave just 25,600 cubic meters available for disposal of other transuranic waste. However, if pre-1970 waste is exhumed, up to 85,000 additional cubic meters might need to be sent to a national repository, according to the GAO. At Hanford, decisions about what to do with the early waste are not expected to be made until 2013. © 2007 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press & Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** 41 Aiken Today: Group investigating SREL cuts delays meeting AikenStandard.com Tue, Jun 26, 2007 By JOSH VOORHEES Staff writer Questions surrounding the catalyst behind the impending closure of the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory will remain unanswered for at least a little longer. A congressional committee investigating drastic budget cuts aimed at the 56-year-old research facility has pushed back a hearing on the matter that had been tentatively scheduled for today. The U.S. House Committee on Science and Technology made the decision late last week to postpone the hearing in order to give staff more time to process the vast amount of records and information they have received related to the matter. While no new date has been set for the hearing, it is expected to be held some time in July. Chairmen of two science subcommittees first began their probe into the lab's reduced budget back in May. At that time, the committee requested a number of Department of Energy records dealing with the lab and its funding. Since the investigation began, the scope of the probe has widened to include records from both University of Georgia and SREL leadership. Late last year UGA and DOE officials signed a cooperative agreement that greatly reduced department funding for the lab for this fiscal year, and completely eliminated funding for future years. Lab proponents have argued that decision was akin to closing the doors on the facility. Committee members are seeking an explanation to the decision process that led to the termination of funding for the internationally-acclaimed research lab. Department officials have steadfastly maintained that it was understood by both the university and the lab that SREL was to become self-sustaining by seeking a variety of other grant-based funding. Laboratory officials have denied they made such a promise, and have said that they were operating under the understanding that they would receive more than twice the $1.8 million provided by the department for this year. Funding for the infrastructure of the lab ran out at the end of May, at which time the University of Georgia stepped in to provide minimum funding for the lab in hopes of keeping it afloat until the committee had a chance to complete its investigation. The ecological laboratory is a research unit of the University of Georgia and is located on the Savannah River Site. Throughout its history, it has received the bulk of its core funding from the Department of Energy. The lab has been responsible for monitoring the impact of the nuclear complex on the environment. Contact Josh Voorhees at jvoorhees@aikenstandard.com. © 2005 The AikenStandard. All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 42 Albuquerque Tribune: Senate committee restores lab funding Jennifer Talhelm/Associated Press Tuesday, June 26, 2007 WASHINGTON ? A week after the U.S. House agreed to deep budget cuts for Los Alamos National Laboratory, the lab got some good news. The Senate version of the same spending bill cut some nuclear weapons funding, but essentially left the lab's budget alone. Sen. Pete Domenici, R-N.M., said supporters of the northern New Mexico lab can breathe easier, but the bill still has to be approved by the full committee Thursday. Then the full Senate will take it up. The next serious fight is expected when the House and Senate meet in a conference committee later this year to hammer out a final bill. "If you add it all up, we couldn't have come out better, but let's be realistic," said Domenici, the senior Republican on the Senate Appropriations subcommittee for energy and water programs. The House cut $300 million of Los Alamos' current $2.2 billion budget as well as about $100 million from Albuquerque's Sandia National Laboratories. House lawmakers made it clear they were exasperated with years of security lapses, cost overruns and safety violations, especially at Los Alamos. They questioned whether Los Alamos lab, the birthplace of the atomic bomb, was too irresponsible to get so much federal funding. The most recent security concerns were reported in the last few weeks. The Energy Department has acknowledged e-mails containing highly classified information were sent by lab officials over an open network. Domenici praised senators for not trying to "get back at the laboratories," and not "playing games" with the National Nuclear Security Administration, which oversees the nation's nuclear weapons stockpile. The Senate version preserves money for the labs' core responsibilities, including monitoring the nuclear weapons stockpile, Domenici said. The bill also increases the budget for cleanup of lab property by $83 million to $222 million, which would allow Los Alamos to meet milestones set in an agreement with the state of New Mexico. It provides $45 million to consolidate 140 classified vaults into fewer than 10, a lab-initiated project Domenici said would help it better control security. The measure would provide an additiional $12 million to complete a program to reduce the potential for staffers to take classified material from the lab. The House bill took aim at a program to develop new nuclear warheads, which Los Alamos would have participated in with other labs. The Senate version also halts funding for all but a feasibility study of the warhead program. Sen. Byron Dorgan, D-N.D., who chairs the subcommittee, said the bill reflects the need to pause and decide what the future of the nation's weapons program should be before continuing to fund a new warhead. Sen. Jeff Bingaman, D-N.M., called the bill a "good starting point" as it moves to the full committee and then the Senate, where some changes are expected. "Most important is the fact that it maintains our existing stockpile stewardship program, which supports some of the most important work done at our two labs," Bingaman said. © 2007 The Albuquerque Tribune ***************************************************************** 43 NAS: Project: Development and Implementation of a Cleanup Technology Roadmap for DOE's Office of Environmental Management PIN: NRSB-O-06-03-A Major Unit: Division on Earth and Life Studies Sub Unit: Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board RSO: Crowley, Kevin Subject/Focus Area: Environmental Issue Project Scope A National Academies committee will provide technical and strategic advice to the DOE-EM's Office of Engineering and Technology to support the development and implementation of its cleanup technology roadmap. Specifically, the study will identify: o Principal science and technology gaps and their priorities for the cleanup program based on previous National Academies reports, updated and extended to reflect current site conditions and EM priorities and input form key external groups, such as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, Environmental Protection Agency, and state regulatory agencies. o Strategic opportunities to leverage research and development from other DOE programs (e.g., in the Office of Science, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, and the National Nuclear Security Administration), other federal agencies (e.g., Department of Defense, Environmental Protection Agency), universities, and the private sector. o Core capabilities at the national laboratories that will be needed to address EM's long-term, high-risk cleanup challenges, especially at the four laboratories located at the large DOE sites (Idaho National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and Savannah River National Laboratory). o The infrastructure at these national laboratories and at EM sites that should be maintained to support research, development, and bench and pilot scale demonstrations of technologies for the EM cleanup program, especially in radiochemistry. The committee will provide findings and recommendations, as appropriate, to EM on maintenance of core capabilities and infrastructure at national laboratories and EM sites to address its long-term, high-risk cleanup challenges. The project is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy. The approximate start date for the project is February 1, 2007. A report is expected to be released at the end of the project in approximately 16 months. Project Duration: 16 months Provide FEEDBACK on this project. Contact the Public Access Records Office to make an inquiry or to schedule an appointment to view project materials available to the public. Committee Membership Meetings Meeting 1 - 03/12/2007 Meeting 2 - 06/13/2007 Reports Reports having no URL can be seen at the Public Access Records Office Email: info@nas.edu ***************************************************************** 44 KOB.com: Senate bill protects funding for labs; future uncertain Posted at: 06/26/2007 04:12:58 PM By: The Associated Press WASHINGTON (AP) - A week after the U.S. House agreed to deep budget cuts for Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Senate Tuesday essentially left the lab's budget alone. New Mexico Republican U.S. Senator Pete Domenici says the bill will go before the full committee Thursday, then the full Senate will consider it. The next serious fight is expected when the House and Senate meet in a conference committee later this year to hammer out a final bill. The House cut $300 million from Los Alamos' current $2.2 billion budget. It also deleted about $100 million from Albuquerque's Sandia National Laboratories. The Senate version preserves money for both labs' core responsibilities and increases Los Alamos' cleanup budget. (Copyright 2007 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.) ***************************************************************** 45 KnoxNews: ORNL, UT get $125M bio-fuels center By ANDREW EDER, edera@knews.com June 26, 2007 A team headed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Tennessee has been selected by the Department of Energy to develop one of three U.S. bio-energy research centers. A press conference is scheduled for this afternoon at ORNL, with Gov. Phil Bredesen expected to be in attendance. The purpose of the research centers is to accelerate the development of cellulosic ethanol and other biofuels, according to a release from U.S. Sens. Lamar Alexander and Bob Corker and U.S. Rep. Zach Wamp, all Tennessee Republicans. The local bio-energy center will be located in Oak Ridge and led by Martin Keller, a microbiologist recently recruited to ORNL, according to the release. Most domestic ethanol today is made from corn, but cellulosic ethanol is made from other plant material. UT and ORNL have conducted research on converting energy crops like switchgrass and hybrid poplar trees to ethanol, which can be blended with gasoline to help reduce petroleum consumption. Each of the new bio-energy centers will receive $125 million in capital funding. The other centers are reportedly to be located in Madison, Wis., and near Berkeley, Calif. In addition to ORNL and UT, the Tennessee team will include Georgia Institute of Technology, the University of Georgia, Dartmouth University, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Colorado, the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation in Oklahoma, and three private companies ? ArborGen, Diversa and Mascoma. More details as they develop online and in Wednesday?s News Sentinel. Business writer Andrew Eder may be reached at 865-342-6318. Copyright 2007, Knoxville News Sentinel Co. ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************