***************************************************************** 01/23/07 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 15.18 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 [NYTr] Our Cooperation with IAEA Continues: Iran 2 Guardian Unlimited: Reports: Russia Fulfills Iran Missile Deal 3 New York Times: Iran Bars Inspectors; Cleric Criticizes President - 4 IRNA: Brzezinski slams Bush's "stupid" Iran policy 5 AFP: Iran dismisses nuclear sanctions as ineffective 6 AFP: Iran remains defiant on nuclear, flexes military muscles - 7 Guardian Unlimited: Korean Nuclear Envoys Meet in China 8 Korea Herald: Envoys from Koreas meet 9 AFP: Seoul asks Washington to ease sanctions on Pyongyang - reports 10 AFP: NKorea says positive US attitude may bring nuclear breakthrough 11 Guardian Unlimited: NKorea Envoy Upbeat on Meeting With Hill | 12 US: Columbus Free Press: 'Un-inventing nukes' 13 US: Idaho Press-Tribune: Craig counters Gore on warming 14 IPS-English CHINA: Intriguingly Silent on Star Wars Capability 15 Guardian Unlimited: Trident replacement 'premature' 16 BBC: Nuclear weapons plan 'premature' 17 Reuters: Post-war Lebanon faces major environmental harm-UN 18 Scotsman.com News: Glasgow - Doctors plan Trident protest at Faslane NUCLEAR REACTORS 19 US: NRC: NRC Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards to Meet Feb. 1 20 ForUm: Only Ukrainian wastes will be stored in Chornobyl zone 21 Sydney Morning Herald: Debnam remains firm on nuclear stance - 22 HindustanTimes.com: Russia to help India build N-facilities 23 US: NRC: Agency Holding the Meetings: Nuclear Regulatory Commission 24 BBC NEWS: Nuclear power climate change risk 25 US: Star Tribune: Monticello nuclear plant is up and running again 26 US: APP.COM: Turn up heat on nuke plant | 27 CANADA: Hamilton Spectator: Nuclear industry good for economy 28 National Post: Conservatives say nuclear power on the table 29 US: NRC: ACTION: Notice of pending NRC action to submit an informati 30 US: EnergyBiz Magazine: Nuclear Energy's Potential Comeback 31 AFP: Japan, China eye nuclear cooperation: report 32 AFP: General Electric interested in Lithuania nuke plant project - o 33 Telegraph: An eye-opener for the atomic world 34 FPON: On 'Glow-In-The-Dark' Energy 35 AFP: Russia to pitch for Indian nuclear market during Putin trip - 36 US: PRN: Key Facts About Nuclear Energy's Clean-Air Benefits 37 US: MarketWatch: What Bush has said on energy before - NUCLEAR SECURITY 38 Guardian Unlimited: China Denies Intent to Militarize Space NUCLEAR SAFETY 39 Police match image of Litvinenko's real assassin 40 iafrica.com: sa news Radiation-exposed workers to march 41 US: Las Vegas SUN: Judge moves 'Divine Strake' court hearing up to J 42 US: San Bernardino County Sun: Plutonium crash a wake-up call 43 US: Salt Lake Tribune: Speak out on bomb 44 US: Spectrum: Commission opposes Divine Strake 45 US: Daily Herald: Judge moves 'Divine Strake' court hearing up to Ja 46 Scotsman.com: A nuclear legacy of shame - and voices that won't fall 47 US: Deseret News: County joins foes of Divine Strake NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 48 reviewjournal.com: YUCCA MOUNTAIN: 'It may be time to stop digging' 49 US: AU ABC: States urged to drop uranium shipment bans 50 US: ENS: Geothermal Heat Mining Promises Abundant, Cheap Energy 51 US: Platts: NRC's McGaffigan says US should start over on waste disp 52 US: Patriot Ledger: Nuke board wont force Pilgrim plant to address 53 US: Rutland Herald: NRC dismisses spent fuel concerns 54 Herald: Dounreay Given Goahead To Construct 100m Plant To Deal With 55 Energy Daily: U.S. Should Rethink Yucca--Retiring NRC Commissioner - 56 Scotsman.com: 100m Dounreay waste store plan wins approval PEACE US DEPT. OF ENERGY 57 [NukeNet] New nuke plans are up in the air 58 DOE: DOE Announces $17 Million to Promote Greater Automobile Efficie 59 DOE: Statement from Energy Secretary Samuel W. Bodman on the 60 Hanford News: Truck carrying plutonium crashes 61 The Enquirer: Fernald cleanup leads to lawsuit 62 DOE: ACTION: Notice of Proposed Subsequent Arrangement. ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 [NYTr] Our Cooperation with IAEA Continues: Iran Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2007 17:18:45 -0600 (CST) X-Sender-Host-Name: chumbly.math.missouri.edu X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit Prensa Latina, Havana http://www.plenglish.com Iran: Cooperation with IAEA Continues Teheran, Jan 23 (Prensa Latina) Ali Lariyani, Iranian secretary of the National Security Council, affirmed on Tuesday that his country is cooperating with the International Atomic Energy Agency as established in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and other documents. Concerning Teheran s decision to deny entry to 38 IAEA inspectors on Monday, Lariyani explained that the country is following the non-proliferation treaty norms and that those officials continue with their controls on the nuclear plants and have not detected violations. He added that IAEA Director Mohamed El Baradei has repeatedly recognized that the Islamic Republic is working under NPT norms. hr ccs ymr jcd PL-37 * ================================================================ .NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems . Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us . .339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org .List Archives: https://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ .Subscribe: https://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================ ***************************************************************** 2 Guardian Unlimited: Reports: Russia Fulfills Iran Missile Deal From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday January 23, 2007 7:01 AM MOSCOW (AP) - Russia fulfilled a contract to sell air defense missiles to Iran, Russian news agencies quoted the head of the country's state-run weapons exporter as saying Tuesday. Russia fulfilled its contract obligations and ``completed in full the delivery of Tor M-1 missiles to Iran,'' ITAR-Tass quoted Rosoboronexport chief Sergei Chemezov as saying in Bangalore, India, where he was on a visit along with Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov. Defense Ministry officials previously said Moscow would supply 29 of the sophisticated missile systems to Iran under a $700 million contract signed in December 2005, according to Russian media reports. Ivanov said last week that at least some of the missiles had been sent, the first high-level confirmation that their delivery took place despite U.S. complaints. At the time, however, a ministry official speaking on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the subject said not all the systems contracted for had been delivered. There was no immediate explanation for the discrepancy. The U.S. last year called on all countries to stop all arms exports to Iran, as well as end all nuclear cooperation with it to put pressure on Tehran to halt uranium enrichment activities. Israel has also severely criticized arms deals with Iran. Russian officials say that the missiles are purely defensive weapons with a limited range and argue that the Tor-M1 deal, involving conventional weapons, does not violate any international agreements. Washington and its allies accuse Iran of secretly trying to develop atomic weapons. Tehran denies the allegation, insisting its nuclear activities are aimed only at producing energy. On Monday, Iran conducted missile tests and said it had barred 38 United Nations nuclear inspectors from entering the country. Blocking inspections apparently came in retaliation for a U.N. Security Council resolution last month imposing limited sanctions on Iran over its refusal to cease uranium enrichment, a process that can produce fuel for nuclear energy or bombs. Guardian Unlimited Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 3 New York Times: Iran Bars Inspectors; Cleric Criticizes President - James Hill for The New York Times Grand Ayatollah Hossein Ali Montazeri in 2005. He has said President Mahmoud Ahmadinejads attitude toward the West is provocative. By NAZILA FATHI Published: January 23, 2007 TEHRAN, Jan. 22 Iranis barring 38 nuclear agency inspectors from entering the country in retaliation for a United Nationsresolution aiming to curb Irans nuclear program, a senior Iranian lawmaker said Monday. The announcement came only days after Grand Ayatollah Hossein Ali Montazeri, Irans most senior dissident cleric, criticized President Mahmoud Ahmadinejads defiant stance against the West on the nuclear issue in a speech on Friday, calling it provocative. His comments were the first direct public attack on the presidents nuclear policy by such a senior cleric. The two developments suggest an increasingly open debate within Iran over how forcefully to confront the West over Irans nuclear ambitions, even as its government continues to defend them. Two hard-line newspapers, including one owned by the supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, have already called for the president to stay out of all nuclear matters. Ayatollah Montazeri said Iran has the right to nuclear technology but questioned the way Mr. Ahmadinejad has confronted the West. One has to deal with the enemy with wisdom, he said. We should not provoke the enemy, otherwise the country will be faced with problems. We should get our right in a way that it does not create problems or excuses for others, he said. Besides, is this our only irrefutable right and we have no other rights? he asked, referring to rising inflation since Mr. Ahmadinejad took office over a year ago. Ayatollah Montazeri was once in line to become Irans supreme religious leader, until he was banished and put under house arrest for his criticisms. His comments reflect the growing concern in Iran over additional economic sanctions if Iran continues to defy the international demand to halt its uranium enrichment program. The United Nations Security Councilpassed a resolution on Dec. 23 and imposed sanctions banning the trade of goods related to Irans nuclear program. It also gave Iran a deadline of two months to halt its uranium enrichment program or face tougher sanctions. In response, Parliament passed a bill last month calling for the government to limit its cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency. The committee has decided to bar 38 inspectors from coming to Iran and we have announced the new limitation to the agency, said Alaedin Boroujerdi, the head of Parliaments committee for foreign policy and national security, the ISNA news agency reported. The nuclear agencys inspectors visit Irans nuclear facilities regularly. But last summer Iran said that it had decided not to let some of the inspectors return. Still, Mr. Boroujerdi said that Iran planned to continue its cooperation with the agency, and that Iran would remain a party to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. An I.A.E.A. spokeswoman, Melissa Flemming, said that the agency was confident that it could continue to monitor Irans nuclear program. There are a sufficient number of inspectors designated for Iran, and the I.A.E.A. is able to perform its inspection activities in accordance with Irans Comprehensive Safeguard Agreement, she said in an agency statement. For his part, Mr. Ahmadinejad vowed again on Sunday that Iran would continue with its nuclear program, and brushed off the United Nations resolution as insignificant. In Brussels on Monday, European Unionforeign ministers called for all countries to enforce the sanctions against Iran. The British foreign secretary, Margaret Beckett, said a collective application of the sanctions was essential to keep pressure on Iran to accept the offer of the international community to come back to the negotiating table. European Union officials said they would apply the measures next month, including a ban on selling materials and technology that could be used in Irans nuclear and missile programs and the freezing of the assets of 10 Iranian companies and individuals. Germanys foreign minister, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, said it was time to take a tough and united stance on Iran but kept the option of diplomacy open. There is a need to send a clear signal, and we need to show resolve, he said. More Articles in NYTimes.com Copyright 2007The New York Times Company ***************************************************************** 4 IRNA: Brzezinski slams Bush's "stupid" Iran policy , Jan 23, IRNA Former US National Security advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski harshly criticized the Iran policy of US President George W Bush, branding it as "stupid and self-blinding," the Hamburg-based Die Welt newspaper reported in its Tuesday edition. Asked about Bush's refusal to hold direct talks with Iran on Iraq, Brzezinski replied: "Iran is in the region. It has legitimate interests in what is happening in Iraq. It is utterly absurd to adopt a position that the US has the the right to dictate what happens in Iraq, as if Iran has nothing to say." He added: "That is simply so stupid and self-blinding. It is difficult rationally to discuss. The point of the Baker-Hamilton Study Group was that we need to engage in talks with the countries of the region who have an interest in what happens in Iraq, even if their interests are not the same as America's." Brzezinski, who served as national security advisor to former US president Jimmmy Carter from 1977 to 1981, accused the Bush administration of being in "a state of self-denial" with regard to the ongoing political developments in the Middle East. The ex-US official has repeatedly urged direct negotiations between Washington and Tehran. ***************************************************************** 5 AFP: Iran dismisses nuclear sanctions as ineffective Tue Jan 23, 6:10 AM ET TEHRAN (AFP) - Iran" /> Iranhas dismissed UN sanctions imposed on its nuclear programme as ineffective, and vowed to continue its controversial nuclear work. "Such sanctions will have no effect on us," government spokesman Gholam Hossein Elham told reporters a day after the European Union" /> European Unioncalled for the full implementation of UN sanctions imposed on Iran for its refusal to suspend uranium enrichment. Uranium enrichment lies at the focus of fears over Tehran's nuclear ambitions, as the process can make the fissile core of an atom bomb as well as nuclear fuel. Elham said that Iran would press ahead with its nuclear fuel cycle work despite the sanctions. "This sanction does not affect our national will to complete the fuel cycle in order to meet industrial needs and the development of the country, which has started and will continue," he said Tuesday. In a new show of defiance Iran said on Monday it would block 38 International Atomic Energy Agency" /> International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA) inspectors from entering the country in reprisal for the sanctions. The Vienna-based IAEA said it was discussing the issue with Iran, but added that it could continue monitoring its nuclear facilities even without the presence of inspectors. Elham said on Tuesday, however, that Iran would "continue working with the IAEA" and advised European countries "not to take hasty decisions influenced by the Americans". On December 23 UN Security Council passed resolution 1737 imposing sanctions on Iran for its repeated refusal to cooperate fully with the UN atomic energy watchdog or to suspend uranium enrichment. Copyright 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 6 AFP: Iran remains defiant on nuclear, flexes military muscles - Tue Jan 23, 12:33 PM ET TEHRAN (AFP) - Iran" /> remained defiant on its nuclear programme, dismissing UN sanctions as ineffective as it fired off short-range missiles in a new round of military exercises. "Such sanctions will have no effect on us," government spokesman Gholam Hossein Elham Elham told reporters a day after the European Union" /> called for the full implementation of UN sanctions imposed on Iran for its refusal to suspend uranium enrichment. Uranium enrichment lies at the focus of fears over Tehran's nuclear ambitions, as the process can make the fissile core of an atom bomb as well as nuclear fuel. Elham said that Iran would press ahead with its nuclear fuel cycle work despite the sanctions. "This sanction does not affect our national will to complete the fuel cycle in order to meet industrial needs and the development of the country, which has started and will continue," he said. Iranian foreign ministry spokesman Mohammad Ali Hosseini described the EU move for applying the sanctions as "irrational" and advised the EU to distance itself from the United States. "It is deplorable that the European Union bases its certain irrational decisions on the unjust and unlawful resolution 1737. "The European Union should not link its vital interests in the region with America's provocative approaches," he said in a statement. In a new show of defiance Iran said on Monday it would block 38 International Atomic Energy Agency" /> (IAEA) inspectors from entering the country in reprisal for the sanctions. The Vienna-based IAEA said it was discussing the issue with Iran, but added that it could continue monitoring its nuclear facilities even without the presence of inspectors. Iran's top nuclear negotiator Ali Larijani insisted on Tuesday that "nothing especial has happened in our relations with the IAEA and our cooperation continues under the Non-Proliferation Treaty." On December 23, the UN Security Council passed resolution 1737 imposing sanctions on Iran banning transfer of material and technology to its nuclear and missile programmes over its refusal to suspend uranium enrichment. Oil-rich Iran says it only wants to enrich uranium for peaceful energy ends, vehemently denying charges that it seeks to secretly develop nuclear weapons. Iran's elite Revolutionary Guards meanwhile Tuesday fired off a number of short-range missiles during military exercises but played down the importance of the event, saying the weapons had been test-fired before. The tests come just days after Larijani said the armed forces were ready to face any threat to its nuclear installations amid speculation Washington may be planning a military strike. Zelzal missiles, which have a range of about 100 to 400 kilometres (60 to 250 miles), and Fajr 5, which can hit a target 70 kilometres (44 miles) away, were tested in war games held 140 kilometres (90 miles) southeast of the capital Tehran. "Although it is a limited war game, Western and some regional media, which are politically-motivated, exaggerated the dimensions of this specialist exercise," a statement by the Revolutionary Guards said, carried by the ISNA news agency. Iran has conducted a series of war games in the past year in its southern Gulf waters, showing off a wide range of home-grown military equipment and missiles. A top US official warned on Tuesday that Washington will not allow Iran to "control" the oil-rich Gulf as a second US aircraft carrier battle group steamed towards Gulf waters. Undersecretary of State Nicholas Burns said the United States was "not seeking a war" with Tehran and wanted a diplomatic solution to the standoff over the Iranian nuclear programme. But he ruled out negotiations with Iran unless it met the "international community request" to suspend uranium enrichment work. Copyright 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 7 Guardian Unlimited: Korean Nuclear Envoys Meet in China From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday January 23, 2007 7:46 AM AP Photo XED107 SEOUL, South Korea (AP) - North Korea's nuclear envoy said Tuesday there had been changes in the U.S. stance on his country's nuclear weapons program, a news report said Tuesday, brightening the prospect of progress in negotiations aimed at ending the communist regime's nuclear program. North Korean negotiator Kim Kye Gwan made the comments in regard to his talks last week with U.S. nuclear envoy Christopher Hill in Berlin, the South Korean Yonhap news agency reported. The North's Foreign Ministry earlier said the Berlin meeting produced an agreement but didn't elaborate. Kim's comments came after his meeting with his South Korean counterpart, Chun Yung-woo, in Beijing. Chun said there was a basis for making progress in the next round of nuclear disarmament talks, adding that he had a frank dialogue with Kim, Yonhap reported. The meeting between the two Koreas' top nuclear envoys is the latest in a series of talks between envoys from the countries involved - China, Japan, Russia, the U.S. and the two Koreas - aimed at setting a date for the resumption of wider negotiations on dismantling North Korea's nuclear programs. The last session of the talks in December, the first after the North's nuclear test, failed to make any progress. Officials have said they expect the negotiations to resume before mid-February. Guardian Unlimited Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 8 Korea Herald: Envoys from Koreas meet Chief nuclear negotiators from the two Koreas met in Beijing yesterday to discuss their positions ahead of nuclear talks which are likely to resume soon. South Korea's Chun Yung-woo and North Korea's Kim Kye-gwan met for lunch in the Chinese capital, where the 3-year-old six-party negotiations are held. They had separately met Chinese counterpart Wu Dawei earlier. The Beijing meetings followed heavy diplomacy by the two key players, the United States and North Korea, last week. U.S. chief negotiator Christopher Hill met his North Korean counterpart in Berlin then visited South Korea, Japan and China. Kim, after talking with Hill, visited Russia and China, meeting all the other chief negotiators except for Japan's Kenichiro Sasae. Sasae is to arrive in Beijing today to meet Wu. North Korea reportedly agreed to discuss implementing the first stage of its denuclearization when the official negotiations resume, putting aside its prior demand to solve the issue of U.S. financial sanctions first. The United States offered a broad implementation proposal to North Korea during the last round of six-way talks in December. The proposal reportedly includes a first-stage agreement on how to implement the Sept. 19, 2005, Joint Statement on an action-to-action principle. North Korea suggested meeting with the United States in Berlin with a "certain response" to Washington's proposal, according to sources. Kim, after meeting Chun, told reporters that there was a change in the U.S. position regarding North Korea's nuclear program. He did not elaborate further. Sources say the next round of the six-party talks is most likely to open in the week of Feb. 5. News reports from Japan said financial officials from the United States and North Korea could meet for the second time between today and next Monday. The U.S. State Department said no venue or date had been agreed yet. North Korea's frozen Banco Delta Asia accounts due to measures by Washington against currency counterfeiting have been the key sticking point in the nuclear negotiations. The next round of talks is likely to open with optimism for substantial agreement as both the United States and North Korea appear openly positive. Upon returning from the Berlin talks, North Korea had said there had been "certain agreement." Hill had said North Korea was "absolutely" prepared to return to the negotiations. South Korean Foreign Minister Song Min-soon described the next round of talks as the "first chapter of act two in a three-act drama." He referred to the agreement on the Joint Statement as act one. The first chapter of the second act would involve agreeing on the first-stage implementation measures, detailing the implementation schedule and entering the implementation stage, he said. (angiely@heraldm.com) By Lee Joo-hee 2007.01.24 ***************************************************************** 9 AFP: Seoul asks Washington to ease sanctions on Pyongyang - reports - Mon Jan 22, 10:13 PM ET SEOUL, Jan 23, 2007 (AFP) - South Korea" /> South Koreahas told the United States that some of the frozen North Korean accounts in a Macau bank are from legitimate business and should be unblocked, news reports said Tuesday. North Korea" /> North Koreainsists its accounts be unfrozen before any more multinational talks are held on dismantling its nuclear weapons programme. Chosun Ilbo newspaper quoted an unidentifed high-ranking source in Washington as saying that South Korea asked the United States to consider unfreezing at least five of the 50 accounts with Banco Delta Asia (BDA). Yonhap news agency also said on Monday that top South Korean officials have told US counterparts that five to seven of the BDA accounts are legitimate. "This means that as far as we've confirmed, those accounts have nothing to do with drug trafficking, money-laundering or counterfeit dollars," the source was quoted as saying by Chosun. "Releasing money in those accounts from the freeze is aimed at saving North Korea's face in order to encourage it to proceed with the six-party talks," the source said. The talks that began in 2003 and reached a tentative deal in September 2005 have failed to bring any tangible progress. Pyongyang insists that a US blacklist, which led to a freeze of its Macau accounts and others in Asia, be withdrawn. The US has said the matter is a law enforcement issue aimed at curbing the North's counterfeiting of dollars and is unrelated to the six-party talks. Chosun quoted Kim Kye-Gwan, North Korea's chief delegate to the six-party talks, as saying he and his US counterpart Christopher Hill made progress on the bank issue in talks in Berlin last week. "When we say progress, it includes the financial sanctions, of course," Kim reportedly told journalists in Moscow. "(The result of the Berlin talks) was okay with us as we have agreed that the US side must not shun the issue (when the six-party talks resume)." Hill said on Monday in Tokyo that host China is expected to announce the date for a new round this week. Copyright 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 10 AFP: NKorea says positive US attitude may bring nuclear breakthrough Tue Jan 23, 6:26 AM ET BEIJING (AFP) - A top North Korean envoy has said that a welcome change in attitude by the United States in nuclear negotiations could lead to initial steps in dismantling Pyongyang's weapons programme. "There was a positive change in the American side's attitude," Japan's Jiji press quoted Pyongyang's top nuclear negotiator, Kim Kye-Gwan, as saying in Beijing Tuesday. Kim was referring to rare one-on-one talks held last week in Berlin with his US counterpart, Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill, which focused on the nuclear dispute. "I am satisfied (with the talks)," he said. When asked if the next round of six-nation talks on North Korea" /> 's nuclear weapons programme would lead to implementation of some initial steps agreed to in the forum in September 2005, Kim responded affirmatively. "We are working hard at the moment to create that possibility," he said. The Stalinist regime stunned the world last October when it tested a nuclear device for the first time, triggering global condemnation and UN sanctions but also adding urgency to efforts to resume stalled disarmament talks. North Korea had agreed in the September 2005 pact to dismantle its nuclear programme in return for diplomatic recognition and food and energy aid, but it was never implemented because Pyongyang later walked out in protest at US financial sanctions. The six-nation talks, which began in 2003, involve hosts China, the United States, the two Koreas, Japan and Russia. Kim met with South Korea" /> 's envoy to the talks, Chun Yung-Woo, in Beijing on Tuesday. Hill, who departed Beijing on Monday after briefing his Chinese counterparts on the Berlin meeting, said he expected China to announce the next round of six-party talks by the end of this week. On Tuesday, China's foreign ministry spokesman said no date for resumption of the talks had been decided, but urged all sides to maintain constructive efforts. "All sides have agreed to resume the six-party talks as soon as possible and China is actively making preparations for the resumption," Liu said. "All sides should adopt a constructive attitude, an attitude that is beneficial for pushing forward the Korean Peninsula nuclear problem through peaceful dialogue." Copyright 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 11 Guardian Unlimited: NKorea Envoy Upbeat on Meeting With Hill | From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday January 23, 2007 11:01 AM AP Photo XED107 By AUDRA ANG Associated Press Writer BEIJING (AP) - North Korea's nuclear envoy suggested Tuesday that Pyongyang could soften its approach to the six-party talks seeking to convince the communist nation to halt its nuclear weapons program, while also sounding upbeat about a recent meeting with U.S. officials. North Korean negotiator Kim Kye Gwan made the comments to reporters after a bilateral meeting with his South Korean counterpart Chun Yung-woo in Beijing, South Korea's Yonhap news agency reported. When asked if North Korea's demands that have contributed to the nuclear talks being stalled might change, Kim said: ``Doesn't everything change?'' Asked to describe his feelings about a meeting last week in Germany with American nuclear envoy U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill, Kim said: ``I am satisfied.'' He also described a change in the U.S. attitude as ``positive,'' but did not give details. The North's Foreign Ministry has said without elaborating that the meeting in Germany produced an agreement. The hard-line communist North had refused during six-nation talks in December to engage in any discussion of its nuclear program and repeated a demand for the U.S. to lift economic sanctions it leveled against the North before doing so. The U.S. had accused a Macau-based bank of being complicit in the North's alleged counterfeiting of $100 bills and money laundering, leading the bank to freeze North Korean assets worth about $24 million. The South Korean nuclear envoy said after meeting Kim that there was a basis for making progress in the next round of nuclear disarmament talks, Yonhap reported. The meeting is the latest in a series of exchanges between representatives from the countries involved in the six-party talks - China, Japan, Russia, the U.S. and the two Koreas - aimed at setting a date for the resumption of wider negotiations on dismantling North Korea's nuclear program. China's envoy Wu Dawei, who has spoken with Hill, Kim and Chun, will also meet Japan's representative Kenichiro Sasae on Wednesday, said Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao. Beijing is expected to announce a date for new talks soon, but Liu said Tuesday it hadn't been fixed yet. ``We believe these meetings and talks are good for the next phase of the six-party talks,'' Liu said at a regular press briefing. ``The relevant parties are hoping for the early resumption of the talks.'' He said China hoped for progress on implementing a September 2005 joint statement - the only one ever reached at the talks - in which the North pledged to disarm in exchange for security guarantees and aid. Also Tuesday, Japan's Foreign Minister said he believes the disarmament negotiations must address specific steps to end the North's nuclear program or they will be ``meaningless.'' The last session of the talks in December, the first after the North testes a nuclear bomb on Oct. 9, failed to make any progress. Officials have said they expect the negotiations to reconvene before mid-February. Hill wrapped up a week of shuttle diplomacy on Monday in Beijing and said he believed there was ``a basis for making progress'' when negotiators meet again. --- Associated Press Writers Kwang-tae Kim in Seoul and Carl Freire in Tokyo contributed to the report. Guardian Unlimited Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 12 Columbus Free Press: 'Un-inventing nukes' Departments National Issues by Robert C. Koehler January 22, 2007 Ever notice how we're always getting the "done deal" treatment from the powers that be? We blunder into Iraq on lies and inanities and suddenly, you know, the proprietors of the Pottery Barn step out from behind the counter and inform us: "You break it, you bought it." And so we have no choice, apparently, but to keep on stomping our unintended purchase with a mad frenzy - that is to say, allowing the same swaggering blunderers who precipitated the disaster to do more of the same, except at greater cost and with more collateral damage. The only logic here is the self-perpetuating logic of incompetence. This becomes our foreign policy: a fait accompli sinkhole. Thus temporary necessity is the fallback justification for every initiative that pushes against conscience and sanity, however permanent the ramifications. Nowhere is this more evident than in the nuclear weapons industry, which has managed to remain viable and prosperous a generation after the Cold War ended. Its latest ploy is to develop something called the Reliable Replacement Warhead, a $100 billion program to modernize the U.S. nuclear arsenal. "While the program has gotten very little attention here, it is a public-relations disaster in the making overseas," the New York Times editorialized this week. "Suspicions that the United States is actually trying to build up its nuclear capabilities are undercutting Washington's arguments for restraining the nuclear appetites of Iran and North Korea." Against such basic arguments, defenders invoke the done deal. Gen. James E. Cartwright, head of U.S. Strategic Command, put it as simply as possible: "We will not 'un-invent' nuclear weapons," he recently told the Times. In other words, sorry, peaceniks, you're too late. From this observation everything flows, including a multibillion-dollar "make-work program championed by the weapons laboratories," as the paper of record called the Reliable Replacement Warhead Program. Meanwhile, the editorial board of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists just moved its Doomsday Clock, which has been graphically representing humanity's state of danger from self-annihilation since 1947, forward by two minutes, to five minutes till midnight. "We stand at the brink of a second nuclear age," the board members' statement reads. "Not since the first atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki has the world faced such perilous choices. North Korea's recent test of a nuclear weapon, Iran's nuclear ambitions, a renewed U.S. emphasis on the military utility of nuclear weapons, the failure to adequately secure nuclear materials, and the continued presence of some 26,000 nuclear weapons in the United States and Russia are symptomatic of a larger failure to solve the problems posed by the most destructive technology on Earth." As Gen. Cartwright says, we can't "un-invent" nuclear weapons, but by no means does carte blanche, unimpeded weapons development follow as the only possible option. Our only hope as a species is to rise above this invention and redefine ourselves as less fearfully impulsive and short-sighted than has heretofore been the case. This is a tall order when so many powerful people have a stake in our fearful short-sightedness. A massive reinvestment in our nuclear arsenal is more than just "hypocritical," as the Times put it. "It's insanity." This was the assessment last week of Iris Mortensen, as reported in the Salt Lake Tribune. Mortensen, widow of a veterinarian and one of the "downwinders" - folks living downwind of the Nevada Test Site who were exposed to cancer-causing radiation during the glory days of nuclear testing there in the 1950s and '60s - was among those who voiced never-again anger when the Defense Threat Reduction Agency came to St. George, Utah, to sell the locals on an above-ground test, known as Divine Strake, the Bush administration wants to conduct at the site. This 700-ton "sub-nuclear" blast, which would raise a 10,000-foot mushroom cloud over Las Vegas and quite likely stir up contaminated ground, has generated fierce opposition in one of the most conservative corners of the country for more than a year, from people who know the true cost - their own health, and that of their loved ones - of our WMD program. Last summer, the agency, in the face of opposition from across the political spectrum, postponed the test. Now they're back with a slicker power-point program, but the firestorm of opposition is not going to abate, Preston Truman, director of Downwinders United, told me. At five minutes to midnight, people are taking a stand. Maybe we can't "un-invent" nuclear weapons, but we can reinvent citizenship and insist on a sane self-defense policy. --- Robert Koehler, an award-winning, Chicago-based journalist, is an editor at Tribune Media Services and nationally syndicated writer. You can respond to this column at bkoehler@tribune.com or visit his Web site at commonwonders.com. 2007 Tribune Media Services, Inc. 1240 Bryden Road Columbus, Ohio 43209 Ph/Fx 614.253.2571 Email truth@freepress.org'] The Columbus Free Press ***************************************************************** 13 Idaho Press-Tribune: Craig counters Gore on warming Vance Green / IPT Former Vice President Al Gore speaks with reporters before giving his keynote speech Monday night at Taco Bell Arena in Boise. Posted: Tuesday, January 23, 2007 10:47 AM EST Politics: Idaho senator says technology, not regulations, can combat climate change By Mike Butts - Idaho Press-Tribune BOISE  Idaho U.S. Sen. Larry Craig has a message for Al Gores eager Idaho audience: Be skeptical about the former vice presidents viewpoint. Craig held a counter-Gore press conference Monday at the Boise Airport on his way back to Washington, D.C. The Republican senator welcomed Gores visit and supported the publics interest in Gores speech at Boise State University. But he refuted what he called the former vice presidents proposal to turn the lights out and shut the world down to fight global warming. They better listen very, very closely to the message involved, Craig said of Gores audience. Its really an old message in a new wrapper. Craig said new technology and incentives for new technology can offset global warming. Policies proposed by Gore and the Kyoto Protocol, a controversial global plan to fight climate change, would do harm by putting government restrictions on energy use and supplies, he said. Craig added that he believes it remains uncertain whether global warming is a normal cycle or man made. As Al Gore prepared to present his views Monday in Boise on global warming, Idaho Sen. Larry Craig criticized the former vice president for his work to kill the use of nuclear energy. It is the cleanest form of energy and it is what the world is turning to today, Craig said. Craig said used copies of Gores 1992 environmental treatise Earth in the Balance could be had for 5 cents and the controversial Kyoto Protocol is destined to be forgotten. The Kyoto Protocol is an agreement made under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in which countries commit to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The United States has neither ratified nor withdrawn from the protocol. President Bush also opposes the treaty, saying it is flawed and would put undue strain on the economy. Republicans in the Senate, including Craig, have voiced similar objections. By 2012 Kyoto will be simply a footnote in history because nobody will be able to comply with it, Craig said. Craig said hype over Gores documentary An Inconvenient Truth has spurred interest in the former presidential candidates views. But he said some people went to see him in Boise because they were curious about climate change, and not necessarily because they believe his theories. Craig wasnt the only one taking shots at Gore Monday. Conservative Christian group the Idaho Values Alliance released a statement calling Gores point of view bad science. Copyright 2007 Idaho Press-Tribune. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 14 IPS-English CHINA: Intriguingly Silent on Star Wars Capability Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2007 14:49:52 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (192.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST ROMAIPS AP WD DV IP SC=20 CHINA: Intriguingly Silent on Star Wars Capability Antoaneta Bezlova BEIJING, Jan 23 (IPS) - China's furtive attitude regarding its growing mi= litary capability has rekindled an on-off international debate about whet= her its military is a paper tiger or a real power to reckon with in Asia = and beyond.=20 Despite a chorus of concern from Tokyo to Canberra and Washington over Ch= ina's satellite-killing missile test reported by the United States intell= igence agencies earlier this month -- the first such experiment in more t= han 20 years -- Beijing has declined to explain the motives behind the te= st.=20 The test is significant because it shows that China has now mastered key = technology to track and destroy spy satellites operated by other nations.= Beijing could use this =91space control' as a leverage to help project i= ts growing power in the region and beyond.=20 The shooting down of an old weather satellite with a ground-based ballist= ic missile took place on Jan. 12, according to U.S. reports, scattering d= ebris that could potentially damage other satellites, as they remain circ= ling in orbit for years.=20 Because of its potential to ignite an arms race in space, the incident ha= s sparked frenzy in the international media. Chinese official press thoug= h, carried no reports of it, or the controversy that ensued. The Chinese = Foreign Ministry has denied knowledge of the test but stressed that Beiji= ng supported the peaceful use of space.=20 =94What I can say is that as a matter of principle, China opposes the wea= ponisation of space, and also opposes any form of arms race,=94 Foreign M= inistry spokesman Liu Jianchao told reporters during a Chinese New Year r= eception, last week.=20 Security experts believe China's military is at least two decades behind = that of the U.S. and other western powers in terms of technology and abil= ity to coordinate joint operations of its forces. Beijing has made clear = its intentions of transforming the People's Liberation Army (PLA) into a = modern military force and has revved up arms purchases to narrow the gap.= =20 The size of the force has fallen dramatically, from some 4 million soldie= rs in the late 1970s to 2.3 million in the end of 2005. Defence spending = in 2006 totalled 36.3 billion US dollars, up 14.7 percent from the year b= efore, meaning it grew faster than China's booming economy.=20 While few dispute the need for China to step up military expenditure so t= hat its military power reflects the country's overall growth, what puzzle= s defence analysts is Beijing's lack of transparency surrounding this mil= itary rise. U.S. defence-policy makers contend secrecy shrouds everything= about the People's Liberation Army -- from its annual defence budget to = its long-term intentions.=20 The Pentagon annual report last year asserted that China's defence spendi= ng is two to three times higher than the official government estimates of= 36 billion dollars. It called on China to share more information about t= he state of its army modernisation. =94Absent greater transparency, inter= national reactions to China's military growth will understandably hedge a= gainst theses unknowns,=94 the report said.=20 Beijing however, dismisses such criticism saying the U.S. feels intimidat= ed by China's economic and military rise and wants to keep it in check. I= n a special defence paper published last month Beijing argued that =94heg= emonism and power politics=94 were behind the resurrection of =94China th= reat=94 in recent years.=20 =94A small number of countries have stirred up a racket about a =91China = threat' and intensified their preventive strategy against China=94 in an = effort to =94hold its progress in check=94, the paper said.=20 Some defence analysts suggest the sole purpose of Pentagon's annual repor= ts on China's military is to justify the sale of sophisticated weaponry t= o Taiwan.=20 =94Because Taipei has stalled on the U.S. arms purchase bill now for a lo= ng time, the Pentagon feels annoyed and in need to warn that the balance = of power has shifted in favour of mainland China,=94 Jin Yinan, expert wi= th the China Defence University said.=20 China claims the island as part of its territory despite the fact that Ta= iwan has been in essence independent for nearly 60 years. Opposing the pr= o-independence forces in Taiwan remains the key aim of the People's Liber= ation Army. The PLA's efforts to build an aircraft carrier and deploy mor= e short-range missiles along its east coast are focused on preventing a f= ormal declaration of Taiwan independence and on achieving the ability to = take the island by force.=20 After the satellite-destroying test Taiwan questioned Beijing's commitmen= t to keeping peace in space and said the number of mainland missiles aime= d at the island stood at 900.=20 =94This action is bad for regional security,' cabinet spokesman Cheng Wen= -tsang was quoted as saying on Monday. =94This does not fit with communis= t China's =91peaceful rise'. They say one thing and do another.=94=20 The different messages from Beijing's civilian and military leaders on si= gnificant issues like nuclear policy are only heightening global concerns= about the ramifications of China's economic and military rise.=20 While China's top diplomats have tried to present the country as a benign= power that, in pointed contrast with the U.S., is committed to a multi-p= olar world and has only goodwill towards other nations, China's military = leaders have been more assertive about Beijing's need to broaden its stra= tegic reach.=20 In the white defence paper last month Beijing said it is pursuing a road = to =94peaceful development' but stressed that the country's military powe= r should increase in =94step=94 with its expanding economy in order to pr= otect China's increasingly global interests.=20 The satellite-killing test comes at a time when China and the U.S. are de= bating space nuclear policy at the United Nations. Last year U.S. Preside= nt George W. Bush signed an order asserting the right of the U.S. to deny= adversaries access to space for hostile purposes. Beijing's test, which = was carried without an advance warning or explanation, has been received = as an indirect challenge to U.S. supremacy in space.=20 =94We're looking for greater understanding of exactly what their intent w= as, what the specifics were surrounding this test, as well as any program= s they may have to conduct future such tests,=94 U.S. State Department sp= okesman Steve McCormack was quoted as saying in Washington on Monday.=20 =94The bottom line is we encourage them to be more forthcoming, more tran= sparent with respect to not only this test but also their space programme= ,=94 McCormack said. (END/IPS/AP/IP/WD/DV/SC/AB/RDR/07) =20 =3D 01231617 ORP005 NNNN ***************************************************************** 15 Guardian Unlimited: Trident replacement 'premature' Ian Sample Wednesday January 24, 2007 Plans to replace Britain's ailing Trident nuclear deterrent were branded "premature and wasteful" yesterday by a leading US nuclear expert, who claimed that delaying the decision for 15 years would save 5bn. Inexpensive engine repairs to the four Vanguard-class submarines that carry Trident missiles could extend the vessels' active service by 10 to 15 years, according to Professor Richard Garwin, former chair of the US government's science advisory committee and consultant to the nuclear weapons programme. He added that this would maintain the deterrent while saving funds for other projects and safeguarding flexibility to choose an alternative beyond 2035. Giving evidence to the defence select committee yesterday, Prof Garwin claimed that pressure to commission a fleet of submarines was rooted in the shipbuilding industry's urge to land lucrative contracts. "If Britain wants to preserve a strategic nuclear choice, then taking a decision now to replace the Trident submarines is a highly premature and wasteful approach. Unless some grave error has been made in the design of the Vanguard, it should last 100 years," he said. According to a government white paper published last month, the steam generators in the Vanguard submarines are nearing the end of their 25 year life. Building a fleet of submarines and refurbishing the nuclear warheads has been estimated to cost 20bn, but that amount is expected to double over the lifetime of the system. [UP] Guardian Unlimited Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 16 BBC: Nuclear weapons plan 'premature' Last Updated: Tuesday, 23 January 2007 [HMS Vanguard] Trident is a submarine-based nuclear weapons system Moves to replace Britain's nuclear submarine fleet are "highly premature", an American expert has told MPs. Tony Blair says a decision has to be taken now to develop new submarines carrying the Trident missiles, as they are due to be decommissioned in 2024. But Richard Garwin, who worked on the design of the first hydrogen bomb, said they could keep going into the 2030s. "I think the government is hastening into this decision before the facts are really available to it," he said. Mr Blair has said it would be "dangerous" for the UK to give up its nuclear weapons and wants to develop a new generation of submarines. Lifetime extended He said even if their working life is extended by five years, it will take 17 years to design and build new craft. MPs will vote on the plans in March. But Dr Garwin told the Commons Defence Select Committee that US Trident submarines, which spend more time at sea than their UK equivalents, had had their lifetime extended to 45 years. TRIDENT MISSILE SYSTEM [Trident] Missile length: 44ft (13m) Weight: 130,000lb (58,500kg) Diameter: 74 inches (1.9m) Range: More than 4,600 miles (7,400km) Power plant: Three stage solid propellant rocket Cost: 16.8m ($29.1m) per missile Source: Federation of American Scientists [ border=] How Trident works "I would expect that the UK submarines, from the point of view of wear-out, would last 100 years," he said. "I see no reason why they shouldn't last 45 years." Dr Garwin has advised the US government on national security since the 1950s and chaired the State Department's Arms Control and Non-proliferation Advisory Board. He said the submarines' steam generators would not keep going for 45 years, but could easily be replaced, much more cheaply than the 15-20bn the Ministry of Defence estimates the new vessels will cost. Liberal Democrat defence spokesman Nick Harvey said Dr Garwin's comments added weight to his party's position. "We must not rush to a decision just to secure Blair's political legacy. The wise and cost-effective solution is to take a final decision only when it becomes operationally necessary," he said. Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament chairwoman, Kate Hudson, added: "We strongly encourage MPs to question the urgency of the Government's decision. "Any decision made now will commit the UK to possessing nuclear weapons for many decades to come." ***************************************************************** 17 Reuters: Post-war Lebanon faces major environmental harm-UN Tue 23 Jan 2007 7:00 AM ET BERLIN, Jan 23 (Reuters) - Unexploded cluster bombs and factories contaminated with toxic chemicals after last year's conflict between Israel and Hezbollah pose major environmental risks to Lebanon, the United Nations said on Tuesday. A new report by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) warned that if it fails to act quickly to remove the debris, Lebanon will face serious public health hazards, including water supply contamination. Unexploded cluster bombs are a particular risk, especially in the south of the country where large areas of economically important agricultural land have become no-go areas for farmers. "Valuable pasture lands have been rendered out of bounds which will likely lead to overgrazing in accessible areas and habitat degradation," says the report, adding that some 90 percent of southern Lebanon's population depends on agriculture. De-mining could take up to 15 months, it added. The report also recommended further investigations to check and remove highly radioactive materials in some areas. In addition, many bomb-damaged factories, including the Jiyeh power plant south of Beirut, were contaminated with toxic substances, said the U.N. "Urgent action is needed to remove and safely dispose of such substances which include ash and leaked chemicals amid concerns they represent a threat to water supplies and public health," said the report. UNEP Executive Director Achim Steiner urged world nations, including those attending a Lebanon reconstruction meeting in Paris this week, to consider the environment in their talks. The UNEP report was based on research carried out by 12 environmental experts last September and October. Some 1,200 Lebanese, mostly civilians, and 157 Israelis, most of them soldiers, were killed in fighting which started in July 2006. Reuters 2007. All Rights ***************************************************************** 18 Scotsman.com News: Glasgow - Doctors plan Trident protest at Faslane The Scotsman" />Tue 23 Jan 2007 DOCTORS and other health workers are set to protest outside the Faslane naval base in opposition to the government's plans to replace the Trident nuclear missile programme. A group of about 30 health professionals will gather at the Clyde base on Thursday and Friday, saying it is "illegal, immoral and unethical" to possess such weapons. The doctors, led by Dr Lesley Morrison from the Borders, are prepared to face arrest if police attempt to clear the blockade. Dr Morrison said: "The prevention of nuclear war and the proliferation of nuclear weapons should be a matter of concern to all health professionals." 2007 Scotsman.com| contact| terms & conditions ***************************************************************** 19 NRC: NRC Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards to Meet Feb. 1-3 in Rockville, Maryland News Release - 2007-00 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs Telephone: 301/415-8200 Washington, DC 20555-0001 E-mail: opa@nrc.gov No. 07-009 January 23, 2007 The Nuclear Regulatory Commissions Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS) will hold a public meeting Feb. 1-3 in Rockville, Md., to discuss, among other items, the final review of the 5 percent power uprate application for Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant Unit 1. Portions of this discussion may be closed to protect proprietary information. The committee will also perform the final review of the license renewal application for the Oyster Creek Generating Station. The meeting will be held in Room T-2B3 of the agencys Two White Flint North building, at 11545 Rockville Pike. It will begin at 8:30 a.m. each day and end at 7 p.m. on Thursday and Friday and at 1 p.m. on Saturday. A complete agenda is available on the NRCs Web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/acrs/agenda/2007/. Anyone with questions or those wishing to make public statements during the meeting should contact Sam Duraiswamy at 301-415-7364. To pursue videoconferencing services, contact Theron Brown at 301-415-8066. The ACRS advises the Commission on licensing and operation of nuclear power plants and related safety issues. ----------------------------------------------------------------- NRC news releases are available through a free list server subscription at the following Web address: http://www.nrc.gov/public-involve/listserver.html. The NRC Home Page at www.nrc.gov also offers a Subscribe to News link in the News & Information menu. E-mail notifications are sent to subscribers when news releases are posted to NRC's Web Site. Last revised Tuesday, January 23, 2007 ***************************************************************** 20 ForUm: Only Ukrainian wastes will be stored in Chornobyl zone [ForUm] Wednesday, News / 23 January 2007 | 11:24 Only Ukrainian wastes will be stored in Chornobyl zone In Chernobyl estrangement zone at the expense of international technical help number of objects on handling with radioactive wastes of Chernobyl origin and waste nuclear fuel of Chernobyl Nuclear Power-Station is constructed. One of such objects is storehouse of wasted nuclear fuel (SWNF-2). The French company Areva/Framatome and American company Holtec International are participating in its construction. It should be noted that SWNF is intended for long term secure storage of waste nuclear fuel exceptionally of Chernobyl Nuclear Power-Station. Holtec International is planned to complete its construction and set it into operation. As for construction in the estrangement zone of storehouse for waste nuclear fuel of other Nuclear Power-Stations of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada makes a decision on allocation and construction, according to the law of Ukraine. At present the construction of such storehouses is not planned. The Emergency Ministry of Ukraine didnt receive any considerations on allocation of such object in the estrangement zone yet. ForUm [ ] [ ] All rights are reserved by LTD. Inter-Media, ForUm 2001-2007 ***************************************************************** 21 Sydney Morning Herald: Debnam remains firm on nuclear stance - www.smh.com.au January 23, 2007 - 11:39AM NSW opposition leader Peter Debnam has reiterated his opposition to nuclear power in the state, despite a young Liberal push to endorse it. The NSW branch of the Young Liberals has put forward a nuclear power policy for debate at the national Young Liberals convention in Melbourne at the weekend. It has urged the federal government to not take any action on global warming until there is "conclusive scientific evidence" and says nuclear power is a "clean alternative energy source". Mr Debnam said he remained fundamentally opposed to nuclear energy in NSW. "I've made my statement on the nuclear energy a number of times over the last year, I've ruled it out in NSW, it's not going to happen," Mr Debnam told reporters. "I'm looking at new energy sources not old - nuclear technology is 50 years old, we want to move forward." Mr Debnam also rejected the NSW branch's proposal to raise the pension age to 70 years, but welcomed the divergence in opinion from the Young Liberals, saying it was important to debate policy issues. 2007 AAP Brought to you by [aap] ***************************************************************** 22 HindustanTimes.com: Russia to help India build N-facilities January 23, 2007|22:57 IST We will directly help India build N-facilities: Putin Press Trust of India Ahead of his visit to New Delhi, President Vladimir Putin has disclosed that Russia will help India "directly" in the construction of atomic energy facilities, declaring, "We stand ready to support our Indian friends." Cooperation in the construction of new reactors, supply of nuclear fuel and transfer of reprocessing technology are on the anvil during the Russian leader's visit starting a day prior to the Republic Day at which he will be the chief guest. "We intend to help India directly in the construction of atomic energy facilities for peaceful use. On top of that some of our companies are very much interested in acquiring large contracts for construction of new facilities," he said during the 90-minute interview to PTI in the ornate 'Kaminiy' (fireplace) Hall at the historic Kremlin. In a clear statement that Russia will pursue India's case in the Nuclear Suppliers Group for ensuring supplies of fuel, Putin said "on various occasions we provided India with nuclear fuel. And we will help India settle her problems in international affairs with the proviso that Russia will abide by international obligations." The 55-year-old leader, however, politely refused to go into the details of the agreements expected to be finalised other nuclear issue and the on sale of multi-role transport aircraft and the fifth generation fighter jets to India. "This is exactly what we are going to discuss there. Do you want me to tell the whole story? Then what should we do in the course of our negotiations," he said when asked whether more reactors are likely to be set up in the Russian-aided Kudankulam project in Tamil Nadu and whether agreements would cover supply of fuel and reprocessing technology. ***************************************************************** 23 NRC: Agency Holding the Meetings: Nuclear Regulatory Commission FR Doc 07-279 [Federal Register: January 23, 2007 (Volume 72, Number 14)] [Notices] [Page 2908-2909] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr23ja07-85] Date: Weeks of January 22, 29, February 5, 12, 19, 26, 2007 Place: Commissioners' Conference Room, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland. Status: Public and Closed. Matters to be Considered: Week of January 22, 2007 Monday, January 22, 2007 1:25 p.m.--Affirmation Session (Public Meeting) (Tentative) a. Entergy Nuclear Vermont Yankee, LLC, & Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. (Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station), LBP-06-20 (9/ 22/06): Entergy Nuclear Generation Company & Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. (Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station), LBP-06-23 (10/16/06) (Tentative.) b. Exelon Generation Company, LLC (Early Site Permit for Clinton ESP) (Tentative). 1:30 p.m. Discussion of Security Issues (Closed-Ex. 1). Tuesday, January 23, 2007 1:30 p.m.--Joint Meeting with Federal Energy Regulatory Commission on Grid Reliability (Public Meeting) (Contact: Mike Mayfield, 301 415- 0561). This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address-- . Week of January 29, 2007--Tentative Monday, January 29, 2007 10:50 a.m.--Affirmation Session (Public Meeting) (Tentative) a. Final Rulemaking to Revise 10 CFR 73.1, Design Basis Threat (DBT) Requirements (Tentative). b. AmerGen Energy Company, LLC (License Renewal for Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station) Docket No. 50-0219, Remaining Legal challenges to LBP-06-07 (Tentative). c. Nuclear Management Co., LLC (Palisades Nuclear Plant, license renewal application); response to ``Notice'' relating to San Louis Obispo Mothers for Peace (Tentative). d. System Energy Resources, Inc. (Early Site Permit for Grand Gulf ESP Site); response to NEPA/terrorism issue (Tentative). e. Pacific Gas & Electric Co. (Diablo Canyon ISFSI), Docket No. 72- 26-ISFSI, response to the Supreme Court's potential denial of certiorari (Tentative). Tuesday, January 30, 2007 10 a.m.--Discussion of Security Issues (Closed-Ex. 3). Wednesday, January 31, 2007 9:30 a.m.--Discussion of Security Issues (Closed-Ex. 1 & 3). To be held at Department of Homeland Security Headquarters, Washington, DC. Thursday, February 1, 2007 9:25 a.m.--Affirmation Session (Public Meeting) (Tentative). a. USEC, Inc. (American Centrifuge Plant) (Tentative). 9:30 a.m.--Discussion of Management Issues (Closed-Ex. 2). 1:30 p.m.--Briefing on Strategic Workforce Planning and Human Capital Initiatives (Public Meeting) (Contact: Mary Ellen Beach, 301 415-6803). This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address-- . Week of February 5, 2007--Tentative There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of February 5, 2007. Week of February 12, 2007--Tentative Thursday, February 15, 2007 9:30 a.m.--Briefing on Office of Chief Financial Officer (OCFO) Programs, Performance, and Plans (Public Meeting) (Contact: Edward New, 301 415-5646). This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address-- . Week of February 19, 2007--Tentative There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of February 19, 2007. Week of February 26, 2007--Tentative Wednesday, February 28, 2007 9:30 a.m.--Periodic Briefing on New Reactor Issues (Public Meeting) (Contact: Donna Williams, 301 415-1322). This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address-- . * * * * * The schedule for Commission meetings is subject to change on short notice. To verify the status of meetings call (recording)--(301) 415- 1292. Contact person for more information: Michelle Schroll, (301) 415- 1662. * * * * * The NRC Commission Meeting Schedule can be found on the Internet at: . * * * * * The NRC provides reasonable accommodation to individuals with disabilities where appropriate. If you need a reasonable accommodation to participate in these public meetings, or need this meeting notice or the transcript or other information from the public meetings in another format (e.g. braille, large print), please notify the NRC's Disability Program Coordinator, Deborah Chan, at 301-415-7041, TDD: 301-415-2100, or by e-mail at . Determinations on requests for reasonable accommodation will be made on a case-by-case basis. * * * * * This notice is distributed by mail to several hundred subscribers; if you no longer wish to receive it, or would like to be added to the distribution, please contact the Office of the Secretary, Washington, DC 20555 (301-415-1969). In addition, distribution of this meeting notice over the Internet system is available. If you are interested in [[Page 2909]] receiving this Commission meeting schedule electronically, please send an electronic message to . January 18, 2007. R. Michelle Schroll, Office of the Secretary. [FR Doc. 07-279 Filed 1-19-07; 11:11 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 24 BBC NEWS: Nuclear power climate change risk Science/Nature | Last Updated: Tuesday, 23 January 2007, 22:29 GMT [ By David Shukman BBC science correspondent [UK nuclear power plant worker] The government is soon to release its criteria for possible new sites A new study into the potential impact of climate change on Britain's nuclear power stations highlights the threat of rising seas and increasingly severe storms, BBC News learns. Specialists from the Met Office were commissioned by the nuclear power company British Energy to assess the risks of global warming. All of the UK's working nuclear power stations are located on the coast - sites originally chosen for their remoteness and to guarantee supplies of cooling water. But the Met Office researchers have forecast global warming is likely to bring three changes which could combine to pose serious risks - rising sea-levels, increased wave height and increased height of storm surges. Constant maintenance The study concludes none of the current generation of power plants are at risk. But the findings have implications for the planning of the next generation of British nuclear power stations. The government is planning to release its criteria for possible sites in March. We would locate the station within the site in such a position that we don't perhaps have to work quite so hard in maintaining these hard defences [ border=] David Norfolk, British Energy At Sizewell in Suffolk, for example, site of Britain's most modern reactor, the prediction is for the most severe storm surges to be 1.7 metres higher in 2080 than at present. And at Dungeness in Kent, the storm surge increase could be up to 0.9 metres. Already the Dungeness plant, which is sited on land only two metres above sea-level, is protected by a massive wall of shingle which needs constant maintenance in the winter. Waves erode so much of it that it needs to be topped up constantly with 600 tons of shingle every day. 'Hard defences' Met Office researcher Rob Harrison, who led the study, told the BBC "very large potential changes are in prospect" what we're trying to do is avoid a catastrophic effect. "There's no immediate concern but in the future the extremes may become more severe, especially with the combination of bigger waves and surges. It's reassuring that British Energy are being proactive about this." [Hinkley Point nuclear power station] All working nuclear power stations in the UK are located by the sea The Met Office study finds the rise in storm surge heights will be most extreme along the coast of south-east England - the shorelines at Dungeness and Sizewell bearing the brunt of the effects. One option for the nuclear operators is to build stronger sea defences. Another is to site future power stations further inland. David Norfolk, a member of British Energy's strategy team, said any new power plant could be located further from the sea to provide more of a buffer for any flooding. "We would locate the station within the site in such a position that we don't perhaps have to work quite so hard in maintaining these hard defences - put it further back so we have more land, more space to absorb any water that comes over, to attenuate the energy of the sea." The study follows a similar Met Office investigation last year into the impact of climate change on conventional power plants. ***************************************************************** 25 Star Tribune: Monticello nuclear plant is up and running again The Monticello nuclear power plant is producing power again, after a shutdown that lasted nearly two weeks, officials said Tuesday. By Tom Meersman, Star Tribune Last update: January 23, 2007 7:37 PM The Monticello nuclear power plant is producing power again, after a shutdown that lasted nearly two weeks, officials said Tuesday. The plant, owned by Xcel Energy, shut itself down automatically on Jan. 10 after a 35,000-pound control box inside the plant came loose and dropped about 6 inches onto a pipe carrying radioactive steam. Arline Datu, spokeswoman for Nuclear Management Co., which operates the power plant, said that an investigation found that the design of the control box was inadequate, and that some of the welds holding it to steel beams were "undersized or lacked quality." She said that workers checked other welds and found no additional areas of concern. None of the plant's main steam lines were damaged, Datu said, and no radiation escaped within the plant or outdoors. "At no time was there any threat to the health and safety of the public," she said. The control box and other equipment near it have been repaired and tested, Datu said, and plant operators began to start up the reactor Tuesday morning. The 600-megawatt Monticello nuclear plant is about 45 miles northwest of the Twin Cities. It began producing power in 1970 and last year received a license to operate for another 20 years after its current license expires in 2010. TOM MEERSMAN Copyright 2007Star Tribune. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 26 APP.COM: Turn up heat on nuke plant | Asbury Park Press Online Issues:Tuesday, January 23, 2007 The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has never rejected a license extension application for a nuclear generating plant. It's doubtful the Oyster Creek plant in Lacey, which is seeking a 20-year license renewal, will become the first. But a hearing before an advisory committee of the NRC last week provided further evidence that it should be. With the clock ticking on a decision, Gov. Corzine, state environmental commissioner Lisa Jackson and Reps. Christopher Smith and H. James Saxton, both R-N.J., must intensify the pressure to make certain the numerous concerns about plant safety are addressed and, if necessary, redressed in the federal courts should the NRC continue its tradition of ignoring them. Last week's hearings underscored the gravity of the concerns about the plant's corroded drywell, a 100-foot-tall steel liner surrounding the reactor designed to keep radioactive vapors from escaping in the event of an accident. The biggest red flag was an NRC-commissioned report by the Sandia National Laboratories that raised serious questions about the stress levels Oyster Creek's drywell could handle. The advisory committee also expressed unease about water that has been flowing into, and pooling, in the drywell that plant operator AmerGen Energy Co. has failed to address. And it heard Richard Webster, an attorney hired by a coalition of citizen groups opposing license renewal, testify about the flawed testing process used to determine the extent of corrosion of the drywell. The committee is expected to present its recommendations to the full NRC Feb. 1. Terrorism concerns also resurfaced last week. The U.S. Supreme Court decided not to review a California appeals court ruling requiring federal regulators to assess the environmental impact of a possible terrorist attack on a new storage facility for nuclear waste. Aware of the implications the top court's ruling could have on Oyster Creek, the five NRC commissioners in September postponed making a decision on New Jersey's request for a terrorism-impact hearing on Oyster Creek. Fears about the consequences of a terrorist strike on Oyster Creek's spent fuel pool were heightened by the disclosure of an internal memo in which an Oyster Creek manager, reviewing plant safety issues relevant to license renewal, observed that the floor of the spent fuel pool was not constructed to design, and was not adequately attached to the wall. ". . . (F)rom a nuclear safety perspective, the controlling structure with least margin is the floor of the fuel pool," the memo said. "The floor was supposed to be attached to the walls with a rebar configuration . . . This is not the configuration we found and was why we had to limit the fuel pool temperature to 125 degrees Fahrenheit to ensure the floor did not detach and drop during a seismic event and rupture the fuel pool liner. If this rebar is really corroding as projected, I suspect our design analysis of the floor support is not valid today, let alone for a 20-year life extension." That was a safety specialist at Oyster Creek talking. If no one at the NRC is listening, we hope a judge in a courtroom somewhere will be. Several comments are in order regarding your latest editorial on the Oyster Creek nuclear power plant and its license renewal application, which remains under review by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Rather than try to address every item discussed, I will focus only on two specific ones for now. Your assertion that an NRC-commissioned report by Sandia National Laboratories raises serious questions about the plants drywell liner does not jibe with the reports conclusions, which are clearly stated on Page 83. They are as follows: The structural integrity of the degraded Oyster Creek drywell shell has been analyzed in this study. The allowable stresses and the buckling stability were both examined in accordance with the ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) B&PV (Boiler & Pressure Vessel) code. The ASME allowable stresses are met for all three load cases examined here given the modeling and loading procedures outlined in Section 2. The only potential exception is for the primary plus secondary stresses located at the base of the sandbed region of the accident condition due to the thermal expansion of the shell. There are a number of modeling and loading assumptions in this region that may contribute to the stress magnitudes recorded in the current analysis. ... The authors note that the potential exception may be the result of overly conservative assumptions in the computer modeling used to perform the study. Rather than rely on only partial or cursory descriptions of what the report has to say, I would encourage your readers interested in this topic to read the actual document. It can be found in our electronic documents system, which can be accessed at: http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams/web-based.html . Once there, they just need to type in the Accession Number ML070120395. Another issue raised by your editorial has to do with questions involving water found in trenches in the plants drywell liner. Specifically, during the Oyster Creek refueling and maintenance outage conducted in October, water was found in two trenches inside the liner after grout was removed. On Jan. 17, NRC issued a report on an inspection we conducted during that outage and that dealt with, among other things, the trench-water discovery. During that inspection, we closely followed the actions of AmerGen, the plants owner, to identify and mitigate the source of the water. These efforts included tracer dye testing of the drywell leakage collection trough inside the reactor pedestal, inspection of the drywell sump, inspection and repair of the leakage collection trough, and caulking of the joint between the concrete drywell floor and the steel drywell shell. Based on our reviews, we concluded the following: Repairs performed by AmerGen in and around the trough within the reactor vessel pedestal area did not result in any adverse conditions. ... The water discovered in the drywell trenches had no adverse impact on the structural integrity of the concrete floor or the potential for corrosion of the embedded portion of the drywell shell. AmerGen has taken actions to prevent further accumulation of water in this area. ... Our inspection report also points out that AmerGen undertook the following steps in response to the discovery of the water: (1) Conducted walkdowns of the structure and examined drawings to determine the source of the water. The actual source of the water was not positively determined. (2) Sampled the water and performed dye tracer testing to determine the source of the water. (3) Removed the water from the trenches and conducted the planned UT (ultrasonic Testing) thickness measurements of the drywell shell in the trenches. (4) Conducted technical engineering evaluations by an industry corrosion expert and AmerGen engineering personnel to assess the structural integrity of the drywell concrete slab given the presence of the water. (5) Installed a seal between the concrete curb and drywell shell to prevent water from entering the drywell shell-to-concrete gap. (6) Made a repair to the drywell trough drain, which eliminated (the) leakage path into the concrete.drywell liner gap. (7) Removed an additional 5" of concrete from the trench in Bay 5 and collected more UT thickness data in a previously unmeasured area. ([Cool] Performed and documented a VT (Visual Testing) inspection of the drywell shell in the trenches. In other words, this issue received a significant amount of attention during the outage and has been addressed. As is the case with the Sandia report, I would encourage your readers to go to the source documentation. The NRC inspection report is available in our electronic documents system. Its Accession Number is ML070170396. Suffice it to say, the Oyster Creek license renewal application has received, and will continue to receive, a high level of attention from the NRC. In addition to our numerous inspections and thousands of hours of review by our license renewal staff, it has been discussed twice by the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS) Subcommittee on License Renewal and is scheduled to be a topic at a meeting of the full ACRS in early February. The ACRS is an independent body of experts that offers recommendations to the Commission on reactor safety issues, including license renewal applications. More information about the Oyster Creek application and the license renewal review process in general is available on the NRC web site at: www.nrc.gov . Any member of the public with questions about our review can also e-mail us at opa1@nrc.gov. Neil Sheehan NRC Public Affairs Officer Posted by: nas1 on Tue Jan 23, 2007 3:34 pm This article really perturbed me, in particular the information about the rebar configuration attaching the floors to the wall of the fuel pool structure. Years ago, in the beginning stages of the second plant at Oyster Creek, we were having lunch at a local tavern. A group of construction workers who were in the operating engineers union, were at the bar discussing the actions of a supervisor, who when told by one of the foremen that the specifications re: the dimensions of the rebar and the o.c. spacing, were not to code, was told that the concrete was coming in and to sign off so they could get it covered up. This conversation stayed with me for all these years, even after the project was aborted probably because at one time in my life, I was an estimator\purchaser for an commercial builder and understood the significance of adherance to the specifications vs. the stability of a structure. Then I watched a Channel 13 documentary on the role of the Scarfo mob in bulding Oyster Creek (the masonry part) and the deficiencies of another building which was to be used as storage for "hot" material but was not to code. Finally, having dinner with an engineer and his girlfriend. It was during the period of time when two engineers who had worked in the design and construction of the original reactor had come out publicly to raise the alarm about the design of Oyster Creek. We discussed this, then he, having just left Oyster Creek to go to the NRC as inspector, bluntly stated that "I know just where to look" before he clammed up. Obviously, his input was not taken to heart by the NRC. But to read the statement from an Oyster Creek manager re: the rebar in the editorial today and to consider the implications is appalling. Longtime residents of Lacey Township seem to be immune to any consideration of danger, vs. weighing danger vs. monetary gain via lower taxes. But if there were to be an "incident" the loss of property values would wipe out any tax gains - like how do you assess "worthless"? I think that if residents were educated to the notion that by the time the plant was decommissioned and offline, and that the benefits to a host town are protected, they might pay more attention to this issue. We've often thought of removing ourselves from this immediate area, despite enjoying waterfront living but where do you go? [Question] That's the point I guess. Posted by: jayburn on Tue Jan 23, 2007 11:30 am Copyright 2007 Asbury Park Press. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 27 CANADA: Hamilton Spectator: Nuclear industry good for economy By Michael Ingram, Ancaster, Vice-President, CANDU Services, AECL, Mississauga (Jan 23, 2007) Re: 'Clark opens surprise attack on nuclear plant' (Column, Jan. 12) The nuclear industry is the only industry in Canada that accounts for all its used fuel, ensuring no harmful by-products escape plants. Compared to other types of thermal power plants, nuclear reactors produce only small amounts of used fuel. A 700-megawatt CANDU nuclear reactor, for example, produces about 0.30 tonnes of used fuel per day, while an equivalent sized coal-fired station produces 1,440 tonnes of solid ash per day and eight tonnes of fly ash. All the used fuel produced by all Canadian nuclear reactors over the past 40 years could be stored on one soccer field, to the height of a typical player. The small amount of used fuel produced by Canadian nuclear power plants is controlled and stored in carefully managed facilities. For the first five years, it is stored inside the station in pools where radiation is shielded by three metres of water, then it is placed in large canisters of metre-thick concrete for dry storage. On-site storage is designed to be safe and secure for a century or more, and in Canada's 40 years of using nuclear energy, no member of the public has ever been harmed as a result of a radiation leak from a nuclear power plant or its storage facility. In fact, eating one banana a day for a month or drinking a glass of milk every day for 45 days contains the same radiation dose as a year living beside a nuclear power plant. Generating electricity using nuclear power is good for the air we breathe. The use of CANDU technology in place of generating the same amount of electricity from coal has, in the past four decades, prevented the release of more than two billion tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions, 11 million tonnes of sulphur dioxide, and 2.5 million tonnes of nitrogen oxides. Improved air quality helps reduce incidents of asthma attacks and some lung diseases. Nuclear energy in Canada is a $6 billion per year industry, providing employment for more than 30,000 people in more than 150 companies. The economic impact in the Hamilton-Niagara region alone includes 17 companies employing hundreds of people who are key suppliers to the CANDU nuclear industry. 1991-2006, The Hamilton Spectator. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 28 National Post: Conservatives say nuclear power on the table Canadians cannot afford to shy away from nuclear power if the country is to make any real progress in reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, Natural Resources Minister Gary Lunn said Tuesday. Chris Wattie, Published: Tuesday, January 23, 2007 TORONTO — Canadians cannot afford to shy away from nuclear power if the country is to make any real progress in reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, Natural Resources Minister Gary Lunn said Tuesday. “You either believe in reducing greenhouse gases or you don’t,” Lunn said in a speech to the Economic Club of Toronto. “We shouldn’t be afraid to look at all of the potential energy options. We need clean, reliable, affordable energy to ensure that we have our economic growth ... I think there are some very, very good opportunities for nuclear in the future and we’re not afraid to talk about them.” The government is also on the verge of announcing a comprehensive plan to deal with radioactive waste from nuclear plants, he said, which could allay environmentalists’ main criticisms of nuclear power. “We’re looking at various options, which we haven’t announced ... it’s something that our government is seriously looking at,” Lunn said during a question-and-answer session after his speech. “There’ll be more specifics on the exact storage, where we put the permanent storage of nuclear waste, but you’re going to have to wait.” Lunn said he is “very, very impressed” by what he saw of the nuclear industry’s current facilities to deal with waste, but added the Conservatives want to improve that system. “Previous governments have been under pressure for years and years to do something and refused to do. Well I think we should talk about it and put the resources in to get the job done,” he said. Lunn acknowledged, however, the decision on whether to use nuclear-power plants rests with provincial governments. He refused to give specifics on what incentives Ottawa might offer to make the nuclear option more attractive. “At the end of the day it will be up to the provinces to decide on their energy mixes but we will be there to support them.” As well, he took direct aim at Liberal Leader Stephane Dion’s publicly stated discomfort with nuclear power, saying the Conservative government is willing to look at every power-generating option. “It’s clean, it produces zero emissions, it produces no greenhouse gasses and we know that Ontario has been using nuclear energy for over 40 years,” he said. “As a nation of energy consumers we must be prepared to have an open discussion about nuclear power.” The minister is on a cross-country tour to promote the government’s renewable energy policies, announced last week by Prime Minister Stephen Harper. The Conservatives unveiled a series of programs to fund technologies that reduce greenhouse-gas emissions, although skeptics have complained the government has only repackaged programs launched by the former Liberal government which were subsequently frozen or cut by the Tories when they came to power one year ago. cwattie@nationalpost.com 2007 CanWest Interactive, a division of . All rights ***************************************************************** 29 NRC: ACTION: Notice of pending NRC action to submit an information collection request to OMB and solicitation of public comment. FR Doc E7-902 [Federal Register: January 23, 2007 (Volume 72, Number 14)] [Notices] [Page 2907-2908] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr23ja07-84] NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection: Comment Request AGENCY: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). SUMMARY: The NRC is preparing a submittal to OMB for review of continued approval of information collections under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. Chapter 35). Information Pertaining to the Requirement To Be Submitted 1. The title of the information collection: NRC Form 314, Certificate of Disposition of Materials. 2. Current OMB approval numbers: 3150-0028. 3. How often the collection is required: The form is submitted once, when a licensee terminates its license. 4. Who is required or asked to report: Persons holding an NRC license for the possession and use of radioactive byproduct, source, or special nuclear material who are ceasing licensed activities and terminating the license. 5. The estimated number of annual respondents: 171. 6. The number of hours needed annually to complete the requirement or request: 85.5. 7. Abstract: NRC Form 314 furnishes information to NRC regarding transfer or other disposition of radioactive material by licensees who wish to terminate their licenses. The information is used by NRC as part of the basis for its determination that the facility has been cleared of radioactive material before the facility is released for unrestricted use. Submit, by March 26, 2007, comments that address the following questions: 1. Is the proposed collection of information necessary for the NRC to [[Page 2908]] properly perform its functions? Does the information have practical utility? 2. Is the burden estimate accurate? 3. Is there a way to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected? 4. How can the burden of the information collection be minimized, including the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology? A copy of the draft supporting statement may be viewed free of charge at the NRC Public Document Room, One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Room O-1 F21, Rockville, MD 20852. OMB clearance requests are available at the NRC worldwide Web site: http://www.nrc.gov/public-involve/doc-comment/omb/index.html. The document will be available on the NRC home page site for 60 days after the signature date of this notice. Comments and questions about the information collection requirements may be directed to the NRC Clearance Officer, Margaret A. Janney, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, T-5 F54, Washington, DC 20555-0001, by telephone at 301-415-7245, or by Internet electronic mail to INFOCOLLECTS@NRC.GOV. Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 16th day of January 2007. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Margaret A. Janney, NRC Clearance Officer, Office of Information Services. [FR Doc. E7-902 Filed 1-22-07; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 30 EnergyBiz Magazine: Nuclear Energy's Potential Comeback January 22, 2007 Ken Silverstein, EnergyBiz Insider Editor-in-Chief America may like an underdog. But, it's still unclear whether the public will take to nuclear energy. While the technology has been in the shadows of national energy policy for nearly three decades, it has subsequently emerged from obscurity and is continuing to get an ever-increasing amount of attention. Future electricity demand and stricter emission limits have combined to give nuclear energy a shot of energy. Unlike the fossil fuels, there is a near endless supply of uranium to keep such plants perking along while almost no greenhouse emissions are thrust out the smokestack. Some key issues stand in the way. The first, which at this point appears intractable, is that of where to store the radioactive nuclear fuel after it is burned. Exelon Corporation, which is the nation's biggest nuclear operator, says it won't build until the matter is resolved. And, the second, which could be overcome after a few new plants are built, is how to persuade Wall Street to finance such ventures when in the past they have been hugely expensive. "While nuclear generation can provide many benefits, the challenges of successfully completing the next construction cycle will be significant and are bound to test the industry's resolve in addressing increasing demand and the evolving and the increasingly stringent emissions regulations," writes Dimitri Nikas, credit analyst for Standard &Poor's in a recent report on the subject. To put the matter in perspective, consider that the U.S. Energy Information Administration is predicting a 45 percent increase in energy demand by 2030, necessitating an additional 350,000 megawatts of new generation. The primary alternatives, natural gas and coal, each come with problems -- namely supply shortages and dirty emissions, respectively. Nuclear energy plants, meanwhile, have shown themselves to be safer and more productive than ever before. In 2001, the Bush administration's National Energy Policy recommended the expansion of nuclear energy. More recently, the president has called for a national strategy to deal with carbon emissions and as such has backed the expansion of nuclear projects. The 2005 Energy Policy Act grants $1 billion in tax credits as well as $500 million in insurance to protect against delays in construction that are directly tied to regulatory logjams. And, finally, the first six reactors to get built in the 21st Century are promised millions in loan guarantees. At present, 103 operating nuclear reactors exist in the United States. But, none have been ordered here since the 1970s. The partial meltdown at Three Mile is to blame along with cost overruns and construction delays. Now, however, things have changed. Given the market dynamics and the government incentives, about 30 such plants are under consideration. Before the energy act was signed, only a few were on the drawing board. Alternative Strategies Consider TXU: it is planning to file applications with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to build new nuclear plants in the range of two to six gigawatts. It says it will have the applications completed in 2008 while the actual facilities could be up and running between 2015 and 2020. "While new nuclear generation cannot come on line in time to meet the growing power needs of Texas for the next 10 years, TXU continues to aspire to be a leader in the commercialization of the next generation of low-cost, clean technology," says John Wilder, CEO of TXU. "Nuclear generation offers the potential to deliver our customers lower, stable prices and continue to reduce Texas' over-reliance on natural gas." The matter of huge capital costs and government subsidies is important to both the industry and to nuclear opponents. The price tag to build a nuclear facility in the days before Three Mile Island totaled about $1 billion. After, the sunk costs amounted to about $6 billion. And in the days before that event, it would take about five years from the time it took to initially site a plant to the time pre-construction might begin. After that, the time frame doubled to 10 years. There's also a lot of discussion over where to store the spent nuclear fuel. While Congress has authorized the building of Yucca Mountain 90 miles from Las Vegas, its future is uncertain because of continuous legal and political battles. Understandably, Nevada's citizens are dubious of a permanent nuclear waste site located in their back yard. And, they might have the political muscle to stop it as Senator Harry Reid, a Democrat from the state, is now the majority leader. "Nuclear power will divert resources from other technologies," says Stephen Smith, director of the Southern Alliance for Clean Energy. "We need to direct our resources to things that are not as dangerous and to where we know we can move forward." Advances in nuclear technology could alter the landscape. The difference between the so-called Very High Temperature Reactors and the current design is that the future ones will operate three times the temperature of today's light water reactors. That results in a more efficient use of fuel and the ability to create hydrogen in the process. All of that makes the proposition a lot more economically attractive. Meantime, the reactors are cooled by helium gas and not water. That means that the reactors rely on gravity and not on mechanical instruments to flush water through the system in the event of emergency. Therefore, the odds of any leaks and subsequent meltdowns are close to zero, say advocates of the design. "We have to prove to Wall Street that nuclear works and that it operates as planned and that the financials look good," says Dan Keuter, vice president of nuclear business development for Entergy Nuclear. "If we are able to build the first few, there will definitely be a renaissance." No one disputes that new energy forms are a must. All forms are potentially viable and especially renewable technologies. Surely, the overall demand for power will be so expansive that any newfound resurgence in nuclear energy cannot be ignored. Copyright 1996-2007 by CyberTech, Inc. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 31 AFP: Japan, China eye nuclear cooperation: report Mon Jan 22, 9:12 PM ET TOKYO (AFP) - Japan and China are putting together a coooperation plan on civilian nuclear energy, including measures to prevent technology being passed on to third parties, a report said Tuesday. Under the plan, Japan is to send engineers to China to develop its nuclear industry as well as help set safety and security guidelines, the Kyodo News agency said, quoting government sources. The deal would update a 1986 bilateral pact and pave the way for more Japanese companies to do business in China, where construction of nuclear plants is expected to grow to meet mounting energy needs. China in December decided on a multibillion-dollar deal to buy four nuclear power reactors from US-based Westinghouse, a recently acquired unit of Japanese giant Toshiba. But nuclear cooperation has raised concerns in Japan, which is the only nation to have been attacked with nuclear weapons. The deal would seek to prevent Japanese technology from being diverted to third countries, particularly China's ally North Korea" /> which tested its first atom bomb in October, the report said. The plan was part of discussions between Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Chinese President Hu Jintao" /> during an October summit that eased frosty relations, it added. The two countries' vice foreign ministers will discuss the issue during talks in Beijing on Thursday and Friday, with the deal set to be sealed by the end of the year, Kyodo News said. Immediate confirmation of the report was not available. The report came as Japan looks at whether to expand nuclear cooperation with another growing economy, India. India refuses to sign the Non-Proliferation Treaty but has negotiated a controversial deal with the United States to allow civilian nuclear cooperation. Copyright 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 32 AFP: General Electric interested in Lithuania nuke plant project - official - Tue Jan 23, 12:49 PM ET VILNIUS (AFP) - US conglomerate General Electric is interested in a project to build a new nuclear power plant in Lithuania, officials said. "Prime Minister Gediminas Kirkilas today had a meeting with representatives of General Electric, who said the company wants to take part in the construction of the new nuclear plant," the prime minister's spokeswoman said. "The prime minister said that an open tender is to be announced for the construction of the new reactor and invited General Electric to take part in it," she told AFP. German energy giant E.ON has already expressed interest in the project to build a new nuclear facility in Lithuania to replace the ageing Ignalina plant, while France's Areva group, Canada's AECL, and Mitsubishi of Japan have said they are ready to supply nuclear technologies to build the new facility. The electricity companies of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania recently set up a working group with their Polish counterpart to discuss bringing Poland into a project to build a new nuclear power station to replace Ignalina, which uses reactors similar to the one that exploded at Chernobyl in 1986, provoking the world's worst nuclear disaster. Lithuania promised the European Union" /> European Union, which the Baltic state joined in 2004, to shut down Ignalina by 2009. A feasibility study conducted last year by the Baltic energy companies predicted the new facility would not come onstream before 2015. The feasibility study also showed that a new single-reactor plant with a capacity of 800 Megawatts, or a two-reactor, 1,600-Mw facility would require an investment of 2.5 billion to four billion euros. If Poland is brought on board, the capacity of the plant could be increased to 3,200 Megawatts, with a corresponding hike of the final price tag, to five billion euros (6.5 billion dollars). Copyright 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 33 Telegraph: An eye-opener for the atomic world Digital Life | [telegraph.co.uk] Last Updated: 12:01am GMT 23/01/2007 Standing next to a confection of cool grey pipework studded with bling-bling gold bolts, Prof Sarnjeet Dhesi tells me how no less a visitor than the Prime Minister became entranced by his magnificent gleaming plumbing, a special microscope worth millions of pounds called a "Peem" (Photoemission Electron Microscope). We are standing in a climate-controlled cabin in Diamond, a silver ring-shaped building the size of five football pitches in south Oxfordshire that, as well as looking like it should be home to a James Bond villain, is about to provide the most intense source of light on Earth. After months of tuning, Diamond will shine 10 billion times brighter than the Sun at the end of this month to provide answers to myriad questions about materials. Diamond is the biggest science facility to be built in the UK for three decades. Funded by the Government (86 per cent) and the Wellcome Trust (14 per cent), 250 million has been spent on its first phase and another 120 million is planned for the second, when more shiny instruments will be installed to put its precious light to good use. Synchrotron technology was pioneered in Britain at the Daresbury Laboratory near Warrington. Since 1980, synchrotron light has helped to design a class of Aids drugs called HIV-protease inhibitors, been involved in the development of the flu drug Relenza, improved chocolate manufacture and helped to work out if Beethoven was poisoned by lead. Diamond will allow scientists to look at atomic structure in even more detail, and more efficiently. "What could take us weeks in Daresbury takes days here," said Prof Dhesi.advertisement A synchrotron is a glorified race track. In a doughnut-shaped vacuum chamber, electrons are accelerated around in a circle some 560 metres across at near light speed. When wiggled by a succession of magnets they slow down to send out an intense shower of X-rays across a spectrum of frequencies. Around its periphery this precious light is harvested by "spokes" called beamlines and passed in a vacuum to "hutches" containing X-ray optics, such as the one built by Prof Dhesi. The whole thing sits on 1,500 piles drilled into bedrock 15 metres beneath so as not to blur its atomic vision. Prof Dhesi's instrument, the Peem, will exploit X-rays around 100 billion times brighter than used in hospitals. Rays of a precise energy, selected using clever optics, are highly focused on a sample in the Peem, smashing electrons out of the surface to reveal its secrets. Prof Dhesi can take X-ray movies of magnetic materials down to 10 billionths of a metre to help unravel the mysteries of MRAM, a new generation of magnetic memory that will allow the domestic PC to turn on in an instant as well as store ever greater amounts of data. Engineers plan to use the tangents of light surging into Diamond's beam lines to test how clever composites used in aircraft engines react under stress. For scientists investigating the birth of the Solar System, Diamond's bright light can illuminate the formation of the Earth. The searing beam can reveal the structure of a killer virus, such as bird flu. And it can help scientists peer at the fine structure of cells, when they are diseased or treated with drugs. Not much further away from Diamond than "a Tiger Woods drive", as Prof Bill David puts it, another kind of dazzling facility is currently under construction, hidden from the nearby A34 by a vast mound of millions of tons of chalk. Housed in another immense building, one as large as a cathedral, builders are constructing an extension of a 20-year-old facility called ISIS, where Prof David is among a cast of thousands of scientists who study materials from our everyday world with neutrons, atomic particles. The neutrons are chipped out of a heavy blue-grey metal (tantalum) target by a beam of protons travelling at 85 per cent of the speed of light. Protected by millions of pounds worth of steel shielding, scientists play the resulting beams of neutrons on to instruments in a high-tech shanty town of cabins huddled around ISIS. The way neutrons are scattered can answer the question of where atoms "are" and what atoms "do". While the use of X-rays dates back more than a century, the use of neutrons to study matter only developed at the nuclear reactors that became available to researchers shortly after the Second World War, including where I did my own doctorate, the reactor at the Institut Laue-Langevin at Grenoble, France (which celebrated its 40th birthday last week). Then came ISIS, which in the last two decades has come of age after a shaky start  in the days of Thatcherite science there was so little money to run ISIS that, as the then boss confessed to me, it was like building Concorde and rowing it across the Atlantic. The facility has become a world leader, helping to study the resistance-defying properties of superconductors, revealing how catalysts become "poisoned" so they stop making chemicals, providing clues on how to tackle pollution, unveiling some of the metalworking secrets of the ancients, unravelling the stretchy properties of polymers and shedding light on how viruses defend themselves against dehydration. There are even machines, called CRISP and SURF, that extend the work I did in my doctorate by playing ducks and drakes with neutrons to study films down to a single molecule thick of the kind found in situations as diverse as cell membranes, soaps and the magnetic materials in a computer hard drive. Neutrons complement Diamond's brilliant X-rays because they highlight where hydrogen is (actually, its nucleus) and what it does, giving crucial insights into one of the commonest elements in biology and the one that literally holds us all together. Detecting hydrogen in this way is also crucial in revealing where V-shaped water molecules reside. Although we know the atomic structure of messenger chemicals in the body, for example, their overall structure depends on how they are coddled in water molecules. Neutrons show how the water coating can affect the all-important shape of the molecules and thus the way they act. And the neutron has another trick up its sleeve  it behaves like a tiny magnet which can reveal the amazing world of magnetism, from the stuff of massive body scanner magnets to the microworld of an iPod memory. Because of its importance, a second neutron "target station" is now under construction in a 140 million project that will extend the work at ISIS to focus more on biology, plastics and polymers and advanced new materials, said Prof David. The first neutrons will be bashed out of the tantalum target this year and experiments will begin in earnest in October of next year, as plentiful low-energy neutrons, which move so slowly they actually fall under the tug of gravity, drop into seven instruments. Among the first objectives, said Prof David, is to help devise materials that can soak up enough hydrogen to provide a safe "tank" for hydrogen-powered cars. You are here: telegraph.co.uk > Connected > Copyright of Telegraph Media Group Limited 2007. ***************************************************************** 34 FPON: On 'Glow-In-The-Dark' Energy Free Press of Namibia Tuesday, January 23, 2007 - Web posted at 8:12:22 GMT REFERRING to the letter from a presumed UK nuclear enthusiast, congratulating Namibia on 'opting' for nuclear power, I wonder why you publish such tosh. I don't see it's any of his business, and anyway the country has not 'opted' for nuclear power (a sloppy headline) - on a closer read, it's just one of all possible options for future energy needs. Fine. Nuclear power is great, but it does have some limitations, like the inability to power things like cars, trains and planes. Then there is the waste problem. The letter writer's suggestion to bury the highly radioactive waste where the ore was first mined, is rather bizarre. Anyone ready for a Swakop which glows in the dark, even without the Christmas lights switched on? Beyond this, there is a worrying tendency of some politicians and writers, who did not quite make it past Std 8 science, to assume that because a country has widespread deposits of (rather low grade) uranium ore, the country can produce heaps and heaps of nuclear energy for itself. This is not necessarily so. (On another level, consider the example of Ghana, which for a hundred years has been about the largest producer of cocoa beans but which has yet to manufacture its own chocolate bar). Namibia actually might be better off selling uranium ore and buying electricity. Because nuclear energy is difficult, much more so than chocolate. First you have to enrich your ore. This is technically and politically complicated. Politically, because any small third-world country which tries to start enriching gets the US very twitchy, and tends to get you membership of the Axis of Evil club. Then you can't just suck energy out of the material: you have to build reactors, which are not cheap (write down the largest number which you know a name for, and add three noughts). You have to ask the French, British or Russians to build one for you - more neo-colonial dependency. These reactors have a distressing tendency to go on the blink (ask our South African friends). Plus the occasional meltdown. They may not produce greenhouse gases, but they consume huge amounts of water, which Namibia does not have. Usually then, they have to be situated by the sea. The effluent then would kill most of the fish which the country also depends on. Nuclear energy? Promising idea, but needs more work. Bill Torbitt Windhoek Material on this site copyright The Free Press Of Namibia (Pty) Ltd PO Box 20783 - Windhoek - 42 John Meinert Street Tel: +264 (61) 279600 - Fax: +264 (61) 279602 ***************************************************************** 35 AFP: Russia to pitch for Indian nuclear market during Putin trip - by Penny MacRae Tue Jan 23, 4:21 PM ET NEW DELHI (AFP) - Russia's president will offer India nuclear power plants in a major pitch for a slice of the nation's lucrative atomic energy market when he begins a visit to New Delhi, officials said. President Vladimir Putin" /> Vladimir Putin, seeking to counter growing US ties with India, Moscow's former Cold War ally, is bringing a large contingent of ministers, business people and officials on his two-day trip. The visit's aim is to boost the "strategic relationship" and bring new momentum to a long friendship, said Putin, who will be guest of honour at India's annual Republic Day parade on Friday marking the country's founding as a republic. "We intend to help India directly in construction of atomic energy facilities for peaceful use," Putin said in an interview with the Press Trust of India (PTI). The passage last year of a landmark US-Indian deal allowing New Delhi access to civilian nuclear technology after decades of isolation has unleashed an international race to supply energy-hungry India's atomic energy market. Moscow, which still supplies over 70 percent of India's military hardware, also hopes to sign a slew of defence deals, including on joint production of a fifth-generation supersonic fighter jet and a multi-role transport aircraft. "Many very serious and very substantial" agreements will be signed during Putin's trip, said Russian Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov, kicking off his own five-day visit to India in the southern high-tech city of Bangalore. Russia says it has sold arms worth 10 billion dollars to India in the past five years and that deals worth a similar amount are in the pipeline with the country which is modernising its outdated defence equipment. India's military, the world's fourth-largest with around 1.3 million people in uniform, is in the market for new fighters and trainer jets, submarines, radar equipment and weaponry. Ivanov added Russia plans to would "actively" participate in an Indian Air Force tender for 126 multi-purpose fighters, a contract valued at close to 10 billion dollars, which pits Lockheeds F-16 warplane and Boeings F/A-18E/F Super Hornet up against fighters from Russia, France and Sweden. "India is pursuing a hedging strategy in its relations with Russia. They are trying not to over-rely on the US either politically, militarily or otherwise as the Russians have always proven to be fairly reliable in the past," Bharat Karnad, analyst at New Delhi's Centre for Policy Research, told AFP. Putin's visit "will strengthen and take bilateral relations between the two time-tested friends to new heights," said India's Minister of State for Planning, M.V. Rajasekharan. Russia will sign a preliminary deal with India to build four nuclear power plants as well as propose to supply four nuclear reactors, reports said. "An agreement... is being prepared for signing on the construction at the Kudankulam nuclear power station (in Tamil Nadu) of additional reactors and also construction of atomic stations at new sites in India," Ivanov also said in Moscow, according to the Interfax news agency. The reactors would be for the flagship nuclear plant Russia is building in southern Tamil Nadu state due to start operation this year and which already has two Russian 1,000-megawatt reactors. Nuclear power now just supplies a scant percentage of the energy needs of India which has been eagerly seeking new fuel supplies to feed its fast-growing economy. India and energy-rich Russia are also expected to discuss boosting cooperation in oil exploration and production. Copyright 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 36 PRN: Key Facts About Nuclear Energy's Clean-Air Benefits WASHINGTON, Jan. 23 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The following is being issued by the Nuclear Energy Institute: * Approximately 30 percent of America's electricity comes from sources that produce no air emissions or greenhouse gases: nuclear energy, hydroelectric power, wind and solar power. Nuclear energy represents 73 percent of this non-emitting electricity supply. (Hydroelectric power represents 24 percent of this non-emitting supply, while wind and solar combined provide less than two percent of this non-emitting supply.) * In 2005, U.S. nuclear power plants prevented the discharge of 682 million metric tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This is nearly as much carbon dioxide as is released from all U.S. passenger cars. * In 2005, U.S. nuclear power plants reduced emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide -- pollutants controlled under the Clean Air Act -- by 1.1 million short tons and 3.3 million short tons respectively. The amount of nitrogen oxide emissions that nuclear plants prevent annually is the equivalent of taking nearly 55 million passenger cars off the road. * Nuclear energy is the single-largest piece of U.S. industry's voluntary greenhouse gas emissions reduction program. According to the newly released annual report to the U.S. Department of Energy from Power Partners -- a voluntary partnership between DOE and the electric power industry -- nuclear energy accounted for 54 percent of voluntary greenhouse gas reductions reported by project type by preventing the emission of 142 million metric tons of carbon dioxide. (This figure results from incremental gains in electricity production at nuclear power plants, rather than from total electricity production at these plants.) * Nuclear energy has the smallest environmental impact of any clean-air electricity source. For example, a 1,000-megawatt wind farm would occupy 78 square miles. A 1,000-megawatt nuclear plant would occupy less than five percent of that area. A 1,000-megawatt power plant can meet the needs of a city the size of Boston or Seattle. SOURCE Nuclear Energy Institute Related links: + http://www.nei.org Copyright 1996- PR Newswire Association LLC. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 37 MarketWatch: What Bush has said on energy before - What Bush has said on energy before The evolution of his positions in the State of the Union By MarketWatch Last Update: 6:08 PM ET Jan 23, 2007 WASHINGTON (MarketWatch) -- Energy is slated to be a major theme in President Bush's State of the Union speech on Tuesday night. He is prepared to call for a goal of reducing gasoline consumption by 20% over the next 10 years using renewable fuels such as ethanol. Here's what he said in previous speeches about energy: 2006 The president says "America is addicted to oil" and sets a goal to "replace more than 75% of U.S. oil imports from the Middle East by 2025." He also proposes more research into cellulosic ethanol. "Our goal is to make this new kind of ethanol practical and competitive within six years," Bush says. 2005: Kicking off his second term, the president highlights the need for "reliable supplies of affordable, environmentally responsible energy" to keep the economy going and makes a plug for more "clean nuclear energy" produced at home. He again urges Congress to pass legislation to make "America more secure and less dependent on foreign energy." 2004: With the 2003 Northeast blackouts serving as a backdrop, the president draws attention to the need for "reliable supplies of energy to make our economy run" with a call for legislation to modernize our electricity system, promotes conservation, and calls for measures to "make America less dependent on foreign sources of energy." 2003: The president outlines his vision for a hydrogen economy and the development of hydrogen-powered vehicles. He also backs a general plan "to promote energy independence for our country, while dramatically improving the environment." He calls on Congress to pass an energy bill to "produce more energy at home." 2002: The president says job creation depends on "reliable and affordable energy" but places responsibility on Congress to "act to encourage conservation, promote technology, build infrastructure, and it must act to increase energy production at home so America is less dependent on foreign oil." [End of Story] />Copyright 2007 MarketWatch, Inc. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 38 Guardian Unlimited: China Denies Intent to Militarize Space From the Associated Press [UP] Monday January 22, 2007 8:16 PM WASHINGTON (AP) - Chinese Foreign ministry officials have told a visiting U.S. diplomat that China's successful test of an anti-satellite weapon should not be seen as a threat and does not signal the beginning of a race to militarize space, the State Department said Monday. Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill raised the issue with Chinese officials over the weekend in Beijing. China has not made a public announcement of the Jan. 11 test, in which it shot down one of its own old weather satellites, but officials acknowledged it during their meeting with Hill, State Department spokesman Sean McCormack said. Hill, who heads the State Department's East Asia bureau, told the Chinese they should be more forthcoming about their military activities and their defense budget. These issues have been a long-running concern of the United States, and McCormack said the Chinese have taken only ``baby steps'' thus far toward more openness. McCormack said the United States seeks ``greater understanding of exactly what their intent was'' in testing the anti-satellite weapon. He said Hill also asked for details of the test and what plans China may have for future tests. ``All of this is designed, really, to avoid any sort of misunderstandings, not only with the United States, but other countries around the world,'' McCormack said. Hill was in Beijing as part of a three-nation visit to exchange views on talks with North Korea over its nuclear weapons program. He also visited South Korea and Japan. In criticizing the test on Friday, the State Department said ``modern life as we know it'' depends on the security of space-based technology, whose uses include data transmission, communications and weather forecasting. Guardian Unlimited Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 39 Police match image of Litvinenko's real assassin Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2007 08:11:01 -0600 (CST) X-Sender-Host-Name: chumbly.math.missouri.edu X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-2556377,00.html Police match image of Litvinenko's real assassin with his death-bed description Daniel McGrory and Tony Halpin The polonium trail Police have identified the man they believe poisoned Alexander Litvinenko. The suspected killer was captured on cameras at Heathrow as he flew into Britain to carry out the murder. Friends of the ex-spy say that the man was a hired killer, sent by the Kremlin, who vanished hours after administering a deadly dose of radioactive polonium-210 to Litvinenko. He arrived in London on a forged EU passport and reportedly slipped the poison into a cup of tea he made for Litvinenko in a London hotel room. Litvinenko was reportedly able to give vital details of his suspected killer in a bedside interview with detectives just days before he died on November 23 at University College Hospital. Police have decided not to publish pictures of this man, who was seen on CCTV cameras as he flew in from Hamburg on November 1, the day that Litvinenko fell ill. He is described as being tall and powerfully built, in his early thirties with short, cropped black hair and distinctive Central Asian features. He reportedly travelled on the same flight as Dimitri Kovtun, a Russian businessman who is being investigated for trafficking the radioactive material used in the poison plot. Oleg Gordievsky, a former KGB agent and friend of Litvinenko, who has worked closely with police on the investigation, said: "This man is believed to have used a Lithuanian or Slovak passport. He did not check into any hotel in London using the name or that passport, and he left the country using another EU passport." German police are investigating how polonium-210 was found in various locations Mr Kovtun visited in Hamburg. According to police sources, until now it has not been revealed that Litvinenko visited a fourth-floor room at the Millennium Hotel to discuss a business deal. He had gone to the room with Mr Kovtun and another former Russian agent, Andrei Lugovoy. The three men were joined in the room later by the mystery figure who was introduced as "Vladislav". Mr Gordievsky told The Times yesterday how "Vladislav was described as someone who could help Mr Litvinenko win a lucrative contract with a Moscow-based private security company. "Sasha (his name for Litvinenko) remembered the man making him a cup of tea. "His belief is that the water from the kettle was only lukewarm and that the polonium-210 was added, which heated the drink through radiation so he had a hot cup of tea. The poison would have showed up in a cold drink," he added. The hotel room where Litvinenko thought he was poisoned remains sealed off. This room reportedly showed the heaviest concentration of polonium-210 found at a dozen locations across London. Both Mr Lugovoy and Mr Kovtun were questioned by Scotland Yard detectives in Moscow last month. They strenuously deny playing any role in the posion plot. Scotland Yard have asked to return to Russia so that they can continue their hunt for the suspected murderer, but have been told that they will not be allowed back until after a team of Russian investigators have completed their own inquiry in London. The fear is that the Russian investigators will use their trip to pursue enemies of President Vladimir Putin living in London. The Kremlin has offered an amnesty for some on its wanted list in return for information against Mr Putin's main foes given asylum in Britain. They are thought to include former executives of the fallen oil giant Yukos, whose assets have been seized by the Kremlin. Alexei Golubovich, former director of corporate finance and strategic planning at Yukos, came back from Italy this month after striking a deal with Russian prosecutors, who had issued an international warrant for his arrest. Mr Golubovich was held in Italy last year but fought off extradition attempts. He is now said to be co-operating actively with Russian prosecutors. The Kremlin agreed apparently to drop fraud charges if he returned to Moscow and provided testimony against Mikhail Khodorkovsky, the founder of Yukos, and his deputy, Leonid Nevzlin. Khodorkovsky was jailed for fraud and tax evasion in 2003 in what was widely seen as a government vendetta against the oligarch, who had been highly critical of President Putin. Mr Nevzlin fled to Israel. Yuri Chaika, the Prosecutor-General in Moscow, has accused Mr Nevzlin of involvement in Litvinenko's death, a charge dismissed by the former Yukos number two. Mr Nevzlin told The Times how Litvinenko flew to Israel shortly before he was poisoned to warn him about a plan by the Kremlin to claw back millions of pounds from exiled Yukos executives through a covert campaign of intimidation and murder. At least a dozen former Yukos personnel have been given asylum in Britain. Three attempts by the authorities in Moscow to have them sent back to Russia were blocked by the English courts. All these executives are understood to be on the list of people the Russian investigators want to question in their murder inquiry. Mr Chaika added to the intrigue this week by announcing that Moscow had "evidence of attempts to poison several witnesses in the Yukos case with mercury". He also asked Scotland Yard to investigate the sudden deaths of two Russians working in London, although police here insist the men died of natural causes. ------------------------------------------------- Progchat_action is a non-partisan and progressive political news weblog, chat, and action discussion alternative in cyberspace: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/progchat_action/ ***************************************************************** 40 iafrica.com: sa news Radiation-exposed workers to march JOHANNESBURG Tiisetso Motsoeneng Tue, 23 Jan 2007 Radiation-exposed workers will march to the Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa (Necsa) near Atteridgeville on Wednesday to demand that the corporation speed up their compensation, lobby group Earthlife Africa said on Tuesday. Workers, who are suffering from cancer, myetoma, asthma and other occupational related illnesses, are expected to assemble at the corner of Church Street and Masupa in Atteridgeville at 10am and arrive at Gate 3 of Pelindaba (Necsa) at 11am. Madibeng Municipality has granted permission for the march and therefore all affected workers, their families and community must support the cause, said Alfred Sepepe, the convener of the march. Earthlife Africa said most were very ill, out of work and penniless. "A 16th person among the 208 who were reviewed in terms of a health study commissioned by Earthlife Africa Johannesburg died during the first week in January," the lobby group said. Earthlife Africa said it began its investigation two years ago into unsafe practices of the nuclear giant after several workers were diagnosed with "unquestionable occupational-related diseases" which has since been referred to the Compensation Commissioner, but that Necsa still has not submitted the documentation required by law to the Commissioner. The lobby group said at least 52 more people were diagnosed with 72 probable diseases, which means several people have more than one occupational disease, but require additional expensive tests for a clarification. "Further information has repeatedly been requested from Necsa/Pelindaba for a significant number of other workers involved in this study who could not be definitively diagnosed because their Necsa medical files are gaping with inadequate information or have not surfaced," it said. I-Net Bridge Copyright 2002-2005 iafrica.com, a division of Metropolis* - a Primedia company ***************************************************************** 41 Las Vegas SUN: Judge moves 'Divine Strake' court hearing up to Jan. 31 LAS VEGAS (AP) - A federal judge has pushed forward by one day a scheduled hearing on a proposed non-nuclear explosion that over the Nevada desert. U.S. District Court Judge Lloyd George in Las Vegas cited a scheduling conflict in moving the date of the telephone conference call hearing from Feb. 1 to Jan. 31. A Justice Department lawyer in Washington, D.C., representing the federal Defense Threat Reduction Agency is due to provide an update on the proposal to detonate a 700-ton ammonium nitrate and fuel oil bomb at the Nevada Test Site, about 85 miles northwest of Las Vegas. No date has been set for the blast. Government officials have called the test explosion in Nevada important for gathering data about penetrating hardened and deeply buried targets. Critics have called the test a surrogate for a low-yield nuclear "bunker-buster" bomb, and expressed fears that it would scatter dust contaminated by 928 atmospheric and below-ground nuclear weapons tests at the test site from 1951 to 1992. The explosion was postponed last year after Western Shoshone tribe members and "downwinders" in Utah and Nevada filed suit, and Utah congressional representatives joined in questioning its safety. -- All contents copyright 2005 Las Vegas SUN, Inc. ***************************************************************** 42 San Bernardino County Sun: Plutonium crash a wake-up call Our view: Accident illustrates vulnerability of other roads that lead to proposed nuclear dump. Article Launched: 01/21/2007 12:00:00 AM PST The tractor-trailer that overturned Tuesday night on eastbound Interstate 40 may have had just a small amount of radioactive plutonium on board, and the 55-gallon drum it was in didn't burst, but we may not always be able to count ourselves so lucky. If anything, the close call last week highlights the extreme danger San Bernardino County residents face, if the Yucca Mountain Repository is allowed to open in Nevada, and many such trucks are hauling similarly dangerous nuclear-laden cargo across our highways. Though it's admittedly safer to store the spent nuclear fuel in one well-protected place than to have it stored at hundreds of less secure nuclear power plants across the country, transportation to the proposed dump, 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas, is an issue. Especially for those who live along the routes that run smack through the middle of San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Ventura counties. And while the Department of Energy maintains that nuclear waste has been shipped safely to disposal sites for more than 30 years, it still begs the question of the risk hundreds of thousands of Southern Californians would be exposed to by trucks and trains traveling through the Inland Empire and High Desert to get to the Nevada nuclear dump. Even by rail, the radioactive cargo would still travel through the Cajon Pass and across the desert. Tuesday's load concealed a hidden weapon - less than 4 grams of plutonium-238 nestled in with various and sundry products. But why isn't it ferried by a dedicated truck or train, rather than commercial carriers? And why isn't this stuff clearly marked, so people know the hazard? If it wasn't for an observant battalion chief, firefighters might not have even known there was radiation to contend with. The Yucca Mountain nuclear-waste dump, first proposed in 1982 and targeted to open in 1998, now has a projected opening date of 2017. It has been fraught with problems, from lawsuits to funding shortfalls to scientific controversy. Not least of which is ensuring that the safety of hundreds of thousands of people in San Bernardino County is not put in jeopardy. Los Angeles Newspaper Group ***************************************************************** 43 Salt Lake Tribune: Speak out on bomb Editorials Public Forum Letter Article Last Updated: 01/22/2007 07:16:37 PM MST I am delighted that Gov. Jon Huntsman wants Utah to have a say in Divine Strake, the planned test of the 700-ton chemical bomb over the old atomic weapons test site in Nevada. As with those atomic tests in the '50s, which produced a generation of downwinders, the federal government has assured the public that this test will pose no health risks. Yet, common sense suggests that when you explode a bomb that produces a 10,000-foot mushroom cloud, a certain amount of that old radioactive dust will be picked up and travel wherever the wind blows - often toward Utah. Furthermore, the concerns are not just for the immediate and long-term health effects of the blast, but also the fact that this test is merely preliminary to developing a whole new generation of low-yield nuclear weapons called "bunker busters." So, as we scold and threaten nations like North Korea and Iran on their nuclear weapons programs, isn't our own plan to develop new nuclear weapons incredibly hypocritical? Fortunately, Gov. Huntsman, along with many of us, has serious concerns about the safety of this test and has scheduled public hearings in Salt Lake on Jan. 24 from 5:30 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. in Room 135, West Capitol Building. Let's take advantage of this opportunity to speak out. Keller Higbee Salt Lake City © Copyright 2006, The Salt Lake Tribune. ***************************************************************** 44 Spectrum: Commission opposes Divine Strake The Spectrum, St. George, UT www.thespectrum.com - Tuesday, January 23, 2007 By KEN PETERSON kpeterson@thespectrum.com ST. GEORGE - Washington County Commissioners issued a statement Monday saying they are opposed to Divine Strake and any other similarly designed weapons experiment. "I think it's what we said all along," Commissioner Denny Drake said. "Without further information, we are not willing to support Divine Strake. We certainly don't want to endanger life and property in our area based on the two environmental assessments, which contain conflicting information, and with which people, including our own congressional delegation, are not comfortable." The statement was a surprise as late last week two Commissioners - Jim Eardley and Alan Gardner - hinted that they might support the proposed test to detonate 700 tons of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil at the Nevada Test Site. The Commission's position now equals that of the governor's office and the cities of Springdale and St. George, which have also decried the test. According to its press release, the Commission will remain opposed until the federal government completes a full and complete Environmental Impact Study that demonstrates the continued safety of the community. And the study process must be "transparent and open" for the public to study, review and give comment. "There is no conflict within the County Commission," Drake said. "All three Commissioners are opposed to Divine Strake." According to the press release, Commissioners said the study process must be "transparent and open" for the public to study, review and give comment. "I want to see the results of the Environmental Impact Study and see if the discrepancies in the Environmental Assessments are resolved before taking any further position,"Gardner said. The proposed test has raised concerns among those living in Nevada, Utah and Idaho. When the Defense Threat Reduction Agency set up open house exhibits of the test, which were criticized by residents because they did not allow for public input, Utah Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr. instigated his own set of hearings - one in St. George and the other in Salt Lake City - overseen by the state's Department of Environmental Quality. Originally published January 23, 2007 ***************************************************************** 45 Daily Herald: Judge moves 'Divine Strake' court hearing up to Jan. 31 Tuesday, January 23, 2007 Daily Herald The Associated Press LAS VEGAS -- A federal judge has pushed forward by one day a scheduled hearing on a proposed non-nuclear explosion that authorities say would send a mushroom-shaped dust cloud high over the Nevada desert. U.S. District Court Judge Lloyd George in Las Vegas cited a scheduling conflict in moving the date of the telephone conference call hearing from Feb. 1 to Jan. 31. A Justice Department lawyer in Washington, D.C., representing the federal Defense Threat Reduction Agency is due to provide an update on the proposal to detonate a 700-ton ammonium nitrate and fuel oil bomb at the Nevada Test Site, about 85 miles northwest of Las Vegas. No date has been set for the blast. Government officials have called the test explosion in Nevada important for gathering data about penetrating hardened and deeply buried targets. Critics have called the test a surrogate for a low-yield nuclear "bunker-buster" bomb, and expressed fears that it would scatter dust contaminated by 928 atmospheric and below-ground nuclear weapons tests at the test site from 1951 to 1992. The explosion was postponed last year after Western Shoshone tribe members and "downwinders" in Utah and Nevada filed suit, and Utah congressional representatives joined in questioning its safety. This story appeared in The Daily Herald on page D2. Copyright 2007 Daily Herald and Lee Enterprises ***************************************************************** 46 Scotsman.com: A nuclear legacy of shame - and voices that won't fall silent 24 Jan 2007 STRUAN STEVENSON KIZAT Kuzembayev stands proudly to attention as we enter his tiny cancer ward in the hospital in Semipalatinsk. Medals are pinned to his dressing gown indicating his status as an important war hero. He is 79 years old and suffering from terminal stomach cancer. In 1953, he was one of 42 healthy young men selected by the Soviet military regime as human guinea pigs. The small group was taken to the village of Karaul in the remote steppe of East Kazakhstan. Local villagers had been evacuated and Mr Kuzembayev and his colleagues were ordered to leave the shelter of the village houses to watch an atomic explosion from a nearby hill, only 30 miles from the test site. Mr Kuzembayev recalls the nuclear blast in vivid detail. He saw the sky turn red as if a huge fire had engulfed the landscape from horizon to horizon. As the ground trembled beneath his feet and the hellish roar of the atomic weapon swamped Karaul, he watched the fiery sky turn black, then grey, with piercing white and red spirals of flame shooting skywards, while the writhing stalk of the monstrous mushroom cloud unfolded. Mr Kuzembayev feels fortunate to have lived to see his 80th year. He is the only surviving member of this group of nuclear guinea pigs. The other 41 each died of cancer. From 1949 until 1990, the Soviet Union used the Semipalatinsk region of East Kazakhstan as a nuclear testing site. Hidden from the world, this top-secret site the size of France was subjected to 607 nuclear explosions, including 26 aboveground tests, 124 atmospheric tests and 457 underground. Cynically, the military scientists would wait until the wind was blowing in the direction of the remote Kazakh villages before detonating their nuclear devices. KGB doctors would then closely study the effects of nuclear radiation on their own population. The 1.5 million population of the "Polygon" in East Kazakhstanwere subjected to the equivalent of 20,000 Hiroshima bombs. Seepage from the underground tests has polluted watercourses and streams. Farmland has been heavily irradiated. Radioactive contamination has entered the food chain. Now cancers run at five times the national average. Cancers of the throat, lungs and breasts are particularly common. Twelve-year-old girls have developed mammary cancer. Birth defects are three times the national average. Babies and farm animals are born with terrible deformities. Children are mentally retarded and Downs Syndrome is common. Virtually all children suffer from anaemia. Many of the young men are impotent. Many of the young women are afraid to become pregnant in case they give birth to defective babies. Psychological disorders are rife. Suicides are widespread, especially among young men and even, alarmingly among children. Fourteen children and teenagers committed suicide in Karaul village alone last year, including an eleven year old boy and a twelve year old girl. Average life expectancy is 52, compared to 59 outside the Polygon. In the village of Znamenka, the local doctor introduces us to a group of patients. Znamenka was one of the villages worst affected by the nuclear tests and many of the inhabitants are ill. Cancers are rife. A man of 25 is led towards us. His mother grips his hand tightly. His head is almost entirely covered by a cancerous tumour, covering his eyes so that he can no longer see. Disconcertingly he says "Ciao" and then we learn that 5 years ago he was sent to Italy to have the tumour surgically removed, paid for by Japanese donors. Sadly, it began to grown again last year and his mother fears it will slowly kill him. She is only 57 years old, but looks like a woman of 80, the struggle to survive etched on her deeply tanned face. Nearby, a mother holds her young daughter who was born with a cleft palate and harelip. The child clutches a cuddly Loch Ness Monster - given to her by Cold Feet star Kimberley Joseph - and tries to smile through her awful deformity. The doctor says that the cost of flying the child and her mother to the West for surgery is well beyond their means. After speeches from the village elders I give the local head teacher $250 and a large crate of sweatshirts and caps from sportswear company Nike. I explain that this is for the local children and yet, in the face of such appalling conditions, it seems wholly inadequate. The village of Sarzhal was only 10 miles from ground zero when the first nuclear tests were carried out. A man of 80 comes to the lectern. He is a decorated war veteran who served his country at the Battle of Stalingrad. In a dignified and quiet voice he explains that only two years ago he was a happily married grandfather with ten children and grandchildren. Now, 24 months later, his wife is dead from cancer, 8 of his children and grand- children have died from cancer and of his 2 remaining grandchildren, his eldest grand-daughter passed her business studies diploma in Semipalatinsk only last year, then committed suicide, overwhelmed by the tragedy engulfing her family. A middle-aged woman begins to sob quietly at the back of the hall. An elderly man wipes tears from his cheeks. I turn to look at Kimberley who is biting her lips, tears coursing down her face. On cue, the sky suddenly darkens and the library trembles as thunder roars across the steppe, almost as if the nuclear tests have begun again. A torrential downpour rattles on the corrugated roof, echoing the tears flowing inside. In the village of Kainar, among the foothills of a low mountain range, villagers in national Kazakh costume have gathered outside a yurta, or nomadic tent, to welcome our group. A sheep has been killed in our honour and I am asked to slice meat from the roasted head which sits forlornly on a wide dish, horns attached. Traditionally, the ears must be cut off first, as the greatest delicacy and offered to the most honoured guest. Kimberley gracefully declines. Endless toasts are offered washed down with soured mare's milk or vodka. The wise choose vodka! Our final village visit in the Polygon is to Karaul. In the medical centre we are ushered into the room of a beautiful 14-year old girl called Aigul. She stands as we enter. She is wearing a trendy tee shirt with 'love 7' emblazoned on the front and a pair of flared jeans. She has incredibly sad eyes. The chief doctor explains that, like all other children in the area, Aigul has chronic anaemia. However, they have been unable to get her blood back to normal and she now has chronic hepatitis, kidney failure and the onset of scoliosis - the condition where the spine can no longer bear the weight of the head and begins to bend painfully. Aigul listens to our expressions of sympathy, her sad eyes telling us that she only yearns to be like any other teenage girl, away from this place of pain and suffering. Karaul is in the Abay district of East Kazakhstan, named after the great Kazakh poet and humanitarian Abay Kunanbaev. It was Abay who translated the works of Robert Burns and Robert Louis Stevenson into Kazakh. It seems to be the ultimate irony that Stalin should choose the home of this national icon, who wrote about love and humanity, as the site of his nuclear tests. It was Robert Louis Stevenson who said - "The cruellest lies are often told in silence." But the people of Semipalatinsk refused to suffer in silence any longer. It was their bravery and their resistance in confronting the might of the USSR that brought this sickening episode to an end. Now it is the task of everyone to help rebuild this shattered landscape and to provide real help to these victims of the Cold War. Copyright © 2004 Struan Stevenson ***************************************************************** 47 Deseret News: County joins foes of Divine Strake Tuesday, January 23, 2007 By Nancy Perkins Deseret Morning News ST. GEORGE The Washington County Commission on Monday issued a formal statement opposing the federal government's plan to conduct a non-nuclear weapons test at the Nevada Test Site. "Legitimate concerns about Divine Strake have been raised," the statement reads. "To assure the safety and well-being of our citizenry, these concerns must be carefully studied and evaluated before a decision is made to proceed with the proposed detonation." Washington County's three elected commissioners join Springdale and St. George in opposing the proposed underground explosion. Earlier this month, St. George Mayor Dan McArthur read a statement, supported by the City Council, that "strongly opposes" Divine Strake and any related testing at the Nevada Test Site. "The city of St. George has a unique history due to its proximity to the Nevada nuclear-test site during the atomic age," according to the city's statement issued last Thursday. "Thousands of early deaths of those living in southern Utah and the surrounding areas have been attributed to nuclear testing during the 1950s and 1960s at the site. Many St. George residents and others have suffered incalculable loss as a result of radioactive-fallout exposure from the detonations at the site." While the county commissioners expressed opposition to Divine Strake in their statement, their position also includes guarded support of the test if it proves to be necessary to safeguard American liberty and well-being, said Dean Cox, the county's public-affairs officer. "This statement recognizes we have legitimate national safety concerns to consider and that it's conceivable that tests like these may need to be done in the future," said Cox. "The statement is not a blanket rejection or a blanket endorsement of such testing." Cox said the commissioners would remain opposed to Divine Strake "until the federal government finishes a full and complete environmental-impact statement which clearly demonstrates the continued safety of our citizens." The second of two public hearings scheduled by Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr. to discuss Divine Strake will take place Wednesday from 5:30 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. at the Utah State Capital, West Building, Room 135. Nearly 300 people attended a public hearing in St. George last week. Huntsman already has expressed opposition to Divine Strake and is planning on attending Wednesday's hearing, according to the governor's staff. A transcript of the hearing will be included in Huntsman's comment letter to the National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office opposing the experiment. E-mail: nperkins@desnews.com 2007 Deseret News Publishing Company [ /] ***************************************************************** 48 reviewjournal.com: YUCCA MOUNTAIN: 'It may be time to stop digging' Jan. 23, 2007 Years of flaws have killed repository, NRC member says By STEVE TETREAULTSTEPHENS WASHINGTON BUREAU WASHINGTON -- Ed McGaffigan, a veteran member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, said Monday that the Yucca Mountain program is deeply flawed and that the Nevada nuclear waste site should be scrapped. "It may be time to stop digging, and it may be time to rethink," McGaffigan said in a critique of the Energy Department program as he prepares to retire from the five-member commission that regulates nuclear safety. Speaking to a group of reporters, the official said the Nevada site probably could be licensed "if it had been handled properly through the years." But he said it has been doomed by failures in Congress to correct flaws in nuclear waste laws and by Energy Department missteps, including appointment of some directors "who really weren't cut out for the job." "I think Yucca Mountain has been beset by bad law, bad regulatory policy, bad science policy, bad personnel policy, bad budget policy throughout its history," McGaffigan said. "Every time somebody has done something to try to speed things up, it has backfired. "Each year that passes, we are not going to get any closer to Yucca under the current circumstances," McGaffigan said. The Energy Department has projected a 2017 repository opening, but he said 2025-2027 would be more realistic. McGaffigan, 58, has been an NRC commissioner since 1996, making him the longest-serving member in the agency's 32-year history. He is undergoing treatment for metastatic melanoma, an aggressive cancer that he has said he does not expect to defeat. McGaffigan, who is a physicist, has questioned the Yucca program in the past. But his comments Monday were among the strongest and most direct of any federal official watching over the project. In another instance, physicist Paul Craig resigned from the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board, a DOE advisory group, in 2004 to speak out against what he saw as safety and design flaws in the proposed repository. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has monitored DOE's work at the Nevada site, and its leaders would pass judgment on the repository's safety and operational plan when the department submits an application for a license. McGaffigan's views were embraced by critics of the Yucca program, although some wondered why he waited to make them public. McGaffigan said he felt free to speak as a private citizen as his NRC tenure comes to an end. Energy Department spokesman Craig Stevens said the criticism from McGaffigan was "highly predictable." "It is good that we are going to get somebody new with open eyes to look at this at the NRC," Stevens said, referring to McGaffigan's successor who has not yet been named. McGaffigan "is tainted in our view," Stevens said. "We believe there is no better place to store spent nuclear fuel than in the middle of the desert in the belly of a mountain," Stevens said. Rep. Shelley Berkley, D-Nev., said she plans to broadcast McGaffigan's views to other lawmakers as Congress resumes debate on nuclear waste disposal. "This is akin to the generals who are leaving Iraq and speaking their minds once they are in a position to do so," Berkley said. McGaffigan "is serving in a very important position where he has had an opportunity over a period of time to get input from both sides, and he has come out squarely against Yucca Mountain." Michele Boyd, energy legislative director at the Public Citizen, a watchdog group that opposes the repository, called McGaffigan's comments "stunning." But, Boyd said, "I find it disturbing that he waited until he was leaving office to start saying these things. The bottom line is that these facts about the dubiousness of the project should have been brought up before." McGaffigan said the Energy Department was able to open the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico because the state thought development of the nuclear mixed-waste site was a fair process. That was not the case in Nevada, which was singled out for high-level nuclear waste by Congress in a 1987 law known as the "Screw Nevada" bill, he said. Now given opposition from Nevada leaders, McGaffigan said the department has "no chance" to get Congress to pass legislation it needs to fix the Yucca program. He said DOE officials knew as far back as the Clinton administration they were going to run into problems with land withdrawals, water rights and exemptions for toxic waste handling at Yucca Mountain. The department did not pursue solutions aggressively because, McGaffigan said he was told, the department's thinking was that Nevada was going to back down eventually. McGaffigan endorsed formation of a government-chartered corporation with a bipartisan board of directors to run the repository project and bring in long-term managers rather than political appointees. "You have to have people who are going to be there for a while, who can approach the issue analytically and not emotionally," McGaffigan said. "Having these rotating sets of leaders doesn't serve anybody's interest." In the meantime, he said, "I think realistically we should be starting to look at other sites." "We have to look, and maybe we can create incentives and find a state, if it is a fair process, but it would have to be a fair process." Copyright Las Vegas Review-Journal, 1997 - 2007 ***************************************************************** 49 AU ABC: States urged to drop uranium shipment bans More About ABC Northern Territory Tuesday, 23 January 2007. 20:39 (AEDT)Tuesday, 23 January 2007. Mining heavyweights say inconsistencies on uranium transport are obstacles to growth. (File photo) ABC TV The Federal Resources Minister, Ian Macfarlane, has called on state governments to remove restrictions on the shipment of uranium from their ports. Mining heavyweights met government officials in Canberra today to discuss the transport and regulatory problems facing the industry. They have named inconsistent regulation by the states and territories and uranium transport bans as obstacles to growth. Darwin is currently the only Australian port shipping uranium and Mr Macfarlane says that needs to change before more uranium mines open. "There are already other ports in Australia handling radioactive material, so uranium shouldn't be singled out on a political basis," he said. "We'd be urging both the industry and the state governments to follow the lead of the Northern Territory Government and ensure that export access to ports is available." The Federal Government has also called on governments to clarify the royalty obligations for the operators of future uranium mines, especially for sites where uranium is not the only mineral extracted. Mr Macfarlane says a clearer system is needed. "The Commonwealth and the Territory Government are currently in discussions about the issue of royalties," he said. "We understand that the industry needs certainty in this area and that a case-by-case basis is not always the best way to move forward." ***************************************************************** 50 ENS: Geothermal Heat Mining Promises Abundant, Cheap Energy Environment News Service (ENS) CAMBRIDGE, Massachusetts, January 22, 2007 (ENS) - Mining the heat that resides as stored energy in the Earth's hard rock crust beneath the United States could supply a substantial portion of the electricity the country will need in the future, probably at competitive prices and with minimal environmental impact, new research shows. Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, the study is the first in 30 years to take a new look at geothermal energy, a source that has been largely ignored. "We've determined that heat mining can be economical in the short term, based on a global analysis of existing geothermal systems, an assessment of the total U.S. resource, and continuing improvements in deep-drilling and reservoir stimulation technology," said Jefferson Tester. [Tester] MIT Professor Jefferson Tester points to a geothermal map of the United States. (Photo by Donna Coveney courtesy ) The professor of chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, headed the 18 member international panel that prepared the study. Although geothermal energy is produced commercially today and the United States is the world's biggest producer, existing U.S. plants have focused on the high-grade geothermal systems located in isolated regions of the west. The new study, "The Future of Geothermal Energy," takes a fresh look at this resource and evaluates its potential for wider deployment. The study shows that drilling several wells to reach hot rock and connecting them to a fractured rock region that has been stimulated to let water flow through it creates a heat-exchanger that can produce large amounts of hot water or steam to run electric generators at the surface. Unlike conventional fossil-fuel power plants that burn coal, natural gas or oil, no fuel would be required for this enhanced geothermal system, EGS, technology. And unlike wind and solar systems, a geothermal plant works night and day, offering a non-interruptible source of electric power. [geysers] The largest geothermal field in the world is The Geysers, near San Francisco, California. (Photo courtesy ) To develop geothermal as a major electricity supplier for the nation, the panel recommends more detailed and site-specific assessments of the U.S. geothermal resource and a three to five year federal commitment to demonstrate the EGS concept in the field at commercial scale. Panel member David Blackwell, professor of geophysics at Southern Methodist University in Texas, points out that geothermal resources are available nationwide, although the highest-grade sites are in western states, where hot rocks are closer to the surface, requiring less drilling and producing the energy at lower cost. The environmental impacts of geothermal development are "markedly lower than conventional fossil-fuel and nuclear power plants," the panel concluded "This environmental advantage is due to low emissions and the small overall footprint of the entire geothermal system, which results because energy capture and extraction is contained entirely underground, and the surface equipment needed for conversion to electricity is relatively compact," Tester said. But meeting water requirements for geothermal plants may be an issue, particularly in arid regions, the panel notes, adding that the potential for seismic risk needs to be carefully monitored and managed. Even in the most promising areas, drilling must reach depths of 5,000 feet or more in the west, and much deeper in the eastern United States for the EGS technology to perform. Still, "the possibility of drilling into these rocks, fracturing them and pumping water in to produce steam has already been shown to be feasible," said panel member M. Nafi Toksoz, professor of geophysics at MIT. Toksoz says the electricity produced annually by geothermal energy systems now in use in the United States at sites in California, Hawaii, Utah and Nevada is comparable to that produced by solar and wind power combined. Some 58 new geothermal energy projects are already under development in the United States, according to a November 2006 survey by the Geothermal Energy Association, GEA, an industry trade group, which says federal and state incentives to promote geothermal energy are paying off. This represents the U.S. geothermal industrys most dramatic wave of expansion since the 1980s, said Karl Gawell, GEAs executive director. "We are seeing a geothermal power renaissance in the U.S." These projects, when developed, would provide up to 2,250 megawatts of electric power capacity, enough to serve the needs of 1.8 million households. [geothermal] The Heber Geothermal Power Station operated by Imperial Power Services is located in Imperial County, California. The facility began commercial operation in July 1985. (Photo Wayne Gretz courtesy ) This would almost double installed U.S. geothermal power capacity to over 5,000 megawatts, according to GEA, producing electric power roughly equivalent to all U.S. wind facilities operating in 2005. Government funded research into geothermal energy was active in the 1970s and early 1980s, but as oil prices declined in the mid-1980s, enthusiasm for alternative energy sources waned, and funding for research on geothermal power was reduced. "Now that energy concerns have resurfaced, an opportunity exists for the U.S. to pursue the EGS option aggressively to meet long-term national needs," Tester observed. On December 20, President George W. Bush signed legislation to extend federal tax credits through 2008 for for renewable energy and energy efficiency projects including geothermal power. The measure provides a similar one-year tax credit extension for new properties that produce geothermal power. In its report, the panel recommends that the shallow, extra-hot, high-grade deposits in the west should be explored and tested first. Other geothermal resources such as co-produced hot water associated with oil and gas production and geopressured resources could be pursued as short-term options. Copyright Environment News Service (ENS) 2006. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 51 Platts: NRC's McGaffigan says US should start over on waste disposal Washington (Platts)--22Jan2007 The US government should start over in its effort to develop a long-term solution to nuclear waste disposal by turning over management of the project to a government-owned corporation, Nuclear Regulatory Commission member Edward McGaffigan said Monday. Speaking at the Platts Energy Podium, McGaffigan said there are so many problems plaguing the US Department of Energy's proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, that the agency should begin looking at alternative sites. He said his comments were his personal views and did not represent the NRC's position. As a he first step to reforming the nuclear waste program, McGaffigan suggested that a group of experts be appointed to develop recommendations, similar to the recent Iraq Study Group. He said a government-chartered corporation with a bipartisan board--like the Tennessee Valley Authority model--would be the best way to run the program because it would eliminate the frequent turnover of political appointees that currently head DOE's civilian nuclear waste office. "Things nuclear have to be stable across presidencies and across Congresses because they take so long" to implement, he said. --Jenny Weil, jenny_weil@platts.com Copyright 2007 - Platts, All Rights Reserved [The McGraw-Hill Companies] ***************************************************************** 52 Patriot Ledger: Nuke board wont force Pilgrim plant to address fuel storage 400 Crown Colony Drive P.O. Box 699159 Quincy, MA 02269-9159 (617) 786-7000 SouthofBoston.com By JULIE JETTE The Patriot Ledger The board that controls the Nuclear Regulatory Commission has rejected a bid by former Attorney General Thomas Reilly to force the Pilgrim nuclear power plant to address the risks of storing an additional 20 years worth of used fuel at the plant. Reillys attempt to force Pilgrim to address its spent-fuel storage had been rejected earlier by the Atomic Safety Licensing Board, a panel of judges that reviewed objections to Pilgrims license extension. Reilly appealed to the NRCs governing board. Pilgrims parent company, New Orleans-based Entergy Corp., is seeking to extend the power plants operation from 2012 to 2032. In 1996, when the NRC established rules to allow plants to extend their licenses, regulators declared that issues of spent-fuel storage were common to all plants and that the possibility of accidents involving storage were so remote that individual plants did not have to address storage issues in license-extension requests. Reilly argued that new information shows that a fire in a spent-fuel pool, such as the one Pilgrim uses to store used fuel rods, would be catastrophic. Lawyers for the Attorney Generals Office argued Pilgrim should address the risk of such accidents in its application to extend its license. At the same time that Reilly tried to get regulators to force Pilgrim to address its fuel storage, he also filed a proposal to change the rules that regulators use in considering extending licenses. In its order rejecting Reillys argument, the NRCs governing commission said his attempt to change the rules - which apply to all plants, not just Pilgrim - is a more appropriate way to address the spent-fuel issues. Changes to NRC rules can take years, however, and the commission also rejected a recommendation by Reilly that Pilgrims relicensing be delayed until a decision is made whether to change the rule. Since filing his objections, Reilly has been replaced by Martha Coakley. A spokeswoman for Coakleys office said lawyers are reviewing the decision. Copyright 2007 The Patriot Ledger Transmitted Tuesday, January 23, 2007 The Patriot Ledger, 400 Crown Colony Drive P.O. Box 699159, Quincy, MA 02269-9159 Telephone: (617) 786-7000 ***************************************************************** 53 Rutland Herald: NRC dismisses spent fuel concerns Rutland Vermont News & Information January 23, 2007 By DANIEL BARLOW Herald Staff BRATTLEBORO The Nuclear Regulatory Commission on Monday rejected an environmental contention from the Massachusetts Attorney General's Office that raised concerns over the storage of spent fuel at Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant beyond 2012. The decision by the five-member panel that oversees the NRC upheld two previous decisions by the Atomic Safety &Licensing Board, the quasi-judicial panel that is considering the proposal to extend Vermont Yankee's operation by 20 years. The 10-page decision by the NRC commission states that alleged vulnerabilities surrounding the spent fuel pool at power plants, including fires or terrorist attacks, are beyond the scope of the environmental review. But the NRC did state it was open to possibly changing its own rules based on testimony from the attorney general. Soon after it filed its contention regarding spent fuel, the office also filed a petition to change the NRC's rules governing the issue, which is now being considered. The rule-making petition raises the same issue as the contention: that based on new information the NRC should reconsider the role of potential risks with spent fuel pools. The NRC wrote that this is a "more appropriate avenue" for that question. The NRC did also strike down the request from the attorney general that the proceedings for license extension for Vermont Yankee and Pilgrim Nuclear Power station in Plymouth, Mass., be suspended as the NRC considers the change in rules. The commission added that, depending on the timing and the final result of the decision on the rule change, the new information offered by the state of Massachusetts could be factored into the process unfolding on the Vermont Yankee license extension. "The commission, in short, has in place various procedures for considering new and significant environmental information," the decision read in part. "Thus, whatever the ultimate fate of the Mass. AG's new information claim, admitting the Mass. AG's contention for a adjudicatory hearing." The Massachusetts Attorney General's Office could not be reached for comment Monday. The NRC's ruling comes just days after the U.S. Supreme Court chose not to hear an appeal from the owners of the Diablo Canyon Power Plant in California in a battle over storage of spent fuel at that site. That ruling, which came down on Jan. 19, is expected to force the NRC to begin considering possible terrorist attacks as part of the environmental review of the storage of spent fuel at nuclear plants. It was not known Monday the affect of that ruling on Yankee's application. The NRC has set a deadline of March 19 to receive written comments regarding the rewriting of its rules regarding spent fuel storage. ***************************************************************** 54 Herald: Dounreay Given Goahead To Construct 100m Plant To Deal With Waste January 23 2007 The UK Atomic Energy Authority yesterday won permission to construct a 100m plant to deal with the most hazardous radioactive waste at Dounreay, but financial shortfalls could delay the work. The Caithness area committee of Highland Council gave outline permission for the construction of three buildings, covering an area the size of a football pitch, that are key to decommissioning the Dounreay site. The largest is the intermediate level waste cementation plant and store, designed to immobilise and encapsulate more than 30 years' worth of intermediate level liquid waste from fast reactor reprocessing and provide for its secure storage until a national repository is available.continued... There are 200 cubic metres of waste and the walls of the proposed plant will have to be 3ft thick, said Colin Punler, UKAEA's communications manager at Dounreay yesterday. He said: "About 80% of the radioactive waste hazard at Dounreay is contained in these liquids which are stored underground at the moment. They arose from the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. "One of the priorities of the decommissioning programme is to get that waste into a solid form that can be stored safely for future generations. The waste is put into cement and then into drums. "It is one of the most significant elements in the site restoration programme. This waste is the largest single hazard on the site." Construction is due to begin in 2008 and 120 jobs should be created. It is expected to take four years to build and commission, allowing the waste to be treated by 2017. It is also planned to take parts of reactor components and subject them to cementation. However, the development comes at a time of uncertainty for Dounreay as the Nuclear Decommissioning Agency (NDA), the body which finances the decommissioning programme, tries to make up a deficit of 200m. Half the NDA's income comes from its commercial activities, but just before Christmas it announced projected shortfalls largely because of the giant Thorp international reprocessing plant at Sellafield in Cumbria. It was supposed to contribute 560m towards the NDA's annual budget of 2.2bn, but it has been shut since May 2005 following a major leak of uranium and plutonium fuel. There has also been a drop in projected income from Magnox nuclear power stations while faults have led to major repairs at British Nuclear Group sites at Hunterston and Hinkley Point. The NDA has written to operators of the 20 sites being decommissioned urging them to identify savings in the coming financial year. It is believed that Dounreay's grant for 2007/08 could be cut back by 57m, around a quarter of this year's budget of 277m, and may mean the shedding of up to 500 jobs. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without is prohibited. Copyright Newsquest (Herald & Times) Limited. All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 55 Energy Daily: U.S. Should Rethink Yucca--Retiring NRC Commissioner - By Jeff Beattie January 23, 2007 The United States may need "to go back to the beginning" in its efforts to build a national spent reactor fuel repository, and abandon the beleaguered Yucca Mountain project in Nevada in favor of a new repository plan at a different location, retiring Nuclear Regulatory Commission member Edward McGaffigan said Monday. "It may be time to stop digging" at Yucca, said McGaffigan, explaining that he thought the project has been undermined by "bad law, bad regulatory policy, bad personnel policy...bad budget policy" and other problems "throughout its history." "Realistically, we should probably be starting to look at new sites," said McGaffigan, the longest-serving NRC commissioner with more than 10 years of service. McGaffigan recently announced that he will leave NRC for health reasons as soon as President Bush finds a replacement. Speaking at a press conference sponsored by Platts, McGaffigan spoke expansively about the challenges NRC faces--particularly given current federal budget constraints--as U.S. utilities consider building up to 29 new reactors in the coming years. The buzz of activity comes after a long period of relative dormancy for the U.S. nuclear industry, which has not ordered a new nuclear reactor since the 1979 accident at Three Mile Island. In assessing the surge of interest, McGaffigan described a handful of merchant generator proposals to build new reactors as "among the most serious" of the proposed projects that he sees on the horizon. But McGaffigan's most extensive comments were on how the nation should move ahead in finding a long-term solution for defense-related high-level waste and radioactive spent fuel rods currently building up at dozens of commercial reactor sites nationwide. Broadly speaking, he noted that experts worldwide for years have generally agreed that geologic burial is the best way to manage spent fuel and said that developing those repositories is not impossible. As examples, he cited Finland's progress in siting a national repository, and U.S. success years in ago in building the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), an underground disposal facility for transuranic waste in New Mexico. McGaffigan also had warm praise for Edward "Ward" Sproat, director of the Energy Department's Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, which is responsible for developing Yucca. In Sproat and his colleagues, "DOE has the best people they have ever had running this program," McGaffigan said Monday. But McGaffigan said DOE's efforts to develop Yucca have been badly hampered over the years by frequent changeover in Yucca leadership, inconsistent funding and ineffective legislative attempts to fix problems with the program, among other challenges. Taken together, those types of problems are likely to continue delaying Yucca, McGaffigan said, noting that when he arrived at NRC in 1996 Yucca was scheduled to open in 2010. "I arrived at the commission 14 years from the alleged opening date of Yucca, and I leave the commission 20 years from the alleged opening date," said McGaffigan, citing recent DOE projections Yucca could open between 2025 and 2027. To take control of the spent fuel problem, McGaffigan said it might make sense to form a government corporation, whose leaders would be picked by a board of directors and would not need congressional approval. That would provide for more leadership stability over time, and insulate the leaders somewhat from political forces, he said. McGaffigan described the plan as a "government-owned back-of-the-fuel-cycle corporation `a la TVA," referring to the Tennessee Valley Authority. Former TVA Chairman Craven Crowell has also called for formation of a government corporation to manage U.S. spent fuel, McGaffigan noted. McGaffigan said such a corporation could also assume responsibility for the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP), the Bush administration's marquee nuclear recycling initiative. Among other goals, GNEP is aimed at restarting spent fuel processing in the United States, a process that extracts elements of spent fuel and re-manufactures it into new fuel. Ideally, that also reduces the volume and toxicity of high-level waste that would need to be buried. McGaffigan said reprocessing could help the nation manage its spent fuel once the underlying technologies are fully developed, but that "GNEP is not going to come in and save the day" in the near term. ***************************************************************** 56 Scotsman.com: 100m Dounreay waste store plan wins approval Tue 23 Jan 2007 JOHN ROSS A £100 MILLION plant to treat radioactive waste at Dounreay has been given the green light. It is hoped that work can start next year on the building - a key part of the £2.9 billion programme to decommission Dounreay by 2033. The construction phase is estimated to create about 120 jobs. However, doubt remains on whether the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) will release the funds to allow the work to start on time. The new plant at the Caithness site will allow waste liquids - a legacy of reprocessing work presently stored in 5,500 underground tanks - to be solidified in cement and put in steel drums, using robots. The UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) will then store the material for up to 100 years, pending a national strategy for long-term storage or disposal of intermediate-level waste. Highland Council planning officials had recommended approval of the facility, subject to conditions, and the council's Caithness-area planning committee yesterday approved outline planning permission. However, there is a doubt over the money being made available next year due to cuts being implemented by the NDA to tackle an estimated £160 million shortfall in its £2.2 billion annual budget. That has been largely caused by a loss of anticipated income from the reprocessing plant at Sellafield, which has been shut since May 2005 after a major leak of nuclear fuel. The NDA, which oversees 20 reactor plants being shut down, has asked site contractors to suggest projects that could be axed this year. It is feared that up to 500 posts could go at Dounreay if projects are delayed. Colin Punler, spokesman for the UKAEA at Dounreay, said: "Eighty per cent of the radioactive waste hazard at Dounreay is contained within liquid waste stored underground. One of our priorities is to get that waste into a solid form that can be stored safely." It is planned to start processing the liquid by 2012 and the project would be completed by 2017. Meanwhile, Highlands and Islands Enterprise, Highland Council, the NDA, the Scottish Executive and the local MP, John Thurso, have agreed a partnership structure to implement a plan to regenerate the local economy following the closure of Dounreay. ***************************************************************** 57 [NukeNet] New nuke plans are up in the air Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2007 16:38:51 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (192.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/asection/la-na-nuke23jan23,1,4353266.story?coll=la-news-a_section New nuke plans are up in the air A joint effort by two nuclear labs to design the new warhead has yet to advance. By Ralph Vartabedian, Times Staff Writer January 23, 2007 An effort to design the nation's first new nuclear bomb in two decades has run into delays, as top experts question whether a bureaucratic compromise could hamper the new weapon's effectiveness. The Bush administration was expected to select a winning design from two proposals in late November, but officials put off a decision and began considering whether competing teams at two national laboratories could collaborate in a joint effort. Since then, senior officials of the labs in New Mexico and California have met but not reached an agreement, according to lab officials and a senior official at the U.S. Strategic Command, the defense agency that operates the nation's strategic forces. Over the last year, Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos national labs have developed designs for the new bomb, known as the reliable replacement warhead. As its name implies, the weapon is supposed to be so reliable that it will not require any underground testing. A winner was to have been chosen by defense and energy officials in the Nuclear Weapons Council, but by November the selection process had grown complicated and conflicted. The Strategic Command official said defense officials had judged both designs as meeting military requirements. But as Energy Department officials examined the two proposals, they grew increasingly concerned about the political effect of a decision. Both labs, Los Alamos in New Mexico and Livermore in Northern California, have always had strong backing by their states' delegations in Congress. What's more, the power shift in Congress put Bay Area Democrats in the leadership on nuclear weapons issues in January. Livermore had submitted a conservative design that the council judged highly attractive. It was based on an 1980s-era warhead that was tested but then removed from further development. But the new warhead is intended for Navy missiles, and Livermore has not worked with the Navy. The Los Alamos design also had proponents. But if the award went to New Mexico, Livermore would be left with little on its plate. The Energy Department might have difficulty justifying the expense of two major nuclear laboratories. To solve those political and organizational problems, the Energy Department, through its National Nuclear Security Administration, sought to explore whether the labs could produce a joint design, Strategic Command officials said. A letter to the directors of Los Alamos and Livermore asked them to explore a collaborative approach. No formal decision has been made, however. "It is still in the works," said Sidney Drell, a Stanford University scientist who has long advised the Energy Department on weapons issues. "People haven't converged on anything." Meanwhile, other outside advisors, including a scientific board known as the JASON group that consists of top academics from across the nation, are worried about a joint design. The group met earlier this month in La Jolla, but decided it did not have enough technical information to endorse a collaborative approach, according to a member of the group. Scientists are concerned that a design that mixes and matches pieces of different weapons will undermine the confidence of national leaders in the reliability of the weapon. "I have heard concerns in the technical community that this is risky, but others say it will work," the Strategic Command official said. "It is a mixed opinion." Will Parrish Youth Empowerment Director Nuclear Age Peace Foundation PMB 121, 1187 Coast Village Road, Suite 1 Santa Barbara, CA 93108 wparrish@napf.org Phone: (805) 965-3443; Fax: (805) 568-0466 www.wagingpeace.org/youth; www.ucnuclearfree.org; www.thinkoutsidethebomb.org _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://mail.energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 58 DOE: DOE Announces $17 Million to Promote Greater Automobile Efficiency January 23, 2007 WASHINGTON, DC - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Alexander Karsner today announced that DOE intends issue $17 million in solicitations to improve automobile efficiency and reduce the United Statess dependence on foreign sources of oil. The funding will be offered as two separate solicitations, one for $14 million to support plug-in hybrid electric vehicle technology and another for $3 million for research to improve E-85 engine efficiency. President Bush is committed to developing alternative fuels and energy-saving innovations in vehicle technology, not just for concept cars, but for cars that can be publicly available, Assistant Secretary Karsner said. By improving battery technology and engine efficiency, we can take bold steps towards reducing our reliance on foreign sources of oil. DOEs FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Program will lead the efforts to bring new, more efficient technologies to market with research on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and E85-blended fuel. The $14 million cost-shared solicitation for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle battery development aims to improve battery performance so that plug-in hybrid vehicles can deliver the 40 miles of electric range required for most roundtrip daily commutes. DOE has also created a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle test bed at DOEs Argonne National Laboratory; allowing scientists to measure the performance of a vehicle. The $3 million cost-shared solicitation will support engineering advances to improve the fuel economy of E85 engines and reduce vehicle emissions. The solicitation also serves to undertake research and development projects that will result in flex-fuel vehicles, which take advantage of the favorable properties of ethanol gasoline blends. E85 can be used in flex-fuel vehicles and is a gasoline-ethanol blend of motor fuel containing 85% ethanol. E85 has the highest oxygen content of any fuel available today, allowing it to burn more completely  and cleaner - than conventional gasoline. The solicitations are subject to Congressional appropriations. Assistant Secretary Karsner made the announcements at the Washington Auto Show, where he was joined today by senior executives from General Motors, Ford and DaimlerChrysler. Media contact(s): Craig Stevens, (202) 586-4940 [ ] U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 ***************************************************************** 59 DOE: Statement from Energy Secretary Samuel W. Bodman on the Expansion of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve to 1.5 Billion January 23, 2007 "Later today President Bush will announce his plan to double our nation's Strategic Petroleum Reserve to 1.5 billion barrels. I believe that expanding the Strategic Petroleum Reserve is a wise and prudent policy decision that will provide an additional layer of protection for our nation's energy security. Originally established in 1975 in the aftermath of the Arab oil embargo, the Strategic Petroleum Reserve is a national asset that can be used in the case of severe supply disruption. During my tenure alone, we've used it a number of times, most notably in the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita - a time when the nation's commercial oil drilling infrastructure was decimated - to ensure adequate supplies of fuel to citizens around the country. The current Strategic Petroleum Reserves holds about 691 million barrels of crude oil, which is the approximate equivalent of 55 days of net imports. By expanding our Reserve to 1.5 billion barrels, we will have an approximately 97 day supply of net import protection. Adding to the current Reserve will happen in stages over the next two decades to coincide with the construction and expansion of our facilities. Our goal is to have the expansion completed by 2027. While filling the Reserve is critically important to our nation's energy security, I want to assure the American public that we will acquire crude oil in a manner that does not adversely affect the market or raise gasoline prices. We will fill the Reserve in a deliberate, predictable, and transparent manner, consistent with our updated guidelines that were announced in November 2006. To that end, and assuming similar market conditions, I would expect the Department to begin purchasing crude oil in the Spring at a rate of about 100,000 barrels per day. After a few months, we will reassess the market before continuing the fill using royalty in kind payments through the end of the year. In 2008 and beyond, as we work our way to 1.5 billion barrels, the Department will determine future fill rates based on information and market conditions available at that time. Media contact(s): Craig Stevens, (202) 586-4940 [ ] U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 ***************************************************************** 60 Hanford News: Truck carrying plutonium crashes This story was published Tuesday, January 23rd, 2007 By Annette Cary, Herald staff writer NEEDLES, Calif., - A truck carrying a small amount of plutonium 238 from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland crashed recently in Needles, Calif. The 55-gallon container holding the plutonium was not damaged and no radioactive material was released during the accident last week, according to the California Highway Patrol. The shipping container held less than 4 grams of encapsulated plutonium 238, said Mike Talbot, DOE spokesman in Richland. The container was lined with lead and met U.S. Department of Transportation shipping requirements, he said. "This stuff is shipped all the time," he said. It was being carried with two trailers of miscellaneous cargo. The truck drifted to the right and hit a metal guardrail on Interstate 40 within the Needles city limits in Southern California, according to police reports. The tractor's fuel tank ruptured and the rear trailer overturned, according to police reports. However, the container with the plutonium was in the front trailer, which remained upright. It was not weapons-grade plutonium, but a plutonium isotope of the type that was once used in heart pacemakers. Plutonium 238 also is used in the nation's space program, to power deep-space flights. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration has been consolidating excess plutonium 238, and the shipment was being sent to the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. The plutonium 238, which had been in the 325 Building at the Hanford nuclear reservation just north of Richland, had been used in a past, unspecified research project. 2007 Tri-City Herald. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 61 The Enquirer: Fernald cleanup leads to lawsuit Last Updated: 11:55 am | Tuesday, January 23, 2007 Subcontractor trying to recover $3 million from Fluor Fernald Inc. BY DAN HORN | DHORN@ENQUIRER.COM The Fernald cleanup project is over, but a legal fight between two of the project's contractors is just beginning. The dispute erupted in federal court last week when a subcontractor sued Fluor Fernald Inc., which oversaw the just-completed project, to recover at least $3 million in cost overruns. The subcontractor, Foster Wheeler Environmental Corp., says its contract with Fluor Fernald dramatically underestimated how much it would cost Foster Wheeler to demolish and decontaminate a boiler plant complex at the former uranium processing operation. The New Jersey-based Foster Wheeler had planned to remove about 10,000 cubic feet of asbestos and about 2,000 tons of steel as part of its contract. But according to the lawsuit, workers removed about 25,000 cubic feet of asbestos and about 3,700 tons of steel. The lawsuit, filed in U.S. District Court in Cincinnati, also states that the entire boiler plant site was treated as a "radiological contamination area." That designation, which was not part of the original contract, required the use of protective gear for all employees and increased the amount of time and expense needed to do the work, the lawsuit states. The suit accuses Fluor Fernald of breaching its contract and misrepresenting the cost of the job. Foster Wheeler's attorney could not be reached Monday. Fluor Fernald spokesman Jeff Wagner said the company tried mediation with Foster Wheeler but was unable to work out a settlement. "We've never seen anything compelling that shows they are owed more money," he said. Fluor Fernald said in October that it had completed the 10-year, $4.4 billion effort to remove uranium, radon and other toxic materials from the Crosby Township site. The center refined uranium ore for use in nuclear weapons and power plants from 1951 to 1989. The company celebrated the end of work last week with a ceremony on the site, which is being turned into a 900-acre nature park. ***************************************************************** 62 DOE: ACTION: Notice of Proposed Subsequent Arrangement. FR Doc E7-914 [Federal Register: January 23, 2007 (Volume 72, Number 14)] [Notices] [Page 2876] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr23ja07-44] DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Office of International Regimes and Agreements Proposed Subsequent Arrangement AGENCY: Department of Energy. SUMMARY: This notice is being issued under the authority of Section 131 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (42 U.S.C. 2160). The Department is providing notice of a proposed ``subsequent arrangement'' under the Agreement for Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy between the United States and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM). This subsequent arrangement concerns a request for a one-year extension (April 2007 to April 2008) of the current one-year programmatic approval for retransfer of U.S.-obligated irradiated fuel rods between Studsvik Nuclear AB, Sweden and the Institutt for Energiteknikk, Norway. The rods are being transferred for irradiation service, tests and examination, and returned to Sweden for further tests and disposal. The amounts are the same as under the current approval--a maximum of 30,000 grams uranium, 400 grams U-235 and 400 grams plutonium in all shipments combined, with a maximum of 100 grams of plutonium per shipment. The original programmatic consent, published in the Federal Register June 13, 2006, is set to expire in March 2007. Additional transactions are scheduled to occur between April 2007 and April 2008 and will be subject to U.S.-Euratom Agreement for Cooperation on Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy. In accordance with Section 131 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, we have determined that this subsequent arrangement will not be inimical to the common defense and security. This subsequent arrangement will take effect no sooner than 15 days after the date of publication of this notice. Dated: January 12, 2007. For the Department of Energy. Richard Goorevich, Director, Office of International Regimes and Agreements. [FR Doc. E7-914 Filed 1-22-07; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************