***************************************************************** 12/18/06 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 14.298 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 Guardian Unlimited: If it is broke, don't fix it 2 [NukeNet] Iran Offers To Transfer Nuke Tech To Gulf States, 3 Guardian Unlimited: Bush accused of gagging critic of Iran policy 4 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: No state has right to sanction IRI 5 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: Nuclear case is closed - President 6 AFP: US sees UN sanctions against Iran voted within days 7 AFP: Rice, Lavrov try to overcome hurdle to Iran sanctions - 8 AFP: Iran within four years of nuclear bomb: Israel spy chief - 9 Guardian Unlimited: U.S. - Iran Makes Headway on Nuke Weapons 10 UPI: Iran claims to have 1,400 uranium mines 11 [NYTr] US Warns N.Korea that Sanctions May Replace Diplomacy 12 AFP: NKorea should spend money on food not nukes - UN rights envoy - 13 Guardian Unlimited: North Korea Insists on Nuclear Status 14 Guardian Unlimited: North Korea Wants U.N. Sanctions Lifted 15 HS: Finns provided intelligence to U.S. nuclear interests during Col 16 BBC: Bush signs US-India nuclear bill 17 US: FedCast: Government fails 10th consecutive audit 18 CANOE: CNEWS: Environmental groups accuse nuclear association of fal NUCLEAR REACTORS 19 US: [NukeNet] Radioactive isotope found near Oyster Creek nuclear 20 [NukeNet] US Nuclear Tech Suppliers Swarm India 21 RIA Novosti: Moscow research facility shuts down six of 12 nuclear r 22 US: Daily Item: Sirens mistakenly sound at nuclear power plant 23 AFP: Westinghouse deal kicks off Chinese nuclear energy drive - 24 US: NRC: Notice of Opportunity To Comment on Model Safety Evaluation 25 US: NRC: Notice of Environmental Assessment Related to the Issuance 26 Mos News: Moscow Researchers Shut Down Six of Twelve Nuclear Reactor 27 Mos News: Russia Loses Multibillion Chinese NPP Tender to U.S. Firm 28 Guardian Unlimited: Bush Signs Nuclear Deal With India 29 AFP: Bush set to sign controversial nuclear deal with India - 30 US: AFP: Bush signs US-India pact, hails ties 31 UPI: United States, China agree on reactor sale 32 Guardian Unlimited: Key Provisions of India Nuclear Deal NUCLEAR SECURITY 33 RIA Novosti: Germany returns shipment of enriched uranium to Russia NUCLEAR SAFETY 34 [NukeNet] U.S. To Ship Tons of Uranium Across Globe for Nuke 35 Litvinenko 'killed over dossier' on senior Putin ally 36 US: Too much radiation in child CT scans 37 BBC: Germany sends uranium to Russia 38 Prague Daily Monitor: Radioactivity level of Nalzovice waste not ala 39 Radio New Zealand: Nuclear Claims Tribunal awards compensation to Ma NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 40 [NukeNet] Yucca Mtn - Balance may shift for waste to stay put 41 US: IRNA: Iran has 1,400 uranium mines - AEOI official - 42 Nevada Appeal: DOE held no Yucca rail line meetings in Lyon County 43 Nevada Appeal: Rail line to Yucca divides small towns 44 US: Pahrump Valley Times: Tech Review Board to meet in Las Vegas 45 SLO Trib: Question for Democrats: Will Sin City and Yucca Mtn. set c 46 Xinhua: Russia to launch int'l uranium enrichment center in January 47 ITAR-TASS: Rosatom brings back over 300 kg of fuel from Germany’s re 48 US: Paducah Sun: 6 more dump sites reported to DOE - 49 US: AU ABC: New aerial survey system seeks out uranium deposits. 50 AU ABC: Nuclear material transported out of Sydney 51 UPI: Enriched uranium returned to Russia 52 US: Bangor Daily News: Viewpoints: Don't change course on nuclear wa 53 Guardian Unlimited: Will Nev. Set the Course for 2008 Pick? PEACE US DEPT. OF ENERGY 54 Pahrump Valley Times: Homestead Road signal could be a year away 55 AP Wire: DOE completes transfer of uranium hexafluoride to Ohio 56 Knox News: DOE removal project done early 57 DOE: U.S.-Chinese Agreement Provides Path to Further Expansion of 58 KnoxNews: Nuke news brightens outlook at container company 59 Radio Iowa: Search on for former Ames Lab employees ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Guardian Unlimited: If it is broke, don't fix it Comment is free: [Robert Fox] Only the Bush White House and its Pentagon planners believe Iraq is a war still be won. When will the reality dawn on them? December 18, 2006 06:05 PM | "Denial," Bill Clinton once remarked, "ain't just a river in Egypt." Go tell that to the Dubya White House and Tony Blair, now on his very own shuttle diplomacy of the Middle East - a project so clunky it could have been designed by Lego. Having confined the Baker-Hamilton Iraq Study Group report to the municipal shredder, the Bush administration is about to adopt a radical new operational plan to commit an extra 50,000 of US forces to Iraq and to extend the tours of service there to 15 months. The plan has been devised by a panel at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), high temple of the neo-con movement, and by Frederick W Kagan. "Victory is still an option in Iraq," he writes. "America is a country of 300 million people with a GDP of $12 trillion, more than 1 million soldiers and marines can regain control of Iraq, a state the size of California with a population of 25 million and a GDP of under $100bn." one of the AEI's cheerleaders, Fred Barnes of the Weekly Standard, Bush has already decided to adopt the plan. When the commander-in-chief was urged by a chum at his recent Christmas soirée at the White House, "Don't let the bastards get you down," according to Barnes, he replied, "Don't worry, I'm not." When the courtier interjected, "I think we can win in Iraq," he got the immediate reply: "We're going to win." Tony Blair didn't quite use the same phraseology when he addressed British troops outside Basra . But he echoed the Bush sentiment by declaring that British soldiers would remain In Iraq "until the job is done". The recent statement to parliament by Margaret Beckett that the bulk of British troops would be out next year now seems, like the ISG report, to have gone shredder-wards. The AEI plan drawn up by Frederick Kagan and the former deputy head of the US army, General Jack Keane, envisages increasing the current US force of around 150,000 by about 50,000. Next summer, they will mount an operation "to clean out" Ramadi and Baghdad of Sunni insurgents and the Shia militias now running death squads in large parts of the capital. The plan rejects the Baker-Hamilton plan of pulling back US troops, increasing training to the Iraqi army and police, and engaging neighbours like Syria and Iran in negotiation. "We must change our focus from training to securing the rising violence. Securing the population has never been the primary mission of the US military effort in Iraq, and now it must become the first priority." "This misses the whole point," a British commander with wide experience of Iraq remarked. "They don't seem to get it - it's not a question of saving the ordinary population from the insurgents and the militias: the ordinary population are the insurgents and militias." The new plan says that the "surge" of extra US troops will allow at least 11 brigades to be moved in to Baghdad by the summer for "clear and hold operations", quarter by quarter. Having arrived, they will then stay for an unspecified period. This will mean tours will have to be extended - ominously, the summary suggests that "the (US) ground forces must accept longer tours for several years. National Guard units will have to accept increased deployments during this period." The idea of any sustained increase was dismissed in a rare public appearance this weekend by the former secretary of state and head of the armed forces, Colin Powell. In words strangely of his British colleague General Sir Richard Dannatt two months ago, he : "There really are no additional troops," and added that the US army "is about broken". Other former commanders have pointed out that the cost in extra logistics of a surge of only 30,000 extra troops would be prohibitive, and, at the very most, could be managed for only two or three months. Powell said it would be "a surge you would have to pay for later". Britain already seems to be paying for the extra strain on its armed forces in Iraq and Afghanistan. Tony Blair is trying to keep a small division and a large brigade in the field in guerrilla wars in both countries - on a flat defence budget. Afghanistan and Iraq are currently costing around £1,410m a year. At the same time, the government wants to go ahead with new aircraft carriers and aircraft, costing at least £12bn, new land systems at least £9bn, and hugely costly submarine, Eurofighter and Nimrod programmes. And now it wants to order replacement for the strategic nuclear weapon, Trident, at an estimate of around £25bn - though the through-life cost is likely to be much nearer the of £76bn. Something has to give in all this, and it is likely to be training and welfare of the troops. The services are so short of transport aircraft that most parachute training has been cancelled - so 16 Air Assault Brigade should be renamed 16 Grounded Brigade. Tours are becoming more frequent, and veterans who have served five times in Iraq and/or Afghanistan since 2001 are becoming a common species in the forces. The real problem, according to the progressive strategic planners in both the US and UK forces, is that the leaders of both countries still believe they can win "kinetically" - that is, by the sheer brute force of arms. "They don't understand the people we're now amongst, and how to connect with them," says a British commander. Tell that in Downing Street and on Pennsylvania Avenue. The problem with the state of denial of Bush and his neo-con clique of the American Enterprise Institute is that they are about to breach the cardinal military maxim: don't reinforce failure. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006. Registered in England and Wales. No. 908396 Registered office: 164 Deansgate, Manchester M60 2RR ***************************************************************** 2 [NukeNet] Iran Offers To Transfer Nuke Tech To Gulf States, Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2006 15:00:47 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (borg.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) Mothersalert: http://www.mothersalert.org http://www.mothersalert.org/moreinfo.html 1. Iran Offers to Transfer Nuke Technology 2. U.S. Firm to Build China Nuke Reactors 3. Westinghouse Wins Massive China Nuclear Deal Please notice below the insanity of : >Unlike Iran, the United States said it had no problem with Gulf Arab states developing nuclear energy >capability because they show no interest in using the technology to build atomic weapons. Assuming this is true this is such a short sighted view of what the future may bring, whom these countries, in turn, may transfer their nuke tech to and the fact that nuclear power is extraordinarily dangerous from an environmental, health, genetic, economic and mental health [or lack thereof] perspective. 1. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/world/AP-Iran-Nuclear.html Iran Offers to Transfer Nuke Technology a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: December 16, 2006 Filed at 6:25 p.m. ET TEHRAN, Iran (AP) -- President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said Saturday his country was ready to transfer nuclear technology to neighboring countries, nearly a week after Arab states on the Persian Gulf announced plans to consider a joint nuclear program. Ahmadinejad told a top Kuwaiti envoy he welcomed the decision by the Islamic republic's Arab Gulf neighbors to pursue peaceful nuclear technology, state-run television said. ''The Islamic Republic of Iran is prepared to transfer to regional states its valuable experience and achievements in the field of peaceful nuclear technology as a clean energy source and as a replacement for oil,'' state media quoted Ahmadinejad as telling Mohammed Zefollah Shirar, a top adviser to the Kuwaiti emir. Such a technological transfer would be legal as long as it is between signatory states to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, or NPT, and as long as the International Atomic Energy Agency that monitors the treaty is informed of the transfer. Iran is at odds with the United States and its European allies over its nuclear program. The Western powers are seeking a U.N. Security Council resolution imposing sanctions on Iran for its program, which the U.S. and Europe say is aimed at producing nuclear weapons. Iran insists its nuclear program is solely for the peaceful production of nuclear energy. In Washington, Edgar Vasquez, a State Department spokesman, told The Associated Press on Saturday that Iran's continued defiance of international nuclear safeguards represents ''a serious threat'' to maintaining peace and stability in the region. ''We expect Iran to comply with international obligations under the NPT and its safeguards agreement with the IAEA,'' Vasquez said. ''Iran's noncompliance up to this point is a serious threat, which we continue to work with our international partners and the international community in the U.N. Security Council to remedy.'' Unlike Iran, the United States said it had no problem with Gulf Arab states developing nuclear energy capability because they show no interest in using the technology to build atomic weapons. The Gulf Corporation Council -- made up of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman -- said last week it was commissioning a study on setting up a nuclear energy program for peaceful purposes, which would abide by international standards and laws. Britain's U.N. Ambassador Emyr Jones Parry said Friday that a deal was emerging on a resolution to impose sanctions on Iran for refusing to suspend uranium enrichment. Ambassadors from six key nations drafting the resolution -- Britain, France, Germany, the U.S., Russia and China -- reported some progress at the latest round of talks. But Russia said it opposes a U.S. and European proposal to ban travel against top Iranian officials. Ahmadinejad has repeatedly and defiantly said his country would continue enrichment and is not intimidated by the possibility of sanctions. ------ Associated Press writers John Heilprin in Washington and Edith M. Lederer at the United Nations contributed to this report. 2. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/business/AP-China-Energy-Westinghouse.html?_r=1&oref=slogin U.S. Firm to Build China Nuke Reactors a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: December 16, 2006 Filed at 4:59 a.m. ET BEIJING (AP) -- China and the United States on Saturday signed an agreement that paves the way for Westinghouse Electric Co. to build four civilian nuclear reactors in China, a multibillion dollar coup for U.S. business over French and Russian competitors. A memorandum of understanding supporting the transfer of nuclear technology to China was signed by China's Minister for the National Development and Reform Commission Ma Kai and U.S. Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman. ''This is an exciting day for the U.S. nuclear industry,'' Bodman said at the ceremony. ''It is an example that if we work together we can advance not only our trade relations but also our common goal of energy security.'' The agreement capped several days of top-level trade talks between China and the U.S. that otherwise yielded few concrete results. It was signed on the sidelines of a closed-door meeting of five major oil importing nations hosted by China. Stephen Tritch, Westinghouse's president and CEO, said the details of the contract to build facilities at Sanmen, in the eastern province of Zhejiang, and at Yangjiang in southern China's Guangdong province have yet to be completed but that it was a multibillion dollar deal. He said the company want the plants up and running by 2013. The agreement, negotiated late into the night Friday, makes Westinghouse's AP1000 -- which relies on gravity rather than mechanical pumps to carry water to a reactor in an emergency -- China's choice for developing its own nuclear industry. Westinghouse, U.S. engineering and construction services contractor Shaw Group Inc. -- which holds a 20 percent stake in Westinghouse -- and China's State Nuclear Power Technology Co. signed a companion agreement to follow through with negotiations on specific terms for the technology transfer. According to a statement issued by the Chinese side, French nuclear group AREVA was their second choice, and a competing bid by Russia's AtomStroyExport was apparently rejected. Both U.S. and French politicians had lobbied hard for the deal. The Chinese side said it chose Westinghouse based on its technology, its agreement on transferring expertise, the style of cooperation and the prospects for developing locally based technology. The agreement ''pushes mankind into a new level of nuclear technology development,'' said Ma, China's planning minister. ''This project will certainly play a very important role in enhancing the cooperative partnership between China and the U.S.'' Bodman said the agreement was reached after a meeting with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and President Hu Jintao. ''I think they have superior technology,'' Bodman said after the agreement was signed. ''It will allow production of electricity in an efficient, safe fashion,'' he said. The deal in China will create more than 5,000 jobs in the U.S., Bodman said, helping to redress the mammoth U.S. trade deficit which is on line to exceed last year's record US$202 billion. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania-based Westinghouse, which was acquired earlier this year by Japan's Toshiba Corp., is banking on its AP1000 technology to help lead an atomic-energy renaissance in the U.S. and the rest of the world. The system, according to Westinghouse, uses much less cable, piping, valves and pumps than the previous generation of reactors, cutting costs and eliminating the need for huge cooling towers, redundant pumps and backup diesel generators. ''There is going to be some benefit on both sides,'' Tricht said. ''As we take this technology forward in China we believe it will also help accelerate the efforts for the United States market as well.'' China is building scores of new nuclear power plants, seeking the latest technology from industry leaders while working to shore up its own expertise. Asia offers the promise of a bonanza for American companies such as Westinghouse and General Electric Co. which already have a strong presence in the region. Westinghouse has helped build 14 nuclear plants in South Korea and provided technology for almost half of Japan's 55 nuclear units. GE, meanwhile, has helped build 36 reactors in Japan, India and Taiwan. Eighteen reactors -- about 70 percent of the world's total under construction -- are going up in Asia, and another 77 are planned or proposed, according to the Nuclear Energy Institute, an industry advocacy group based in Washington, D.C. 3. http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/business/business-china-nuclear-westinghouse.html Westinghouse Wins Massive China Nuclear Deal a.. Sign In to E-Mail or Save This b.. Print By REUTERS Published: December 16, 2006 Filed at 5:24 a.m. ET Skip to next paragraph BEIJING ( Reuters) - U.S.-based Westinghouse Electric Co. has won a two-year battle for a multibillion-dollar nuclear power deal with China, edging out French and Russian rivals to secure a contract that may help Beijing smooth ties with Washington. The deal, estimated in the past at some $8 billion, should warm relations between the world's top two energy consumers, who have clashed lately over a range of issues from the yuan currency to the Chinese bid for U.S. independent oil firm Unocal. It will also reaffirm China -- now a laggard in the nuclear sector -- at the forefront of a global trend toward increased use of atomic power, touted by many nations as the cleanest, cheapest solution to the world's strained energy industry. ``(The agreement) represents a major step forward in our relations and will advance our bilateral trade relationship and the energy security of both our nations,'' U.S. Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman said in a statement after signing the memorandum with Ma Kai, the chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), China's powerful energy policymaking body. He said it would help the U.S. balance of payments and create more than 5,500 U.S. jobs. The United States had a record $202 billion trade deficit with China last year. Westinghouse, based in Pittsburgh but now owned by Japan's Toshiba Corp., had been pressing to win tenders to build China's third generation of nuclear power plants since 2004, and offered a significant technology transfer to secure it. Other suitors included France's Areva, with French President Jacques Chirac lobbying Beijing on an October visit, and Russia's Atomstroiexport. China said it chose Westinghouse partly because of technology transfer and issues of self-reliance and localisation of technology, it said in a statement. But given Toshiba's presence, the deal may have also been eased by a thaw in ties with Japan after Shinzo Abe took over as Prime Minister earlier this year promising to patch up a relationship that had sunk to its worst in decades. Analysts say China hopes to use the deal, which came after a two-day visit to Beijing by the U.S.'s top economic policy-makers and amid fears of a surge in protectionist sentiment, to soothe more than just energy ties. ``This is all relationship driven,'' said David Hurd, energy analyst at Deutsche Bank in Beijing. ``The U.S. is putting pressure on China at the moment so China's response is 'let's throw them a bone','' he added. WORKING BY 2013 Stephen Tritch, Westinghouse Electric Co. President and CEO, said the four plant deal was a multi-billion dollar one, but gave no specifics. Past estimates put the deal at $8 billion. The two sides aim to move from the memorandum of understanding signed on Saturday to a framework agreement and then draw up a contract within several months. The 1.1 gigawatt plants will use Westinghouse's advanced AP1000 design, which was only fully certified by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission last year. In an undated brief on its Web site, Westinghouse estimates capital costs for the reactor at less than $1,200 per kilowatt, which would take the total expenditure to about $5.3 billion. Tritch said the company, which says its technology is the basis of nearly half the world's operating nuclear plans, wants the units up and running by 2013. The company's Web site says the AP1000 plants take about three years to build. China, the world's second-largest energy consumer, is working fast to make up for its weakness in the nuclear sector, which generates only about 2.3 percent of its electricity compared with three-quarters in France or more than a quarter in Japan. Beijing plans to spend some 400 billion yuan ($50 billion) on building around 30 new nuclear reactors by 2020, lifting the share to 4 percent and raising its installed nuclear capacity to 40 gigawatts -- nearly enough to power Spain. It currently has only nine working reactors. ATOMIC RENAISSANCE The deal may give a fillip to the global nuclear industry, now emerging from decades of malaise due to safety concerns. ``It is my hope that this very serious commitment by the Chinese government will help persuade the nuclear power industry in the U.S. that now is the time to commit to building new nuclear power plants in our country to expand our own sources of clean, emissions-free electric power and further diversify our energy portfolio,'' Bodman said. In a report last month responding to G8 calls for an energy blueprint, the International Energy Agency said nuclear power offered the best hope for slowing climate change and increasing energy security, its strongest ever backing of atomic energy. With an estimated $20 trillion of investment in new energy supplies required to meet demand by 2030, nuclear power is an increasingly attractive option for governments confronted with an increasing dependence on costlier, imported oil or natural gas, and those trying to halt global warming by cutting back on coal. Nuclear plants generated just 15 percent of the world's electricity last year, the rest produced mainly from gas or coal. More Articles in Business » _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://mail.energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 3 Guardian Unlimited: Bush accused of gagging critic of Iran policy Suzanne Goldenberg in Washington Monday December 18, 2006 The Guardian The White House yesterday faced fresh accusations of tailoring intelligence to suit its political viewpoint from a former CIA analyst barred from publishing a critical newspaper commentary on American policy towards Iran. Flynt Leverett, a former Middle East analyst at the CIA and the National Security Council who has criticised the Bush administration for going to war with Iraq and for its handling of Iran, accuses the White House of pressing the CIA to demand sweeping cuts to an opinion piece he wrote for the New York Times on Washington's policy towards Tehran. Mr Leverett, who now works at the New America Foundation, a thinktank in Washington, is the latest in a series of analysts and agents to accuse the CIA publication review board of stifling criticism of the administration or the intelligence-gathering operations in the run-up to the war in Iraq. However, Mr Leverett goes a step further in accusing the White House of putting pressure on the CIA to prevent the distribution of views which do not conform to its policy of refusing any diplomatic discussions with Iran. His 1,000-word article was based on a longer published piece that the CIA had cleared without demanding any changes, and that is available on the net. At the website talkingpointsmemo.com, Mr Leverett wrote: "The White House inserted itself into the prepublication review process for an op-ed on the administration's bungling of the Iran portfolio." Mr Leverett said he was ordered to drop references to Iran's cooperation with the US on Afghanistan in the aftermath of the September 11 2001 attacks. He claims the White House has had no objections to similar assertions by less critical analysts. [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 4 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: No state has right to sanction IRI 2006/12/18 Venezuelan Ambassador to Egypt Victor R Carazo said in Cairo on Sunday that no country has the right to impose sanctions on the Islamic Republic of Iran. Speaking to IRNA, Carazo said big states use sanctions as a tool to make countries tow their line or achieve certain ends and, in the case of Iran, because of its nuclear activities which are decidedly for peaceful purposes and not to produce a nuclear bomb as claimed by its enemies. The Islamic Republic of Iran has never contemplated an attack on regional states and has always tried to settle problems through peaceful means, he added. He voiced his country's support for the international call for a Middle East free from weapons of mass destruction, saying implementation of all articles of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) to countries without discrimination was a prerequisite to achieving this goal. Pointing to the current situation in Iraq, he said the Iraqi people have made it clear that they want foreign forces out of their country and the right to run their own affairs. Turning to the situation in Lebanon, he said that Venezuela favors negotiations between opposing groups in Lebanon to settle the country's problems. sam Copyright 2004, All Rights Reserved By Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News Network Sponsored By IRIB News Computer Center. E-Mail: Info@IRIBNEWS.ir ***************************************************************** 5 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: Nuclear case is closed - President 2006/12/17 President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said Sunday that Tehran considered its nuclear issue as closed. He made the remarks on the sidelines of a surprise visit to the Interior Ministry's election headquarters two days after the fourth Leadership Assembly of Experts election was held on Friday simultaneously with the third Civil and Village Councils elections. The second by-elections of the Majlis was also held on the same day (Friday) in three constituencies -- Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr (taken as one), Bam and Ahvaz. Asked how the Friday's elections would influence the fate of IRI nuclear issue at the international arena, the President said, "we believe that the nuclear issue is closed." He added that massive turn-out in the elections was a "great epic" which has made enemies of the country disappointed. The President praised domestic media and press for their full coverage of the elections saying they have done "a good job." President Ahmadinejad urged winners of the Civil and Village Council elections to serve the nation and avoid serving their own interests or those of their relevant parties. He advised them to make use of the opportunity and serve the noble nation of IRI. M/D Copyright 2004, All Rights Reserved By Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News Network Sponsored By IRIB News Computer Center. E-Mail: Info@IRIBNEWS.ir ***************************************************************** 6 AFP: US sees UN sanctions against Iran voted within days Mon Dec 18, 12:31 PM ET WASHINGTON (AFP) - The UN Security Council will adopt sanctions against Iran " /> within days in response to Tehran's refusal to suspend its uranium enrichment program, a senior US official said. After months of intense negotiations, the five permanent members of the Security Council plus Germany were nearing agreement on the text of a resolution, said Undersecretary of State Nicholas Burns. "There will be sanctions passed against Iran in the next several days at the United Nations " /> ," Burns said on CNN after President George W. Bush " /> signed a controversial civilian nuclear deal with India, which is already a nuclear weapons power. The United States has been leading efforts to impose sanctions against Iran over its refusal to comply with an earlier UN resolution demanding that it stop reprocessing and enriching uranium -- activity that could provide material to produce nuclear weapons. But drawn-out negotiations with the four other veto-wielding Security Council members -- Britain, China, France and Russia -- along with Germany have so far failed to yield agreement on the exact terms of a sanctions resolution. Russia, which has close energy and economic ties with Iran, objected to an initial draft resolution as too harsh. But over the weekend Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said a consensus was forming around a revised draft presented by France and Britain earlier this month. "I hope that it is entirely realistic to come to a consensus in the days remaining before the New Year if our partners take a realistic approach and do not insist on certain positions which we are convinced have nothing to do with the task before us," Lavrov was quoted by Russian media as saying. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 7 AFP: Rice, Lavrov try to overcome hurdle to Iran sanctions - by David Millikin Mon Dec 18, 5:01 PM ET WASHINGTON (AFP) - The top US and Russian diplomats intervened personally in a bid to overcome the final obstacles to a UN sanctions resolution against Iran " /> Iranover its nuclear program, but with little apparent success. US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice " /> Condoleezza Ricespoke by telephone Monday morning with her Russian counterpart, Sergei Lavrov, about "some of the outstanding issues" preventing agreement on the Iran resolution, State Department spokesman Sean McCormack said. "We are hopeful we can get a vote in the very near future -- it is time for a vote" on the UN Security Council measure, said McCormack, who would not elaborate on the details of their conversation. But Russian and US diplomats involved in the negotiations at UN headquarters in New York later said the two sides were still disputing a key provision of the resolution, which is designed to force Iran to comply with earlier UN demands that it freeze its uranium enrichment program. The draft submitted by Britain, France and Germany would impose a ban on trade with Iran in goods related to its nuclear and ballistic missile programs and place financial and travel restrictions on persons and entities involved in the sectors. But Russian UN Ambassador Vitaly Churkin said Moscow could not agree to the travel limits. "We think this travel ban does not fit, it is something which is not necessary," Churkin told reporters in New York. US acting ambassador Alejandro Wolff countered that the travel ban was "a priority and an important element" of the resolution, which in order to pass needs the support of all five veto-wielding members of the Security Council -- Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States. Envoys from the five and Germany, which also has been deeply involved in the negotiations, failed to resolve the dispute during two hours of talks on Monday. They agreed to hold another session Tuesday before briefing the 10 non-permanent members of the council. "A proposal is on the table to try and cover all the (outstanding) points," said British UN envoy Emyr Jones Parry. "Wednesday we will see where we are," he said. Earlier Monday, US Undersecretary of State Nicholas Burns expressed optimism that the sanctions against Iran would finally be passed by the council "in the next several days" following months of arduous negotiations. Tehran spurned the United Nations " /> United Nations' August 31 deadline to freeze uranium enrichment, a process which can provide fuel for nuclear reactors but also, in highly refined form, material for the core of a nuclear bomb. Western powers suspect the Islamic Republic is seeking to acquire a nuclear weapons capability under the cover of its civilian nuclear program. Tehran insists its nuclear ambitions are entirely peaceful and aimed at generating electricity. Russia and China, which have close energy and economic ties with Iran, have steadily sought to water down the proposed sanctions, with Moscow taking the firmest stance as the negotiations entered the final phase, US officials said. Over the weekend, Lavrov said a consensus was forming around a revised draft presented by the Europeans earlier this month. "I hope that it is entirely realistic to come to a consensus in the days remaining before the New Year if our partners take a realistic approach and do not insist on certain positions which we are convinced have nothing to do with the task before us," Lavrov was quoted by Russian media as saying. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 8 AFP: Iran within four years of nuclear bomb: Israel spy chief - Mon Dec 18, 9:58 AM ET JERUSALEM (AFP) - Iran " /> will have its first atomic bomb within three or four years if its nuclear weapons programme continues to develop at the current pace, Israel " /> 's spy chief Meir Dagan has said. General Dagan, head of the Mossad, the Israeli intelligence agency, made the comments in an address to parliament's foreign affairs and defence commission, according to military radio. "If Iran's nuclear programme continues at its current pace, they will succeed in having a bomb within three of four years," Dagan was quoted as telling the commission Monday. The general had in November 2003 told the same commission that Iran's nuclear programme constituted "the greatest threat" to Israel since its creation in 1948. Prime Minister Ehud Olmert has on a number of occasions said Israel will "not tolerate" an Iran with nuclear weapons capability. A week ago, Olmert appeared to admit -- in breach of the Jewish state's decades-long policy of ambiguity -- that Israel possessed nuclear weapons. The blunder sparked outrage, with lawmakers from across the political spectrum calling on the premier to resign. Iran, meanwhile, is facing United Nations " /> sanctions for refusing to stop enriching uranium, which the West fears may be used for weapons development but which Tehran insists is destined for its civilian energy programme. But the Security Council's five veto-wielding members -- Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States -- plus Germany have been struggling to reach consensus on a resolution because of Russia and China's opposition to harsh sanctions favored by Western states. Israel is particularly fearful of Tehran developing a nuclear bomb in the light of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's constant threats against the Jewish state and his calls for its to be "wiped off the map". Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 9 Guardian Unlimited: U.S. - Iran Makes Headway on Nuke Weapons From the Associated Press [UP] Monday December 18, 2006 11:31 PM AP Photo XHS111 By BARRY SCHWEID AP Diplomatic Writer WASHINGTON (AP) - Iran is making headway in building nuclear weapons, the Bush administration said Monday as Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice tried to iron out differences with Russia over a U.N. resolution designed to stop the program with economic sanctions. While not predicting when Iran would join the nuclear club, State Department spokesman Sean McCormack said the Iranians were trying to perfect technology to enrich uranium. Iran has denied an effort to build nuclear weapons and says its work is for energy development. ``It's a very tricky matter of perfecting centrifuge technology so you can actually enrich all the uranium,'' McCormack said. ``So, yes, they are going along their way in trying to go down the various pathways.'' The spokesman provided no details of Rice's telephone conversation with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov. ``They went over some of the outstanding issues,'' McCormack said. Russia, which has close economic ties with Iran, has favored diplomacy over punitive sanctions, but the Bush administration is hoping Moscow may be prepared to approve a watered-down resolution at the U.N. Security Council. ``We are hopeful that we can get a vote in the very near future. It is time for a vote,'' McCormack said. ``I think we need to see a vote on this in a matter of days.'' The United States and its European allies have proposed offering Iran economic concessions in exchange for halting its enrichment of uranium, a key part of the process of building nuclear weapons. U.S. and other diplomats met Monday at the United Nations in an effort to narrow differences over a draft text. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 10 UPI: Iran claims to have 1,400 uranium mines United Press International - NewsTrack - 12/18/2006 10:08:00 AM -0500 MASHHAD, Iran, Dec. 18 (UPI) -- A senior nuclear official in Iran said that the country has 1,400 uranium mines it is using to fuel its growing nuclear power generation. Hossein Faqihian, deputy head of nuclear fuel at the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran made the disclosure in a speech Monday in the northeastern city of Mashhad and used the opportunity to reassert the government's declared right to enrich uranium for peaceful civilian use. "There are currently 10 countries in the world that are able to enrich uranium. The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of these," Faqihian said. He said when the Iranian-Russian Bushehr nuclear plant comes online late next year, it will have the capacity to produce 1,000 megawatts of electricity, the state-run IRNA news agency reported. The U.N. Security Council has authorized sanctions against Tehran for its refusal to abandon uranium enrichment, which numerous countries suspect is part of a military nuclear weapon buildup. © Copyright 2006 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 11 [NYTr] US Warns N.Korea that Sanctions May Replace Diplomacy Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2006 10:46:41 -0600 (CST) X-Sender-Host-Name: chumbly.math.missouri.edu X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit [Christ what a bunch of boorish nudniks they are. The US has barely sat down to the negotiating table (again, at last) and they're already threatening the DPRK with "sanctions." Ooooh, the North Koreans must be really quaking in their boots over that one. -NYTr] sent by Simon McGuinness [If the experience of Cuba under 47 years of the US blockade is anything to go by, the North Korean leadership will be drinking champaign in anticipation of US sanctions. -SMcG.] The Independent - Dec 18, 2006 http://news.independent.co.uk/world/politics/article2083907.ece America warns North Korea that sanctions may replace diplomacy By Burt Herman in Beijing Talks on North Korea's nuclear programme have reached a "fork in the road" between diplomacy and sanctions, America's top envoy on the issue said yesterday. US Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill called for progress at the talks, which are set to resume after a 13-month hiatus during which the North detonated an atomic bomb. Negotiators were gathering to discuss how to implement a September 2005 agreement, the only accord reached at the six-nation talks, under which the North pledged to disarm in exchange for aid and security guarantees. Mr Hill said when he arrived in Beijing that all sides "have to take those ideas on paper and move them to the ground". He continued: " We can either go forward on a diplomatic track or ... go to a much more difficult track ... that involves sanctions." The UN Security Council passed a resolution punishing the North's 9 October nuclear test with sanctions barring its weapons trade. But it is not clear how much effect those measures have had given the North's economic isolation and the fact that its main trading partners, China and South Korea, have so far held back from taking tough measures. South Korea's main envoy, Chun Yung-woo, said that the talks that have taken place sporadically since 2003 faced "more difficult conditions than other times" because of the atomic test. * ================================================================ .NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems . Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us . .339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org .List Archives: https://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ .Subscribe: https://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================ ***************************************************************** 12 AFP: NKorea should spend money on food not nukes - UN rights envoy - Monday December 18, 05:13 PM SEOUL (AFP) - A United Nations rights envoy urged North Korea to spend its money feeding its people rather than on nuclear weapons, as talks opened in Beijing on scrapping the nuclear program. Vitit Muntarbhorn, the UN's special rapporteur on human rights in North Korea, was speaking after a four-day fact-finding visit to South Korea. He is barred from visiting the North. "The military-first policy, particularly its expenditure on arms and nuclear proliferation in the DRPK (North Korea), (Advertisement) [Click Here] [ src=] is regrettable because the money should be spent on human development and particularly to address food security issues as well as other human needs," he told a press conference in Seoul. Vitit said donors had also become less willing to contribute after the North's missile tests in July and its nuclear test on October 9. He said the UN's World Food Programme had appealed for just over 100 million dollars to feed 1.9 million people over the next two years, but had received only 12-13 percent of this in donations. "The whole humanitarian aid has been very much impacted upon by the nuclear test and missile tests, as some contributors become much more reluctant both multilaterally and bilaterally to give aid." Vitit also noted that food shortages dated back to the mid-1990s "due to natural disasters and mismanagement." But at the end of last year the North decided to accept less monitoring of food aid and "started to pressure UN agencies and NGOs to limit their operations and even to leave the country." Saying it "takes two to tango," he urged the North to show its commitment by allocating its own funds to ensure adequate food supplies. Vitit visited South Korea's Hanawon refugee resettlement centre and said all those he met talked of "hardship, deprivation and repression" in the North. He urged nations which receive North Koreans fleeing their homeland to treat them as refugees rather than economic migrants. Vitit did not single out any nation but rights groups have strongly criticized China which routinely returns refugees to North Korea, where they face imprisonment and torture. He said positive developments in the six-party talks, which resumed Monday, would open opportunities for humanitarian action. "There may be in that process, some possibilities for addressing other issues, security concerns, as well as possibly human rights," Vitit said. He urged the North to end its "discrepancies and transgressions" on human rights and implement the four international treaties to which it is a party. In a report released in October, Vitit accused North Korea of practising "merciless discrimination against handicapped persons by setting up collective camps for them where they are designated according to their physical deformity or disability." The report also charged that women in North Korea were being subjected to violence as well as "human trafficking and sexual exploitation." The envoy, in the report, also focused on the root causes pushing North Koreans to flee abroad -- citing political repression and widespread hunger. AFP ***************************************************************** 13 Guardian Unlimited: North Korea Insists on Nuclear Status From the Associated Press [UP] Monday December 18, 2006 9:31 PM AP Photo TOK205 By BURT HERMAN Associated Press Writer BEIJING (AP) - North Korea insisted Monday it be treated as a full-fledged nuclear power as six-nation arms talks convened for the first time since its atomic test, but the United States said time was running out for Pyongyang to dismantle its nuclear arsenal and threatened more sanctions. U.S. officials dismissed the communist regime's opening comments as unsurprising rhetoric, while the chief American delegate said it was time to move forward on disarmament. ``The supply of our patience may have exceeded the international demand for that patience, and we should be a little less patient and pick up the pace and work faster,'' envoy Christopher Hill told reporters. The resumption of the talks - consisting of the United States, China, Japan, Russia and the two Koreas - came after a more than 13-month break during which the communist North tested fired a new long-range missile in July and then set off an underground atomic blast Oct. 9. North Korea had refused to return to the multinational talks in anger over the U.S. blacklisting of a Macau bank where Pyongyang deposited some $24 million, alleging the bank was complicit in the North's counterfeiting of $100 bills and money laundering to sell weapons of mass destruction. On Monday, the North again called for Washington to lift those restrictions and demanded U.N. sanctions imposed for its nuclear test explosion be lifted, according to a summary of its opening statement released by one of the delegations. Washington previously agreed to discuss the financial issue at separate talks alongside the nuclear meeting. The North's experts were expected to arrive in Beijing on Tuesday, although Treasury officials in Washington said a time and a place for the talks had not been set. The North demanded again Monday that it be given a nuclear reactor for electricity generation and also that its struggling economy get other help in meeting its energy needs until the reactor is built. Pyongyang repeated its assertion that it be considered a nuclear weapons power and that the talks be transformed into negotiations over mutual arms reductions in which it would be accorded equal footing with the United States. If its demands aren't met, the North said, it would increase its nuclear arsenal, according to the summary. But the United States and other countries stressed the main focus would be on getting the North Korean regime to give up atomic arms. ``We would like denuclearization via a diplomatic negotiation. If they don't want that, we're quite prepared to go the other road ... which is a pretty tough road,'' Hill said, implying North Korea could face further international sanctions. In Washington, U.S. Undersecretary of State Nicholas Burns brushed off the North's opening salvo as no surprise. ``If past is prologue, I mean that's the way the North Koreans operate,'' he said. ``Let's see where we are by the end of the week.'' Burns said the talks were expected to last three or four days, with Hill expected back in Washington before Christmas. Hill said he expected to have talks with the North's delegation, but added that the U.S. would not give up the multi-nation negotiations to engage in one-to-one talks with Pyongyang. ``The reason,'' he said, ``is that we want other countries to take responsibility for their security in the region, namely China,'' one of the North's closest allies. Japanese negotiator Kenichiro Sasae told reporters that North Korea would have to give ground. ``The position of the North Korean delegation is wide apart from the rest of us and we cannot accept it,'' he said. In Tokyo, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said his government expected North Korea to be more flexible. ``North Korea should take a step forward toward the dismantlement of its nuclear weapons,'' he said. The North pledged in September 2005 to abandon its nuclear arms program in exchange for economic aid and security guarantees, and Hill said the other countries at the talks hoped to lay out a plan to form working groups to discuss its implementation. ``What I want to see from the North Koreans is a willingness to get on with implementing their elements of the September agreement,'' Hill said. ``Our expectation is to get this done this week. China, the North's key benefactor, noted the sides had some ``very pronounced differences'' but pushed for results. ``We have finished the stage of commitment for commitment and now should follow the principle of action for action,'' Foreign Ministry spokesman Jiang Yu told reporters, echoing phrasing from the earlier agreement. South Korean nuclear negotiator Chun Yung-woo proposed that the parties push for implementing the 2005 agreement within a few months. ``We urged North Korea to take bold and substantial initial steps to dismantle its nuclear program and stressed that the other five countries' corresponding measures should also be bold and substantial,'' he told reporters. The latest North Korean nuclear crisis erupted in 2002 after U.S. officials said the North had admitted to a secret nuclear program in violation of a 1994 disarmament deal, leading to the communist nation's withdrawal from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. North Korea is believed to have enough radioactive material to make about a half-dozen atomic bombs, and its main nuclear reactor remains in operation to create more weapons-grade plutonium. AP writers Audra Ang, Bo-mi Lim, Alexa Olesen and Mari Yamaguchi contributed to this report. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 14 Guardian Unlimited: North Korea Wants U.N. Sanctions Lifted From the Associated Press [UP] Monday December 18, 2006 10:46 AM AP Photo TOK208 By ALEXA OLESEN Associated Press Writer BEIJING (AP) - North Korea defiantly declared itself a nuclear power Monday at the start of the first full international arms talks since its nuclear test and threatened to increase its nuclear deterrent if its demands were not met. Reiterating those demands in its opening speech, the North said the United Nations must lift the sanctions imposed on the communist nation for its Oct. 9 nuclear test. It also said the United States must remove the financial restrictions that led the North to break off the six-nation nuclear negotiations 13 months ago. The North also said it wants a nuclear reactor constructed for it and help covering its energy needs until the reactor is completed, according to a summary of the speech released by one of the delegations involved. Five nations are trying to persuade the North to abandon nuclear weapons - the United States, China, South Korea, Japan and Russia. The North said that now that it is a nuclear power, it should be treated on equal footing with the U.S. It warned that if its demands aren't met, it would increase its nuclear deterrent, according to the summary. The U.S. offered in its opening comments to normalize relations with Pyongyang, but only after it halted its nuclear program. A South Korean official who declined to be named because of the sensitivity of the talks said the North was entering the negotiations with a maximum of conditions for success. Opening the talks at a Chinese state guesthouse in Beijing, head Chinese delegate Wu Dawei urged the envoys to strive for the implementation of a September 2005 agreement in which the North pledged to abandon its nuclear program in exchange for security guarantees and aid. ``This session has significant meaning in building on past progress and paving the way for the future,'' he said. ``We hope that with the concerted efforts of all parties, we will be able to produce positive results.'' North Korea agreed to return to the six-nation negotiations just weeks after its nuclear test, saying it wanted to discuss U.S. financial restrictions against a Macau bank where the regime held accounts. That issue will be addressed in separate U.S.-North Korean meetings expected to start Tuesday. The arms talks have been plagued by delays and discord since they began in August 2003. The U.S. has sought to line up support against Pyongyang's nuclear ambitions by enlisting its neighbors in the discussions. The North exploited divisions among the U.S. and its partners in an effort to change the subject and buy time to develop its atomic arsenal. But North Korea's nuclear test of a low-yield nuclear device seemed to stiffen the will of other countries - particularly China - to persuade it to disarm. Beijing joined a unanimous U.N. Security Council resolution sanctioning North Korea for its nuclear test, and brought Pyongyang and Washington together just a few weeks later to agree to resume nuclear discussions. North Korea had boycotted the talks in response to the financial restrictions imposed by the United States. Washington had accused North Korea of using the Macau bank in scheme to launder money and print counterfeit U.S. currency. Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill, the U.S. nuclear envoy, said the United States supports the U.N. sanctions until the North disarms and said the goal now was to make the 2005 agreement a reality. ``The supply of our patience may have exceeded the international demand for that patience, and we should be a little less patient and pick up the pace and work faster,'' Hill told reporters Monday. China, the North's last major ally, also pushed for results. ``We have finished the stage of commitment for commitment and now should follow the principle of action for action,'' Foreign Ministry spokesman Jiang Yu told reporters, echoing phrasing from the earlier agreement. ``We hope that with the concerted efforts of all parties, we will be able to produce positive results at this session,'' Wu, the Chinese envoy, said at the talks' start. South Korean nuclear negotiator Chun Yung-woo suggested getting North Korea to dismantle its nuclear weapons program was a two-way process. ``We urged North Korea to take bold and substantial initial steps to dismantle its nuclear program and stressed that the other five countries' corresponding measures should also be bold and substantial,'' Chun told reporters. The latest North Korean nuclear crisis began in late 2002, when U.S. officials said the North admitted running a secret nuclear program. The program violated a 1994 deal with the U.S., in which North Korea agreed to halt its atomic development. After its admission, North Korea withdrew from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, expelled international inspectors and restarted its main nuclear reactor in order to make plutonium for bombs. --- Associated Press reporters Burt Herman and Bo-mi Lim contributed to this report. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 15 HS: Finns provided intelligence to U.S. nuclear interests during Cold War Helsingin Sanomat - Radio Helsinki Tuesday 19.12.2006 Proximity to Soviet test sites a major advantage in monitoring According to the Finnish Broadcasting Company's digital channel for news and current affairs YLE 24, new information has come to light on intelligence collaboration between Finland and the United States during the Cold War years. In the 1940s and 1950s, the U.S. recruited several eminent Finnish scientists to assist in clandestine research on nuclear arms and Soviet nuclear testing. Among other tasks, the Finnish scientists monitored the Soviet nuclear test programme, drafted calculations for the flight routes of intercontinental bombers, and plotted trajectories for missiles - ICBMs - aimed at targets inside the Soviet Union. In a trailer for a report on the subject to be screened later today, YLE 24 noted that in the early 1960s the Department of Seismology at the University of Helsinki was discreetly provided with U.S. equipment to help in monitoring Soviet nuclear tests. The information gathered was passed back via Norway and then uplinked using the U.S. Defense Department's so-called Arpanet network, the military forefather of the modern Internet. At the time the United States feared that the Soviets were gaining an advantage in the development of battlefield nuclear arms, or small tactical weapons. One of the principal players was the Department of Seismology's founder, Prof. Eijo Vesanen, who had spent four years shortly after World War II engaged on military research programmes in Washington State. The Finnish measuring apparatus was part of an extensive network of seismographic monitoring stations with which the U.S. had ringed the Soviet Union. Finland was an important node, since the country is located on the same continental plate as the Kola Peninsula and the key Soviet nuclear testing area in the twin islands of Novaya Zemlya in the Arctic Ocean. Finland also enjoyed conditions with little "seismological background noise", thus rendering the results more accurate. Furthermore, our geographical proximity to the testing sites meant that seismic waves reached Finland relatively quickly, thereby assisting spy satellites in pinning down the exact location of an underground nuclear test. YLE goes on to divulge that Veikko Heiskanen, a Finnish professor of geodesics, led a research department in Ohio that was funded by the U.S. intelligence community and which concentrated on missiles and surveillance satellites. The research team explored such things as ways in which nuclear-armed missiles could be guided in to designated targets in Leningrad, Moscow and elsewhere within the USSR. Information on the role of Finnish scientists during the Cold War era is not exactly thick on the ground. Many of the details of projects from this time remain classified, or material has been lost or deliberately destroyed, and those who do know something are reluctant to speak publicly about it. The most obvious reason for secrecy at the time was the fact of Finland's close security position vis-a-vis the Soviet Union through the YYA Treaty [The Treaty of Cooperation, Friendship and Mutual Assistance, dating from 1948]. Cooperation with the West was thus a politically sensitive issue, and was kept very much under wraps, on a need-to-know basis. Very few people needed to know anything. A more comprehensive report on the subject is to be broadcast tonight, Monday, on the A-Piste current affairs programme on YLE's TV1, at 21:00. Helsingin Sanomat ***************************************************************** 16 BBC: Bush signs US-India nuclear bill Last Updated: Monday, 18 December 2006 [President Bush in India] Mr Bush and Mr Singh finalised the deal in India in March President George W Bush has signed into law a historic agreement allowing the United States to export civilian nuclear fuel to India. The deal was finally approved by Congress earlier this month. Mr Bush and Indian Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh agreed on the deal in principle in July, 2005. Critics say it will harm efforts to stop the spread of nuclear weapons as India has not signed the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). Even with Mr Bush signing the legislation, it still has three more hurdles to overcome. 'Client state' President Bush described the new law as an important achievement for the whole world. "The bill will help keep America safe by paving the way for India to join the global effort to stop the spread of nuclear weapons," he said. "After 30 years outside the system, India will now operate its civilian nuclear energy programme under internationally-accepted guidelines and the world is going to be safer as a result." Mr Bush has insisted that the deal "will strengthen the strategic relationship between America and India and deliver valuable benefits to both nations". Under the deal, energy-hungry India will get access to US civil nuclear technology and fuel, in return for opening its civilian nuclear facilities to inspection. But its nuclear weapons sites will remain off-limits. Indian opposition leader LK Advani denounced the deal in a debate in the Indian parliament on Monday, saying it would make India "a client state of the United States". "The primary objective is to cap, roll back and ultimately eliminate [India's] nuclear weapons capability," he told legislators. The government's communist allies are also opposed to the agreement. The deal does not have to be ratified by the Indian parliament. However, the opposition could try to force a full debate followed by a vote to reject the agreement. Next steps There are three more stages before the agreement actually starts working. + India and the US have to agree terms for the lucrative trade deal by which the US sells India nuclear technology and fuel - the US Congress has to ratify the deal + The International Atomic Energy Agency has to approve a separate nuclear inspection programme + The Nuclear Suppliers Group, an assembly of nations that exports nuclear material, has to give its approval. Once on opposite sides of the Cold War fence, India and the US have become allies with close economic, political and even defence ties. NUCLEAR POWER IN INDIA India has 14 reactor in commercial operation and nine under construction Nuclear power supplies about 3% of India's electricity By 2050, nuclear power is expected to provide 25% of the country's electricity India has limited coal and uranium reserves Its huge thorium reserves - about 25% of the world's total - are expected to fuel its nuclear power programme long-term Source: Uranium Information Center Correspondents say that India sees the deal as a tacit acceptance of its emergence as a global nuclear power. But some say that by making an exception for India, the US will find it difficult to rein in the nuclear ambitions of North Korea and Iran. The proposed agreement reverses US policy to restrict nuclear co-operation with Delhi because of its refusal to sign the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and its testing of nuclear weapons in 1974 and 1998. Mr Bush and Mr Singh finalised the agreement in India in March. Some critics of the deal say it could boost India's nuclear arsenal. They say it sends the wrong message to countries like Iran, whose nuclear ambitions Washington opposes. India has made clear that the final agreement must not bind it to supporting the US policy on Iran and does not prevent it from developing its own fissile material. ***************************************************************** 17 FedCast: Government fails 10th consecutive audit 12/18/06 In this episode: [GovExec.com] By Jenny Mandel jmandel@govexec.com As anticipated, the federal government flunked its audit for fiscal 2006, with $797 billion, or 53 percent, of its reported assets and an additional $790 billion, or 27 percent, of net costs, on the balance sheets of five agencies that could not be fully audited. This marks the 10th year in a row in which the government's consolidated audit statement received a judgment of "no comment" from auditors. The Defense, State and Homeland Security departments, as well as NASA, received disclaimers on their 2006 audits. The Energy Department, which was only partially auditable due to a disclaimer in 2005, earned a qualified opinion -- a step up from no opinion but still short of a clean bill of health. The difficulty of valuing complex, one-of-a-kind systems contributed to the problems at those agencies. After new accounting rules for property went into effect in 2003, about $325.1 billion in military equipment appeared on the books for the first time, according to a Treasury Department analysis. In fiscal 2006, the government's total reported assets increased $48.6 billion, to $1.5 trillion. As it did last year, the Government Accountability Office cited three major shortcomings: financial management problems at the Defense Department, an inability to account for and to reconcile balances that cross agency lines and an ineffective process for preparing financial statements. The consolidated report also showed that the Transportation Department and Smithsonian earned qualified opinions on their audits, indicating significant problems. In a letter reporting the audit results, Comptroller General David M. Walker called for the adoption of another report in the annual arsenal -- a new statement that would provide "a long-term look at the sustainability of current social insurance and other federal programs." Walker has spent the past 15 months crisscrossing the country in what he has called a "fiscal wake-up tour" to speak about the problems the nation faces with its social insurance programs. Fiscal 2006 was the first year for which a statement of social insurance, which covers outlays for Social Security, Medicare, railroad retirement and black lung disease benefits, was considered a key financial statement. The statement showed projected outlays for those programs exceeding revenues by about $39 trillion over the next 75 years, Walker said. Combined with other long-term projected expenses, he said, the total government exposure was about $50 trillion at the end of fiscal 2006, up $4 trillion from the previous year and up $20 trillion since 2000. ©2006 by National Journal Group Inc. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 18 CANOE: CNEWS: Environmental groups accuse nuclear association of false advertising December 18, 2006 By DENNIS BUECKERT OTTAWA (CP) - Environmental, health and church groups have filed a false-advertising complaint against the Canadian Nuclear Association over its ad campaign touting nuclear energy as clean. The complaint, submitted to the Competition Bureau on Monday, comes amid renewed debate about the nuclear option as an alternative to fossil fuels that are mainly responsible for greenhouse gas emissions. It's false to claim nuclear energy is clean because radioactive waste remains dangerous for thousands of years, said Mark Winfield of the Pembina Institute, one of the groups in the coalition. "We've got generation of just enormous amounts of waste at each stage of the process, and these are extraordinarily difficult-to-deal-with wastes," he said in an interview. The complaint is based on $1.7 million in advertising by the Canadian Nuclear Association in 2005, mostly on television, touting nuclear energy as "clean, reliable and affordable." The ad campaign continued this year as well. The Canadian Nuclear Association did not respond to a request Monday for comment. A Pembina report found that the Canadian nuclear sector produces: -An estimated 575,000 tonnes of acidic tailings each year from the mining of uranium fuel. These contain a range of acids, long-lived radioactive material, heavy metals and other contaminants. -Approximately 85,000 waste-fuel bundles annually. As of 2003, 1.7 million radioactive bundles were in storage at reactor sites. It's estimated these wastes will have to be secured for approximately a million years. Canada still lacks a plan for permanent disposal of nuclear waste although the problem has been under study for many years. Health Canada and Environment Canada have determined that the discharge from nuclear plants meets the criteria to be categorized as toxic under the Canada Environmental Protection Act. The Pembina study also found that nuclear plants in Canada have a history of cost overruns. In Ontario, for example, nuclear construction projects have run 40 per cent to 270 per cent over their projected capital costs. "Our concern is that the nuclear industry's advertising budget and approach distorts objective decisions which have to be made right now about the future of (Canada's) electricity system," said Julia Langer of the Canadian arm of the World Wildlife Federation. A spokeswoman for the Competition Bureau, which is responsible for charges of false-advertising, said the bureau does not comment on individual complaints, and not all complaints are investigated. The bureau receives 40,000 complaints a year, said Maureen McGrath. ***************************************************************** 19 [NukeNet] Radioactive isotope found near Oyster Creek nuclear Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2006 15:02:38 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (borg.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) The possibilities do exist of similar levels at and around Diablo Canyon. If this is happening at other nuke plants it could also be happening here. Molly FYI - http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/nucene/fisfrag.html#c4 Cesium-137 and strontium-90 are the most dangerous radioisotopes to the environment in terms of their long-term effects. Their intermediate half-lives of about 30 years suggests that they are not only highly radioactive but that they have a long enough halflife to be around for hundreds of years. Iodine-131 may give a higher initial dose, but its short halflife of 8 days ensures that it will soon be gone. Besides its persistence and high activity, cesium-137 has the further insidious property of being mistaken for potassium by living organisms and taken up as part of the fluid electrolytes. This means that it is passed on up the food chain and reconcentrated from the environment by that process. Radioactive isotope found near Oyster Creek nuclear power plant Posted by the Asbury Park Press on 12/16/06 BY JOSEPH CACCHIOLI AND ERIK LARSEN STAFF WRITERS LACEY — The Oyster Creek nuclear power plant reported Friday it has detected elevated levels of the radioactive isotope Cesium-137 in leaf and soil samples near the plant. The amounts detected were within a range typically found in the general environment and pose no health or safety threat to people or wildlife, plant officials said. The amounts found were also below levels that would require them to report their findings to federal regulators, plant officials reported in a prepared statement. However, exposure to radiation from Cesium-137 can result in increased risk of cancer, according to information on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Web site. Oyster Creek's technical staff "will get to the bottom of this," said Tim Rausch, the plant's chief executive. "We will find out the source and extent of the Cesium-137 we are seeing, and we'll continue to keep the community informed as information becomes available." The test was part of the plant's routine monthly monitoring program, said Rachelle Benson, a plant spokeswoman. Cesium-137 in the environment comes from a variety of sources, according to the EPA. The largest single source was fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests in the 1950s and 1960s, which dispersed and deposited Cesium-137 worldwide. However, much of the Cesium-137 from testing has now decayed. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "There is no flag large enough to cover the shame of killing innocent people for a purpose which is unattainable." : U.S. historian Howard Zinn, 1993 Molly Johnson 6290 Hawk Ridge Place San Miguel, CA 93451 Cell: 805 296-0524 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://mail.energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 20 [NukeNet] US Nuclear Tech Suppliers Swarm India Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2006 15:00:34 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (borg.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) >The bill must be finalised in December before the end of >this Congressional session, otherwise the process will have to start anew >next year. This needs to be stopped/not passed in December. Please call your Senators & Reps telling them this is a disaster in the making and must be snuffed. The Congressional switchboard can be reached at: 202-224-3121 & 1-877-762-8762. People on relevant committee[s] can be found at: http://www.senate.gov http://www.house.gov Please forward this as widely as possible. -Bill Smirnow Alice Slater Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, New York 446 E. 86 St. New York, NY 10028 212-744-2005 646-238-9000(cell) aslater@rcn.com www.wagingpeace.org -----Original Message----- From: NucNews@yahoogroups.com [mailto:NucNews@yahoogroups.com] On Behalf Of et@nucnews.net Sent: Friday, December 15, 2006 9:32 PM To: nucnews@yahoogroups.com Subject: [NucNews] US nuclear tech suppliers swarm India US nuclear tech suppliers swarm India Financial Times / MSNBC By Amy Yee in New Delhi Nov 23, 2006 http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15861048/ US companies are clamouring to break into India's nuclear energy market - forecast to be worth $100bn (£53bn) - as lawmakers race to finalise the US-India civilian nuclear agreement cleared last week by the US Senate. Two dozen US groups with nuclear energy interests will join more than 200 other American companies at the US India Business Summit in Mumbai next week, which represents the largest ever US trade mission to India. The energy and infrastructure heavyweights GE, Westinghouse, Bechtel, United Technologies, Thorium Power, US Enrichment Corporation and Fluor are part of the delegation. The US Senate last Thursday approved a historic deal to legalise nuclear trade with India, bringing the country a step closer to being allowed to buy US nuclear fuel, reactors and related technology. US companies across a range of sectors, from IT to manufacturing to entertainment, have pushed hard for the new legislation. "This goes far beyond nuclear reactors," said Ron Somers, president of the US India Business Council, an industry advocacy group based in Washington. "We are ripping the lid off so the market can grow at a much faster pace." India's power generation capacity stands at 132,000MW but it is seeking to add 100,000MW from conventional energy sources to sustain economic growth running at about 8 per cent a year. Nuclear energy could provide a further 60,000MW. In addition to satisfying growing consumer demand as incomes rise, India also needs energy to bolster its weak infrastructure. Overhauling and expanding ports, airports, roads and railways - crucial to boosting India's industry and trade - will carry an estimated price tag of $500bn over the next decade. "We've only just begun significant economic activity with India," said Mr Somers. Passage of the civilian nuclear agreement would signal the "end of a technology denial regime imposed on India for the past 35 years". Both chambers of US Congress must now reconcile their versions of the bill and bilateral agreements with India must be hammered out before it can be signed into law. The bill must be finalised in December before the end of this Congressional session, otherwise the process will have to start anew next year. In addition, several more critical approvals, by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the 45-nation Nuclear Suppliers Group, are needed before the agreement can take effect. Although several hurdles stand in the way of opening India's civilian nuclear industry, "there is interest from countries all over the world to position themselves", said David Mulford, US ambassador to India, last week. Opening India's civilian nuclear industry is "achievable in a matter of months...Deals will come through quite quickly," he added. -- Posted for educational and research purposes only, ~ in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 ~ NucNews Links and Expanded Archives - http://nucnews.net Looking for solutions? http://prop1.org/prop1/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~ * See also: NucNews Links and Archives (by date) at http://nucnews.net * (Posted for educational and research purposes only, in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107) * ***************************************************************** 21 RIA Novosti: Moscow research facility shuts down six of 12 nuclear reactors 18/ 12/ 2006 MOSCOW, December 18 (RIA Novosti) - Six out of 12 nuclear reactors at the Kurchatov nuclear research institute in Moscow have been shut down and pose no danger, a deputy director of the institute said Monday. Russian ecologists have repeatedly called for the removal of all nuclear research reactors from the capital, citing radiation and health risks. Moscow is one of the only European capitals with operating nuclear reactors on its territory. "In all, 12 reactors were constructed at the Kurchatov Institute," Andrei Gagarinsky said. "Only six of them remain operational. Another reactor will be shut down soon, and we will continue exploiting [the remaining] five." He added that three of the idled reactors are undergoing uranium removal. Nikolai Ponomaryov-Stepnoi, a vice president of the institute, said the remaining reactors are safe and pose no threat to human health, although some areas at the institute were radioactively contaminated. "There were some areas that were significantly contaminated with radiation, but our specialists have successfully cleared them," Ponomaryov-Stepnoi said. The vice president also said that all reactors still in use at Russia's leading nuclear energy research and development institute have licenses from the Federal Service for the Oversight of the Environment, Technology and Nuclear Management. Ponomaryov-Stepnoi said the institute still operates the oldest reactor in Europe and Asia, the F-1 graphite research reactor, which is very safe. "Physically, the reactor is an excellent shape and can work for hundreds of years," he said. "It is safe, and we can continue using it for scientific experiments." The Kurchatov Institute is funded through the Ministry of Industry, Science and Technology, and federal budget resources represent about 15% of its total financing. © 2005 RIA Novosti ***************************************************************** 22 Daily Item: Sirens mistakenly sound at nuclear power plant Sunbury, PA The Daily Item 200 Market Street Sunbury, PA 17801 (570) 286-5671 (800) 792-2303 December 18, 2006 BERWICK — Emergency sires near PPL’s Susquehanna nuclear power plant went off around 11 a.m. this morning, but company officials said it was part of a test and not an actual emergency. “We conduct silent tests of the siren system every two weeks,” said Lou Ramos, spokesman for the plant. “During a scheduled test this morning, the sirens mistakenly received a signal to sound, rather than a signal for a silent test. We apologize for any anxiety that this may have caused among area residents.” The sirens can be sounded by PPL Susquehanna or by emergency management agencies in Luzerne or Columbia counties. “The sires that sounded today were part of the old siren system, which PPL Susquehanna is in the process of replacing,” Mr. Ramos said. “We will conduct a full-scale test of the newly installed siren system tomorrow.” Emergency sirens around the plant are in place to notify the public to tune into emergency broadcast stations on television or radio in the event of an emergency at the nuclear plant or in the community. Did this article satisfy your expectations? Copyright © 2006 The Daily Item Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 23 AFP: Westinghouse deal kicks off Chinese nuclear energy drive - by Robert J. Saiget Mon Dec 18, 8:23 AM ET BEIJING (AFP) - China's decision to buy four nuclear power reactors from US-based Westinghouse represents a major step in an ambitious drive to boost atomic energy production. In March this year, China's cabinet approved blueprints to bring nuclear energy capacity from its current level of about 9,600 megawatts to 40,000 megawatts by 2020, or about four percent of its overall energy production. The deal for the third-generation 1,000 megawatt reactors marks only the beginning of the production drive to wean the country away from dependency of polluting fossil fuels. "The target will require China to build some 32 nuclear power units, each capable of generating at least one gigawatt (1,000 megawatts), over the next 15 years," Xinhua news agency quoted Zhang Guobao, vice minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), as saying at the time. China currently has nine nuclear energy reactors in commercial operation with two more Russian-made units expected to go on line by the end of March 2007. France has built four nuclear reactors in China, while Canada has built two atomic power units. The four Westinghouse reactors will be constructed in nuclear power stations in Yangjiang in south China's Guangdong province and in Sanmen, in Zhejiang province along the nation's east coastline. The multi-billion dollar deal was announced on Saturday and comes after years of intense competition with France's Areva and Russia's AtomStroyExport. According to the Chinese government, Westinghouse won the bid on technical merits, with insiders saying the American-based, but Japanese-owned company, was willing to transfer more technology than their French rivals. The deal for the Westinghouse AP 1000 reactors was valued at between 5.5 billion dollars and 8.0 billion dollars, the insiders said. Westinghouse said the deal will create up to 5,000 jobs in the United States. China also announced this year plans to start building a nuclear power station in the nation's northeastern Liaoning province next year that consist of two 1,000 megawatt reactors. It was unclear if those reactors will be imported or Chinese made. Meanwhile state press reports said that more plants are in the pipeline for the provinces of Fujian, Shandong, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi and Sichuan, as well as Shanghai. All must get final approval from the NDRC, China's planning ministry. "The basic policy to reach the 40,000 megawatt goal is to rely on our own technology to build these plants," an official with the China Atomic Energy Authority told AFP. "But we also have policies calling for the import of advanced technologies from around the world," he added while asking not to be named. He insisted that all international tenders would be judged on their commercial and technical merits, while refusing to comment on the political elements that inevitably become involved with major Chinese projects. "Right now the biggest political element is whether to go with indigenous technology or imported technology, with much of the infighting taking place in the regions and the bureaucracies," a Singapore-based China energy analyst told AFP. "Some people in China are saying that if you give all the contracts to foreign companies, then you are taking away an opportunity for the indigenous industry to develop," he said while declining to be named. According to the China Atomic Energy Authority official, China's indigenous nuclear power industry would continue to produce "second generation" plants of around 600 megawatts each until 2015. After that the nation would be capable of manufacturing "third generation" reactors like the Westinghouse AP 1000s, he said. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 24 NRC: Notice of Opportunity To Comment on Model Safety Evaluation and FR Doc E6-21462 [Federal Register: December 18, 2006 (Volume 71, Number 242)] [Notices] [Page 75774-75777] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr18de06-61] Model License Amendment Request on Technical Specification Improvement Regarding Adding an Action Statement for Two Inoperable Control Room Air Conditioning Subsystems AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Request for comment. SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given that the staff of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has prepared a model license amendment request (LAR), model safety evaluation (SE), and model proposed no significant hazards consideration (NSHC) determination related to changes to Standard Technical Specification (STS) 3.7.5 (STS 3.7.4 for BWR/6), ``Control Room Air Conditioning (AC) System'' for NUREG-1433 and NUREG-1434. The proposed changes would also revise the Bases for STS 3.7.5 (STS 3.7.4 for BWR/6). The General Electric Boiling Water Reactor Owners Group (BWROG) participants in the Technical Specifications Task Force (TSTF) proposed these changes to the STS in TSTF-477, Revision 3, ``Add an Action for Two Inoperable Control Room AC Subsystems.'' The purpose of these models is to permit the NRC to efficiently process amendments to incorporate changes into plant-specific Technical Specifications (TS) for General Electric Boiling Water Reactors (BWR). Licensees of nuclear power reactors to which the models apply can request amendments conforming to the models. In such a request, a licensee should confirm the applicability of the model LAR, model SE and NSHC determination to its plant. The NRC staff is requesting comments on the model LAR, model SE and NSHC determination before announcing their availability for referencing in license amendment applications. DATES: The comment period expires 30 days from the date of this publication. Comments received after this date will be considered if it is practical to do so, but the Commission is able to ensure consideration only for comments received on or before this date. ADDRESSES: Comments may be submitted either electronically or via U.S. mail. Submit written comments to: Chief, Rules and Directives Branch, Division of Administrative Services, Office of Administration, Mail Stop: T-6 D59, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001. Hand deliver comments to: 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland, between 7:45 a.m. and 4:15 p.m. on Federal workdays. Submit comments by electronic mail to: . Copies of comments received may be examined at the NRC's Public Document Room, One White Flint North, Public File Area O1-F21, 11555 Rockville Pike (first floor), Rockville, Maryland. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Peter C. Hearn, Mail Stop: O-12H2, Division of Inspection and Regional Support, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555- 0001, telephone (301) 415-1189. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Regulatory Issue Summary 2000-06, ``Consolidated Line Item Improvement Process [CLIIP] for Adopting Standard Technical Specifications Changes for Power Reactors,'' was issued on March 20, 2000. The CLIIP is intended to improve the efficiency and transparency of NRC licensing processes. This is accomplished by processing proposed changes to the STS in a manner that supports subsequent license amendment applications. The CLIIP includes an opportunity for the public to comment on proposed changes to the STS following a preliminary assessment by the NRC staff and finding that the change will likely be offered for adoption by licensees. This notice is soliciting comments on a proposed change to the STS that adds an action statement for two inoperable control room subsystems to the General Electric BWR STS Revision 3.0 of NUREG-1433 and NUREG-1434. The CLIIP directs the NRC staff to evaluate any comments received for a proposed change to the STS and to either reconsider the change or proceed with announcing the availability of the change for proposed adoption by licensees. Those licensees opting to apply for the subject change to TSs are responsible for reviewing the staff's evaluation, referencing the applicable technical justifications, and providing any necessary plant-specific information. Following the public comment period, the model LAR and model SE will be finalized, and posted on the NRC Web page. Each amendment application made in response to the notice of availability will be processed and noticed in accordance with applicable NRC rules and procedures. This notice involves adding an action statement for two inoperable control room air conditioning subsystems. By letter dated September 8, 2006, the BWROG proposed these changes for incorporation into the STS as TSTF-477, Revision 3. These changes are accessible electronically from the Agency-wide Documents Access and Management System's (ADAMS) Public Electronic Reading Room on the Internet (ADAMS Accession No. ML062510321) at the NRC Web site ]cgi-bin/ leaving.cgi?from=leavingFR.html&[fxsp0]log=linklog= [fxsp0]reading-rm/adams.html. Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS should contact the NRC Public Document Room Reference staff by telephone at 1-800-397-4209, 301-415-4737, or by e-mail to . Applicability These proposed changes will revise Section 3.7.5 (Section 3.7.4 for BWR/6) for the General Electric plants. To efficiently process incoming license amendment applications, the NRC staff requests that each licensee applying for the changes addressed by TSTF-477, Revision 3, using the CLIIP submit an LAR that adheres to the following model. Any variations from the model LAR should be explained in the licensee's submittal. Variations from the approach recommended in this notice may require additional review by the NRC staff, and may increase the time and resources needed for the review. Significant variations from the approach, or inclusion of additional changes to the license, will result in staff rejection of the submittal. Instead, licensees desiring significant variations and/ or additional changes should submit a LAR that does not claim to adopt TSTF-477. Public Notices This notice requests comments from interested members of the public within 30 days of the date of this publication. Following the NRC staff's evaluation of comments received as a result of this notice, the NRC staff may reconsider the proposed change or may proceed with announcing the availability of the change in a subsequent notice (perhaps with some changes to the model LAR, model SE or model NSHC determination [[Page 75775]] as a result of public comments). If the NRC staff announces the availability of the change, licensees wishing to adopt the change will submit an application in accordance with applicable rules and other regulatory requirements. The NRC staff will, in turn, issue for each application a notice of consideration of issuance of amendment to facility operating license(s), a proposed NSHC determination, and an opportunity for a hearing. A notice of issuance of an amendment to operating license(s) will also be issued to announce the revised requirements for each plant that applies for and receives the requested change. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 7th day of December, 2006. Timothy J. Kobetz, Chief, Technical Specifications Branch, Division of Inspection and Regional Support, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. ENCLOSURE 1 1.0 Description This letter is a request to amend Operating License(s) [LICENSE NUMBER(S)] for [PLANT/UNIT NAME(S)]. The proposed changes would revise Technical Specification 3.7.5 (3.7.4 for BWR/6) ``Control Room Air Conditioning (AC) System'' to add an action statement for two inoperable control room subsystems. Technical Specification Task Force (TSTF) change traveler TSTF-477, Revision 3, ``Add Action for Two Inoperable Control Room AC Subsystems'' was announced for availability in the Federal Register on [DATE] as part of the consolidated line item improvement process (CLIIP). 2.0 Proposed Changes Consistent with NRC-approved TSTF-477, Revision 3, the proposed TS changes include: Add an action statement for two inoperable control room subsystems. 3.0 Background The background for this application is as stated in the model SE in NRC's Notice of Availability published on [DATE] [ ] FR [ ]), the NRC Notice for Comment published on [DATE] ([ ] FR [ ]), and TSTF-477, Revision 3. 4.0 Technical Analysis [LICENSEE] has reviewed References 1 and 2, and the model SE published on [DATE] ([ ] FR [ ]) as part of the CLIIP Notice for Comment. [LICENSEE] has applied the methodology in Reference 1 to develop the proposed TS changes. [LICENSEE] has also concluded that the justifications presented in TSTF-477, Revision 3 and the model SE prepared by the NRC staff are applicable to [PLANT, UNIT NOS.], and justify this amendment for the incorporation of the changes to the [PLANT] TS. 5.0 Regulatory Analysis A description of this change and its relationship to applicable regulatory requirements and guidance was provided in the NRC Notice of Availability published on [Date] ([FR [ ]), the NRC Notice for Comment published on [Date] ([ ] FR [ ]) and TSTF-477, Revision 3. 6.0 No Significant Hazards Consideration [LICENSEE] has reviewed the proposed no significant hazards consideration determination published in the Federal Register on [DATE] ([ ] FR [ ]) as part of the CLIIP. [LICENSEE] has concluded that the proposed determination presented in the notice is applicable to [PLANT] and the determination is hereby incorporated by reference to satisfy the requirements of 10 CFR 50.91(a). 7.0 Environmental Evaluation [LICENSEE] has reviewed the environmental consideration included in the model SE published in the Federal Register on [DATE] ([ ] FR [ ]) as part of the CLIIP. [LICENSEE] has concluded that the staff's findings presented therein are applicable to [PLANT] and the determination is hereby incorporated by reference for this application. 8.0 References 1. Federal Register Notices: Notice for Comment published on [DATE] ([ ] FR [ ]) Notice of Availability published on [DATE] ([ ] FR [ ]) Enclosure 2 Proposed Technical Specification Changes and Technical Specification Bases Changes (Mark-Up) Enclosure 3 Final Technical Specification and Bases Pages [Clean copies of Licensee specific Technical Specification (TS) pages, corresponding to the TS pages changed by TSTF-477, Rev 3, are to be included in Enclosure 3] Model Safety Evaluation--U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation--Technical Specification Task Force TSTF-477, Revision 3, ``Add an Action for Two Inoperable Control Room AC Subsystems.'' 1.0 Introduction By letter dated [--, 20--], [LICENSEE] (the licensee) proposed changes to the technical specifications (TS) for [PLANT NAME]. The requested changes are the adoption of TSTF-477, Revision 3, ``Add Action for Two Inoperable Control Room AC Subsystems'' which was proposed by the Technical Specification Task Force (TSTF) by letter on August---- , 2006. The proposed changes revising Technical Specification 3.7.5 (3.7.4 for BWR/6) ``Control Room Air Conditioning (AC) System'' involve adding the following Limiting Conditions for Operation (LCO): B. Two [control room AC] B.1 Verify control Once per 4 subsystems inoperable. room area Temperature hours. ***************************************************************** 25 NRC: Notice of Environmental Assessment Related to the Issuance of a FR Doc E6-21463 [Federal Register: December 18, 2006 (Volume 71, Number 242)] [Notices] [Page 75772-75774] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr18de06-60] License Amendment to Byproduct Material License No. 21-01443-06, for Unrestricted Release of a Former Facility for Warner-Lambert, LC., Ann Arbor, MI AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Issuance of Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact for License Amendment. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: William Snell, Senior Health Physicist, Decommissioning Branch, Division of Nuclear Materials Safety, Region III, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2443 Warrenville Road, Lisle, Illinois 60532; telephone: (630) 829-9871; fax number: (630) 515-1259; or by e-mail at wgs@nrc.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is considering the issuance of an amendment to NRC Byproduct Materials License No. 21-01443-06, which is held by Warner-Lambert, LLC (licensee), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer, Inc. The amendment would authorize the decommissioning and unrestricted release of the licensee's former Traverwood facility located at 2900 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan (the facility). The NRC has prepared an Environmental Assessment in support of this action in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR Part 51. Based on the Environmental Assessment, the NRC has determined that a Finding of No Significant Impact is appropriate. The amendment to Warner-Lambert's license will be issued following the publication of this Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact. I. Environmental Assessment Identification of Proposed Action The proposed action would approve Warner-Lambert's request to amend its license and release the licensee's facility for unrestricted use in accordance with 10 CFR Part 20, Subpart E. The [[Page 75773]] proposed action is in accordance with the licensee's request to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to amend its license by letter dated August 31, 2006 (ADAMS Accession No. ML062440517). Warner-Lambert was first licensed to use byproduct materials at its Traverwood facility on June 27, 2000. The licensee is authorized to use byproduct materials for activities involving in-vitro biochemical research. Hydrogen-3 and carbon-14 were the only two isotopes with a half-life greater than 120 days that were used at the facility in an unsealed form, and these were limited to less than 25 millicuries at any one time in the entire building. On May 17, 2006, Warner-Lambert completed removal of licensed radioactive material from the Traverwood facility. The licensee conducted surveys of the facility as part of its decommissioning activities and provided this information to the NRC to demonstrate that the radiological condition there is consistent with radiological criteria for unrestricted use in 10 CFR Part 20, Subpart E. No radiological remediation activities are required to complete the proposed action. Need for the Proposed Action The licensee is requesting this license amendment because it has moved out of the Traverwood facility, and is conducting licensed activities at another location. The NRC is fulfilling its responsibilities under the Atomic Energy Act to make a decision on the proposed action for decommissioning that ensures that residual radioactivity is reduced to a level that is protective of the public health and safety and the environment, and allows the facility to be released for unrestricted use. Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Action The NRC staff reviewed the information provided and surveys performed by the licensee to demonstrate that the release of the Traverwood facility is consistent with the radiological criteria for unrestricted use specified in 10 CFR 20.1402. Based on its review, the staff determined that there were no radiological impacts associated with the proposed action because no radiological remediation activities were required to complete the proposed action, and that the radiological criteria for unrestricted use in Sec. 20.1402 have been met. Based on its review, the staff determined that the radiological environmental impacts from the proposed action for the Traverwood facility are bounded by the ``Generic Environmental Impact Statement in Support of Rulemaking on Radiological Criteria for License Termination of NRC-Licensed Nuclear Facilities'' (NUREG-1496). Additionally, no non-radiological or cumulative impacts were identified. Therefore, the NRC has determined that the proposed action will not have a significant effect on the quality of the human environment. Alternatives to the Proposed Action The only alternative to the proposed action is to take no action. Under the no-action alternative, the licensee's facility would remain under an NRC license and would not be released for unrestricted use. Denial of the license amendment request would result in no change to current conditions at the Traverwood facility. The no-action alternative is not acceptable because it is inconsistent with 10 CFR 30.36, which requires that decommissioning of by-product material facilities be completed and approved by the NRC after licensed activities cease. This alternative would impose an unnecessary regulatory burden in controlling access to the former Traverwood facility, and limit potential benefits from the future use of the facility. Conclusion The NRC staff concluded that the proposed action is consistent with the NRC's unrestricted release criteria specified in 10 CFR 20.1402. Because the proposed action will not significantly impact the quality of the human environment, the NRC staff concludes that the proposed action is the preferred alternative. Agencies and Persons Consulted The NRC staff has determined that the proposed action will not affect listed species or critical habitats. Therefore, no further consultation is required under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act. Likewise, the NRC staff has determined that the proposed action is not a type of activity that has potential to cause effect on historic properties. Therefore, consultation under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act is not required. The NRC consulted with the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ). The Michigan DEQ, Waste and Hazardous Materials Division, Radiological Protection and Medical Waste Section was provided the draft EA for comment on November 9, 2006. Mr. Bob Skowronek, Chief, Radioactive Material and Medical Waste Unit, with the Michigan DEQ, responded to the NRC by e-mail on November 13, 2006, indicating that the State had no comments regarding the NRC Environmental Assessment for the release of the Warner-Lambert, Traverwood facility . II. Finding of No Significant Impact On the basis of the EA in support of the proposed license amendment to release the facility for unrestricted use, the NRC has determined that the proposed action will not have a significant effect on the quality of the human environment. Thus, the NRC has not prepared an environmental impact statement for the proposed action. III. Further Information Documents related to this action, including the application for amendment and supporting documentation, are available electronically at the NRC's Electronic Reading Room at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html. From this site, you can access the NRC's Agencywide Document Access and Management System (ADAMS), which provides text and image files of NRC's public documents. If you do not have access to ADAMS, or if there are problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, contact the NRC Public Document Room (PDR) Reference staff at 1- 800-397-4209, 301-415-4737, or by e-mail to pdr@nrc.gov. The documents and ADAMS accession numbers related to this notice are: 1. Carol Lentz, Pfizer, Inc., letter to Patricia Pelke, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, August 31, 2006 (ADAMS Accession No. ML062440517). 2. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, ``Environmental Review Guidance for Licensing Actions Associated with NMSS Programs,'' NUREG- 1748, August 2003. 3. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, ``Generic Environmental Impact Statement in Support of Rulemaking on Radiological Criteria for License Termination of NRC-Licensed Nuclear Facilities,'' NUREG-1496, August 1994. 4. NRC, NUREG-1757, ``Consolidated NMSS Decommissioning Guidance,'' Volumes 1-3, September 2003. Documents may also be viewed electronically on the public computers located at the NRC's PDR, O 1 F21, One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852. The PDR reproduction contractor will copy documents for a fee. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, [[Page 75774]] Dated at Lisle, Illinois, this 5th day of December 2006. George M. McCann, Acting Chief, Decommissioning Branch, Division of Nuclear Materials Safety, Region III. [FR Doc. E6-21463 Filed 12-15-06; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 26 Mos News: Moscow Researchers Shut Down Six of Twelve Nuclear Reactors - MOSNEWS.COM Created: 18.12.2006 17:32 MSK (GMT +3), Updated: 22:43 MSK MosNews According to the deputy director of the Kurchatov nuclear research institute Moscow, six out of twelve nuclear reactors at the institute, RIA Novosti news agency reportes Monday. Moscow is the only capital in Europe with nuclear reactors operating on its territory. Russian ecologists have repeatedly called for the removal of all nuclear research reactors from the city to prevent radiation and health risks. The institute official informed that another operating reactor would be shut down soon, so it would be five left. Three of the closed reactors were undergoing uranium removal, he added. Nikolai Ponomaryov-Stepnoi, a vice president of the institute, said that the remaining reactors are safe and pose no threat to human health, although some areas at the institute were radioactively contaminated. The areas that were significantly contaminated with radiation have been already cleared by the specialists of the institute. All the reactors operating at the institute have licenses from the Federal Service for the Oversight of the Environment, Technology and Nuclear Management, said the vice president. The Kurchatov Institute is funded through the Ministry of Industry, Science and Technology, and federal budget resources represent about 15% of its total financing. Copyright © 2004 MOSNEWS.COM ***************************************************************** 27 Mos News: Russia Loses Multibillion Chinese NPP Tender to U.S. Firm - MOSNEWS.COM Created: 18.12.2006 12:25 MSK (GMT +3), Updated: 12:26 MSK MosNews U.S.-based corporation Westinghouse Electric Company has won $8 billion international tender for construction of four new nuclear power plants in China. The tender also included Russia’s state-controlled company Atomstroyexport and French firm Areva. General Electric was excluded from the tender earlier because it makes boiling water reactors, instead of pressurized water reactors. Energy Secretary Samuel W. Bodman of the United States and Ma Kai, the minister of China’s National Development and Reform Commission, signed a memorandum of understanding for the reactors in Beijing on Saturday. The deal calls for the state-owned China National Nuclear Corporation to buy the reactors from Westinghouse Electric, which the Toshiba Corporation, based in Tokyo, bought earlier this year. Neither side announced a value for the reactors. But outside analysts have suggested the total price tag may be $5 billion to $8 billion. Some U.S. politicians have already expressed concern about the deal. Michael R. Wessel, a commissioner of the United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission, which was created by Congress to review bilateral relations, expressed concern on Sunday that based on the broad outlines of the deal, “it appears they are doing what other companies have done, which is to transfer the technology upfront.” Russia’s Atomstroyexport is currently working in China on building Tianwan NPP. The first power bloc began production of electricity in May 2006, while the second one is set to be commissioned in 2007. Tianwan NPP project boasts a lot of innovations from Russian nuclear scientists and technologists, but it was not enough to convince the Chinese government to award Russian company another deal. Nonetheless, the Russian company and its rivals still have a chance at further orders. The International Energy Agency predicted last month that by 2015 China’s nuclear power generation capacity would increase by 9,000 megawatts to 15,000 megawatts. Meanwhile, the four reactors ordered from Westinghouse will only account for 4,000 megawatt increase. Copyright © 2004 MOSNEWS.COM ***************************************************************** 28 Guardian Unlimited: Bush Signs Nuclear Deal With India From the Associated Press [UP] Monday December 18, 2006 7:31 PM AP Photo DCLJ101 By DEB RIECHMANN Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) - President Bush signed legislation on Monday to let America share its nuclear know-how and fuel with India even though New Delhi refuses to sign the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty. ``By helping India expand its use of safe nuclear energy, this bill lays the foundation for a new strategic partnership between our two nations that will help ease India's demands for fossil fuels and ease pressure on global markets,'' Bush said in a bill-signing ceremony at the White House. The bill carves out an exemption in U.S. law to allow civilian nuclear trade with India in exchange for Indian safeguards and inspections at its 14 civilian nuclear plants. Eight military plants, however, would remain off-limits to the inspections. The House and Senate had overwhelmingly approved the nuclear cooperation bill, giving Bush a foreign policy victory at a time when the administration is struggling to come up with a new approach to the unpopular war in Iraq Critics worry the agreement could spark a nuclear arms race in Asia by boosting India's atomic arsenal. They also argue that the measure undermines international efforts to prevent states like Iran and North Korea from acquiring nuclear weapons. In Beijing on Monday, North Korea defiantly declared itself a nuclear power at the start of the first full international arms talks since its atomic test in July and threatened to increase its arsenal if its demands were not met. The White House said it was willing to make an exception for India, the world's largest democracy, because it had protected its nuclear technology and not been a proliferator. ``India has conducted its civilian nuclear energy program in a safe and responsible way for decades,'' Bush said. ``Now, in return for access to American technology, India has agreed to open its civilian nuclear power program to international inspection.'' The administration also argued it was a good deal because while India's military plants that work with nuclear material would not be subjected to inspections, there would be international oversight for the civilian program, which has been secret since India entered the nuclear age in 1974. ``After 30 years outside the system, India will now operate its civilian nuclear energy program under internationally accepted guidelines and the world is going to be safer as a result,'' the president said. The Bush administration said the pact deepens ties with a democratic Asia power, but was not designed as a counterweight to the rising power of China. ``We don't have a policy that would build up a relationship with India to contain China,'' Undersecretary of State Nicholas Burns told reporters before the bill signing. Bush said the law would make it possible for India, the world's fifth-largest consumer of energy, to reduce emissions and improve its environment. India, whose demand for electricity is expected to double by 2015, currently produced nearly 70 percent of its electricity by burning coal, which produces air pollution and greenhouse gases. The deal also could be a boon for American companies that have been barred from selling reactors and material to India where the economy has more than doubled in size since 1991. In New Delhi, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh defended the nuclear deal, rejecting strong opposition from critics that it would lead to the dismantling of India's atomic weapons. He said he had some concerns about the legislation, but that they would be dealt with during technical negotiations on an overall U.S.-India cooperation agreement. ``The United States has assured us that the bill would enable it to meet its commitments'' made in agreements struck in July 2005 and in March by Bush and Singh. Singh said India would not accept new conditions and its nuclear weapons program would not be subject to interference of any kind because the agreement with the United States dealt with civil nuclear cooperation. Earlier, opposition leader L.K. Advani of the Bharatiya Janata Party said India should not accept the U.S. legislation, saying that the deal would prevent India from conducting nuclear tests in the future. India conducted its first nuclear test in 1974 and followed it up with a series of nuclear tests in 1998. ``The primary objective is to cap, roll back and ultimately eliminate its (India's) nuclear weapons capability,'' Advani warned. Before civil nuclear trade can begin, several hurdles remain. American and Indian officials need to work out a separate technical nuclear cooperation agreement, expected to be finished next year. The two countries must now obtain an exception for India in the rules of the Nuclear Suppliers Group, an assembly of nations that export nuclear material. Indian officials must also negotiate a safeguard agreement with the IAEA. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 29 AFP: Bush set to sign controversial nuclear deal with India - by P. Parameswaran Mon Dec 18, 8:34 AM ET WASHINGTON, Dec 18, 2006 (AFP) - US President George W. Bush " /> President George W. Bushwill sign into law a landmark civilian nuclear agreement with India, but experts say the two nations are bracing for tough negotiations on the nuts and bolts of the complex deal. The deal finally sailed through the US Congress on 09 December allowing the export of civilian nuclear fuel and technology to India for the first time in the more than 30 years since the Asian country first tested a nuclear device. White House spokesman Tony Snow said the deal "reflects not only the growing importance of India as a partner and ally with the United States, but I think we have the growing importance of the United States, also, as an ally with India." Even so, experts said, there were significant hurdles to be crossed. "There are still many steps before it becomes something that is complete," Michael Levi, a science and technology expert at the Council on Foreign Relations, a respected US think tank, told AFP. They include devising a bilateral agreement incorporating all technical details of the deal as well as nuclear safeguards for India that must be endorsed by the international community. Popularly known as a "123 Agreement," the bilateral pact will be the sole binding document defining the terms of the anticipated nuclear commerce arising from the deal, which the US Chamber of Commerce says could open up a whopping 100 billion dollars in opportunities for American businesses. The bilateral agreement will have to be approved again by the US Congress, to be controlled next year by Democrats known for their strong non-proliferation views. "The completion of a 123 Agreement is really a codification of the major and difficult decisions we have already made," said Nicholas Burns, the top US negotiator of the nuclear deal. "And, of course, there is a long process towards the finish line, but it is not going to be, in my judgment, as difficult as the last 18 months," he said of the deal, agreed by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and US President George W. Bush way back in July 2005. One key component of the bilateral agreement is nuclear safeguards, which India, a non-signatory of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), would be subject to under a separate agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency " /> International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA), the global nuclear watchdog. The other is the guidelines governing civilian nuclear commerce to be drawn up with the 45-nation Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). The pace of the negotiations for the bilateral pact would depend on how far the Indians will go in accepting IAEA safeguards aimed at ensuring that New Delhi does not use any US nuclear materials or technology to expand its military nuclear arsenal. "I think the primary obstacles going forward are in crafting an appropriate safeguards agreement with the IAEA and an appropriate agreement at the NSG," Levi said. "The main point of conflict is over how permanent the safeguards will be," he said. India first agreed for the safeguards to be permanent but now is asking for an exception if bilateral nuclear cooperation is scrapped in the future, Levi said. Washington stopped nuclear cooperation with India after it conducted its first nuclear test in 1974. Under the US legislation passed last week, if Indian conducts another nuclear test, the US president "must terminate all export and reexport of US-origin nuclear materials, nuclear equipment, and sensitive nuclear technology to India." Indian atomic scientists and military officials are wholly opposed to a moratorium on nuclear testing, and likely will declare this provision a deal-breaker, said Stratfor, a leading US security consulting intelligence agency. The other "big sticking point" for India, it said, was a US provision -- although non-binding -- on securing New Delhi's cooperation in containing Iran " /> Iran's sensitive nuclear program. "Though the requirement has been watered down, the mere inclusion of an Iran clause will be cause for protest by India's vocal leftist parties," which provide needed support for India's ruling Congress-led coalition, Strat for said. The US Congress created a rare exception for India from some of the requirements of the US Atomic Energy Act, which currently prohibits nuclear sales to non-NPT signatories. "But before the waiver can come into effect, the US President has to certify that the IAEA and NSG agreements with India meet certain standards," Levi said. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 30 AFP: Bush signs US-India pact, hails ties by Olivier Knox Mon Dec 18, 7:04 PM ET WASHINGTON (AFP) - US President George W. Bush " /> signed a landmark civilian nuclear deal with India, hailing the controversial pact as a sign of warm ties between the world's two largest democracies. "The relationship between the United States and India has never been more vital, and this bill will help us meet the energy and security challenges of the 21st Century," Bush said at a White House signing ceremony. The agreement creates a rare exception to US law in order to pave the way for US sales of nuclear fuel and know-how to India for the first time since Delhi tested a nuclear device in 1974, becoming an international atomic pariah. Such transfers still require approval from the UN nuclear watchdog agency, the 45-country Nuclear Suppliers Group, and the US Congress to pass a new bilateral agreement laying out the nuts and bolts of the accord. Some critics warn that exempting India from the US ban on nuclear exports to countries that have not signed the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) may hurt US efforts to confront North Korea " /> and Iran " /> over their atomic ambitions. Washington is currently pushing Pyongyang in six-country talks to dismantle its nuclear weapons programs, while pressing for UN sanctions against Tehran over its refusal to heed world demands to freeze sensitive nuclear work. Bush and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh agreed to the deal during Singh's July 2005 visit to Washington, and the US Congress approved the arrangement on December 9 after often contentious debate. The two countries now face tough talks on the details of the complex deal -- though US Under Secretary of State Nicholas Burns told reporters Monday that it may be possible to tie up the diplomatic loose ends by mid-2007. "If we're in fifth gear and move real fast at the beginning of 2007? I would hope we could do all that in six months," he said, adding that the pact highlighted "the emergence of India as a global power." US critics have charged that the pact erodes non-proliferation efforts because it leaves eight of India's 22 nuclear plants outside a safeguards and inspections regime that will not cover the country's military programs. Indian critics worried about US sway over Indian foreign policy, pointing to the deal's required moratorium on atomic testing by Delhi and a clause calling on India to help pressure Iran over its nuclear programs. In New Delhi, Singh told lawmakers that the final agreement contained elements that "continue to cause concern" and vowed to "seek full civil nuclear cooperation on the terms acceptable to us" in subsequent negotiations. Popularly known as a "123 Agreement," the bilateral pact will be the sole binding document defining the terms of the anticipated nuclear commerce arising from the deal, which the US Chamber of Commerce says could open up a whopping 100 billion dollars in opportunities for American businesses. The bilateral agreement will have to be approved again by the US Congress, which will be controlled next year by Democrats, who are known for their strong non-proliferation views. "This deal is an historic mistake," said Democratic Representative Ed Markey. "The bill that President Bush " /> has signed today may well become the death warrant to the international nuclear nonproliferation regime." One key component of the bilateral agreement is nuclear safeguards, which India would be subject to under a separate agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency " /> (IAEA), the UN nuclear watchdog. The other component are guidelines governing civilian nuclear commerce to be drawn up with the Nuclear Suppliers Group. The pace of the negotiations for the bilateral pact would depend on how far the Indians will go in accepting IAEA safeguards aimed at ensuring that New Delhi does not use any US nuclear materials or technology to expand its military nuclear arsenal. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 31 UPI: United States, China agree on reactor sale United Press International - NewsTrack - 12/18/2006 9:56:00 AM -0500 HONG KONG, Dec. 18 (UPI) -- The United States has given its OK for China to buy four Westinghouse nuclear reactors, it was reported Monday. While no sale price was given, The New York Times said outside analysts place value as high as $8 billion. U.S. Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman and Ma Kai, China's National Development and Reform Commission minister, signed a memo of understanding for the reactors in Beijing on Saturday. Under the plan, state-owned China National Nuclear Corporation would buy the reactors from Westinghouse Electric, now owned by Tokyo's Toshiba. There was some concern voiced over the deal. Michael R. Wessel, a commissioner of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, said such deals limit long-term benefits to the United States while clearly helping China. © Copyright 2006 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 32 Guardian Unlimited: Key Provisions of India Nuclear Deal From the Associated Press [UP] Monday December 18, 2006 5:16 PM By The Associated Press Key provisions of a bill signed by President Bush on Monday for nuclear cooperation with India: -Allows U.S. shipments of civilian nuclear fuel and know-how to India, providing an exemption to American law that bans nuclear trade with countries such as India that have not submitted to full international inspections. -Requires Indian safeguards and inspections at 14 civilian nuclear plants. Eight military plants would be off-limits. -The United States and India must obtain an exception for India in the rules of the Nuclear Suppliers Group, an assembly of nations that export nuclear material. -Indian officials must also negotiate a safeguard agreement with the U.N. nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 33 RIA Novosti: Germany returns shipment of enriched uranium to Russia 18/ 12/ 2006 MOSCOW, December 18 (RIA Novosti) - A Russian cargo plane carrying around 330 kilograms (730 lbs) of enriched uranium from Germany has landed at an airport near Moscow, Russia's nuclear watchdog said Monday. The uranium was supplied to the Rossendorf nuclear research center, shut down in 1991, as part of bilateral cooperation agreements between the former Soviet Union and former East Germany, the Federal Nuclear Power Agency said in a statement. The one million euro ($1.31 million) relocation, funded by Germany, falls under the Russian Research Reactor Fuel Return (RRRFR) program, designed to reduce global stockpiles of highly enriched uranium. The shipment includes about 268 kilograms (590 lbs) of highly enriched uranium and 58 kilograms (128 lbs) of low-enriched uranium, and is set to be used at one of Russia's nuclear power plants. The weekly storage cost of the uranium at the Rossendorf center was 92,000 euros ($120,000), including spending on security. Therefore, the authorities of Germany's Saxony region are interested in relocating of all its "nuclear legacy," estimated at around 4,500 kilograms (9,900 lbs), to its ex-Soviet supplier. The program will end in 2011. Since 2004, Russia has also repatriated new highly enriched uranium from Soviet-built plants in eight other countries -- Serbia, Romania, the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Libya, Latvia, Poland and Uzbekistan. © 2005 RIA Novosti ***************************************************************** 34 [NukeNet] U.S. To Ship Tons of Uranium Across Globe for Nuke Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2006 15:00:49 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (borg.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) http://tpr.typepad.com/thepeacockreport/2006/11/us_to_ship_tons.html U.S. To Ship Tons of Uranium Across Globe for Nuke Energy Production November 24, 2006 The Peacock Report Over 17 metric tons of highly enriched uranium (HEU) are slated for transfer into the hands of private contractors, whom under the auspices of the U.S. Dept. of Energy program will "down-blend" the weapons-grade material into nuclear reactor-friendly low-enriched uranium (LEU) -- which would then be shipped to foreign nations. The purported goal of the project is to dissuade other countries from pursuing uranium enrichment weapons-development programs, a measure which the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) hopes to accomplish by providing those nations with the products necessary to move forward with nuclear energy initiatives. The Reliable Fuel Supply program seeks to "ensure reliable access to nuclear fuel feedstock for power reactors in foreign countries...," according to a planning document that TPR located through a routine search of the FedBizOpps database. The Nov. 8 document further notes that "This material will provide a significant reserve that will increase the confidence of countries voluntarily choosing not to pursue enrichment and reprocessing that they will not risk losing the benefits of nuclear power." The selected contractor will convert 17.5 MT of the highly enriched uranium into 40 MT of the low-enriched uranium, it said. NNSA's Office of Fissile Materials Disposition will oversee the activities of the vendor, who likewise will be responsible for transporting "a substantial majority" of the resulting low enriched uranium to an unnamed, designated storage facility. NNSA did not specify what percentage of this "substantial majority" of LEU would be shipped internationally. Similarly, it vaguely noted that "much" of this reprocessed uranium would be given to the contractor as compensation for its efforts, in addition to the execution of a "property loan agreement" to conduct the operation. The agency plans to release a formal Request for Proposals for this endeavor sometime in late December or early January. It also said it expects to award a five-year contract by April or May 2007. _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://mail.energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 35 Litvinenko 'killed over dossier' on senior Putin ally Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2006 08:59:15 -0600 (CST) X-Sender-Host-Name: chumbly.math.missouri.edu X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM http://news.independent.co.uk/europe/article2081649.ece Independent/UK 17 December 2006 14:57 * Home o > News + > Europe Litvinenko 'killed over dossier' on senior Putin ally By Raymond Whitaker Published: 17 December 2006 Alexander Litvinenko was murdered by radioactive poisoning because of a dossier he had compiled on a high-ranking Russian figure close to President Vladimir Putin, another former agent claimed yesterday. Yuri Shvets, an ex-spy based in the United States, said Mr Litvinenko, who died in a London hospital on 23 November from poisoning by Polonium-210, had been employed by a British company to provide information on five potential Russian clients before they committed to investment. He had helped the former KGB man with information on one of the five. In an interview with the BBC, Mr Shvets said the report had led to the British company pulling out of a deal, losing the Russian figure potential earnings of "dozens of millions of dollars". Neither the Russian nor the British company was named, but asked whether the report had lead to Mr Litvinenko's death, he replied: "I can't be 100 per cent sure, but I am pretty sure." Scotland Yard, which sent a team of nine detectives to Russia to investigate the murder, has a copy of the dossier. The BBC said it had obtained extracts, which contained damaging personal details about a "very highly placed member of Putin's administration". More than three weeks after Mr Litvinenko died agonisingly, and a month and a half after he first complained of being poisoned, the trail constantly leads back to Russia, where he served in the KGB and its successor organisation, the FSB. He came to Britain in 2000 after alleging that he had been ordered to assassinate Boris Berezovsky, a hugely rich oligarch who fell out with the Kremlin and also sought refuge in Britain. According to associates, Mr Litvinenko blamed Mr Putin for his poisoning before he died. The Kremlin has denied involvement, and sent its chief spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, to Britain last week to dampen speculation in the British media. Although the British Government had not fallen for "media hysteria", he told The Independent on Sunday, Russia's reputation was in jeopardy because of what he termed "Cold War thinking". The Kremlin has sought to portray Mr Litvinenko as a low-level operative who did not have any information that would have made it worthwhile killing him. On Friday the Defence Minister, Sergei Ivanov, said he had never been a spy, but an ex-prison guard who had been sacked by the FSB amid questions over his integrity and honesty. "He had no training, not much intellect and a tendency for provocation," Mr Ivanov said. "His character was not right". He was fired during Mr Putin's brief spell as head of the FSB. According to the Kremlin, only those who wanted to discredit Russia would have reason to murder Mr Litvinenko. Privately, however, Russian officials concede that it is impossible to rule out involvement by well-connected Russians in the affair, though they insist that none of them hold official positions in the Kremlin or the FSB. Investigators following the trail of radiation from the Polonium-210 that killed Mr Litvinenko are focusing on a meeting he held with Moscow-based associates at the Millennium Hotel in London's Grosvenor Square on 1 November, the day he fell ill. German police have discovered that Dmitry Kovtun, one of the men at the meeting, left radiation traces in Hamburg before he came on to London. But there are indications that Polonium-210 may have been brought to Britain as early as mid-October, when the ex-FSB man held the first of a series of meetings with Andrei Lugovoy, a former colleague whom he had known for many years. Mr Lugovoy too has left traces of radiation in several places, including the British Embassy in Moscow. According to Mr Shvets, Mr Litvinenko showed a copy of the dossier to Mr Lugovoy in late September or early October, adding: "I believe that triggered the entire assassination." He claimed Mr Lugovoy was still employed by the FSB, and had leaked the dossier to the Russian figure. Mr Lugovoy has repeatedly denied having anything to do with Mr Litvinenko's death. On Friday he told AP that when he spoke to the Scotland Yard detectives in Moscow it was as a witness, rather than as a suspect. "Police are not accusing me of anything," he said. "As for all that is being said - it's nothing but hysteria in the media." Alexander Litvinenko was murdered by radioactive poisoning because of a dossier he had compiled on a high-ranking Russian figure close to President Vladimir Putin, another former agent claimed yesterday. Yuri Shvets, an ex-spy based in the United States, said Mr Litvinenko, who died in a London hospital on 23 November from poisoning by Polonium-210, had been employed by a British company to provide information on five potential Russian clients before they committed to investment. He had helped the former KGB man with information on one of the five. In an interview with the BBC, Mr Shvets said the report had led to the British company pulling out of a deal, losing the Russian figure potential earnings of "dozens of millions of dollars". Neither the Russian nor the British company was named, but asked whether the report had lead to Mr Litvinenko's death, he replied: "I can't be 100 per cent sure, but I am pretty sure." Scotland Yard, which sent a team of nine detectives to Russia to investigate the murder, has a copy of the dossier. The BBC said it had obtained extracts, which contained damaging personal details about a "very highly placed member of Putin's administration". More than three weeks after Mr Litvinenko died agonisingly, and a month and a half after he first complained of being poisoned, the trail constantly leads back to Russia, where he served in the KGB and its successor organisation, the FSB. He came to Britain in 2000 after alleging that he had been ordered to assassinate Boris Berezovsky, a hugely rich oligarch who fell out with the Kremlin and also sought refuge in Britain. According to associates, Mr Litvinenko blamed Mr Putin for his poisoning before he died. The Kremlin has denied involvement, and sent its chief spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, to Britain last week to dampen speculation in the British media. Although the British Government had not fallen for "media hysteria", he told The Independent on Sunday, Russia's reputation was in jeopardy because of what he termed "Cold War thinking". The Kremlin has sought to portray Mr Litvinenko as a low-level operative who did not have any information that would have made it worthwhile killing him. On Friday the Defence Minister, Sergei Ivanov, said he had never been a spy, but an ex-prison guard who had been sacked by the FSB amid questions over his integrity and honesty. "He had no training, not much intellect and a tendency for provocation," Mr Ivanov said. "His character was not right". He was fired during Mr Putin's brief spell as head of the FSB. According to the Kremlin, only those who wanted to discredit Russia would have reason to murder Mr Litvinenko. Privately, however, Russian officials concede that it is impossible to rule out involvement by well-connected Russians in the affair, though they insist that none of them hold official positions in the Kremlin or the FSB. Investigators following the trail of radiation from the Polonium-210 that killed Mr Litvinenko are focusing on a meeting he held with Moscow-based associates at the Millennium Hotel in London's Grosvenor Square on 1 November, the day he fell ill. German police have discovered that Dmitry Kovtun, one of the men at the meeting, left radiation traces in Hamburg before he came on to London. But there are indications that Polonium-210 may have been brought to Britain as early as mid-October, when the ex-FSB man held the first of a series of meetings with Andrei Lugovoy, a former colleague whom he had known for many years. Mr Lugovoy too has left traces of radiation in several places, including the British Embassy in Moscow. According to Mr Shvets, Mr Litvinenko showed a copy of the dossier to Mr Lugovoy in late September or early October, adding: "I believe that triggered the entire assassination." He claimed Mr Lugovoy was still employed by the FSB, and had leaked the dossier to the Russian figure. Mr Lugovoy has repeatedly denied having anything to do with Mr Litvinenko's death. On Friday he told AP that when he spoke to the Scotland Yard detectives in Moscow it was as a witness, rather than as a suspect. "Police are not accusing me of anything," he said. "As for all that is being said - it's nothing but hysteria in the media." ***************************************************************** 36 Too much radiation in child CT scans Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2006 01:16:53 -0600 (CST) X-Sender-Host-Name: chumbly.math.missouri.edu X-DSPAM-Result: mail; result="Innocent"; class="Innocent"; probability=0.0000; confidence=1.00; signature=N/A X-Spam-Class: HAM Too much radiation in child CT scans At least two Ontario hospitals exposed young patients to high levels, report says Dec. 6, 2006. 01:00 AM ROB FERGUSON QUEEN'S PARK BUREAU Some children getting CT scans at two Ontario hospitals have been getting excessive doses of radiation, putting them at greater risk of developing cancer later in life, the province's auditor general warns. The problem was found at the Peterborough Regional Health Centre and Grand River Hospital in Kitchener and raises questions about what is happening elsewhere in Ontario, the auditor-general's report said. "Staff at the two hospitals we visited ... indicated that in close to 50 per cent of selected cases, the appropriate equipment settings for children were not used," Jim McCarter wrote. "The children were exposed to more radiation than necessary." Giving a small child an adult dose of radiation in a CT scan can actually deliver the same amount of radiation as 4,000 traditional X-rays, McCarter told a news conference at Queen's Park. "We thought it was a pretty important issue ... Our concern is there's not enough awareness out there in the community." The number of children affected was not available, but the risk increases as the number of CT scans rises because children's organs are developing and more susceptible to damage. "There's a lot of research out there that increased exposure to radiation, over time, especially over decades, can cause radiation-induced cancer," McCarter said, noting 94 per cent of pediatricians surveyed were unaware of how much X-ray radiation patients are bombarded with in a CT scan. However, medical experts said CT scans remain valuable diagnostic tools because they use X-rays to create 3-D images of a patient's insides, giving doctors a better view of head injuries, chest trauma, cancer and fractures. McCarter's report said hospitals need to improve their management and use of both CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging and noted that at some hospitals they were not being used on weekends. The revelation about radiation doses put Health Minister George Smitherman on the defensive, with opposition parties demanding to know what worried moms and dads should do. "They want to know, `Is my child going to be safe?'" Progressive Conservative Leader John Tory said. Smitherman said the health ministry has been aware of the issue and formed a "diagnostic image safety committee" of doctors and experts from across the province last September to come up with standards and "do a more appropriate job" of tracking radiation levels. "This is getting our attention," he added. Tory said a bulletin should be sent to all hospitals right away. Later yesterday, an aide to Smitherman said the health ministry will be "communicating with hospitals to reinforce the issues raised in the auditor-general's report." The chief of staff at the Peterborough hospital said the hospital welcomes McCarter's report and is reviewing its procedures, but maintained excessive doses of radiation are not the norm. The larger the patient, the more radiation is needed to get an image to diagnose the condition, be it an adult or child, said Dr. Peter McLaughlin. "Our technicians are trained to tailor each dose to be the least possible for that size of patient." He added radiation doses are "not straightforward," for example, because younger children who move around more on the CT table will need higher doses to get a useful image than kids who lie still. That's when technicians, who receive years of training and must be certified, make a "judgment call," McLaughlin said. Parents of children who've had CT scans should not be unduly worried unless their kids have had a lot of them, said a biomedical engineer at the University Health Network. "I want to make sure people don't panic and stop having CTs," said Tony Easty, who has a doctorate in his field and serves on the government's new committee studying the issue raised in the auditor's report. "If it were my child going for a CT scan, I would simply ask the people doing the scan if they're using a pediatric protocol," he added, meaning a child's dose. "That's a reasonable question for any parent to ask." A problem with Ontario's medical system and most others is that there is no central registry for tracking how much radiation patients get from X-rays, CT scans and other radiation-based diagnostic imaging in their lifetimes, Easty added. "This is an emerging international issue," said McLaughlin. "We would all welcome standard guidelines." http://www.thestar.com/NASApp/cs/ContentServer?pagename=thestar/Layout/Article_Type1&call_pageid=971358637177&c=Article&cid=1165359015217 ***************************************************************** 37 BBC: Germany sends uranium to Russia Last Updated: Monday, 18 December 2006 [Container of uranium being loaded onto Russian plane at Dresden airport] An armoured lorry was used to bring the uranium to the plane A large consignment of uranium - most of it highly enriched - has been flown to Russia from eastern Germany. Anti-nuclear protesters forced a convoy carrying the uranium to take a detour on its way to Dresden airport. The protesters - about 30 in all - were heavily outnumbered by police escorting the uranium from a long-decommissioned research reactor at Rossendorf. It is going to a reprocessing centre at Podolsk, outside Moscow. The shipment is part of a nuclear safety programme. It is not clear if the uranium is sufficiently enriched to make a nuclear bomb. The consignment of about 300kg (660 pounds) includes 200kg of uranium. A Russian transport plane took off with it early on Monday. The fuel belonged to a research reactor built by the Soviet Union in the former East Germany, which was shut down in 1991, a year after German reunification. The plan is to mix the highly enriched uranium with low-grade uranium - part of an international programme to prevent nuclear materials falling into the wrong hands. The transfer was organised under a US-Russian programme of co-operation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), called the Global Threat Reduction Initiative. ***************************************************************** 38 Prague Daily Monitor: Radioactivity level of Nalzovice waste not alarming - SUJB head Prague/Mnichovo Hradiste, Central Bohemia, Dec 16 (CTK) - The level of radioactivity of the chemical substances found in a former agricultural building in Nalzovice, central Bohemia, are raised, but not alarming, State Authority for Nuclear Safety (SUJB) director Dana Drabova told CTK today. "No danger is threatening," she said, adding that the chemicals are fortunately well packaged. They have been removed tonight and they will be taken care of by the Administration of radioactive waste storage facilities. It will take one to a few days to examine the samples taken, Drabova said. SUJB experts will determine whether the substances are not uranium compounds that are subject of the international control regime, she added. Central Bohemian governor Petr Bendl also said earlier today that according to experts, the locals do not face any danger and that nothing indicates for the time being that earth and water had been contaminated. Nalzovice mayor Jana Psenickova informed police about the possible existence of dangerous chemicals in the building on Thursday when she found out that the building had been opened. A special chemical unit of firefighters has detected only a minimal leak of chemicals into the air that was probably caused when the barrels in which the poisons are deposited were manipulated with. Psenickova allegedly informed the regional office of her suspicion in 2004 already, but sanitary officers found nothing dangerous. ms/dr This story copyright 2006 CTK Czech News Agency. Prague Daily Monitor ***************************************************************** 39 Radio New Zealand: Nuclear Claims Tribunal awards compensation to Marshalls atoll Posted at 7:53am on 19 Dec 2006 The Nuclear Claims Tribunal has awarded more than 307 million US dollars to a group of islanders dusted with fallout from America's biggest hydrogen bomb test in the Pacific. But with the Majuro-based Tribunal's nuclear investment trust fund virtually exhausted, islanders from Utrik Atoll will not receive any of this compensation award unless the United States government does an about face and agrees to provide additional funds. The Tribunal¹s award for Utrik Atoll comes as islanders from Bikini and Enewetak atolls seek to convince a U.S. Federal Court of Claims judge to hear their billion dollar lawsuits despite a U.S. Justice Department motion to dismiss the court cases. Bikini and Enewetak were the ground zeroes of 67 nuclear tests between 1946 and 1958. A ruling on the appeal is expected soon after the New Year. U.S. government officials say that the U.S. has already provided full and final nuclear test compensation through an agreement funded by the U.S. government in 1986 that established the Nuclear Claims Tribunal and ultimately provided it with about 80 million to compensate health and land damage claims. But the Tribunal awarded more than 90 million in health injury cases and more than one point two billion in land damage awards for Bikini, Enewetak and Utrik. Copyright © 2006 Radio New Zealand International ***************************************************************** 40 [NukeNet] Yucca Mtn - Balance may shift for waste to stay put Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2006 15:01:26 -0800 X-Nohoney: yes white-hard - relay H=adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net (borg.energy-net.org) [63.203.231.61] X-Sender-Host-Address: 63.203.231.61 X-Sender-Host-Name: adsl-63-203-231-61.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net X-Spam-Class: HAM-VERY-WHITELIST NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) Posted on Sun, Dec. 17, 2006 11edf6.jpg11ee09.jpg 11ee1d.jpg 11ee2f.jpg http://www.sanluisobispo.com/mld/sanluisobispotribune/16260286.htm NOTE: Please follow link and click on the poll then vote! Balance may shift for waste to stay put By David Whitney dwhitney@mcclatchydc.com WASHINGTON — A few years ago the idea seemed unthinkable: Highly radioactive waste should be stored above ground at nuclear power plants. The spent fuel needed to be stored underground, where it would take centuries to decay. Yucca Mountain, 100 miles from Las Vegas, was the place to build such a repository, Congress reaffirmed in 2002 by wide margins. But now, despite strong bipartisan support in Congress for Yucca Mountain, the unthinkable is being rethought — accelerated in part by the elections that propelled Democrats into power. The new majority leader of the Senate, Nevadan Harry Reid, pledged that Yucca Mountain will never open. Californian Barbara Boxer, the new chairwoman of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, couldn’t agree more. Both think nuclear waste should stay right where it is — at the power plants — at least until better waste technology comes along. "There’s no rush to put it some place that’s dangerous," Boxer said. Work is already under way on above-ground storage facilities at some plants. Crews are building thick concrete casks at Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant, storage that is meant to be temporary until Yucca Mountain opens. But company officials say the facilities could function on a longer term. More than 100 national and state environmental groups — including the Sierra Club, Greenpeace and the Natural Resources Defense Council — coalesced in September behind a set of principles that includes permanent storage of used fuel at the reactor sites. "The problem is the concept that the public wants the waste moved," said Michele Boyd, legislative director and nuclear expert at Public Citizen. "That’s a 20-year-old concept." Even the nuclear power industry is giving ground. It still wants Yucca Mountain opened but is willing to allow taxes that plant operators pay into a fund for that facility to be used for interim storage — a kind of euphemism for above-ground storage until casks can be reopened and old fuel assemblies reprocessed into new fuel. Nuclear Energy Institute President Frank L. Bowman told the Senate environment committee in September that surface-level interim storage can "instill public confidence in the waste management program." The Energy Department is eight years late in a federal mandate to open an underground repository. Deputy Energy Secretary Clay Sell recently estimated that it could be decades before Yucca Mountain opens. Storage for a century Shawn Cooper, a spokesman for Diablo Canyon owner Pacific Gas and Electric Co., said the utility is still hopeful Yucca Mountain will open some day. But as long as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission licenses cask storage, the waste could be at Diablo Canyon well into the next century, safely venting heat from the decaying fuel into the brisk winds blowing off the Pacific Ocean. "It’s called temporary dry cask storage," he said, "but the canisters can hold the waste 100 years." Jill ZamEk, a leader of nuclear watchdog group San Luis Obispo Mothers for Peace, was one of the signers of the environmentalists’ principles in September. Mothers for Peace is fighting to force a rearrangement of the dry casks so they would better survive a terrorist attack, and the Supreme Court soon will decide whether to hear that case. "We want the Diablo Canyon plant shut down," ZamEk said. But when it comes to the plant’s waste, she said, "the risk of transporting it is so great it needs to stay where it is." Rep. Lois Capps, D-Santa Barbara, whose district includes Diablo Canyon, also agrees that the waste should stay put, but with more security to protect it. "I believe that we should actually be beefing up security against potential terrorism and improving safety to prevent accidents at all nuclear facilities around the country," she said in a statement. Commercial nuclear power plants in the United States are guarded by paramilitary forces armed with semiautomatic assault weapons. Since the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, these forces have been beefed up at all nuclear plants and extra security precautions have been put in place. These precautions include sensors to detect intruders and barriers to prevent truck bombs from getting close to the reactors. Once in operation, Diablo Canyon’s dry cask storage facility would be guarded in the same manner as the reactors. Debate over Yucca Among Sen. Boxer’s biggest concerns about Yucca Mountain is that it’s not as impermeable to water as initially thought. Sophisticated testing has shown that water percolates through its caverns and heads toward the Colorado River. "Sixteen million Californians drink from that river," Boxer said. Jon Summers, Sen. Reid’s spokesman, said the senator will do all he can to make sure Yucca never opens because the site is unsuitable. Summers said the senator has introduced legislation directing the Energy Department to take possession of the waste at the plants and to store it there. The bill drew a sharp rebuke in January from the nuclear energy industry, which said it would only further undercut Yucca Mountain — which of course is what Reid wants. This year, the bill went nowhere. The outgoing chairman of the Senate environment committee, James Inhofe, R-Okla., has favored Yucca Mountain. But Boxer will lead the committee when the bill is reintroduced next year — and she likes it, or something like it. Her preference leans to on-site storage, with the possibility of building regional or state gathering places for some of it — like that at Rancho Seco near Sacramento, where the reactor was closed in 1989. Although a skeptic, Boxer also favors research into reprocessing — something that the environmentalists still oppose. If a way to safely reprocess nuclear waste could be found, Boxer said, it would help on the waste issue, produce new fuel for reactors and "make me feel more positive about nuclear power" as a pollution-free alternative for lowering greenhouse gas emissions. The United States banned the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel into new fuel during the presidency of Jimmy Carter, who was concerned that reprocessing could be used to create nuclear weapons, like Iran is now suspected of doing. The ban on reprocessing remains in effect. The end of Yucca? Driving the industry’s shifting attitude about waste storage is growing interest in building a new generation of nuclear plants since enactment of an energy bill offering generous government subsidies. Since Congress began working on an energy bill, there have been nearly three dozen planned applications for new reactors. The bill was signed into law in August, touching off what Sen. Pete Domenici, R-N.M., called a "nuclear renaissance." "I am a pragmatist," Boxer said. "The vast majority of the members on my committee support nuclear power, and so do the majority in the Senate. So my focus is on safety, security and research because I don’t think there is any question that we are going to be seeing new plants." Victor Gilinsky, who served on the Nuclear Regulatory Commission as an appointee of Presidents Ford and Carter from 1975 to 1984, said what’s under way is a reshaping of the waste debate that will eventually spell the end of Yucca Mountain. Gilinsky, who now consults for Nevada against the repository, said he was on the NRC when it began debating underground storage, and it was never about safety. "It was intended as a PR device," he said. The commission faced lawsuits by environmentalists trying to stop plant licensing, and he said the lack of a waste disposal plan was seen as a vulnerability in the courtroom. "Now that they have a possibility of building new reactors, they don’t want to be chained to this," Gilinsky said of the nuclear industry. "They are working their way around to saying that surface storage of the waste is a workable solution." David Whitney covers Central Coast issues for The Tribune from the McClatchy Washington Bureau - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "There is no flag large enough to cover the shame of killing innocent people for a purpose which is unattainable." : U.S. historian Howard Zinn, 1993 Molly Johnson 6290 Hawk Ridge Place San Miguel, CA 93451 Cell: 805 296-0524 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://mail.energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net Attachment Converted: 11edf6.jpg: 00000001,6213b644,00000000,00000000 Attachment Converted: 11ee09.jpg: 00000001,6213b645,00000000,00000000 Attachment Converted: 11ee1d.jpg: 00000001,6213b646,00000000,00000000 Attachment Converted: 11ee2f.jpg: 00000001,6213b647,00000000,00000000 ***************************************************************** 41 IRNA: Iran has 1,400 uranium mines - AEOI official - Tuesday December 19, 2006 Mashhad, Razavi Khorassan Prov, Dec 18, IRNA Iran-Uranium-Mine Iran has 1,400 uranium mines, an official at the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI) said here Monday. AEOI Deputy Head for Nuclear Fuel Hossein Faqihian made the the disclosure in an address to a conference introducing the nation's nuclear technologies and achievements in the northeastern city of Mashhad. "The mines are scattered in one-third of Iranian territory particularly in the central areas of Saghand, south of Bandar Abbas, Khashouri, Narigan and Zarigan," he said. He pointed out that nuclear energy is a good alternative to energy derived from non-renewable fossil fuels as they are cleaner and cause less environmental damage. "We need power plants and mastery of the nuclear fuel cycle as indispensable requirements for producing nuclear fuel. But the initial step is to have a sufficient supply of uranium to produce yellowcake. "The intial process is being carried out in Bandar Abbas (in southern Hormuzgan province) and in Ardekan (in central Yazd)," Faqihian said. He said that the third step involves a process of converting yellowcake into a new combination, adding that this process is being carried out at Isfahan's uranium conversion facility (UCF). "The fourth and most important step of the nuclear fuel cycle is enrichment," he said. "There are currently 10 countries in the world which are able to enrich uranium. The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of these." The AEOI official further said that "there are 450 nuclear power plants in the world which produce 300-1,000mw of electricity. "When Iran's Bushehr power plant becomes operational, it will have the capacity to produce 1,000mw of electricity." The AEOI deputy head stressed the importance of nuclear energy in civilian life and said Iran should not cower to the West's opposition to its peaceful nuclear program. ***************************************************************** 42 Nevada Appeal: DOE held no Yucca rail line meetings in Lyon County December 18, 2006 'Scoping' meeting not held in affected communities Karen Woodmansee Appeal Staff Writer, December 18, 2006 The Department of Energy is considering using a rail line that passes through the Lyon County communities of Silver Springs and Wabuska for the transport of nuclear waste to Yucca Mountain, but officials didn't hold a public meeting in that area. "We held a scoping meeting in Reno," said Allen Benson, director of External Affairs for the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste. "One could ask why we don't hold scoping meetings all over the country." Benson said the meeting was held in Reno because it was the population center of Northern Nevada. "We've gone far beyond the minimum requirement of the law in order to allow people to give public comments on what we should be looking at in trying to prepare this impact statement," he said. "There were a lot of locations that were not included." Lyon County emergency management director Jeff Page attended the Reno meeting, and said meeting officials didn't seem to know where the affected communities were located. "They thought Silver Springs and Fernley were in Washoe County," he said. "Our concern is folks locally didn't have the opportunity to comment." Since the session involved discussion of the Mina corridor from Hazen in Churchill County, through Silver Springs, Wabuska and south to Schurz, and didn't cover concerns about transporting the waste through Reno, Page said he saw no point to holding the meeting in Reno. Benson said the meetings were designed to look at a rail spur that will connect from Hawthorne to Yucca Mountain, not to discuss the route of the nuclear waste shipments. He added, "We certainly provide the citizens in the area of the rail spur with the ability to talk. That is the proposed action. This is a very defined project. That's all we're talking about." He said the Department of Energy held scoping meetings from Nov. 1 through Nov. 27 in Amargosa Valley, Caliente, Fallon, Goldfield, Hawthorne and Reno, but none were held in Lyon County. Lyon County commissioners and Fernley officials both plan to send a letter of complaint about the absence of meetings in the affected communities. The Mina route to transport 77,000 tons of nuclear waste to the proposed facility at Yucca Mountain was considered in 1989. However, the Walker River Paiute Tribe would not allow nuclear waste transportation on the track it owns from Wabuska to Schurz. This year, the tribe gave the federal government permission to include the stretch in an environmental impact study. The other route under consideration is the Caliente corridor in Southern Nevada. • Contact reporter Karen Woodmansee at or 882-2111, ext. 351. All contents © Copyright 2006 nevadaappeal.com Nevada Appeal - 580 Mallory Way - Carson City, NV 89701 ***************************************************************** 43 Nevada Appeal: Rail line to Yucca divides small towns December 18, 2006 Proposed route would pass by Silver Springs BRAD HORN/Nevada Appeal June Mick looks out her bedroom window at the train tracks the Energy Department is studying as a possible rail line to transport nuclear waste to Yucca Mountain. Mick moved to Silver Springs from south Florida with her husband six month ago. ED VOGEL Las Vegas Review-Journal December 18, 2006 SILVER SPRINGS - June Mick fled to this rural Lyon County community six months ago to get away from the crime and high costs of south Florida. She and her husband paid $230,000 for a manufactured home and 4.7 acres of jackrabbits and sagebrush near an infrequently used railroad track. Only recently did Mick learn the track in her backyard was under study as the rail line on which Energy Department trains would carry high-level nuclear waste to Yucca Mountain. "I don't want that stuff," she said. "What if there is an accident? There is no telling what could happen." Mick's thoughts were shared by neighbors a few blocks away. Retired Navy veteran Robert Brittain moved to his track-side Silver Springs home last year. Ruth Curtis purchased her manufactured home 16 years ago. "I'm pro-military. But I don't care for Yucca Mountain. Ammunition is different. It's for national security," Brittain said. "Nuclear waste?" Curtis questioned, then answered herself: "Oh, no." Ninety percent of homeowners interviewed in Silver Springs oppose the proposal to haul nuclear waste to Yucca Mountain through their inexpensive but rapidly growing community. They've found peace and quiet in Silver Springs' wide-open spaces. They knew trains have occasionally carried bombs past their homes to the Army Ammunition Depot at Hawthorne since the 1930s. But they were not aware that the Energy Department was considering using the same tracks to carry waste from commercial nuclear power plants across the country to Yucca Mountain, 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas. State laws require county planning departments to notify homeowners when new developments are planned in their neighborhoods, but the federal government isn't obliged to notify people when it wants to haul radioactive waste through their backyards. The Energy Department placed advertisements in Fallon's Lahontan Valley News about a recent hearing at which residents could discuss the railroad plan, but in Silver Springs, news travels largely by word of mouth. Whether hauling 77,000 tons of radioactive waste within a few yards of Silver Springs' bedrooms poses any danger depends on whom you ask. Bob Loux, executive director of the state Agency for Nuclear Projects, said a terrorist with a shoulder-held, anti-tank missile launcher could put a hole in a cask containing nuclear waste. "If 1 percent of the cargo escaped, it would contaminate a 42 square-mile area and take a couple of decades and $8 billion to $10 billion to clean up," Loux said. It is not just Silver Springs residents who have reason for concern, he added. Trains from power plants will move along the main Union Pacific line paralleling Interstate 80 from the east and west. Nuclear waste would be hauled through downtown Reno. The nuclear trains would veer off the Union Pacific line north of Fallon and head more than 300 miles south to Yucca Mountain along a route near U.S. Highway 95 that goes through Silver Springs and close to the rural communities of Schurz, Hawthorne, Mina, Tonopah and Goldfield. Costs of constructing this "Mina Corridor" route, including laying 209 miles of track from Hawthorne to Yucca Mountain, have been estimated at more than $1 billion. Allen Benson, director of external affairs for the Energy Department's Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, does not share Loux's alarm. He noted the federal government has been hauling nuclear waste by truck for 50 years with no problems, including more than 4,000 shipments to the Waste Isolation Pilot Project in New Mexico. "The safety record is quite remarkable," Benson said. Benson noted the waste going to Yucca Mountain would be in solid, not liquid, form. If a cask were penetrated, some pellets might fall onto the ground, but a hazardous materials team would be sent out "to clean it up and move on," he said. Security officers will accompany the trains, according to Benson, and the Energy Department "is not going to advertise" when shipments will move. He anticipates about two trains a week over a 24-year period. "There is no such thing as a 100 percent safety guarantee," Benson said. "But this is definitely not Chernobyl. People have this fear of nuclear. We understand that. But nuclear is medicine. Nuclear is electricity." The public reaction to the word nuclear is far different farther south in economically depressed rural Nevada. Of 25 people interviewed in Goldfield, Hawthorne, Tonopah, Schurz and Mina, 22 expressed support for the rail line. Hawthorne businessman Rex Mills expressed their views during a hearing in Hawthorne. He said rural Nevadans want the Energy Department to share its Yucca Mountain track with commercial trains. "If they put the railroad here, it will be great," Mills said. "It will give an incentive for companies nationwide to move into a lower-taxed area. The waste is going into Yucca Mountain, whether we like it or not." So far the Energy Department has spent $9 billion on the project. Costs could top $58 billion, based on an estimate made in 2001. Postmistress Theora Janis and resident Dollie Murillo stood in front of the Mina Post Office and discussed the desperate need for economic revival in their community. The town's population has dropped to about 100 people, most of them senior citizens. Many homes and businesses are abandoned. The elementary school was closed five years ago. The train tracks were pulled out 10 years ago. "They already carry (hazardous) waste through here by trucks," Janis said. "We need jobs. A railroad would help us." Whether the Energy Department allows private business to share its Yucca Mountain line has not been determined. Bob Halstead, a transportation consultant for the state, said the Energy Department has been trying to win favor for the new rail line by suggesting that the line will be shared with commercial trains. Loux said a new rail line would provide little upside to rural Nevada. "They had a rail line to Mina for 50 years and it didn't do anything for them," Loux said. "Every rail line there in the past has been torn out." The only reason the Energy Department can contemplate construction of the Mina route is because of a change in thinking by the Walker Lake Paiute Indian Tribe, Loux said. The tribal council in 1991 rejected an Energy Department move to study moving waste through the reservation by rail. Last April, council members agreed to the study. Ammunition bound for the Hawthorne depot is carried by rail past tribal headquarters, homes and a school in the town of Schurz. Under the Energy Department study plan, the rail line would be relocated about four miles outside of town. Chairwoman Genia Williams responded to questions by handing out a prepared statement saying the council opposes the new rail line unless the Energy Department addresses all safety issues and agrees to ban shipments of nuclear waste by truck on U.S. Highway 95. "Historically our tribe has been a victim of federal government decisions," Williams said. "I do not like the idea of Nevada being a dumping ground for nuclear waste, but this may be a chance to make my tribal community safer from nuclear waste that may come through our community on a highway," she added. All contents © Copyright 2006 nevadaappeal.com Nevada Appeal - 580 Mallory Way - Carson City, NV 89701 ***************************************************************** 44 Pahrump Valley Times: Tech Review Board to meet in Las Vegas e-mailed to: dmcmurdo@pvtimes.com. Dec. 15, 2006 The U.S. Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board will meet Jan. 24 in Las Vegas. The agenda will include updates on Department of Energy (DOE) technical and scientific activities related to the proposed repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain. The meeting will be open to the public and opportunities for public comment will be provided. The meeting is scheduled to begin at 8 a.m. and conclude at approximately 6 p.m. It will be held at the Atrium Suites Hotel; 4255 South Paradise Road; Las Vegas; (tel.) 702-369-4400; (fax) 702-369-3770. A final agenda detailing meeting times, topics and participants will be available approximately one week before the meeting date. Copies of the meeting agenda can be requested by telephone or obtained from the board's Web site at nwtrb.gov. Time will be set aside at the end of the meeting for public comments. Those wanting to speak are encouraged to sign the "public comment register" at the check-in table. A time limit may have to be set on individual remarks, but written comments of any length may be submitted for the record. Interested parties also will have the opportunity to submit questions in writing to the board. Transcripts of the meeting will be available on the board's Web site, by e-mail, on computer disk and on a library-loan basis in paper format from Davonya Barnes of the board's staff, beginning Feb. 19. A block of rooms has been reserved at the Atrium Suites Hotel for meeting participants. When making a reservation, state that you are attending the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board meeting. Reservations should be made by Jan. 8 to ensure receiving the meeting rate. For more information, contact Karyn Severson, NWTRB external affairs; 2300 Clarendon Blvd., Suite 1300, Arlington, VA 22201-3367; (tel.) 703-2354473; (fax) 703-235-4495. For comment or questions, please e-mail webmaster@pahrumpvalleytimes.com Copyright © Pahrump Valley Times, 1997 - 2006 ***************************************************************** 45 SLO Trib: Question for Democrats: Will Sin City and Yucca Mtn. set coure for 2008 pick? San Luis Obispo Tribune | 12/18/2006 | Nedra Pickler The Associated Press LAS VEGAS (AP) – Forget Hillary vs. Obama. There’s another question in the Democratic presidential race: Does what happens in Vegas really stay there, or can Sin City set the course for the nation? Nevada has a new prominence in deciding the party’s next nominee. It will hold an early caucus Jan. 19, 2008, sandwiched between Iowa and New Hampshire. The prized position is an attempt to bring more diverse voices into determining the Democratic candidate beyond the two overwhelmingly white, rural states that have traditionally dominated the process. The hope is that a Western state with a large population of Hispanics and union workers will bring fresh issues to the debate. "I’ve always felt that the system we have of choosing our president has been very cockeyed," said incoming Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, the state’s top Democrat. Nevada "will give the American people a better idea of what a candidate should be for and against." That doesn’t mean candidates should be for gambling and against limits on prostitution. Nevada may be famous for some of the nation’s most liberal entertainment laws, but state leaders are more interested in promoting other, less sexy political concerns. Those include water rights, nuclear waste disposal, health care, education and maintaining military installations. Local activists say they don’t expect to see the candidates on the Strip, except maybe to hold fundraisers in the large meeting rooms or spend the night in the hotels. However, they can be expected to be asked where they stand on Internet gaming and betting on collegiate sports, issues important to the local economy. "You are going to get certain questions about local issues just like you get questions in Iowa about corn subsidies," said Democrat Tony Sanchez, chairman of the committee drafting the caucus rules and overseeing its operation. "But the thought of, ‘Hey, let’s get a picture of you rolling the dice,’ that’s not going to happen." The selection of Nevada is part of an effort to increase Democratic support in the West, once a bastion of conservatism. Democrats won several statewide elections in the West last month and the Democratic National Committee is considering holding its 2008 convention in Denver. Reid was the driving force behind moving up Nevada’s caucus and has a lot at stake in its success. That will be a big job. Nevada had only 17 caucus sites in 2004 – one per county – and just 8,500 of the state’s nearly 1 million active registered voters took part. That was a huge jump from 2000, when fewer than 1,000 participated, and the increase overwhelmed the party and delayed results for hours. This time, the party plans to have as many as 1,000 sites, Reid said. The Nevada Democratic Party hired Jean Hessburg, the former head of the Iowa Democratic Party who helped oversee the last Iowa caucus, to run the operation and avoid some of the problems seen in 2004. She will be assisted by Iowa political veteran Jayson Sime and a trio of media consultants experienced in presidential politics – Jamal Simmons, Bill Buck and Roger Salazar. The question is how much time the candidates will spend in Nevada versus Iowa and New Hampshire, where they are expected to attend parties in people’s homes statewide. The candidates will have an incentive to stick to the Las Vegas area because two-thirds of the voters live in Clark County. Reno also has a concentration of Democrats, but the rest of the state is sparsely populated and overwhelmingly Republican. At stake in the Nevada Democratic caucus voting will be 22 base delegates, compared to Iowa’s 39 and New Hampshire’s 19. Many Democrats considering a bid have been working Nevada. New Mexico Gov. Bill Richardson has visited repeatedly from his nearby home state, and John Edwards has been courting the state’s labor leaders. The 2004 vice presidential nominee already has an endorsement from the Laborers’ Local 872. The labor support will be critical in Nevada because unions will be the most natural organizations to get voters to the caucus. The largest is the Culinary Workers Union Local 226, with 60,000 members who serve the drinks, clean the hotel rooms and cook the food at casinos. Political director Pilar Weiss said the union has many friends in the race and won’t make an endorsement until late in the process. "There is not a favored son or daughter," she said. Iowa Gov. Tom Vilsack stopped in Las Vegas on his presidential campaign announcement tour and Edwards plans to include it on his later this month. Sens. Joe Biden of Delaware, John Kerry of Massachusetts and Chris Dodd of Connecticut have also made trips in recent months. Two top-tier contenders who have not announced – Sens. Hillary Rodham Clinton of New York and Barack Obama of Illinois – have not visited since Nevada moved up its date. It’s too early to gauge what kind of appeal they would have in the swing state, although former President Clinton made many friends here with his 2000 veto of a bill that would have sent nuclear waste – including from the Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant near Avila Beach – to Nevada’s Yucca Mountain. One of Bill Clinton’s fans is Billy Vassiliadis, who created Las Vegas’ successful "What happens here, stays here" marketing campaign and a slick brochure and video that helped convince Democrats to bless Nevada’s early caucus. Vassiliadis has a picture of himself with Obama hanging in his office and once held a fundraiser for Edwards at his chic headquarters. He said he wants to stay neutral in the presidential primary, but paused when asked what he would do if the former president asked him to support his wife. "There’s almost nothing Bill Clinton couldn’t ask me for," Vassiliadis said. "That would be tough." Reid said that with so many senators in the race, he will not endorse anyone. "That would be a little bit foolish for me to do that when I have to ask them for things here all the time and they have to ask me for things," he said in a recent interview. He said he will ask the gambling industry to support the caucus effort. "I hope they step up and help with funding some of the things that need to be funded in this new environment we have there," Reid said. "And I’m confident they’ll do that." Reid rejects suggestions that associations with legalized gambling could hurt presidential candidates, noting that numerous states have it. Frank Schreck, an attorney who has worked for gambling clients and was a chief fundraiser for Bill Clinton, said the industry is sensitive to appearances for politicians but will want to know where they stand on issues important to them. "It’s in private conversations because you don’t want to embarrass anybody," Schreck said. On the Net: Nevada Democratic Party: http://www.nvdems.com ***************************************************************** 46 Xinhua: Russia to launch int'l uranium enrichment center in January www.chinaview.cn 2006-12-19 06:44:52 £ÍOSCOW, Dec. 18 (Xinhua) -- An international uranium enrichment center will start operations in Siberia by the end of January next year, Russia's nuclear energy chief said on Monday. Early this year, Russian President Vladimir Putin and his Kazakh counterpart Nursultan Nazarbayev jointly proposed setting up uranium enrichment centers to provide nuclear fuel to countries¡¡with nuclear energy programs under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards. "All conditions for the center's work will have been created by late January. An intergovernmental agreement with Kazakhstan will be signed at the end of this year," Sergei Kiriyenko, head of the Federal Atomic Energy Agency, was quoted by the Interfax news agency as saying. The center is to be located at a plant in the Siberian city of Angarsk. Kiriyenko said new facilities could be built in the future. "So far, no new centrifuge is being planned," he added. Uranium enriched to low levels can be used as fuel for nuclear power plants, but highly enriched uranium can be used to make the core of a nuclear bomb. Editor: Luan Shanglin ***************************************************************** 47 ITAR-TASS: Rosatom brings back over 300 kg of fuel from Germany’s reactor 18.12.2006, 16.37 According to the Rosatom, Russian companies delivered most of nuclear fuel to Germany within the framework of bilateral cooperation between the Soviet Union and East Germany, known as the German Democratic Republic, in creating a nuclear fuel cycle back in the 1990-s. The research and production association Luch got a consignment of unused fuel to process it within three and four months into nuclear low-enriched material for production of fuel elements for nuclear reactors. Rosatom delivers nuclear fuel from research reactors built in Russia in compliance with the Russian-US intergovernmental agreement of May 27, 2004 on the return of nuclear fuel with assistance of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Under this agreement, Russia and the U.S. have already scrapped 433 kilograms of high-enriched uranium. © ITAR-TASS. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 48 Paducah Sun: 6 more dump sites reported to DOE - Paducah, Kentucky State to search for waste piles By Joe Walker jwalker@paducahsun.com 270.575.8656 Sunday, December 17, 2006 Al Puckett remembers the 1960s when Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant supervisors ordered a worker to bury uranium waste in a gravel pit west of the plant on Saturdays. I dont know what was in it, but it came out of the process buildings, so it couldnt have been good, Puckett said of the plants massive uranium enrichment structures. Puckett, a union steward then, told the employee to file a grievance if his bosses repeated the orders. They had sworn they would deny everything if he got caught secretly dumping, Puckett recalled. Now 80, Puckett suffers from illnesses he thinks are related to breathing an accidental release of uranium hexafluoride gas during his 12 years at the plant. The gravel pit, in the West Kentucky Wildlife Management Area, is one of six old dump sites  both above and below ground  newly reported to the Kentucky Division of Waste Management. Former plant landfill manager Gary VanderBoegh presented the information based on help from three or four plant neighbors and former employees. This is not trying to implicate the new cleanup contractor, past contractors or anyone else, VanderBoegh said. All Im saying is this stuff has been dumped and not cleaned up. VanderBoegh has an ongoing labor claim against the Department of Energy that he wasnt rehired last spring because he had too much knowledge of plant contamination problems. DOE and its contractors deny that. State regulators will start looking for the six sites next week based on maps presented by VanderBoegh. Waste piles are typically easier to spot than burial areas, said Tony Hatton, assistant director of the Kentucky Division of Waste Management. At this point we just dont know whats there until we get out there and look, he said. VanderBoegh forwarded the information to members of the Kentucky congressional delegation. Earlier this month, U.S. Rep. Ed Whitfield wrote Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman expressing concerns over six mounds of radioactive dirt newly found in the management area. We need to know the extent of the contamination at the site, Whitfield said. It is very concerning to me that the waste was deposited nearly 30 years ago, yet no efforts were taken during that time to clearly identify the contamination or warn people about potential health hazards. Twenty-two more overgrown, contaminated dirt piles have now been found on the east and west sides of the plant. Hatton said the mounds apparently came from the dredging of Little and Big Bayou creeks 20 to 30 years ago. DOE spokeswoman Meagan Barnett said initial surveys of the 22 piles showed radiation levels much lower than the first six. Sections of piles found earlier contained radiation and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)  both common plant contaminants  at levels not posing immediate risks to humans or the environment, Hatton said. Hatton said DOE is preparing a plan to sample and analyze the dirt mounds, determine what contaminants are there and plan a course of action. The plan is expected within 30 to 45 days. Although the state has stopped searching for earthen waste, DOE will continue surveying, Barnett said. It will take several months, using sophisticated technology that is sensitive to low levels of radiation. Earlier this year, the state identified 47 old rubble piles  34 in the West Kentucky management area and 13 in the Ballard County Wildlife Management Area  containing concrete, metal beams and other construction-demolition materials from the plant. Eight of the piles had been identified in 1997 amid plant cleanup work, while the rest were newly discovered, according to state documents obtained by VanderBoegh and confirmed by Hatton. Several piles scanned for more than natural levels of radiation have been or will be removed and taken inside the plant fenced area, Hatton said. VanderBoegh said some of the levels were high enough that the debris wouldnt been allowed to go into the landfill off Ogden Landing Road that he once managed. Initial field surveys showed low levels of radiation in the rubble piles, but they are still being evaluated, Barnett said. Hatton said he isnt surprised that more and more dump sites are being found in the sprawling, 6,463-acre West Kentucky wildlife area, which surrounds the 54-year-old, 750-acre uranium enrichment factory. We may continue to find other things as well, he said. But it certainly appears that most if not all of it is historical. VanderBoegh said he compiled the maps over the past several months after being contacted by people knowledgeable of the old dump sites. Some of them told him that DOE and Department of Justice officials were informed about the sites in 1999 when an investigation began based on a whistle-blower lawsuit, VanderBoegh said. I cant confirm whether thats true or not. The case, alleging former plant contractors covered up environmental problems to protect huge award fees, continues in federal court and may go to trial next year. The contractors deny the allegations. VanderBoeghs maps also depict a waste pile near Dyke Road southeast of the plant, as well two piles at or near the northwestern plant boundary. Two other areas depict burial sites. VanderBoegh said uranium reportedly was buried in an area at or near the southwestern corner of the plant fence. Burial was done to keep the uranium from catching fire on contact with the air, he said. Drums of waste reportedly are buried in the river bottom in the West Kentucky Wildlife Management Area north of the plant, VanderBoegh said. ***************************************************************** 49 AU ABC: New aerial survey system seeks out uranium deposits. 18/12/2006. ABC News Online A new aerial survey system designed to better identify drill targets for mining companies is being pioneered in South Australia. The new system is being used for the first time in Australia to identify possible uranium deposits at a prospect between Maree and the Beverley uranium mine. The system, called REPTEM, replaces an older method of aerial surveying. It is attached to a helicopter, allowing operators to fly closer to the ground. Kevin Lines, the managing director of the company using the technology, says the system uses the latest computer technology to give greater access to previously unexplored areas. "What it allows us to do is to survey very large areas, in our case, quite remote, quite arid areas," he said. "So it makes it cost effective now for us to explore in areas that 20 years ago we just couldn't work in." ***************************************************************** 50 AU ABC: Nuclear material transported out of Sydney The World Today - Monday, 18 December , 2006 12:33:00 Reporter: Karen Barlow ELEANOR HALL: While Sydney was sleeping last night, a secret and heavily armed operation was transporting radioactive fuel rods across the city. A large police and fire brigade presence escorted 10 large trucks from the Lucas Heights nuclear reactor to the Botany Bay container terminal. The hundreds of spent nuclear fuel rods are now en route to the United States for reprocessing. Karen Barlow was there as the convoy arrived at Port Botany early this morning. (Sound of truck driving past) KAREN BARLOW: Two AM on Foreshore Road, Port Botany, one of Australia's biggest and busiest ports is receiving shipping containers around the clock. But this morning's shipment from Lucas Heights is different, so special the route is examined by scores of police over several hours. Finally, with a helicopter flying overhead, the convoy arrives with emergency lights flashing. First motorcycle escorts zip by, then several patrol cars. They're guarding 10 trucks with shipping containers, but only six are marked with radioactive warnings. Two fire brigade hazardous materials trucks follow, then more police vehicles. They stream to the docks where the containers are loaded on a vessel called the Seabird, although Greenpeace protest boats are also waiting in the port's waters. Greenpeace campaigner Steve Campbell says it's secret and dangerous shipment. STEVE CAMPBELL: This is highly enriched uranium fuel that's been in the Lucas Heights reactor, which is being transported to America. And the point that we're trying to make, really, is that if the Government pushes ahead with its plans for nuclear power reactors in Australia, these kinds of dangerous and secret transports are going to escalate around the country. KAREN BARLOW: Do you think anyone was at risk throughout this transport? STEVE CAMPBELL: Well, they wouldn't have done it in the dead of night if they weren't, and they wouldn't have done it secretly. There have been accidents with nuclear casts in the past, there's definitely been accidents with nuclear reactors. We've had major impact on human health and on environmental wellbeing. So, there's no reason for it. We shouldn't be producing nuclear waste, and we should be looking at the alternatives. KAREN BARLOW: Where is this fuel exactly going, and what's going to happen to it? STEVE CAMPBELL: Well, we're not entirely sure where it's going. We believe the ship's bound to the east coast of the United States. There's a number of American storage facilities there, and of course you know that the American Government has a huge problem with nuclear waste, they don't know what to do with it, they don't know where to store it. And it's a subject of increasing and escalating public protest. So, you know, while we are starting to potentially produce more waste, it'll just be shipped around the world, or somewhere else, because there is no solution to it. ELEANOR HALL: That's Greenpeace Campaigner Steve Campbell ending that report from Karen Barlow. And the operators of the Lucas Heights nuclear reactor, ANSTO, have not been available for comment. ***************************************************************** 51 UPI: Enriched uranium returned to Russia United Press International - NewsTrack - 12/18/2006 4:25:00 PM -0500 MOSCOW, Dec. 18 (UPI) -- A large shipment of enriched uranium was returned to Russia from Germany on Monday. The consignment, 730 pounds of uranium, was flown from the airport in Dresden to Moscow on a Russian military cargo plane, the Novosti news agency reported. The uranium was taken to a reprocessing center at Podolsk near Moscow. The Soviet Union supplied the uranium to a research reactor in Rossendorf in the former East Germany. The Soviet-built reactor was closed 15 years ago, a year after the two Germanies merged. In Germany, the route the shipment took to the airport was changed because of 30 protestors who lined the road, the BBC reported. In the past two years, highly enriched uranium has been returned to Russia from Soviet-built plants in Serbia, Romania, the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Libya, Latvia, Poland and Uzbekistan. Russia's repatriation program is done in cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency, the U.N. nuclear watchdog. © Copyright 2006 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 52 Bangor Daily News: Viewpoints: Don't change course on nuclear waste storage By BDN Staff Monday, December 18, 2006 - The history of nuclear waste disposal in the United States is one of broken promises, wasted money, obfuscation and delays - decades worth of them. It may get worse as incoming Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid has declared the federally designated repository in his home state of Nevada to be "dead." For states such as Maine, which are holding nuclear waste that was supposed to be deposited at Yucca Mountain, this is unacceptable. It is also illegal. A federal court earlier this fall ordered the Department of Energy to pay more than $75.8 million to Maine Yankee for failing to abide by federal law requiring that the department provide a disposal site by Jan. 31, 1998. The department has appealed the decision, but if any damage award is upheld, the money would be returned to ratepayers, most of whom are in Maine. The damage award pales next to the $24 billion the nation’s electric ratepayers have paid to research and develop a permanent storage site and to store nuclear waste at reactor sites in the interim. An estimated $6 billion has been spent so far on Yucca Mountain. Billions more are being spent to store waste at current and former nuclear power plants, including Maine Yankee in Wiscasset. Faced with the reality that Yucca Mountain was decades behind schedule and continues to face political and legal challenges, New Mexico Republican Sen. Pete Domenici, the outgoing chairman of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, proposed that federal money for Yucca Mountain be diverted to the states to pay for storage at interim sites. This would have been a reasonable compromise if governors and others had reason to trust that the federal government would agree on a final storage site and that the 126 storage sites scattered around the country would be short-lived. There is no basis for such trust. Fortunately, the new chair of the committee, Democratic Sen. Jeff Bingaman of New Mexico, opposes the dispersed storage plan and wants to move forward on Yucca Mountain. Sen. Reid’s threats aside, disposing of waste at Yucca Mountain is settled policy for Congress. The Department of Energy began studying the suitability of Yucca Mountain as a long-term repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste in 1978. In July 2002, President Bush signed legislation officially establishing Yucca Mountain as the nation’s nuclear waste repository. It is supposed to begin accepting waste in 2017. The Department of Energy is currently in the process of preparing an application to obtain the Nuclear Regulatory Commission license to proceed with construction of the repository. Switching to another site or multiple sites, which would be harder to secure, makes no sense. Further, as discussions about alternatives to fossil fuels get more serious, nuclear power is likely to be part of the conversation. It can’t be seriously considered until waste disposal is settled. Congress has slowly, expensively and deliberately settled on Yucca Mountain. Now is not the time to change course for political gain. Bangor Daily News PO Box 1329 491 Main Street Bangor, ME 04401 Switchboard: In-State Long Distance 1-800-432-7964 or 207-990-8000 ©2005 All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 53 Guardian Unlimited: Will Nev. Set the Course for 2008 Pick? From the Associated Press [UP] Monday December 18, 2006 6:01 PM AP Photo NY111 By NEDRA PICKLER Associated Press Writer LAS VEGAS (AP) - Forget Hillary vs. Obama. There's another question in the Democratic presidential race: Does what happens in Vegas really stay there, or can Sin City set the course for the nation? Nevada has a new prominence in deciding the party's next nominee. It will hold an early caucus Jan. 19, 2008, sandwiched between Iowa and New Hampshire. The prized position is an attempt to bring more diverse voices into determining the Democratic candidate beyond the two overwhelmingly white, rural states that have traditionally dominated the process. The hope is that a Western state with a large population of Hispanics and union workers will bring fresh issues to the debate. ``I've always felt that the system we have of choosing our president has been very cockeyed,'' said incoming Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, the state's top Democrat. Nevada ``will give the American people a better idea of what a candidate should be for and against.'' That doesn't mean candidates should be for gambling and against limits on prostitution. Nevada may be famous for some of the nation's most liberal entertainment laws, but state leaders are more interested in promoting other, less sexy political concerns. Those include water rights, nuclear waste disposal, health care, education and maintaining military installations. Local activists say they don't expect to see the candidates on the Strip, except maybe to hold fundraisers in the large meeting rooms or spend the night in the hotels. However, they can be expected to be asked where they stand on Internet gaming and betting on collegiate sports, issues important to the local economy. ``You are going to get certain questions about local issues just like you get questions in Iowa about corn subsidies,'' said Democrat Tony Sanchez, chairman of the committee drafting the caucus rules and overseeing its operation. ``But the thought of, 'Hey, let's get a picture of you rolling the dice,' that's not going to happen.'' The selection of Nevada is part of an effort to increase Democratic support in the West, once a bastion of conservatism. Democrats won several statewide elections in the West last month and the Democratic National Committee is considering holding its 2008 convention in Denver. Reid was the driving force behind moving up Nevada's caucus and has a lot at stake in its success. That will be a big job. Nevada had only 17 caucus sites in 2004 - one per county - and just 8,500 of the state's nearly 1 million active registered voters took part. That was a huge jump from 2000, when fewer than 1,000 participated, and the increase overwhelmed the party and delayed results for hours. This time, the party plans to have as many as 1,000 sites, Reid said. The Nevada Democratic Party hired Jean Hessburg, the former head of the Iowa Democratic Party who helped oversee the last Iowa caucus, to run the operation and avoid some of the problems seen in 2004. She will be assisted by Iowa political veteran Jayson Sime and a trio of media consultants experienced in presidential politics - Jamal Simmons, Bill Buck and Roger Salazar. The question is how much time the candidates will spend in Nevada versus Iowa and New Hampshire, where they are expected to attend parties in people's homes statewide. The candidates will have an incentive to stick to the Las Vegas area because two-thirds of the voters live in Clark County. Reno also has a concentration of Democrats, but the rest of the state is sparsely populated and overwhelmingly Republican. At stake in the Nevada Democratic caucus voting will be 22 base delegates, compared to Iowa's 39 and New Hampshire's 19. Many Democrats considering a bid have been working Nevada. New Mexico Gov. Bill Richardson has visited repeatedly from his nearby home state, and John Edwards has been courting the state's labor leaders. The 2004 vice presidential nominee already has an endorsement from the Laborers' Local 872. The labor support will be critical in Nevada because unions will be the most natural organizations to get voters to the caucus. The largest is the Culinary Workers Union Local 226, with 60,000 members who serve the drinks, clean the hotel rooms and cook the food at casinos. Political director Pilar Weiss said the union has many friends in the race and won't make an endorsement until late in the process. ``There is not a favored son or daughter,'' she said. Iowa Gov. Tom Vilsack stopped in Las Vegas on his presidential campaign announcement tour and Edwards plans to include it on his later this month. Sens. Joe Biden of Delaware, John Kerry of Massachusetts and Chris Dodd of Connecticut have also made trips in recent months. Two top-tier contenders who have not announced - Sens. Hillary Rodham Clinton of New York and Barack Obama of Illinois - have not visited since Nevada moved up its date. It's too early to gauge what kind of appeal they would have in the swing state, although former President Clinton made many friends here with his 2000 veto of a bill that would have sent nuclear waste to Nevada's Yucca Mountain. One of Bill Clinton's fans is Billy Vassiliadis, who created Las Vegas' successful ``What happens here, stays here'' marketing campaign and a slick brochure and video that helped convince Democrats to bless Nevada's early caucus. Vassiliadis has a picture of himself with Obama hanging in his office and once held a fundraiser for Edwards at his chic headquarters. He said he wants to stay neutral in the presidential primary, but paused when asked what he would do if the former president asked him to support his wife. ``There's almost nothing Bill Clinton couldn't ask me for,'' Vassiliadis said. ``That would be tough.'' Reid said that with so many senators in the race, he will not endorse anyone. ``That would be a little bit foolish for me to do that when I have to ask them for things here all the time and they have to ask me for things,'' he said in a recent interview. He said he will ask the gambling industry to support the caucus effort. ``I hope they step up and help with funding some of the things that need to be funded in this new environment we have there,'' Reid said. ``And I'm confident they'll do that.'' Reid rejects suggestions that associations with legalized gambling could hurt presidential candidates, noting that numerous states have it. Frank Schreck, an attorney who has worked for gambling clients and was a chief fundraiser for Bill Clinton, said the industry is sensitive to appearances for politicians but will want to know where they stand on issues important to them. ``It's in private conversations because you don't want to embarrass anybody,'' Schreck said. On the Net: Nevada Democratic Party: http://www.nvdems.com Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 54 Pahrump Valley Times: Homestead Road signal could be a year away Dec. 15, 2006 By MARK WAITE Nevada Department of Transportation officials have presented a draft agreement to Nye County for the construction of a traffic light at Homestead Road and Highway 160. However, it could still be another year before motorists see relief from the lines of cars waiting to enter Highway 160 there. Under the agreement with Nye County, NDOT agrees to pay $250,000 in federal safety grant money and $100,000 for drainage improvements, according to Rudy Malfabon, NDOT deputy director for southern Nevada. The state will also pay for the design of the signal. Nye County officials last July offered to contribute $300,000 from impact fees and the remainder of the cost from the payments it receives from the U.S. Department of Energy for the Yucca Mountain Project. That came after Pahrump residents loudly rejected a proposal from NDOT to build a roundabout at that intersection instead of a traffic signal. The slow pace of the agreement with NDOT was a subject of concern for Nye County Commissioner Patricia Cox, who leaves office at the end of this month. "It's five months later and we still don't have a contract," Cox said at the Dec. 5 county commission meeting. Nye County Public Works Director Samson Yao said Monday he is hoping NDOT adds comments to the draft agreement this week so he can put it on the next Nye County Commission agenda Dec. 19. "We're going to try to figure out how to design that (signal) to accommodate the county's future plans to widen Homestead," Malfabon said. Yao said the widening of Homestead Road to five lanes is in the county's capital improvement plan for 2007. But he said the county plans to install the traffic signal before the widening project occurs, placing the light far enough to the right so it won't have to be moved again. "Initially, when you put traffic lights in, you want to put it in the ultimate location," Yao said. "Otherwise it'd be very costly to relocate." Yao said he didn't know when the full build-out of Homestead Road to five lanes would take place, but initial plans are for a three-lane approach to Highway 160. Yao said the traffic light at Blue Diamond Road and Durango Drive in Las Vegas Valley is an example of a traffic signal placed far enough off the road to allow for the future widening of Highway 160. Once the design is approved, the project will be put out for bid. Contractors will then have three weeks to review the plans, Malfabon said. The signal lights are custom fabricated for each location, which he said takes about four months. It would then take another 45 days to construct them. Finally, activation of the light would depend on when the utility company can hook up the new traffic signal, he said. "If the county comes up with their share of the money, it should be about a year," he predicted. "I was told it would take 16 months or 18 months to get this stuff fabricated and installed because there's such high demand for those traffic lights," Yao said. "That's from the time you actually have the design completed and actually place an order for those poles." NDOT engineers may determine the traffic light can't be installed properly, in which case some modification to the interchange may occur, he said. There are other intersections in Pahrump that meet NDOT warrants as requiring a traffic signal, Malfabon said. He said Nye County is negotiating with developers to make those improvements. The Homestead Road interchange with Highway 160 has aroused the most interest. NDOT estimates the average annual daily traffic on Highway 160 just south of Highway 372 increased from 18,900 vehicles in 2004 to 23,000 vehicles in 2005. That's significantly more traffic than a counter just north of the Clark County line farther south on Highway 160, which averaged 9,800 vehicles per day in 2005, an increase from 8,600 in 2004. Nye County Sheriff Tony DeMeo said Homestead Road has been getting busier, which has also led to the deterioration of the road. "Traffic has been increasing. It's now becoming a route for heavy trucks," he said. "The road is becoming horrifying, all those heavy trucks are ripping up Homestead." DeMeo suggested some temporary solutions to solve the lack of a traffic light that weren't entirely tongue in cheek. "Actually, they could give me the money. I could put a deputy out there in the busy times to direct traffic," DeMeo said. As another alternative, "I was hoping maybe a temporary traffic light, solar powered, wouldn't require anything." Insurance agent Robert Worden, from Worden's Insurance Agency, said auto insurance premiums are determined by a number of factors in addition to the accident rate on State Highway 160, like the rising cost of auto repairs, the cost of litigation and increased medical costs. Worden said he sees accident claims from various locations on Highway 160, not just Homestead Road. He discounted the positive effect a traffic light at that intersection might bring. "I see as many accidents at Highway 372 and Highway 160 as I see at Homestead and 160," Worden said. "Drivers don't follow the traffic control signals when we have them." He added, "We have an infrastructure that cannot keep up with the population." "We're going to try to move as fast as we can. That's all we can say," Yao said. Meanwhile, Highway 160 motorists heading to and from Las Vegas are finding more signals along the way. NDOT has constructed a number of new traffic lights on Blue Diamond Highway going into Interstate 15 on Blue Diamond Road. Whereas there used to be only a few traffic lights for Pahrump motorists to navigate going into or driving from Las Vegas, there are now seven signals on the highway west from I-15, and two more for those traveling eastbound. Malfabon said those new traffic lights were paid for out of the contract for the improvements to the I-15 interchange with Blue Diamond Road. "It may look like it just sprung up there but the interchange contract was awarded a year and a half ago," he said. Two temporary lights have been installed at the entrance to a new shopping center with a Kohl's Supermarket and Target discount store just west of I-15. NDOT was able to speed up the installation of the traffic light at Decatur Avenue with traffic light poles loaned by Clark County, Malfabon said. "There have been cases where we've been able to get help from the county to help address the need for a signal," he said. For comment or questions, please e-mail Copyright © Pahrump Valley Times, 1997 - 2006 ***************************************************************** 55 AP Wire: DOE completes transfer of uranium hexafluoride to Ohio 12/18/2006 Associated Press OAK RIDGE, Tenn. - The government has transferred nearly 120 million pounds of depleted uranium from a processing plant in Tennessee to a southern Ohio facility, three years ahead of schedule and within budget. The uranium hexafluoride was left over from the government's uranium enrichment process for nuclear weapons and fuel at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Operations ended there in 1985, and the site is currently being cleaned up to be an industrial park. Tennessee began transferring the slightly radioactive material in 2004 to Piketon, Ohio, where the compound will be processed into a more stable form for long-term storage. The process also will extract hydrogen fluoride that can be sold commercially, officials said. The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation had ordered the Department of Energy to remove the uranium hexafluoride by Dec. 31, 2009. The project removed about 6,000 cylinders, some weighing as much as 14 tons, and trucked them to the Piketon facility at a cost of $27.5 million. The cylinders, kept in an outside storage yard that required daily security and maintenance, posed the highest radiation threat to visitors at the Tennessee site, said John Owsley, the environmental oversight chief in Oak Ridge. "While there were sufficient controls in place, it was a concern," Owsley said. No major safety issues arose during transportation, said Susan Gawarecki, executive director of the Local Oversight Committee, which evaluates environmental projects for local governments in the Oak Ridge area. After the waste was trucked to Ohio, hundreds of empty cylinders were shipped to disposal sites in Nevada or Utah. ***************************************************************** 56 Knox News: DOE removal project done early Uranium hexafluoride relocated within budget, reducing radiation hazard By FRANK MUNGER, munger@knews.com December 18, 2006 OAK RIDGE - The U.S. Department of Energy is wrapping up its uranium road show and declaring a big success. "It has removed the single greatest potential hazard on this site," DOE's David Hutchins said as he watched workers secure a protective overpack on a 10-ton cylinder of depleted uranium hexafluoride. About 6,000 of the cylinders, some weighing as much as 14 tons, have been hauled to Ohio over the past three years. The $27.5 million project was accomplished within its budget. There were no major safety issues. The work was completed far ahead of schedule. For DOE's cleanup program, which has endured more than its share of failures, mishaps and cost overruns in recent years, that's like winning the triple crown in horse racing. "When DOE puts their mind to it, they can get things done," said Susan Gawarecki, executive director of the Local Oversight Committee, which evaluates environmental projects for local governments in the Oak Ridge area. The uranium compounds are a toxic legacy of the government's uranium-enrichment activities at Oak Ridge. The K-25 plant was built during World War II as part of the Manhattan Project and later expanded to provide the U-235 needed for atomic bombs and fuel in nuclear reactors. Enrichment operations were shut down in 1985, and the Oak Ridge site - now called the East Tennessee Technology Park - is being cleaned up and prepared for use as an industrial park. The outdoor storage yards, where the remnants of Cold War nuclear production sat and rusted for decades, are now virtually empty. They no longer require the day-to-day security and maintenance associated with a Category-2 nuclear facility. DOE was under orders from the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation to remove all of the cylinders of uranium hexafluoride from Oak Ridge by Dec. 31, 2009. The federal agency and its contractors beat the deadline by three years. "We're glad to have the cylinders gone," said John Owsley, the state's environmental oversight chief in Oak Ridge. He said they posed the highest radiation dose to visitors walking around the site. "While there were sufficient controls in place, it was a concern," Owsley said. After a couple of years of debate and negotiations involving environmental officers in Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee, DOE made the first shipment on March 17, 2004. After that, representatives from each of the three states talked by phone on a weekly basis. "For a long time, it didn't look like they'd ever get rid of those cylinders," Gawarecki said. "The LOC had been pushing them to do it, and we're very pleased they've had such great success. I think there were one or two little incidents - no spills or crashes or disasters. What more could you ask for?" Removing the 118 million pounds of uranium hexafluoride was a major part of the government's cleanup strategy. Bechtel Jacobs Co., a partnership of Bechtel National and Jacobs Engineering, is managing DOE's cleanup program in Oak Ridge. Most of the uranium-loaded cylinders were transported by truck to a facility near Piketon, Ohio, where a company called Uranium Disposition Services will process the depleted uranium hexafluoride from Oak Ridge and other sites. The uranium will be converted to an oxide form for safer long-term storage or disposal, and the hydrogen fluoride will be extracted and sold commercially. Hundreds of empty cylinders associated with the Oak Ridge operations or others that contained small amounts of the uranium compound were treated and shipped to disposal sites in Nevada or Utah, Hutchins said. All told, there were thousands of trips to and fro, and trucks used for the project logged more than 3.6 million miles during the past three years, he said. Visionary Solutions LLC managed the transportation under a subcontract to Bechtel Jacobs. Lance Mezga, who heads a citizens' board that advises DOE on environmental issues, said removing the rusting cylinders from outdoor storage was a significant milestone. "Some of those things were in pretty bad shape," Mezga said. Not only did the project reduce the risks to humans and the environment, but it also set the stage for revitalizing the Oak Ridge facilities for other uses, he said. Hutchins said he was proudest of the fact that no injuries were incurred during the loading and shipping operations over a three-year period. "That's a real good thing," he said. Senior writer Frank Munger may be reached at 865-342-6329. MICHAEL PATRICK NEWS SENTINEL Workers move the lid on an overpack box into place, sealing one of the last shipments of DOE's uranium hexafluoride cylinders for transport to Ohio. © 2006 - Knoxville News Sentinel ***************************************************************** 57 DOE: U.S.-Chinese Agreement Provides Path to Further Expansion of Nuclear Energy in China December 16, 2006 BEIJING, CHINA  U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary Samuel W. Bodman and Chinese Chairman of National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) Ma Kai today signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) that will pave the way for Westinghouse Electric Company to construct four civilian nuclear power plants in China. This agreement illustrates the United States government's support of the Chinese expansion and use of safe, emissions-free nuclear power and the related technology transfer. This is an exciting day for the U.S. nuclear industry. This agreement is good for the people of China and good for the people of the United States. It is an example that if we work together, we can advance not only our trade relations, but also our common goal of energy security, Secretary Bodman said. This DOE-supported, Generation 3+ reactor is safer and more efficient than current reactors and could help spur development of a nuclear renaissance in the U.S. The initial agreement between China and Westinghouse is for four reactors, two at each site in Sanmen and Yangjing. The reactors will be Westinghouse design AP1000 and will be 1100 megawatts each. The agreement could lead to as many as 5,500 jobs in 12 U.S. states. The precursor to the AP1000, the AP600, was funded by DOE in the 1990s under a program to develop an Advanced Light Water Reactor. The Department is currently engaged in a cost-sharing agreement with Westinghouse for the AP1000 detail design. The total design is set to cost $436 million, of which DOE will fund $218 million over seven years, FY 2005-FY 2011. This cost share supported the completion of Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) design certification in 2005 and supports engineering for the NRC licensing and construction of the first standard AP1000 nuclear plant design. The U.S. government began working with the Chinese government to support the bid of a U.S. manufacturer in 2004 under then-Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham and then-Secretary of Commerce Don Evans. Since then, Secretary Bodman and his Cabinet colleagues Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and Secretary of Commerce Carlos Gutierrez have also contributed supported Westinghouse's bid. Currently, nuclear energy provides about 1.5 percent of Chinas total energy. The Chinese have expressed a goal of building 30 new reactors over the next 15 years, which would produce 4 percent of their electricity. In addition, last month the U.S. accepted China as a partner in the development of the Generation IV nuclear reactor. Media contact(s): Anne Womack Kolton, (202) 586-4940 [ ] U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 ***************************************************************** 58 KnoxNews: Nuke news brightens outlook at container company By FRANK MUNGER, munger@knews.com December 18, 2006 A recent permit change at the government's Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico was big news locally. The approval opened up the waste repository to receive remote-handled transuranic waste, a particularly hot and nasty form of radioactive waste that's a legacy of reactor operations. That means federal nuclear sites that currently store the materials, including Oak Ridge, can begin making definitive plans to package and ship their wastes to New Mexico. It also signals a likely increase in business for Bull Run Metal, which fabricates a line of lead-lined steel containers specially designed for the storage and disposal of so-called TRU wastes. "That was huge for us," said Rob Love, president of Bull Run, which has a fabrication facility in Clinton's Eagle Bend Industrial Park. A couple of years ago, Bull Run won a contract under a "basic ordering agreement" with Washington TRU Solutions, the U.S. Department of Energy's managing contractor at the waste repository at Carlsbad, N.M. Since then, Love estimates that Bull Run has produced 25 to 50 of the TRU containers, which vary in size and cost $7,000-$8,000 apiece. But there is the potential for growth in the market — big growth. "There could be several thousand a year produced at this site," he said. "We have lots of additional capacity. We're only running one shift." Indeed, the past year was a slow one for Bull Run. Bull Run employs 26 workers at the Clinton facility, only half of the work force there 14 months ago, Love said. The company's revenue stream, typically in the range of $4 million a year, was down 40 percent this past year, he said. That was blamed on a tight federal budget that cut down on the Department of Energy's purchases. "But we were still in the black," Love said, attributing the profitable picture to a good business model. Bull Run Metal Fabricators and Engineers Inc. has been around for about 20 years but shifted its focus to waste containers seven years ago. The company now markets itself as BRM Containers. In addition to the TRU-Shield containers, which reportedly are the only ones certified for disposal at the WIPP facility in New Mexico, Bull Run manufactures a catalog of other containers for storing and shipping wastes, including low-level radioactive materials and hazardous wastes. Bull Run only makes containers for solid wastes, none for liquids. The company's contract for TRU waste containers could mean as much as $12 million a year. Some of that goes to subcontractors. Toxco's Oak Ridge facility, for instance, injects the lead lining after containers are manufactured at Bull Run's Clinton plant. Love said many of the TRU containers use recycled lead that's contaminated with low levels of radioactivity. If not for use in the containers, the lead would have to be disposed of as waste, he said. With the recent permit approval for remote-handled waste in New Mexico, Bull Run's business orders could be picking up soon, he said. "I'm really optimistic that over the next three or four months there'll be a complete change," Love said. "It's a great opportunity for small business to be able to manufacture these." Contract change good for all? DOE earlier this year agreed to change the terms of Foster Wheeler Environmental Corp.'s contract to process transuranic waste in Oak Ridge. That was good news for New Jersey-based Foster Wheeler because it was pretty clear that the original fixed-fee arrangement wasn't working. The company apparently was losing big bucks in Oak Ridge, although officials didn't want to discuss the financial bottom line — at least not publicly. Interestingly, after months of difficult negotiations (Foster Wheeler reportedly threatened to stop work at one point), DOE's top cleanup officer in Oak Ridge said the contract change was also good for the government. "I think what it did was recognize the true cost of doing this work," said Steve McCracken of DOE. "The contractor that we had was losing money and he wasn't about to start the RH (remote-handled waste) under the contract terms that we had. He said he just couldn't afford to." Foster Wheeler launched the project in the 1990s when DOE was touting "privatization" initiatives as a way to involve companies in the environmental cleanup program at Oak Ridge and other sites. Here's the way it was supposed to work: Foster Wheeler would invest tens of millions of dollars in building the waste-processing facilities and acquiring the necessary permits to operate the plant off Highway 95. DOE, in turn, would reimburse the contractor after it achieved certain milestones and then pay additional amounts based on the waste processed and shipped off-site. There were flaws in this and other privatization projects, some of which were abandoned before they ever met success. McCracken said the privatization concept worked well early, during construction of the plant, but it became more difficult once the contractor began processing complex waste streams. As an example, he cited a 14-foot-high box that recently arrived at the Oak Ridge facility for processing. The container contained a full glove-box assembly with compressors and "all that junk still in it" that had to be taken apart and processed and repackaged. The dismantling of the highly radioactive equipment would have been difficult and unpredictable, making it almost impossible to put an accurate price tag on the work, he said. McCracken said there's no doubt that the contractor could have filed a request for additional money, requiring more negotiations. "It would have just been bogged down while we argued about it," he said. "The waste is so difficult to anticipate ... that trying to fix-price that work just doesn't make sense any more. So, really, what we are doing now is paying the true cost, what it really costs to run that plant. Now our goal has to be to make sure that we don't let the cost go up simply because of the kind of contract that we have," the DOE official said. DOE will monitor Foster Wheeler and EnergX, the subcontractor that operates the plant, to make sure costs aren't artificially inflated. "The good thing is they've been operating for a while. You kind of know what it costs to run the place," McCracken said "There is nothing better than having a baseline of several years' worth of work, so if things start creeping up you can challenge that based on your experience — not just on a disagreement on what something ought to cost." As part of that contract renegotiation, DOE took over ownership of the plant ahead of schedule. Frank Munger is a senior writer covering the Department of Energy for the Business Journal. J. MILES CARY BUSINESS JOURNAL William Baird welds the inside seams of a large metal container at Bull Run Metal, which fabricates a line of lead-lined containers designed for the storage and disposal of transuranic waste. J. MILES CARY NEWS SENTINEL Rob Love, president of Bull RunMetal, which has a fabrication facility in Clinton’s Eagle Bend Industrial Park, stands with a TRU-Shield lead-lined storage container BRMmakes for customers. Waste Isolation Pilot Plant inNew Mexico recently was approved to receive remote-handled transuranic waste, a boost for BRM, Love says, because his metal containers are specially designed to store and dispose of TRU wastes. © 2006 - Knoxville News Sentinel ***************************************************************** 59 Radio Iowa: Search on for former Ames Lab employees Monday, December 18, 2006, 8:05 PM by Darwin Danielson A nationwide search is on to find former employees at a federal lab in Ames that may've been exposed to harmful substances. Doctor Laurence Fuortes of the University of Iowa says the Ames Lab was a key research facility in the Manhattan Project that built the first nuclear weapons. Fuortes says the Ames Lab processed thousands of pounds of uranium ore until that process was sent elsewhere. He says the lab later produced thorium, another radioactive metal, for the defense industry. And Fuortes says the lab later worked with beryllium. Fuortes is now heading up the project to find workers who toiled at the lab from 1942 through 1960. Fuortes says they're trying to find the over 10-thousand former Ames Lab workers to allow them to get a medical screening allowed by the Department of Energy. Fuortes says they do the screenings in Iowa City, Burlington and Ames. Fuortes says the government paid screenings came out of a settlement with the Burlington arms and ammunition factory that used to make atomic weapons. Fuortes says they want to be sure that all former Ames Lab employees are checked for problems, some of which may not be apparent. He says you could have sensitization to beryllium and have no symptoms, or you could have evidence of an occupational lung disease and have very few symptoms. Or Fuortes says you could have lung disease and be a non-smoker and not know why you had the disease. Fuortes says they're not just looking for the workers. He says they're also trying to assist the families of the former workers, especially those form the early years who might have died. Fuortes says they can go through the medical records of the new dead workers and see if there might be a claim for compensation due to work related illnesses. Fuortes asks former workers, or their family members to get ahold of his program. Fuortes says they can call a toll-free number: 1-866-282-5818 to find our more or ask any questions about the program. Fuortes says they've just been working on finding the Ames Lab employees after working for several months with the former Burlington employees. Fuortes says it's harder to get the word out to Ames Lab workers, because it's a facility at the college and many of them worked only a short time as students or faculty. And with the work going back to the 1940's, many of the workers are dead, and they're trying to find surviving family members. Fuortes says the health screening includes a health and work history questionnaire, general blood tests, a blood test for beryllium sensitization, urinalysis, lung function tests and chest X-rays, if needed. Participants will receive their test results and will be informed of any recommendations for follow-up medical care. ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************