***************************************************************** 01/10/07 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 15.8 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 Guardian Unlimited: U.N. Nuclear Inspectors Arrive in Iran 2 Guardian Unlimited: Iran Says It Has Arrested a Nuclear Spy 3 Guardian Unlimited: China, Israel to Discuss Iran Nuke Issue 4 AFP: China assures Israeli PM on Iranian nuclear bomb - 5 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: IRI to try all option on N-issue 6 AFP: US sees signs financial sanctions against Iran are biting - 7 Korea Times: US Stealth Fighters to Be Deployed Here 8 YONHAP NEWS: Philippines to host informal meeting of experts on N. K 9 AFP: Japan PM arrives in Berlin for talks on N. Korea, energy - 10 Korea Times: Second Inter-Korean Summit 11 AFP: US Stealth fighters to be deployed in South Korea 12 US: [toeslist] U.S. moves closer to build first nuke warhead in 20 y 13 UN Nuclear Watchdog Agency Helps Africa Boost Water Supplies, Agricu 14 AFP: Japan denies policy change on nuclear India NUCLEAR REACTORS 15 India Could Dump U.S. Nuclear Deal: Envoy 16 [NukeNet] India Could Dump U.S. Nuclear Deal: Envoy 17 US: [NukeNet] U.S. Moves to Become Global Nuclear Fuel Supplier 18 Guardian Unlimited: Japan Nuclear Reactor Resumes Operation 19 Guardian Unlimited: EU: Days of Secure, Cheap Energy Over 20 AFP: Japan to recognise India as nuclear state - report - 21 Daily Yomiuri: KEPCO restarts N-plant 2 1/2 years after accident 22 BBC NEWS: EU plans 'industrial revolution' 23 BBC: EU energy plan: What nations think 24 BBC: Blair says energy security 'key' 25 BBC: Germany may retain nuclear power 26 US: Platts: US and Japan agree to develop plan for GNEP collaboratio 27 Platts: NDA asks contractors BNG and UKAEA to cut final-quarter spen 28 Platts: Greenpeace rubbishes Merkel's Russian oil-German nuclear lin 29 IHT: Western Japan nuke reactor to resume operation more than 2 year 30 IAEA: Nuclear Science & Technology in Africa 31 US: NRC: Atomic Safety and Licensing Board; Before Administrative Ju 32 US: Albuquerque Tribune: Nation's largest nuclear plant gets new bos 33 Deutsche Welle: Nuclear Power in Germany: A Chronology NUCLEAR SECURITY NUCLEAR SAFETY 34 Depeleted Uranium still killing Italian troops 35 [toeslist] US Nuclear sub and tanker collide but no leaks 36 BBC: Uranium 'killing Italian troops' 37 US: Hawk Eye Newspaper: IAAP plans explosions 38 US: Salt Lake Tribune: Location changed for Divine Strake hearing 39 US: Salt Lake Tribune: Demand answers: Guv, congressmen should get t 40 US: Deseret News: Strake info session is today at hotel 41 US: Salt Lake Tribune: Divine Strake: The word is out - and it doesn 42 US: Eureka Alert: Radiation degrades nuclear waste-containing materi 43 US: deseret news: Divine Strake change for hearing sparks ire 44 US: kutv.com: Possible Nuclear Blast Talks Come To SLC 45 US: Monticello Times: NRC offers KI pills to those within 10 miles o 46 US: KRNV.com: Region: Officials Show Plans in Las Vegas For Mushroom 47 icWales: Radiation 'risk' transport ship condemned 48 US: Guardian Unlimited: Engineer Says Bomb Test Plan Incomplete NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 49 Comments for licensing of the centrifuge public meeting 50 Nevada Appeal: It's 2007, and time to give Yucca Mountain a brake 51 US: AP Wire: Officials say radioactive cleanup will be closely monit 52 AFP: New study doubts zircon ceramics for long-term nuclear waste - 53 chillicothe gazette: Citizens divided on Piketon 30-year license 54 US: AU ABC: Miner committed to uranium prospect despite Govt policy. 55 Whitehaven News: Thorp given OK to re-start PEACE 56 CS Monitor OpEd: Mid East Nuclear Free Zone Proposal 57 AFP: A Middle East free of nuclear weapons US DEPT. OF ENERGY 58 Aiken Today: SRS now can perform Homeland Security tests 59 DOE: United States-Japan Cooperation on Energy Security 60 DOE: Department of Energy Releases Global Nuclear Energy Partnership 61 DenverPost.com: 3 Colo. lawmakers want delay in Flats decision 62 Knox News: Y-12's big rehab tests commitment to safety ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Guardian Unlimited: U.N. Nuclear Inspectors Arrive in Iran From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday January 10, 2007 10:01 PM TEHRAN, Iran (AP) - Two inspectors from the U.N. nuclear agency arrived in Iran on Wednesday to inspect the country's nuclear facilities, the official IRNA news agency reported. Iran's parliament urged the government in late December to re-examine its ties with the International Atomic Energy Agency after the U.N. Security Council imposed sanctions against Tehran over its disputed nuclear program. The two IAEA inspectors were conducting routine investigations of Iran's nuclear facilities in the cities of Isfahan and Natanz, the report said. They were expected to stay about a week. The news agency said the IAEA inspectors would also ``review the trend of cooperation with Iranian nuclear officials.'' Iran says that as a signatory to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, it has the right to develop a peaceful nuclear power program. But the Security Council in December imposed limited sanctions on Iran for its refusal to cease uranium enrichment - a process that can produce the material for either nuclear reactors or atomic bombs. The United States and its European allies suspect Iran's civilian nuclear program is a cover for developing such a bomb. IAEA inspectors regularly visit Iran, but the Islamic republic's lack of transparency has increased suspicions it is conducting a secret weapons program. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 2 Guardian Unlimited: Iran Says It Has Arrested a Nuclear Spy From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday January 10, 2007 1:01 AM TEHRAN, Iran (AP) - Iran said Tuesday it has arrested a man on suspicion of selling nuclear secrets to an exiled Iranian opposition group, state radio reported. The report didn't identify the suspected spy, but said he had been working at the Iranian Parliament's Research Center, an organization that advises lawmakers on foreign and strategic issues. ``The man transferred classified information, including a bulletin on nuclear activities, to the hypocrites,'' state radio said, referring to the People's Mujahedeen of Iran. The Paris-based group, regarded as a terrorist organization by the United States, has frequently made accusations about Iran's nuclear activities, reporting on what it says is secret information received from insiders in Iran. In 2002, the group disclosed the existence of two previously secret nuclear facilities, a pilot uranium enrichment plant at Natanz and a research reactor being built in the city of Arak, which turned out to house Iran's uranium enrichment program and a hard-water reactor project. Other claims by the group have not been substantiated. Iran said in 2004 that it had arrested 10 military officers, nuclear workers and others on charges of revealing its nuclear secrets to Israeli and U.S. intelligence agencies. But the government said the information passed to the United States and Israel was ``without value.'' Ahmed Tavakoli, a leading lawmaker, confirmed state radio's report of the arrest of the alleged spy. ``This person has been working in Parliament's Research Center since 2001,'' Tavakoli told the semiofficial Fars news agency Tuesday. ``He was arrested by the Intelligence Ministry.'' Tavakoli told Fars that the arrested man will stand trial but gave no date. The People's Mujahedeen participated in the 1979 ouster of the former shah of Iran, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi. But it fell out with the clerical government and launched a campaign of assassinations and bombings. For years it fought Iran's Islamic rulers from Iraq with the backing of Saddam Hussein's regime. During the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, the U.S. military briefly bombed People's Mujahedeen camps until the group capitulated and agreed to disarm. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 3 Guardian Unlimited: China, Israel to Discuss Iran Nuke Issue From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday January 10, 2007 8:16 AM AP Photo JRL801 By AUDRA ANG Associated Press Writer BEIJING (AP) - Iran's nuclear program will be a main topic of discussion when Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert meets China's leaders, an Israeli official said Wednesday. Olmert, scheduled to meet Chinese President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao during his three-day visit, will talk about the importance of U.N.-imposed sanctions on Iran, said a member of his delegation. ``He will surely talk about how Israel is concerned by Iranians becoming a nuclear state and what are the consequences that can take place if the Iranians will hold a nuclear bomb or weapon,'' said the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, as the person wasn't authorized to speak to the media. ``It will be high on the agenda.'' China, a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council, has strong trade ties with Iran and has been leery about imposing punitive measures. But it supported the U.N. resolution that orders all countries to stop supplying Iran with materials and technology that could contribute to its nuclear and missile programs. The resolution also freezes Iranian assets of 10 key companies and 12 individuals related to those programs. The security council has warned that it will adopt further nonmilitary sanctions if Iran continues to refuse to suspend uranium enrichment, a process that produces the material for either nuclear reactors or bombs. Iran denies that it seeks to build atomic weapons, saying its nuclear program is limited to generating electricity. Israel's considers Iran one of its most serious threats, fears fueled by Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's repeated calls to wipe the Jewish state off the map. Olmert has not ruled out a military strike against Tehran's nuclear program, but has said he hopes diplomatic means will work in keeping Iran from becoming a nuclear power. Olmert's trip marks the 15-year anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Israel and China, whose good relations have been marred by occasional political and trade tensions. Both sides have emphasized that the visit is aimed at fostering a deeper friendship and strengthening economic and trade ties. China is now Israel's third-largest trading partner, following the United States and Germany. According to the federation of Israeli Chambers of Commerce, Israeli exports to China jumped 31 percent to $740 million in the first 11 months of last year, when compared to the same period the previous year. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 4 AFP: China assures Israeli PM on Iranian nuclear bomb - by Ron Bousso Wed Jan 10, 12:07 PM ET BEIJING (AFP) - Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, midway through an official visit to Beijing, said he received a candid assurance from China that it opposes Iran " /> Iranhaving a nuclear arsenal. Speaking to reporters accompanying him on his three-day visit, Olmert said he was "positively surprised by the things I heard" during a 90-minute meeting with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao. "China made it absolutely clear that it opposed an Iran with a nuclear bomb," he added, although he refused to elaborate on the contents of his talks. Olmert's remarks contrasted with Israeli expectations of a cold shoulder from Beijing over the Jewish state's call for tough sanctions to slam the brakes on Iran's nuclear ambitions. As a veto-wielding permanent member of the UN Security Council, China is a pivotal player. But many observers suspect that its need for Iranian oil and gas to power its booming economy could soften its position. Iran insists that its nuclear programme is entirely peaceful, but it has refused to bow to a UN demand to halt uranium enrichment work. On Thursday Olmert will meet President Hu Jintao " /> Hu Jintaoand attend a special concert marking 15 years of diplomatic ties between the countries before heading back to Israel " /> Israel. During his talks Wednesday, Olmert discussed the implementation of the December 23 resolution by the Security Council -- supported by China -- that imposed limited sanctions on Iran, an Israeli official told AFP. The Israeli leader stressed to Wen that the international community "must prepare for the next round of sanctions against Iran in the coming months," the official added. Before the meeting, Olmert was received by Wen at the Great Hall of the People where he reviewed an honour guard. He also spent part of the day at the Great Wall of China, outside the Chinese capital. At the opening of the talks, Wen welcomed the Israeli leader and spoke of his "historical linkage" with China, referring to the sojourn to China of Olmert's ancestors who fled anti-Semitic persecution in Russia in the early 1900s. Olmert said it was "a very exciting moment" for him and that "it is very important for Israel to have good, friendly and extensive relations" with China. Besides the Iranian question, Olmert and Wen discussed at length bilateral economic ties. They also signed agreements on promoting cultural ties, on protocols for the import of Israeli citrus fruit, and on water purification technology. According to Olmert, the two sides also agreed to create a joint fund for research and development in different fields, including high technology, hydro-technology and pharmaceuticals. Olmert, who met on Tuesday with the heads of some of China's largest companies, said the two sides had agreed to nearly triple trade volume by 2010 "from 3.6 billion dollars in 2006 to 10 billion dollars." He told reporters that the sensitive topic of Israeli arms sales to China "was never raised during my talks with the Chinese." Nor was the Middle East conflict raised. China angered Israel last year by hosting the Palestinian foreign minister Mahmud al-Zahar -- a Hamas member -- in defiance of a Western-led boycott of the Islamic militant group. Israeli and Chinese diplomatic ties had been strained for several years after Israel was forced to scrap two deals to sell advanced military technology to China due to US pressure in 2000 and a second one in 2005. Since then, officials told AFP that "Israel and the United States have reached an understanding over the issue of arms sales to China." Copyright © 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 5 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: IRI to try all option on N-issue 2007/01/10 Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council (SNSC), Ali Larijani, said on Tuesday that Iran does not insist on withdrawal from NPT, adding that therefore various other options will be tried. Iran's top nuclear negotiator made the remark while speaking to domestic and foreign reporters after his meeting with a Pakistani official. In response to a question about revising the country's cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), he underlined that Iran should not be forced into reducing the level of such cooperation with the agency. He said, "Based on the Additional Protocol, we had extensive cooperation with IAEA in the past. However, we have told the West that if they have an irrational approach to our nuclear issue, the Additional Protocol will be suspended by Iran. "Today the level of cooperation is not according to that indicated in the protocol on account of their unreasonable approach." Larijani noted that partial revision has thus been made in Iran-IAEA relations. "We insist on cooperating within the frameworks of the agency, despite the unjust implementation of NPT in the world. In reply to a question that whether Iran will have any other option in solving the nuclear issue, except holding talks with the 5+1 Group, the Secretary said that the issue is based on accurate principles and that any approach that can settle it based on such principles, will be fruitful. Stressing that the 5+1 Group is not the only party playing a role in solving Iran's nuclear issue, he added that those having a part in it should get involved in the issue and so the IAEA will also be a beneficiary, given the legal and technical nature of the matter. "But once the UN nuclear watchdog was bypassed and the case was sent to the United Nations Security Council, it was meant to say that it was being treated as a political issue," he said. Iran's top negotiator said that once a matter is politicized, a solution should be sought according to political model. Larijani noted that dialog and diplomacy is the best way to solve the issue, adding that negotiations can be based on various innovative approaches and that all those involved in the matter can propose new solutions. mk Copyright 2004, All Rights Reserved By Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News Network Sponsored By IRIB News Computer Center. E-Mail: Info@IRIBNEWS.ir ***************************************************************** 6 AFP: US sees signs financial sanctions against Iran are biting - by David Millikin Wed Jan 10, 2:08 PM ET WASHINGTON (AFP) - Weary of the drawn-out diplomatic battle to rein in Iran " /> 's suspected nuclear weapons program, Washington welcomed signs that unilateral US measures designed to squeeze Tehran financially are starting to bear fruit. The latest move came Tuesday when the US Treasury Department " /> blacklisted Iran's fifth largest bank, Bank Sepah, for allegedly helping finance the country's illicit weapons programs. The move bars the state-owned bank from carrying out transactions in US dollars -- a step which has wide implications in an interlocking global financial system heavily dependent on the US currency. The impact swiftly spread to Europe, where Germany's second biggest bank, Commerzbank, announced Wednesday that it would stop handling dollar transactions for Iranian clients, though it would continue dealings in euros. US officials said other international banks and businesses were also reassessing the wisdom of doing business with Iran, which was slapped with limited UN sanctions last month for refusing demands to suspend its nuclear enrichment program -- a possible step towards development of atomic weapons. "Some financial institutions and other organizations are making a pretty dry-eyed assessment as to whether now is the right moment for them to be involved with" Iran, said State Department deputy spokesman Tom Casey. "And if Iran continues down this path, then there may be further measures that will be taken against them," he told reporters Wednesday. The UN sanctions were unanimously adopted by the Security Council, but only after months of difficult negotiations in which Russia and China -- both key economic partners of Iran -- succeeded in greatly watering down the measures. The final sanctions package banned sales to Iran of materials and technology that could contribute to its nuclear and missile programs and froze the assets of 10 Iranian firms and 12 individuals linked to those sectors. But it stopped short of more sweeping steps sought by Washington to isolate Iran. Casey said this week's action against Bank Sepah fell under the terms of the UN resolution, but so far US allies in Europe, Asia and the Gulf have viewed the resolution more narrowly and not followed suit with similar financial restrictions. Frustrated with the laborious pace of UN negotiations and the world body's uneven record in implementing sanctions, Washington already took action in September against another Iranian bank, Saderat, citing its alleged support for terrorism. At the same time, senior US officials led by Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice " /> and Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson were pressing allies to take financial action against Iranian firms allegedly involved in illicit activities. "Over the past several months we have been sharing information with our foreign counterparts and key executives in the private sector about these deceptive practices and discussing how best to safeguard the international financial system against them," Treasury Undersecretary Stuart Levey said. Underlying the message, was a tacit warning that foreign banks and companies could eventually lose access to the US financial system if found to be dealing with Iranian interests linked to terrorism or weapons proliferation. Such leverage effectively extends the reach of the US measures against Iran into other countries which may not otherwise have chosen to take such action -- as witnessed by the decisions of several major foreign banks to restrict or cut off business with Tehran in recent months, officials said. Similar US steps against a Macau bank accused of money-laundering and circulating counterfeit US currency on behalf of North Korea " /> had the same kind of knock-on effect and was credited with helping entice Pyongyang back into nuclear disarmament negotiations late last year. There have also been some signs that the pressure is beginning to fuel unease in Iran with the hardline regime of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Two conservative newspapers ran editorials Wednesday complaining that Ahmadinejad's unyielding and confrontational approach had led to the UN sanctions. "I don't think the Iranian people think that being isolated from the rest of the world, being further cut off and being under sanctions is something they want to see happen," remarked the State Department's Casey. Copyright © 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 7 Korea Times: US Stealth Fighters to Be Deployed Here Hankooki.com > The Korea Times US Deploys Stealth Fighters to S. Korea By Jung Sung-ki Staff Reporter A U.S. Stealth fighter About 300 U.S. airmen and a squadron of stealth fighters are heading for South Korea on a four-month deployment, officials at the U.S. Forces Korea (USFK) said Wednesday. The deployment came amid speculation that North Korea may conduct a second nuclear test, following the first one on Oct. 9. ``The deployment of the stealth fighters is not related to North Korea or any ongoing political situations around the Korean Peninsula,'' a USFK official told The Korea Times, asking not to be named. ``This is a routine training mission for the U.S. Air Force.'' The official said the fighters equipped with radar-evading technology could participate in a joint military training by South Korea and the United States, called the Reception, Staging, Onward Movement and Integration (RSOI) exercise, scheduled for March. On Wednesday, the 49th Fighter Wing at Holloman Air Force in New Mexico announced the deployment of about 20 F-117A Nighthawk Stealth fighters to the Korean Peninsula as part of a training mission under cold weather conditions. This is the fourth time since 2003 that the 49th Fighter Wing has been deployed to the region. North Korea has denounced previous deployments as preparations for invasion. In a news conference in Seoul on Wednesday, USFK Commander Gen. B. B. Bell said that the annual joint military exercise would be implemented as scheduled to maintain credible deterrence in the region. ``The scheduled exercise is not provocative in any way. This is a routine deterrence exercise,'' he said, denying that the U.S. military has any intention of attacking the North. The Nighthawk, developed by Lockheed Martin, is the world's first operational stealth aircraft. The aircraft is mainly used for nighttime missions. It can carry a range of tactical ordnance in its weapons bay, including BLU-109B low-level laser-guided bombs, GBU-10 and GBU-27 laser-guided bombs and Raytheon AGM-88 HARM air-to-surface missiles. gallantjung@koreatimes.co.kr 01-10-2007 18:10 ***************************************************************** 8 YONHAP NEWS: Philippines to host informal meeting of experts on N. Korea's nuclear program: Report 2007/01/10 21:51 KST SEOUL, Jan. 10 (Yonhap) -- The Philippines said it will host an informal meeting of experts, academics and members of non-governmental organizations from nations involved in international talks on North Korea's nuclear weapons program, a news report said Wednesday. Philippine Foreign Secretary Alberto Romulo said the gathering will be held within the context of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum (ARF) to be held in the Philippines next month, the Associated Press reported. ***************************************************************** 9 AFP: Japan PM arrives in Berlin for talks on N. Korea, energy - Wednesday January 10, 12:43 PM By Kyoko Hasegawa [Angela Merkel (L) and Shinzo Abe] BERLIN (AFP) - Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has arrived in Berlin for talks with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, on the second leg of a four-nation European tour seeking support over North Korea's nuclear programme. Abe, meeting the German leader for the first time since replacing Junichiro Koizumi last September, is also set to make a courtesy call to German President Horst Koehler. Abe is expected to invite Merkel to visit Japan as soon as she can, an aide to the Japanese premier (Advertisement) [Click Here] [ src=] said Wednesday. The meeting between the two leaders is expected to cover energy security, in addition to issues discussed between Abe and British Prime Minister Tony Blair Tuesday such as counter-proliferation efforts in North Korea and Iran. "They could exchange information on Russia in terms of stable energy supply," the Japanese official said before the meeting. "As Germany is focusing on Central Asia, the two leaders may exchange opinions on how to commit themselves more to the region," he said. Japan agreed in July to bolster cooperation with energy-rich Central Asian nations in the development of transportation links and the fight against terrorism and drug smuggling. The pledge came at a meeting between Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Aso and his counterparts from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan plus an envoy from Kazakhstan. And German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier made a rare tour of the region in November and has strongly promoted bolstering ties with the countries there under Berlin's six-month presidency of the European Union. Japan, which is heavily reliant on foreign energy and imports most of its oil from the Middle East, is looking to step up cooperation with energy-rich regions as it competes with booming China for resources. Among other issues, Abe is likely to raise his cherished goal of gaining a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council, as Germany has been one of three key partners in the drive along with Brazil and India. Tokyo has sought to boost its role on the international stage as part of its bid to win a permanent seat on the council. It is a participant in the so-called six-party talks over North Korea's nuclear programme, also involving the United States, Russia, China and South Korea. Tokyo is taking the toughest line against Pyongyang with its own economic sanctions, and has repeatedly raised the issue of citizens believed to have been abducted by North Korean agents. Pyongyang announced in October last year that it had carried out its first atomic bomb test, to worldwide condemnation, following seven missile launches in July. Other items on the agenda are expected to be cooperation in Afghanistan, development aid, climate change, Germany's year-long presidency of the Group of Eight club of rich nations and the East Asian regional situation, officials said. "As Germany is the largest trading partner for Japan among the European Union countries, the two sides may talk about promoting mutual investment," a Japanese official said. Later Wednesday, Abe is to visit the Pergamon Museum, home of the famed 2nd century BC altar of the same name, with his wife Akie. AFP ***************************************************************** 10 Korea Times: Second Inter-Korean Summit Hankooki.com > The Korea Times > Opinion Opposition Should Endorse It With Strings Attached The government should do nothing in an election year because its every move is related with winning votes. At least this is what the opposition Grand National Party appears to be saying, citing such moves as curtailing military service, disclosing apartment building costs, proposing a two-term presidency and seeking another inter-Korean summit. Yes, all these attempts smack of vote-getting tactics or ``premiums¡¯¡¯ from the governing camp. As voters see it, these moves can also be election presents, however. So knee-jerk opposition to all important policies should not be the GNP¡¯s strategy, not least because it will make the conservative party appear counterproductive and lacking in confidence. Rather, the largest opposition, which would be set for a landslide win if the election took place now, had better agree to some policies in general but disagree on specifics. This is especially so if an issue enjoys the support of a majority of voters. One such case is a second summit between two Koreas. True, the government¡¯s pushing for another summit is not free from concerns and criticisms. The six-party talks to end North Korea¡¯s nuclear weapons programs have yet to show any visible progress with some foreign media predicting Pyongyang conducting a second nuclear test. Nor is it certain that Seoul has any well-refined ideas as to why and how the summit should be held. More difficult to know is the, thoughts of Kim Jong-il, who has been reneging on his promise for a reciprocal visit for more than six years. Simply put, most opponents¡¯ logic is this: There can be no summit _ or any other inter-Korean breakthroughs for that matter _ until the atomic issue is resolved. This is self-denying logic, however, based on the belief that the nuclear standoff can only be settled between Washington and Pyongyang. Of course one has to admit that the United States should eventually solve this stalemate. But that is no reason Seoul should remain as a passive go-between at best or a spectator at worst. Worse yet, Seoul has been picking up most of the bills after Washington and Pyongyang called the party off. The Roh Moo-hyun administration is willing to continue that role, as well manifested by the remarks of his new Unification Minister, Lee Jae-joung. So the GNP¡¯s role as an opposition party with a competitive edge should be to restore Seoul¡¯s voice to reflect its economic contribution to the North. Blindly distancing itself from Pyongyang and just accusing what it sees as leftist approach will get it nowhere. The GNP should encourage an inter-Korean summit, as one of its would-be standard bearers, Sohn Hak-kyu, wisely does, and attach its own order list. Whether it succeeds or not, voters will no longer attribute the result to any one party, and judge the outcome by substantive, not superficial, consequences. e-mail to opinion@koreatimes.co.kr and not exceed 900 words. _ ED. 01-10-2007 19:06 ***************************************************************** 11 AFP: US Stealth fighters to be deployed in South Korea Wednesday January 10, 07:27 AM SEOUL (AFP) - The United States is sending between 15 and 24 radar-evading Stealth fighters to South Korea this month, the US military has said, amid increasing speculation over a second North Korean nuclear test. "One squadron of F-117 Nighthawk Stealth fighters will be deployed this month," said Kim Yong-Kyu, a spokesman for US Forces Korea. One squadron of fighters has between 15 and 24 aircraft. "This is a routine deployment," he said, adding that the move had nothing to do with any particular threat. He declined to give further details, including where and for how long the fighters will be deployed. Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico, where the fighters are based, said in a Web posting that the fighters left earlier this week for South Korea. General B.B. Bell, the commander of US forces in South Korea, said Tuesday he believes North Korea will test a second nuclear bomb at some time in the future, following its first test on October 9. "Should North Korea attack the South in any way, the combined forces command will respond and we will win quickly and we will win decisively," he said. Bell heads 29,000 US troops in the peninsula, supporting South Korea's 680,000-strong armed forces against any attack from the North's 1.1 million military. A South Korean foreign ministry official said last week that activity had been detected at Punggye in northeast North Korea, near the site of the first test, but there was no sign of preparations for a second detonation. The latest round of six-nation talks on the North's nuclear programme ended in Beijing in December without a breakthrough. The US State Department has said the talks could resume as early as this month. Analysts say North Korea could set off a second nuclear device to strengthen its hand in the prolonged stand-off. AFP ***************************************************************** 12 [toeslist] U.S. moves closer to build first nuke warhead in 20 years Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 10:55:08 -0600 (CST) X-Sender-Host-Name: chumbly.math.missouri.edu X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM Home >> World UPDATED: 09:28, January 08, 2007 U.S. moves closer to build first nuke warhead in 20 years font size ZoomIn ZoomOut The United States is going head with its plan to build the nation's first nuclear warheads in nearly 20 years and will announce a hybrid design for the new weapon next week, The New York Times reported on Sunday. The design, to be unveiled by the interagency Nuclear Weapons Council, will combine elements of competing designs from two weapons laboratories in an approach that some experts argue is untested and risky, according to the report. But government officials said the new weapon, namely the Reliable Replacement Warhead (RRW), won't add to but replace the nation's existing arsenal of aging warheads, with a new generation meant to be sturdier, more reliable, safer from accidental detonation and more secure from theft by terrorists. The effort, if approved by U.S. President George W. Bush and financed by the U.S. Congress, will require a huge refurbishment of the nation's complex for nuclear design and manufacturing, with the overall bill estimated at over 100 billion U.S. dollars. However, the council's decision to seek a hybrid design, combining well-tested elements from an older design with new safety and security elements from a more novel approach, could delay the weapon's production. It also raises the question of whether the United States will ultimately be forced to end its moratorium on underground nuclear testing to make sure the new design works. On Friday, a spokesman for the National Nuclear Security Administration said the government won't proceed with the RRW if it is determined that testing is needed. But other officials in the administration, including Robert Joseph, undersecretary of state for arms control and international security, have said that the White House should make no commitment on testing. The Congress authorized exploratory research for the weapon three years ago, and has financed it at relatively low levels since. But now the costs will begin to increase. Advocates say a generation of more reliable arms would give military commanders the confidence to abandon the current philosophy of holding onto huge inventories of old weapons, and could speed a shrinkage of the American arsenal from some 6,000 warheads to perhaps 2,000 or less. Critics said a main justification for the program vanished in November when a secretive federal panel known as Jason found that the plutonium "pits" at the heart of many nuclear warheads aged far better than expected, with most able to work reliably for a century or more. Source: Xinhua ***************************************************************** 13 UN Nuclear Watchdog Agency Helps Africa Boost Water Supplies, Agriculture, Health Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 11:01:24 -0500 UN NUCLEAR WATCHDOG AGENCY HELPS AFRICA BOOST WATER SUPPLIES, AGRICULTURE, HEALTH New York, Jan 10 2007 11:00AM The United Nations atomic watchdog agency, better known for its efforts to prevent nuclear weapons proliferation, is <"http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/News/2007/dg_algeria.html">boosting the use of radiation technology in Africa to promote development in numerous fields, from groundwater management and pest control to battling Nearly all of the IAEA’s development activities in Africa support in some way the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs),” UN International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director-General Muhamad ElBaradei <"http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/Statements/2007/ebsp2007n001.html">said The MDGs seek to slash a host of social ills, such as extreme hunger and poverty, infant and maternal mortality and lack of access Highlighting a whole slew of IAEA support for African development, Mr. ElBaradei cited the use of isotope hydrology as a tool in managing water resources. Because water contains different isotopes, isotopic dating can be used to estimate the origins and movement of water and determine the availability and capacity of underground In the field of food security, one of the most challenging problems facing Africa, IAEA is supporting pest control through the sterile insect technique (SIT), where radiation is used to sterilize otherwise healthy insects, which are then released to mate without producing offspring, thus controlling and gradually eradicating SIT is one of the methods being used to combat the tsetse fly. Trypanosomosis, also known as sleeping sickness, the parasitic disease carried by this fly, is considered a major constraint to sustainable In human health, the IAEA helps countries in using nuclear and isotopic techniques to assess immune responses of individuals infected by various diseases, to monitor the emergence of drug resistance, and to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition strategies. Current Agency projects support applying these techniques to national and regional efforts to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis. For almost three decades, the IAEA has also been providing developing countries with radiation technology and training to diagnose For energy production, a good part of IAEA efforts are focused on helping Member States to build their capacity to use nuclear technologies “Capacity building in science and technology is a prerequisite for addressing national and global challenges associated with basic human needs: the right to food, water, energy, healthcare, housing 2007-01-10 00:00:00.000 ___________________ For more details go to UN News Centre at http://www.un.org/news To listen to news and in-depth programmes from UN Radio go to: http://radio.un.org/ _______________________________ To change your profile or unsubscribe go to: http://www.un.org/apps/news/email/ ***************************************************************** 14 AFP: Japan denies policy change on nuclear India Wed Jan 10, 4:20 AM ET TOKYO (AFP) - Japan will continue to urge India to join the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) as a non-atomic weapons state, the government's top spokesman said, denying a change in policy. "Naturally, we will continue to call on India to join the NPT as a non-nuclear weapons state," said Chief Cabinet Secretary Yasuhisa Shiozaki. "There is no change to our position that we ask India to join the NPT and take part in the major trend of nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear arms reduction," he told a regular press briefing on Wednesday. Shiozaki was responding to a report in the Yomiuri Shimbun that Japan will effectively recognize India as a nuclear power even though the South Asian nation has not signed the NPT, which aims to stop the spread of atomic arms. Tokyo will announce its support for a landmark deal between the United States and India offering access to US civilian nuclear technology, the paper said, citing unnamed government sources. Japanese firms will be able to participate in the construction of nuclear power stations in India, Japan's top selling daily added. Shiozaki denied any decision had been made on whether to support the civilian nuclear deal with India that was signed by US President George W. Bush " /> President George W. Bushlast month. "We will make the position of our country by closely examining the content of the US-India agreement," he said. India in 1998 declared itself a nuclear weapons power and has refused to sign the NPT, which acknowledges only five nations -- Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States -- as nuclear-weapon states. In December, Tokyo agreed to start talks with India on a free-trade pact but declined to extend support to the nuclear deal between India and the United States. The US-India deal stipulates that India must put its civilian-use atomic reactors under the International Atomic Energy Agency " /> International Atomic Energy Agency's scanner. Washington insists that it has not recognized India as a nuclear weapons power. Japan snapped off aid to India and Pakistan after the two rivals conducted nuclear tests. But Japan has since warmed to India as it continues its rise as a regional economic power. Copyright © 2007 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 15 India Could Dump U.S. Nuclear Deal: Envoy Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 20:47:04 -0500 X-Sender-Host-Name: elasmtp-banded.atl.sa.earthlink.net X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY Mothersalert: http://www.mothersalert.org http://www.mothersalert.org/moreinfo.html 1. India Could Dump U.S. Nuclear Deal: Envoy 2. Engineer Says Bomb Test Plan Incomplete 3. EU Seeks to Lower Energy Consumption 4. Japan Nuclear Reactor Resumes Operation >....Like Bonhoeffer, Haushofer was arrested for speaking out. The SS prison guards were required to extract a >confession from prisoners before they were hanged or shot, but Haushofer refused. When they removed his body, >though, a paper fell out of his pocket. It was his admission of guilt written in the form of a sonnet: >Schuld >...schuldig bin ich Anders als Ihr denkt. >Ich musste früher meine Pflicht erkennen; >Ich musste schärfer Unheil Unheil nennen; >Mein Urteil habe ich zu lang gelenkt... >Ich habe gewarnt, >Aber nicht genug, und klar; >Und heute weiß ich, was ich schuldig war. >Guilt >I am guilty, >But not in the way you think. >I should have earlier recognized my duty; >I should have more sharply called evil evil; >I reined in my judgment too long. >I did warn, >But not enough, and clear; >And today I know what I was guilty of. >At Riverside Church 22 years later, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. began by quoting a statement by Clergy and >Laymen Concerned About Vietnam: "A time comes when silence is betrayal." Dr. King added, "That time has come >for us in relation to Vietnam." > And that time has come for us in relation to Iraq. But where are the Clergy and Laymen Concerned About Iraq? >Where are the successors to Dr. King, to Bonhoeffer, to Professor Haushofer? "There is only us," says Annie >Dillard, and she is right of course. We are the ones we've been waiting for. .......... http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/news/news-india-usa-nuclear.html?_r=1&oref=slogin India Could Dump U.S. Nuclear Deal: Envoy a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By REUTERS Published: January 10, 2007 Filed at 11:57 a.m. ET Skip to next paragraph NEW DELHI (Reuters) - India will walk away from a civilian nuclear deal with the United States if New Delhi's concerns are not allayed, its envoy said on Wednesday. It was critical the deal allowed India to reprocess spent U.S. nuclear fuel and did not stop it conducting nuclear tests, Shyam Saran, India's special envoy to the negotiations, said. ``This process will have to continue and there are certain very important issues which would have to be addressed and these are difficult issues,'' Saran said in a speech to diplomats and strategic affairs experts. ``Can we walk away from this deal if it does not correspond to our national interest? Obviously we have to walk away from this and we will walk away from it.'' President George W. Bush last month signed into law a bill approved by Congress allowing the deal to go through, a major step toward letting India buy U.S. nuclear reactors and fuel for the first time in 30 years. But Congress attached several conditions to the law which have not gone down well with New Delhi, and the two countries have returned to negotiations. Under the bill, the U.S. president would be required to end the export of nuclear materials if India tests another nuclear device. It tested one in 1998. It also does not guarantee uninterrupted fuel supplies for reactors and prevents India from reprocessing spent fuel. OPTIMISTIC MINDSET Saran said these conditions were not acceptable to India and this had been conveyed to the U.S.. ``Reprocessing of spent fuel will be very important, very critical. Without that it may be very difficult for us to take this forward,'' he said. ``While we are prepared to maintain a unilateral moratorium on fresh testing, we are not prepared to convert a policy commitment into a legal commitment,'' he said, referring to India's voluntary decision not to conduct nuclear tests. Indian communists, who sho by the 45-nation Nuclear Suppliers Group, the International Atomic Energy Agency and again by the U.S. Congress before nuclear trade can start. The deal is regarded as the most important symbol of a new friendship between India and the United States. It was agreed in principle in 2005 and went through 18 months of tough negotiations before it was approved by Congress. 2. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/us/AP-Mushroom-Cloud.html Engineer Says Bomb Test Plan Incomplete a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: January 10, 2007 Filed at 4:17 p.m. ET LAS VEGAS (AP) -- An air-quality engineer says government plans for a huge non-nuclear blast at the Nevada Test Site failed to consider the possibility that the explosion will kick up fine radioactive dust and carry it hundreds of miles. A federal official agreed and said the engineer's objections will be included in a final environmental assessment. The proposed test would detonate 700 tons of a mixture of fuel oil and ammonium nitrate fertilizer, the same materials in the bomb that destroyed the federal building in Oklahoma City in 1995 and killed 168 people. It would generate the first mushroom cloud in decades at the Nevada Test Site. Critics said it would kick up radioactive dust left from Cold-War-era nuclear tests and allow it to drift downwind toward Las Vegas and Utah. Algirdas Leskys, a data analyst with the Clark County Department of Air Quality and Environmental Management, said Tuesday at a public forum on the proposed test that the draft environmental assessment didn't consider the likelihood that extremely small bits of dust -- measuring 2.5 microns -- would become airborne. A micron is one one-millionth of a meter. Leskys, who stressed that he was not acting in his official capacity, said dust that fine could settle as far away as Las Vegas or Utah. ''They could stay in the atmosphere for weeks, and settle hundreds of miles from here,'' he said. Michael Skougard, an official of the National Nuclear Security Administration, acknowledged that analysts looked at larger, 10-micron particles when they determined that a 10,000-foot cloud would dissipate within 13 miles. Skougard said Leskys' concerns will be included in a final report before officials decide whether to authorize the test. Officials say the blast would provide crucial data on the kind of shock needed to destroy deeply buried or hardened targets. However, the test has been postponed indefinitely by a lawsuit filed by Western Shoshone tribe members and by people living downwind in Utah and Nevada. 3. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/world/AP-EU-Energy.html EU Seeks to Lower Energy Consumption a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: January 10, 2007 Filed at 12:10 p.m. ET BRUSSELS, Belgium (AP) -- The European Union on Wednesday announced plans to lower energy consumption, develop renewable sources such as wind power and biofuels and increase research into cutting carbon emissions from fuels already in use, particularly coal. The ambitious proposals seek to deter growing dependence on oil and gas imports and curb the emissions blamed for climate change. But the EU left the contentious issue of nuclear power up to each state to decide. EU Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso said Europe must embrace a low-carbon economy and lead the world into a ''post-industrial revolution.'' Those proposals have taken on new urgency as Europe has seen its oil and gas supplies disrupted by disputes between Russia -- which provides one quarter of its natural gas -- and the nations the supplies pass through on their way to Germany, Poland and other countries. ''Europe must lead the world into a new ... post-industrial revolution, the development of a low-carbon economy,'' Barroso said. ''We need new policies to face a new reality,'' he said. The package reflects a renewed sense of purpose evident in the EU during the past year, after a period of disarray caused by the rejection of the bloc's proposed constitution by French and Dutch voters in 2005. Climate change is at the center of the new policy, stressing the need to slash carbon emissions blamed for global warming -- a matter of dispute between Europe and the U.S. Barroso said he had talked to President Bush and congressional leaders about the issue. ''We are not speaking about European warming, we are speaking about global warming,'' he said. ''We need the United States with us, they are after all the biggest polluter in the world.'' The United States has refused to sign the Kyoto Protocol, which requires industrial nations to cut their global-warming gases by an average 5 percent below 1990 levels by 2012. The Bush administration contends that would slow its economy, and the accord should have required cuts by poorer but fast-growing nations, such as China and India. Environment ministers of the EU's 27 nations will debate the new strategy on Feb. 20, with EU leaders set to vote on the plan at a March summit. ''As soon as we have the endorsement, we will act swiftly,'' Barroso said. The EU is currently the world's largest importer of oil and gas. It buys 82 percent of its oil and 57 percent of its gas from third-party states. This is projected to rise to 93 percent of its oil and 84 percent of its gas over the next quarter-century. Russia is a large supplier, but concerns about the reliability of those supplies were underscored this week when shipments of Russian oil via a pipeline running through Belarus were disrupted by a trade dispute between the two former Soviet republics. ''We consider it unacceptable, this kind of event,'' Barroso said. ''We will make this very clear to our Russian and other partners.'' He would not comment on reports that Russia and Belarus had resolved their dispute. Surging world demand for limited stocks of oil and gas is likely to send prices -- and the EU's energy import costs -- spiraling in future decades. The EU is proposing that 20 percent of all its energy should come from renewable power by 2020, and a tenth of vehicle fuel from biofuels. It calls for greenhouse gas emissions to be cut by at least 20 percent below 1990 levels by 2020 to limit global warming and prevent serious damage caused by climate change. EU Energy chief Andris Piebalgs said the EU wants to set binding targets for the first time, suggesting a massive boost in low-carbon, homegrown power such as wind and solar energy to cut reliance of imported fossil fuels. The European Commission will invest 1 billion euros ($1.3 billion) over the next six years for research into renewable energies. It will increase research into cleaning up coal-burning power plants and developing technologies prevent carbon dioxide from escaping into the atmosphere. Priority will be given to improving energy efficiency so that vehicles, appliances, homes, and factories burn less fuel -- using methods ranging from improved insulation to cleaner engines. The EU hopes that plan alone can ensure it burns 13 percent less energy by 2020, with annual savings of 100 billion euros ($130 billion) and around 860 million tons of carbon dioxide. Barroso said the EU's executive arm would respect the right of each nation to determine its own course. ''It's not up to us to tell the member states whether in their energy mix they should have more or less nuclear or none at all,'' he said. ''What is important is to make progress toward an economy that is less dependent on carbon.'' 4. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/world/AP-Japan-Nuclear.html Japan Nuclear Reactor Resumes Operation a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: January 10, 2007 Filed at 12:54 a.m. ET TOKYO (AP) -- A Japanese utility company said it restarted a nuclear reactor Wednesday for the first time since it was shut down after a fatal August 2004 accident, the nation's worst at a nuclear facility. The No. 3 reactor at its Mihama Nuclear Power Plant was restarted and no trouble has been reported so far, said Ryuichi Suehiro, spokesman for Kansai Electric Power Co. which operates the plant. The reactor had been shut down since August 2004, when a corroded pipe ruptured and sprayed plant workers with boiling water and steam. Five workers were killed and six others were injured, although no radiation was released. The reactor is expected to start generating power on Thursday and reach full-scale commercial operation in early February after a final government inspection, the company has said in a statement. Resource-poor Japan depends on nuclear power plants for a third of its energy needs and aims to raise that to nearly 40 percent by 2010. But the Japanese public has grown increasingly wary of the nuclear power industry following a spate of safety problems, shutdowns and cover-ups, and utility companies face difficulty obtaining local support for new plant sites. Mihama is about 200 miles west of Tokyo. ***************************************************************** 16 [NukeNet] India Could Dump U.S. Nuclear Deal: Envoy Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 18:28:00 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (192.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) Mothersalert: http://www.mothersalert.org http://www.mothersalert.org/moreinfo.html 1. India Could Dump U.S. Nuclear Deal: Envoy 2. Engineer Says Bomb Test Plan Incomplete 3. EU Seeks to Lower Energy Consumption 4. Japan Nuclear Reactor Resumes Operation >....Like Bonhoeffer, Haushofer was arrested for speaking out. The SS prison guards were required to extract a >confession from prisoners before they were hanged or shot, but Haushofer refused. When they removed his body, >though, a paper fell out of his pocket. It was his admission of guilt written in the form of a sonnet: >Schuld >...schuldig bin ich Anders als Ihr denkt. >Ich musste früher meine Pflicht erkennen; >Ich musste schärfer Unheil Unheil nennen; >Mein Urteil habe ich zu lang gelenkt... >Ich habe gewarnt, >Aber nicht genug, und klar; >Und heute weiß ich, was ich schuldig war. >Guilt >I am guilty, >But not in the way you think. >I should have earlier recognized my duty; >I should have more sharply called evil evil; >I reined in my judgment too long. >I did warn, >But not enough, and clear; >And today I know what I was guilty of. >At Riverside Church 22 years later, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. began by quoting a statement by Clergy and >Laymen Concerned About Vietnam: "A time comes when silence is betrayal." Dr. King added, "That time has come >for us in relation to Vietnam." > And that time has come for us in relation to Iraq. But where are the Clergy and Laymen Concerned About Iraq? >Where are the successors to Dr. King, to Bonhoeffer, to Professor Haushofer? "There is only us," says Annie >Dillard, and she is right of course. We are the ones we've been waiting for. .......... http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/news/news-india-usa-nuclear.html?_r=1&oref=slogin India Could Dump U.S. Nuclear Deal: Envoy a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By REUTERS Published: January 10, 2007 Filed at 11:57 a.m. ET Skip to next paragraph NEW DELHI (Reuters) - India will walk away from a civilian nuclear deal with the United States if New Delhi's concerns are not allayed, its envoy said on Wednesday. It was critical the deal allowed India to reprocess spent U.S. nuclear fuel and did not stop it conducting nuclear tests, Shyam Saran, India's special envoy to the negotiations, said. ``This process will have to continue and there are certain very important issues which would have to be addressed and these are difficult issues,'' Saran said in a speech to diplomats and strategic affairs experts. ``Can we walk away from this deal if it does not correspond to our national interest? Obviously we have to walk away from this and we will walk away from it.'' President George W. Bush last month signed into law a bill approved by Congress allowing the deal to go through, a major step toward letting India buy U.S. nuclear reactors and fuel for the first time in 30 years. But Congress attached several conditions to the law which have not gone down well with New Delhi, and the two countries have returned to negotiations. Under the bill, the U.S. president would be required to end the export of nuclear materials if India tests another nuclear device. It tested one in 1998. It also does not guarantee uninterrupted fuel supplies for reactors and prevents India from reprocessing spent fuel. OPTIMISTIC MINDSET Saran said these conditions were not acceptable to India and this had been conveyed to the U.S.. ``Reprocessing of spent fuel will be very important, very critical. Without that it may be very difficult for us to take this forward,'' he said. ``While we are prepared to maintain a unilateral moratorium on fresh testing, we are not prepared to convert a policy commitment into a legal commitment,'' he said, referring to India's voluntary decision not to conduct nuclear tests. Indian communists, who sho by the 45-nation Nuclear Suppliers Group, the International Atomic Energy Agency and again by the U.S. Congress before nuclear trade can start. The deal is regarded as the most important symbol of a new friendship between India and the United States. It was agreed in principle in 2005 and went through 18 months of tough negotiations before it was approved by Congress. 2. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/us/AP-Mushroom-Cloud.html Engineer Says Bomb Test Plan Incomplete a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: January 10, 2007 Filed at 4:17 p.m. ET LAS VEGAS (AP) -- An air-quality engineer says government plans for a huge non-nuclear blast at the Nevada Test Site failed to consider the possibility that the explosion will kick up fine radioactive dust and carry it hundreds of miles. A federal official agreed and said the engineer's objections will be included in a final environmental assessment. The proposed test would detonate 700 tons of a mixture of fuel oil and ammonium nitrate fertilizer, the same materials in the bomb that destroyed the federal building in Oklahoma City in 1995 and killed 168 people. It would generate the first mushroom cloud in decades at the Nevada Test Site. Critics said it would kick up radioactive dust left from Cold-War-era nuclear tests and allow it to drift downwind toward Las Vegas and Utah. Algirdas Leskys, a data analyst with the Clark County Department of Air Quality and Environmental Management, said Tuesday at a public forum on the proposed test that the draft environmental assessment didn't consider the likelihood that extremely small bits of dust -- measuring 2.5 microns -- would become airborne. A micron is one one-millionth of a meter. Leskys, who stressed that he was not acting in his official capacity, said dust that fine could settle as far away as Las Vegas or Utah. ''They could stay in the atmosphere for weeks, and settle hundreds of miles from here,'' he said. Michael Skougard, an official of the National Nuclear Security Administration, acknowledged that analysts looked at larger, 10-micron particles when they determined that a 10,000-foot cloud would dissipate within 13 miles. Skougard said Leskys' concerns will be included in a final report before officials decide whether to authorize the test. Officials say the blast would provide crucial data on the kind of shock needed to destroy deeply buried or hardened targets. However, the test has been postponed indefinitely by a lawsuit filed by Western Shoshone tribe members and by people living downwind in Utah and Nevada. 3. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/world/AP-EU-Energy.html EU Seeks to Lower Energy Consumption a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: January 10, 2007 Filed at 12:10 p.m. ET BRUSSELS, Belgium (AP) -- The European Union on Wednesday announced plans to lower energy consumption, develop renewable sources such as wind power and biofuels and increase research into cutting carbon emissions from fuels already in use, particularly coal. The ambitious proposals seek to deter growing dependence on oil and gas imports and curb the emissions blamed for climate change. But the EU left the contentious issue of nuclear power up to each state to decide. EU Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso said Europe must embrace a low-carbon economy and lead the world into a ''post-industrial revolution.'' Those proposals have taken on new urgency as Europe has seen its oil and gas supplies disrupted by disputes between Russia -- which provides one quarter of its natural gas -- and the nations the supplies pass through on their way to Germany, Poland and other countries. ''Europe must lead the world into a new ... post-industrial revolution, the development of a low-carbon economy,'' Barroso said. ''We need new policies to face a new reality,'' he said. The package reflects a renewed sense of purpose evident in the EU during the past year, after a period of disarray caused by the rejection of the bloc's proposed constitution by French and Dutch voters in 2005. Climate change is at the center of the new policy, stressing the need to slash carbon emissions blamed for global warming -- a matter of dispute between Europe and the U.S. Barroso said he had talked to President Bush and congressional leaders about the issue. ''We are not speaking about European warming, we are speaking about global warming,'' he said. ''We need the United States with us, they are after all the biggest polluter in the world.'' The United States has refused to sign the Kyoto Protocol, which requires industrial nations to cut their global-warming gases by an average 5 percent below 1990 levels by 2012. The Bush administration contends that would slow its economy, and the accord should have required cuts by poorer but fast-growing nations, such as China and India. Environment ministers of the EU's 27 nations will debate the new strategy on Feb. 20, with EU leaders set to vote on the plan at a March summit. ''As soon as we have the endorsement, we will act swiftly,'' Barroso said. The EU is currently the world's largest importer of oil and gas. It buys 82 percent of its oil and 57 percent of its gas from third-party states. This is projected to rise to 93 percent of its oil and 84 percent of its gas over the next quarter-century. Russia is a large supplier, but concerns about the reliability of those supplies were underscored this week when shipments of Russian oil via a pipeline running through Belarus were disrupted by a trade dispute between the two former Soviet republics. ''We consider it unacceptable, this kind of event,'' Barroso said. ''We will make this very clear to our Russian and other partners.'' He would not comment on reports that Russia and Belarus had resolved their dispute. Surging world demand for limited stocks of oil and gas is likely to send prices -- and the EU's energy import costs -- spiraling in future decades. The EU is proposing that 20 percent of all its energy should come from renewable power by 2020, and a tenth of vehicle fuel from biofuels. It calls for greenhouse gas emissions to be cut by at least 20 percent below 1990 levels by 2020 to limit global warming and prevent serious damage caused by climate change. EU Energy chief Andris Piebalgs said the EU wants to set binding targets for the first time, suggesting a massive boost in low-carbon, homegrown power such as wind and solar energy to cut reliance of imported fossil fuels. The European Commission will invest 1 billion euros ($1.3 billion) over the next six years for research into renewable energies. It will increase research into cleaning up coal-burning power plants and developing technologies prevent carbon dioxide from escaping into the atmosphere. Priority will be given to improving energy efficiency so that vehicles, appliances, homes, and factories burn less fuel -- using methods ranging from improved insulation to cleaner engines. The EU hopes that plan alone can ensure it burns 13 percent less energy by 2020, with annual savings of 100 billion euros ($130 billion) and around 860 million tons of carbon dioxide. Barroso said the EU's executive arm would respect the right of each nation to determine its own course. ''It's not up to us to tell the member states whether in their energy mix they should have more or less nuclear or none at all,'' he said. ''What is important is to make progress toward an economy that is less dependent on carbon.'' 4. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/world/AP-Japan-Nuclear.html Japan Nuclear Reactor Resumes Operation a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: January 10, 2007 Filed at 12:54 a.m. ET TOKYO (AP) -- A Japanese utility company said it restarted a nuclear reactor Wednesday for the first time since it was shut down after a fatal August 2004 accident, the nation's worst at a nuclear facility. The No. 3 reactor at its Mihama Nuclear Power Plant was restarted and no trouble has been reported so far, said Ryuichi Suehiro, spokesman for Kansai Electric Power Co. which operates the plant. The reactor had been shut down since August 2004, when a corroded pipe ruptured and sprayed plant workers with boiling water and steam. Five workers were killed and six others were injured, although no radiation was released. The reactor is expected to start generating power on Thursday and reach full-scale commercial operation in early February after a final government inspection, the company has said in a statement. Resource-poor Japan depends on nuclear power plants for a third of its energy needs and aims to raise that to nearly 40 percent by 2010. But the Japanese public has grown increasingly wary of the nuclear power industry following a spate of safety problems, shutdowns and cover-ups, and utility companies face difficulty obtaining local support for new plant sites. Mihama is about 200 miles west of Tokyo. _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://mail.energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 17 [NukeNet] U.S. Moves to Become Global Nuclear Fuel Supplier Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 18:27:57 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (192.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/jan2007/2007-01-08-05.asp U.S. Moves to Become Global Nuclear Fuel Supplier WASHINGTON, DC, January 8, 2007 (ENS) - The Bush administration is pressing forward with plans to recycle spent nuclear fuel in the United States and supply nuclear fuel to other countries that refrain from building nuclear enrichment or recycling facilities to make their own nuclear fuel. The U.S. Department of Energy, DOE, announced Thursday that it intends to prepare a Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement for the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership Initiative, GNEP, promoted by President George W. Bush. Under the GNEP, the Energy Department proposes to design, build, and operate three facilities in the United States. A nuclear fuel recycling center would be constructed to separate spent nuclear fuel into reusable and waste components and then manufacture new nuclear fast reactor fuel using the reusable components. An advanced recycling reactor would be built to destroy long-lived radioactive elements in the new fuel while generating electricity. And an advanced fuel cycle research facility would be built to explore spent nuclear fuel recycling processes and other advanced nuclear fuel cycles. Introducing the Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement, PEIS, on Thursday, Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy Dennis Spurgeon said, "Our need for nuclear power - a safe, emissions-free and affordable source of energy - has never been greater and GNEP puts us on a path to encourage expansion of domestic and international nuclear energy production while reducing nuclear proliferation risks." 334e58.jpg U.S. Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy Dennis Spurgeon (Photo courtesy The World Nuclear Association) Before he joined the Department of Energy, Spurgeon was executive vice president and COO of the publicly traded company USEC Inc. With headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland, this global energy company is a supplier of enriched uranium fuel for commercial nuclear power plants. Through its subsidiary, the United States Enrichment Corporation, USEC operates the only two uranium enrichment facilities in the United States, the gaseous diffusion plants in Paducah, Kentucky and Portsmouth, Ohio. Uranium enrichment is a key step in the production of nuclear fuel used by nuclear power plants worldwide to generate electricity. The GNEP also includes two international initiatives. First, the United States would supply nuclear fuel services to other countries that decide not to build their own nuclear enrichment or recycling facilities to make nuclear fuel. The program also would develop proliferation-resistant nuclear power reactors for use in developing economies. Speaking in Vienna September 19, 2006 at an event called "Assurances of Nuclear Supply and Nonproliferation" hosted by the UN's International Atomic Energy Agency, Spurgeon said the United States does not intend to impose its nuclear fuel services upon other countries. "Of course," he said, "each state is free to make its own decisions with respect to nuclear energy policy, consistent with its international obligations." "Our intent is not to infringe on the sovereignty of states in making those decisions, but to provide alternatives that secure energy supplies and promote our shared nonproliferation goals," said Spurgeon. 334e8b.jpg The Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant where uranium is enriched. In 1988, the Kentucky Radiation Control Branch found the radioactive material technetium-99 in private drinking water wells near the plant. In 2003, Kentucky and the Department of Energy signed an agreement to promote accelerated cleanup at the plant. (Photo courtesy KRCEE) As part of President Bush's Advanced Energy Initiative, the GNEP encourages expansion of domestic and international nuclear energy production. At the same time, the Energy Department says, the program will help to minimize proliferation risks, and reduce the volume, thermal output, and radiotoxicity of spent nuclear fuel before disposal in a geologic repository. The Bush administration is still pressing forward to develop the nation's first geologic repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, despite opposition from the Nevada Congressional Delegation, which includes Senator Harry Reid, the new Senate majority leader, who has vowed that the facility will never be built. Support is growing for the renewed development of the nuclear industry in the United States. In October 2006, the Progressive Policy Institute, which is affiliated with the Democratic Leadership Council, issued a report on the energy sources it supports for the 21st century. Along with support for homegrown biofuels, a cap on carbon emissions and more wind, solar and clean coal, the report, "A Progressive Energy Platform," states, "Expand nuclear power, which produces no greenhouse gas emissions. New plant designs can produce power more safely and economically than first-generation facilities." Many environmentalists are still opposed to nuclear development. "To call nuclear reactors clean and safe is the height of hypocrisy," said Greenpeace USA spokesman Jim Riccio last April on the 20th anniversary of the Chernobyl disaster. "Unfortunately, nuclear energy will not address our addiction to oil and therefore, it isn't a viable solution to global warming," said Riccio. The GNEP Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement will consider a wide range of potential impacts from releases of radioactivity and other hazardous materials to the general population and workers. The PEIS will consider impacts to air and water quality, as well as to plants and animals near the proposed facilities. 334f55.jpg The Department of Energy's Savannah River Site near Aiken, South Carolina is being considered to host one or more of the GNEP facilities. (Photo courtesy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) The PEIS will consider the potential impacts from transportation of the radioactive materials and waste across the United States and around the world and the potential impacts from the treatment, storage, and disposal of these materials. The potential impacts from accidents, acts of terrorism or sabotage also will be evaluated. The PEIS will consider adverse effects on low-income and minority populations and the cultural and achaeological concerns of Native Americans. Also under consideration are the short and long-term land use impacts, long-term health and environmental impacts, site suitability, consumption of natural resources and energy, pollution prevention and waste management practices, as well as potential impacts from decontamination and decommissioning of facilities at the end of their useful lives. The PEIS will consider 13 sites as possible locations for one or more of the proposed GNEP facilities. At this time, the following DOE sites are under consideration for the location of a nuclear fuel recycling center and/or an advanced recycling reactor: * Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho * Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Paducah, Kentucky * Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Piketon, Ohio * Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina * Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee * Hanford Nuclear Site, Richland, Washington In addition, five non-DOE sites also are under consideration for the location of a nuclear fuel recycling center and/or an advanced recycling reactor: * Atomic City, Idaho * Morris, Illinois * Hobbs, New Mexico * Roswell, New Mexico * Barnwell, South Carolina DOE is proposing that the advanced fuel cycle research facility be located at a DOE site. Sites under consideration include: * Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho * Argonne National Laboratory, DuPage County, Illinois * Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico * Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina * Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee * Hanford Nuclear Site, Richland, Washington To further define the PEIS and identify key issues, the Energy Department is inviting the public to comment on the proposed scope during the 90-day comment period that began December 27, 2006 continues through April 4, 2007. All comments received during the public scoping period will be considered in preparing the GNEP Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement. To encourage public participation in the GNEP PEIS process, the Energy Department will host scoping meetings: * February 13 Oak Ridge, Tennessee * February 15 North Augusta, South Carolina * February 22 Joliet, Illinois * February 26 Hobbs, New Mexico * February 27 Roswell, New Mexico * March 1 Los Alamos, New Mexico * March 6 Paducah, Kentucky * March 8 Piketon, Ohio * March 13 Pasco, Washington * March 15 Idaho Falls, Idaho * March 19 Washington, DC To see the locations and times for the scoping meetings and to read the Federal Register Notice for the GNEP Draft PEIS, click here. The Energy Department plans to publish the GNEP Draft Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement in 2007 and the GNEP Final PEIS in 2008. Once it is approved, the Energy Department will announce the availability of the GNEP Draft Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement in the Federal Register and hold public hearings to solicit comments on the GNEP Draft PEIS from federal, state, and local governments, Native American tribes, industry, other organizations, and members of the public. These comments will be considered and addressed in the GNEP Final PEIS. The Energy Department will issue one or more Records of Decision at least 30 days after publication of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Notice of Availability of the GNEP Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement. For more information on the lease agreement and patent license, access http://www.gnep.gov/. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Each of the Iraqi children killed by the United States was our child. Each of the prisoners tortured in Abu Ghraib was our comrade. Each of their screams was ours. When they were humiliated, we were humiliated. The U.S. soldiers fighting in Iraq - mostly volunteers in a poverty draft from small towns and poor urban neighborhoods - are victims just as much as the Iraqis of the same horrendous process, which asks them to die for a victory that will never be theirs": Source: Arundhati Roy, "Tide? Or Ivory Snow? Public Power in the Age of Empire," Molly Johnson 6290 Hawk Ridge Place San Miguel, CA 93451 Cell: 805 296-0524 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://mail.energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net Attachment Converted: 334e58.jpg: 00000001,76358a4b,00000000,00000000 Attachment Converted: 334e8b.jpg: 00000001,76358a4c,00000000,00000000 Attachment Converted: 334f55.jpg: 00000001,76358a4d,00000000,00000000 ***************************************************************** 18 Guardian Unlimited: Japan Nuclear Reactor Resumes Operation From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday January 10, 2007 4:46 AM TOKYO (AP) - A Japanese utility company said it restarted a nuclear reactor Wednesday for the first time since it was shut down after a fatal August 2004 accident, the nation's worst at a nuclear facility. The No. 3 reactor at its Mihama Nuclear Power Plant was restarted and no trouble has been reported so far, said Ryuichi Suehiro, spokesman for Kansai Electric Power Co. which operates the plant. The reactor had been shut down since August 2004, when a corroded pipe ruptured and sprayed plant workers with boiling water and steam. Five workers were killed and six others were injured, although no radiation was released. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 19 Guardian Unlimited: EU: Days of Secure, Cheap Energy Over From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday January 10, 2007 10:01 AM By AOIFE WHITE AP Business Writer BRUSSELS, Belgium (AP) - Energy-dependent Europe is moving to wean itself off oil imports and slash the carbon emissions blamed for global warming. With world demand for limited stocks of oil and gas surging, top EU officials have embraced a new energy strategy that emphasizes diverse and renewable sources of fuel. The plan is due out Wednesday. Europe got a reminder of the high-risk future it faces this week when a trade dispute between Russia and Belarus disrupted shipments of Russian oil to Europe via a pipeline through Belarus. It follows a similar cutoff of natural gas to Ukraine last year. The latest disruption presents no immediate threat to EU oil supplies, but has unsettled European leaders. German Chancellor Angela Merkel joined EU President Jose Manuel Barroso in admonishing Russia for Monday's cutoff, both saying it was ``not acceptable'' for energy transit or supplier countries to halt deliveries without consultation. But such risks are growing, the EU plan warns, saying it is not certain that major oil and gas producers such as Russia will make the investments and commitments needed to keep Europe's economy running and its homes heated and lit. Europe has to look at alternatives, the plan says, recommending more renewable energy such as wind power and biofuels. Officials will suggest setting a new target for renewable power by 2020, with a binding target for biofuels to replace oil in vehicles. It says that biofuels could take up 14 percent of that market by 2020. ``Major investment'' in renewable energy is needed to make such options viable, the EU said, acknowledging that many EU nations will fail to meet existing goals to draw 12 percent of all EU energy from renewable sources by 2010. But this can only help cut into Europe's growing hunger for power - and imported oil and gas. Electricity generation will be ``heavily dependent'' on natural gas in the near future, it said, warning a number of countries reliant on one main supplier that they should diversify, choosing a wider range of sources, suppliers, transit routes and methods. It also suggests that current plans to cut back nuclear power - which it calls ``one of the cheapest sources of low carbon energy'' - will endanger the goal of curbing greenhouse gas emissions. It does not, however, explicitly endorse nuclear power, calling that a decision for each EU nation. Germany is in the process of closing its 17 nuclear power plants over the next 14 years, a policy Merkel questioned on Tuesday. ``One must also consider well what consequences there would be if we shut down nuclear power plants,'' the chancellor said in an interview on ARD, Germany's public television. She stopped short, though, of actually calling for lengthening the lives of Germany's reactors - could bring her in conflict with her coalition partners, the Social Democrats, who share power with her conservatives. Vast amounts of money also are needed to upgrade Europe's electricity network, with some $1.17 billion just to provide more power generation alone in the next 25 years as demand grows. Antitrust regulators will also highlight serious problems with the way the electricity and gas markets work at the moment, pointing to the control huge energy companies have over energy production and sales that led to overcharging, underinvestment and little competition. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 20 AFP: Japan to recognise India as nuclear state - report - January 10, 04:53 PM TOKYO (AFP) - Japan will recognise India as a nuclear power even though the South Asian nation is not a signatory to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, a report said. Japan would treat India as an exception to the steadfast nonproliferation principle as Tokyo wants to let Japanese firms participate in projects such as the construction of nuclear power stations in India, the Yomiuri Shimbun said. The Japanese government is trying to arrange a visit to India by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe this year, the Yomiuri said on Wednesday. Abe is expected to announce his support for the US-India nuclear cooperation agreement when he meets with India's Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, the Yomiuri said. "As the only nation in the world to have been a victim of atomic bombs, Japan has taken a stern attitude toward India's nuclear tests," the Yomiuri said. "However, the government decided to give preference to beefing up relations with India, whose economic development is proceeding at a remarkable pace," the newspaper said. In December, Tokyo agreed to start talks with India on a free-trade pact but declined to extend support to the nuclear deal between India and the United States, which promised long-denied civilian nuclear technology to India. The deal stipulates that India must put its civilian-use atomic reactors under the International Atomic Energy Agency's scanner. India in 1998 declared itself a nuclear weapons power and has refused to sign the Non-Proliferation Treaty. Japan snapped off aid to India and Pakistan after the two rivals conducted nuclear tests. But Japan has since warmed to India as it continues its rise as a regional economic power. Copyright © 2007 AFP. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 21 Daily Yomiuri: KEPCO restarts N-plant 2 1/2 years after accident The Yomiuri Shimbun Kansai Electric Power Co. restarted Mihama nuclear power plant's No. 3 reactor in Mihamacho, Fukui Prefecture, on Wednesday, nearly 2-1/2 years after a pipe ruptured at the plant in August 2004, killing five workers and injuring six others. Commercial operation is expected to resume at the beginning of February, pending a government inspection. KEPCO started the reactor at 1 p.m. However, due to a high density of boron mixed in the reactor's primary coolant, a chain reaction failed to occur, keeping the reactor from going critical, requiring KEPCO to repeat the start-up procedure. The boron is mixed in the primary coolant of the reactor to control nuclear overreactions when the reactor is activated. The reactor's failure to become critical is expected to delay KEPCO's initial plan to start generating electric power on Thursday evening. Hiroaki Koide, a research associate of Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, said: "Controlling the boron level is the most elementary procedure in activating a nuclear reactor, requiring precise measurements by the operators, so the failure was unthinkable. Because the higher density was controlled, it caused no safety concerns. "However, a failure to appropriately increase the boron level could have triggered excessive reactions of uranium, causing great danger." After the 2004 accident, KEPCO took 29 preventive measures, including transferring the headquarters of its nuclear power plant business to Mihamacho and increasing the number of employees that maintain pipes at its nuclear power plants. In May, the Fukui prefectural government and the Mihama municipal government authorized KEPCO to resume operations, based on the measures. KEPCO confirmed the safety of the pipes at the reactor during a test run in September and October. Some of the families of the accident victims opposed the restart, saying it was too soon. But KEPCO President Shosuke Mori visited the families of the five victims on Dec. 19-20 to explain the necessity of resuming commercial operations. After the meeting, KEPCO felt it had the consent of the bereaved to resume operations, the firm said. Plans were to begin electric power transmission from the reactor on Thursday. Its output was scheduled to reach 100 percent by the middle of this month. (Jan. 11, 2007) © The Yomiuri Shimbun. ***************************************************************** 22 BBC NEWS: EU plans 'industrial revolution' Updated: Wednesday, 10 January 2007, 16:18 GMT [A windmill cafe seen in front of the cooling towers of a nuclear power plant in Doel, Belgium (file picture)] The EU wants a radical shift towards renewable energy The European Commission has urged its members to sign up to an unprecedented common energy policy, unveiling a plan to diversify the bloc's energy sources. Commission chief Jose Manuel Barroso said it was time for a "post-industrial revolution" which would see Europe slash greenhouse gases by 20% by 2020. But political as well as environmental concerns should spur change, he noted. EU vulnerability as an oil importer was thrown into sharp relief this week when Russia's row with Belarus hit supplies. Binding targets This is the first step towards a common energy policy, says the BBC's Europe editor Mark Mardell. There are three central pillars to the proposed integrated EU energy policy. + A true internal energy market + Accelerating the shift to low-carbon energy + Energy efficiency through the 20% target by 2020 [Graph of EU energy use] EU - emissions and energy At-a-glance: EU plans In addition to the 20% of all EU energy that should come from renewable power by 2020, 10% of vehicle fuel should come from biofuels, said EU energy chief Andris Piebalgs. The EU wants to make these targets to be binding for the first time, he said. It also wants to make sure all new power stations are carbon neutral in 13 years - they should be built in such a way that carbon can be captured and buried - as well as ensuring there is a big increase in renewable power like wind and wave energy. "We need new policies to face a new reality - policies which maintain Europe's competitiveness, protect our environment and make our energy supplies more secure," said Mr Barroso. "Europe must lead the world into a new, or maybe one should say post-industrial revolution - the development of a low-carbon economy." Without such investment and energy efficiency measures, the EU report predicts that EU energy imports will rise from 50% of consumption to 65% by 2030, requiring increased reliance on potentially unpredictable sources. Internal market Although energy has been a driving factor of the EU, which was born as the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951, policy has on the whole remained a national issue. 95% of Germans believe that energy security is the top priority for the EU EU plan: What nations think How revolutionary is plan? The EU wants to fully open up the existing energy market to enable half a billion citizens to get their electricity or gas from anywhere else in Europe. Mr Barroso proposed stopping power generation and power supply being owned by the same company, which is very controversial in France and Germany. "We have two points of disagreement with the commission, which are the possible eventual abolition of controlled prices and the question of separating asset ownership by integrated operators," AFP cited an official source at the French industry ministry as saying. Meanwhile the commission's proposal to reduce emissions was lambasted by one environmental pressure group. "If the EU is serious about tackling climate change it must make far greater cuts in its carbon dioxide emissions. The proposed 20% cut does not demonstrate any intention to stay below the two degree limit," Catherine Pearce, the group's international climate co-ordinator, said. The package of measures will have to be approved by European governments before it can come into force. EU leaders will debate the commission's proposals at a summit in March. ***************************************************************** 23 BBC: EU energy plan: What nations think Last Updated: Wednesday, 10 January 2007 As the EU announces a new set of proposals on energy and climate issues, BBC correspondents look at what different European countries think of the plan. GERMANY - TRISTANA MOORE "The Russians are switching off our oil taps" - German newspapers were full of doom and gloom as Russian oil supplies to Germany were disrupted on Tuesday. Germany has made energy security one of the top priorities of its EU presidency. The German government has released a long document outlining the aims of the presidency. It concludes that "climate change is one of the most alarming environmental problems in the world". The German government has called for more ambitious commitments to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. It says that if the EU agrees on a reduction target of 30% by 2020, "Germany is willing to make a commitment that goes beyond that". Above all, Germany wants to lay the groundwork for a successor to the Kyoto Protocol. Following the disruption of Russian energy supplies to Europe, Chancellor Angela Merkel has called for a diversification of energy sources, to reduce dependence on any one big supplier. She suggested expanding the use of renewable energies and reconsidering Germany's plans to phase out nuclear power, which is a very controversial topic. With a very mild winter and a shortage of snow in Alpine resorts, the greenhouse effect has become a reality for many Germans. According to a survey carried out by the institute Infratest Dimap this month, the majority of Germans care passionately about climate change. The survey found that 95% of Germans believe that energy security is the top priority for the EU, and 94% of those questioned said climate protection was also important. Last year, Germany was rapped on the knuckles by the European Commission. The commission imposed cuts in permitted CO2 emissions by industry. Germany was told to reduce its carbon emissions cap from 482 million to 453 million tonnes. Back then, the German government described the commission's demands as "totally unacceptable". Ironically, Germany still has a long way to go to clean up its own backyard. BALTIC STATES - LAURA SHEETER The three Baltic states are among the smallest and poorest countries in the European Union, so their greenhouse gas emissions are lower than the EU average; but that does not mean they are happy at the prospect of further emissions cuts. Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia are all relatively inefficient energy users, a legacy of their Soviet past. But while they are starting to use more modern, greener technology, they are actually seeing emission levels growing. That is because they have among the fastest growing economies in the EU, and as people get more prosperous, they use more energy. As far as the Baltic governments are concerned, that is good news, and while they agree that emissions should not grow unchecked, they are worried that new, tougher EU rules could damage their economic growth. SPAIN - DANNY WOOD In terms of introducing legislation, the Spanish government has certainly demonstrated a commitment to tackling climate change. If that is any guide, new European measures are likely to be taken very seriously. In November, Spain's cabinet approved rules to cut industrial greenhouse gas emissions by 20% of the levels recorded in 2005. That followed a National Plan to Adapt to Climate Change. The first phase of that plan involves assessing the impact of climate change on Spain's water systems and biodiversity. The government is also encouraging the use of renewable energy, for example generating electricity from wind. You only have to drive around Spain to see the results: giant, wind-driven propellers covering the parched plains of the south and the green hills of the north. The Spanish branch of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) says the government is on the right track, but has raised concerns about the possibility of the government looking favourably on the opening of more nuclear power stations. As far as Spaniards are concerned, awareness and concern about environmental issues is on the up - especially when it comes to their chronic water shortages and the urban developments that have marred their coastlines. The majority of Spaniards and their current government are likely to support European attempts to get to grips with climate change. POLAND - ADAM EASTON Poland is by far the biggest coal producer in the EU. With its 40 mines it produces an average of 100 million metric tonnes a year. Approximately 95% of the country's electricity is generated in coal-fired plants. Renewable energy sources account for less than 5% of the country's total energy production. But carbon dioxide emissions have actually fallen by more than 30% compared to levels in 1988, due to falling coal production, the application of pollution prevention policies and the closure of loss-making heavy industrial plants in the transition from communism to a market economy. Now the Polish economy is undergoing substantial growth and energy consumption is rising. "The growth of greenhouse gases is inevitable in the coming years," the government's National Allocation Plan for CO2 emissions says. Both the government and environmental lobby groups believe Poland will fulfil its 6% greenhouse gas reduction target under the Kyoto Protocol. But meeting more stringent targets imposed by the EU in the future will be considerably more difficult. ***************************************************************** 24 BBC: Blair says energy security 'key' Last Updated: Wednesday, 10 January 2007 [Nuclear power station] The energy white paper is due to be published in March The security of energy supplies will become as important in the next decade as any security issue, Tony Blair says. The PM said it was important to ensure that the UK had a diverse energy supply, including nuclear power. "If we don't get these decisions right, and get them right quickly, we will pay a very heavy price in the future." His comments to MPs came after Russia's state pipeline operator cut oil supplies to Belarus, which had knock-on effects for Poland and Germany. Mr Blair was asked during Prime Minister's Questions about the UK's plans to prevent any similar situation happening to its energy supply. Diverse supply "Energy security for this country will be as important in the next decade as many of the crucial security issues have been in the years past," he said. "It is extremely important that we as a country make sure our energy supply is secure for the long term - that, in my view, needs a diverse supply of energy," he said. He said upcoming decisions about the energy white paper, to be published in March, were "very, very important". Replacing ageing nuclear power stations were key, but the UK had also recently signed a deal with Norway to supply 30% of gas over the coming years, he said. In Belarus, the Russian operator, Transneft, said it cut supplies on the Druzhba pipeline, which goes through Belarus, to prevent Belarus illegally siphoning off oil. The European Commission said the cuts posed no immediate risk to European supplies but it was seeking an urgent explanation from Belarus and Russia. ***************************************************************** 25 BBC: Germany may retain nuclear power Last Updated: Wednesday, 10 January 2007 By Steve Rosenberg BBC News, Berlin [Worker checking Druzhba oil pipeline] Energy supplies from the east have been disrupted twice Senior members of Germany's government have suggested retaining nuclear power as a way of diversifying the country's sources of energy. It follows concern that Germany has become too dependent on Russian fuel. A year ago it was supplies of Russian gas to Germany which were hit when the Russians turned off the gas taps to Ukraine. Now it is Russian oil which has stopped flowing because of a dispute between Moscow and Minsk. Two disruptions to energy supply from the east - which, for Germany, have highlighted the dangers of being over dependent on Russian fuel - which is why nuclear power here could receive a stay of execution. Energy 'mix' The previous German government under Gerhard Schroeder had voted to close the country's 17 nuclear power stations. Angela Merkel's coalition cabinet had said it would not reverse the decision despite the fact that many in her party, the Christian Democrats, are far more nuclear friendly. But in the light of the latest energy dispute Mrs Merkel has called for an extensive and balanced mix of energy - the consequences of phasing out nuclear power, she said, must be considered. Germany's economy minister was more direct - he has called for an urgent and necessary rethink of the country's pledge to abandon atomic energy. But any attempt to do so would anger the chancellor's coalition partners, the Social Democrats, and spark major opposition. ***************************************************************** 26 Platts: US and Japan agree to develop plan for GNEP collaboration Washington (Platts)--9Jan2007 The US and Japan agreed to jointly develop an action plan to establish the framework for collaboration on such nuclear energy programs as the US DOE's Global Nuclear Energy Partnership and the construction of new reactors. US Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman and Japanese Minister of Energy, Trade and Industry Akira Amari unveiled the agreement January 9 at a press conference. Amari called the agreement "highly significant." Bodman said he expected the plan, which is to be completed by April, will include technical efforts by Japanese scientists and engineers on such GNEP-related issues as spent fuel reprocessing and recycling, and fast reactor designs. A joint statement issued at the press conference added the plan also will cover collaboration on "policies and programs that support the construction of new nuclear power plants; and ... regulatory and nonproliferation-related exchanges." Copyright © 2007 - Platts, All Rights Reserved [The McGraw-Hill Companies] ***************************************************************** 27 Platts: NDA asks contractors BNG and UKAEA to cut final-quarter spending London (Platts)--10Jan2007 NDA asked contractors BNG and UKAEA to cut final-quarter spending by a total of 63 million pounds (US$122 million) to cover a shortfall in the UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority's cleanup budget for fiscal year 2006/07, which ends March 31, 2007. The reason was not UK government underfunding, an NDA spokesman told Platts January 9. He said that, of the just over two billion pounds cleanup money planned to be spent during FY-06/07, roughly half was supplied by a government grant and the rest was provided by ongoing commercial operations at the various sites being decommissioned. "There are issues around some of our commercial operations and not having quite as much income" from them as expected, he said. NDA had therefore requested the British Nuclear Group contractual organizations running the Sellafield reprocessing complex and the magnox reactor sites, and contractor UK Atomic Energy Authority, which operates Dounreay and other nuclear research sites, "to reduce their planned expenditure in the final quarter of the year by a total of approximately 63 million pounds" between them, he said. Copyright © 2007 - Platts, All Rights Reserved [The McGraw-Hill Companies] ***************************************************************** 28 Platts: Greenpeace rubbishes Merkel's Russian oil-German nuclear link Freiburg (Platts)--10Jan2007 Environmental group Greenpeace Wednesday hung a banner across the cooling tower of a German nuclear power plant that mocks Chancellor Angela Merkel's reaction to the Russia oil supply dispute. The group's message--"oil=car, nuclear power=electricity, Frau Merkel"--is its response to Merkel's comment that Germany's planned exit from nuclear power might have to be reviewed in connection with the stoppage of oil supplies from Russia. "How stupid does the government think its people are?" said Thomas Breuer, Greenpeace energy expert. "Every child in Germany knows that oil is processed to become gasoline and is pumped into car tanks. The lack of oil supplies could not even be solved with new nuclear units. Luckily, there are no nuclear cars." The green lobby group said almost 100% of radioactive uranium had to be imported, and if Germany were to scrap its nuclear withdrawal plan this would cement that dependence. "A real independence of energy supply can only be reached in Germany if renewables are massively expanded and energy is saved," said the group. Copyright © 2007 - Platts, All Rights Reserved [The McGraw-Hill Companies] ***************************************************************** 29 IHT: Western Japan nuke reactor to resume operation more than 2 years after fatal accident - International Herald Tribune The Associated Press Published: January 9, 2007 TOKYO: A Japanese utility company restarted a nuclear reactor Wednesday for a commercial operation for the first time since it was shut down after a fatal August 2004 accident, the nation's worst at a nuclear facility, plant operators said. The No. 3 reactor at its Mihama Nuclear Power Plant was restarted Wednesday afternoon and no trouble has been reported so far, said Ryuichi Suehiro, spokesman for Kansai Electric Power Co. which operates the plant. The reactor had been shut down since August 2004, when a corroded pipe ruptured and sprayed plant workers with boiling water and steam. Five workers were killed and six others were injured, although no radiation was released. The reactor is expected to start generating power beginning Thursday and reach full-scale commercial operation in early February after a final government inspection, the company has said in a statement. Resource-poor Japan depends on nuclear power plants for a third of its energy needs and aims to raise that to nearly 40 percent by 2010. But Japanese public has grown increasingly wary of the nuclear power industry following a spate of safety problems, shutdowns and cover-ups, and utility companies face difficulty obtaining local support for new plant sites. Mihama is about 320 kilometers (200 miles) west of Tokyo. IHT ***************************************************************** 30 IAEA: Nuclear Science & Technology in Africa + [IAEA.ORG :: Atoms for Peace] In Algeria, IAEA Director General Surveys the Regional Scene Staff Report 9 January 2007 [Cocoa Trees] Ghana - where cocoa trees are a prime resource - stands among countries in Africa seeing positive results from applications of nuclear science and technology through IAEA-supported programmes. (Credit: D. Kinley/IAEA) + Story Resources + Director General Statement + Algeria Nuclear Conference + IAEA Technical Cooperation + AFRA Regional Cooperation + Nuclear Sciences & Applications Countries of Africa are realizing benefits from a wide range of applications rooted in nuclear science, radiation and isotope technologies, and nuclear energy. Speaking in Algiers during an official visit to Algeria, IAEA Director General Mohamed ElBaradei surveyed the regional scene in the context of the IAEA´s support through technical cooperation and research channels. "Nearly all of the IAEA´s development activities in Africa support in some way the United Nations Millennium Development Goals," Dr. ElBaradei said. "They are also of direct relevance to the priority programmes of NEPAD, the New Partnership for Africa´s Development." He pointed out that areas of assistance include the management of groundwater resources, crop improvement, combating the tsetse fly and other pests, treatment of cancer and communicable diseases, nutritional intervention, industrial productivity, environmental protection, and the use of nuclear power. In all these areas, IAEA assistance includes capacity-building through human resource development and the build-up of infrastructure to ensure the use of nuclear technology in a safe, secure and peaceful manner. See Story Resources for the text of the Director General´s speech and related resources. Copyright ©, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagramer Strasse 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria Telephone (+431) 2600-0; Facsimilie (+431) 2600-7; E-mail: ***************************************************************** 31 NRC: Atomic Safety and Licensing Board; Before Administrative Judges: FR Doc E7-175 [Federal Register: January 10, 2007 (Volume 72, Number 6)] [Notices] [Page 1249] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr10ja07-79] Alan S. Rosenthal, Chairman, Dr. Paul B. Abramson, Dr. Richard F. Cole; In the Matter of U.S. Army (Jefferson Proving Ground Site); Notice of Hearing (Application for Materials License Amendment) January 4, 2007. This proceeding involves the May 25, 2005 application submitted by the Department of the Army (Licensee) for an amendment to its NRC materials license (License No. SUB-1435). The amendment would authorize an alternate schedule for the submittal to the NRC Staff of a decommissioning plan for the Licensee's Jefferson Proving Ground (JPG) site located in Madison, Indiana. Such a plan is required because there is currently amassed on that site a considerable quantity of depleted uranium (DU) munitions, the result of the Licensee's conduct, between 1984 and 1994 and under the auspices of the NRC materials license, of accuracy testing of DU tank penetration rounds. On December 9, 2005, this Atomic Safety and Licensing Board was established by the Commission to preside over the proceeding. On February 2, 2006, this Atomic Safety and Licensing Board granted a petition to intervene and request for hearing filed by Save the Valley, Inc., and deferred any hearing pending the completion of the NRC Staff's technical review. LBP-06-06, 63 NRC 167, 185-86 (2006). On December 20, 2006, after the completion of the Staff's technical review and issuance of the requested license amendment, this Board issued a Memorandum and Order in which we determined the scope of the evidentiary hearing. LBP-06-27, 64 NRC--(slip op.) (Dec. 20, 2006). In light of the foregoing, please take notice that a hearing will be conducted in this proceeding. The hearing will be governed by the informal hearing procedures set forth in 10 CFR Part 2, Subpart L (10 CFR 2.1200-.1213). During the course of the proceeding, the Board may conduct an oral argument (id. Sec. 2.331), may hold pre-hearing conferences (id. Sec. 2.329), and may conduct evidentiary hearings (id. Sec. 2.1207). The public is invited to attend any oral argument, pre-hearing conference, or evidentiary hearing unless otherwise ordered by the Commission (id. Sec. Sec. 2.327(b), 2.328). Notices of these sessions will be published in the Federal Register and/or made available to the public at the NRC Public Document Room, located at One White Flint, 11555 Rockville Pike (first floor), Rockville, Maryland, and through the NRC Web site, http://www.nrc.gov. Additionally, as provided in 10 CFR 2.315(a), any person not a party to the proceeding may submit a written limited appearance statement setting forth his or her position on the issues in this proceeding. These statements do not constitute evidence, but may assist the Board and/or parties in defining the issues being considered. Persons wishing to submit a written limited appearance statement should send it by mail to the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, Attention: Rulemakings and Adjudications Staff. A copy of the statement should also be served on the Chairman of this Atomic Safety and Licensing Board by mail to the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001. Documents relating to this proceeding are available for public inspection at the NRC's Public Document Room or electronically from the publicly available records component of NRC's document system (ADAMS). ADAMS is accessible from the NRC Web site at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS may contact the NRC Public Document Room reference staff by telephone at 1- 800-397-4209 or 301-415-4737, or by e-mail to pdr@nrc.gov. It is so ordered. For the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board.\1\ ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- \1\ Copies of this Notice of Hearing were sent this date by Internet e-mail to counsel for (1) the Department of the Army, (2) the NRC Staff, and (3) Save the Valley, Inc. Dated: January 4, 2007 in Rockville, Maryland. Alan S. Rosenthal, Chairman, Administrative Judge. [FR Doc. E7-175 Filed 1-9-07; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 32 Albuquerque Tribune: Nation's largest nuclear plant gets new boss Wednesday, January 10, 2007 PHOENIX — Arizona Public Service has named a new executive to oversee operations at the problem-plagued Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station outside Phoenix. Randy Edington, 53, will become a senior vice president and chief nuclear officer of Arizona's largest utility on Jan. 25. Palo Verde - owned by a consortium of power companies, including Public Service Company of New Mexico - has been hit with repeated mechanical problems in the past two years. U.S. trade deficit falls for third straight month HAVE YOUR SAY This site does not necessarily agree with posted comments, they are the sole responsibility of the person posting them. Readers will be banned for posting defamatory, obscene, abusive, threatening or an invasion of privacy comments. Read our privacy agreement. © 2007 The Albuquerque TribuneX ***************************************************************** 33 Deutsche Welle: Nuclear Power in Germany: A Chronology | 10.01.2007 DW-World.de Deutsche Welle Energy | 10.01.2007 [Germany's first nuclear reactor: The Atomic Egg in Garching] Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Germany's first nuclear reactor: The Atomic Egg in Garching Half a century has passed since Germany began exploring nuclear energy. DW-WORLD.DE takes a look at the history of atomic power and protests against its use in the country. 1957 The first nuclear research reactor, the so-called Atomic Egg, begins operating in the town of Garching near Munich. 1960 Germany's Atomic Energy Act takes effect. The law is meant to promote nuclear energy. 1961 [Otto Hahn with atom symbols ] Bildunterschrift: Otto Hahn with atom symbols Germany's first nuclear power plant goes online in Karlstein am Main, just east of Frankfurt. The town still includes a symbol of an atom in its seal. 1968 The ore cargo ship "Otto Hahn," which uses nuclear power and is named after the German discoverer of nuclear fission, begins work as a research ship. In 1979, it is retrofitted to run on diesel. 1970s The oil crisis becomes a major boost for nuclear power in Germany and leads to the construction of several new nuclear power plants. [German nuclear power plants and their remaining lifespans] Bildunterschrift: German nuclear power plants and their remaining lifespans 1975 The first major anti-nuclear protests with about 30,000 demonstrators take place in Germany against construction of a new plant in Wyhl am Kaiserstuhl on the French border in southwestern Germany. The plant is never built and the land eventually becomes a nature preserve in 1995. 1979 The meltdown at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Harrisburg, PA (USA) on March 29, 1979 causes the anti-nuclear movement in Germany to grow. Early 1980s Plans to build a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf lead to major protests. The plans are abandoned in 1988. It still isn't clear whether protests or pragmatic cost calculations by the operating company led to the decision. 1981 [Thousands protest against the Brokdorf nuclear plant] Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Thousands protest against the Brokdorf nuclear plant On Feb. 28, Germany's largest anti-nuclear demonstration takes place against construction of the Brokdorf nuclear plant on the North Sea coast west of Hamburg. Some 100,000 people face off with 10,000 police officers. The plant begins operations in October 1986. It is scheduled to go offline in 2018. 1986 The Chernobyl nuclear power plant catastrophe on April 26 leads to a major shift in attitudes regarding nuclear power in Germany. The environment ministry is founded as a result. 2002 [Then Environment Minister Jürgen Trittin unveils a ] Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Then Environment Minister Jürgen Trittin unveils a "nuclear power: off" poster on the ministry's wall in 2005 The "Act on the structured phase-out of the utilization of nuclear energy for the commercial generation of electricity" takes effect -- 16 years to the day after Chernobyl and following a drawn-out debate among political parties as well as lengthy negotiations with nuclear power plant operators. It calls for the shut-down of all German nuclear plants by 2021. The Stade nuclear plant is the first one to go offline in November 2003, followed by the Obrigheim plant in 2005. The Biblis A plant is scheduled to be shut down this year. 2006 [A Castor transport on Nov. 21, 2006] Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: A Castor transport on Nov. 21, 2006 Nuclear waste transports in so-called Castor containers continue to trigger protests along the route. 2007 Amid fears that Russian energy supplies to western Europe might not be reliable, conservative politicians, including Chancellor Angela Merkel and Economics Minister Michael Glos, continue to question the decision to phase out nuclear power in Germany. Compiled by DW staff (win) 1. © 2007 Deutsche Welle ***************************************************************** 34 Depeleted Uranium still killing Italian troops Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 14:34:17 -0600 (CST) X-Sender-Host-Name: chumbly.math.missouri.edu X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM Uranium 'killing Italian troops' By Christian Fraser BBC News, Rome * Italian soldiers are still dying following exposure to depleted uranium in the wars in Bosnia and Kosovo, their relatives say. * Troops who served during the wars in the 1990s believe they have contracted cancer and other serious illnesses from extended exposure to the munitions. The US says it fired around 40,000 depleted uranium rounds during the Bosnian and Kosovo conflicts. A pressure group says 50 veterans have died and another 200 are seriously ill. Depleted uranium is used on the tips of bullets and shells. Because of its density it can pierce the armour plating on tanks. But when it explodes it often leaves a footprint of chemically poisonous and radioactive dust. The Italians who served in Bosnia and Kosovo were involved in the clear-up of battlefields and came into close contact with exploded ammunition. * Children with disabilities * The association representing the soldiers, known as Anavafaf, says many of those who have died or are ill have contracted cancer. In 2002 the Italian defence ministry published a report compiled by independent scientists which found a higher than average number of servicemen were suffering from cancer. It said there was an excessive number of Hodgkin's disease victims among Italian Balkan peacekeepers. A number of children fathered by the soldiers have been born with disabilities. There are similar reports from soldiers' associations in Belgium, Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands. Both the US and Britain acknowledge the dust from depleted uranium can be dangerous if inhaled but they insist the danger is short-lived and localised. Story from BBC NEWS: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/europe/6247401.stm Published: 2007/01/10 09:59:05 GMT (c) BBC MMVII ***************************************************************** 35 [toeslist] US Nuclear sub and tanker collide but no leaks Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 10:55:16 -0600 (CST) X-Sender-Host-Name: chumbly.math.missouri.edu X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM Home >> World UPDATED: 14:01, January 10, 2007 N-sub and tanker collide but no leaks font size ZoomIn ZoomOut A US nuclear submarine and a Japanese tanker collided in the Gulf, but there were no injuries or oil leaks, officials of the tanker's owner and the US military said yesterday. The USS Newport News submarine and the Mogamigawa Japanese cargo ship collided in the Strait of Hormuz, a major waterway for oil transportation, at 10:15 pm local time (1915 GMT) on Monday, the US navy said. The Mogamigawa had eight Japanese and 16 Philippine crew members. "Thankfully no sailors or merchant crewmen were injured," said Charlie Brown, a spokesman for the US Fifth Fleet which is based in the Gulf state of Bahrain. "The damage is still being evaluated but both vessels are seaworthy," he said, adding that the cause of the accident was under investigation. The propulsion plant of the nuclear powered sub was unaffected, the navy said in a statement. A Japanese Defense Ministry spokesman said it was investigating the incident, which involved a ship belonging to Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd carrying oil for Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K. A Kawasaki Kisen spokesman said there had been no injuries and no oil leaked from the vessel, and a Japanese Transport Ministry spokesman said the ship was still able to move. "I am very relieved" there were no injuries or oil leak, Japanese Transport Minister Tetsuzo Fuyushiba told reporters. A spokeswoman for the shipping firm said the very large crude carrier Mogamigawa had been headed for Singapore from the Gulf and would stop at the United Arab Emirates to check the extent of any damage. Source: China Daily/agencies ***************************************************************** 36 BBC: Uranium 'killing Italian troops' Last Updated: Wednesday, 10 January 2007 By Christian Fraser BBC News, Rome [Italian soldiers measure radiation on a Yugoslav tank destroyed in Kosovo] Depleted uranium shells were used to destroy Yugoslav tanks Italian soldiers are still dying following exposure to depleted uranium in the wars in Bosnia and Kosovo, their relatives say. Troops who served during the wars in the 1990s believe they have contracted cancer and other serious illnesses from extended exposure to the munitions. The US says it fired around 40,000 depleted uranium rounds during the Bosnian and Kosovo conflicts. A pressure group says 50 veterans have died and another 200 are seriously ill. Depleted uranium is used on the tips of bullets and shells. Because of its density it can pierce the armour plating on tanks. But when it explodes it often leaves a footprint of chemically poisonous and radioactive dust. The Italians who served in Bosnia and Kosovo were involved in the clear-up of battlefields and came into close contact with exploded ammunition. Children with disabilities The association representing the soldiers, known as Anavafaf, says many of those who have died or are ill have contracted cancer. In 2002 the Italian defence ministry published a report compiled by independent scientists which found a higher than average number of servicemen were suffering from cancer. It said there was an excessive number of Hodgkin's disease victims among Italian Balkan peacekeepers. A number of children fathered by the soldiers have been born with disabilities. There are similar reports from soldiers' associations in Belgium, Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands. Both the US and Britain acknowledge the dust from depleted uranium can be dangerous if inhaled but they insist the danger is short-lived and localised. ***************************************************************** 37 Hawk Eye Newspaper: IAAP plans explosions Sunday, January 7, 2007 Site updated daily at 11 a.m. CST The Hawk Eye Area residents may hear louder than usual explosions coming from the Iowa Army Ammunition Plant testing grounds in coming weeks. The Middletown facility recently received a contract to produce cratering charges for the U.S. military. The explosions are used to make areas impassable for traffic, forcing vehicles through checkpoints. IAAP is required to test fire small quantities of the charges. Plant officials said the test firing will begin in the next several weeks. A group of charges will be fired over a several–day period, followed by one or two smaller groups test fired in the spring or early summer. All test fires will be performed during daylight. The Hawk Eye 800 S. Main St., Burlington, Iowa 52601 319-754-8461 · 1-800-397-1708 · FAX 319-754-6824 · Problems? contact the webmaster. ***************************************************************** 38 Salt Lake Tribune: Location changed for Divine Strake hearing The Salt Lake Tribune Article Last Updated: 01/09/2007 06:21:38 PM MST Posted: 3:26 PM- The location has been changed for Wednesday's public information meeting in Salt Lake City on the proposed huge experimental explosion at the Nevada Test Site called Divine Strake. The meeting will be held at the Grand America Hotel, 555 S. Main St. Previously, the meeting had been scheduled for the EnergySolutions Arena. The meeting is being sponsored by two federal agencies involved in the planning of the test of 700 tons of explosives in the area west of the Utah border in Nevada. The federal government wants to carry out the explosion as part of an effort to create bombs that can destroy underground bunkers. The explosion was postponed after public opposition from people who fear such as test could spread dirt contaminated by past nuclear testing into Utah and other areas. No date has been set for the explosion. ***************************************************************** 39 Salt Lake Tribune: Demand answers: Guv, congressmen should get tough on bomb Article Last Updated: 01/09/2007 07:47:12 PM MST Utah Gov. Jon Huntsman is right to gather, on his own, public comments about the Pentagon's plan for a bomb test in the Nevada desert, since federal hearings this week are largely a sham. But the governor should do more than that. What's needed is a face-to-face meeting between Huntsman and Utah's representatives in Congress and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. In that setting, Utah officials can demand answers about the potential dangers of Divine Strake, a 700-ton non-nuclear explosion planned for this spring at the Nevada Test Site. If they are not satisfied with the responses, they should do what is necessary to delay or, better yet, stop the test altogether. The three public sessions the agency called in Las Vegas last night, Salt Lake City today and in St. George on Thursday were billed as "open houses," not hearings, and their format does not allow for open debate. Worse, there is nothing to ensure that written comments will ever be seriously considered. Even the hearings that Huntsman has set for next week, in which ordinary citizens can and should speak out, are not sufficient to hold the agency accountable. Utahns certainly deserve to be heard, but their comments don't have the authoritative weight of state officials and members of Congress, armed with scientific data, sitting at a table with agency officials. The federal government is asking Americans who live around the test site to trust its claim that the test is safe. Unfortunately, the government doesn't deserve that level of trust. Utahns remember too well how the government assured them that open-air nuclear testing in the 1950s was safe, and they have paid dearly in lost health and life for exposure to radioactive fallout. The agencies involved with Divine Strake have done nothing to restore trust. They finally admitted that the blast could spread radioactivity from contaminated dust to the off-site public, but say the effects likely would be insignificant. That's easy to say, of course, when you don't have to define "insignificant" and seem to be under orders to skirt the hurdles of public opinion and science. As this is a critical public health issue, it is up to Utah's elected representatives to ask the tough questions and demand answers, and to not pull any political or legal punches until they get them. | MNG Corporate Site Map ***************************************************************** 40 Deseret News: Strake info session is today at hotel [deseretnews.com] January 10, 2007 The location of today's public information session for the Divine Strake test has been changed. Instead of EnergySolutions Arena, the session will take place at the Grand America. The time will remain 6:30-9 p.m. The event, billed as an open house, will include representatives from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration. They will answer questions about the proposed non-nuclear bomb test in Nevada. The public can also submit comments orally or in writing. The reason for the move was because "management for EnergySolutions Arena ... are unable to support the event," according to a news release. No further information was given. The Divine Strake test is a 700-ton conventional blast planned for the Nevada Test Site. The test is intended to help officials learn more about what kind of explosive power is needed to destroy underground nuclear facilities. Opponents of the test worry that the blast could spread radioactive debris from previous nuclear tests at the site, although the NNSA contends there is no risk. They also would prefer that the federal agencies host public hearings instead of the planned information sessions. The Utah Department of Environmental Quality, at the direction of Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr., has scheduled two public hearings. © 2007 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 41 Salt Lake Tribune: Divine Strake: The word is out - and it doesn't mean a thing By Judy Fahys The Salt Lake Tribune Article Last Updated: 01/10/2007 10:27:37 AM MST Michael Berry wrote to a Pentagon official last week for the answer to a question that's had many Utahns scratching their heads since they first heard about "Divine Strake," the massive test explosion the federal government wants to detonate in the Nevada desert. What does the name mean, exactly? And what's holy about using 700 tons of non-nuclear explosives to blow up an old tunnel in the middle of nowhere? After his e-mail dialogue Friday with the public affairs department of the Defense Threat Agency, the government office behind the blast, the Salt Lake City man divined the answer. The name is nonsense. Sure, "divine" means "godlike." And the word "strake" refers to an architectural feature of boats and aircraft. But the term is just two words tacked together to meet the criteria of a military regulation, and they have no deeper meaning. At first, it made him chuckle. Later, he thought about the government dreaming up nonsense names. "Then, you think, if they're doing that at that level, then what else might be going on?" Berry says he plans to be among the Utahns headed to public information sessions this week hosted by the Pentagon agency and the National Nuclear Security Administration, an arm of the U.S. Energy Department, in Salt Lake City, St. George and Las Vegas. And, like many Utahns, he opposes the test, despite the federal government's assurances the huge explosion won't harm anyone outside the Nevada Test Site boundaries. Many Divine Strake critics worry that dirt contaminated with leftovers from the government's decades-long atomic testing program will shoot up to 10,000 feet into the sky and drift to Utah and other states if the test is allowed to go forward. They also fear the resumption of nuclear weapons tests in Nevada, like ones many blame for Downwinder illnesses such as thyroid disease and cancer. Divine Strake, it turns out, follows a long tradition of absurd monikers for Nevada Test Site experiments. The Energy Department's system for code-naming weapons tests evolved after military planners found their initial plan got repetitive fast, with five "Able" tests, four "Bakers" and three "Clean Slates." So, the Pentagon began giving each year an operation name, such as "Quicksilver" or "Musketeer" and invited scientists at the national laboratories to name individual tests, according the Energy Department. The labs would offer the Pentagon names according to a theme of the year, and the White House would make the ultimate decision. Cocktails, cheese, stinging insects, trees, fish, Nevada ghost towns and New Mexico counties all became code names. At the same time, it's clear that there are broader and deeper meanings in some Pentagon-generated names, like the recent "Desert Shield," "Desert Storm" or "Iraqi Freedom." But not these tests, said Darwin Morgan, who works for the Energy Department at the Nevada Test Site. "They are arbitrary," he said, "and that's just the way it works." Incidentally, Morgan doesn't know anyone else whose two names have been used for Test Site detonations. "Morgan" was used in a year of horse-breed names, and "Darwin" in a year when tests were named after famous scientists. "Don't know what it means, but . . . " fahys@sltrib.com Bomb test names The 928 atomic weapons experiments at the Nevada Test Site had names, most of which signified nothing. You can see a complete list in this Energy Department report: www.nv.doe.gov/library/publications/historical/DOENV_209_REV15.pd f, but here's a short list with the dates when they were carried out: * Plants: Beebalm 05/01/1970; Mint Leaf 05/05/1970; Delphinium 09/26/1972l; Canna 11/17/1972; Flax 12/21/1972; Portulaca 06/28/1973 * Cheeses: Edam 04/24/1975; Stilton 06/03/1975; Colby 03/14/1976; Fontina 02/12/1976; Camembert 06/26/1975; Havarti 08/05/1981; Jarlsberg 08/27/1983; Brie 06/18/1987 * Nautical: Bulkhead 04/27/1977; Strake 08/04/1977; Topmast 03/23/1978; Ebbtide 09/15/1977; Transom 05/10/1978 * Semi-Precious Stones: Turquoise 04/14/1983; Carnelian 07/28/1977; Rhyolite 06/22/1988; Mini Jade 05/26/1983 * Texas Cities: Waco 12/01/1987; Laredo 05/21/1988; Abilene 04/07/1988; Alamo 07/07/1988; Midland 07/16/1987; Austin 06/21/1990; Houston 11/14/1990 * Fish: Mackerel 02/18/1964; Pike 3/13/1964; Salmon 10/22/1964; Sturgeon 04/15/1964; Swordfish 05/11/1962; Bonefish 02/18/1964; Sardine 12/04/1963 * Board Games: Backgammon 11/29/1979; Baccarat 01/24/1979; Chess 06/20/1979; Rummy 09/27/1978 Public meetings * Today, 6:30-9 p.m., Grand America Hotel, 555 S. Main St., Salt Lake City * Thursday, 6:30-9 p.m., Dixie Center, 1835 Convention Center Drive, St. George Location changed for Divine Strake hearing The location has been changed for today's public information meeting in Salt Lake City on the proposed huge experimental explosion at the Nevada Test Site called Divine Strake. The meeting will be held at the Grand America Hotel, 555 S. Main St., from 6:30 p.m. to 9 p.m. Previously, the meeting had been scheduled for the EnergySolutions Arena. © Copyright 2006, The Salt Lake Tribune. ***************************************************************** 42 Eureka Alert: Radiation degrades nuclear waste-containing materials faster than expected EurekAlert! date: 10-Jan-2007 Contact: Bill Cannon cannon@pnl.gov 509-375-3732 DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Radiation degrades nuclear waste-containing materials faster than expected New method enlists NMR to test durability of mineral-based waste forms Minerals intended to entrap nuclear waste for hundreds of thousands of years may be susceptible to structural breakdown within 1,400 years, a team from the University of Cambridge and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory reported today (Jan. 11) in the journal Nature. The new study used nuclear magnetic resonance, or NMR, to show that the effects of radiation from plutonium incorporated into the mineral zircon rapidly degrades the mineral's crystal structure. This could lead to swelling, loss of physical strength and possible cracking of the mineral as soon as 210 years, well before the radioactivity had decayed to safe levels, said lead author and Cambridge earth scientist Ian Farnan. According to current thinking, highly radioactive substances could be rendered less mobile by combining them, before disposal, with glass or with a synthetic mineral at a very high temperature to form a crystal. However, the crystal structure can only hold the radioactive elements for so long. Inside the crystal radioactive decay occurs, and tiny atomic fragments called alpha particles shoot away from the decaying nucleus, which recoils like a rifle, with both types repeatedly blasting the structure until it breaks down. This may increase the likelihood for radioactive materials to leak, although co-author William J. Weber, a fellow at the Department of Energy national laboratory in Richland, Wash., who made the samples used in the study, cautioned that this work did not address leakage, and researchers detected no cracking. Weber noted that the "amorphous," or structurally degraded, natural radiation-containing zircon can remain intact for millions of years and is one of the most durable materials on earth. Some earth and materials scientists believe it is possible to create a structure that rebuilds itself after these "alpha events" so that it can contain the radioactive elements for much longer. The tests developed by the Cambridge and PNNL team would enable scientists to screen different mineral and synthetic forms for durability. As well as making the storage of the waste safer, new storage methods guided by the NMR technique could offer significant savings for nations facing disposal of large amounts of radioactive material. Countries including the United States, Britain, France, Germany and Japan are all considering burying their nuclear waste stockpiles hundreds of meters beneath the earth's surface. Doing so necessitates selection of a site with sufficiently stringent geological features to withstand any potential leakage at a cost of billions of dollars. For example, there is an ongoing debate over the safety of the Yucca Mountain site in Nevada. A figure published in Science in 2005 put that project's cost at $57 billion. "By working harder on the waste form before you started trying to engineer the repository or choose the site, you could make billions of dollars worth of savings and improve the overall safety," Farnan said. "At the moment, we have very few methods of understanding how materials behave over the extremely long timescales we are talking about. Our new research is a step towards that. "We would suggest that substantive efforts should be made to produce a waste form which is tougher and has a durability we are confident of, in a quantitative sense, before it is stored underground, and before anyone tried to engineer around it. This would have substantial benefits, particularly from a financial point of view." PNNL senior scientist and nuclear magnetic resonance expert Herman Cho, who co-wrote the report, said: "When the samples were made in the 1980s, NMR was not in the thinking. NMR has enabled us to quantify and look at changes in the crystal structure as the radiation damage progresses. "This method adds a valuable new perspective to research on radioactive waste forms. It has also raised the question: 'How adequate is our understanding of the long-term behavior of these materials?' Studies of other waste forms, such as glass, could benefit from this technique." ### The collaboration was funded by Britain's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and the U.S. DOE, with support from the PNNL-based Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory. UK contact information: Tom Kirk, Communications Office, University of Cambridge, Tel: 01223 332300, mobile 07917 535815, Email: tdk25@admin.cam.ac.uk EurekAlert! ***************************************************************** 43 deseret news: Divine Strake change for hearing sparks ire [deseretnews.com] Wednesday, January 10, 2007 By Josh Loftin Deseret Morning News The location of the public information session for the Divine Strake test has been changed. Instead of the EnergySolutions Arena, the hearing will take place at the Grand America. The time for today's hearing will remain 6:30-9 p.m. The hearing, billed as an open house, will include representatives from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration. They will answer questions about the proposed non-nuclear bomb test in Nevada. The public can also submit comments orally or in writing. The reason for the move was because "management for EnergySolutions Arena ... are unable to support the event," according to a news release. No further information was given. Following the announcement, opponents of the proposed test criticized the move. Utah Democratic Party chairman Wayne Holland said the move is yet another failure to "meet any expectation of interaction" by the agencies. "From denying the people of Utah and Nevada the chance to have their voices and opinions heard, to the last-minute change of venue for the Salt Lake presentation, the NNSA and DTRA have shown a pattern of behavior that feeds directly into the people's mistrust and suspicion for this entire debacle," Holland said in a news release. The Divine Strake test is a 700-ton conventional blast planned for the Nevada Test Site. The test is intended to help officials learn more about what kind of explosive power is needed to destroy underground nuclear facilities. Opponents of the test worry that the blast could spread radioactive debris from previous nuclear tests at the site, although the NNSA contends there is no risk. Opponents also would prefer that the federal agencies host public hearings instead of the planned information sessions. The Utah Department of Environmental Quality, at the direction of Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr., has scheduled two public hearings. Vanessa Pierce, executive director of HEAL Utah, said the last-minute venue change is just another example of the federal government's lack of due diligence. While she said it probably would have some impact on public turnout, many of the out-of-town opponents — especially the downwinders who live in southern Utah — were planning to boycott tonight's hearing and attend the DEQ hearings. "If they (the NNSA) can't even do the simple legwork to make sure that the venue can hold the hearing, how can we trust their environmental assessment?" Pierce said. "They do not have their act together ... at least, they are consistently incompetent." If you go . . . What: Divine Strake open house Where: Grand America Hotel, 555 S. Main When: Today, 6:30-9 p.m. © 2007 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 44 kutv.com: Possible Nuclear Blast Talks Come To SLC [clock] Jan 9, 2007 8:52 pm US/Mountain (KUTV) A huge blast planned for the Nevada desert is back on the table. Wednesday night, the federal government will talk about "Divine Strake" during a public forum at Salt Lake's Grand America hotel. They’re calling it a public forum, but no one can make comments or ask questions. Governor Huntsman is planning some public comment sessions for later this month. And some Utah lawmakers have plenty to say about that. “We want to stop the testing there period.” said a St. George protester. It's been a thorn in southern Utah’s side for years. Residents rallied last summer, trying to stop the federal government from doing this. Nuclear blasts from the 1950s and 1960s blew radiation down-wind to southern Utah, causing health problems. Google earth shows what remains along the Nevada test site. Now the government wants to set-off a 700-ton bomb called a "Bunker Buster", in a deep tunnel. But that could send debris from the radioactive bombs back into the air, and back over Utah. “I want our people protected.” Said Senator Orrin Hatch. Utah Senator Orrin hatch says the government fully intends to go ahead with this. But it could be a hard pill to swallow for southern Utahns. “They shouldn't have to go through this unless it's absolutely safe. Now they assure us it is, their computer models say that it is.” said Hatch. “I think this divine strake test is still problematic in many respects.” said Congressman Jim Matheson. Utah congressman Jim Matheson says the people need a voice. And they're not getting one, If it's left up to the federal government. “I think a public meeting, they should have the opportunity for people to stand up and make statements and also to ask questions.” said Matheson. With the test now back on the table, these two lawmakers are trying to ensure no one gets hurt. “If they're not safe, I’m not gonna be very happy about this. And I’m not very happy about it anyway. But I’m certainly not gonna be happy unless they can absolutely show that our people are safe.” said Hatch. Matheson and hatch have even suggested moving the test to New Mexico. But the government says that's too expensive and will take too long. Wednesday night's meeting starts at 6:30 pm. (© MMVII, CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved.) © MMVII, KUTV Holdings Inc. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 45 Monticello Times: NRC offers KI pills to those within 10 miles of plant www.monticellotimes.com January 10, 2007 by Kathleen Ostroot News Editor Come February, in the event of a nuclear accident, when radioactive iodide may be released into the environment, people within a 10-mile radius of the Monticello nuclear plant will have the option of taking potassium iodide pills that can bind radiation and may prevent thyroid cancer. This month, emergency planning packets were mailed to about 130,000 people who live and work within the 10-mile radius of both the Prairie Island and Monticello nuclear plants. In the packets are vouchers that can be exchanged for two free doses of potassium iodide per person. According to Doug Neville at the Minnesota Department of Public Safety (MDPS), the offer in no way reflects a change in operation or condition of the plants. It is a result of a free offering from the federal government to states with nuclear facilities, he said. Neville said the Minnesota Department of Public Safety Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management (HSEM), the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) and Nuclear Management Company (NMC), as well as other local partners, finalized distribution plans to accept a supply of potassium iodide (KI) from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Residents, businesses and dependent care facilities are eligible for the free doses. Neville said businesses and dependent care facilities will also receive vouchers, but will be asked to attend a KI forum to receive KI for their employees and customers at the forum. But doses will also be available in February at local Target pharmacies. A SuperTarget will open in March in Monticello, and the tablets will be available at that time. Potassium iodide, known as KI, is a cheap nonprescription drug that has proven to prevent thyroid cancer, which is one of the main causes of death after radiation exposure, if administered within three to four hours of a nuclear release. Although the NRC offered KI at no cost to every state with a nuclear generating plant some states, including Wisconsin, did not take the offer. However, Minnesota was the 22nd state to accept the NRC offer. "The use of KI would be recommended as an additional safeguard, supplementing other emergency measures such as evacuation," Neville said. For more information about KI distribution, call HSEM at 651-201-7490. For information about health risks associated with KI, call the MDH radiation program at 651-201-4545. KI vouchers will be accepted at the following Target Pharmacies: Elk River Target 19146 Freeport St Elk River, MN 55330-1264 Hours: Mon.-Sat., 9 a.m.-9 p.m. Sun., 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Rogers SuperTarget 21615 S Diamond Lake Rd Rogers, MN 55374-8893 Hours: Mon.-Sat., 9 a.m.-9 p.m. Sun., 9 a.m.-6 p.m. Monticello SuperTarget (opening in March 2007) 1447 E 7th St Monticello, MN 55362 Hours: Mon.-Sat., 9 a.m.-9 p.m. Sun., 9 a.m.-6 p.m. Copyright 2006, Monticello Times ***************************************************************** 46 KRNV.com: Region: Officials Show Plans in Las Vegas For Mushroom Cloud Blast LAS VEGAS Turnout was light in Las Vegas for the first of a series of public forums about a proposed weapons test that federal officials say will generate a huge mushroom-shaped dust cloud at the Nevada Test Site. Forty people turned out last night for what looked like a trade show. Three people provided oral comments to a stenographer. Seven people provided written comments. They'll be added to comments already provided by e-mail on a draft environmental assessment of the "Divine Strake" blast, which has not been set for a specific date. Federal officials used a dozen display boards to show people the design, reasons and plans for exploding 700 tons of a fuel oil and fertilizer mixture over a tunnel at the Test Site, about 85 miles northwest of Las Vegas. Officials say the blast will provide crucial data on the kind of shock needed to destroy deeply buried or hardened targets. Opponents say it's a surrogate for a nuclear test. They're raising concerns about the blast kicking up radioactive debris from Cold-War era nuclear testing and casting it downwind toward Utah and beyond. Meetings will also be held tonight in Salt Lake City and tomorrow in Saint George, Utah. (Copyright 2007 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.) .gif"> All content © Copyright 2001 - 2007 WorldNow and KRNV ***************************************************************** 47 icWales: Radiation 'risk' transport ship condemned Jan 10 2007 Tryst Williams, Western Mail THE transport of plutonium off the Welsh coast was criticised by politicians last night as it emerged radioactive cargo was shipped through the Irish Sea on a former ferry. Safety fears over the use of the 20-year-old ship, Atlantic Osprey, on a journey between Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria and Cherbourg in France were raised by the Wales Nuclear Free Local Authority Forum (NFLA). With a route taking the ship past the Welsh coast, without using an armed escort vessel as would be used on similar voyages to Japan, the organisation claimed Welsh people were being treated as "second-class citizens". However the ship's owners, British Nuclear Group, have defended the shipment of the material from Sellafield to its ultimate Swiss destination, saying it conformed to rigid safety standards. The concerns over the shipment of radioactive MOX fuel, made on November 15, surfaced in an open letter to First Minister Rhodri Morgan from the chair of the Wales NFLA Forum, Newport councillor Glyn Jarvis. He said, "The Forum was very disturbed to learn that this shipment took place without any special security arrangements, such as an escort vessel, and was reliant on a 20-year-old single-engined and single-skinned former roll-on-roll-off ferry. "This is in contrast to other MOX shipments to Japan that take place with armed security escort and on purpose-built vessels, themselves armed, with twin engines and double-skinned hulls to provide greater protection in the event of incidents or accidents." He reiterated previous concerns raised by a coalition of councils across much of Europe's coastline. The group, known as KIMO - the Danish initials for the Local Authorities International Environment Organisation - has 128 local government members representing six million coastal inhabitants in 10 North European countries. The group's review of the Atlantic Osprey noted that the ship has already suffered an engine room fire on the Manchester Ship Canal, and expressed concerns over possible MOX fuel leaks in the event of a fire at sea. According to Mr Jarvis, other studies have challenged the ability of the ship to contain the radioactive fuel if it sinks in deep water. "We fear that either scenario could result in a serious radiological accident polluting the seas and coastal areas with very long-lived radioactive plutonium and uranium particles," he said. "The impact on economies dependent on tourism, agriculture and fisheries could be devastating. Whilst the risk may be small it is not tolerable when potential accident or incident consequences are potentially so great." Unlike oil tankers, which must have sturdier "double-hulls", ships that transport reprocessed used uranium fuel across Europe only need a single hull. NFLA members have urged the First Minister to call on Westminster ministers to ban the Atlantic Osprey from carrying future radioactive cargoes. Captain Malcolm Miller, head of international transport for British Nuclear Group, said, "Safety of the public is ensured by the very robust packages that contain the fuel, which are designed and tested to international (International Atomic Energy Agency) standards. "The ship, the Atlantic Osprey, also has a range of additional safety features over and above a normal cargo ship, including an additional watertight bulkhead, cargo fire protection and back-up electrical supplies." A British Nuclear Group spokesman added that when shipping MOX to Japan it made sense to transport more radioactive material, which meant invoking even more stringent safety standards. He said an "appropriately armed" response team was on board the Atlantic Osprey during voyages to European ports. It had made the journey from Barrow-in-Furness to mainland Europe three times. What is MOX fuel? Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel is made of a mixture of plutonium and uranium oxides. It can be used alongside uranium fuel in conventional nuclear reactors to make electricity. It is an energy- efficient fuel which allows the products of reprocessing used uranium fuel to be recycled. Reprocessing used uranium fuel recovers 97% of the original fuel, (96% uranium, 1% plutonium) removing the 3% waste. According to the British Nuclear Group, this allows new fuel to be produced without the need to mine fresh uranium. More than 1,500 tonnes of MOX fuel has been safely loaded into reactors around the world since 1963. icWales is a trade mark of Western Mail & Echo Limited. ***************************************************************** 48 Guardian Unlimited: Engineer Says Bomb Test Plan Incomplete From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday January 10, 2007 8:31 PM By KEN RITTER Associated Press Writer LAS VEGAS (AP) - An air-quality engineer says government plans for a huge non-nuclear blast at the Nevada Test Site failed to consider the possibility that the explosion will kick up fine radioactive dust and carry it hundreds of miles. A federal official agreed and said the engineer's objections will be included in a final environmental assessment. The proposed test would detonate 700 tons of a mixture of fuel oil and ammonium nitrate fertilizer, the same materials in the bomb that destroyed the federal building in Oklahoma City in 1995 and killed 168 people. It would generate the first mushroom cloud in decades at the Nevada Test Site. Critics said it would kick up radioactive dust left from Cold-War-era nuclear tests and allow it to drift downwind toward Las Vegas and Utah. Algirdas Leskys, a data analyst with the Clark County Department of Air Quality and Environmental Management, said Tuesday at a public forum on the proposed test that the draft environmental assessment didn't consider the likelihood that extremely small bits of dust - measuring 2.5 microns - would become airborne. A micron is one one-millionth of a meter. Leskys, who stressed that he was not acting in his official capacity, said dust that fine could settle as far away as Las Vegas or Utah. ``They could stay in the atmosphere for weeks, and settle hundreds of miles from here,'' he said. Michael Skougard, an official of the National Nuclear Security Administration, acknowledged that analysts looked at larger, 10-micron particles when they determined that a 10,000-foot cloud would dissipate within 13 miles. Skougard said Leskys' concerns will be included in a final report before officials decide whether to authorize the test. Officials say the blast would provide crucial data on the kind of shock needed to destroy deeply buried or hardened targets. However, the test has been postponed indefinitely by a lawsuit filed by Western Shoshone tribe members and by people living downwind in Utah and Nevada. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007 ***************************************************************** 49 Comments for licensing of the centrifuge public meeting Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 21:54:51 -0500 Date: Jan 9, 2007 I’m Vina Colley, President of PRESS (Portsmouth/Piketon Residents for Environmental Safety and Security). (Co -Chair National Nuclear Workers for Justice) NNWJ 740-353-2275 cell 740-357-8916 PRESS asks that you stop the licensing of the Centrifuge project because more time is needed to view the recently revealed problems with USEC and the site. We are deeply concerned that we could become the site for storing spent fuel rods from all over the country if this license is permitted. We believe that the license would be used to hold control of the site for the next 30 years while USEC’s subsidiary company transports in irradiated fuel to be dumped here for the long haul. We even question if the centrifuge proposal is for real or just a carrot that was dangled before us while the real dirty work of converting Piketon into a high-level nuclear waste dump was going on behind our backs. We don’t trust that USEC has even developed a usable centrifuge technology. If they have, why haven’t they shown it? We don’t trust that USEC is capable of financing the centrifuge facility they say they are proposing. If they were, why have they admitted that they don’t have the investors on board to get started? We don’t trust that the EIS has even dealt with the new revelations about USEC. That is, that they don’t have the technology, they don’t have the money for uranium enrichment, but they do now own a subsidiary that’s in the business of storing and transporting spent fuel rods. And there have been other traceable connections between USEC and this new plan to dump radioactive waste at Piketon. Too many of my neighbors and co-workers have already been killed by the cover-ups and the contamination at Piketon. The site is already a super fund sea of contamination and the clean-up is stalled. Allowing a High Level Nuclear Waste dump to slip in here under the guise of USEC’s license for a centrifuge plant, would be an enormous crime. Holding out the promise of good jobs to a deeply depressed community, while the real story is that there are no good jobs coming, well, that would also be an enormous crime. If the centrifuge is on the level, which we seriously doubt, then we are concerned because the high costs that the community will pay in tax abatements and other subsidies will not be balanced out with an equal return in the number of safe, livable-wage jobs for our community. Where, in your EIS have you dealt with the impact of granting a license to USEC while USEC is connected to the plans for storage of high-level radioactive waste dump at Piketon? How will the spent fuel rod dump impact the safety and health of the workers at the proposed centrifuge facility (that is if there really is a legitimate plan for a centrifuge facility)????? How does the public get to consider all these impacts put together? Again, we ask that you stop the licensing process at least until these urgent questions are answered to the benefit of the community. ***************************************************************** 50 Nevada Appeal: It's 2007, and time to give Yucca Mountain a brake Opinion January 10, 2007 by Abby Johnson For 30 years, the federal government has been forcing a nuclear waste repository on the state of Nevada. Nevada has pushed back against Congress, a succession of presidents and secretaries of energy, and the nuclear-power brokers. When the feds first eyed Nevada as a dumping ground for the nation's high-level nuclear waste and spent-nuclear fuel from power plants, Nevada's population was 621,975, and Gerald Ford was president. The Yucca Mountain site, at the western edge of the Nevada Test Site, was attractive because of its remote, dry isolation and proximity to land contaminated by radioactivity and already owned by the government. It would be an easy sell to the state that was a willing host for nuclear weapons testing. Nevada was powerless in Congress, it was thought, and easy to override. Then the feds began to study the site to determine if it was "safe." Over the years, the litmus test changed from "safe" to "suitable" to "able to be licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission." It's more than a word game: The understanding of what the repository would do and how it would contain the waste has shifted over time. It was assumed that a mountain in the desert would be, in the nuclear power industry's words "bone dry." But one of the biggest challenges to DOE has been how to handle the water that moves through the cracks, fissures and earthquake faults in the volcanic rock above the water table in Yucca Mountain, and how to handle the heat generated by the waste. Along the way, DOE realized that geology alone would not contain the waste. It is now depending on engineered barriers, including disposal containers made of experimental metals whose long-term resistance to corrosion is uncertain. The debate is not about whether the repository will leak radiation into the water table and atmosphere, it's about when - one hundred, five hundred or thousands of years into the future. In the past two years, the repository program has been slowed down by rule and design changes, and a vexing number of details. DOE has had problems preparing the body of information that must be available electronically for the licensing process, a prerequisite for applying for a license. There have been serious questions about whether some of the research meets quality-assurance requirements. Yucca Mountain isn't remote anymore. Now the population of Nevada is more than four times higher than in 1975 - pushing 2.6 million. Clark County alone has 1.8 million people, and Pahrump, down the road from Yucca Mountain, has a 9 percent annual growth rate. By the time the repository would be operational, optimistically projected at 2017, Nevada's population will be seven times greater than it was in 1975. Yucca Mountain hasn't changed, but Nevada has. The national political climate has also changed. While DOE's Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management is being directed by Ward Sproat, a dynamic outsider, Nevada's Sen. Harry Reid as majority leader is in a place to slow Congressional action and block fast-tracking of the repository. But even Reid, speaking to reporters after the November election, acknowledged that he can't stop Yucca, just slow it down. Expecting Congress to eliminate all funding for the project, the ultimate OFF switch, is not a realistic option. What stopped the ill-conceived Great Basin MX missile project 25 years ago was the president. In the next 12 months, Nevada is going to be in the spotlight as an early proving ground for presidential candidates. The Democratic Party's presidential caucus will be held in January 2008. Like New Hampshire and Iowa, voters and the media should have unprecedented access to meet the presidential hopefuls and quiz them about their Yucca stand. Republican candidates will also court Nevada as a possible swing state. The next president has the opportunity to smash the glass and pull the emergency brake to stop the costly and unsafe Yucca Mountain repository program. The new president can redirect efforts into research and development, support above ground storage at or near existing nuclear power plants as a safe interim measure, and flip the Yucca switch to OFF. The new year brings Nevadans the opportunity to get commitments from presidential hopefuls to bring the Yucca Mountain project to a long overdue and screeching halt. • Abby Johnson is a resident of Carson City, and a part-time resident of Baker. She consults on community development and nuclear waste issues. Her opinions are her own and do not necessarily reflect those of her clients. All contents © Copyright 2007 nevadaappeal.com Nevada Appeal - 580 Mallory Way - Carson City, NV 89701 ***************************************************************** 51 AP Wire: Officials say radioactive cleanup will be closely monitored 01/10/2007 | Associated Press BLOOMSBURG, Pa. - State environmental officials assured neighbors they will monitor closely for radioactive dust during demolition of seven contaminated buildings at the Safety Light Superfund cleanup site. "We're not going to let them do anything that will release radioactivity off site," said Jeff Whitehead, of the state Department of Environmental Protection. Safety Light used radioactive chemicals for decades in its manufacturing and continues to manufacture glow-in-the-dark exit signs, but is required by federal regulators to leave the property by the end of 2007. Demolition of the buildings, expected to cost up to $3 million, may start as early as fall and take six to eight weeks, said Mitch Cron, heading the cleanup for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Overall, the cleanup of contaminated buildings, soil and groundwater at the property will cost taxpayers up to $120 million over many years, said Cron. He said the EPA will host another public meeting to explain demolition plans once they are final. ***************************************************************** 52 AFP: New study doubts zircon ceramics for long-term nuclear waste - Wednesday January 10, 06:56 PM [Barrels containing high level radioactive nuclear waste are stored in a pool] PARIS (AFP) - Zircon ceramics, proposed as a solution for the headache of plutonium waste, would be swiftly degraded by radioactive bombardment, scientists have learnt. More than five decades after the first commercial nuclear reactor began generating power, waste stockpiles have reached the point where numerous countries are pushing ahead with multi-billion-dollar plans for long-term storage of this hazard. Their biggest problem is highly radioactive waste, especially plutonium, which has to be stored for tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands of years before it can be deemed safe. As plutonium decays, it emits alpha particles, which are high-energy particles that whack into the atoms that make up the container structure. The structure's neat atomic order is jostled, eventually compromising its strength. Synthetic zircon has emerged as a leading proposed contender for storing high-level waste, because zircon, as a crystal, is able to contain naturally-occurring uranium for millions of years. Scientists at the University of Cambridge in Britain used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a technique to assess the atomic structure of materials, to see how natural zircon coped with exposure to plutonium 239. They had expected each alpha particle to jostle between 1,000 and 2,000 zircon atoms, but the tests showed that in fact 5,000 were displaced. On this basis, a synthetic zircon container could start leaking radioactivity after only 1,400 years, they calculate. "This time is very short in terms of the ideal immobilisation of plutonium 239 for ... 241,000 years," say the authors, led by Ian Farnan of the university's Department of Earth Sciences. The paper appears on Thursday in Nature, the weekly British science journal. AFP ***************************************************************** 53 chillicothe gazette: Citizens divided on Piketon 30-year license By LORI McNELLY Gazette City Editor PIKETON -Opinions are divided along a few lines when it comes to the American Centrifuge's application for licensure. A public meeting Tuesday, conducted by the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board at the OSU South Centers-Endeavor Center aimed at gaining public comment was part of the last phase before the Nuclear Regulatory Commission considers a proposed 30-year license to USEC Inc.'s American Centrifuge. While many of the hundred or so who attended the meeting at the OSU South Centers-Endeavor Center said well-compensated manufacturing jobs were needed in the region, their neighbors said the environmental and health impact wasn't worth a 30-year agreement. John McCoy, of Chillicothe, works for the company doing cleanup of waste from decades of enrichment at the Piketon site. Eventually, he said, the cleanup will be finished and the work will be done. All the lower-paying jobs in the community supported by those cleanup jobs will suffer. "There will be no jobs in the future if the ACP doesn't exist," he said. "Those jobs not only represent the work force at the site, those pay, those benefits" affect services in the community. He said the environmental impact is minimal. Saudi Arabia stores its waste in the desert, while Russia sinks nuclear submarines in the Black Sea. "Let's not be buried in the past, let's look forward to the future," McCoy said. He drew upon images of the oil shortage of the 1970s and added nuclear fuel is a domestic energy source for the United States. Dan Minter's family farm is right across the road from the plant site, and he is the president of United Steelworkers Local 5-689, which represents workers at the plant. He is also vice chairman of Southern Ohio Diversification Initiative. He encouraged the approval of the license application. Minter said the safety issues should be addressed by Nuclear Regulatory Commission oversight, that those efforts would help insure workers safety and environmental health. "Having worked at an NRC-regulated facility since 1997, I have observed firsthand that safe and well-regulated organizations in turn develop efficient, productive and profitable operations. This must be the approach taken regarding this technology deployment," Minter said. "Both USEC and the union-represented work force must take ownership of, and responsibility for, ensuring that safety is the first goal at every stage of this important program and the other elements of success will follow." Vina Colley, president of Portsmouth/Piketon Residents for Environmental Safety and Security, is concerned the Piketon site could become a storage dump for spent fuel rods if the 30-year license is approved. "We believe that the license would be used to hold control of the site for the next 30 years while USEC's subsidiary company transports in irradiated fuel to be dumped here for the long haul," Colley said. PRESS also points to rising costs and questions whether USEC can fund the American Centrifuge project, and the viability of the centrifuge technology. "We don't trust that the (environmental impact statement) has even dealt with the new revelations about USEC. That is, that they don't have the technology, they don't have the money for uranium enrichment, but they do now own a subsidiary that's in the business of storing and transporting spent fuel rods," Colley said. (McNelly can be reached at 772-9366 or via e-mail at lmcnelly@nncogannett.com) ***************************************************************** 54 AU ABC: Miner committed to uranium prospect despite Govt policy. 10/01/2007. ABC News Online Mining company Thundelarra Exploration says it has not been deterred by the Western Australian Government's strong anti-uranium mining policy. The company is eager to exploit its East Kimberley Spinifex prospect, in the state's north, which contains high-grade uranium. The Spinifex project consists of two tenements covering 720 square kilometres just north of the Argyle diamond mine. The company's director of exploration, Brian Richardson, says the Government needs to reconsider its position on uranium mining. His comments come after federal Environment Minister Ian Campbell publicly called on the Carpenter Government to reconsider its position. Mr Richardson believes many environmentalists now support uranium mining. "From the greenies' point of view, uranium is now very well accepted by a lot of the senior greenie people out there, that it's good for the environment," he said. "From the people who want WA or Australia to continue to grow and prosper, ask them what they think about opening up additional mines in the state." But the Greens have lashed out at the suggestions uranium mining is being endorsed by environmentalists. WA Greens' Senator Rachel Siewert says uranium mining and nuclear power are not viable options for the future. Senator Siewert says mining groups are using climate change as an excuse to push the case for uranium mining. She is furious with Thundelarra Exploration suggestions that senior environmentalists accept uranium mining is good for the environment. "That's a load of nonsense. It is not accepted by the green movement and it is certainly not accepted by the Australian Greens," he said. "Uranium and nuclear power is not the fuel of the future. It does not seriously address the issue of climate change, renewable energies do." ***************************************************************** 55 Whitehaven News: Thorp given OK to re-start Published on 10/01/2007 The Health and Safety Executive announced today that it has granted consent for the re-start of the Thorp facility at the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant. HSE's Nuclear Installations Inspectorate is satisfied that the licensee, British Nuclear Group Sellafield Ltd, has done all the work necessary to ensure that Thorp can be re-started and operated safely. This work includes satisfactorily addressing the recommendations arising from NII's investigation of a leak of radioactive liquid inside a shielded facility within Thorp; clearing all BNGSL's own recommendations arising from that incident; and completing any plant modifications and safety case improvements necessary to ensure safety. The actual date for restart of reprocessing new fuel at Thorp is a matter for BNGSL. ***************************************************************** 56 CS Monitor OpEd: Mid East Nuclear Free Zone Proposal Date: Wed, 10 Jan 2007 04:04:37 EST X-Sender-Host-Name: imo-d05.mx.aol.com X-Spam-Class: HAM Christian Science Monitor from the January 10, 2007 edition - http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0110/p09s02-coop.html A Middle East free of nuclear weapons Such an agreement could not only head off an arms race, but might also help in addressing fundamental political issues as well. By Bennett Ramberg LOS ANGELES The recent announcement by the six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council to explore development of nuclear energy sent a shudder through the nonproliferation community. The concern? Like Iran, these countries - Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates - could some- day use the peaceful atom to mount a nuclear weapons program. As regional nuclear ambition - and apprehension - grows, it is none too soon to start thinking seriously about the merits of a bold, old idea: a Middle East nuclear weapons-free zone (MENFZ). Participating nations could use this agreement not only to head off a nuclear arms race, but to address more fundamental political issues as well. Former Iranian President Mohammad Khatami's advocacy for such a zone in his visit last year to the United States may have been a trial balloon or mere propaganda, but Arab states increasingly find the principle attractive. Given current concerns about Iran, it is not without irony that it initiated the first MENFZ proposal, albeit in the different era of the US-backed shah. Iran and Egypt cosponsored a resolution that appeared on the UN General Assembly agenda on Dec. 9, 1974. It invited all nations in the Middle East to reciprocally agree not to produce or acquire nuclear weapons. In the decades that followed, Cairo led the drumbeat for the MENFZ in the UN. Israel viewed it as an Arab ploy to embarrass the Jewish state. Initially, Jerusalem tried to use the initiative to garner Arab recognition. It asked its neighbors to sit down and negotiate. Arab states declined, arguing that Israel's political legitimacy had to be resolved first. In subsequent years, Jerusalem turned the tables. It said that denuclearization could not advance apart from the "peace process" and the end of the "active state of war." What would it take to initiate such a zone today? The MENFZ requires resolution of at least four critical issues: geography, prohibitions, verification, and enforcement. The zone would include the 22-nation Arab League plus Iran and Israel. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) would eliminate all nuclear weapons, weapons-usable material, and weapons technology. Libya's denuclearization provides a template. The MENFZ would not bar nuclear power or other peaceful atomic activities - including fuel production. However, a "joint" IAEA/host country team would bear managerial responsibility. Additional resident agency inspectors would oversee safety protocols while reserving the right to uncover all undeclared nuclear sites that they could terminate on proliferation grounds, or subject to safeguards. International inspectors also would safeguard dual-use technology. Violations, which the host country failed to promptly rectify, would result in meaningful sanctions - including military force if necessary - embodied in the zone treaty and endorsed by the UN Security Council. This would tether Tehran's nuclear ambition to a tripwire linked to material consequences. Under the MENFZ, Israel would bear the largest sacrifice - the surrender of its nuclear weapons capacity. In the 1950s, Prime Minister David Ben Gurion initiated the program to compensate for the fledgling state's fragile conventional forces and the unwillingness of the West to forge a military alliance. Today, a different military balance characterizes the Middle East. Israel is the dominant regional conventional military power. Nuclear proliferation will put this superiority at risk. Then there is the possibility of Middle East terrorist access to poorly secured weapons materials or bombs. Clearly, no Israeli nuclear deterrent will dissuade the suicidal nuclear terrorist. To be sure, the zone must include compensatory measures for Israel's nuclear disarmament. The solution: Israel's admission into NATO with a substantial alliance troop presence on Israeli soil, coupled to a separate US guarantee. Turkey provides precedent for non-European or North American membership in the alliance. NATO's involvement in Afghanistan marks the body's growing recognition that its vital security interests extend beyond the European theater. The risk that nuclear terror could hatch in the Middle East marks NATO's strategic interest to make the region nuclear-free. Placing Israel under America's strategic nuclear retaliatory umbrella would provide it with necessary reassurance. NATO membership would offer it multiple advantages. For the first time in its history, Israel would be linked to a family of nations dedicated to its survival, an ambition that goes back to its earliest years. This alliance and American reassurance would ease the way for Israel to make the territorial concessions with Palestinians and Syrians that might help bring peace. And, for Iran and other regional nuclear aspirants, a nuclear-free zone would eliminate the prospect of a preemptive conventional or nuclear attack by a Jewish state that believes its very existence is at stake. • Bennett Ramberg served in the State Department during President Geeorge H.W. Bush's administration. He is the author of three books on international security. www.csmonitor.com | Copyright © 2006 The Christian Science Monitor. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 57 AFP: A Middle East free of nuclear weapons Opinion A Middle East free of nuclear weapons By Bennett Ramberg Wed Jan 10, 3:00 AM ET LOS ANGELES - The recent announcement by the six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council to explore development of nuclear energy sent a shudder through the nonproliferation community. The concern? Like Iran " /> Iran, these countries - Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates - could some- day use the peaceful atom to mount a nuclear weapons program. As regional nuclear ambition - and apprehension - grows, it is none too soon to start thinking seriously about the merits of a bold, old idea: a Middle East nuclear weapons-free zone (MENFZ). Participating nations could use this agreement not only to head off a nuclear arms race, but to address more fundamental political issues as well. Former Iranian President Mohammad Khatami " /> Mohammad Khatami's advocacy for such a zone in his visit last year to the United States may have been a trial balloon or mere propaganda, but Arab states increasingly find the principle attractive. Given current concerns about Iran, it is not without irony that it initiated the first MENFZ proposal, albeit in the different era of the US-backed shah. Iran and Egypt cosponsored a resolution that appeared on the UN General Assembly agenda on Dec. 9, 1974. It invited all nations in the Middle East to reciprocally agree not to produce or acquire nuclear weapons. In the decades that followed, Cairo led the drumbeat for the MENFZ in the UN. Israel " /> Israelviewed it as an Arab ploy to embarrass the Jewish state. Initially, Jerusalem tried to use the initiative to garner Arab recognition. It asked its neighbors to sit down and negotiate. Arab states declined, arguing that Israel's political legitimacy had to be resolved first. In subsequent years, Jerusalem turned the tables. It said that denuclearization could not advance apart from the "peace process" and the end of the "active state of war." What would it take to initiate such a zone today? The MENFZ requires resolution of at least four critical issues: geography, prohibitions, verification, and enforcement. The zone would include the 22-nation Arab League plus Iran and Israel. The International Atomic Energy Agency " /> International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA) would eliminate all nuclear weapons, weapons-usable material, and weapons technology. Libya's denuclearization provides a template. The MENFZ would not bar nuclear power or other peaceful atomic activities - including fuel production. However, a "joint" IAEA/host country team would bear managerial responsibility. Additional resident agency inspectors would oversee safety protocols while reserving the right to uncover all undeclared nuclear sites that they could terminate on proliferation grounds, or subject to safeguards. International inspectors also would safeguard dual-use technology. Violations, which the host country failed to promptly rectify, would result in meaningful sanctions - including military force if necessary - embodied in the zone treaty and endorsed by the UN Security Council. This would tether Tehran's nuclear ambition to a tripwire linked to material consequences. Under the MENFZ, Israel would bear the largest sacrifice - the surrender of its nuclear weapons capacity. In the 1950s, Prime Minister David Ben Gurion initiated the program to compensate for the fledgling state's fragile conventional forces and the unwillingness of the West to forge a military alliance. Today, a different military balance characterizes the Middle East. Israel is the dominant regional conventional military power. Nuclear proliferation will put this superiority at risk. Then there is the possibility of Middle East terrorist access to poorly secured weapons materials or bombs. Clearly, no Israeli nuclear deterrent will dissuade the suicidal nuclear terrorist. To be sure, the zone must include compensatory measures for Israel's nuclear disarmament. The solution: Israel's admission into NATO " /> NATOwith a substantial alliance troop presence on Israeli soil, coupled to a separate US guarantee. Turkey provides precedent for non-European or North American membership in the alliance. NATO's involvement in Afghanistan " /> Afghanistanmarks the body's growing recognition that its vital security interests extend beyond the European theater. The risk that nuclear terror could hatch in the Middle East marks NATO's strategic interest to make the region nuclear-free. Placing Israel under America's strategic nuclear retaliatory umbrella would provide it with necessary reassurance. NATO membership would offer it multiple advantages. For the first time in its history, Israel would be linked to a family of nations dedicated to its survival, an ambition that goes back to its earliest years. This alliance and American reassurance would ease the way for Israel to make the territorial concessions with Palestinians and Syrians that might help bring peace. And, for Iran and other regional nuclear aspirants, a nuclear-free zone would eliminate the prospect of a preemptive conventional or nuclear attack by a Jewish state that believes its very existence is at stake. * Bennett Ramberg served in the State Department during President George H.W. Bush's administration. He is the author of three books on international security. ***************************************************************** 58 Aiken Today: SRS now can perform Homeland Security tests + AikenStandard.com Wed, Jan 10, 2007 By PHILIP LORD Senior writer A recent audit has given officials at the Savannah River Site the accreditation they need to be able to perform testing for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The audit by the National Institute of Science and Technology means DOE's Health Physics Instrument Calibration Laboratory has achieved National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) accreditation status for ionizing radiation. NVLAP is a U.S. Government entity that accredits testing and calibration laboratories found competent to perform specific tests or calibrations, said Washington Savannah River Site spokesperson Fran Poda. The lab's function at SRS is to test and calibrate instruments that measure levels of radioactivity. Every year, the lab calibrates thousands of SRS instruments in state-of-the-art facilities, Poda said. "This is an example of a team having a vision and working for it," says Phil Breidenbach, the WSRC manager responsible for Environment, Safety and Health. "They did their homework, knew what they had to do, and improved the process so that they could achieve this success. They deserve it and everyone involved should be very proud." In order to achieve national accreditation, the lab had to go through a rigorous quality and technical audit. The SRS lab is only the second in the DOE complex – the other being Pacific Northwest National Laboratory – to receive this accreditation. "We have some of the leading experts in the field of instrument calibration at SRS," says Jim Stafford, WSRC's manager of Radiological Protection Programs. "The NVLAP auditors recognized this expertise and were very complimentary of our preparation and response to the audit." The accreditation opens the door to opportunities for the facility to use its capabilities to help stop terrorists from smuggling radioactive material into our nation, Poda said. "What is needed is a place that can safely handle radioactive materials, knowledgeable people, and special capabilities to conduct the tests," says Breidenbach. "We have all three." Being able to do work for the Department of Homeland Security helps to diversify the types of work being done at SRS and the funding sources from which money is received. "Our facility calibrates radiological instruments," says Stafford. "Homeland Security has given out these types of instruments to fire departments and other agencies around the country. These are instruments that need to be calibrated, and we are capable of meeting that need." Contact Philip Lord at plord@aikenstandard.com © 2005 The AikenStandard. All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 59 DOE: United States-Japan Cooperation on Energy Security January 9, 2007 The United States and Japan enjoy strong energy cooperation through the International Energy Agency (IEA), the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Energy Working Group, the Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate (APP), and the International Energy Forum. Also, the two countries have energy technology cooperation that includes the International Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (I-NERI), the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project, the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF), and the International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy (IPHE). The United States and Japan are committed to strengthening the energy security of both countries as two major economic powers and energy consumers. Both sides recognize that improving energy efficiency and diversifying their energy mix - making wider use of clean and alternative energy, such as clean use of coal, nuclear energy and renewables, improving the investment climate in energy producing countries and engaging emerging economies are essential for ensuring the mutual energy security of the United States and Japan and addressing global climate change. Samuel W. Bodman, Secretary of Energy of the United States of America, and Akira Amari, Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan, therefore met in Washington on January 9, 2007, to review their current and prospective cooperative activities in the energy field. I. Diversifying Energy Mix Nuclear Power: The United States and Japan have significant, longstanding nuclear cooperation and recognize that continued cooperation in the nuclear energy area would contribute to energy security, nuclear nonproliferation and addressing global climate change. Both sides are committed to collaboration on the various aspects of the civilian nuclear fuel cycle. The United States and Japan will jointly develop a civil nuclear energy action plan that will provide a framework for collaboration. The plan will place focus on: (a) research and development activities under the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership initiative that will build upon the significant civilian nuclear energy technical cooperation already underway; (b) collaboration on policies and programs that support the construction of new nuclear power plants; and (c) regulatory and nonproliferation-related exchanges. The plan will be completed by April 2007. Clean Coal: With a common understanding that further promotion of research and development of clean coal technologies and their dissemination is an urgent task in addressing global environmental issues, both sides welcome the intention of the Japanese government to actively participate in the FutureGen Project, a United States-sponsored initiative to construct the worlds first emission-free coal fired electricity generation plant. Japan will make contributions in the forms of expertise, funding, and information exchange on carbon capture and sequestration technology. Both sides share the interest in accelerating the ongoing research, development and dissemination of clean coal technologies, such as Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) and Carbon Capture and Storage by promoting bilateral exchange of information between public and private sectors through the APP. Methane Hydrates: In addition to the ongoing cooperation among the United States and Japanese researchers, both sides will continue their information exchange on methane hydrates. Given the complicated variability associated with methane hydrate R&D, enhanced cooperation specifically in the areas of production testing and detection will substantially accelerate the feasibility of commercial methane hydrate production. Renewable Energy: Renewable energy is among the key alternatives to traditional fossil fuels. International cooperation to accelerate the use of renewable energy is already underway, for example, in the IEA, APEC, and the APP. The United States and Japan recognize the great potential of renewables and have made significant strides in deployment of these technologies, as evidenced by Japans investment in grid-connected solar photovoltaics and the increase in U.S. production of biofuels. In the area of biofuels, production from cellulosic feedstocks presents significant opportunities for limiting oil use and carbon emissions but requires further R&D efforts before becoming cost-competitive. The United States and Japan may therefore explore ways to enhance exchange of information on the technology for production of biofuels from such cellulosic feedstocks. II. Improving Energy Efficiency: Both sides recognize that energy conservation and efficiency provide many of the most cost-effective ways to enhance energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. With the view to improving the efficiency of energy use, the United States and Japan will enhance the exchange of information on good practices in both public and private sectors. Both sides also recognize that the APP and the collaborative efforts it has catalyzed between the government and business community provide a successful example of technology-focused, public-private partnership, and encourage its greater political momentum. Accordingly, both sides will continue to support the APP activities. The United States and Japan support efforts by the IEA in developing energy efficiency indicators and compiling best practices, which will provide useful inputs to the APP. III. Improving Investment Climate in Energy Producing Countries: The United States and Japan share concerns about impediments in energy producing countries to the significant new investment needed to meet world wide growing energy demand. Both sides will therefore continue to encourage energy producing countries to improve their investment climate in the ways that were endorsed by the G8 Leaders in the St. Petersburg Plan of Action on Global Energy Security. Specifically, the United States and Japan will endeavor to enhance understanding that foreign investments in upstream sectors are beneficial for energy producing and consuming countries alike; to encourage transparent, equitable, stable and effective legal and regulatory frameworks; and to emphasize the obligation of all countries to uphold the sanctity of contracts. IV. Engaging Emerging Economies: Both sides recognize that the engagement of emerging economies, particularly China and India, is crucial for ensuring global energy security. Integrating these growing energy consumers into the global energy market and promoting responsible market-based policies and energy use will be a priority for both countries. Both sides therefore agree to strengthen their cooperation with China and India with particular focus on energy efficiency and emergency preparedness. The Five-Country Energy Ministers meeting in December 2006 (in which ministers from China, India, Japan, Korea and the United States participated) was a good example of coordinated engagement efforts by the United States and Japan. Both sides also agree to ensure close cooperation and coordination in working with China and India through their respective bilateral dialogue with these countries and multilateral fora including APEC, the IEA, and the APP. Recognizing that there is substantial potential for improving energy efficiency in China and India, both sides agree to strengthen their cooperation for institutional and capacity building in this area and to encourage market-based pricing in these countries as a prerequisite for energy conservation and efficiency and investment in conventional and alternative energies. Noting the efforts by China and India to build the strategic oil reserves and recognizing that internationally coordinated emergency response will substantially enhance their effectiveness, both sides will continue to encourage China and India to align with the IEA in such emergency response measures as a stock draw-down and demand restraint at the time of any supply disruption. The cooperative activities highlighted above reflect the breadth of challenges that the United States and Japan share in enhancing energy security. The two countries also have a great deal of expertise to offer in a range of energy technology fields. Through the commitment to facilitating cooperation in the areas of energy security and technology options, both sides further strengthen the ongoing efforts to enhance energy security, the environment and sustainable economic development in the world. Media contact(s): Craig Stevens, 202-586-4940 [ ] U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 ***************************************************************** 60 DOE: Department of Energy Releases Global Nuclear Energy Partnership Strategic Plan January 10, 2007 WASHINGTON, DC  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy Dennis Spurgeon today released the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) Strategic Plan, which details the Initiatives purpose, principles and implementation strategy. The Plan outlines a path forward to enable worldwide increase in the use of safe, emissions-free nuclear energy without contributing to the spread of nuclear weapons capabilities in a manner that responsibly addresses the waste produced. For the United States, GNEP is good policy; for industry, it could be very good business, Assistant Secretary Spurgeon said. Releasing GNEPs Strategic Plan demonstrates the seriousness DOE places on this Initiative as well as the seriousness of our nations need to incorporate safe, emissions-free nuclear power into our nations energy mix. While DOE labs and research facilities host some of the best scientists, the GNEP Strategic Plan gives researchers, experts and industry the opportunity to examine and understand our vision. The Strategic Plan is a guiding document, one that can be modified if the U.S. Government, our international partners and industry deem it appropriate. It lays out DOEs plan to prepare for construction and operation of a nuclear fuel recycling center and an advanced recycling reactor, and for continuing an aggressive research and development program focused on advanced fuel cycle technology. The Plan also specifies criteria necessary to consider in order to safely and successfully implement the goals of GNEP. The Strategic Plan provides a framework for the U.S. to: 1. Expand nuclear power to meet growing energy demand; 2. Develop, demonstrate, and deploy advanced technologies for recycling spent nuclear fuel without separating plutonium; 3. Develop, demonstrate, and deploy advance reactors that consume transuranics; 4. Establish reliable fuel services worldwide; 5. Develop, demonstrate, and deploy proliferation resistant reactors appropriate to power grids and; 6. Develop enhanced safeguards to ensure nuclear energy systems are used for peaceful purposes. This Plan identifies the technology, economic and environmental information necessary to present a convincing case to the Secretary of Energy for his decision on a path forward regarding the design and construction of recycling facilities in support of GNEP. GNEP is a part of President Bush's Advanced Energy Initiative, which seeks to reduce our reliance in imported oil by changing the way we power our cars, homes and business. For more information on GNEP, visit: http://www.gnep.gov/. GNEP Strategic Plan  Jan 2007 Media contact(s): Craig Stevens, (202) 586-4940 [ ] U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 ***************************************************************** 61 DenverPost.com: 3 Colo. lawmakers want delay in Flats decision By The Denver Post StaffArticle Last Updated: 01/09/2007 10:50:14 PM MST WASHINGTON, D.C. - Three members of Colorado's congressional delegation have asked a federal panel to delay making a decision on granting compensation to some Rocky Flats workers, citing concerns that the approval process is flawed. Sen. Ken Salazar and Reps. Mark Udall and Ed Perlmutter, all Colorado Democrats, are urging the federal Radiation Advisory Board to take more time to consider a petition filed by United Steelworkers Local 8031. If approved, the petition would grant compensation for workers who were exposed to radiation and have certain types of cancers. The delegation complained that the Bush administration has stacked the advisory board with petition opponents and that records supporting worker claims are "grossly incomplete and unreliable." "Although we - and the Rocky Flats workers and their families - are anxious to reach a conclusion to this drawn-out administrative process, it would be wrong to rush to judgment under certain circumstances," the officials wrote. The board is scheduled to discuss the petition at its February meeting in Denver. All contents Copyright 2007 The Denver Post or other copyright ***************************************************************** 62 Knox News: Y-12's big rehab tests commitment to safety By FRANK MUNGER, munger@knews.com January 10, 2007 Much talk at the Y-12 nuclear weapons plant focuses on the Oak Ridge plant's modernization program, including plans for the $1 billion Uranium Processing Facility. UPF would replace Y-12's main production center, known as the 9212 complex, and would enhance capabilities for producing uranium parts for nuclear bombs. The new facility, however, is still in its early stages of development, awaiting design approvals and big bucks from Congress, and it's not expected to become operable until at least 2015 and probably later. That's why the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board continues to raise safety issues about 9212. If construction plans for UPF get delayed or nixed in Washington, D.C., the lifetime of 9212 would likely be extended and those safety issues - including long-standing seismic concerns - would become even more important. The National Nuclear Security Administration, the federal overseer of Y-12, hasn't been very open in discussing the deficiencies at 9212 or the potential problems should UPF be delayed. Most information has come from the safety board's reports, which are released publicly after being screened for classified info. There are two big-time reviews under way, and both relate to safety issues at 9212, where weapons-grade uranium is processed. According to one safety board report, it may be necessary to shut down the facility for a couple of months to accomplish the safety-related improvements. Steven Wyatt, a federal spokesman at Y-12, said there is no direct correlation between the two reports, identified as the Facility Risk Review and the Documented Safety Analysis. The risk review is looking at longer-term investments that may be required to operate 9212 safely over the next 15 years, he said. "These documents are intended to analyze the risk of nuclear facility operations, to identify controls to ensure risk is minimized and to ensure that the nuclear facility operates within the risk accepted by NNSA," Wyatt said. He said the plant's managing contractor, BWXT, does not plan to suspend operations at 9212 for the near term, but it may be necessary in the future. There are continuing negotiations on these issues. The NNSA apparently is reluctant to invest millions of dollars in a production facility that is slated for closure. On the other hand, the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board is worried that, if those improvements are postponed and then the schedule for the new UPF gets delayed, it may be too late to deal with the 9212 problems in a reasonable way. Under a worst-case scenario, the government could be faced with this choice: operate a key facility under less-than-desirable safety conditions or shut it down and perhaps miss production milestones that relate to national security. Oak Ridge National Laboratory personnel participated in a December project that relocated about 590 pounds of weapons-usable uranium from a former East German nuclear facility to a secure storage facility in Russia. The five-day operation took place at the Rossendorf nuclear facility near Dresden. ORNL's nonproliferation group has been an integral part of the Bush administration's Global Threat Reduction Initiative, which reportedly has conducted 15 different missions that returned Soviet-origin nuclear material to Russia from vulnerable sites. The latest project was the biggest haul to date. There is still no award from DOE on an information technology contract valued at $125 million. The Oak Ridge contract has been in process for a couple of years, much to the chagrin of many, and the last report indicated the decision had been sent to the Small Business Administration for review. DOE spokesman John Shewairy said the SBA in November asked DOE for more information, but other than that, he said he had nothing to add. "I have no idea what the timeline is, sad to say," Shewairy said. Senior writer Frank Munger covers the Department of Energy for the News Sentinel. He may be reached at 865-342-6329 or at munger@knews.com. This column is also available in the opinion section of knoxnews.com. © 2007 - Knoxville News Sentinel ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************