***************************************************************** 05/04/06 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 14.106 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 US: Guardian Unlimited: Cheney has no regrets over Iraq invasion 2 IPS-English IRAN: Sabre-rattling Won't Work 3 IRNA: Mottaki meets Japanese delegation, stresses peaceful nuclear r 4 Guardian Unlimited: Report: Iran Makes Fuel Rods for Reactors 5 Guardian Unlimited: Iran Tops Bush, German Chancellor's Talks 6 Guardian Unlimited: Britain, France Introduce Iran Resolution 7 Guardian Unlimited: French PM: Force Not Solution for Iran 8 Guardian Unlimited: French Leader: Don't Fight Iran 9 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: IRI will not give up its relevant rights 10 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: Iran's nuclear issue is technical 11 AFP: Nuclear energy an 'essential right': Iranian foreign minister - 12 AFP: Security Council weighs binding draft on Iran nuclear program - 13 AFP: Defiant Iran looks to neighbours for support as pressure mounts 14 AFP: Israel has power to defend itself from nuclear Iran 15 IRNA: IPPNW calls for diplomatic settlement of Iranian nuclear dispu 16 AFP: White House rejects direct talks with Iran 17 IRNA: Iran, Portugal welcome closer cooperation to resolve nuclear r 18 IRNA: Experts to attend UNSC session on Iran's N-case 19 IRNA: French PM: Iran's nuclear issue should be solved through polit 20 Xinhua: India rejects amendments to nuclear deal 21 Guardian Unlimited: Cheney's Sharp Criticism Miffs Russia 22 Guardian Unlimited: Nuclear deja vu NUCLEAR REACTORS 23 France Can Phase Out Nuclear Power + Achieve Low CO2 24 US: DOS: U.S. Nuclear Power Industry Sees Expansion in Near Future- 25 The Australian: End debate on N-power 26 US: NRC: NRC Seeks Public Input on Environmental Review Associated w 27 US: Platts: New plant tax credit guidance posted on IRS web site 28 US: reviewjournal.com: Senators reserve judgment on nominee 29 US: NRC: NRC Proposes Additional Guidance on Information Required in 30 THERECORD.COM: Nuclear energy is safe 31 US: NRC: Report to Congress on Abnormal Occurrences; Fiscal Year 200 32 US: NRC: Regulatory Guide: Issuance, Availability 33 US: NRC: NRC Renews Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant Operating Licenses fo 34 US: Orlando Sentinel: House sees future in nuclear power - 35 US: Rutland Herald: State drops objections to Yankee uprate 36 UPI: Tunisia also seeking nuclear technology 37 Whitehaven News: Chernobyl still casts a long shadow NUCLEAR SECURITY 38 Edinburgh Evening News: Motorists warned of nuclear convoy dangers NUCLEAR SAFETY 39 US: Rocky Mountain News: Delays in nuke compensation angers Congress 40 US: Guardian Unlimited: House Approves Cargo Screening at Ports 41 US: New Mexican: Lawmakers criticize comp program for nuclear worker 42 BBC: Radioactive warning on Fife beach 43 US: NRC: NRC Proposes $16,250 Fine for Marcus Hook, Pa., Company for 44 US: Platts: Brush Wellman gets $7 million beryllium order for fusion 45 News & Star: Group faces court after radioactive leak NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 46 US: JCLDS: Church Urges Alternatives for Nuclear Waste 47 Guardian Unlimited: Undiagnosed nuclear waste lurking in Sellafield' 48 US: Helsingin Sanomat: Demonstrators come to Helsinki to protest aga 49 Bellona: Criminal action over nuclear leak at Sellafield 50 US: BBC: Living next to India's uranium mine - 51 reviewjournal.com: Survey suggests opposition 52 US: LA Daily: Water board reviews Boeing pollution waiver 53 US: Salt Lake Tribune: Senators blast security plans for N-waste 54 US: Salt Lake Tribune: LDS Church issues statement urging nuclear wa 55 US: The Dispatch: Olin Corp. Off the Hook 56 HSE: HSE to prosecute British nuclear group following leak at Sellaf 57 Whitehaven News: Troubled N-waste firm has eyes on Sellafield PEACE US DEPT. OF ENERGY 58 DOE: DOE Issues Draft Request for Proposals for Fermi National 59 DOE: Secretary Bodman Hosts Energy Ministers from Canada and Mexico 60 Tri-City Herald: Hanford landfill moves forward ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Guardian Unlimited: Cheney has no regrets over Iraq invasion Suzanne Goldenberg in Washington Thursday May 4, 2006 The Guardian Three years into the war that has come to define the legacy of the Bush administration Dick Cheney, the vice-president, has said he has no regrets about the decision to invade Iraq. Mr Cheney's refusal to admit to doubts about going to war highlights his isolation from an administration which has demonstrated a degree of candour about Iraq, as well as the rest of the country where only 37% approve of the White House's handling of the conflict. Mr Cheney has even less support; his approval ratings have dipped below 20%. But in an interview to appear in June's Vanity Fair magazine, he remained a picture of certitude. Asked whether in his "darkest nights" he ever doubted the decision to go to war, he said: "I think what we've done has been what needed to be done." Mr Cheney was unmoved by postwar disclosures about the use of hyped and faulty intelligence to make the case for the invasion - some of which has been tied directly to his office. He said: "In the end, you can argue about the quality of the intelligence and so forth, but ... I look at that whole spectrum of possibilities and options, and I think we did the right thing." Mr Cheney's refusal to countenance doubt caps a career in politics and business where he was chairman of Halliburton in the 1990s, guided by deeply conservative views. According to Vanity Fair Mr Cheney's first thought on visiting Moscow's Red Square in the 1980s was: "'Well, I guess we're at ground zero'" of any American nuclear strike." Other members of the government have admitted to mistakes in the war. Last month Condoleezza Rice, the secretary of state, said the US had made thousands of tactical errors. Meanwhile, Paul Wolfowitz and some other ardent supporters of the war have left the administration. Those departures have left Mr Cheney diminished within a government in which he had earlier been viewed as the guiding force. In the early days of George Bush's term Mr Cheney assembled a bigger national security staff than any of his predecessors. He also wanted to preside over meetings of the National Security Council in the president's absence - but was thwarted. Although Mr Cheney has suffered four heart attacks, there are hardline Republicans who would like him to run for president. But in recent months his power appears to be waning and he is increasingly viewed as a liability. In the interview Mr Cheney acknowledged that he had image problems, but appeared disinclined to repair that image. "My image might be better out there, this caricature you talk about might be avoided, if I spent more time as a public figure trying to improve my image, but that's not why I'm here," he said. [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 2 IPS-English IRAN: Sabre-rattling Won't Work Date: Thu, 04 May 2006 14:52:19 -0700 ROMAIPS AP CR DV HD IP NU=20 IRAN: Sabre-rattling Won't Work Analysis by Praful Bidwai=20 TEHRAN, May 4 (IPS) - With Russia and China signalling opposition, the dr= aft resolution circulated in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) b= y Britain, France and Germany, asking Iran to halt uranium enrichment, is= unlikely to enjoy smooth passage. The resolution demands that Iran should stop its nuclear research and dev= elopment activities, as well as the construction of a heavy water reactor= , or face 'further measures' under Chapter VII of the U.N. Charter. Resol= utions passed under this chapter are binding; and their breach can lead t= o penalties such as sanctions, or military action.=20 This resolution, backed by the United States, further escalates the West'= s pressure on Iran to halt its nuclear activities, suspected to be for mi= litary purposes. It follows Iran's defiance of a non-binding UNSC resolu= tion on Mar. 29 asking Iran to suspend its nuclear activities, and two ad= verse votes at the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna.=20 However, pressure or threat of military strikes is unlikely to convince I= ran to abandon its nuclear programme which, it maintains, is entirely pea= ceful and fully compatible with its obligations and rights under the nucl= ear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). Indeed, Iran has stiffened its stance= and announced that it has increased the level of uranium enrichment in i= ts pilot-scale facility at Natanz, from 3.6 percent to 4.8 percent.=20 Discussions with non-governmental security affairs experts here suggest t= hat direct talks between Iran and the U.S. leading to a compromise would = be a far superior and realistic way out of the present crisis than diplom= atic or political pressure.=20 A possible compromise would involve agreement by the U.S. and the Europea= n Union that Iran can conduct research on uranium enrichment on a pilot-s= cale on its own soil. It can also send uranium for industrial-scale enric= hment to Russia and then use it in its nuclear power reactors without rep= rocessing their spent fuel for plutonium. Iran must get guarantees of sec= urity and non-aggression by the U.S. In return, Iran would place its nucl= ear activities under intrusive IAEA inspections to ensure that materials = are not diverted to military use.=20 Such a compromise would become possible only if the U.S. gives up its obs= ession with =91regime change' in Iran and revises its assessment of the g= overnment in Tehran as irredeemably fundamentalist and the greatest sourc= e of =94international terrorism=94 and extremism.=20 Washington's European partners do not share this assessment. Last week, = EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana told a conference in Brussels that = no one is thinking of military action against Iran and that the EU would = not join a =94coalition of the willing=94 to attack Iran.=20 On Wednesday, German Chancellor Angela Merkel met President George W. Bus= h in Washington for discussions on, among other things, Iran. While agree= ing with him that Iran should not have nuclear weapons, she also advocate= d a step-by-step and peaceful approach within a diplomatic framework, dra= wing in =94as many partners as possible into the fold=94. In contrast, the U.S. is less interested in =94behavioural change=94 than= in =94regime change=94. It has reportedly drawn up plans for military st= rikes on up to 400 targets in Iran to take out its nuclear facilities.=20 Influential members of the U.S. establishment, such as former national se= curity advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski and former secretary of state Madelein= e Albright, have warned against such an adventurist course, which will ha= ve a devastating impact on U.S. influence and image in the Middle East.=20 Many Iranian experts, who insisted on anonymity for fear of harassment by= the government, told IPS that such sabre-rattling and military threats a= re unlikely to cow Iran into abandoning its nuclear activities. =94On the= contrary=94, said one, =94threats will strengthen the hands of the hardl= iners and unite the people behind the government. Iranians, especially th= e youth, who form a majority of the population, want greater freedom and = democracy. But they probably value national sovereignty and independence = even more=94.=20 Another analyst said: =94most Iranians retain a strong historical memory = of Western meddling in their affairs throughout the last century, includi= ng the toppling of the nationalistic, democratically elected Mossadegh go= vernment, support for the Shah's bloody regime, visceral hostility toward= s all Islamic leaders. They are unlikely to be impressed by the nuclear h= ypocrisy of the Big Powers. These Powers want Iran not even to have a pea= ceful nuclear programme, but they have no intention of fulfilling their c= ommitments under the NPT to disarm their nuclear weapons, which run into = thousands=94.=20 A central assumption behind the West's hostility towards Iran is guided b= y a stereotype. Iran is seen as a kindred version of Saudi Arabia or Tali= banist Afghanistan, with a brand of Islam that is intolerant, doctrinaire= , and inflexible. Iranian society is regarded as backward, anti-modern, a= nd marked by medieval attitudes. Within the stereotype, most people readi= ly submit themselves to fanatical mullahs, who regulate their daily life.= =20 These assumptions are not supported by ground reality. Sociologists and s= cholars say that Islam in Iran is more ritualistic than ideological or do= ctrine-driven. In the streets of Tehran, one comes across portraits of va= rious prophets and the great Shia imams, including Hossain.=20 Middle class Iranians are more interested in Hindu spiritual gurus and cu= lt-figures like Rajneesh, Sai Baba, Mahesh Yogi, Satya Sai Baba and Sri S= ri Ravi Shankar than in Islamic clerics. Many are yoga enthusiasts and ve= getarians.=20 The clerics do not command universal respect in Iran. Taxi-drivers often = refuse to be hired by them. They are seen as overbearing and intrusive of= people's privacy. The hijab dress code can only be imposed with a degree= of coercion. Many women defy it subtly or overtly. They routinely wear l= ipstick, expose their ankles, and cover their heads only partially.=20 Young Iranians hate to be regimented and are thoroughly modern in outlook= . In their behaviour on a university campus or in cafes, they are not par= ticularly distinguishable from say, Indian, Thai or South African student= s. Iran has high Internet connectivity and the world's third largest numb= er of blogs. Farsi is the fifth most used language by bloggers worldwide.= =20 Unlike in many parts of the Middle East, Iran has an active, lively civil= society as well as a vibrant intellectual and artistic life. ***** +Defiant but Ready to Deal=20 (http://www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=3D33031) (END/IPS/AP/IP/CR/NU/DV/HD/PB/RDR/06)=20 =20 =3D 05041854 ORP008 NNNN ***************************************************************** 3 IRNA: Mottaki meets Japanese delegation, stresses peaceful nuclear rights - Tehran, May 4, IRNA Iran-Japan-Nuclear Visiting Japanese Parliamentary delegation met here Wednesday with Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki and discussed bilateral relations, regional developments and Iran nuclear dossier, the Foreign Ministry Press Department reported. Mottaki referred to Iran's efforts on establishing stability and security in Iraq and Afghanistan. Iran has 10,000 years of civilization, history and culture and has always striven to safeguarded peace and stability in the region. He also referred to Japan as a trusted ally of Iran. There are no negative episodes in Iran Japan relations. He said confidence building is a two-way street. We suspended all enrichment activities for three years, but Europe did not present an acceptable offer. "Hence, we have lost confidence in the West and is now the West's turn to build confidence with us." He added that the referral of Iran's nuclear dossier devoted to research and scientific activities to the US Security Council is politically-motivated. They want us to build confidence with those who have started two world wars in the last century and are the first to use nuclear weapons. Mottaki further said that suspension of nuclear research is "impossible." Iran is ready to discuss ways to protect our rights entitled to as part of our membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and provide objective guarantees for not deviating from Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), he stated. Mottaki also referred to the nationalization of Iran's oil industry and efforts by Britain to refer Iran's case to the Security Council saying "the instrumental use of Security Council will lead to its weakness." "We are ready to form a consortium with Japan or other nations to embark on joint enrichment under the supervision of the consortium." Head of Japanese delegation Okada decried his opposition to "negative actions" towards Iran. The non-membership of the US in NPT, lack of decisive acts with regards to reducing weapons of mass destruction across the globe, claims by Washington in using nuclear weapons if needed and membership in the nuclear club by some countries without regards to the NPT revisions, will gradually weaken the agreement, he added. He said the failure of the US in Afghanistan and its unilateral attack on Iraq should be a lesson for the US. Meanwhile, Iran will implement the Additional Protocol to the Non-Proliferation Treaty if International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is tasked with the probe, deputy head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organization (IAEO) for International Affairs, Mohammad Saeedi, told IRNA on Sunday. Iran's refusal to implement the Additional Protocol so far was a "correct policy", he said, stressing, "Expansion of Iran's cooperation with the IAEA will never be tantamount to suspension of uranium enrichment." Pointing to Friday report by the IAEA chief Mohamed ElBaradei on Iran's nuclear program, Saeedi said, "The report did not use phrases such as the IAEA cannot prove peaceful purpose of Iran's nuclear activities, mentioned in previous reports. "Although we are not completely satisfied with the report, but there were fewer biting words in it compared with previous ones." The IAEO official said, "The Islamic Republic of Iran will proceed with cooperation with the IAEA and is ready to go ahead with more confidence-building measures in terms of enforcing Additional Protocol to NPT. "The IAEA will continue visits to Iran's nuclear facilities. The last round of inspections was conducted on April 25. The inspectors left Iran but will come back again." ***************************************************************** 4 Guardian Unlimited: Report: Iran Makes Fuel Rods for Reactors From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday May 4, 2006 7:01 PM AP Photo VAH102 By NASSER KARIMI Associated Press Writer TEHRAN, Iran (AP) - Iran is producing fuel rods for nuclear reactors, state radio reported Thursday in the government's latest attempt to boost a nuclear program that world powers are trying to curb. Power-control rods, or fuel rods, contain low-enriched uranium and are inserted into a nuclear reactor's core to make the reactor run. ``After sanctions from the U.S., experts from Iran's atomic energy organization have produced better quality rods than the foreign samples,'' the radio reported. It said these Iranian-produced rods were already in use in a 5-megawatt reactor built by the United States - before Iran's 1979 Islamic revolution - at the nuclear research center in Tehran. Enriched uranium can be used in the production of nuclear energy or weapons. Iran, a signatory to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, insists its nuclear program is aimed only at producing electricity. But the United States, France and Britain are pressing for a U.N. Security Council resolution that would demand Iran abandon uranium enrichment or face the threat of unspecified further measures. Wade Boese, a research director at the Arms Control Association, said that mastering the production of fuel rods was not a major technical development. ``It doesn't strike me as the most significant step forward,'' Boese said in Washington. The key notch toward nuclear technology and weapons is the capacity to enrich uranium, which Iran has already announced. Boese said the power-control rod was a purely technical device used in any nuclear reactor. The new announcement showed Iran was trying to prove its overall intent to produce energy, not warheads, Boese said. ``I think they're saying this to bolster their peaceful bona fides,'' he said. Iran's top nuclear negotiator Ali Larijani said earlier this week that a first nuclear plant would be fully operational in 2007. Iran had expected the Bushehr plant, which was built with Russian help, to be in operation by the end of this year. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 5 Guardian Unlimited: Iran Tops Bush, German Chancellor's Talks From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday May 4, 2006 9:01 AM AP Photo WHGH108 WASHINGTON (AP) - In their second meeting at the White House, President Bush and German Chancellor Angela Merkel vowed to keep pressing Iran on its nuclear program as other allies took the issue to the United Nations. ``We will continue to consult with our partners as to how to achieve a diplomatic solution to this issue.'' Bush said after his Oval Office meetings with Merkel on Wednesday. ``Under no circumstances must Iran be allowed to come into possession of nuclear weapons,'' Merkel said. Merkel was going to New York on Thursday for a meeting with business leaders. She was to return to Washington later Thursday to address the American Jewish Committee's gala marking the organization's 100th anniversary. No other German chancellor has addressed the AJC. Her comments with Bush on Wednesday came as Britain and France introduced a U.N. Security Council resolution, with U.S. and German backing, that would be legally binding and set the stage for sanctions against Iran if it does not abandon uranium enrichment. Russia and China, permanent members of the Security Council with veto power, oppose sanctions against Iran, while Britain, France, Germany and the United States say they will seek to make the demand on uranium enrichment compulsory. Iran, meanwhile, continued to publicize the nuclear weapons work it insists it's doing to produce energy, not weapons. The resolution asserts that Iran ``shall suspend all enrichment related and reprocessing activities,'' according to the text presented to the council. Bush also announced that he would be traveling to Germany in July as part of a trip to Europe for the Group of Eight summit in Russia. This was Merkel's second visit with Bush in four months. Other issues on their agenda were Iraq, trade, the Middle East, Darfur peace talks, Merkel's scheduled visit to China next month and the G-8 summit. Merkel and Bush had a friendly meeting during the chancellor's first trip in January, despite her criticism of the U.S. prison camp at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. It was a sharp contrast to the chill that existed between Bush and Merkel's predecessor, Gerhard Schroeder, who was a vigorous critic of the war in Iraq. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 6 Guardian Unlimited: Britain, France Introduce Iran Resolution From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday May 4, 2006 8:46 AM AP Photo UNDK115 By NICK WADHAMS Associated Press Writer UNITED NATIONS (AP) - Over Chinese and Russian opposition, Western nations circulated a U.N. Security Council resolution that would demand Iran abandon uranium enrichment or face the threat of unspecified further measures, a possible reference to sanctions. Britain and France, backed by the United States, hope to wrap up negotiations on the legally binding resolution before a meeting of foreign ministers in New York on Monday. However, diplomats acknowledged that resistance from China and Russia may prolong talks well beyond that. The resolution, presented Wednesday, is the latest in weeks of negotiations over how to confront suspicions about Iran's nuclear program, which Tehran insists is for peaceful purposes. The United States and France accuse the country of secretly trying to build nuclear weapons. ``Once again, the key to this lies in Iran's hands,'' U.S. Ambassador John Bolton said. ``If they give up the pursuit of nuclear weapons, a lot of things are possible. If they continue to bluster and to threaten and obfuscate and try to throw sand in our eyes, then we're onto a different circumstance.'' The resolution mandates that Iran suspend enrichment and warns the council would ``consider such further measures as may be necessary to ensure compliance'' - language that opens the door to sanctions. It calls on Iran to stop construction of a heavy-water reactor and demands that nations ``exercise vigilance'' in blocking the transfer of goods and technology that could help Iran's uranium reprocessing and missile programs. The council would also seek a report back from the U.N. nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency, on Iran's compliance. No timeframe has been set for that report but France's U.N. Ambassador Jean-Marc de La Sabliere said he wanted it no later than early June. The resolution was written under Chapter 7 of the U.N. Charter, which makes any demands mandatory and allows for the use of sanctions - and possibly force - if they are not obeyed. Any sanctions would require another resolution. That could force a showdown with Russia, which has arms and technology deals with Iran, as well as China. Both nations have said they adamantly oppose tough council action, including sanctions, and the two could use their veto power on the council to block it. ``I don't think this draft as it stands now will produce good results,'' China's U.N. Ambassador Wang Guangya said as he emerged from the Security Council meeting where the draft was introduced. ``I think it's tougher than expected.'' The resolution was drafted by Britain, France and Germany, the three European Union nations that have led negotiations with Iran. Ambassadors said discussions between the three EU nations, the United States, China and Russia were only beginning over the resolution. Ambassadors said the Chapter 7 element was the core of the resolution, suggesting that other language, like the threat of further measures and blocking technology transfers, could be scrapped. ``On the strategic objective, there's nothing between the six of us. We do not want to see an Iran with a nuclear weapon capability,'' Britain's Ambassador Emyr Jones-Parry said. ``On the detail of the resolution, there have been exchanges of views and those will continue.'' President Bush has stressed that the United States will continue to focus on diplomacy. But he refuses to rule out military action if necessary. When asked last month if the United States would consider ``the possibility of a nuclear strike'' if Tehran refuses to halt uranium enrichment, Bush replied, ``All options are on the table.'' Russia, a firm opponent of the resolution, was clearly wary that some language in the new draft could be seen as opening the door to military action. That would likely include the reference to ``further measures.'' ``We do not believe the matter can be resolved by use of force, so that does reflect in our attitude to various possibilities in the text of the resolution,'' Russia's U.N. Ambassador Vitaly Churkin said. Wang said he also opposed language that refers to the ``proliferation risks presented by the Iranian nuclear program'' and ``the threat to international peace and security.'' Last month, the Security Council issued a nonbinding statement that Iran comply with previous demands to abandon enrichment, which can also be used to make the fissile core of nuclear weapons. That statement asked for a report from IAEA director-general Mohamed ElBaradei in 30 days on Iran's compliance. As had been widely expected, ElBaradei issued a report Friday saying Iran had not complied, laying the groundwork for Wednesday's resolution. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 7 Guardian Unlimited: French PM: Force Not Solution for Iran From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday May 4, 2006 11:31 AM PARIS (AP) - France's prime minister said Thursday that military action is not the solution to the international standoff over Iran's nuclear program. President Bush has stressed that the United States will continue to focus on diplomacy in trying to persuade Iran to halt the enrichment of uranium, which can be used to develop nuclear weapons. However, he refuses to rule out military action if necessary. When asked last month whether U.S. options regarding Iran ``include the possibility of a nuclear strike'' if Tehran refuses to halt uranium enrichment, Bush replied, ``All options are on the table.'' ``My conviction is that military action is not the solution,'' French Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin said at a monthly news conference Thursday. He also urged ``unity'' and ``firmness'' within the international community in dealing with Iran. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 8 Guardian Unlimited: French Leader: Don't Fight Iran From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday May 4, 2006 1:31 PM AP Photo XFM104 PARIS (AP) - France's prime minister said Thursday that military action is not the solution to the international standoff over Iran's nuclear program. French Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin said the war in Iraq should serve as a warning against attacking Iran. ``My conviction is that military action is not the solution,'' Villepin said at a monthly news conference. ``We have already lived through this type of scenario and we know that not only does it settle nothing, but it can raise risks. We have seen this in the most clear way with Iraq.'' President Bush has refused to rule out military action if Iran ignores U.N. demands to halt uranium enrichment, though he has stressed that the United States will continue to focus on diplomacy. When asked last month whether U.S. options regarding Iran ``include the possibility of a nuclear strike,'' Bush replied, ``All options are on the table.'' France and other Western nations circulated a U.N. Security Council resolution Wednesday that would demand Iran abandon uranium enrichment or face the threat of unspecified further measures - a possible reference to sanctions. China and Russia oppose the measure. The resolution is the latest effort to pressure Iran to stop what the United States and its allies suspect is a clandestine nuclear weapons program. Iran says it is developing nuclear technology purely for energy. Villepin urged ``unity'' and ``firmness'' within the international community on the standoff, adding that Russian and Chinese support for any resolution was necessary ``for the credibility of our action, the pressure on Iran.'' Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 9 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: IRI will not give up its relevant rights 2006/05/04 10:08:51 Ţ.Ů Tehran, May 4 - Foreign Ministry Spokesman Hamid-Reza Asefi here Wednesday called on the negotiators involved in Iran's nuclear issue to understand and accept the realities and solve the issue through talks. In response to the deceleration of the French Foreign Ministry issued about the Paris meeting, he said that development of Iran's nuclear programs are based on the safeguard agreement and NPT. "As indicated by the reports of the UN nuclear watchdog, no deviation from peaceful nuclear path has been observed and Iran has been complying with the NPT," he added. Asefi underlined that the world community is not concerned about Iran's peaceful nuclear activities, rather the US and a few other states declare their own view as that of the world community. He recommended the parties who attended the Paris meeting to solve the issue through reasonable ways such as talks instead of using the language of force, which merely makes the situation more complicated and difficult. The Spokesman said, "As a country possessing nuclear technology, Iran will not give up its relevant rights. Such a fact should be understood by the negotiators involved in the case." SAM Copyright 2004, All Rights Reserved By Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News Network Sponsored By IRIB News Computer Center. E-Mail: Webmaster@IRIBNEWS.ir ***************************************************************** 10 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: Iran's nuclear issue is technical 2006/05/04 Islamabad, May 4 - Diplomatic solution to any problem is the most viable and durable option to resolve any issue and it is imperative for the world community to influence settlement of Iranian nuclear question through talks, a member of Pakistan parliament said here on Wednesday. Pakistan Peoples' Party (opposition) lawmaker Manzoor Wassan told IRNA here in an interview at the Parliament House that war of words or hurling threats would only aggravate the situation, which in no way would serve the cause of peace in the world. "The issue is of technical nature that is being painted as political by the United States and its allies," he maintained. The member of the National Assembly, (Lower House of the Parliament) supported Iran's right to peaceful use of nuclear technology for progress and well-being of its people. "The West will have to do away with the policy of double standard on allowing its favorites to do whatever they want to and forcing others, particularly Muslim countries, to remain ignorant and technologically obsolete," he decried. He criticised the US because of not paying attention to the Zionist regime's nuclear arms' stockpile. SAM Copyright 2004, All Rights Reserved By Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News Network Sponsored By IRIB News Computer Center. ***************************************************************** 11 AFP: Nuclear energy an 'essential right': Iranian foreign minister - Thu May 4, 7:46 AM ET BAKU (AFP) - Iran" /> insists on developing nuclear energy and hopes the United Nations" /> Security Council will not politicise this "essential right", Iranian Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki revealed. "The member states of the NPT should enjoy... their right, which is peaceful nuclear technology. We are insisting on that," Mottaki said Thursday, in a reference to the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Mottaki called on the international community not to violate "the essential rights of countries" and said Iran was opposed to action by the UN Security Council on his country's nuclear programme. "The nuclear issue of Iran is a technical issue in the framework for consideration in the IAEA and taking the case to the Security Council or anywhere else is a political decision which is not acceptable," Mottaki said, in a reference to the UN's nuclear monitoring body, the International Atomic Energy Agency" /> . "Returning the case to the IAEA will prepare the ground for a return to full cooperation," he said. Mottaki was attending a regional economic conference of the 10-country Economic Cooperation Organisation taking place in Iran's neighbour Azerbaijan. Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was due in Baku later Thursday and was scheduled to meet Azeri President Ilham Aliyev. A summit of top officials from the 10-country group, which includes Afghanistan" /> , Pakistan and Turkey, was to take place Friday. The meeting was being held after Britain and France began circulating a draft resolution in the UN Security Council that would legally oblige Iran to comply with UN demands that it freeze uranium enrichment. Mottaki said Iran was ready to cooperate with the international community provided that its nuclear programme was treated as a "technical issue". "In such a case, definitely Iran is in a position to continue its full cooperation," he said. "The issue must not be politicised." There were no grounds for Western suspicions that Iran's nuclear energy programme is a cover for developing nuclear weapons, he added. "Our position on nuclear weapons is clear: we are against, and support removing all nuclear weapons in the world," Mottaki said. For his part, Azerbaijan's foreign minister appeared to reflect worries about the heightened tensions surrounding his country's large neighbour. While Azerbaijan was bound by all UN resolutions, "we said that any state a member of the UN and the IAEA has a full right developing its nuclear energy under IAEA control" Foreign Minister Elmar Mammadyarov said. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 12 AFP: Security Council weighs binding draft on Iran nuclear program - Thu May 4, 6:09 PM ET UNITED NATIONS (AFP) - The UN Security Council mulled a binding Franco-British draft resolution demanding a halt to Iran" /> Iran's uranium enrichment work as Paris ruled out using force to end the standoff with Tehran. Envoys of the council's five permanent members -- Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States -- met behind closed doors to review the text as technical experts of the full 15-member council met separately to pore over it for possible changes. "We had a very frank discussion and we understand better our positions," French ambassador Jean-Marc de La Sabliere said as he emerged from the gathering. "We will propose another meeting tomorrow..I still believe we can have things move swiftly." "We had a good discussion," British ambassador Emyr Jones Parry concurred. "We (the P5) are going to meet again tomorrow morning.' "I hope the full council will meet in the afternoon (Friday) to consider where we are," US Ambassador John Bolton said. Council ambassadors meanwhile awaited instructions from their capitals ahead of a vote which US officials now say is not expected before Monday's New York meeting of foreign ministers of six major powers working on the Iran nuclear issue. The six countries are Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States -- the five veto-wielding council permanent members -- plus Germany. In Washington, State Department spokesman Sean McCormack said ambassadors of the "P5" plus Germany would discuss the draft over dinner in New York on Monday. "I don't really expect it (the resolution) to come to a vote before the dinner," a senior US official, speaking on background on condition of anonymity, said in Washington. In his first public reaction to the draft, Iran's UN envoy Javad Zarif said that "if it is an attempt to get Iran to agree, it is not a good one ... Iran does not respond to threats and intimidation." Iran insists its nuclear ambitions are strictly peaceful. But Washington and its European allies accuse Tehran of using its civilian program as a cover to build atomic weapons. The Franco-British draft invokes Chapter 7 of the UN Charter, which can authorize economic sanctions or even military action as a last resort in cases of threats to international peace and security. It needs at least nine yes votes and no veto from any of the council's five permanent members to pass. It demands that Iran suspend "all enrichment-related and reprocessing activities, including research and development, and suspend the construction of a reactor moderated by heavy water". It also calls on all states to "exercise vigilance" in preventing the transfer to Iran of equipment that could assist its nuclear and missile programs. The text, drafted in close consultations with Germany and the United States, did not set a specific timeframe for Iran to comply, but France's UN Ambassador Jean-Marc de La Sabliere said Tehran was expected to do so "no later than early June". Russia and China have already indicated that they have a problem with the reference to Chapter 7, because it had been used by Washington to justify going to war in Iraq" /> Iraqeven though there was no explicit UN authorization. Beijing and Moscow, which have close trading ties with Tehran, are cool to sanctions and adamantly oppose resorting to military action against Iran. In Paris, French Premier Dominique de Villepin also said Thursday that military action was not the answer, drawing on the US-led invasion and occupation of Iraq as an example. "We know that not only would it not solve anything, but that sometimes worsens, further, the situation. We saw that in a clear way with Iraq," he noted. Meanwhile Washington rejected a call by one of its key allies, Germany, for one-on-one US-Iran talks on Tehran's nuclear program. Iran and the United States have not had direct relations since 1980, which many experts say is a major factor in the current diplomatic impasse. In another burst of defiance, Iran claimed Thursday it had made more progress in ultra-sensitive nuclear work. "Iran can now mass-produce centrifuges. This is an important success, because no other country was willing to sell us this technology," a deputy head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organisation, Hossein Faghihian, was quoted as saying in Iranian media. Centrifuges are used to enrich uranium for either nuclear reactor fuel or atomic bomb material. In a related development, Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad arrived Thursday in neighbouring Azerbaijan to seek regional support. Ahmadinejad met the leaders of Afghanistan" /> Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Pakistan and Turkey Thursday, before attending a 10-country economic forum Friday, Azerbaijan's presidential office said. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 13 AFP: Defiant Iran looks to neighbours for support as pressure mounts Thu May 4, 12:50 PM ET BAKU (AFP) - Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has flown to neighbouring Azerbaijan to seek regional support as Tehran reiterated its "essential" right to nuclear power. Ahmadinejad was meeting with leaders of Afghanistan" /> , Azerbaijan, Pakistan and Turkey -- all neighbours of Iran" /> -- on the sidelines of a 10-country economic forum, the Azeri presidential office told AFP. Iranian Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki also lashed out at Western pressure for tough UN action aimed at stopping his country's nuclear programme. "Member states of the NPT (nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty) should enjoy... their right, which is peaceful nuclear technology. We are insisting on that," Mottaki told journalists in Azerbaijan's capital Baku. Mottaki called on the international community not to violate "the essential rights of countries." The United States and Europe allege that Iran is trying to acquire a nuclear bomb under cover of a civilian power network currently being built with Russian help. A draft UN Security Council resolution sponsored by Britain and France would legally oblige Iran to comply with UN demands that it suspend enrichment of uranium or face possible sanctions. Iran says it needs enriched uranium as fuel for its civilian nuclear programme and refuses to halt the work. Underlining the defiance Thursday, a deputy head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organisation, Hossein Faghihian, announced a new breakthrough in the country's enrichment capability, according to Iranian media. The international crisis overshadowed Ahmadinejad's presence at the summit in Baku of the Economic Cooperation Organisation (ECO), which comprises Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Pakistan, Turkey and the ex-Soviet Central Asian states. But the economic forum also gave Iran a chance to lobby for support from fellow Muslim countries. Ahmadinejad's meetings were scheduled to include the presidents of Afghanistan and Azerbaijan as well as the prime ministers of Pakistan and Turkey. Turkish Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul said that Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan would be urging Ahmadinejad to compromise. "All of us should make efforts for peace. We should insist on diplomatic means and find a compromise," he said on Turkish NTV television. Azerbaijani Foreign Minister Elmar Mammadyarov, however, highlighted Iran's right to nuclear power. While Azerbaijan is bound by UN resolutions, "we said that any state (which is) a member of the UN and the IAEA has a full right developing its nuclear energy under IAEA control," Mammadyarov told journalists. He said he was "deeply convinced" of the need to avoid escalating the international standoff into a military confrontation. He also expressed fears among Iran's neighbours at the wider fallout from possible economic sanctions. "We said that the most difficult situation will be for neighbouring countries," Mammadyarov said. Referring to previous international sanctions against Iraq" /> and in the Balkans, he said: "It is not clear who suffered more -- the countries under sanctions, or their neighbours." Mottaki was adamant, declaring that Iran was ready to discuss the standoff with experts from the UN monitoring body -- the International Atomic Energy Agency" /> (IAEA) -- but not in the UN Security Council. "The nuclear issue of Iran is a technical issue in the framework for consideration in the IAEA... Returning the case to the IAEA will prepare the ground for a return to full cooperation," Mottaki said. "The issue must not be politicised." Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 14 AFP: Israel has power to defend itself from nuclear Iran Thu May 4, 12:42 PM ET JERUSALEM (AFP) - Israel" /> Israelhas the power and ability to defend itself from a nuclear Iran" /> Iran, which is the most dangerous threat to world peace, incoming Israeli prime minister Ehud Olmert told lawmakers. "Israel, which has become a target for destruction of the evil tyrants in Tehran, is not powerless and has the ability to defend itself from every threat," Olmert said in a speech to parliament in which he presented his new government guidelines. Tehran has been under international pressure to suspend its nuclear activities, which it insists are for civilian energy purposes but which the West and Israel believe are a mask for manufacturing an atomic bomb. "The drive of the dark tyrant and terror-supporting regime to develop nuclear weapons is the most dangerous development in the world nowadays and the international community must do everything in its power to stop it," Olmert said. "The looming threat from Iran is casting its shadow on the entire region and threatens world peace." Olmert, who recently likened Iranian President leader Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to Adolph Hitler, renewed his attack on the hardliner, who has called for Israel to be wiped off the map. Olmert said "the Iranian president's statements should not be taken lightly -- he means every word he says." US and European officials are pushing for a tough, binding UN resolution demanding that Iran suspend uranium enrichment. Less-enriched uranium can be used as fuel in nuclear reactors, but a much purer version can form the explosive core of bombs. "Only a resolute and uncomprimising international front in the face of Iran's objectives could stop this danger," Olmert told lawmakers. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 15 IRNA: IPPNW calls for diplomatic settlement of Iranian nuclear dispute Berlin, May 3, IRNA Germany-Iran-IPPNW International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) on Wednesday urged a diplomatic settlement of the ongoing nuclear row with Iran. The organization said in a press statement that any diplomatic solution of the crisis must involve 'the legitimate security interests of all parties'. IPPNW rejected continued US military threats against Iran. The doctors' group also called for the creation of nuclear weapons-free Middle East and the global destruction of all nuclear arms. Meanwhile IPPNW urged the German government to halt its exports of 'Dolphin' submarines to Israel which can be modified to carry nuclear warheads. ***************************************************************** 16 AFP: White House rejects direct talks with Iran Thu May 4, 12:31 PM ET WASHINGTON (AFP) - The White House again rejected the idea of one-on-one talks with Iran" /> Iran, saying that the dispute over Tehran's nuclear program is not bilateral, but one that affects many countries. "This is a threat posed to the region and to the world," White House spokesman Scott McClellan told reporters. He added: "This is not a bilateral issue between the regime and the United States, this is an issue between the regime and the international community." Iran and the United States have not had direct relations since 1980, which many experts say is a big factor in the current diplomatic impasse. Frank-Walter Steinmeier, the foreign minister of US ally Germany, recently called for direct talks between the two countries. McClellan expressed US support for a resolution circulated by France and Britain in the UN Security Council, calling on Iran to halt its uranium enrichment program. Meanwhile Tehran claimed Thursday it had made more progress in ultra-sensitive nuclear work, showing yet more defiance in the face of Western lobbying for tough Security Council action. The Franco-British text, worked out in close consultation with Germany and the United States, invokes Chapter 7 of the UN Charter, which can authorize economic sanctions or even as a last resort the use of force in cases of threats to international peace and security. Russia and China -- which both have veto powers on the Council -- appear to be opposed the text, but McClellan said the process is in its early stages. "This is a draft resolution," said McClellan. "It's been circulated by the United Kingdom and France, and we are supportive of it." Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 17 IRNA: Iran, Portugal welcome closer cooperation to resolve nuclear row Madrid, May 4, IRNA Iran-Portugal-Nuclear Portugal's deputy Foreign Minister for European Affairs said Wednesday that his country welcomes a diplomatic solution supervised by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) over Iranian nuclear standoff. in meeting Iranian ambassador to Lisbon Mohammad Taheri, Fernando Noush said that Portugal believes that all countries including Iran have the right for access to peaceful nuclear energy. He also expressed hope that Iran could satisfy the IAEA by removing ambiguities regarding its nuclear program based on the provisions delineated in the Non-Proliferation-Treaty (NPT) to reach a diplomatic solution. He also referred to the report by the IAEA secretary general confirming Iran cooperation with the nuclear watchdog agency and non-deviation in Iran's nuclear activities. He said that his country as a member of IAEA Board of Directors welcome closer cooperation with Tehran over the issue. Taheri also alluded to the recent developments in the region and visits by many of the high-ranking officials and leaders and Iran's thorough consultations with other countries over its nuclear dossier. He also stressed Iran's legitimate right to use peaceful nuclear technology. Taheri said that given the biased and one-sided views expressed in the Western media, there is a need for increasing exchange of visits by the two nations' officials with the aim of gathering correct and pertinent information. In related news, Foreign Ministry spokesman Hamid-Reza Asefi said Sunday that the only way to end the current situation is to place Iran's nuclear dossier on the agenda of the UN nuclear watchdog. Speaking to domestic and foreign reporters at his weekly briefing session, he said that reporting the nuclear issue to the UN Security Council (UNSC) is actually a humiliation for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Asefi said that the UNSC does not have the capability to examine the case, given that it is not specialized in the field. ***************************************************************** 18 IRNA: Experts to attend UNSC session on Iran's N-case May 4, IRNA -- The UN Security Council's rotating president for the month of May, Congolese Ambassador to the UN Basile Ikouebe, said here that experts will attend the Council's session next Thursday that will discuss Iran's nuclear case. Speaking to reporters at UN headquarters in New York, Ikouebe said technical people will be present in the session to give their views on the latest report of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)Director-General Mohamed ElBaradei on Iran's nuclear activities. The US, France and Britain have circulated among Security Council members a tough draft resolution for the Council's approval which will legally oblige Iran to comply with the demand to halt all nuclear enrichment activities. ElBaradei had confirmed that Tehran had not deviated from its declared nuclear activities for peaceful purposes. Iran has repeatedly given the assurance that its nuclear programs are for peaceful, civilian purposes. ***************************************************************** 19 IRNA: French PM: Iran's nuclear issue should be solved through political means Paris, May 4, IRNA Iran-France-Nuclear French Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin said here Thursday that Iran's nuclear issue should be resolved through political means. Speaking to reporters, he said France has put finding a political solution to Iran's nuclear standoff on its agenda. The international community's concerns about Iran's uranium enrichment is on the rise, he said, adding that the international community should take a firm decision based on the reports of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the country's refusal to suspend uranium enrichment. France has called on the UN to issue a resolution on Iran's nuclear program to indicate that the international community would take a united stance against Iran. Military action against Iran is not a suitable solution to put an end to the country's nuclear dossier, he said. Referring to US aggression on Iraq, he said any military action against Iran cannot solve the country's nuclear standoff and the issue should be resolved through cooperation between the international community and the United Nations. There is another solution which is to let UN inspectors resume their inspection of the country's nuclear installations, he underlined. Every body knows that Iran's nuclear standoff would not be resolve thorough short-time military operations and this would create numerous problems for the whole region, he said. ***************************************************************** 20 Xinhua: India rejects amendments to nuclear deal www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2006-05-04 21:57:15 NEW DELHI, May 4 (Xinhua) -- India Thursday rejected suggestions by U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice that New Delhi accept "amendments" to the civil nuclear agreement and asserted that it will strictly go by the July 18 joint statement agreed upon between the two countries last year. "The government of India's position remains that our commitments are those that are outlined in the joint statement of July 18, 2005," Indo-Asian News Service quoted Indian external affairs ministry spokesperson Navtej Sarna as saying. He was responding to media reports that quote Rice telling Indian parliamentarians visiting the US that India should "be ready for some amendments" to the nuclear deal. Last month India had rejected a U.S. condition that it will terminate nuclear cooperation if New Delhi tested a nuclear device.The clause was included in a U.S. draft agreement on civil nuclearcooperation between the two countries. New Delhi underlined that it had already announced a voluntary moratorium on nuclear tests. India and the U.S. reached a deal on civil nuclear cooperation during a visit by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to Washington last July. The deal on separating India's civilian and military facilities was clinched when U.S. President George Bush visited Delhi in March. As the two countries negotiate a bilateral civil nuclear cooperation agreement and the debate on Capitol Hill becomes more intense, the Bush administration stressed on an early passage of the bill through Congress for amending the Atomic Energy Act 1954 in favor of nuclear commerce with India. Some Congressmen have been insisting on imposing extra conditions to the nuclear deal, but New Delhi has made it clear that such attempts would end up killing the deal. Enditem Editor: Yan Zhonghua Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 21 Guardian Unlimited: Cheney's Sharp Criticism Miffs Russia From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday May 4, 2006 10:31 PM AP Photo XMK144 By DAVID ESPO AP Special Correspondent VILNIUS, Lithuania (AP) - Vice President Dick Cheney on Thursday accused Russia of cracking down on religious and political rights and using its energy reserves as ``tools of intimidation or blackmail.'' It was a hard slap at Vladimir Putin as the United States seeks Russia's cooperation in punishing Iran. Cheney's criticism - some of the administration's toughest language about Russia - came just two months before President Bush joins Putin in St. Petersburg for a summit of major industrial powers. Cheney warned that Russia's backsliding could harm Moscow's relations with the United States and Europe. ``Russia has a choice to make. And there is no question that a return to democratic reform in Russia will generate future success for its people and greater respect among fellow nations,'' the vice president said in remarks to Eastern European leaders who govern in Moscow's enormous shadow. Russian officials reacted angrily. ``Cheney's speech looks like a provocation and interference in Russia's internal affairs in terms of its content, form and place,'' former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev was quoted as saying by the Interfax news agency. Deputy Foreign Minister Grigory Karasin expressed annoyance that Russia had not been invited to the conference of former Soviet republics and allies. A Russian lawmaker, ultranationalist Vladimir Zhirinovsky, dismissed Cheney's comments as ``absolutely false accusations.'' He said Cheney had expressed the opinion ``of only part of the U.S. political elite'' but not that of Bush. The White House said Cheney's criticism was a reiteration of concerns expressed by Bush and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. Early this year the administration angered Russia with criticism that the Kremlin had used its energy resources as a political weapon by sharply raising natural gas prices to Western-leaning Ukraine amid a sharp dispute that led to a halt of gas exports to other European nations. An agreement eventually ended the impasse, but it raised questions of Russia's dependability as a supplier. Washington has since tried to avoid provoking Russia, during sensitive negotiations over the international response to Iran's disputed nuclear program. Russia stands as the main obstacle to tough penalties or other measures to deter Iran from pursuing nuclear technology the West says is part of a drive to build a bomb. Russia is a permanent, veto-holding member of the U.N. Security Council and has said it is opposed to tough punishment for Iran, a major trade and investment partner. Russia recently rebuffed U.S. requests to end or scale back nuclear cooperation and arms deals with Tehran. Rice has said it is too soon to tell whether Russia will allow the Security Council to act against Iran. Cheney's address was the centerpiece of his six-day trip to Lithuania, Kazakhstan and Croatia. He held individuals meetings Thursday with the leaders of Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland and Georgia. In his speech, Cheney said opponents of reform in Russia ``are seeking to reverse the gains of the last decade'' after the 1991 collapse of the Soviet empire. ``In many areas of civil society - from religion and the news media to advocacy groups and political parties - the government has unfairly and improperly restricted the rights of her people,'' Cheney said. ``Other actions by the Russian government have been counterproductive and could begin to affect relations with other countries,'' he said. Cheney said ``no legitimate interest is served when oil and gas become tools of intimidation or blackmail ... and no one can justify actions that undermine the territorial integrity of a neighbor or interfere with democratic movements.'' U.S. officials said Cheney's remark concerning territorial integrity was meant to apply to Georgia and Moldova, both former parts of the Soviet Union where the administration says Russia is playing an unhelpful role in solving separatist conflicts. Russia has had military bases in Georgia as well as troops in Moldova. The United States says Russia has completed agreements for the withdrawal of almost all its forces from Georgia, but talks with Moldova have not been as satisfactory. Moldova fought a war more than a decade ago with Trans-Dniester, a Russian-speaking breakaway enclave. Much of the vice president's speech was a compliment to Eastern European countries for the strides they have made toward democracy, a summons to maintain a ``steady, hopeful advancement over time'' and a pledge that the United States would help. Lithuanian President Valdas Adamkus, who hosted the conference, voiced concern that the freedoms gained since the end of the Cold War might not prove to be as durable as hoped. ``Even if the choice of democracy is open to all states and peoples, the threat of new Iron Curtains in minds and on the ground has not disappeared,'' he said from the same podium where Cheney later delivered his own remarks. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 22 Guardian Unlimited: Nuclear deja vu > [David Fickling] The international community frets over Iran's nuclear ambitions, but it has been here before. May 4, 2006 10:46 AM | The situation seems oddly familiar: a Middle Eastern nation sets up its own nuclear power programme. The international community suspects it is a cover for nuclear weapons development. Policy chiefs fear the programme will upset the balance of regional peace. The US calls for the facilities to be checked out, but inspectors are only granted limited, unsatisfactory visits. A foreign government calls on the nation to rein in its nuclear programme. It is answered by defiant boasts that the nation's sovereignty will not be compromised. The country in question is not Iran in 2006, but Israel in 1969. Any Washington policy-makers with a sense of history should be suffering deja vu at the moment, because the current crisis over Iran's nuclear programme has striking parallels with that sparked off by Israel's attempts to acquire the bomb in the 60s. Documents by the US national security archive last week make the comparison clearer still, and may well give a clue to how current events will pan out. Israel's Dimona reactor was set up with French and British help in the wake of the Suez crisis, with the ostensible purpose of running a desalination plant to green Israel's Negev desert. But, by the early 60s, the US government became aware that Dimona was being used to enrich uranium, and insisted on inspections. Israel refused IAEA inspections but allowed US inspectors on biannual, prescheduled visits (pdf) that like something out of the secret diary of Hans Blix. Despite the inspections turning up nothing, Washington knew that Israel was developing atomic weapons. On the cusp of the Johnson and Nixon administrations, American diplomats tried to push Israel into giving up or at least scaling down the programme. That policy emphasis appears to have changed once Nixon took office, and a visit to Washington in September 1969 by Israeli prime minister Golda Meir laid the groundwork for the current policy of deliberate ambiguity that has allowed Washington to turn a blind eye to Israel's nuclear arsenal ever since. The full details of the case are still classified, and even at the time the issue was shrouded in secrecy: one of the declassified papers (pdf) indicates that Washington's ambassador to Israel and Nixon's top Middle East adviser were unable to find out the exact nature of the agreement between Nixon and Meir. But a few lessons can be drawn even from the skeleton of facts revealed by the declassified documents. One is that the international community has little chance of stopping a relatively developed country determined to produce nuclear weapons. A state with the technology to produce an atomic bomb can easily manage the smoke-and-mirrors sleight of hand needed to evade nuclear inspections. Another is that a nuclear weapons programme bestows a sense of confidence on a country that will make it even less willing to bow to foreign demands. The details (pdf) of a three-week correspondence (pdf) between US assistant secretary of defence Paul Warnke and Israeli ambassador (and later prime minister) Yitzhak Rabin reads like the transcript (pdf) of a poker game, in which Warnke gradually realises his opponent holds all the cards (pdf). A third point is that acquiring nuclear weapons seems to give countries a voice in world affairs that they previously lacked. In the 50s and 60s the US regarded Israel as an irritant, an embarrassment and a distraction from the grander geopolitics of the cold war. One crucial side-effect of Israel's possession of the bomb was that Washington suddenly had to take it seriously. The dramatic warming of US-Israeli relations in the 70s happened against the backdrop of Israel's new nuclear capability. One last point to bear in mind is that nations capable of acquiring nuclear weapons seem to have a sharp enough sense of their own self-preservation not to think about using them. That was the essence of the cold war doctrine of mutually assured destruction, and it has proved itself several times since the USA and USSR last stood eye to eye. Israel didn't come close to deploying the bomb when faced with a surprise invasion from Egypt and Syria in the 1973 October war and India and Pakistan have shown no sign of coming to nuclear blows since they tested their respective atomic weapons in 1998. If Iran ends up with an atomic bomb, it will be as aware as any other nuclear power that deployment means destruction. That fact should give the US pause for thought before it turns up the heat on Tehran. In the late 60s, Washington's policy-makers were abuzz with the fear that the mere existence of an Israeli bomb would be enough to blow apart Middle Eastern stability. Those fears seemed justified, but they have not been borne out by history. Whatever danger an Israeli bomb may have posed has been averted not by tough talk and tougher actions, but by America making sure that Israel was its best friend in the region. If the US wants to reduce the threat from Tehran it needs to do the same: start thinking of ways to bury the hatchet, and bring Iran back into the fold. This entry was tagged with the following keywords: iran israel usa nuclear Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006. Registered in England and Wales. No. 908396 Registered office: 164 Deansgate, Manchester M60 2RR ***************************************************************** 23 France Can Phase Out Nuclear Power + Achieve Low CO2 Date: Thu, 04 May 2006 18:39:10 -0700 For Release on May 4, 2006 Contact: Arjun Makhijani or Annie Makhijani, 301-270-5500 d P R E S S R E L E A S E France Can Phase Out Nuclear Power and Achieve Low Carbon Dioxide Emissions French Greenhouse Gas Emissions Rising Despite Nuclear Power, New Study Finds Subsidies for Plutonium and Pro-Nuclear Policies Inhibiting Secure, Low-Carbon Future Takoma Park, Maryland: A new report, Low-Carbon Diet without Nukes in France, examines the feasibility of phasing out nuclear power in France while reducing carbon dioxide emissions by about 40 percent in the next few decades. France is considered as exemplary by advocates of nuclear power, which provides almost 80 percent of French electricity generation, because the use of that energy source has been crucial to its relatively low greenhouse gas emissions. The Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (IEER) report is the first to detail technologies and policies that could meet the same lifestyle and economic choices as a high-nuclear, high carbon emissions future without nuclear energy and significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions. “The nuclear industry has presented itself as part of the solution to global warming” said Annie Makhijani, a co-author of the report and Project Scientist at IEER. “But nuclear power creates serious long-term security issues in the form of risks of proliferation, severe nuclear accidents, and vulnerability to terrorism. It’s not a desirable trade-off. The IEER analysis shows that nuclear power is not necessary even in France to achieve a low-carbon emissions future.” France obtains 75 to 80 percent of its electricity from nuclear power, making it one of the lowest carbon-emitter countries in Europe per unit of GDP (Gross Domestic Product). Because of that, France is not obligated to reduce its CO2 emissions relative to 1990 under the Kyoto protocol, while other European countries have to reduce their emissions to 8 percent (collectively) below their 1990 levels sometime between 2008 and 2012. Nuclear power has not been the solution to eliminating greenhouse gas emissions in France, however. Low-Carbon Diet without Nukes in France shows that, despite the essential elimination of the use of oil in the French electricity sector since 1973 and the reduction of coal use, greenhouse gas emissions are high and have been rising. This is because the main greenhouse gas emissions come from the transportation sector as well as from the use of oil and natural gas in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. According to the report, the constraint is not a lack of carbon-free energy sources energies but that existing resources are devoted disproportionately to nuclear energy to the detriment of other sources. Official studies of the use of plutonium as a fuel in 20 nuclear reactors in France indicate that this aspect of nuclear power alone gets about $1 billion per year in subsidies. Yet, until the past few years total investment in wind energy in France had not even reached the annual plutonium subsidy. “It is not possible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in France significantly without large efficiency increases in the transportation sector and in residential and commercial heating,” said Dr. Arjun Makhijani, president of IEER and co-author of the report “The technologies are commercial or nearly so. But the official devotion to nuclear energy, including heavy subsidies for plutonium fuel production, has sidelined other aspects of energy policy.” IEER presents two scenarios that use official economic projections of high energy use to show that nuclear power would be phased out over a period of 30 to 40 years while setting a path to much reduced carbon dioxide emissions. The scenarios use existing technology or more advanced technology to achieve 20 percent and 40 percent CO2 reductions with a simultaneous phase out of nuclear power. It acknowledges that nuclear power must be phased out gradually rather than abruptly, because it is such a large part of France’s electricity sector and because abandoning existing plants prematurely would divert resources that could be used for investments in efficiency and renewable energy sources, notably wind energy. “There is no question that France will have to dig deeper into the advanced technology basket to produce the same percentage of reductions in carbon dioxide emissions as the United States,” said Dr. Arjun Makhijani. “But the country that invests in that future can grab future technological and economic leadership on reducing greenhouse gas emissions.” “France has unfortunately chosen its technological leadership in the energy sector to be in nuclear technology,” noted Annie Makhijani. “But France and the world are ignoring warning signs, like the statement of Ichiro Ozawa, the Japanese Labor Party leader, that the commercial nuclear energy sector could provide plutonium for nuclear weapons.” The French company AREVA, which is majority-owned by the French government, provides reprocessing services to Japanese utilities. Japan has a large stock of separated plutonium as a result, stored partly in Japan and partly in France. The report notes that a low carbon, zero-nuclear-power future for France by the middle of the 21st century will involve significant technical and policy changes, including * Regulations requiring new cars to achieve an average fuel efficiency of 100 miles per gallon by the year 2020 and improvements in efficiency of delivery vehicles and trucks. * Improvements in heating and cooling in the residential and commercial sector that use existing technologies like co-generation and earth-source heat pumps. * Government procurement of advanced technologies to stimulate innovation, in place of tax breaks for existing technologies. * Abandonment of reprocessing and retirement of nuclear power plants when they reach the end of the licensed lifetime (40 to 45 years after start up). * National policies to put wind, pumped hydro, and natural gas and, in the more advanced technology scenario, solar photovoltaic cells, at the center of the electricity sector. The report is posted in full at on IEER’s website, www.ieer.org ---30--- En Français. This press release is also available in French. Lisa Ledwidge Outreach Director, United States, and Editor of Science for Democratic Action Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (IEER) PO Box 6674 | Minneapolis, MN 55406 USA tel. 1-612-722-9700 | fax: please call first | ieer@ieer.org | http://www.ieer.org IEER's main office: 6935 Laurel Ave. Suite 201 | Takoma Park, MD 20912 USA | tel. 1-301-270-5500 | fax 1-301-270-3029 ***************************************************************** 24 DOS: U.S. Nuclear Power Industry Sees Expansion in Near Future- U.S. Department Of State Rising energy demand, pollution concerns improve prospects, officials, industry say By Andrzej Zwaniecki Washington File Staff Writer This is the second in a series of articles on nuclear energy. Washington -- U.S. energy companies, supported by the Bush administration, are pressing ahead with an ambitious plan for revival of nuclear power, an industry representative says. "We are very bullish on the prospect that we will see some new nuclear power plant orders coming up in the next couple of years," for the first time since 1978, says Steve Kerekes, a spokesman for the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI), an industry group. With nuclear plants running at 90 percent capacity and demand for energy rising, the industry needs to build new plants to keep up or increase its 20 percent share of the electricity market, he said in a March 23 interview.  U.S. demand for electricity will increase by 50 percent between 2004 and 2030, according to the Energy Department. NUCLEAR OR COAL? New orders for nuclear plants would be a sign of a turnaround for the U.S. industry, which has stagnated mostly due to factors beyond its control -- licensing and construction delays, high interest rates on capital, varying plant designs, low natural gas prices and public opposition to nuclear energy, according to Andrew Paterson, a U.S. Energy Department policy analyst.  For the past 25 years, the industry has added no new plants and focused instead on improving efficiency and safety and increasing production at the existing 103 plants. But in recent years, conditions have changed, Paterson said in an April 20 interview.  Interest rates, despite recent rises, are relatively low; uranium fuel is relatively inexpensive and readily available in Canada and Australia, both U.S. allies; nuclear plants enjoy strong local support in areas where plants currently are located; and there are fewer reactor designs and nuclear companies, making planning and running plants easier, he said. These factors, plus concerns that greenhouse gas emissions, mostly carbon dioxide, contribute to global warming, favor nuclear energy's expansion, Paterson said. That expansion has been made more urgent because over the next decade, more than 100,000 megawatt (MW) of less-efficient coal plants will need to be replaced, most likely by a new generation of coal plants, nuclear plants or a mix of both, according to Paterson. Although newer coal-fired plants cause less pollution than older ones, they still would add a significant amount of carbon emissions. Today, the more than 600 coal-fired U.S. plants emit nearly 2 billion tons of carbon dioxide annually, according to the Energy Department's Energy Information Administration. These plants also release other pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. In contrast, nuclear plants emit no greenhouse gases or other pollutants. (Uranium enrichment produces some.) Nuclear energy is likely to displace even more harmful emissions if, as envisioned by the administration, advanced reactors are used to produce hydrogen. Hydrogen-fueled vehicles, with almost no emissions, not only would reduce dramatically the demand for oil but also, as dramatically, would cut harmful emissions from the transportation sector, another major source of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. "Nuclear is stable, high-quality power, with low marginal fuel costs, not dependent on weather and without emissions," Paterson said. GOVERMENT ENDORSES NUCLEAR POWER What makes revival plans more viable, Paterson said, is that the industry is enjoying strong government support for the first time in a long time. The Bush administration saw that in the long-term the United States would need all the domestic energy resources it could muster to meet rising demand for electricity while lessening reliance on unstable global sources for the bulk of oil and gas supplies, he said. In 2002, the administration launched Nuclear Power 2010 (NP 2010), a $1.1 billion public-private partnership to identify sites for new nuclear plants, develop advanced nuclear plant technologies and test new regulatory processes. Paterson believes that one or two dozens new reactors can be added at the existing nuclear sites. However, James Muckerheide, a nuclear engineer and director of the Center for Nuclear Technology and Society at Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Massachusetts, said the U.S. nuclear expansion program needs to be more robust to meet the energy and environmental needs of the future. In a 2005 article, he argued that 5,000 to 6,000 plants, one thousand megawatts each, should be built in the United States by 2050 with government direction and support. WHAT ARE THE HURDLES? Utilities planning to add new reactors to their portfolio face significant risks. The prospect of pouring billions of dollars into construction of a plant, only to have it stopped on a licensing technicality or by a court order, was the top risk cited by industry, investors and experts in a 2002 study for the Energy Department. It indicated that those groups have not shaken off completely the memory of the Shoreham nuclear plant, which was built on Long Island near New York but never became operational and eventually shut down in 1994 after years of regulatory and legal battles to get an operating license. NEI's Kerekes said the industry sees the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) licensing process established in 1992 as the most immediate issue. Ten energy companies or consortia have said they will apply to build at least 16 new nuclear reactors, according to a NEI February review. The NP 2010 assumes that, if all goes well, the first new nuclear power plant order will be placed by 2009 and construction of a new plant will be completed by 2014. See also “Nuclear Gaining Favor as Clean Energy Source for World.” For additional information, see Energy Policy. Created:03 May 2006 Updated: 03 May 2006 [usinfo.state.gov url] ***************************************************************** 25 The Australian: End debate on N-power Flannery | The Nation | + NEWS.com.au Amanda Hodge May 05, 2006 PROMINENT scientist Tim Flannery has called for an end to the uranium debate, saying all alternative energy sources to fossil fuels must be considered in the fight against climate change. The author of The Weather Makers and director of the South Australian Museum said yesterday he had softened his view on nuclear power. Dr Flannery said the nation could not afford to get "bogged down in a debate about the three mines policy" or nuclear power and instead should develop a cohesive response to global warming. "People say we can't have uranium mining because there's a danger of proliferation and that's true," Dr Flannery said. "But we have to weigh all of this stuff and deal with this in the context of threat to climate change and that's why people are getting away with rubbish about wind and uranium. "Having travelled around the world looking at energy options, I am more favourably disposed towards nuclear power than I was previously, particularly when you look at the scale of the problem in China and the use of coal." Dr Flannery's comments come a day after the chief executive of the nation's second-largest environment group, WWF Australia, accepted the Government's planned expansion of uranium mining and exports to China. WWF chief executive Greg Bourne told The Australian the nation was "destined" to mine and export uranium and said the key was to ensure it was used only for peaceful purposes and the waste was stored safely. His comments provoked a furious response from green groups yesterday and a prediction from both sides of the debate that WWF's position could influence Labor Party policy. Opposition environment spokesman Anthony Albanese denied the claims, but federal Resources Minister Ian Macfarlane welcomed Mr Bourne's comments as the third "notable backflip on the expansion of uranium mining in recent weeks - Kim Beazley, Peter Beattie and now the WWF". "The uranium debate is one Australian has to have," he said. Privacy Terms © The Australian ***************************************************************** 26 NRC: NRC Seeks Public Input on Environmental Review Associated with License Renewal Proposed for Pilgrim Nuclear Power Plant News Release - Region I - 2006-03 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region I No. I-06-030 May 3, 2006 CONTACT: Diane Screnci (610) 337-5330 Neil A. Sheehan (610) 337-5331 E-mail: opa1@nrc.gov meetings on Wednesday, May 17, on the environmental review for the application seeking renewal of the Pilgrim nuclear power plants operating license. Members of the public are invited to attend and comment on environmental issues the NRC should consider during its review of the extension request for the plant, which is located in Plymouth, Mass., and operated by Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. There will be two sessions held that day in the Plymouth Harbor Ballroom at the Radisson Hotel, 180 Water St. in Plymouth. The first session will begin at 1:30 p.m. and continue until 4:30 p.m., as necessary. The second session, which will be a repeat of the first session, will get under way at 7 p.m. and continue until 10 p.m., as necessary. The NRC will host an open house beginning 1 hour before the start of each meeting to provide members of the public with an opportunity to talk informally with agency staff. However, formal comments must be offered during the transcribed meetings. Both sessions will begin with an overview and an NRC staff presentation on the environmental review process for license renewal applications. After the NRC presentation, members of the public will be given an opportunity to present their formal comments on environmental issues they believe the NRC should consider during its review. Under NRC regulations, the original operating license for a nuclear power plant has a term of 40 years. The license may be renewed for up to an additional 20 years if NRC requirements are met. The current operating license for the Pilgrim plant is due to expire on June 8, 2012. Entergy submitted its license renewal application for Pilgrim on Jan. 25. As part of its application, the company submitted an environmental report. The application can be reviewed via the NRCs web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/licensing/renewal/applicati ons/pilgrim.html. In addition, the document is available for review at the following libraries: + The Plymouth Public Library, 132 South St., Plymouth; + The Duxbury Free Library, 77 Alden St., Duxbury, Mass.; and + The Kingston Public Library, 6 Green St., Kingston, Mass. An existing NRC document, Generic Environmental Impact Statement for License Renewal of Nuclear Power Plants (NUREG-1437), assesses the scope and impact of environmental effects that would be associated with license renewal at any nuclear power plant site. The document for which the NRC will gather information at the May 17th meetings will be a supplement to that generic environmental statement that is specific to Pilgrim. It will contain a recommendation regarding the environmental acceptability of the license renewal action. At the conclusion of the information-gathering process, the NRC staff will prepare a summary of the conclusions reached and significant issues identified. A copy will be sent to each person who participated in the scoping process. The summary will also be available on the NRCs web site through the Public Electronic Reading Room at www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html and at the previously mentioned libraries. Help in accessing documents through the Reading Room is available by contacting the NRCs Public Document Room at 1-800-397-4209 or by e-mail at pdr@nrc.gov. The NRC staff will subsequently prepare a draft environmental impact statement (EIS) supplement for public comment and will hold a public meeting to solicit comments. After consideration of comments on the draft report, the NRC will prepare a final EIS. Interested individuals may register to attend or present oral comments at the May 17th meetings by contacting Robert Schaaf at 1-800-368-5642, ext. 1312, or Alicia Williamson, ext. 1878, or by sending an e-mail to PilgrimEIS@nrc.govno later than May 12. Those who wish to offer comments may also register at the meetings within 15 minutes of the start of each session. Individual oral comments may be limited by the time available, depending on the number of persons who register. In addition, members of the public may send written comments on the environmental scoping process for the supplement to the Generic Environmental Impact Statement to: Chief, Rules and Directives Branch, Division of Administrative Services, Office of Administration, Mailstop T-6D59, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C., 20555-0001. Comments may also be delivered to the NRC, Room T-6D59, Two White Flint North, 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Md., from 7:30 a.m. to 4:15 p.m. during Federal workdays. To be considered, written comments should be postmarked by June 16. Electronic comments can also be sent via e-mail to PilgrimEIS@nrc.gov, again no later than June 16. Comments will be available on the NRCs web page via the electronic documents system. Last revised Wednesday, May 03, 2006 ***************************************************************** 27 Platts: New plant tax credit guidance posted on IRS web site Washington (Platts)--3May2006 Guidance on the allocation of production tax credits for new advanced nuclear power plants has been posted on the IRS web site. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 authorized the credits as an investment stimulus. The Internal Revenue Service guidance sets out the process for distributing a 1.8 cents per kilowatt-hour tax credit for 6,000 MW of new nuclear generating capacity that comes on line before 2021. The notice (2006-40) is at: www.irs.gov/pub/irs-irbs/irb06-18.pdf. Copyright © 2006 - Platts, All Rights Reserved [The McGraw-Hill Companies] ***************************************************************** 28 reviewjournal.com: Senators reserve judgment on nominee NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION CHAIRMAN: May 04, 2006 Ensign, Reid not yet commenting on Klein By STEVE TETREAULT
STEPHENS WASHINGTON BUREAU WASHINGTON -- Nevada senators are keeping their powder dry on Dale Klein, a Bush administration official with a Yucca Mountain past who has been nominated for chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Sen. John Ensign, R-Nev., said Wednesday he will place a hold on Klein's nomination until he can meet with the nominee. "The NRC has such a huge part in the licensing of Yucca Mountain, to have somebody nominated as chairman that was so involved in pro-Yucca activities is very concerning," Ensign said. "I am going to give him a fair interview and see how it goes," Ensign said. Sen. Harry Reid, D-Nev., has not commented publicly on Klein and spoke through an aide on Wednesday. "Senator Reid is reviewing Mr. Klein's record," spokeswoman Sharyn Stein said. "He plans to meet with him. He wants to discuss his views and determine whether he will be able to be an impartial arbiter on Yucca Mountain." Klein, a nuclear waste expert who was an associate dean in the College of Engineering at the University of Texas, participated in the "Nevada Initiative," an advertising and public outreach campaign funded by the American Nuclear Energy Council that began in October 1991. Klein appeared in a series of TV spots produced by ANEC, a forerunner of the Nuclear Energy Institute, the industry's major trade association and lobbying arm. Repository critics maintain Klein as a result cannot be impartial when the NRC weighs a license for Yucca Mountain. Bush nominated Klein for a five-year term on the five-member commission, a term that could coincide with the commission's handling of a repository application. Klein's defenders said he participated as a science expert and not an advocate in the commercials, at one point stating that Yucca Mountain "is not a done deal." He presently works at the Pentagon where he is assistant to the secretary of defense for nuclear, biological and chemical programs. A Defense Department spokeswoman said Klein was in meetings and could not be reached for comment on Wednesday. White House spokesman Peter Watkins said Bush believes Klein "is well qualified for this position. The president looks forward to working with the Senate to see that he gets confirmed." Trish Conrad, a Nuclear Energy Institute spokeswoman, characterized Klein's television appearances as "educational and informational." The institute released transcripts of 60-second TV spots in which Klein was interviewed by Ron Vitto, a former Las Vegas sportscaster who served as narrator in the commercials. Speaking on safety issues, Klein said spent nuclear fuel "just sits there" in a repository. "It doesn't move; it's not active; it's really sort of boring," according to a transcript. Klein said the public "should fear the transportation of toxic waste much greater than they should fear the transportation of spent nuclear fuel." He said the waste shipping container "has undergone rigorous design," and nuclear fuel is shipped in pellet form that "cannot explode, period." Klein was asked if Yucca Mountain was "a done deal," according to a transcript. "It is not a done deal," Klein said. "There is enough oversight from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the state oversight, a lot of independent scientists, and if it is not technically suitable it will not be selected and that's just the end of the discussion." Bob Loux, executive director of the Nevada Agency for Nuclear Projects, said Klein's comments appeared noncontroversial on the commercials but it remained that he got paid from an industry "promotion" of Yucca Mountain. "That is probably not a role in the background of someone who is going to be the chairman of the board that will independently determine if Yucca Mountain is safe. "The fact of the matter is Yucca Mountain is not safe and it has been selected," said Loux, who added the state planned to post video of at least one of Klein's commercials to its Web site. Reid is taking a low-key approach on Klein in part because he is trying to win re-nomination for another NRC commissioner, Gregory Jaczko, according to Senate sources. Jaczko worked for Reid until he was placed on the commission in 2004. Ensign said he planned to ask if Klein would recuse himself in Yucca Mountain matters. "I want to explore that, although I am not sure he should be there (at the NRC) in the first place," Ensign said. The "Nevada Initiative" sought to build public support for Yucca Mountain. But opinion polls showed its message was not taking hold, according to an account of the campaign in a 1995 article in PR Watch. The campaign, planned to run three years and to cost $8.7 million, was abandoned short of its run after its commercials were mocked on Las Vegas radio and television, and after "highly embarrassing" internal strategy documents were leaked to the public, according to PR Watch. Copyright © Las Vegas Review-Journal, 1997 - 2006 ***************************************************************** 29 NRC: NRC Proposes Additional Guidance on Information Required in License Renewal Applications News Release - 2006-06 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs Telephone: 301/415-8200 Washington, DC 20555-0001 E-mail: opa@nrc.gov No. 06-060 May 4, 2006 covering license renewal applications for boiling water reactors with Mark I containments that have steel drywell shells. The proposed guidance would require applicants to include a specific aging management program to address potential corrosion in inaccessible areas of the drywell shell, an important safety-related structural component. Concrete in close proximity to the shell makes visual inspection difficult in those areas. The drywell shell issue has already been addressed for reactors initial 40-year licenses and for relevant plants that have received a renewed license for an additional 20 years of operation. The proposed guidance will clearly identify the information that must be submitted for NRC staff to evaluate future license renewal applications. Comments should be submitted within 30 days of the proposed guidances publication in the Federal Register, expected shortly. Comments received after that date will be considered if practical. Comments may be submitted to: Chief Rules and Directives Branch, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C., 20555-0001. Comments can be hand-delivered to: 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Md., between 7:30 a.m. and 4:15 p.m. on Federal workdays, or sent via e-mail to LNT@nrc.gov. The proposed guidance will be available through the NRCs electronic document database, ADAMS, by entering accession number ML061120003 at this address: http://adamswebsearch.nrc.gov/dologin.htm. For further information on the proposed guidance, contact Linh Tran, telephone 301-415-4103 or e-mail LNT@nrc.gov. Last revised Thursday, May 04, 2006 ***************************************************************** 30 THERECORD.COM: Nuclear energy is safe GREGORY D. WESTFALL (May 4, 2006) Let's put Chornobyl in perspective: Chornobyl was the worst accident in the over 50 year history of nuclear power; it happened 20 years ago; 47 people died in the accident and the most recent estimates say it will eventually contribute to the deaths of 4,000. Chornobyl was a very poorly designed, poorly maintained and operated, aging reactor in the former Soviet Union, that didn't even have a secondary containment area -- the thick concrete dome that every reactor in the Western world is equipped with to contain such a disaster. In the end, the worst case scenario played out and there was, for the first time in nuclear power's history, an event that caused nuclear material to escape containment and cause loss of life. Now, let's talk about the alternatives: every month over 5,000 people in this world die of black lung disease as a result of working in the coal industry. I don't deny that coal can be a perfectly clean burning fuel, as recent letters have correctly pointed out, but it will never be a clean fuel. In the 20 years since Chornobyl, well over one million people have died working in coal mines -- a lot more than 47 or 4,000. In terms of environmental damage, Chornobyl amounts to little more than a drop in the lake that you find behind any major hydroelectric project in this world. Nothing does more damage to the natural environment than hydro. The only reason people are opposed to nuclear energy is because they don't understand it and it scares them. Nuclear power is clean, safe and renewable. Gregory D. Westfall Waterloo 160 King St. East, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada, N2G 4E5 519-894-2231 ***************************************************************** 31 NRC: Report to Congress on Abnormal Occurrences; Fiscal Year 2005; FR Doc E6-6746 [Federal Register: May 4, 2006 (Volume 71, Number 86)] [Notices] [Page 26393-26397] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr04my06-67] Dissemination Of Information Section 208 of the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93- 438) defines an abnormal occurrence (AO) as an unscheduled incident or event which the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) determines to be significant from the standpoint of public health or safety. The Federal Reports Elimination and Sunset Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-66) requires that AOs be reported to Congress annually. During fiscal year 2005, 9 events that occurred at facilities licensed or otherwise regulated by the NRC and/or Agreements States were determined to be AOs. The report describes three events at facilities licensed by the NRC. All three events occurred at medical institutions. The first event involved a patient who received the incorrect dose distribution while undergoing therapeutic brachytherapy \1\ treatment. The second event involved an infant who was administered the incorrect diagnostic dosage of technetium-99m. The third event involved three patients who received unintended radiation doses to the skin of their thighs while undergoing therapeutic treatment. The report also addresses 6 AOs at facilities licensed by Agreement States. [Agreement States are those States that have entered into formal agreements with the NRC pursuant to section 274 of the Atomic Energy Act (AEA) to regulate certain quantities of AEA licensed material at facilities located within their borders.] Currently, there are 34 Agreement States. During Fiscal Year 2005, Agreement States reported six events that occurred at Agreement State- licensed facilities, including five therapeutic medical events and one diagnostic medical event. All six events met the criteria for AO categorization. As required by section 208, the [[Page 26394]] discussion for each event includes the date and place, the nature and probable consequences, the cause or causes, and the action taken to prevent recurrence. Each event is also being described in NUREG-0090, Vol. 28, ``Report to Congress on Abnormal Occurrences, Fiscal Year 2005.'' This report will be available electronically at the NRC Web site http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/staff/. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- \1\ Brachytherapy means a method of radiation therapy in which sources are used to deliver a radiation dose at a distance of up to a few centimeters by placement of sources on the body surface, in natural body cavities, or by placement directly in tissues. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Nuclear Power Plants During this period, no events at U.S. nuclear power plants were significant enough to be reported as AOs. Fuel Cycle Facilities (Other Than Nuclear Power Plants) During this period, no events at U.S. fuel cycle facilities were significant enough to be reported as AOs. Other NRC Licensees (Industrial Radiographers, Medical Institutions, etc.) During this reporting period, three events at NRC-licensed or regulated facilities were significant enough to be reported as AOs. 05-01 Medical Event at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, Minnesota Criterion IV, ``For Medical Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, in part, that a medical event that results in a dose that is (1) equal to or greater than 1 Gy (100 rads) to a major portion of the bone marrow, to the lens of the eye, or to the gonads or (2) equal to or greater than 10 Gy (1,000 rads) to any other organ; and represents a prescribed dose or dosage that is delivered to the wrong treatment site will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--January 24, 2005, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Nature and Probable Consequences--The licensee reported that a patient being treated for cervical cancer received an incorrect dose distribution. One area of the cervix received 8.21 Gy (821 rads) instead of the intended 16.43 Gy (1,643 rads). Another area of the cervix received 3.72 Gy (372 rads) instead of the intended 4.65 Gy (465 rads). Additionally, other locations received higher than intended doses. The intended doses to the bladder and the rectum were 11.47 Gy (1,147 rads) each, but they received 14.48 Gy (1,448 rads) and 20.12 Gy (2,012 rads), respectively. The treatment involved an applicator with an insert which contained low-dose radiotherapy sources. The licensee cut the insert 6 centimeters (cm) too short so that when the applicator was positioned in the patient's cervix, the three cesium-137 (Cs-137) sources were not extended the proper distance. The referring physician and patient were informed of this event. The licensee does not believe that this event will have any adverse health effects on the patient. The patient subsequently received a follow-up treatment to deliver the full intended dose to the treatment sites. Cause(s)--This event was caused by human error. The incorrect dose was administered to the incorrect location. Actions Taken to Prevent Recurrence--Corrective actions taken by the licensee included stopping all low dose-rate treatments until all individuals are trained, and modifying their procedures to incorporate a dual verification system. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. 05-02 Medical Event at St. Johns Mercy Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri Criterion I.A.2, ``For All Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, ``Any unintended radiation exposure to any minor (an individual less than 18 years of age) resulting in an annual total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) of 50 millisieverts (mSv) (5 rem) or more, or to an embryo/fetus resulting in a dose equivalent of 50 mSv (5 rem) or more,'' will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--March 9, 2005, St. Louis, Missouri. Nature and Probable Consequences--The licensee reported that a 5- month old infant was prescribed 18.5 MBq (0.5 mCi) of technetium-99 metastable (Tc-99m), but instead received 414.4 MBq (11.2 mCi) of Tc- 99m. Hospital personnel did not look at the dosage label to verify the dose to be administered. The whole body dose to the infant was calculated to be between 0.052 to 0.10 Sv (5.2 to 10 rem). The physician informed the infant's parents. The NRC's medical consultant determined that there were no acute or subacute effects noted in the patient, but recommended that a pediatric gastroenterologist monitor the patient for cancer for an extended period of time. Cause(s)--The event was caused by human error. The hospital staff member did not look at the dosage label before administering the radiopharmaceutical. Actions Taken to Prevent Recurrence--Corrective actions taken by the licensee involved revision of their procedures to require dual verification of all dosages to be administered to children and retraining the staff on the new procedures. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. 05-03 Medical Event at St. Joseph Regional Medical Center in South Bend, Indiana Criterion IV, ``For Medical Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, in part, that a medical event that results in a dose that is (1) equal to or greater than 1 Gy (100 rads) to a major portion of the bone marrow, to the lens of the eye, or to the gonads or (2) equal to or greater than 10 Gy (1,000 rads) to any other organ; and represents a prescribed dose or dosage that is delivered to the wrong treatment site will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--Between January 26 and March 22, 2004 (reported March 25, 2005 due to a misinterpretation of reporting requirements by the licensee), South Bend, Indiana. Nature and Probable Consequences--The licensee reported in March and April 2005, that between January 26 and March 22, 2004, three patients received unintended radiation doses to the skin of their thighs from cesium-137 brachytherapy sources. The vaginal applicator used for the treatments was loaded with incorrectly sized cesium-137 sources, which migrated from the intended treatment position through the placement spring when the patient moved to a more up-right position. As a result of the sources moving, the patient's inner thighs received unintended doses of radiation. Approximately two weeks after treatment, the patients developed skin lesions on their inner thighs. The licensee determined that these patients received unintended doses to a small area of the skin on the upper thigh of approximately 2000, 1500, and 2000 cGy (rad), respectively. Based on clinical observations, the licensee determined that all patients received the respective prescribed doses to the intended treatment areas. The referring physician and patients were notified of the event. The licensee referred the patients to other institutions and care providers for specialized followup wound care to treat the recurring skin ulcerations. The NRC retained a medical consultant during the inspection associated with the event. The long-term health effects on the patients, as a result of the unintended doses, is unknown. Cause(s)--The causes of these events were improper source selection, inadequate manufacturer instructions, inadequate management oversight, and inadequate procedures. Actions Taken to Prevent Recurrence--Corrective actions taken by the licensee involved modifying the applicator by using different hardware to hold the sources in place, revising [[Page 26395]] their procedures, and retraining the staff on the new procedures. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. Agreement State Licensees During this reporting period, six events at Agreement State- licensed facilities were significant enough to be reported as AOs. AS 05-01 Iridium-192 Brachytherapy Seed Medical Event at LDS Hospital in Salt Lake City, Utah Criterion IV, ``For Medical Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, in part, that a medical event that results in a dose that is (1) equal to or greater than 1 Gy (100 rads) to a major portion of the bone marrow, to the lens of the eye, or the gonads, or (2) equal to or greater than 10 Gy (1,000 rads) to any other organ; and represents a prescribed dose or dosage that is delivered to the wrong treatment site, will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--October 26, 2004; LDS Hospital; Salt Lake City, Utah. Nature and Probable Consequences--A patient received 27.56 Gy (2,756 rads) instead of the prescribed 5 Gy (500 rads) during a high dose-rate (HDR) treatment for larynx cancer. The event involved an iridium-192 (Ir-192) source with an activity of 244.2 GBq (6.6 Ci). The error was caused by the use of the diameter instead of the radius of a circular tool to mark the treatment site in a computer software program. As a result, the area treated was 2 centimeters (cm) away from the intended treatment site. The error was discovered before the third fraction. The prescribing physician stopped the treatment until dosimetry information was completed. The licensee notified the patient and the patient's referring physician of the event. The licensee determined that the impact of the additional dose is probable acute radiation effects and possible late or chronic toxicities. Cause(s)--This event was caused by human error. The incorrect size button corresponding to the circle tool was used, which caused the diameter instead of the radius to be used in the dosing plan. This caused the incorrect dose to be administered to the incorrect location. Actions Taken To Prevent Recurrence Licensee--The licensee suggested that the software manufacturer print the word ``RADIUS'' on the ``size'' button located adjacent to the circle tool. To date, the manufacturer has not responded to this issue. The licensee will measure the distance on the brachytherapy device's hard copy output with a ruler to confirm that the distance is entered correctly. The licensee also modified the HDR dose check program so that, in addition to confirming the doses to coordinates entered into the device's input, user specified point coordinates may be manually entered into the check program and compared to what is calculated. State Agency--The Utah Division of Radiation Control investigated the event on November 3, 2004 and approved the corrective actions that the licensee implemented to prevent the recurrence. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. AS 05-02 Diagnostic Medical Event at Baystate Health Systems in Springfield, Massachusetts Criterion IV, ``For Medical Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, in part, that a medical event that results in a dose that is (1) equal to or greater than 1 Gy (100 rads) to a major portion of the bone marrow, to the lens of the eye, or the gonads, or (2) equal to or greater than 10 Gy (1,000 rads) to any other organ; and represents a prescribed dose or dosage that is delivered by the wrong treatment mode, will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--January 7, 2005; Baystate Health Systems; Springfield, Massachusetts. Nature and Probable Consequences--The licensee reported that a patient should have received 0.63 MBq (0.017 mCi) of iodine-131 (I-131) for a thyroid uptake study but instead received 133.2 MBq (3.6 mCi) of I-131 for a total body scan. A nuclear medicine technologist incorrectly placed the order for a total body scan instead of a thyroid uptake study without looking at the diagnosis. The I-131 was administered and it was later discovered that the wrong procedure was administered. The administration resulted in a thyroid dose of 131 Gy (13,100 rads). The patient and referring physician were notified of the error. The licensee indicated there would be no negative health effects from this administration because the patient had hyperthyroidism, thus, the unintended thyroid dose will be taken into account when additional I-131 is given to the patient. Cause(s)--Human error in that the procedure was erroneously posted as a total body scan when it was actually a thyroid uptake study. This caused the wrong quantity of I-131 to be administered. Actions Taken To Prevent Recurrence Licensee--Corrective actions taken by the licensee involved modifying procedures to include removing Central Booking from radioisotope ordering (the referring physician will fax the order directly to Nuclear Medicine), switching from I-131 to I-123 for thyroid uptake studies, and revising the nuclear medicine request form for thyroid procedures. State Agency--The State reviewed and approved the corrective actions taken by the licensee and will follow-up at the next inspection. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. AS 05-03 High Dose-Rate Afterloader Medical Event at Saddleback Memorial Medical Center in Laguna Hills, California Criterion IV, ``For Medical Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, in part, that a medical event that results in a dose that is (1) equal to or greater than 1 Gy (100 rads) to a major portion of the bone marrow, to the lens of the eye, or the gonads, or (2) equal to or greater than 10 Gy (1,000 rads) to any other organ; and represents a prescribed dose or dosage that is delivered to the wrong treatment site will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--January 24-28, 2005; Saddleback Memorial Medical Center; Laguna Hills, California. Nature and Probable Consequences--A patient undergoing therapeutic radiation treatment following a breast lumpectomy was treated with a high dose-rate (HDR) device using an iridium-192 (Ir-192) source with an activity of 277.5 GBq (7.5 Ci). The prescribed dose was 35 Gy (3,500 rads) to the inside of the breast at the site of the excised tumor, but instead the patient received 70 Gy (7,000 rads) to other portions of the breast during treatment. The unintended irradiation occurred when the HDR device was mispositioned. Re-evaluation of the treatment plan revealed that the wrong source wire travel distance was used during the treatment. The Ir-192 source was positioned 8 centimeters (cm) short of the planned location. The licensee believes the error occurred when the source wire travel distance was input to the HDR device; however, since no record was maintained of the source wire travel distance measured by the therapy technologist, this could not be verified. It is known that the incorrect distance was input to the HDR planning system. The patient and the referring physician were notified of the event. No long-term health effects are expected due to the unplanned tissue dose. Cause(s)--This event was attributed to human error and an inadequate procedure. Actions Taken to Prevent Recurrence [[Page 26396]] Licensee--A procedure was developed specifying the need to verify and document the verification of source wire travel distance determination and training on the correct input to the treatment planning system was performed. In addition, nominal source wire travel distances for expected types of HDR usage were added to the form utilized for recording the HDR treatment quality assurance checklist, thus providing a check on the determination of this parameter. State Agency--State inspectors investigated the medical event and issued written violations for failure to follow a license condition that required independent verification of HDR treatment data input, and for failure to report the medical event to the state within 24 hours of its discovery. The State reviewed the licensee's corrective actions and found them adequate to prevent recurrence. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. AS 05-04 Yttrium-90 Therapeutic Medical Event at University of Wisconsin in Madison, Wisconsin Criterion IV, ``For Medical Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, in part, that a medical event that results in a dose that is (1) equal to or greater than 1 Gy (100 rads) to a major portion of the bone marrow, to the lens of the eye, or the gonads, or (2) equal to or greater than 10 Gy (1,000 rads) to any other organ; and represents a prescribed dose or dosage that is delivered to the wrong treatment site will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--April 5, 2005; University of Wisconsin in Madison; Madison, Wisconsin. Nature and Probable Consequences--A patient was administered a 1.78 GBq (48 mCi) dose of yttrium-90 (Y-90), instead of the intended 1.04 GBq (28 mCi) Y-90 dose. As a result of the medical event, the patient received a dose of 1.07 to 3.20 Gy (107 to 320 rads) to the red bone marrow, with a median exposure of 2.31 Gy (231 rads) from Y-90. The error was discovered on April 7, 2005, during a licensee review of records. The patient and referring physician were notified of the event. The licensee indicated there will be no negative health effects from this administration. Cause(s)--Lack of management oversight which attributed to failure to prepare a written directive prior to the administration, a poor training program, and human error. Actions Taken to Prevent Recurrence Licensee--The licensee suspended the use of Y-90 and conducted a root cause investigation of the event. The licensee's corrective actions included writing new policies and procedures, implementing new training programs, and hiring new personnel. State Agency--The State of Wisconsin investigated the event on April 11, 2005 and determined that the licensee (1) failed to prepare a written directive prior to administering the Y-90, (2) failed to prevent usage of a dose that differed from the intended dosage by more than 20 percent, (3) failed to establish appropriate administrative procedures, (4) failed to ensure radiation safety activities were performed under approved procedures, and (5) failed to instruct individuals working under the supervision of an authorized user of the licensee's written directive procedures. A medical consultant contracted by the State of Wisconsin determined that no adverse medical effects occurred as a result of this medical event. As a result of the State's investigation, the licensee implemented the corrective actions detailed above. The State reviewed the licensee's corrective actions and found them adequate to prevent recurrence. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. AS 05-05 Therapeutic Medical Event at University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah Criterion IV, ``For Medical Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, in part, that a medical event that results in a dose that is (1) equal to or greater than 1 Gy (100 rads) to a major portion of the bone marrow, to the lens of the eye, or the gonads, or (2) equal to or greater than 10 Gy (1,000 rads) to any other organ; and represents a prescribed dose or dosage that is delivered to the wrong treatment site, will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--August 4, 2005; University of Utah; Salt Lake City, Utah. Nature and Probable Consequences--A patient received radiation therapy to the left bronchus using a high dose-rate (HDR) device. The HDR contained a 252 GBq (6.81 Ci) iridium-192 (Ir-192) source. The prescribed radiation therapy treatment plan called for three treatments to the left bronchus, each fraction to deliver a dose of 7 Gy (700 rads). The medical event, which occurred during the second treatment, was due to a 3-centimeter (cm) error in the source wire travel distance. The source wire distance was entered incorrectly by a medical physicist. As a result, a 3 cm length of the left bronchus received approximately 6.40 to 18.60 Gy (640 to 1,860 rads) at a 0.5 cm depth and 2.54 to 6.62 Gy (254 to 662 rads) at a 1 cm depth. A 3-cm region next to the intended treatment site received up to 6 Gy (600 rads) less than the prescribed dose. The licensee notified the patient and the patient's referring physician of the event. The patient received no adverse health effects from the medical event. Cause(s)--This event was attributed to human error in that the treatment site was not verified. Actions Taken to Prevent Recurrence Licensee--The licensee implemented a new procedure adding a question to verify the treatment distances during HDR treatments. State Agency--The State has reviewed and accepted the licensee's corrective actions. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. AS 05-06 Dose to Fetus at Riverside Methodist Hospital in Columbus, Ohio Criterion I.A.2, ``For All Licensees,'' of Appendix A to this report states, ``Any unintended radiation exposure to any minor (an individual less than 18 years of age) resulting in an annual total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) of 50 millisieverts (mSv) (5 rem) or more, or to an embryo/fetus resulting in a dose equivalent of 50 mSv (5 rem) or more,'' will be considered for reporting as an AO. Date and Place--November 2 and November 16, 2004; Riverside Methodist Hospital; Columbus, Ohio. Nature and Probable Consequences--On November 2, 2004, a patient was administered 7.59 MBq (0.205 mCi) of iodine-123 (I-123) as part of a diagnostic procedure for hyperthyroidism. On November 16, 2004, the patient returned for a therapeutic treatment and was administered 469.9 MBq (12.7 mCi) of iodine-131 (I-131) as treatment. Prior to this administration, the patient was counseled regarding pregnancy and acknowledged, in writing, that she was not and could not be pregnant at that time. A pregnancy test was not performed to confirm this declaration. Later, the patient saw her physician because of abdominal pain. A radiograph of the abdomen revealed the pregnancy. A prenatal specialist determined that the fetus was 17 weeks old at the time of the I-131 administration. The dose estimate for the fetus was 0.024 Gy (2.04 rads) to the whole body and 224 Gy (22,400 rads) to the fetal thyroid from both I-123 and I-131 administrations. The perinatal specialist performed a blood test on the fetus and confirmed that the fetus had hyperthyroidism. An ultrasound test on the fetus showed no abnormalities in fetal development. The perinatal specialist will perform treatments in- [[Page 26397]] utero to mitigate the effects of hyperthyroidism. The referring physician and patient were notified of the medical event. Cause(s)--The cause of the event was human error. At the time of the administration, the patient was unaware of her pregnancy status and completed forms indicating that she was not pregnant. Actions Taken to Prevent Recurrence Licensee--The licensee has implemented a policy performing a serum pregnancy test and receiving the results within 80 hours of administration of therapeutic amounts of I-131. This test will be performed on all women 13 to 50 years of age, unless the women have been surgically sterilized. State Agency--The Ohio Department of Health performed an on-site investigation on January 28, 2005 and determined that the licensee followed all required procedures. The State agency will conduct periodic inspections to ensure that the licensee's actions taken to prevent recurrence were implemented. This event is closed for the purpose of this report. Dated at Rockville, Maryland this 28th day of April, 2006. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Annette L. Vietti-Cook, Secretary of the Commission. [FR Doc. E6-6746 Filed 5-3-06; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 32 NRC: Regulatory Guide: Issuance, Availability FR Doc E6-6747 [Federal Register: May 4, 2006 (Volume 71, Number 86)] [Notices] [Page 26392-26393] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr04my06-66] The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has issued a revision to an existing guide in the agency's Regulatory Guide Series. This series has been developed to describe and make available to the public such information as methods that are acceptable to the NRC staff for implementing specific parts of the NRCs regulations, techniques that the staff uses in evaluating specific problems or postulated accidents, and data that the staff needs in its review of applications for permits and licenses. Revision 1 of Regulatory Guide 1.201, ``Guidelines for Categorizing Structures, Systems, and Components in Nuclear Power Plants According to Their Safety Significance,'' which is being issued for trial use, describes a method that the NRC staff considers acceptable for use in complying with the Commission's requirements in Title 10, section 50.69, of the Code of Federal Regulations (Sec. 50.69), with respect to the categorization of structures, systems, and components (SSCs) that are considered in risk-informing special treatment requirements. This categorization method uses the process that the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) described in Revision 0 of its guidance document NEI 00-04, ``10 CFR 50.69 SSC Categorization Guideline,'' dated July 2005.\1\ Specifically, this process determines the safety significance of SSCs and categorizes them into one of four risk-informed safety class (RISC) categories. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- \1\ NEI 00-04, ``10 CFR 50.69 SSC Categorization Guideline,'' is available through the NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS), http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams/ web- based.html, under Accession ML052910035. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- The NRC has promulgated regulations to permit power reactor licensees and license applicants to implement an alternative regulatory framework with respect to ``special treatment,'' where special treatment refers to those requirements that provide increased assurance beyond normal industrial practices that SSCs perform their design-basis functions. Under this framework, licensees using a risk-informed process for categorizing SSCs according to their safety significance can remove SSCs of low safety significance from the scope of certain identified special treatment requirements. The genesis of this framework stems from Option 2 of SECY-98-300, ``Options for Risk-Informed Revisions to 10 CFR Part 50, `Domestic Licensing of Production and Utilization Facilities','' dated December 23, 1998.\2\ In that Commission paper, the NRC staff recommended developing risk-informed approaches to the application of special treatment requirements to reduce [[Page 26393]] unnecessary regulatory burden related to SSCs of low safety significance by removing such SSCs from the scope of special treatment requirements. The Commission subsequently approved the NRC staff's rulemaking plan and issuance of an Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR) as outlined in SECY-99-256, ``Rulemaking Plan for Risk-Informing Special Treatment Requirements,'' dated October 29, 1999. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- \2\ Commission papers cited in this notice are available through the NRC's public Web site at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/ doc- collections/commission/secys/, and the related Federal Register notices are available through the Federal Register Web site sponsored by the Government Printing Office (GPO) at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/fr/index.html . ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- The Commission published the ANPR in the Federal Register (65 FR 11488) on March 3, 2000, and subsequently published a proposed rule for public comment (68 FR 26511) on May 16, 2003. Then, on November 22, 2004, the Commission adopted a new section, referred to as Sec. 50.69, within Title 10, part 50, of the Code of Federal Regulations, on risk- informed categorization and treatment of SSCs for nuclear power plants (69 FR 68008). The NRC issued a draft of this guide, Draft Regulatory Guide DG- 1121, for public review and comment as part of the Sec. 50.69 rulemaking package in May 2003. The staff subsequently received and addressed public comments in developing the previous revision of this guide, which the agency published in January 2006, and has since incorporated additional stakeholder comments in preparing the current revision. However, since this is a new regulatory approach to categorizing SSCs, and to ensure that the final guidance adequately addresses lessons learned from the initial applications, the NRC decided to issue this guide for trial use. Therefore, this trial regulatory guide does not establish any final staff positions for purposes of the Backfit Rule, 10 CFR 50.109, and may continue to be revised in response to experience with its use. As such, any changes to this trial guide prior to staff adoption in final form will not be considered to be backfits as defined in 10 CFR 50.109(a)(1). This will ensure that the final regulatory guide adequately addresses lessons learned from regulatory review of pilot and follow-on applications, and that the guidance is sufficient to enhance regulatory stability in the review, approval, and implementation of probabilistic risk assessments (PRAs) and their results in the risk-informed categorization process required by Sec. 50.69. The NRC staff encourages and welcomes comments and suggestions in connection with improvements to published regulatory guides, as well as items for inclusion in regulatory guides that are currently being developed. You may submit comments by any of the following methods. Mail comments to: Rules and Directives Branch, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001. Hand-deliver comments to: Rules and Directives Branch, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland 20852, between 7:30 a.m. and 4:15 p.m. on Federal workdays. Fax comments to: Rules and Directives Branch, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, at (301) 415-5144. Requests for technical information about Revision 1 of Regulatory Guide 1.201 may be directed to Donald G. Harrison at (301) 415-3587 or via e-mail to DGH@nrc.gov. Regulatory guides are available for inspection or downloading through the NRC's public Web site in the Regulatory Guides document collection of the NRC's Electronic Reading Room at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections. Electronic copies of Revision 1 of Regulatory Guide 1.201 are also available in the NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS) at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html , under Accession ML061090627. In addition, regulatory guides are available for inspection at the NRC's Public Document Room (PDR), which is located at 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland; the PDR's mailing address is USNRC PDR, Washington, DC 20555-0001. The PDR can also be reached by telephone at (301) 415-4737 or (800) 397-4205, by fax at (301) 415-3548, and by e- mail to PDR@nrc.gov. Requests for single copies of draft or final guides (which may be reproduced) or for placement on an automatic distribution list for single copies of future draft guides in specific divisions should be made in writing to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, Attention: Reproduction and Distribution Services Section; by e-mail to DISTRIBUTION@nrc.gov; or by fax to (301) 415-2289. Telephone requests cannot be accommodated. Regulatory guides are not copyrighted, and Commission approval is not required to reproduce them. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 552(a). Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 1st day of May, 2006. For the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Brian W. Sheron, Director, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. [FR Doc. E6-6747 Filed 5-3-06; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 33 NRC: NRC Renews Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant Operating Licenses for an Additional 20 Years News Release - 2006-06 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs Telephone: 301/415-8200 Washington, DC 20555-0001 E-mail: opa@nrc.gov No. 06-061 May 4, 2006 each for an additional 20 years. The Browns Ferry plant is located on the north shore of Wheeler Reservoir in Limestone County, Ala., approximately 10 miles northwest of Decatur. The licensee, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), submitted its license renewal application Dec. 31, 2003. With the renewal, the license for Unit 1 is extended until Dec. 20, 2033; the license for Unit 2 is extended until June 28, 2034; and the license for Unit 3 is extended until July 2, 2036. The renewed licenses were signed today at the plant by James Dyer, director of the NRCs Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. NRC Chairman Nils J. Diaz attended the signing ceremony. The NRC is utilizing a fair, equitable and safety-driven process to review license renewal applications in a timely manner, Diaz said at the signing ceremony. All three units of the Browns Ferry plant were shut down in 1985 but retained NRC operating licenses. Unit 2 was restarted in 1991 and Unit 3 was restarted in 1995. TVA has been doing extensive work on Unit 1 and says it expects to have that unit ready to begin operating again by 2007. The NRCs environmental review for this license renewal is described in a site-specific supplement to the NRCs Generic Environmental Impact Statement for License Renewal of Nuclear Power Plants (NUREG-1437, Supplement 21), issued in June. The review concluded there were no environmental impacts that would preclude renewal of the licenses for environmental reasons. Public meetings to discuss the environmental review were held near the plant April 1, 2004, and Jan. 25, 2005. After carefully reviewing the plants safety systems and specifications, the staff concluded that there were no safety concerns that would preclude license renewal, because the licensee had demonstrated effectively the capability to manage the effects of plant aging. The Safety Evaluation Report Related to the License Renewal of the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant, Units 1, 2 and 3" (NUREG-1843) and a supplement were published in April. In addition, NRC conducted inspections of the plant to verify information submitted by the licensee. The reports relating to the Browns Ferry renewal are available on the NRC Web site at this address: http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/licensing/renewal/applicati ons/browns-ferry.html. On March 23, the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards - an independent body of technical experts which advises the Commission - issued its recommendation that the operating licenses for Browns Ferry be renewed. That recommendation is contained in Report on the Safety Aspects of the License Renewal Application for the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant, Units 1, 2 and 3. This document is available on the NRC Web site at this address: http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/acrs/letters/2006/. The Browns Ferry renewals bring the total number of renewals to 42 reactor units. A complete listing of renewal applications can be found on the NRC Web site at http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/licensing/renewal.html. Last revised Thursday, May 04, 2006 ***************************************************************** 34 Orlando Sentinel: House sees future in nuclear power - The bill encourages building new plants, renewable energy and conservation efforts. David Fleshler | Tallahassee Bureau Posted May 4, 2006 TALLAHASSEE -- An energy plan that encourages construction of nuclear-power plants and provides tax breaks for renewable energy won overwhelming approval Wednesday in the Florida House. Proposed by Gov. Jeb Bush, the plan removes many legal and financial obstacles to nuclear power, in an attempt to diversify the state's fuel sources, now dominated by natural gas. It also creates a tax holiday for the purchase of energy-saving appliances and provides tax credits and other incentives for solar power and other forms of alternative energy. "This is a comprehensive energy package that provides conservation incentives as well as lays the foundation for Florida's energy future," said Rep. Adam Hasner, R-Delray Beach, the bill's House sponsor. The Senate already approved the bill, but the House made changes that will send it back to that chamber. The plan allows utilities to add construction costs to customers' electric bills during construction of a nuclear plant, rather than following the usual procedure of waiting until the plant goes into service. Progress Energy and Florida Power & Light Co. have announced plans to build nuclear plants in Florida. They say they need this change to persuade investors to put up the money for nuclear plants, which can cost $4 billion. The bill also shortens the state approval process, making it more difficult for local governments to stop power plants, a provision that concerned some members. "That's not local control," said Rep. Susan Bucher, D-Royal Palm Beach, the only member to vote against the bill. "If it's going to affect local individuals, they should have a voice." Rep. Frank Attkisson, R-Kissimmee, another sponsor, said the change was necessary to prevent a small community from vetoing projects that could free the state from dependence on Middle East oil and gas. "We certainly want input from local communities, but this is a massive project that will serve the state for years to come," he said. The legislation originally said nothing about global warming. But the bills create a state Energy Commission, an advisory body to the Legislature, and amendments in the House and Senate require the commission to come up with ways to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. Adding global warming to the agenda of an advisory commission leaves Florida trailing many large states, such as New York and California, which are already crafting specific plans to reduce heat-trapping gases. But environmentalists said it was a victory to see it mentioned at all. "I am very happy that the state of Florida will now be dealing with greenhouse-gas emissions," said Susan Glickman, Florida representative for the Natural Resources Defense Council. "The evidence has become so overwhelming about global warming and its implications for Florida." David Fleshler can be reached at dfleshler@sun-sentinel.com or 850-222-5564. © 2006 Orlando Sentinel Communications ***************************************************************** 35 Rutland Herald: State drops objections to Yankee uprate May 4, 2006 By Susan Smallheer Herald Staff MONTPELIER - The Department of Public Service has dropped its formal objections to the power boost at Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant, announcing late Tuesday it had negotiated additional safety concessions from Entergy Nuclear. The department had filed an appeal with the Atomic Safety Licensing Board in 2004, saying it was worried Entergy's plans would reduce safety margins for the pumps in the emergency core cooling system. The formal hearing on the state's concerns was slated to be held in September. William Sherman, the state's nuclear engineer with the Department of Public Service, said that the state had "gotten what it wanted" from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission during its lengthy review of the power uprate case and thus was dropping its objections. The concessions include Entergy's agreement to a full containment pressure test in 2010, before the plant is relicensed. Sherman termed that test, which would require the plant to shut down for three days, "a big deal." The company also has agreed to share information about the amount of nitrogen used in the containment, which is an indication of the containment's integrity and whether there are any leaks, the engineer said. Entergy also has agreed to perform a special inspection on the torus after each outage. The torus, a giant water-filled reservoir within the containment, is a key part of the emergency core cooling system. Sherman said until the state filed its objections back in 2004, the NRC wasn't going to do its own calculations about some of the stress effects from the power boost. But, he said, the state forced the NRC to do its own calculations rather than relying on the work of Entergy, Sherman said. While the state has dropped its objections, the New England Coalition has two formal objections still pending with the board, and the anti-nuclear group recently filed four additional ones connected to problems that have come up during the power boost. "The NRC ended up asking a lot of extra questions about over-pressure," he said. Sherman said the state was also able to air its concerns before another semi-independent nuclear panel, the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards, which late last year endorsed the power boost, but not before demanding additional calculations about the plan from Entergy. "The bottom line is we got what we wanted - a complex review of the uprate," Sherman said. Vermont Yankee has halted the power boost at 117.5 percent power since late last week, after more acoustic vibrations developed and increased moisture levels were detected in the steam dryer, a critical component in the power boost. The company said it would do about 10 days of tests and analysis to determine the possible safety effects of the two potential problems. "It's a sad day. The small concessions they've gotten in no way can provide the public with little or no assurance that the emergency safety systems are going to work. The pumps we are talking about are emergency cooling pumps," Raymond Shadis of the New England Coalition said. "We are exploring whether we can adopt the state's discarded contention," Shadis said, noting the issue was really about the reduction of safety margins at nuclear power plants. Neil Sheehan, a spokesman for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, said the ASLB would be in Brattleboro next month to hear from the public about its concerns about the uprate. The formal hearing is still scheduled for September, he said. ***************************************************************** 36 UPI: Tunisia also seeking nuclear technology United Press International - Intl. Intelligence - 5/4/2006 7:46:00 AM -0400 TUNIS, Tunisia, May 4 (UPI) -- Nuclear technology fever is apparently sweeping the Middle East and North Africa, as Tunisia has said it is considering the construction of a nuclear plant. Minister of Scientific Research and Technology al-Tayeb Hazri said Thursday his government is seriously studying the possibility of setting up a nuclear plant to produce electricity. Speaking before parliament during a debate of the basic by-laws of the Arab Agency for Nuclear Energy, Hazri said several studies have been conducted in the past to determine the feasibility of building such a plant. His ministry is currently focusing on studying the location and financing of the plant that would produce 600 megawatts of nuclear energy at a cost of $1.14 billion, Hazri said. The minister pointed out that the period between the start of construction and actual production will be at least 10 years. He also stressed that several industrial and agricultural projects in Tunisia depend on nuclear energy, including pasteurizing food items and desalinating sea water. © Copyright 2006 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 37 Whitehaven News: Chernobyl still casts a long shadow Published on 04/05/2006 ['TWENTY years on:Farmer Kevin Holliday at Strudda Bank Farm. "We tried to convince the powers-that-be that there was very little chance of a "hot" animal getting into the food chain, but they would not listen’' width=] TWENTY years on:Farmer Kevin Holliday at Strudda Bank Farm. â€We tried to convince the powers-that-be that there was very little chance of a â€hot’ animal getting into the food chain, but they would not listen’ NINE hillfarms in West Cumbria are still under restrictions caused by events 20 years ago when the Chernobyl nuclear reactor exploded. Among those who recall the way the winds brought radioactive contamination to the fells are the Hollidays, who farm near Calderbridge. When the radioactive cloud struck, Kevin Holliday and his wife Yvonne had only been married a few months and had just moved into 500-acre Strudda Bank Farm on Cold Fell. They had 800 breeding ewes and it was lambing time. He explained: “Within six weeks of moving in, Chernobyl dropped. The alarm bells rang at Sellafield and we were told we were not to go out. “It was raining every day, but we were lambing day and night. We got the warning but we had to keep going.” Heavy rain on May 2 and May 3 washed the radioactive caesium into the fells and it was soaked up by the plants. Agriculture officials monitored milk and foodstuffs from the affected areas and it was found that only sheep meat was contaminated to levels that caused concern for food safety. A radioactive limit of 1,000 becquerels per kilogram was set (lower than a later EU-approved limit) per animal and a â€mark and release’ scheme was introduced. This meant agriculture officials visited affected farms, monitored animals with a Geiger counter and any â€hot’ sheep would be marked with paint and were not allowed off the farm. â€Clean’ sheep were allowed to go to market as normal and farmers were paid ÂŁ1.30 for every animal tested. Strudda Farm was one of 1,670 in England placed under restriction, covering a total of 867,000 sheep. Mr Holliday, 45, said: “We were issued with tins of swimming pool blue paint and had to shave a three-inch strip on the sheep’s head and dab the paint on. “We found that when we brought the sheep off the fells to finish them on pasture, the radiation would be cleaned out in a fortnight. “We tried to convince the â€powers-that-be’ that there was very little chance of a â€hot’ animal getting into the food chain, but they would not listen. “We got into a routine of going to market every fortnight, that gave us time to clear the animals out and notify the officials to come check they were not â€hot’.” The lambing was normal that first year, and the year after, but the next crop of youngsters saw a horrific number of deformities. Lambs were born disfigured, which can happen naturally, but not in the numbers Mr Holliday and his neighbours saw, he says. Two of the worst were an eight-legged lamb and one born with a lung on the outside of its body. It died within weeks. “I was getting 10 a year for the next two years,” he said. “I have never seen anything like that before, or since. Now I’m back down to none.” In January this year, the government revealed that restrictions on sheep still remained in nine farms in the south and west of Cumbria, as well as farms in Scotland and parts of North Wales. Some 6,600 sheep are affected in Cumbria; 176,000 at 355 farms in Wales; and 18,000 sheep at 11 Scottish farms. Strudda Bank Farm was under restriction orders for five years, though the deformities continued until the mid-Nineties. When the restrictions were lifted, it took a while to sink in. Mr Holliday said: “We got into such a routine over the years that when restrictions were over, it didn’t feel right going to auction without the paperwork. “It was so drilled into me, it felt as though I was doing something wrong.” Kevin’s father, Dennis Holliday lost his jaw and has had his tongue â€mashed’ by cancer, impairing his speech. Despite this, the 74-year-old is thoughtful, eloquent and forceful on the subject of radiation dangers and the effects of Chernobyl. He believes the Chernobyl cloud â€topped up’ the residual radiation that was already in the ground from the 1957 Windscale fire. He says that most of his friends had died at an early age of one form of cancer or another. But he doesn’t blame Sellafield, Chernobyl or radiation for his illness. He says it is ironic and a coincidence. The farmer said Chernobyl was a much-needed wake-up call for the nuclear industry to tighten daily practice and security. He said: “If I had known all those years ago that we would suffer like this, I would not have moved here from Penrith. “Before Chernobyl, I had serious concerns about radiation because of the lambs and calves being born with problems in the Seventies. “Chernobyl showed that we had residual contamination round the nuclear establishments in Britain. “It was a wake-up call for everyone that our safety was not up to scratch.” Mr Holliday has had a farm on land lying between Sellafield and St Bees for the past 20 years. Before that, he was at Strudda for 20 years, before handing it on to Kevin. He said: “Most people are surprised that I’m a supporter of the nuclear industry, but we need nuclear power. “I don’t blame the industry for my cancer, it is just a coincidence. “It is ironic that after all the years I’ve spent warning about the safety of the industry, I’ve been affected by cancer.” Research by the Centre of Ecology in Dorchester has confirmed that as much as 60 per cent of the radioactive caesium on some affected farms derived from the 1957 Windscale fire rather than from Chernobyl. Meanwhile researchers for the government’s Food Standards Agency say restrictions have to stay in place on some farms, not including Strudda Bank. The agency stated: “In both 2004 and 2005, a number of sheep presented estimated activity concentrations above or close to the Working Action Level (currently 645 Bq/kg). “This seems to contradict the previous downward trend of results observed between 1996 and 2000, which saw the maximum estimated activity concentration drop below the Working Action Level and the estimated mean concentration fall to background levels. “However, allowing for temporal variation in the availability of radiocaesium in the environment, it would suggest levels are consistent with those found in the period to 1999 (the 2000 results being particularly low) and it is unlikely that the farm will be suitable for de-restriction in the near future. Youngsters from Belarus whose lives have been affected by the explosion have been holidaying as guests of Cumbrian families for 11 years. Kevin Holliday was host to two youngsters and he said: “When they arrived they were like two little ghosts. But they had a great time playing in the field and helping with the hay and at the end of their month-long stay they bounced out.” The children, aged seven to 11 are invited over by the Cockermouth branch of the charity Friends of Chernobyl’s Children. They stay for a month and can return for up to three years before another child is given the chance to enjoy a glimpse of Cumbrian life. Belarus was hit hardest by the fall-out from Chernobyl and the children there still suffer from health disorders caused by its legacy. Co-ordinator Kate Wilson is back at home in Dearham after a harrowing trip to the Mogilev district of Belarus – home to the children. This is Kate’s ninth year as a host, but the five day visit was her first trip to Mogilev. She said: “It was hard, emotionally. In Belarus, only 10 per cent of children are well. “They suffer from respiratory illnesses, immune deficiencies, kidney problems and thyroid cancers. “We went to take medicines and money and see how they live. “It was a real eye-opener and they are the most desperate living conditions. “The majority of our children are from single parent homes and they live in a one-room flat where they eat and sleep and share toilets and a kitchen with five other families but they were not in any way dirty and the food they cooked for us was delicious. “They make the best of it and it is quite humbling.” The charity has provided much-needed holidays for about 60 children. Host families undergo a rigorous quizzing before they are accepted but the 46-year-old mother of two said the trips were just as good for the hosts. She said: “As a family you benefit from having these children.” Anyone interested in hosting a child should contact Kate Wilson on 01900 813765, although there is a waiting list to be a host. ***************************************************************** 38 Edinburgh Evening News: Motorists warned of nuclear convoy dangers Thu 4 May 2006 GREEN politicians today posted a reminder to drivers on the city bypass of the dangers posed by road convoys carrying nuclear warheads between nuclear bases. Lothians MSP Mark Ballard unveiled a huge banner on a flyover at Lothianburn. The heavily guarded convoys transport completed warheads from Aldermaston, Berkshire, to the Coulport MoD base by Loch Long, north of Glasgow. Convoys pass through Scotland roughly once every six weeks. It is thought that the convoys can carry up to 8kg of plutonium in each trip and Mr Ballard claimed that any accident involving an explosion or fire could lead to a radioactive plume spreading for miles around the Capital. He said: "It is terrifying to think vehicles carrying such dangerous materials drive along Edinburgh roads, and that those in the area are given no information." http://edinburghnews.scotsman.com ***************************************************************** 39 Rocky Mountain News: Delays in nuke compensation angers Congress By Ann Imse, Rocky Mountain News May 4, 2006 Nearly 90 percent of sick nuclear weapons plant workers seeking a particular type of federal aid for their illnesses are still waiting for answers six years after Congress approved the compensation program. During a hearing Thursday, members of Congress from both parties expressed frustration with this slow response, and with plans by the Bush Administration to cut the program's budget. The program was created in 2000 by Congress to provide medical care and typically $150,000 in compensation to workers who were sickened or died as a result of radiation or chemical exposure while building the nation's atomic bombs. Rep. Doc Hastings, R-Washington, said that half the program is moving along, reaching decisions for 74 percent of the workers with illnesses such as cancer and beryllium disease. But the second half of the program, which covers more unusual illnesses, continues to be mired in delay, despite a reform passed last year. The second half, called Part E, has provided decisions to only 10.5 percent of the nearly 40,000 workers who filed claims, Hastings said. Several members of Congress from states with weapons plants, including Colorado's Rep. Mark Udall, used the hearing to condemn plans by the Bush Administration to cut the aid program by $686 million in 2007 for budget reasons. An administration budget document "outlines an outrageous attempt to circumvent congressional intent," Udall said. Rep. Zack Wamp, R-Tenn., said that when the program was approved in 2000, lawmakers agreed that sick workers should be helped even if the cost added to the national debt. "You owe compensation to people the government has harmed," he said. "It's like a court order." Hastings noted that workers in his state managed to build the world's first nuclear reactor to create plutonium for the first nuclear bomb during World War II in just 13 months. "It should not take five years for processing claims." 2006 © The E.W. Scripps Co. ***************************************************************** 40 Guardian Unlimited: House Approves Cargo Screening at Ports From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday May 4, 2006 11:31 PM AP Photo NYET572 By LARA JAKES JORDAN Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) - The House overwhelmingly approved legislation Thursday to try and stop nuclear weapons from being smuggled into the country by screening nearly all cargo for radiological materials at seaports. Yet the technology will not be available, the Bush administration said. The 421-2 vote capped months of election-year debate in Congress over how to make the 140 U.S. seaports less vulnerable to terrorist threats without curbing commerce. The bill ``will improve the safety of the American people and the security of our global supply chain,'' said Rep. Dan Lungren, R-Calif. He said it ``ensures our shores are our last line of defense, not our first.'' The Homeland Security Department currently opens for inspections 6 percent of the 11 million cargo containers that enter U.S. seaports annually. Those containers are considered high-risk, said department spokeswoman Leah Yoon, for reasons such as the security of the originating port or a shipper's history. The department aims screen 65 percent of goods for radiological materials by October, Yoon said. In a statement, President Bush described himself as pleased with the bill, which he said will ``enhance the security of our nation's ports.'' But the White House Office of Management and Budget picked apart the $5.5 billion plan, which it said will ``have serious resource implications'' in putting detectors at 22 major ports by next year, as the legislation requires. The White House office also termed as unnecessary a $400 million annual grant program over six years to pay for other security measures at ports. The bill does not provide the funds for the added security measures. A debate over the bill briefly escalated into a shouting match when the chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee, GOP Rep. Peter King of New York, said his Long Island district lost more 150 residents in the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Taking aim at Rep. Edward J. Markey, D-Mass., who earlier held up a cargo container's lock to call for stronger security seals, King said, ``I don't need visual aids to remind me what happened on September 11.'' ``There were Bostonians on that plane!'' Markey yelled back. Congress made port security a priority after the fight this year over a Dubai company's purchase of a British company that controlled of some operations at six American ports. The outcry led the Dubai company, DP World, to decide to sell the U.S. operations to an American company. House Democrats said the legislation does not go far enough to secure ports as they pushed an alternative that would require X-rays for all cargo at foreign ports that is headed to the United States. Republicans said this requirement would snarl port traffic and stymie the economy because the high-tech X-ray technology needed is not widely available. ``All it takes is one atomic or radiological bomb to make 9-11 look like a firecracker,'' said Rep. Jerrold Nadler, D-N.Y. ``If we really want to make this country safer, we must demand that before any container is put on a ship bound for the United States it must be scanned electronically in the foreign port. It's too late if we find a nuclear bomb in Los Angeles or New York.'' The bill calls for screening 98 percent of all incoming cargo with the nuclear detectors by Oct. 1, 2007. The measure includes: -$2.4 billion for ports security grants over six years; King said the money would be shifted from U.S. Customs funds. -$1.2 billion to expand and enhance security measures at foreign ports. That could mean buying radiation detectors to install worldwide. -$536 million for research and development at Homeland Security's office of domestic nuclear detection. Of this, an estimated $157 million would be spent on the radiation monitors, House aides said. Currently, 214 radiological monitors that screen for nuclear materials are installed at U.S. seaports, at an estimated cost of $350,000 each, Yoon said. The House bill would require port workers to secure ID cards with tamper-resistant digital photographs - something Homeland Security is already doing. A Senate committee has approved a similar bill that would require Homeland Security to provide nuclear screening and X-ray imaging of cargo at three foreign seaports as a test pilot that could be expanded. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 41 New Mexican: Lawmakers criticize comp program for nuclear workers Thu May 4, 2006 5:11 pm By NANCY ZUCKERBROD | Associated Press WASHINGTON (AP) - House lawmakers who represent sick nuclear weapons workers said Thursday the federal government should step up its efforts to compensate the workers. "You sense the urgency from all the claimants," Rep. Tom Udall, D-N.M., said of the workers and their families. Many of the workers, or their surviving spouses, are elderly. "These nuclear weapons workers served America well, and honor demands that they be well served in return," said Rep. Mark Udall, D-Colo. The Udalls, who are cousins, joined Rep. Zach Wamp, R-Tenn., and Rep. Doc Hastings, R-Wash., in testifying before a House Judiciary subcommittee on the compensation program. Wamp, whose district includes facilities in Oak Ridge, Tenn., said he has received complaints about the length of time it takes for claims to be processed. He also said some claimants have had trouble getting information from the agencies involved. "Our nation's nuclear workers and their families deserve fair and timely compensation for work-related illnesses," Wamp said. The hearing was the second in a series examining the compensation program, which was created by Congress in 2000. Workers exposed to cancer-causing radiation or beryllium and silica _ which cause lung diseases _ get a lump sum payment of $150,000 plus medical benefits. The Labor Department estimates it has paid out more than $1 billion in straight compensation, not including medical payments, under the program. Most of the workers were at Energy Department facilities in Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Kentucky, New Mexico, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Washington. Wamp defended Oak Ridge Associated Universities, the government contractor helping to administer the program. Critics say the Tennessee-based company has failed to police conflicts of interest among its staff. For example, some contractor employees who are writing reports about the nuclear facilities were responsible for monitoring radiation there over the years. Some also served as expert witnesses for the government during the period in which the government fought compensation claims. Wamp said the contractor has a good track record, but that he welcomed a congressional investigation into its performance. Rep. John Hostettler, R-Indiana, who chaired the hearing and has jurisdiction over government claims, ordered the investigation. Hostettler decided to hold hearings after an internal White House budget document was publicized that discussed limiting the program's costs, including calling for administration clearance of benefits decisions. Hostettler said Bush administration officials and claimants would be asked to testify at an upcoming, not-yet-scheduled hearing. Hostettler said he has been in talks with Bush administration officials and has "heard more on the reassuring side" lately. Still, the administration's memo remains a sore spot with lawmakers. "This amounts to injecting a political budgetary element into independent science and fact-based decisions on the payment of workers' claims," Hastings said. ___ On the Net: Program statistics: http://www.dol.gov/esa/regs/compliance/owcp/eeoicp/weeklystats.ht m ©2006, Santa Fe New Mexican, all rights reserved. Opinions ***************************************************************** 42 BBC: Radioactive warning on Fife beach Radioactive Last Updated: Thursday, 4 May 2006 [Dalgety Bay] Traces of radiation have been turning up along the foreshore Notices warning of radioactivity have been put up on a beach in Fife after the discovery of dozens of contaminated items. The move follows foreshore monitoring at Dalgety Bay on the Firth of Forth. The Scottish Environment Protection Agency (Sepa) believes the risk is low but warned people to take precautions. The contamination is believed to have come from the luminous dials of wartime aircraft thought to have been dumped there after World War II. Sepa has been carrying out a risk assessment at the bay and now wants a detailed investigation to be carried out. Skin burn It concluded warning signs should be erected at the beach, which has been carried out by Fife Council. More than 90 radioactive items were discovered during monitoring. The notices advise that radioactive material has been found on the beach, that people should wash their hands after handling any material and that nothing should be removed, including fish or shellfish. However, the risks from coming into contact with radioactive material were said to be low, with the likely effect being a skin burn. More radioactive items have been found at Dalgety Bay than at Sandside Beach, near the Dounreay nuclear plant in Caithness. ***************************************************************** 43 NRC: NRC Proposes $16,250 Fine for Marcus Hook, Pa., Company for Violations Involving Radiation Exposures News Release - Region I - 2006-03 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region I No. I-06-031 May 4, 2006 CONTACT: Diane Screnci (610) 337-5330 Neil A. Sheehan (610) 337-5331 E-mail: opa1@nrc.gov civil penalty for a Marcus Hook (Delaware County), Pa., company for several violations of agency requirements. The most significant violation by Epsilon Products Co. involved exposures exceeding regulatory limits to five employees and contractors of the firm who are not radiation workers and are therefore considered members of the public. Last Aug. 27th, Epsilon notified the NRC that a gauge containing radioactive material (cesium-137) had malfunctioned at its Marcus Hook site, with its radioactive source failing to retract to the shielded position. The gauge was located outside of a chemical process tank in order to monitor the buildup of polymerized material within the vessel. Initially, the unshielded source was not detected due to an inadequate radiological survey conducted by a company technician. Subsequent radiological surveys and interviews determined that five workers who cleaned the interior of the tank between Aug. 23 and 27 received a radiation dose in excess of the regulatory limit of 100 millirems because the source was unshielded at the time. The doses ranged from 103 to 197 millirems. The highest estimated dose is approximately 4 percent of the annual allowable level for radiation workers. It is not expected that these exposures will result in adverse health effects for the exposed individuals. A millirem is a measure of exposure to radiation. The average American is exposed to about 360 millirems of radiation exposure each year from natural and manmade sources. In response to the event, the NRC performed a Special Inspection at the facility between last Aug. 30 and Dec. 16, 2005, with the inspectors identifying six apparent violations. Besides the violation for radiation exposures experienced by the employees and contractors, the other violations include: 1) failure to maintain dose rates in unrestricted areas below 2 millirems in any 1 hour; 2) failure to perform appropriate radiological surveys in unrestricted and uncontrolled areas; 3) failure to provide appropriate training to an authorized user of radioactive materials; 4) failure to conduct adequate physical inspections of the fixed gauge at the required 6-month interval; and 5) failure to develop and implement operating and emergency operating procedures that included instructions for testing each gauge for proper operation. While none of the employees received a radiation exposure that is considered harmful, the NRC considers the failure to control radiation doses within regulatory limits to any individuals who are considered members of the public a serious matter, Region I Administrator Samuel J. Collins wrote in a letter to Epsilon regarding the enforcement action. The company has taken steps to prevent a recurrence that include removing the gauge involved from service; conducting a review of its entire radiation safety program and recommending the revision and/or development of radiation safety procedures; and taking steps to ensure that only appropriately trained staff members are permitted to use gauges containing radioactive material. Epsilon is required to provide the NRC with a written reply to the violations within 30 days. Last revised Thursday, May 04, 2006 ***************************************************************** 44 Platts: Brush Wellman gets $7 million beryllium order for fusion reactor New York (Platts)--3May2006 Brush Wellman's Beryllium Products business unit has received a $7 million order to provide beryllium metal for the Joint European Torus, the largest experimental nuclear fusion reactor in the world. JET is located in England. The order calls for delivery of 4.4 mt of beryllium beginning late in the third quarter of 2006 and is expected to be completed in the first half of 2007. The order is from the European Fusion Development Agreement, the agency that provides funding to JET. The beryllium will be used for inner wall plasma facing components that will line the inside of the reactor as part of a major recommissioning project to prepare JET for fusion reaction testing. An earlier generation of beryllium replacement tiles, also from Brush Wellman materials, serviced the reactor beginning in the late 1980s. "The beryllium specified for the JET application is our high-purity S65 grade material," said Michael D. Anderson, president of Beryllium Products. "Representatives of our Elmore, Ohio, manufacturing facility have been working closely with JET scientists in the United Kingdom, and we are prepared to begin production of the material immediately." JET produces a 100,000,000 degrees C reaction by fusing deuterium and tritium in an intense magnetic field. The reactor is a precursor for a planned larger, even more sophisticated facility called ITER, which is scheduled to be built in France. It is hoped that ITER will provide critical data to support the technological feasibility of a full-scale fusion power plant in 30 to 50 years. Scientists see fusion as a practical source of future power needs due to its low production of nuclear waste and high amount of energy produced. Since no actual combustion occurs during the reaction, fusion will not produce air pollution. Also, deuterium, one of the fuel sources, can be extracted from seawater, while tritium can be produced in the fusion reactor itself from lithium. Brush Wellman, the world's only fully integrated producer of beryllium, beryllium-containing alloys and beryllia ceramic, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Brush Engineered Materials. Brush Engineered Materials is headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio. For more information, take a trial to Platts Nucleonics Week at http://nucweek.platts.com. Copyright © 2006 - Platts, All Rights Reserved [The McGraw-Hill Companies] ***************************************************************** 45 News & Star: Group faces court after radioactive leak Published on 04/05/2006 By Andrea Thompson THE Health and Safety Executive has announced that it is bringing a criminal prosecution against British Nuclear Group over a massive radioactive leak which went undetected at Sellafield’s Thorp plant for months. Operators BNG is charged with breaching conditions regarding the safe storage of radioactive materials. The decision to bring the prosecution follows a detailed investigation by the HSE’s Nuclear Installations Inspectorate into the discovery of 83 cubic metres of radioactive liquor which had leaked inside a protected area of the ÂŁ1.8billion flagship reprocessing plant in April last year. Two managers were suspended after the leak of acid containing uranium and plutonium leaked from a pipe inside the shielded area of the processing plant. The substance leaked into a stainless steel-lined cell with 1.5m thick concrete walls and was discovered on April 19, 2005. HSE officials said there is no current evidence of any harm to workers or the public. The facility remains closed and both managers have now been reinstated after an internal inquiry. It is thought the fluid may have been leaking for several months before it was uncovered, said a Sellafield spokeswoman. The HSE has applied to the courts for summonses alleging that BNG breached three conditions attached to the Sellafield site licence granted under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965. A Sellafield spokeswoman said: “The company has fully co-operated with the Nuclear Installations Inspectorate throughout its investigation and continues to make good progress against the measures needed to enable the Thorp facility to become operational again subject to regulations.” She added that it would be inappropriate to comment further as the case was the subject of legal proceedings. An initial legal hearing has been scheduled for June 8 at Whitehaven Magistrates Court. ***************************************************************** 46 JCLDS: Church Urges Alternatives for Nuclear Waste 4 May 2006 SALT LAKE CITY — The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints today asked the federal government to look for alternative options for the disposal of nuclear waste. In light of the ongoing discussion of the possible storage of nuclear waste in Utah’s Skull Valley area, the First Presidency of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints issued the following statement: “The transportation and storage of high-level nuclear waste create substantial and legitimate public health, safety, and environmental concerns. “It is not reasonable to suggest that any one area bear a disproportionate burden of the transportation and concentration of nuclear waste. “We ask the federal government to harness the technological and creative power of the country to develop options for the disposal of nuclear waste.” # # # Contact a Church public affairs representative (journalists only) Style guide note: When reporting about The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, please use the complete name of the Church in the first reference. For more information on the use of the name of the Church, go to our online style guide. ***************************************************************** 47 Guardian Unlimited: Undiagnosed nuclear waste lurking in Sellafield's 'ponds' Neasa MacErlean Thursday May 4, 2006 [Sellafield nuclear plant, where the Thorp reprocessing plant has been closed] The 'ponds' at the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant contain old machinery and equipment from the reactors. Photograph: Christopher Furlong/Getty They look like grotesque open-air swimming pools - and they contain some of the UK's biggest problems regarding nuclear waste. Built 50 years ago at Sellafield, the "ponds" were part of the cooling process on the nuclear bomb development programme and then the Magnox reactors, built in the 1960s, to generate electricity. After the UK moved to better reactor technology, these ponds - two uncovered, one covered - were half forgotten. Records were mislaid and even birds flying overhead would add their contribution to the 100 metre long, 20 metre deep, 40 metre wide constructions. But lurking in the water (officially described as "sludge") are vast quantities of old machinery and equipment from the reactors - such as the Magnox cladding. Now, however, the ponds - these three and another three closed pools which were built to better standards more recently - are top of the Nuclear Decommissioning Agency's (NDA) agenda. The NDA is spending a third of its Ł1bn budget this year on Sellafield, including work on the ponds and an assessment of how much they have leaked their radioactive contents into the soil around them. The costs of processing the waste could well be greater than was first imagined - especially since the scale of the problem and how much land is contaminated is not known. For instance, the NDA recently increased its cost projections for cleaning up the UK's nuclear total legacy by 12% to Ł63bn. The NDA's duties at Sellafield are deemed so important that they were spelled out in the Energy Act 2004 - and must be completed by April 2007. The reason for focusing on this long-neglected part of the nuclear waste programme is the current debate on whether the UK should build more reactors. The government knows that it could not move towards a nuclear future while the legacy of the past is not just untreated, but undiagnosed. Nirex, the government-owned body in charge of setting standards on nuclear storage and decommissioning, is clear that a lot more information needs to be obtained before physical action can be taken to deal with the problems of the pools, contaminated land at Sellafield, and similar issues in other locations, such as the waste shaft at Dounreay on the Scottish coast. Francis Brown, one of the senior scientists at Nirex, told Guardian Unlimited: "The storage ponds may be cracked and leaking. A big problem is trying to identify where the contamination has taken place and how big it is. Soil has been moved around - and so the contamination has moved around." The Environment Agency - one of the regulators of the nuclear industry - has similar views. A spokesman said: "We've got a wide variety of radioactive waste in the UK. Some of it needs to be characterised in more detail." The problems the UK faces in dealing with nuclear waste are not just about the real nasties in their pure forms - the plutonium, uranium and spent nuclear fuel which can stay radioactive for thousands of years. In addition - because of our military history - the UK has a large number of different radioactive substances and it is difficult to be sure how these all react with each other and to other elements and conditions. So while Finland - which is building another new reactor - has less than 30 different types of nuclear waste, the UK has 1,119, according to Nirex's latest radioactive waste inventory. British Nuclear Group (BNG) - which currently manages most operations at Sellafield, including the ponds - sounded more confident than the regulators. "We've got very, very good, detailed records," a spokeswoman said. But BNG, and everyone else involved, will soon find out just how good those records are. BNG uses a small submarine to assess the equipment and compounds lying in the Sellafield ponds - but it will have to persuade Mr Brown and his colleagues that they are totally sure of what every milligram contains. "They have to demonstrate that they know what they've got," Mr Brown said. By the time the public turns its gaze to such issues - when the current nuclear debate is further down the road - the nuclear industry and its supporters hope that the ponds, their contents and the soil they contaminated, will have been dealt with. This means turning the waste into solid form - much safer to handle and store than a gas or liquid - by mixing it with concrete and storing it in 500-litre drums. Environmental group Greenpeace believes that nobody knows the true scale of the problem. "Whatever inventory is given now will not, by any means, be the final figure," the pressure group's spokeswoman Jean McSorley said. The NDA may or may not reach its target date of April 2007 for dealing with the ponds. Although BNG is sounding confident, no one else is prepared to say exactly what lurks in the water. Useful links British Energy Department of Trade and Industry British Nuclear Fuels Ltd Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament Greenpeace HSE nuclear glossary Come Clean WMD awareness programme UK atomic energy authority National Radiological Protection Board Friends of the Earth World Nuclear Association World Nuclear Transport Institute [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 48 Helsingin Sanomat: Demonstrators come to Helsinki to protest against uranium exploration rights Friday 5.5.2006 A delegation of the citizens of Askola and Pukkila, two communities in Eastern Uusimaa, protested in Helsinki on Wednesday against the French uranium company Cogema's plans to start mining activities in their home municipalities. "In Pukkila almost all citizens oppose the project. As the decision-makers in Helsinki are not willing to come and listen to us, we came here to voice our concern", noted Mika Tervo from Pukkila. The protesters waved their banners and placards, daubed with angry slogans, at the Senate Square before submitting their message to the Ministry of Trade and Industry as well as to MPs. The demonstration was arranged by the civic movement Uraaniton.org ("Uranium-Free") that gathered some 200 protesters, including a couple of dozen citizens of Askola and Pukkila who had arrived in Helsinki driving their tractors. Previously in HS International Edition: ***************************************************************** 49 Bellona: Criminal action over nuclear leak at Sellafield The operators of the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant in Cumbria are to face a criminal prosecution over the leak of tonnes of radioactive material. 2006-05-04 12:48 Acid containing 20 tonnes of uranium and 160kg of plutonium spilled from a ruptured pipe into a sealed cell at the site's Thorp complex. The leak was discovered in April 2005, but investigators claimed it could have happened eight months earlier. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) says it is bringing the action. Operators British Nuclear Group Sellafield Ltd (BNGSL) were strongly criticised after the incident. No-one was hurt and no radioactive material escaped into the atmosphere, reported BBC. An investigation by the Nuclear Installations Inspectorate (NII) found "significant deficiencies" in procedures at the site. Work at the Thorp complex was halted when the leak was discovered. The HSE alleges BNGSL breached conditions attached to the Sellafield site licence which were granted under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965. It says the company failed to ensure that safety systems were in good working order and that radioactive material was effectively contained. A spokesman for British Nuclear Group said: "The company has co-operated fully with the NII throughout its investigation and continues to make good progress against its measures needed to enable the Thorp facility to become operational again. "As this matter is before the courts it would not be appropriate for us to comment further”, BBC reported. Publisher: , President: Information: , Technical contact: Telephone: +47 23 23 46 00 Telefax: +47 22 38 38 62 * P.O.Box 2141 Grunerlokka, 0505 Oslo, Norway ***************************************************************** 50 BBC: Living next to India's uranium mine - Last Updated: Thursday, 4 May 2006 By Mark Whitaker BBC, India Despite its achievements, India still can't shake off the problems of poverty, disease and malnutrition. And, as Mark Whitaker's been finding out in the eastern state of Jharkhand, the search for prosperity and progress has its victims too: [7-year-old Guria] Seven-year-old Guria can neither speak nor walk If you met Guria, you would fall in love with her. Guria is a dark-eyed little girl who lies in the shade of her house on a bed made of rope, waiting for her daddy to come home from work. She grins as she sees him, and those dark eyes of hers light up. Her father returns her smile as he scoops her up in his arms. But his eyes are filled with tears. For Guria cannot speak. Nor can she walk. Her hands - if you can call them hands - are bent, and quiver. But her eyes reach out. Her father pedals a rickshaw for a living. He earns a pittance and tells me he will do all he can to care for Guria, while he is alive. But what will happen when he dies? Guria is seven years old. A stone's throw from her house, another girl lies on another rope bed. She is 23. In many ways, she is like Guria, save for the fact that she seems to be in pain. She gasps for breath. Her look is anguished, hurt. She is dressed in a sari, but she never goes anywhere, and has never been anywhere. For 23 years this has been her life. Village transformed The parents of these girls are not sure what has caused their daughters' plight. There are around 50 other children in Jaduguda, in India's eastern state of Jharkand, in a similar condition. But the state-owned corporation responsible for the vast uranium mining complex which dominates the village insists it is not to blame. Over the past 30 to 40 years, the Uranium Corporation of India Limited (UCIL) has transformed Jaduguda, bringing jobs, money and housing for the workers. But its critics say progress has come at a high price. Many people here saw their land requisitioned when the mines came. Instead of living on it, they must now work beneath it. Once, these hills were the haunt of bear, elephant and tiger. But no more. The forest canopy is sparse now, but among the trees there stands a roadside shrine. Surrounded by offerings of coconut and incense, it is dedicated to the goddess Rankini, a local deity whose realm encompasses Jaduguda alone. The people of the village put their faith in their goddess - or else in witch doctors. Rankini's jurisdiction may be limited, but from her vantage point the goddess can spy on mere mortals toiling in the valley below. I saw some of them. They were digging for water. Each bucket they brought to the surface was brown ooze. So they dug deeper. Above them, barely a stone's throw from their makeshift well, there was a wall. The wall of a dam - behind which lie millions of tons of slurry and waste from the uranium pits. And, in the river which runs past Jaduguda, I saw villagers washing their vegetables. Upstream, the river's waters mingle with the murky outflow from the mine workings. [Tipper truck] UCIL has successfully defended its health &safety record in court There are no signs to warn of contamination. Just as there are no signs on the trucks which carry uranium ore from the mines or bring nuclear waste from across India for dumping. Court case Back in 1998, when India announced it had conducted tests of a thermo-nuclear device in its north-western deserts, the people of Jaduguda came out onto the streets to celebrate "their" bomb. After all, Jaduguda produces all of India's uranium. Many in the village think they have shown pride in their country's nuclear achievements. Now they say it is time their country started to do more for them, and offered them proper protection and health monitoring, medical care and compensation. People are wary too of outsiders asking questions. One accused me of being an informer. When you have spoken to us, he said, you will drink wine with the bosses from the company. As for the company, UCIL, it promised me an interview. But at the appointed time I waited outside the mine headquarters in vain. There was no interview. And no wine. A survey suggested that nearly one in five of all women living near the mine has suffered either a miscarriage or a stillbirth within the previous five years. The state legislature described the deaths and health problems as deplorable. But a court case brought by local activists against UCIL - which is a subsidiary of the department of atomic energy and of the government of India - failed, after the company insinuated the problems were the result of poor hygiene and diet, and alcohol abuse. So now, in the courtyard of a house in a small village in India, two teenagers - brother and sister - squat on crumpled limbs on a dirt floor scooping rice from metal bowls with their misshapen hands. In the village's main street, another boy mends bicycles he will never be able to ride - because when he was nine his legs suddenly started to bend and break. They look now as if they have melted. And as night starts to fall, Guria's father cradles his little girl - with her beautiful dark eyes - and wonders what on Earth will happen to her when he is gone. From Our Own Correspondent was broadcast on Saturday, 28 March, 2006 at 1130 GMT on BBC Radio 4. Please check the for World Service transmission times. ***************************************************************** 51 reviewjournal.com: Survey suggests opposition May 04, 2006 REVIEW-JOURNAL A survey of 600 Southern Nevada residents conducted in February by a Clark County consultant found that 71 percent would vote against the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste project if they had a chance to, according to a statement Wednesday from county planners. More than two-thirds of the respondents thought that if the project goes forward and a repository for deadly spent fuel is built 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas, it would have a negative effect on their quality of life. The statement quotes Irene Navis, a county planning manager, as saying, "The timing of this survey is important because Congress is currently considering a bill that could accelerate the licensing process for Yucca Mountain." Copyright © Las Vegas Review-Journal, 1997 - 2006 ***************************************************************** 52 LA Daily: Water board reviews Boeing pollution waiver Article Launched: 05/04/2006 12:00:00 AM PDT BY KERRY CAVANAUGH, Staff Writer Under pressure from environmental groups and a state senator, the state water board said Wednesday that it will reconsider a decision that gave the Santa Susana Field Lab an eight-month break from complying with tough new pollution rules. The decision by the state's "Supreme Court of water" overrules a controversial order in March by board member and Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger appointee Jerry Secundy that froze pollution limits until a hearing later this year to determine whether the lab's water permit is too strict. In his decision, Secundy agreed with Boeing's argument that the company could face penalties, bad publicity and citizen lawsuits if it violated the permit while the review is pending. But environmentalists immediately protested the decision and Sen. Sheila Kuehl threatened to hold up the water board's budget unless the full board reconsidered Secundy's decision. "The decision appeared to put the interest of an industrial polluter above the protection of the public," said David Beckman, a senior attorney with the Natural Resources Defense Council. "I would hope this (new decision) signals an awareness within the State Water Resources Control Board that when it comes to major discharges of pollution at a rocket test facility upstream of neighbors, that the most important and fundamental goal the water board should be going for is (protecting the public) and not giving Boeing a free ride." Boeing spokeswoman Inger Hodgson said the company hadn't received formal notice that the water board would reconsider the decision, and she couldn't comment until seeing that. In the past, Boeing has said the lab's water permit is too stringent and the company needs more time to comply with regulations, particularly given the lab's size and terrain and the fact that most of the water leaving the site is stormwater. Boeing's 2,800-acre Santa Susana Field Lab sits in the Simi Hills on the border of Ventura and Los Angeles counties. The site was used for nuclear energy research from the late 1940s through 1988 and conducted regular rocket engine tests until late last year. The debate over the lab's water permit began in 2004, when the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board set strict new limits on pollutants that flow off the hilltop lab in surfacewater and stormwater. That water runs in local creeks through communities in west San Fernando Valley and Simi Valley. Between July 2005 and November 2005, Boeing received 71 permit violations for higher than allowed levels of dioxins, mercury and other contaminants. Last year, Boeing announced that a federal grand jury had subpoenaed records monitoring stormwater pollution leaving the field lab. Just last month, Los Angeles water officials sent a letter to Boeing warning that water leaving the lab had higher than allowed levels of dioxins, copper and strontium-90, a radioactive contaminant earlier found in 1993 in the soil just outside the lab's property line. The lab later bought the property. Boeing had asked Los Angeles officials to relax the permit for four years while the company developed a plan to prevent pollution from moving off-site, but the board refused. "Our history with Boeing has showed that when we take a more stringent stand, then the permittee has pursued compliance more aggressively," said H. David Nahai, chairman of the L.A. regional water board. Boeing appealed that decision and the full state water board will review the field lab permit before November to determine if it's too strict. Two of the five seats on the board are vacant and environmental groups have published editorials asking Schwarzenegger to appoint clean-water advocates to the board rather than people who have lobbied for or have ties to businesses and industries regulated by the water board. (213) 978-0390 Los Angeles Newspaper Group ***************************************************************** 53 Salt Lake Tribune: Senators blast security plans for N-waste transit Article Last Updated: 05/04/2006 07:25:25 AM MDT By Robert Gehrke The Salt Lake Tribune WASHINGTON - Sens. Orrin Hatch and Bob Bennett say Private Fuel Storage has not provided any security plan for a station where casks of nuclear waste would be moved from trains to trucks bound for temporary storage, posing an unacceptable threat to the safety of Utahns. The senators are asking the Bureau of Land Management to prevent Private Fuel Storage from building the transfer facility on federal land near Interstate 80 as part of a public comment period on the project. The proposed transfer facility is where 44,000 tons of nuclear reactor fuel would be moved from trains to trucks, then driven down a two-lane highway to the planned temporary storage site on the Skull Valley Goshute Indian Reservation, 45 miles southwest of Salt Lake City. "Currently, there is no plan or commitment for security either for the intermodal transfer facility or the truck transport of [spent nuclear fuel] casks from the facility to the Skull Valley Reservation," the senators wrote in a letter to the BLM on Tuesday. "This lack of security presents an unacceptable risk to Utah citizens." Sue Martin, spokeswoman for PFS, said the senators' suggestion that the waste would not be protected is false. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission and Department of Transportation set standards for shipments, including the transfer point. "Of course we would comply with those regulations, which include armed guards and various other measures," Martin said. "If the implication in what the politicians are saying is that there is no security, that is absolutely false." The transfer facility is essentially the only remaining option for PFS to deliver the waste to the temporary storage site. Congress passed legislation creating a wilderness area adjacent to the Indian reservation, blocking construction of a rail line to transport the spent nuclear fuel. Glenn Carpenter, manager of the BLM's Salt Lake City field office, said more than 2,000 public comments have been received so far, and several hundred more have been pouring into the office each of the last several days as the May 8 deadline approaches. However, many have not shed new light on the decision-making, he said. "Many of the comments we have received have, in effect, been votes and that's not exactly what we were hoping to have," said Carpenter. "We were looking for empirical data we might be able to use in our analysis. While we respect people's feelings, votes aren't what we were looking for." Hatch and Bennett also argued that the transfer facility violates the land management plan for the area, would hurt Air Force training on the nearby Utah Test and Training Range, and would be a target for terrorists intent on stealing nuclear material or blowing up the transfer facility. Martin said the NRC has reviewed the threat of an aircraft crash at the facility and found it to be so remote that it granted the license. "We really believe that issue has been put to rest," she said. The NRC granted PFS a license to build the facility in February, but the remaining pieces of the former consortium - which has lost several members - must have a way to deliver the waste to the facility and adequate funding for the project. © Copyright 2006, The Salt Lake Tribune. ***************************************************************** 54 Salt Lake Tribune: LDS Church issues statement urging nuclear waste disposal alternatives Article Last Updated: 05/04/2006 03:58:53 PM MDT By Judy Fahys The Salt Lake Tribune The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints urged the federal government this afternoon to promote alternatives to nuclear waste disposal. While Mormon leaders voiced objections last year to storing nuclear waste at the Skull Valley Goshutes Reservation in Tooele County in Skull Valley, they remained silent on the broader issues, such as the federal government's plan to bury reactor waste forever at Yucca Mountain, Nev. The latest statement appears to cover Yucca Mountain as well as the Skull Valley project, and it gives a boost to technologies such as nuclear reprocessing, as proposed by Salt Lake City-based EnergySolutions. "The transportation and storage of high-level nuclear waste create substantial and legitimate public health, safety, and environmental concerns," said the First Presidency in a rare statement on public policy. "It is not reasonable to suggest that any one area bear a disproportionate burden of the transportation and concentration of nuclear waste," the statement continues. "We ask the federal government to harness the technological and creative power of the country to develop options for the disposal of nuclear waste." © Copyright 2006, The Salt Lake Tribune. ***************************************************************** 55 The Dispatch: Olin Corp. Off the Hook Thursday, May 04, 2006 By Serdar Tumgoren Gilroy - A regional water board says it does not have enough information to pin perchlorate contamination in northeast Morgan Hill on the Olin Corporation, a road flare manufacturer ordered to clean up the potentially harmful substance from groundwater south of the city. "There are a lot of questions, a lot of complexities, and at this time we don't believe we have sufficient information to assign responsibility (for the northeast area)," said Hector Hernandez, an engineer overseeing clean-up efforts for the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board. The agency elaborated its reasoning in a 22-page report sent to Morgan Hill City Hall earlier this week. In it, the water board argues that numerous sources could be responsible for the perchlorate found in the Nordstrom Park well north of Tennant Avenue. In addition to the factory Olin operated from 1955 to 1987, the report states that perchlorate - a sodium known to cause thyroid dysfunction in large enough quantities - could have come from fertilizer, groundwater from nearby ponds and chlorine bleach from city wells and local mushroom farms. The report also points out that perchlorate concentrations at the well have fallen below the public health goal since 2003, when perchlorate was first discovered in South Valley. The agency said it would not order Olin to conduct additional studies to determine the source of pollution. Instead, officials will await a forensic analysis of groundwater by the Santa Clara Valley Water District. That analysis is due in summer 2007. The report caps a year-long wait by Morgan Hill officials, who asked the regional water board to investigate Olin's responsibility for the northeast contamination at the beginning of 2005. "It's been a letter long coming and it's pretty extensive, but I think it's fair to say we're disappointed," Morgan Hill City Manager Ed Tewes said. "It seems to say that we the board of the regional water agency acknowledge that there is perchlorate north of Tennant Avenue, but we're not sure they're the discharger and we hope that some day, somebody else will figure it out." Tewes said he expected greater engagement from the agency and plans to voice his dismay at a May 12 water board meeting. In the meantime, the city's 36,000 residents will continue to pay a monthly surcharge on their water bills for perchlorate clean-up, while a thousand families south of Tennant Avenue receive free bottled water from Olin. The company, which spends $60,000 per month to supply the water, has accepted responsibility for the 9.5-mile perchlorate plume that stretches south through San Martin and east of Gilroy. But it has steadfastly denied responsibility for contamination to the north. "I think that through the preponderance of evidence, the decision is clear - there is not one source of perchlorate in the area. There are multiple sources," said Rick McClure, an Olin engineer and spokesman. "We thought that this was a decision appropriate some time ago. Olin has extended significant funding to investigate (the northeast) area and we never really thought we were responsible for that." In recent weeks, Olin has tried to shift some responsibility for the southern plume to mushroom farms, but McClure said the company will proceed with a clean-up plan due at the end of June. In coming months, the regional water board will establish a baseline clean-up level for the southern plume that will determine how much remediation the company must perform. And in a little more than a year, the agency expects to have the forensic analysis of northeast contamination in hand. "We're hoping it will give us a better sense of whether we can assign responsibility or not," Hernandez said. "If we get to the point where we assign responsibility to Olin, the (southern clean-up level) may affect the extent of what we require them to do in the northeast." Serdar Tumgoren Serdar Tumgoren, Senior Staff Writer, covers City Hall for The Dispatch. Reach him at 847-7109 or stumgoren@gilroydispatch.com. ***************************************************************** 56 HSE: HSE to prosecute British nuclear group following leak at Sellafield plant E052:06 03 May 2006 The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is bringing a criminal prosecution against British Nuclear Group Sellafield Ltd (BNGSL) in connection with an incident at the Sellafield reprocessing site. The prosecution follows a detailed investigation by HSE’s Nuclear Installations Inspectorate into a leak of radioactive liquor inside a heavily shielded facility at the THermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant (THORP). HSE was notified of the incident on 20 April 2005. HSE has applied to the courts for summonses alleging that BNGSL breached three conditions attached to the Sellafield site licence granted under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965 (as amended). In summary these conditions require the licensee: to make, and comply with, written instructions; to ensure safety systems are in good working order; and to ensure radioactive material is contained and, if leaks occur, they are detected and reported. An initial hearing is scheduled for 8 June 2006 at Whitehaven Magistrates Court, Cumbria. Notes to editors: 1. The Nuclear Installations Act 1965 (as amended) provides for the licensing and inspection of sites used for operating nuclear reactors; manufacturing, storing and reprocessing nuclear fuel and related activities. No site may be used for operating a nuclear installation without a licence granted by HSE. The form of the site licence is the same for each installation and contains a standard set of 36 conditions, dealing with a variety of safety requirements. Contravention of any condition constitutes an offence under the Act. 2. THORP reprocesses nuclear fuel from overseas and UK second-generation commercial reactors. The plant has been shut since April 2005. The liquor leaked into a stainless steel-lined cell with 1.5m thick concrete walls. There is no current evidence of any harm to workers or the public. 3. Your attention is drawn to the fact that the provisions of the Contempt of Court Act apply to this matter. Press enquiries Mark Wheeler 020 7717 6905 Out of hours   020 7928 8382                 Caerphilly Business Park, Caerphilly CF83 3GG HSE information and news releases can be accessed on the Internet www.hse.gov.uk/ ***************************************************************** 57 Whitehaven News: Troubled N-waste firm has eyes on Sellafield Published on 04/05/2006 ONE of the likely bidders to run Sellafield has come under fire in the US for its handling of highly radioactive waste similar to that at Sellafield. CBS News TV documentary 60 Minutes recently visited Hanford, where Bechtel have hit big problems with a clean-up project. CBS reported: “Hanford, located along the Columbia River, is home to the most contaminated piece of real estate in the world, outside of Russia. “It is contaminated by waste left over from the production of nuclear weapons. There are 53 million gallons of highly radioactive liquid waste stored in underground tanks that are now so old they have leaked one million gallons of the stuff. “With a million people downstream, there's a sense of urgency about cleaning up the site, which is huge. As with Sellafield the plan in the US is to pump the waste out of the tanks and route it through miles of pipes to convert the radioactive waste into glass logs. CBS report that after three years of welding, pouring cement and laying miles of pipes and tons of steel, construction by Bechtel came to a screeching halt in 2005 because the Energy Department underestimated by 40 per cent how strong the building must be to withstand an earthquake. CBS claims the US Energy Department and the contractor, Bechtel, went ahead with the plant knowing their seismic standard might be off. Just as construction was about to begin in July 2002, an independent safety board sent a letter, warning the department. But construction continued. The seismic miscalculation is costing at least $800 million and a two- to four-year delay in completing the building. This practice of pushing ahead with construction before the engineering is complete is known as "fast track." Costs on the US project are up more than 150 per cent, and the start date for making glass logs has slipped seven years, to 2018. ***************************************************************** 58 DOE: DOE Issues Draft Request for Proposals for Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Contractor May 4, 2006 WASHINGTON , DC - The Department of Energy (DOE) is seeking comments on a draft Request for Proposals (RFP) for the competitive selection of a management and operating (M&O) contractor for Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a major DOE Office of Science single program research facility located on 6,800 acres approximately 45 miles west of Chicago, Illinois. Fermilab is a DOE Office of Science high-energy physics laboratory with an annual budget of about $315 million. Fermilabs mission is to advance the understanding of the fundamental nature of matter and energy by providing leadership and resources for qualified researchers to conduct research at the frontiers of high-energy physics and related disciplines. Approximately 2,500 scientists from 230 universities and laboratories in 35 states and 30 countries carry out research at the energy frontier, the highest energy environment for discovery of particle physics in the world. Fermilab operates user facilities that include the Tevatron, the worlds highest energy particle accelerator, the MiniBooNE, a neutrino oscillation experiment, and NuMI/MINOS, a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. In addition, Fermilab is the Host Laboratory for U.S. participation in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Compact Muon Solenoid detector, construction of certain LHC accelerator components, and the U.S. LHC Accelerator Research Program. The draft RFP includes provisions to facilitate competition, encourage superior science, and achieve excellent management performance. For example: * The successful offeror will be required to form a stand-alone corporate entity to manage and operate the laboratory, as opposed to a single parent institution or firm. Following the model of other recent M&O contract selections, this will serve to clarify lines of responsibility and accountability under the new agreement. * The contract includes award-term provisions to permit extension of the resulting contract for incremental periods up to 15 years beyond the initial five-year term as an incentive for superior performance. * The new contract will include a newly developed Laboratory Performance Appraisal Process, which is intended to enhance performance management, bring increased emphasis on effective operations and improved results at Office of Science laboratories, and link performance appraisal to the contracts award-term provisions. This new appraisal process is expected to bring greater comparability, consistency, and transparency to performance reviews, better tailor incentives to motivate contractor performance and generate more useful information for DOE management decisions. * The RFP contains provisions requiring the new contractor to retain the current workforce with the exception of the specified top-level positions. The draft RFP describes the criteria DOE will use in selecting a successful future contractor. Key criteria include the potential contractors management strategy and approach to achieving excellence in both world-class scientific research and development, as well as in operations and business management; key personnel, including the proposed laboratory director; experience and past performance in both science and business management; strategy for fulfilling DOEs mission for the laboratory; offerors involvement/resources; and proposed transition plan. The draft RFP is available to interested parties on the DOE e-Commerce web site: http://e-center.doe.gov/. In addition, an information library regarding the solicitation is available on the DOE Office of Science web site at http://rfpfnal.sc.doe.gov/ . Comments on the draft RFP, suggested changes to the draft contract provisions, and questions should be submitted to the Submit Questions feature on IIPS by June 5, 2006. Responses to questions and other information about the draft RFP will also be posted to this site. During the comment period, DOE will conduct one-on-one meetings with prospective offerors. The one-on-one meetings will be held during the week of May 22, 2006, at the DOE Chicago Office, 9800 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL. Specific information on the meetings will be posted on the e-Commerce web site listed above. Media contact(s): Craig Stevens, (202) 586-4940 Sandra Geib, (630) 252-2420 [ ] U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 | ***************************************************************** 59 DOE: Secretary Bodman Hosts Energy Ministers from Canada and Mexico May 4, 2006 WASHINGTON , DC U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman today met with Canadian Minister of Natural Resources Gary Lunn and Mexican Secretary of Energy Fernando Canales Clariond to discuss further integration of North American energy markets. The energy leaders addressed energy security and prosperity through investments in science and technology research, enhanced natural gas markets, and the expanded use of alternative energy sources among the three countries. Canada and Mexico are the top energy suppliers to the U.S. accounting for 30% of U.S. crude oil imports. Our nations have a long tradition of close cooperation that provides a base for economic and energy security, Secretary Bodman said. Today we built on this strong relationship during our meetings and we will continue to do so in pursuing our renewed agenda. The energy ministers acknowledged that traditional sources of energy will continue as a significant part of the regions energy mix in the near and medium-term and discussed the importance of commercializing clean energy technologies and diversifying our energy supplies for significant energy gains. The ministers discussed improving transparency and regulatory harmonization among the countries, strengthening energy efficiency standards, and developing and deploying alternative energy sources such as biofuels, clean coal, hydrogen and gas hydrates. The energy leaders also highlighted the importance of finalizing a legal framework for intellectual property protection to promote the exchange of funds necessary to ensure research and development collaboration. Todays trilateral meetings of the North American Energy Working Group (NAEWG) implement the energy security initiative established by Presidents George W. Bush and Vicente Fox and Prime Minster Stephen Harper during their Cancun meeting of the Security and Prosperity Partnership (SPP) on March 30-31, 2006. The NAEWGs ongoing work has put particular emphasis on the importance of open, efficient and transparent markets through regulatory cooperation and energy information exchange that support market transparency. The NAEWG, formed in 2001 by the three leaders of the United States, Mexico and Canada, is led by the energy ministers of each country and has been successful in fostering cooperation through integration of markets and resolution of energy issues. Canada is the top supplier of imported crude oil and petroleum products to the United States, accounting for more than 16 percent of total imported crude. Canadas oil sands industry and its reserves of 175 billion barrels make Canada second only to Saudi Arabia in proven reserves. Canada is also the top supplier of imported natural gas to the United States, supplying more than 15 percent of U.S. gas requirements and nearly all imported electricity. Mexico is the second largest supplier of crude oil and petroleum products to the United States, providing the United States with 1.5 million barrels per day, or 13 percent of total US crude imports. Mexico ranks ninth in the world for proven oil reserves, with 15.7 billion barrels. Mexico has the potential to grow as a natural gas exporter because of its sizeable reserves and as a future liquefied natural gas exporter as new liquefaction facilities under construction come on line. Media contact(s): Craig Stevens, (202) 586-4940 [ ] U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 | ***************************************************************** 60 Tri-City Herald: Hanford landfill moves forward Published Wednesday, May 3rd, 2006 By Annette Cary, Herald staff writer Hanford has a new landfill for radioactive waste, the last major landfill planned for the remaining cleanup of the nuclear reservation. Construction is complete on the first two waste disposal cells of the Integrated Disposal Facility, which eventually could be expanded to cover 26 acres. Now it's a 42-foot-deep hole in central Hanford that is 1,500 feet long and 765 feet wide. It will be used to hold 200,000 cubic yards of waste. Its cost was estimated at $36 million, but it was completed for about $25 million, partly because of good bid competition for the earth work, said Greg Parsons, CH2M Hill Hanford Group project manager. What may look like a hole in the ground is an engineered facility to prevent contamination of ground water with radioactive waste that will be buried there. At its bottom is a 7-foot-thick liner system. It includes a system to collect rain or snow melt and pump it in a nearby tank above ground. That's backed up with two leak detection systems. One alerts operators if moisture penetrates a layer of plastic below the pumping system and the other should detect liquid if it hits the soil beneath the 7-foot liner system. Around its top is a "shine berm," a 7-foot-tall wall of dirt to shield workers from radiation. Cranes will be used to put waste in the facility. When it closes, it will be topped with a soil cap designed to keep water out. "It's a state-of-the-art-built facility," said Suzanne Dahl, tank waste disposal project manager for the Washington state Department of Ecology, which regulates Hanford. Work on the landfill began after a construction subcontract was awarded by CH2M Hill nearly two years ago. Now there's no definite start date for when the facility will accept its first waste, "but the state very much believes it is a needed facility," Dahl said. It was built to permanently store the least radioactive of the glassified waste now waiting in Hanford's underground tanks to be treated and to help allow Hanford to stop its old practice of burying some low-level radioactive waste in unlined trenches. Two projects to vitrify, or turn tank waste to glass, have fallen behind schedule. The Department of Energy has stopped construction on the bulk vitrification pilot plant until it has more technical and cost information. The pilot plant was expected to produce the first of 50 blocks of low-activity radioactive waste as early as last December. In addition, the soonest the Waste Treatment Plant, the main plant to glassify waste, could be producing low-activity glass is 2011. That assumes operations to treat low-activity waste start at the plant years before treatment of high-level waste. Only the low-activity glass will remain at Hanford. High-level glass is to be sent to a national repository in Yucca Mountain, Nev. There has been concern DOE could plan to eventually use the Integrated Disposal Facility for radioactive waste imported to Hanford. However, no waste can be imported unless DOE wins a federal lawsuit allowing it to bring waste to Hanford for permanent disposal without first cleaning up waste already at Hanford. © 2006 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press &Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. 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