***************************************************************** 03/28/06 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 14.74 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 Iran: The Keys to the Nuclear Crisis 2 IRNA: President: Any decision denying Iran's right to access nuclear 3 Guardian Unlimited: Tehran Wants to Set Up Nuke Fuel Facility 4 Guardian Unlimited: Straw rejects military action against Iran 5 AFP: Flurry of UN activity amid signs of progress on Iran statement 6 AFP: Security Council holds informal session on Iran nuclear crisis 7 AFP: Rice to visit Europe for talks on Iran 8 AFP: Russia demands clear reply from Iran on nuclear offer - 9 IRNA: Merkel meets ElBaradei on Iran's nuclear program 10 Xinhua: DPRK to build nuclear armed forces against US attack 11 Guardian Unlimited: Indian Officials in D.C. for Nuke Deal 12 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: US cannot put in practice its threat 13 Arab League Head Pushes Commercial Nuke Power For Nuke Weapons 14 IRNA: Israel not interested at all in nuclear weapons-free Mideast - 15 Guardian Unlimited: Arab Nations Urged to Enter Nuclear Club 16 RIA Novosti: Russian company guarantees nuclear fuel deliveries to S 17 AFP: Saudis, with Pakistani help, working on nuclear programme - NUCLEAR REACTORS 18 [NukeNet] CLEAN NUCLEAR POWER? 19 US: Study Links "Smog" to Arctic Warming 20 Moscow Times: Russia Picks Site for New Nuclear Center 21 London Times: Energy can be cleaner, if deadlock is broken - 22 Guardian Unlimited: Nuclear reactions 23 US: NRC: NRC to Discuss 2005 Performance at Sequoyah Nuclear Power P 24 US: newsobserver.com: Utility: Nuclear good for climate 25 RIA Novosti: China ready to join Russia in floating NPP construction 26 RIA Novosti: Russian nuclear tech exporter ready to complete Slovaki 27 US: Rutland Herald: Entergy Nuclear to move ahead on power boost 28 US: JOURNAL NEWS: NRC, Entergy to meet with public on Indian Point 29 US: APP.COM: Ruling due on reactor hearing | 30 US: NRC: NRC to Discuss 2005 Performance at Watts Bar Nuclear Power 31 US: CourierPost: Radioactive pile causes a stir in Newfield - 32 US: CourierPostOnline: Slag pile details outlined 33 Xinhua: Argentine-built nuclear reactor to start operation in Sydney 34 Toronto Star: Give nuclear plan full environmental assessment 35 US: NRC: Notice of Issuance of Amendment to Materials License SNM-25 36 US: NRC: NRC to Discuss 2005 Performance Assessment for LaSalle Nucl 37 US: Newsday: Activists say accidents are not the only risk of nuclea 38 SouthAfrica.info: SA's 'small, safe' nuclear power - 39 US: NRC: NRC Begins Special Inspection at Texas A University’s Resea 40 US: WFSB: DEP concludes radiation in goat milk wasn't from Millstone 41 US: NRC: Sunshine Act; Notice of Meetings NUCLEAR SECURITY 42 US: Today's GAO Reports - March 28, 2006 43 US: Guardian Unlimited: Radioactive Matter Gets Into U.S. in Test 44 US: Guardian Unlimited: U.S. Looks to Put Inspectors in Bahamas NUCLEAR SAFETY 45 [du-list] Navy Shipboard Vietnam cancers linked to water 46 US: toledoblade.com: Federal agency plans to offer beryllium tests 47 US: Courier Post: Study finds link between cancer, nuclear power pla NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 48 US: New NIRS Report Challenges All US Radioactive Waste Policies 49 [NukeNet] YUCCA : "MAKE UP MORE STUFF" 50 US: [NukeNet] Presentation - Film - Navajos and Uranium mining 51 US: [NukeNet] SCOOP - THE ROY PROCESS 52 Las Vegas SUN: Republican candidates for governor disavow Guinn tax 53 US: NEWS.com.au: Withdraw uranium opposition, Labor told - 54 US: NEWS.com.au: China fires nuclear reaction 55 US: NEWS.com.au: Expand uranium mining: Campbell 56 Nevada Appeal: Feds continue to bully Nevada over Yucca 57 US: Australian Financial Review: Uranium prices predicted to get hot 58 ForUm: Bulgaria to transport nuclear materials via Ukraine 59 reviewjournal.com: YUCCA MOUNTAIN: Scientists tout technology, resea 60 US: AFP: Australian PM upbeat about prospects of nuclear deal with C 61 AFP: Local gov't okays test run at nuclear reprocessing plant - 62 US: Morris Daily Herald: Nuclear spill disclosure bill clears Senate 63 US: Midland Reporter-Telegram: With license pending, survey shows An 64 US: AU ABC: NT Govt mulls uranium sales timeframe. 65 US: AU ABC: Uranium deal with China close, Govt says 66 US: UPI: China gains access to Aussie uranium PEACE US DEPT. OF ENERGY 67 [NukeNet] response to DOE's expressions of interest, GNEP 68 Knox News: Problems dog process at Y-12 69 Knox News: ORNL, UT may help on project 70 KKTV: Rocky Flats Museum 71 DOE: DOE Conducts Energy Saving Assessment at W.L. Gore & ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Iran: The Keys to the Nuclear Crisis Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 21:01:30 -0600 (CST) Le Nouvel Observateur Week of Thursday 16 March 2006 The Islamic Republic at the UN Security Council Is the prospect of an Iranian atomic bomb inevitable? How soon? What would the consequences be for the Middle East? And what can the international community still do? 1) What is known about the Iranian nuclear program? We know that this program has existed for almost twenty years, that it remained totally clandestine until 2002 and that some part of it - the scope of which no one knows - is still secret. Thanks to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), we also know: 1) that Iran produces small quantities of plutonium in research laboratories. 2) that it is (almost) capable of converting uranium into gas and has the ability to do that on a large scale at Ispahan. 3) that Teheran has acquired or built several hundred machines designed to enrich that gas: the famous centrifuges that produce, according to their configuration, either fuel for an electric power station or fissile matter for an atomic bomb. 4) that the Islamic Republic intends to install tens of thousands of centrifuges in Natanz soon, but that Iranian engineers have not yet mastered the know-how required for them to run smoothly. 5) that the Iranian Army is testing medium range missiles, potentially capable of propelling a nuclear load for over 1,000 kilometers. Virtually anything else is nothing but a theory. 2) Is this program necessarily military? Teheran repeats that its objective is civilian: that it's all about producing electricity. "Why reject this explanation totally?" asks Bruno Tertrais, from the Foundation for Strategic Research. "The country is overflowing with oil and gas, but those resources will be exhausted. Consequently, it's not absurd for a big nation like Iran to plan for post-hydrocarbons. The Shah already had that idea ..." But it appears that it's something else. "Even if there is no formal proof, the clues to the principally military character of this program are numerous and corroborating," says Pascal Boniface, Director of the Institute for International and Strategic Relations (IRIS). In the main, there's the secrecy that has surrounded this matter for so long. Teheran's refusal to fully cooperate with the IAEA, its connections with the network of Abdul Qadeer Khan, father of the Pakistani bomb, and the traces of highly enriched uranium the inspectors have found on several machines. But for the specialists, the most troubling indicator is the recent discovery by the UN agency of plans for the construction of half-hemispheres made out of uranium metal. In fact, there is no known usage for such pieces up till now that is not military. According to the IAEA, these half-hemispheres fit into the composition of the bomb's "explosive heart." "Thus, in all probability, Iran is looking to provide itself with the means to build an atomic bomb," says Bruno Tertrais, "but nothing proves that the political decision to actually build that bomb has been taken. Teheran wants to imitate Japan and not cross the nuclear "threshold" - that is, to reach the technical and industrial level that would allow it to produce a weapon in several months, if necessary." However a number of experts believe that the Islamic Republic wants to cross that "threshold" and that the American decision to invade Iraq has only strengthened its determination. 3) How long would it take for Iran to produce an atomic weapon? The scenarios vary a great deal according to the experts and the circumstances. From 1995 to last summer, American secret services asserted on several occasions that Iran would have an atomic bomb "within five years," in other words, a deadline that has already been overshot several times. In August 2005, to general surprise, they "leaked" a new estimate: ten years, or 2015. Why such an extension? The spies justify their caution by the fact that the Iranian enrichment program encountered numerous difficulties and that Teheran would not have enough fissile material before "the beginning of the next decade." A further deadline that could also be interpreted as a confession of impotence: being tied down in the Iraq war would make any American military action against Iran impossible for some years from now, in any case. Several American and European specialists bet on a nearer date: 2009 or 2010, without bringing any more evidence to bear. 4) Must we prevent Iran from possessing nuclear weapons? According to IAEA Director and Nobel Peace prize winner Mohamed El Baradei, we must "stop thinking that it's morally unacceptable for certain countries to want nuclear weapons and morally acceptable for others to lean on them for their defense." But since the June 2005 election of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who proclaims his desire to wipe Israel off the map, the West distrusts the true intentions of the Islamic Republic more than ever. And for most analysts, a violation of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) by Teheran would also risk bringing about a very worrying proliferation dynamic in the Middle East. Iran's nuclearization could also revive the atomic ambitions of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, even Turkey and establish the definitive failure of international non-proliferation agreements. 5) Why have the negotiations undertaken by the Europeans failed? In 2003, France, Germany and Great Britain engaged in negotiations with Iran for two principle reasons. On the one hand, the Europeans were - and remain - worried about the constantly increasing reach of Iranian missiles with a potential nuclear capacity, missiles that could hit London, Paris, or Berlin one day. On the other hand, right in the middle of the American war in Iraq, the European troika wanted to prove to the world that proliferation problems can be settled diplomatically. After two and a half years of discussions, the failure is bitter. Certainly Iran has suspended its most sensitive activities on two occasions and consequently apparently lost a little time. But several experts assert that these voluntary stoppages were more due to technical problems than the skill of European negotiators. Last July, the troika made a global offer to the Islamic Republic: in exchange for the cessation of its enrichment activities and the opening of all its atomic sites and archives to IAEA inspectors, Europe would furnish it with light water nuclear plants (which do not risk being hijacked for military purposes), would support its candidacy at the WTO, and renew big trade negotiations that had been abandoned at the beginning of the nuclear crisis. But Teheran rejected this proposition out of hand. Why? "It's simple: the two parties' red lines are not compatible," explains Bruno Tertrais. "Iran wants to promote nuclear enrichment, which the Europeans want to absolutely prohibit it from doing." There is, it seems, another reason. "The Americans did not want to participate in these negotiations and offer the Iranians what might have convinced them: the lifting of the embargo they've imposed on Teheran since 1979 and the assurance that they won't attack them," adds Pascal Boniface. Whatever the case, to try to overcome the impasse, Moscow submitted an intermediate solution in November 2005 that was accepted by the West and China: the creation of an Irano-Russian company that would operate in Russia under IAEA control. New rejection by Teheran, which vociferously declares its desire to perform enrichment on its own soil. All diplomatic paths having been, in their estimation, exhausted, the Iranians announced at the beginning of 2006 that they were resuming their sensitive activities, suspended a few months earlier, including the construction of centrifuges. A slap in the face for Europe and the whole diplomatic community. 6) What can the Security Council do? Probably not much. Last week, after multiple threats, the IAEA consequently transferred the Iranian case to the United Nations' supreme decision-making body, the Security Council. Motive: Teheran's multiple breaches of its obligations as a signatory to the Non-proliferation Treaty. That's an apparent victory for the United States, which has loudly demanded this transfer for nearly three years. But what new stage can it attain? The fifteen members of the Security Council will probably first launch a solemn - but not comminatory - appeal at Iran. Then, if Teheran persists, will come the time for sanctions. "The Council will only be able to take limited measures," explains Bruno Tertrais, "such as restrictions on the movements of Iranian leaders or the freezing of their accounts abroad." For there is good reason to bet that two permanent members will not want to go further than that. Russia, on the one hand, has just sold surface to air missiles to Iran and is negotiating, among other things, the supply of fighter planes. Moscow also fears the destabilization of its southern border in the case of a serious crisis with the Islamic Republic. On the other hand, there's China, which is getting ready to sign a gigantic oil and gas contract with Teheran that is indispensable for its pursuit of economic growth. The United States will undoubtedly also not seek to move towards the use of force. Scalded by the Iraqi fiasco of beginning 2003, it wants to preserve the - very fragile - unity of the international community with regard to this case. In fact, only Europe - or almost only - envisages taking more severe measures with respect to Teheran. For several months, France and Great Britain have been reflecting upon establishing a battery of "targeted" sanctions that "would spare" the Iranian people. They would only affect the nuclear program, the Guardians of the Revolution and the regime's leaders. But no one can predict the impact of such measures. Under pressure, Iranian leaders could decide to accelerate their race to the bomb rather than slow it down. 7) Is military action against Iran conceivable? Stuck in the Iraqi quagmire, the United States does not really contemplate this eventuality - at least not in the short term. But while the British Foreign Affairs Minister excludes it "under any circumstances," Washington obviously wants to be able to brandish this threat. "Only one thing would be worse than military intervention: that Iran possess nuclear weapons," repeats Republican Senator John McCain. Consequently, Pentagon strategists make known that they are working on scenarios for an attack on Iranian nuclear sites. That could come from B-2 Stealth bombers stationed in Missouri or from the attack submarines that cross through the region. As long as it doesn't come from Israel: Israeli Defense Minister Shaul Mofaz, who originally came from Iran, has declared that "under no circumstances could Israel tolerate Iran being in possession of nuclear weapons." The Israelis assert that they have all the firepower necessary for these preventative strikes. But questions remain about the range of action of the Hebrew state's bombers. In fact, a military operation would only serve to delay the Iranian program, not to destroy it. For the Iranians learned their lessons from the 1981 bombardment of Osirak in Iraq: they have dispersed and buried their installations. Only the Ispahan conversion factory is situated far from an urban center and seems to be little protected. On top of that, the consequences of such an operation could prove to be catastrophic for the region's stability. Iran could counter-attack by launching its Shahab missiles against Israel and American bases in the Middle East. The Islamic Republic could also stir up the sectarian war in Iraq and organize a Shiite uprising against American troops. It could also re-launch Hezbollah attacks against Israel's north. As for the closing of the Strait of Hormuz through which close to 25% of the world's oil transits, that would make the price per barrel explode ... 8) How far is the Iranian state prepared to go? If tensions exist between the different decision-making bodies of the Iranian government, the nuclear question unifies more than it divides. There's even a consensus in the country on this subject. "Even those who are opposed to nuclear weapons, including the lawyer and Nobel Peace Prize winner Chirin Ebadi, defend Iran's right to civilian nuclear technology," says Pascal Boniface. But that is not to say that there is unanimity with respect to the manner of conducting negotiations. Three attitudes are perceptible within Teheran's power circles. There are those who favor pursuit of the nuclear program whatever the cost. This first group includes president Ahmadinejad and the "Kayan" journal which has always maintained that Iran should quit the Non-Proliferation Treaty. The second group, represented by Ali Larjani, the head of the Iranian nuclear issues negotiators, believe that the pursuit of the nuclear cycle "is Iran's inalienable right," but would like to continue the negotiations within the framework of international treaties. For the third group, which is also the most marginal, the costs of pursuing the nuclear cycle outweigh its advantages. That group also supports a direct dialogue with the United States. Former president Rafsandjani could share that point of view. The great unknown remains: the position of Supreme Guide Ali Khamenei, the ultimate decision-maker on the nuclear issue. Whatever the case, the nuclear arm-wrestling contest is but one symptom of Iran's new ambitions. The Americans being bogged down in Iraq and the increase in the price of gas allow Teheran to claim loud and clear its status as a regional power. All the more so in that Iran has seen its position strengthened by its enemies' (Saddam Hussein's and the Taliban's) defeat and by its friends' victories (the Shiites in Iraq's elections, Hamas in Palestine). Persuaded that a confrontation with America is inevitable, the Iranian president prefers to precipitate this confrontation while the balance of power is in his favor. According to the International Crisis Group, "We are not at the beginning of a conflict between Iran and the United States, but in the middle of this conflict which comprises the theatres of Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel." Chronology of the Iranian Crisis August 2002: A group of Iranian exiles asserts that Iran is secretly constructing two nuclear sites. Satellite photos confirm their statements. December 2002: Iran agrees to IAEA inspections. June 2003: The IAEA accuses Iran of not revealing the extent of its nuclear program. October 2003: After a meeting with the French, German, and British Foreign Affairs Ministers, Iran agrees to suspend its nuclear enrichment activities. September 2004: Iran resumes its uranium conversion activities. The IAEA demands that it stop. November 2004: Iran agrees to suspend its activities while it begins negotiations with the three European countries. August 2005: The new Iranian president rejects the European offer. The Ispahan enrichment factory starts up again. September 2005: Very hard IAEA report against Iran. November 2005: Moscow makes another proposal, also rejected by Teheran. January 2006: Iran resumes its sensitive activities. March 9, 2006: the IAEA transmits the case to the Security Council. ***************************************************************** 2 IRNA: President: Any decision denying Iran's right to access nuclear energy, worthless - Gachsaran, Kohkiloyeh-Boyer Ahmad prov, March 27, IRNA Iran-President-Nuclear President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad on Monday said that any decision on Iran's nuclear dossier which denies the country's right to access nuclear energy for peaceful purposes will be worthless for the Iranian nation. Speaking at the gathering of people in Gachsaran's Takhti Stadium, he added that the nation will pursue the issue. Turning to use of nuclear energy in peaceful programs as the inalienable right of Iranians, Ahmadinejad said that Iran will not quit such a right. "The enemies are against our scientific progress and intend to deprive Iran of its undeniable right by resorting to threats and psychological warfare. All Iranian people call for access to peaceful nuclear energy. "The nation is completely against injustice and tyranny on the international scene. The Iranians rather favor promotion of peace and tranquility across the world based on justice and through kindness," he added. The chief executive called on everyone to attempt promote justice and spirituality in the country. Ahmadinejad pointed to some of the features of Prophet (PBUH) and said that he dedicated his entire life to Jihad. Mohammad (PBUH), alone, confronted all deviations, ethical corruptions, tyrannies and injustice and went through a lot of difficulties. "As a consequence, the great Islamic civilization materialized in Medina, while kindness spread throughout the world," concluded the president. The oil-rich city of Gachsaran is situated to the south of Kohkiloyeh-Boyer Ahmad province. ***************************************************************** 3 Guardian Unlimited: Tehran Wants to Set Up Nuke Fuel Facility From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 28, 2006 6:01 PM AP Photo VAH101 By JUDITH INGRAM Associated Press Writer MOSCOW (AP) - Iran has proposed setting up a nuclear fuel production facility within its borders with international help, the Iranian Embassy said Tuesday, days before the five permanent U.N. Security Council members and Germany meet to discuss Tehran's suspect program. The new proposal is an alternative to Russia's offer to host Iran's nuclear fuel production as a way to ease concerns that enrichment conducted in Iran could be used to develop weapons. Iran maintains its atomic program is for generating electricity. Russia said its enrichment offer was contingent on Iran resuming a moratorium on domestic enrichment, but the Iranians rejected that link. ``In terms of satisfying its needs, Tehran cannot remain dependent on international suppliers,'' the Iranian government said in the statement. ``Iran would welcome the creation of an international nuclear fuel center on its territory with the participation of other countries and in the framework of an international consortium.'' Iran also reiterated that Security Council intervention in the dispute would ``escalate tensions, entailing negative consequences that would be of benefit to no party.'' The statement came as top diplomats from the United States, Britain, China, France, Germany and Russia scheduled a Thursday meeting in Berlin. Talks at the United Nations have stalled, with Russia and China wary of the tough language America, Britain and France are pushing to include in a draft statement on Tehran's nuclear activities. That language includes a demand that Iran stop uranium enrichment, a key process that can produce either fuel for a nuclear reactor or the material for a nuclear warhead. The Security Council has the power to impose economic and political sanctions. Russia and China are demanding that any statement reinforce the primacy of the U.N. nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency, in confronting Iran. Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said Tuesday his nation's offer to host Iranian enrichment remains on the table, but ``Iran should say unambiguously whether it is planning to accept or reject the offer in order to allay the international community's concerns,'' the Interfax news agency reported. Britain, France and Germany broke off more than two years of talks with Iran in January, saying there was no point in continuing to negotiate after Tehran said it would restart enrichment. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 4 Guardian Unlimited: Straw rejects military action against Iran Matthew Tempest, political correspondent Tuesday March 28, 2006 Jack Straw today insisted that military action against Iran would be neither "appropriate or conceivable", as he unveiled the Foreign Office's priorities for the next 10 years. Speaking in London to a conference of Britain's 200 ambassadors, recalled from around the world for the two-day conference, the foreign secretary said there would be no "international consensus" for action on Iran, although there was growing agreement about Tehran's "intransigence". And, in a separate white paper, Mr Straw set out energy security, terrorism and illegal immigration as Foreign Office priorities for the next ten years. Mr Straw's comments came two days before a meeting of foreign ministers in Germany to discuss the next steps to take against Iran. Before the meeting went into private session, he told ambassadors and the press: "I have made clear often enough the fact that I do not regard military action as appropriate or conceivable, nor do I believe that there would be any international consensus for that." But he warned that there were "anxieties" between countries, such as Russia and China, which have different interests in the Middle Eastern state. In the white paper, entitled Active Diplomacy for a Changing World, Mr Straw underlined the concerns surrounding Britain's declining energy reserves and the "tensions" resulting from large-scale migration. The paper also carries a new emphasis on consular support for British nationals in difficulty abroad, following the publication last week of the Foreign Office's consular guidance. On energy, the paper notes that Britain now imports more gas than it exports - relying on supplies from Norway, Russia, Algeria and the Gulf - and would face the same situation with oil by 2010. "Security of supply will become more important for the UK as we become dependent on importing energy from more distant, diverse and unstable regions," it said. "As the UK relies increasingly on importing energy, we need to work internationally to support open and diversified energy markets that ensure long-term security of supply." The paper acknowledged the economic and cultural benefits of managed migration, but said that illegal immigration undermined social cohesion and weakened public confidence in the rule of law. "It can also provoke tensions in the places large numbers of migrants travel through or where they settle. Illegal immigration is often fostered by criminal networks, which exploit migrants," it said. "International cooperation is central in tackling this issue. Those who have no right to remain in the UK must leave or face being removed. We expect other governments to take back their nationals who are illegally in the UK." Other priorities, repeated from the last white paper in 2003 - which was the first time the FCO had ever put out a so-called 'mission statement' - include making the world safer from global terrorism and weapons of mass destruction and promoting sustainable development and poverty reduction "underpinned by human rights, democracy, good governance and protection of the environment". Mr Straw said the expertise of his department's staff in local areas, including Iran, was a key tool in finding progress through complex diplomatic territory. He said: "Equally the negotiations over Iran's nuclear programme rely on expertise in technologically complex issues, a deep understanding of Iran and the region, and contacts and influence around the world to build what is now a growing international consensus in the face of Iran's intransigence. "You cannot build expertise and experience overnight and you cannot get it off the internet either. "We would not have achieved what we have in this and many other areas without a global, professional, diplomatic network. These professional skills bring real benefits to the British people." The Tory foreign affairs spokesman, Keith Simpson, said the document showed Labour had "lurched from its 1997 'ethical foreign policy' to its 1999 'doctrine of humanitarian intervention' to arrive at 'active diplomacy' in 2006". 28.03.2006: Full text: Active diplomacy for a changing world [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 5 AFP: Flurry of UN activity amid signs of progress on Iran statement - UNITED NATIONS (AFP) - Key members of the UN Security Council reported some progress in efforts to agree a statement urging Iran to come clean on its nuclear program. Envoys of Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States -- the five permanent, veto-wielding members of the Council known as the P-5 -- held three rounds of informal talks and were to meet again later in the afternoon. The flurry of diplomatic activity comes as foreign ministers of the P-5 plus Germany prepared to meet Thursday in Berlin to try to map out a long-term strategy on how to deal with Iran's refusal to halt uranium enrichment, which could be used in bombs. "I think we've got a certain momentum," US ambassador John Bolton told reporters. "The ministers are getting together in Berlin on Thursday and I think for their purposes and for ours we'll try to reach agreement here before that." "We may succeed, we may not succeed but that's what we are working on," he added. He described the purpose of the Berlin ministerial meeting as "long-range thinking". "We are making some progress," said China's UN envoy Wang Guangya, who stressed that differences between the Western powers on one side and Russia and China on the other had been narrowed in the latest consultations. The 15-member Security Council has been trying in vain for nearly three weeks to agree on a Franco-British statement, backed by Washington, that calls on Iran to honor its international commitments. The text aims to reinforce demands from the UN nuclear watchdog, including immediate suspension of all uranium enrichment activities and a return to a nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) protocol that allows for wider inspections of its nuclear facilities. Russia and China have opposed language in the proposed statement that would even hint at punitive measures against Iran, an ally and key trading partner. Another key stumbling block is a demand by Russia and China that the proposed statement reaffirmed the pre-eminent role of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in dealing with the nuclear crisis. "Let the IAEA play the leading role ... reinforce the role of the IAEA. I think we are moving in that direction," Wang said. "All of us have said we want to strengthen the hand of the IAEA and I think that will be clear in the text when it comes out but the Security Council has a role too and that will be clear," Bolton said. France's UN envoy Jean-Marc de la Sabliere concurred, saying the proposed non-binding statement, which must be approved by all 15 council members, "will be consistent with the idea that both (the IAEA and the Security Council) have to play their role." Meanwhile UN chief Kofi Annan said: "The Iranians will have to heed the advice of (IAEA head Mohamed) ElBaradei and convince the international community that their intention is only for peaceful use of nuclear energy." "I think it ought to be possible for them to come back to the (negotiating) table." Germany, France and Britain, the so-called EU-3, have pursued three years of inconclusive negotiations to coax Tehran off its nuclear program in exchange for economic incentives. On Tuesday, Russia called for an "unambiguous" reply from Iran on an offer to resolve an international standoff over Tehran's nuclear program as Security Council talks moved into high gear. "Iran must give an unambiguous agreement or refusal to this offer so that all the worries in the international community are resolved," Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said at a press conference in Moscow. Several rounds of negotiations in recent weeks between Moscow and Tehran on a Russian proposal to undertake uranium enrichment on Iran's behalf have failed to yield any concrete results. Iran earlier agreed "in principle" to the offer but then blamed the United States for holding back a deal. AFP ***************************************************************** 6 AFP: Security Council holds informal session on Iran nuclear crisis - Mon Mar 27, 9:38 PM ET UNITED NATIONS (AFP) - Members of the UN Security Council held informal talks on the Iranian nuclear crisis but again failed to break the impasse over a draft statement demanding a halt to Iranian uranium enrichment activities. Diplomats said envoys of Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States -- the five veto-wielding permanent members of the council known as the P-5 -- had two rounds of talks, one in the morning and the other in the afternoon. In between the two, the P-5 envoys huddled informally with their colleagues from the 10 other non-permanent council members to brief them on their deliberations. The five ambassadors said late Monday that they would meet again Tuesday morning. There was no word on the substance of the discussions, particularly on the contentious issues. The Security Council has been trying in vain for the past two weeks to reach agreement on a Franco-British statement, backed by Washington, that calls on Iran " /> to honour its international nuclear commitments. But Russia and China have opposed language in the proposed statement that would even hint at punitive measures against their ally and key trading partner. "We don't have a deal but we continued our discussions, we will continue them and we edged forward... but it's edging forward," said Britain's UN envoy Emyr Jones Parry. "There's still a lot of work to do," chimed France's UN ambassador Jean-Marc de La Sabliere. His Chinese counterpart Wang Guangya told AFP that little progress was made. "We will refer back to capitals and come back tomorrow," he noted. Wang earlier Monday said the Europeans had made several new proposals while the Russians also submitted their own ideas. After the P-5 meeting with the 10 other council partners, Japan's UN envoy Kenzo Oshima told reporters: "I don't know if it's appropriate to call it a deadlock, the talks are going on and it's not an easy process." But he said he did not expect an agreement to emerge before a meeting of foreign ministers from the P-5 and Germany scheduled for Thursday in Berlin. "If they are to meet Thursday in Berlin, one would expect as the most likely ...that there will be no agreement before that. It's not easy," Oshima said. The United States succeeded last month in persuading the International Atomic Energy Agency " /> (IAEA) to refer the matter to the Security Council, which has the authority to impose punitive measures, including sanctions. The United States, which is sending Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice " /> to the Berlin meeting, accuses Iran of seeking to develop nculear weapons under the cover of an atomic power program. Iran rejects the allegation and says it has the right as a signatory of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty to pursue uranium enrichment. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 7 AFP: Rice to visit Europe for talks on Iran Mon Mar 27, 10:58 AM ET WASHINGTON (AFP) - US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice " /> will leave on a trip to Germany, France and Britain for talks on Iran " /> 's nuclear program and other issues, a State Department official said. Rice will meet with officials of the so-called EU-3 at a time when talks within the UN Security Council on a statement calling Iran to account for its suspected nuclear weapons activities have been snagged. "Secretary Rice will be traveling to the UK, France and Germany, leaving this Wednesday and returning Sunday," said the State Department official, who asked not to be named. He said the discussions during the four-day trip would cover a wide range of topics, "but I am sure Iran will be a major feature of it." Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 8 AFP: Russia demands clear reply from Iran on nuclear offer - [Sergei Ivanov] MOSCOW (AFP) - Russia called for an "unambiguous" reply from Iran on an offer to resolve an international standoff over Tehran's nuclear programme as UN Security Council talks moved into high gear. "Iran must give an unambiguous agreement or refusal to this offer so that all the worries in the international community are resolved," Defence Minister Sergei Ivanov said at a press conference. Ivanov's comments came as representatives of the five permanent UN Security Council members plus Germany readied to meet Thursday in Berlin to try to work out a way forward. Several rounds of negotiations in recent weeks between Moscow and Tehran on a Russian proposal to undertake uranium enrichment on Iran's behalf have failed to yield any concrete results. Russia has said the offer remains on the table but Ivanov appeared to echo growing frustration among Russian officials with Iran's negotiating tactics. Iran earlier agreed "in principle" to the offer but then blamed the United States for holding back a deal. The offer is aimed at reassuring Europe and the United States, which fear that if Iran is allowed to carry out the fuel cycle work itself, it will divert the technology for a weapons programme. Tehran says its nuclear programme is part of a drive for peaceful civilian energy. Iran appeared to blow cold water on Russia's offer, saying in a statement Tuesday that Tehran "cannot make itself dependent on international suppliers." Nevertheless, it went on, "Iran welcomes the creation of an international centre for supplying nuclear fuel with the participation of other countries in the framework of an international consortium on its own territory." Late Monday, negotiations between envoys from the five permanent Security Council countries -- Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States -- ended a first session of informal talks on the dossier without agreement on a draft statement demanding a halt to Iranian uranium enrichment activities. In between the two rounds of talks in New York they also huddled informally with their colleagues from the 10 other non-pernament members. The five ambassadors said late Monday that they would meet again Tuesday. There was no word on the substance of the discussions. The Security Council has been trying in vain for the past two weeks to reach agreement on the Franco-British statement, backed by Washington, that calls on Iran to honour its international commitments. Russia and China have opposed language in the proposed statement that would even hint at punitive measures against Iran, an ally and key trading partner. But Ivanov on Tuesday sought to stress that Russia was in line with its Security Council partners. "The Russian position is no different from the position of the rest of the international community. Russia is categorically against proliferation or the threat of proliferation of nuclear weapons, and I absolutely agree that this menace exists," he said. Beijing for its part said Tuesday that the upcoming six-nation meeting in Berlin was "an important part" of efforts to solve the standoff. AFP ***************************************************************** 9 IRNA: Merkel meets ElBaradei on Iran's nuclear program Berlin, March 27, IRNA Germany-IAEA-Iran German Chancellor Angela Merkel met here on Monday with the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Mohammad ElBaradei to discuss Iran's nuclear program. No details of their talks at the chancellery were released to press. The head of the UN nuclear agency was also scheduled to hold talks with German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Economic Minister Michael Glos and members of the foreign policy committee of the German parliament later in the evening. Merkel and ElBaradei have repeatedly urged a diplomatic solution to the Iranian nuclear row. ***************************************************************** 10 Xinhua: DPRK to build nuclear armed forces against US attack www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2006-03-28 19:55:08 Special report: Six-party talks -- 5th round Related: Bush reaffirms preemptive strategy DPRK urges US to lift financial sanctions DPRK denounces US, ROK drills PYONGYANG, March 28 (Xinhua) -- The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) on Tuesday vowed to build nuclear armed forces for self-defense against possible U.S. preemptive nuclear attack. A signed commentary of the DPRK's official newspaper Minju Joson denounced a U.S. national security strategy report, which regards the DPRK as an "outpost of tyranny." U.S. President George W. Bush reiterated the preemptive policy, which he first outlined in 2002, in his 49-page long national security strategy report released on March 16. "Under such situation where the U.S.-threatened preemptive nuclear attack was impending in actuality, the DPRK had no other option but to make a bold decision to build nuclear armed forces for self-defence," said the commentary. The paper said that the U.S. strategy shifted its foreign policy away from decades of deterrence and containment toward a more aggressive stance of attacking enemies before they attack the United States. "As soon as it took office, the Bush administration newly adopted its nuclear strategy focused on the DPRK and started posing undisguised threat of nuclear attack against the DPRK," said the Minju Joson. In the commentary, Pyongyang was also strongly against the financial sanction imposed by the U.S. last October before the second phase of the fourth round of six-party talks. "At the crucial moment when both sides were to move in actuality toward the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, the United States took financial sanctions against the DPRK" under such unreasonable pretexts as counterfeit notes and money laundering, added the Minju Joson. The DPRK has denied the U.S. allegations and ruled out participation in a new round of disarmament negotiations until the sanctions are lifted. Enditem Editor: Zhu Jin Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 11 Guardian Unlimited: Indian Officials in D.C. for Nuke Deal From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 28, 2006 5:01 AM By FOSTER KLUG Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) - India's foreign secretary is visiting Washington this week, the start of a monthlong effort to help President Bush sell his landmark civilian nuclear cooperation deal to a skeptical Congress. Foreign Secretary Shyam Saran's trip, scheduled to begin Tuesday, includes meetings with U.S. lawmakers and State Department officials. Following his visit, a string of Indian ministers will meet in coming weeks with U.S. officials and speak at think tanks, press conferences and business gatherings across Washington. They will argue that a U.S.-Indian deal to share nuclear technology and fuel is crucial for a close U.S. ally determined to meet massive energy demands. Hard questions, however, are expected from lawmakers, some of whom worry the deal could ruin international efforts to stop the spread of nuclear weapons technology. Jon Wolfsthal, a nonproliferation analyst with the Center for Strategic and International Studies, said Congress was largely shut out of earlier negotiations on the deal. Meetings with Indian ministers, he said, will give lawmakers a chance to push India on issues the Bush administration has said India considers as deal-breakers, such as trying to get India to sign a moratorium on the production of nuclear materials. Lawmakers, he said, ``are going to want to find out for themselves where the limits of Indian flexibility are.'' Christine Fair, a South Asia analyst with the congressionally funded U.S. Institute of Peace, said the Indians ``know they have an uphill battle.'' ``There are a lot of skeptics in Congress who do not believe that we need to have a nuclear deal inked with the Indians for our relationship with the Indians to go forward,'' she said. Since Bush and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh agreed to pursue an accord on nuclear cooperation earlier this month in India, administration officials have waged an aggressive campaign to convince lawmakers and the public that the deal is the cornerstone of a new global partnership with India. They say the pact brings India into the nonproliferation mainstream by increasing international inspections and putting U.N. safeguards on India's civilian nuclear power industry. The deal also reduces India's dependence on fossil fuels, supporters say, by allowing it to build more nuclear power plants. Critics say U.S. and Indian efforts are an attempt to sell a flawed deal to lawmakers increasingly willing to question Bush's leadership as the president's popularity plummets and elections approach. Henry Sokolski, executive director of the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center and a former Pentagon official, said the Indians' visit reflects a State Department that does not ``think they can sell this thing alone. They need all the help they can get.'' Congress is considering a bill that would exempt India from U.S. laws that restrict trade with countries that have not submitted to full nuclear inspections. New Delhi has refused to sign the international Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and conform to its inspection regime. The United States and India agreed in early March that India would separate its civilian and military nuclear facilities. The two countries still must negotiate the conditions, duration and scope of the overall cooperation plan. Rep. Ed Markey, D-Mass., said in a statement Monday that the Bush administration ``is looking to snooker Congress into signing an agreement now, promising that details will follow later.'' The Bush legislation, he said, reduces ``Congress to the role of a passive rubber-stamp with respect to one of the most critical nuclear nonproliferation issues of the last decade.'' Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 12 IRIB PERSIAN NEWS: US cannot put in practice its threat 2006/03/28 Moscow, March 28 - Deputy Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mohammadi said on Monday that the US cannot put into practice its threats against Iran. Interviewed by the Russian daily Nizavisimaya Gazeta, he said that given the US is now engaged in two wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, it cannot also fight with Iran. "Iran's powerful armed forces, makes it distinct from Iraq and Afghanistan. Therefore, entering into war with such a country will be quite hard for the US," he added. The deputy minister referred to the country as a big warehouse stockpiled with gunpowder and said that even a single lighted match thrown at it will explode everything. "In such a case, all the neighboring countries will also be damaged and the US seems to have realized it," he added. Mohammadi said that Iran's nuclear activities were launched 27 years ago, immediately after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, and that the Iranians have learned how to confront the US. "They intend to launch another revolution in Iran and so far as they do not understand the concept of the Islamic Revolution, this crisis will continue," he added. Concerning the perspective of Iran-Russia relations under the light of the recent developments concerning Iran's nuclear program, the official said that both states should continue their strategically favorable ties. "The West has never considered Russia as its loyal and permanent ally. But to us, Russia is mostly an Asian rather than European country. In other words, we are aboard the same vessel. "Iran is a big and ancient country enjoying outstanding scientific and cultural status. When the West was still dominated by dark thoughts, we were what we are. The West should respect our inalienable rights. Such problems appear when there is no understanding," he concluded. Copyright 2004, All Rights Reserved By Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting ***************************************************************** 13 Arab League Head Pushes Commercial Nuke Power For Nuke Weapons Date: Wed, 29 Mar 2006 00:23:14 -0500 Anyone with a commercial nuclear power reactor has the ability to make nuclear weapons. Bush and much of the "deveolped" world's current push for even more of them bespeaks a literal insanity and subconcious suicidal/fratricidal mentality that must be stopped at all costs. Is the path of Armageddon starting to unroll before the world's eyes via "civilian" nuclear power, that is "Atoms For War"? http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/international/AP-Arab-Summit.html Head of Arab League Pushes Nuke Programs a.. E-Mail This b.. Printer-Friendly c.. Save Article By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: March 28, 2006 Filed at 6:45 p.m. ET KHARTOUM, Sudan (AP) -- The head of the Arab League called on Arab states Tuesday to work toward ''entering the nuclear club'' by developing atomic energy -- a new concern for a Western world already trying to rein in Iran's nuclear ambitions and fretting about a possible Mideast arms race. Amr Moussa's comments came as a surprise at a troubled Arab League summit meant to tackle crises ranging from Iraq to the Palestinian peace process. U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan warned Arab leaders that the Mideast faces one of its most critical periods. ''You are meeting today here while the whole Arab world and the region is witnessing turmoil,'' Annan said in a statement read by an envoy. But Arab leaders seemed unlikely to take serious action. In private sessions before the summit, Iraqi Foreign Minister Hoshyar Zebari castigated Arab governments, saying their promises at the summit to help Iraq were ''rhetoric.'' The summit has already been undermined by low attendance. Ten heads of state from the league's 22 members stayed away, most notably Egypt's president and Saudi Arabia's king -- two regional heavyweights and top U.S. allies. Moussa spoke to the gathered leaders at the opening of the summit, saying, ''I would like to call on the Arab world to enter into the world of peaceful use of nuclear energy with all speed and momentum.'' ''This is a legal right ensured for all states that are party to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty,'' he said. No Arab country is known to have a significant program for nuclear energy, and few have shown a drive to do so. But Moussa's call was likely to cause concern in the United States and Europe, which are pressing for U.N. Security Council action on Iran's nuclear program. Washington accuses Iran of seeking to develop nuclear weapons, an accusation Tehran denies, saying it seeks only to generate electricity. The issue of Iran has divided Arab leaders. Countries close to Iran, including Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates, have expressed concern over its program, focussing on safety issues and the threat of a possible regional arms race. Moussa, an Egyptian, quarreled publicly with the Emirates' foreign minister after he urged Gulf leaders to focus on Israel, not Iran. Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir accused the West of double standards on the nuclear issue. ''This is an issue which should not be a subject of discrimination. For the international community to be honest, Israel should be pushed to sign the Nonproliferation Treaty and open its nuclear installations for inspection,'' he said in a speech to the summit Tuesday. The issue of Iran's standoff with the West was on the agenda for the summit, but the political turmoil and violence in Iraq and the issue of how to deal with a new Hamas-led Palestinian government loomed larger. The annual Arab summits regularly conclude with resolutions that often fail to yield concrete action. This year, though, leaders received messages asking them to be assertive. Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, whose country is not a member of the league but who was invited as a guest, encouraged the leaders to make democratic changes, respect human rights and accept accountability. ''After that, our efforts to maintain peace and security will be more effective,'' he told them. Among the resolutions agreed upon is one that promises help for Iraq and to eventually open embassies there, a top demand of the Baghdad government. But Iraq's Zebari dismissed the resolutions as ''rhetoric'' and told his Arab counterparts to deal realistically with Iraq, according to Arab diplomats who participated in the private discussions Sunday. ''You should learn from the mistakes of Saddam Hussein,'' he said when some of the ministers pressed for a more anti-Western stance in the summit resolutions, according to the diplomats, who spoke on condition of anonymity because the meeting was private. When the ministers complained about his comments, Zebari retorted with an Iraqi proverb: ''Ask an experienced man, not just a learned one.'' ***************************************************************** 14 IRNA: Israel not interested at all in nuclear weapons-free Mideast - Berlin, March 28, IRNA Germany-Mideast-Israel Israel is not interested at all in joining a nuclear weapons-free zone in the Middle East, a German university professor said on Tuesday. "Israel has never admitted to having nuclear weapons. The future (Israeli) government - however it might look like - has not the least interest in a nuclear weapons-free zone in the region," said Guenter Meyer of the Johannes Guttenberg University, located in the southwestern German city of Mainz, in a brief interview with IRNA. "Why should Israel voluntarily abandon its deterrence potential as the only nuclear power and who can force the Israeli government to do so?" the scholar asked rhetorically. Meyer also stressed that neither right-wing candidates for the Israeli prime minister position, Benjamin Netanyahu and Ehud Olmert, are "not interested in a stabile peace in the Near East because this could only be achieved jointly with the Palestinians". Meanwhile the German expert accused the US government of having a "double moral" towards Israel by ignoring the ongoing human rights violations and brutal occupation policy of Palestine. ***************************************************************** 15 Guardian Unlimited: Arab Nations Urged to Enter Nuclear Club From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 28, 2006 2:46 PM AP Photo NN107 By TANALEE SMITH Associated Press Writer KHARTOUM, Sudan (AP) - Secretary-General Amr Moussa called on Arab leaders Tuesday to move toward a goal of ``entering the nuclear club'' and making use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes. The absence of at least 10 heads of state, including President Hosni Mubarak of Egypt and Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah, raised concerns of a lackluster summit in a year where many had hoped to see serious efforts at dealing with regional troubles. The 22-member Arab League is contending with complex issues involving Iraq's future and how to deal with a Hamas-led government in the Palestinian territories. The U.S. State Department has urged Arab leaders to ``be as supportive as possible of the new Iraqi government'' by sending ambassadors and providing economic assistance to Baghdad. For their part, Arab governments - already suspicious of non-Arab Iran - have been irritated by plans for talks on Iraq between Iranian and U.S. officials. Moussa was particularly emphatic about Iraq in his address. ``Any solution for the Iraqi problem cannot be reached without Arabs, and Arab participation,'' he said. ``Any result of consultations without Arab participation will be considered insufficient and will not lead to a solution.'' Moussa called on Arabs ``to enter into the nuclear club and make use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes,'' a plea that comes as the world is wary about nearby Iran's nuclear ambitions. In his opening speech, Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika, host of last year's summit, called on Iraqis to close ranks to avoid a sectarian conflict pitting the country's Shiite majority against the once-dominant Sunni Arab minority. Iraq's neighbors, he said, should ``honestly cooperate with the Iraqi people to preserve the country's integrity and unity.'' The host, Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir, used his opening speech to praise Palestinian elections and denounce Israel and Western countries that have threatened to cut off aid in response to the victory of the militant Hamas. ``We say no to robbing the Palestinian people of their democratic choice, no to punishing the Palestinian people for exercising their right to choose who rules, and no to succumbing to Israel's violations of all the promises it made,'' he said, winning the applause of the audience of heads of state and delegates. Hamas' landslide election victory in January has raised fears of a halt in the Mideast peace process. The United States and European Union have threatened to cut direct financial aid vital to keeping the Palestinian Authority running, and Washington has pressed its Arab allies to follow suit. However, a resolution to be adopted by the leaders meeting in Khartoum will pledge continued Arab funding for the Palestinian Authority. Al-Bashir also condemned ``terrorism in all its forms'' and called for the use of all means to fight it. But he asked for an international conference to ``agree on an objective definition of terrorism'' - a long-standing demand by several Arab nations. Sudan is also hoping to win Arab backing for its position on the conflict in its Darfur region, where it is resisting Western pressure - and a U.N. resolution - for the African Union peacekeeping force there to be replaced by a bigger U.N. force. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 16 RIA Novosti: Russian company guarantees nuclear fuel deliveries to S.Korea 28/ 03/ 2006 MOSCOW, March 28 (RIA Novosti) - A subsidiary of Russia's top civilian nuclear power company said Tuesday it would ensure stable nuclear fuel supplies to South Korea. Tekhsnabexport (Tenex), a producer and exporter of nuclear materials, said it was considering various options for expanding its presence in the Asia Pacific, rejecting allegations by U.S. company Palmco that it was seeking to crowd the Americans out of the South Korean nuclear market. The Russian and U.S. companies have been involved in a long running legal dispute. Their cooperation began in 1988, when the two companies signed a long-term contract for the delivery of low-enriched uranium for nuclear power plants in South Korea. Tenex said it was planning to continue cooperation with Palmco under earlier contracts for nuclear fuel supplies to South Korea. Tekhsnabexport has been supplying nuclear materials (low-enriched uranium) to South Korea for almost two decades. © 2005 RIA Novosti ***************************************************************** 17 AFP: Saudis, with Pakistani help, working on nuclear programme - BERLIN (AFP) - Saudi Arabia is working secretly on a nuclear programme, with help from Pakistani experts, a German magazine reports in its latest edition, citing Western security sources. The German magazine Cicero says that during the Hajj pilgrimages to Mecca in 2003 through 2005, Pakistani scientists posed as pilgrims to come to Saudi Arabia in aircraft laid on by the oil-rich kingdom. Between October 2004 and January 2005, some of them took the opportunity to "disappear" from their hotel rooms, sometimes for up to three weeks, it quoted German security expert Udo Ulfkotte as saying. According to Western security services, the magazine added, Saudi scientists have been working since the mid-1990s in Pakistan, a nuclear power since 1998 thanks to the work of the now-disgraced Pakistani scientist Abdul Qadeer Khan. Cicero, which will appear on newstands on Thursday, also quoted a US military analyst, John Pike, as saying that Saudi bar codes can be found on half of Pakistan's nuclear weapons "because it is Saudi Arabia which ultimately co-financed the Pakistani atomic nuclear programme". The magazine also said satellite images prove that Saudi Arabia has set up in Al-Sulaiyil, south of Riyadh, a secret underground city and dozens of underground silos for missiles. According to some Western security services, long-range Ghauri-type missiles of Pakistani-origin are housed inside the silos. AFP ***************************************************************** 18 [NukeNet] CLEAN NUCLEAR POWER? Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 17:56:46 -0800 NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) 'Clean' nuclear power? From Mr John Busby February 22, 2005 UK Times http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,59-1494615,00.html Sir, Papers delivered to the World Nuclear Association’s annual symposiums show an industry in crisis in that primary supplies of uranium provide only 55 per cent of the current demand, the balance coming from the so-called secondary sources of ex-weapons material, inventories and reworked mine tailings. The papers indicate that the secondary sources are running down. The 36 reactors under construction (letter, February 17) can only be supplied by the scheduled closing of many of the 430 existing reactors, whose life is in some cases being extended by ignoring the safety implications associated with the deterioration in the materials of their construction as a result of irradiation. Even if nuclear power is “carbon dioxide clean”, which it is not, the contribution it makes to global energy supplies is a mere 2½ per cent. Using the lower grades of uranium ore as the higher grades are depleted leads to even more carbon dioxide being released from the less efficient mining, milling and enrichment involved. Nuclear power offers neither sustainability nor a “clean” overall fuel cycle and cannot contribute to an alleviation of global warming. There is no “nuclear option”. Yours faithfully, JOHN BUSBY, Oakwood, Melford Road, Lawshall, Bury St Edmunds IP29 4PY. February 17. Posted for educational and research purposes only, - in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 - _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 19 Study Links "Smog" to Arctic Warming Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 21:01:38 -0600 (CST) NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Tuesday 14 March 2006 NASA scientists have found that a major form of global air pollution involved in summertime "smog" has also played a significant role in warming the Arctic. In a global assessment of the impact of ozone on climate warming, scientists at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), New York, evaluated how ozone in the lowest part of the atmosphere changed temperatures over the past 100 years. Using the best available estimates of global emissions of gases that produce ozone, the GISS computer model study reveals how much this single air pollutant, and greenhouse gas, has contributed to warming in specific regions of the world. According to this new research, ozone was responsible for one-third to half of the observed warming trend in the Arctic during winter and spring. Ozone is transported from the industrialized countries in the Northern Hemisphere to the Arctic quite efficiently during these seasons. The findings have been accepted for publication in the American Geophysical Union's Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres. Ozone plays several different roles in the Earth's atmosphere. In the high-altitude region of the stratosphere, ozone acts to shield the planet from harmful ultraviolet radiation. In the lower portion of the atmosphere (the troposphere), ozone can damage human health, crops and ecosystems. Ozone is also a greenhouse gas and contributes to global warming. Ozone is formed from several other chemicals found in the atmosphere near the Earth's surface that come from both natural sources and human activities such as fossil fuel burning, cement manufacturing, fertilizer application and biomass burning. Ozone is one of several air pollutants regulated in the United States by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. The impact of ozone air pollution on climate warming is difficult to pinpoint because, unlike other greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, ozone does not last long enough in the lower atmosphere to spread uniformly around the globe. Its warming impact is much more closely tied to the region it originated from. To capture this complex picture, GISS scientists used a suite of three-dimensional computer models that starts with data on ozone sources and then tracks how ozone chemically evolved and moved around the world over the past century. The warming impact of low-altitude ozone on the Arctic is very small in the summer months because ozone from other parts of the globe does not have time to reach the region before it is destroyed by chemical reactions fueled by ample sunshine. As a result, when it is summertime in the Northern Hemisphere, ozone-induced warming is largest near the sources of ozone emissions. The computer model showed large summer warming from ozone over western North America and eastern Europe/central Asia, areas with high levels of ozone pollution during that time of year. The new results identify an unexpected benefit of air pollution control efforts worldwide, according to lead author Drew Shindell. "We now see that reducing ozone pollution can not only improve air quality but also have the added benefit of easing climate warming, especially in the Arctic." ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The research was supported by NASA's Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program. ***************************************************************** 20 Moscow Times: Russia Picks Site for New Nuclear Center Wednesday, March 29, 2006. Issue 3381. Page 5. By Yuriy Humber Staff Writer Russia has picked the town of Angarsk as the site for its international nuclear fuel service center, part of an initiative to assume a greater role in the international nuclear processing industry, a government official said Monday. The Federal Atomic Energy Agency will seek approval from the international nuclear watchdog to have an existing chemicals plant in Angarsk certified as an international service center, an agency spokesman said by telephone. The Angarsk Electrolysis Chemical Complex already houses uranium conversion and enrichment facilities. The proposed location comes to light two months after President Vladimir Putin first pitched Russia as a site for one of a handful of international centers -- to be overseen by the International Atomic Energy Agency -- to provide a full cycle of processing services on behalf of other countries. Putin's proposal coincided with international concerns over Iran's plans to commence nuclear enrichment. "Angarsk would not accommodate all the elements of the international program. But, it could deal with [uranium] enrichment," among other processing functions, agency spokesman Sergei Novikov said. The training of personnel to operate nuclear power plants and the setting up of waste storage facilities would be located elsewhere, he said. Should Angarsk receive final approval from the IAEA, it is likely to be presented by Russia at the Group of Eight meeting this summer as its site of choice for a full-cycle processing facility. In addition to Russia's proposals, G8 heads of state are also expected to look at a U.S. initiative focusing on recycling nuclear waste, dubbed the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership, or GNEP. During a recent visit to Moscow, U.S. Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman invited Russia to give financial and technological know-how to the GNEP. "Essentially, it's now for Presidents Putin and Bush to work out at the G8 meeting how the two initiatives will work together. Then we'll see progress on setting up the centers," a source close to the federal agency said. The Angarsk plant, situated 100 kilometers west of Lake Baikal, already offers conversion and enrichment facilities, exporting about half of its production to countries including the United States, Europe, China and Japan. The complex employs about 6,300 people, according to its web site. "Many thought one of the closed towns in the Urals or Krasnoyarsk would be picked," said Alexander Pikayev, a nuclear issues expert at the Institute of World Economics and International Relations. In its favor is Angarsk's close proximity to sizeable energy resources, he added. As international efforts continue to dissuade Iran from domestic uranium enrichment, the Angarsk chemical plant could also feature in the proposal for a Russian-Iranian joint venture to solve that problem, sources close to the federal agency said. In that venture, Russia would be willing to cede partial financial control of the Angarsk operation but would not allow access to the technological side. This would reduce the risk of proliferation, the sources said. © Copyright 2006 The Moscow Times. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 21 London Times: Energy can be cleaner, if deadlock is broken - Britain - Times The Times March 29, 2006 Analysis By Camilla Cavendish THE Prime Minister's desire to bring America, India and China to the table on climate change is worthy. It is not clear, however, whether persuading them to sign up to his new goals on climate change in principle will entice them into action. Business needs more than vague promises to get the clear signal about long-term investment that Tony Blair hopes for. There is already a global agreement on greenhouse gas emissions: it is called the Kyoto Protocol. India and China are signed up in principle but, like other developing nations, they are not bound by its targets. The initiative is an advance on Kyoto in only one respect: it is intended to break the deadlock with America, which sees Kyoto as a leftist conspiracy. Mr Blair hopes to capitalise on the progress in the American position that was made at the Gleneagles summit last year, when they agreed that climate change was in part man-made. Kyoto has not been a great success, for sure. Only two of the European signatories, Britain and Sweden, look set to meet its targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. But it is arguable that the very existence of the protocol has prompted individual US states, most notably California, New York and Oregon, into setting their own targets for reducing carbon emissions. They expect that whoever becomes President in 2008 will be forced to act. It is not yet clear whether a new pact would accelerate that process. But here are some of the "clean technologies" that will be under discussion: # "Clean coal" technology: This is top of the American agenda. A new generation of the old smokeless fuels is being tested from which the carbon dioxide emitted could be recovered after burning, then stored underground. Carbon capture and storage processes are extremely new. BP opened its pioneering reservoir in the desert in Algeria in 2004. Some green groups suggest that there are dangers in an "out of sight, out of mind" solution. # Nuclear power: The chestnut is gaining favour with Mr Blair. It is clean, carbon-free and proponents claim relatively cheap, although that is disputed. France produces 78 per cent of its electricity from nuclear. There is still no solution for making waste absolutely safe, or for securing power stations against terrorist attack. # Renewable energy sources: Solar, wind and water are all carbon-free and often underestimated. A key issue is how to store energy that can come intermittently. Sharp, the Japanese electronics company, claims to be close to a breakthrough on making the storage of solar energy more efficient. # Energy efficiency: Often overlooked, but potentially hugely powerful. The Rocky Mountain Institute in Colorado has built cars and buildings that save up to 80 per cent of energy through clever design and insulation. Combined heat and power can reduce wastage substantially and are lauded in the Government's climate change review. # Hydrogen: The great hope of the future. Hydrogen fuel cells can power cars, producing only water. Their widespread use is a long way off, however. Copyright 2006 Times Newspapers Ltd. ***************************************************************** 22 Guardian Unlimited: Nuclear reactions Impetus within the EU for a revival of atomic energy is gathering pace, writes David Gow Tuesday March 28, 2006 The overwhelming majority of EU leaders at last week's EU summit, including Tony Blair, gave strong backing to a revival of nuclear power as the answer to Europe's need to reduce its growing dependence on overseas energy supplies and to combat climate change. Only Germany and Austria explicitly rejected the nuclear option in secret summit talks, according to senior German diplomats who pointed out that Angela Merkel, the country's chancellor and a trained physicist, favoured it personally but was bound by her social democrat coalition partners to reject it. Article continues Andris Piebalgs, the EU energy commissioner and author of this month's green paper on a common energy policy, made plain in an interview that revived atomic power was not the "silver bullet" for meeting Europe's triple objectives of security of supply, sustainable development and competitiveness. "There are no silver bullets, and you cannot believe that, if you build new nuclear power stations, that will solve everything," he told Guardian Unlimited. "Countries with expertise are well-placed to replace existing plant or build new stations, but we should not say that nuclear energy will meet all three objectives cheaply and efficiently. It has huge costs and lots of complications, including the issue of waste and final storage." Mr Piebalgs, a Latvian, insisted that countries pursuing the nuclear option needed to follow the example of Finland, which is building Europe's first new nuclear plant since the Chernobyl disaster 20 years ago - a French-designed pressured-water reactor. "Finland's decision was based on a thorough analysis of the nuclear option and a political debate, including about safe final storage, so each citizen knows that he is not condemning his children to a dangerous future," he said. "The only genuine silver bullet is energy efficiency and conservation." The summit last week endorsed the notion of an EU plan to reduce energy consumption by 20% by 2020 along with a target of raising the current 6% of primary energy use provided by renewables to 20% by the same date. But Ms Merkel and other leaders rejected Mr Piebalgs's proposal for a single European energy regulator to police the market, providing the framework for investment in common gas and electricity grids that, together with new power plants, could cost 1000bn (£69bn) between now and 2030. By then, the EU will be importing 70% of its energy from abroad, mainly gas from Russia, Algeria and Norway, as North Sea reserves run out. Mr Piebalgs, who also favours the use of clean-coal and carbon-sequestration as well as biomass within each country's energy mix, insisted that dropping the single regulator was not a problem - provided the 25 national regulators acted according to common rules within the single market and encouraged networks, including pipelines and grids, to function on a cross-border basis. "It doesn't mean Brussels is taking over the networks, but accurate information is needed on both sides of the grid to encourage investment and overcome the bottlenecks or congestion which prevent the export of supplies across national borders," he said, suggesting a pan-EU supply observatory based within the commission. A few days before last week's summit, José Manuel Barroso, the commission president, failed to persuade the Russian president, Vladimir Putin, to ratify a proposed energy charter that would allow EU companies access to his country's gas pipelines and enable them to invest in upstream activities. Russia supplies one-quarter of the EU's gas. "Russia has the biggest untapped reserves of energy, and we need access to these. Russia has not ratified the charter but it hasn't rejected it, and we would like it to follow complete liberalisation in its gas sector, giving clear access to its pipes for third countries," he said. He insisted the EU, after the - exaggerated - fears raised by Russia's decision to turn off gas supplies to neighbouring Ukraine earlier this year, had won a breakthrough in persuading Mr Putin to be a reliable long-term supplier. Javier Solana, the EU foreign policy head, is to conduct further talks with Russia on this issue, but Mr Piebalgs insisted companies would negotiate on price and volume. He said: "Russia will not use gas for short-term political goals, but long-term it's different and Europe, like Russia, needs to diversify its supplies. We would like to have a lot of suppliers while Russia, whose firms such as Gazprom are entering the EU market, needs a lot of consumers." Mr Piebalgs indicated that a critical answer to Europe's long-term supply needs was to increase the market for liquefied natural gas (LNG), which could be imported from several countries. He suggested LNG should provide 20%-25% of European energy within the next 25 years. Useful link EU competition commission [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 23 NRC: NRC to Discuss 2005 Performance at Sequoyah Nuclear Power Plant News Release - Region II - 2006-00 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region II 61 Forsyth Street SW, Atlanta, GA 30303 No. II-06-008 March 28, 2006 CONTACT: Ken Clark (404) 562-4416 Roger D. Hannah (404) 562-4417 E-mail: opa2@nrc.gov The Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff is scheduled to meet with Tennessee Valley Authority officials April 5 to discuss the NRCs annual assessment of safety performance at the Sequoyah nuclear power plant, located near Soddy-Daisy, Tenn. The period covered is the calendar year 2005. The 2:00 p.m. meeting at the Sequoyah Training Center is open to public observation. Before the meeting ends, NRC staff will be available to answer public questions on the plants safety performance, as well as the agencys role in ensuring safe operation of the facility. Each year the NRC staff assesses the performance of the Sequoyah plant and all of the nations other commercial nuclear power plants, NRC Region II Administrator William Travers said. This meeting gives us a chance to discuss our assessment with the company, with local officials and with residents near the plant. Our aim is to make this information available to the public and answer any questions people may have about our oversight. The report says the Sequoyah plant operated safely during 2005. The NRC uses color-coded inspection findings and performance indicators to assess nuclear plant performance. The colors start with green and increase to white, yellow or red, commensurate with the safety significance of the issues involved. Both Sequoyah reactors received green inspection findings from the NRC during 2005, which means that all were of low safety significance. As a result, Sequoyah will receive the baseline, or normal, level of NRC inspections during 2006. A letter sent from the NRC Region II Office to plant officials addresses the performance of the plant during the period and will serve as the basis for the meeting discussion. It is available on the NRC web site at www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/LETTERS/seq_2005q4.pdf [PDF Icon] . Routine inspections are performed by NRC Resident Inspectors assigned to the plant and by inspection specialists from the Region II Office in Atlanta, and the agencys headquarters in Rockville, Md. In addition to the baseline inspections in 2006, the NRC plans inspections of Sequoyahs Independent Spent Fuel (Dry Cask) Storage Installation and inspections of Unit 2 containment building sumps and the Unit 2 reactor pressure vessel heads and head penetration nozzles. These inspections are part of the agencys review of sump clogging and vessel head penetration cracking at pressurized water reactors. Current performance information for Sequoyah Unit 1 is available on the NRCs web site at www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/SEQ1/seq1_chart.html and at www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/SEQ1/seq2_chart.html for Sequoyah Unit 2. Last revised Tuesday, March 28, 2006 ***************************************************************** 24 newsobserver.com: Utility: Nuclear good for climate March 28, 2006 Raleigh · Durham · Cary · Chapel Hill Progress reports on global warming 'We don't have many options,' CEO McGehee said. John Murawski, Staff Writer Progress Energy CEO Robert McGehee said Monday the surest way to combat global warming is by building nuclear power plants. His comments amplified a report the Raleigh utility issued Monday on how it's preparing to make electricity in an world constrained by global warming. Progress Energy issued the report in response to activist investors who are trying to encourage utilities linked to high greenhouse emissions from coal plants to use alternative energy sources. McGehee said that short of a national policy that taxes or limits the activities of the auto, chemical and utility industries, Progress Energy's best option is nuclear, a form of energy that doesn't spew air pollutants and imperil the planet's climate. The company is considering building a new reactor at its Shearon Harris site in Wake County. McGehee said the only foreseeable obstacles are flawed forecasts of customer growth or significant public opposition. "We don't have many options," he said, in a discussion with The News &Observer editors and writers. A defense of nuclear power is not exactly what the investors had hoped to hear, but the groups lauded Progress Energy for acknowledging the reality of global warming and outlining its efforts to tackle the problem. "This conclusion they need to focus on nuclear is a little premature," said Will Thomas, director of socially responsible investing for the Church of the Brethren Benefit Trust, one of the investor groups. "But other than this tendency to focus on the one solution, I think they've done a good first step." Other investors were the City of New York Comptroller's Office and Boston Common Asset Management. Among other utilities the investors pressed, three refused to issue reports, said Dan Bakal, director of electric power programs at Ceres, a Boston nonprofit that advised the Progress Energy shareholders. Nearly half the electricity produced by Progress Energy in the Carolinas comes from coal-burning power plants, which produce pollution linked to climate change. But to build new coal or natural-gas plants probably won't make sense financially or environmentally, McGehee said. Global warming is associated with rapidly melting ice caps, a corresponding rise in ocean levels, and extreme weather. "We do think that it's a real issue," McGehee said. "It may be hard to quantify, as to the extent of the impact, but man is having an impact and something needs to be done." Progress Energy officials say that solar, wind and other renewables can help at the margins, but are not feasible on a large scale today and would significantly drive up the cost of electricity. Environmentalists counter that alternative energy is cheaper than nuclear power; they want the state to require Progress Energy and Duke Power to produce or buy a portion of their power from renewable sources. Several dozen states have rules in place that obligate utilities to produce up to 30 percent of their power from alternative energy sources. The N.C. Utilities Commission is expected to hold hearings this year on these and other energy policies. Last year less than 2 percent of the electricity Progress Energy produced in the Carolinas comes from renewable energy sources such as solar panels, hydro generators and burning animal offal and other wastes. Progress Energy is hoping to add new alternative energies to its fuel mix, and is testing mixing wood chips with coal later this year at the Sutton Plant in Wilmington. In addition, the company is negotiating to generate electricity in Florida by burning e-Grass, a flammable crop that grows rampantly. The project would begin next year and generate 120 megawatts of electricity, which is about 13 percent of the capacity of the 915-megawatt Shearon Harris nuclear plant. Online: To read Progress Energy's complete report to investors on global warming, go to: www.progress-energy.com/environment/climatechange.asp. Staff writer John Murawski can be reached at 829-8932 or murawski@newsobserver.com. © Copyright 2006, The News & Observer Publishing Company A subsidiary of The McClatchy Company ***************************************************************** 25 RIA Novosti: China ready to join Russia in floating NPP construction 28/ 03/ 2006 BEIJING, March 28 (RIA Novosti) - Russia and China look set to take their already substantial energy cooperation to a new level, as a Russian official from the country's top civilian nuclear body said Tuesday that Beijing was ready to join efforts to construct floating nuclear power plants. "China has openly stated it was willing to cooperate in this field, including in terms of investment," said Vitaly Ryabov, a department head at the Federal Agency for Nuclear Power. The official's comments echo a source in a Russian delegation that visited Beijing last fall who said that China was considering extending a loan for the construction of one such unit in northern Russia. If the plans are followed through, it will be the latest chapter in Russia's dealings with its energy-hungry neighbor, following the signing of a contract to supply Beijing with 80 billion cubic meters of natural gas a year earlier this month. Russia already supplies China with Siberian crude, and an offshoot of a proposed pipeline to the Pacific Ocean could lead to a substantial increase in oil bound for the rapidly developing Asian giant. With China set to up its nuclear energy capacities dramatically by 2020, Russia's nuclear agency is showcasing the country's achievements in the field at the Nuclear Industry China 2006 exhibition, running in Beijing from March 28 through 31, which brings together producers and suppliers of equipment and technology for nuclear power plants. It is one of the events on the program of the Year of Russia in China, a series of cultural, economic and other events designed to promote bilateral ties. Ryabov said Russia regarded China as a promising partner in the sphere of peaceful nuclear energy and was conducting joint research with the country into fast breeder reactors. © 2005 RIA Novosti ***************************************************************** 26 RIA Novosti: Russian nuclear tech exporter ready to complete Slovakian NPP 28/ 03/ 2006 MOSCOW, March 28 (RIA Novosti) - Russia's main exporter of nuclear technology started presenting proposals in Slovakia Tuesday to complete the construction of the second part of a major nuclear power plant, the company said. The Atomstroiexport presentation for the Mohovce plant will last for three days and will focus on Russia's ability to finish the construction of the third and fourth power-generating units. "Slovakia is highly interested in the Russian proposals," Atomstroiexport said in a news release. According to the Russian company, new technical solutions to ensure safety at the NPP equipped with VVER-440 reactors are particularly attractive to the Slovakian side, but a spokesman said the Russian proposal was one of many Slovakia was considering. "Czech company Skoda and other European companies will compete for the project, but Atomstroiexport has reason to hope it will play a proactive part in the work," the representative said. The Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia signed an intergovernmental agreement to build the Mohovce plant, which is about 120 kilometers (75 miles) east of Bratislava, in 1980. The first power-generating unit was commissioned in 1998, and the second in 2000. However, work on the second part of the NPP was suspended in 1992, when the construction of the third and fourth units was 70% finished and the technological elements were 30% ready. European environmentalists, especially in neighboring countries, have consistently raised objections to the plant, citing concerns over its Soviet-era design and fears that the Chernobyl disaster of 1986 could be repeated. However, work will now continue where it was left off, after a decision to complete the construction was made. Last July, Atomstroiexport arranged for a Russian delegation to visit the NPP for experts to study the site, the state of equipment and technical documentation as well as to discuss Russia's possible participation in the completion of the third and fourth units. © 2005 RIA Novosti ***************************************************************** 27 Rutland Herald: Entergy Nuclear to move ahead on power boost Rutland Vermont News & Information March 28, 2006 By Herald Staff BRATTLEBORO — Entergy Nuclear said Monday that it has determined the source of the mystery sound that had halted the power boost at the Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant, and the plant is safe to move to the next power plateau. However, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission said it would need a couple of days to evaluate Entergy's studies and data before giving the go-ahead to boost power by another 5 percent. Robert Williams, spokesman for Entergy, said the source of the acoustic vibration was the force of the steam traveling across a side steam line in the plant. Williams said Jay Thayer, Entergy site vice president, had earlier compared the sound to the blowing of a flute across an open key. "After extensive evaluation of the data gathered at this plateau, our conclusion is that the plant can be safely raised to the next plateau, and we've forwarded the results to the NRC," Williams said. Williams said the company would wait for the NRC to review the information and see if the regulator had any questions. "We will now evaluate the submittal, something we expect to take several days to a week," said Neil Sheehan, spokesman for the NRC, via e-mail. After almost three years of study, Entergy received final permission from the NRC March 2, but the plant ran into immediate problems after it boosted power by 5 percent two days later. The nuclear reactor has permission to increase power production by 20 percent. ***************************************************************** 28 JOURNAL NEWS: NRC, Entergy to meet with public on Indian Point By GREG CLARY If you go There will be two public meetings today — one at 2:30 p.m. regarding Indian Point's operation in 2005, the second at 6:30 p.m. regarding a radioactive water leak at the site. Both meetings are at Crystal Bay on the Hudson at Charles Point Marina in Peekskill. The address is 5 John Walsh Blvd., Peekskill, NY 10566. For directions, visit or call 914-737-8332. (Original publication: March 28, 2006) BUCHANAN  Members of the public will get a chance today at two meetings to hear how Indian Point is operating  and what the plans are for finding and controlling a leak of radioactive water at the nuclear plants. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is hosting a 2:30 p.m. meeting to review Indian Point's 2005 operations with officials from Entergy Nuclear Northeast, the plants' owners. That meeting is open to the public, though participation is limited to a question-and-answer period, if time allows. The second meeting, which starts at 6:30 p.m., is also being run by the NRC and will open with presentations from that agency, Entergy and the state regarding leaks of tritium, strontium 90 and nickel 63. Plenty of time is planned for public comments and questions. Company and agency officials say it is likely that some of the underground contaminated water is reaching the Hudson River, though both say there is no threat to public safety. The two meetings will take place at Crystal Bay on the Hudson, a restaurant in Peekskill, less than a mile from Indian Point. At least one grass-roots anti-nuclear activist criticized the NRC for choosing a location so close to the plants and not centrally located. "We're hearing that there's tremendous interest in the meeting because people are concerned about this leak," said Darcy Casteleiro, a spokeswoman for the Indian Point Safe Energy Coalition, a group of 70 citizen, health, environmental and public-interest groups. "But it's a very hard location for many people to get to. It's not accessible to public transportation, and two weeks' advance notice is not much time." NRC spokesman Neil Sheehan said the agency has used the location for other meetings over the years and decided to use it this year after discussing other options. "We always look for a site that accommodates as many people as possible," Sheehan said. "You can never make everybody happy." Officials for Riverkeeper, an environmental group that has called for closing the nuclear plants, said they hope to hear a clear plan for cleaning up the site. "I would hope the NRC comes out and says they're committed to having Entergy stop the leak and clean up the pollution," said Philip Musegaas, a Riverkeeper policy analyst. Copyright 2006 The Journal News,. Inc. newspaper serving Westchester, Rockland and Putnam Counties in New York. Use of this site signifies your agreement to the and , updated June 7, 2005. ***************************************************************** 29 APP.COM: Ruling due on reactor hearing | Asbury Park Press Online Tuesday, March 28, 2006 Safety at issue in relicensing BY NICHOLAS CLUNN STAFF WRITER When it comes to the 103 commercial nuclear reactors in the United States, the one inside the Oyster Creek Generating Station in Lacey stands apart. Operating since 1969, Oyster Creek is the nation's oldest. And now that AmerGen Energy Co. wants permission from federal safety regulators to run Oyster Creek for an additional 20 years, the plant that can power as many as 600,000 homes may be one of the country's most controversial. Of the 27 reviews of plants that have either obtained or are now seeking renewals, only four, including the one involving Oyster Creek, have required the attention of the highest officials at the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The five presidentially appointed commissioners will soon rule on whether to uphold a decision by three judges at the NRC. Last month, the judges, who represent the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board, granted plant activists a public hearing on a key safety issue. Board judges have only granted one other hearing requested during a license renewal proceeding, but the hearing never happened because the commissioners in 2002 overruled the judges. They rejected the hearing because the contentions raised were not germane to the renewal review, which focuses solely on environmental and aging issues. The hearing would have allowed a nuclear power industry watchdog, the Nuclear Information and Resource Service in Washington, and a local activist group to challenge a renewal that was eventually obtained by two plants in the Carolinas. In the granting of hearings on Oyster Creek and the Carolina plants — McGuire and Catawba — the presence of local plant critics was key, said Paul Gunter of NIRS, the watchdog group. "To get into the proceeding, you not only have to have a dispute, but you also have to have a party involved that can be affected directly," he said. "If we didn't have any people in the area, it would be impossible." NIRS is also one of the groups that petitioned for a hearing on Oyster Creek. Other activist organizations behind the contention are Jersey Shore Nuclear Watch; Grandmothers, Mothers and More for Energy Safety; the New Jersey Public Interest Research Group; the New Jersey Environmental Federation; and the Sierra Club. In their contention, the activists said AmerGen's aging-management plan for a section of a radiation barrier, called the drywell liner, is inadequate because it failed to include a schedule for operators to measure the liner's thickness. The liner is a 100-foot-tall steel vessel shaped like an inverted light bulb. Inside the bulb is the reactor vessel, a container in which atoms are split to make heat. In the event of an accident, the liner is designed to keep dangerously radioactive and highly pressurized steam and gas from entering the environment. Activists have been concerned about the liner's thickness because plant operators found about 20 years ago that some of the metal had rusted away. The corrosion, resembling scum in a dirty bathtub, occurred all around the liner's lower portion. While operators arrested the rusting with an epoxy coating in 1993, the thickness of the corroded areas has not been measured since 1996. The activists want the drywell measured regularly, especially before the NRC decides on relicensing. AmerGen has agreed to perform a measurement prior to 2009, but not necessarily before the NRC's renewal decision. The company also has told the NRC that it will measure the liner once every 10 years after the upcoming inspection, which could happen this year or in 2008. Nicholas Clunn: (609) 978-4597 or nclunn@app.com Copyright © 2006 Asbury Park Press. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 30 NRC: NRC to Discuss 2005 Performance at Watts Bar Nuclear Power Plant News Release - Region II - 2006-00 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region II 61 Forsyth Street SW, Atlanta, GA 30303 No. II-06-009 Maarch 28, 2006 CONTACT: Ken Clark (404) 562-4416 Roger D. Hannah (404) 562-4417 E-mail: opa2@nrc.gov with Tennessee Valley Authority officials April 4 to discuss the NRCs annual assessment of safety performance at the Watts Bar nuclear power plant, located near Spring City, Tenn. The period covered is the calendar year 2005. The 3:00 p.m. meeting at the Watts Bar Training Center near the plant is open to public observation. Before the meeting ends, NRC staff will be available to answer public questions on the plants safety performance, as well as the agencys role in ensuring safe operation of the facility. Each year the NRC staff rates the performance of the Watts Bar plant and all of the nations other commercial nuclear power plants, NRC Region II Administrator William Travers said. This meeting gives us a chance to discuss our assessment with the company, with local officials and with residents near the plant. Our aim is to make this information available to the public and answer any questions people may have about our oversight. The NRC report says the Watts Bar plant operated safely during 2005. The NRC uses color-coded inspection findings and performance indicators to assess performance. The colors start with green and increase to white, yellow or red, commensurate with the safety significance of the issues involved. The report said TVAs investigation and corrective actions for a white finding having to do with cooling water silt problems during the last quarter of 2004 was thorough and appropriate. It also said cross-cutting issues raised in mid 2005 in the area of human performance due to failure to implement procedures during operations and refueling outage preparations, have been corrected. Based on the plants performance during 2005, the NRC said Watts Bar will receive the baseline, or normal, level of inspections during 2006. The NRC also plans to conduct non-routine inspections of the plants steam generator replacement project, of planned upgrades to the containment building sump, and inspections of the storage and preservation of Unit 2, which has never been licensed to operate. A letter sent from the NRC Region II Office to plant officials addresses the performance of the plant during the period and will serve as the basis for the meeting discussion. It is available on the NRC web site at www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/LETTERS/wb_2005q4.pdf [PDF Icon] . Routine inspections are performed by NRC Resident Inspectors assigned to the plant and by specialists from the Region II Office in Atlanta, and the agencys headquarters in Rockville, Md. Current information for the Watts Bar plant is available on the NRC web site at: www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/WB1/wb1_chart.html. Last revised Tuesday, March 28, 2006 ***************************************************************** 31 CourierPost: Radioactive pile causes a stir in Newfield - South Jersey's Web Site Tuesday, March 28, 2006 By MEG HUELSMAN Gannett New Jersey NEWFIELD Mayor Rick Westergaard has teamed with Vineland Mayor Perry Barse to fight a borough firm's plan to seal a 35-foot pile of radioactive dust and rock for 1,000 years. "We have passed a resolution saying that we want the waste removed from the site and cleaned up properly," Westergaard said. "We do not want the waste to stay in our town." Shield-alloy Metallurgical Corp. wants to place a permanent cap on the 76,000 cubic yards of low-grade radioactive material at its West Boulevard site rather than move the slag to a disposal facility. Company officials say the capped slag pile will not endanger residents. They also say the cost of moving the slag could be as high as $50 million. But local officials and residents want the waste moved so the 67 1/2-acre site can be redeveloped. The state Department of Environmental Protection also is pushing the corporation to remove the slag. "We believe that allowing this waste to remain in Newfield will pose an undue burden on the community and should not be allowed," Acting Environmental Commissioner Lisa Jackson wrote to Sen. Robert Menendez, D-Hoboken, in February. "The radioactive waste at the facility has been accumulating for over forty years." Menendez, Gov. Jon S. Corzine and state Sen. Fred H. Madden, D-Washington Township, have expressed concerns about the containment plan. Dave Smith, environmental manager for Shield-alloy, said moving the slag to allow the property's reuse would be "the best solution." But he said the $50 million price tag "would put the company in dire straits. I'm not sure if it could withstand that type of cost." The firm, which maintains there is no direct health threat from the site, is working with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to create a long-term plan that would cover the pile with soil, then seal the slag in a 27-foot-high dome. Under the plan, the mound would be fenced in, seeded with grass and sit untouched for 1,000 years while the material decomposes. The NRC rejected Shield-alloy's proposal in January for several reasons, including failure to provide adequate financial assurance. The company proposed spending $750,000 to seal the slag and creating a $5 million trust fund to maintain the site for 1,000 years. The radioactive material is dumped in the rear of the property. If someone sat on the pile all day, every day for an entire year, 100 microrems of radiation would be emitted. In comparison, Colorado residents are exposed to 350 microrems of radiation each year because the elevation places them closer to the sun and western rocks are slightly radioactive naturally, Smith said. The radioactive slag pile has not grown since 2000, when Shield-alloy ceased production that used raw ore, the pile's source material. The company submitted its first decommissioning plan in August 2002, and it was rejected the next year. A revised plan was filed in October 2005 and denied Jan. 26. "We have not accepted a decommissioning plan," NRC Project Manager Ken Kalman said. "We try to work with state agencies, but in a case like this, which is very complex, we may differ." Shield-alloy was classified as a Superfund site in 1983 for contaminated soil and groundwater. Hexavalent chromium, a toxic metal, permeated the groundwater, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency listed the site as a national priority in 1984. To remedy the groundwater contamination, DEP called for a pump-and-treat solution, which draws water through a filtration system and then releases the clean water back into the ground. That plan is projected to take another 60 to 70 years. To speed the process, Shield-alloy hired a new contractor, TRC Environmental Corp., to help clean up the groundwater using new technology. TRC's plan will eliminate the area's groundwater pollution within the next five to seven years, Smith said. Copyright 2006 CourierPostOnline.com. All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 32 CourierPostOnline: Slag pile details outlined South Jersey's Web Site Tuesday, March 28, 2006 Question: How much material is on the site? Answer: There are 76,000 cubic yards of radioactive slag, a heavy, solid material. Q: What materials are in the radioactive slag pile? A: Uranium and thorium. Q: Why was the pile created? A: The pile consists of waste materials from raw ore used in the creation of aluminum alloys. The material is not manufactured radiological waste, but slightly radioactive rock that occurs in nature and is considered unusable by steel manufacturers. Q: When did the pile start? A: The pile began in the early- to mid-1950s and continued to grow until operations ceased in 2000. Q: Is any person or the water supply in danger? A: No. The DEP is addressing groundwater contamination. A pump-and-treat filtration system has been installed. The radioactive slag does not pose a threat to residents, company officials say. Q: What are the possible solutions? A: The waste can be removed, but it will cost an estimated $50 million. Alternatively, a cap would help reduce exposure to the material. Q: What's next? A: Shieldalloy officials will meet with Nuclear Regulatory Commission to revise its proposal. Copyright 2006 CourierPostOnline.com. All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 33 Xinhua: Argentine-built nuclear reactor to start operation in Sydney www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2006-03-28 10:30:07 BUENOS AIRES, March 27 (Xinhua) -- The 180-million-dollar nuclear reactor built by a team of technicians from the Argentine firm INVAP will start operation in Sydney next week, and be at full capacity in the second half of this year, INVAP officials said on Monday. The Australian reactor is the biggest high-tech export in Argentine history, according to INVAP's chief, Hector Otegui. The formal inauguration of the Australian reactor would be held later this year, said Otegui, adding that Argentine President Nestor Kirchner would attend the ceremony, the first Argentine head of state to visit Australia. INVAP is a conglomerate that builds electronic equipment, energy systems (including wind turbines), and food preservation systems. INVAP won the bid in April 2002 to build the facility, which is the largest single investment in the history of Australian science. The reactor, built at Australia's only nuclear facility in Sydney, is to replace an aging plant that produces radioisotopes used in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. Enditem Editor: Lin Li Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 34 Toronto Star: Give nuclear plan full environmental assessment Tue. Mar. 28, 2006. | Updated at 04:39 AM High noon for Canada's CANDU Nobody can seriously question that CANDU nuclear reactor technology has been a disaster in Ontario because of its high cost and technical breakdowns. In 1997, 8 of 20 reactors were forced to shut down because of performance and safety problems. We know the existing CANDU reactor design has proven to be a lemon. And anybody who thinks that Ontario should invest in Atomic Energy of Canada Limited's new untested reactor design should have a saliva test. So is the answer a shift to American-style light water reactors? Both CANDU and American-style reactors can have catastrophic accidents. Passively safe reactors have yet to be designed or demonstrated and a meltdown in Southern Ontario could devastate Canada's heartland. Your article characterizes the debate about nuclear power as a choice between Canadian CANDU technology and American-style light water reactors. In fact, the real choice is between nuclear power and the green energy technologies that are cheaper, cleaner, safer and more reliable. A serious commitment to conservation and renewable energy would allow Ontario to phase out both coal and nuclear power. So far the Dalton McGuinty government has given us a plan that repeats the mistakes of the past by relying on nuclear power and gives lip service to green energy. Even worse, the government has not allowed any meaningful forum for public debate or consultation. The McGuinty nuclear plan should be subjected to a full environmental assessment. Nothing less is acceptable for this $80 billion plan that will affect our future for generations to come. Copyright Toronto Star ***************************************************************** 35 NRC: Notice of Issuance of Amendment to Materials License SNM-2509; FR Doc E6-4445 [Federal Register: March 28, 2006 (Volume 71, Number 59)] [Notices] [Page 15478-15479] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr28mr06-91] Portland General Electric Company; Trojan Nuclear Plant AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Notice of issuance of license amendment. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jill S. Caverly, Project Manager, Spent Fuel Project Office, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555. Telephone: (301) 415-8500; Fax number: (301) 415-8555; E-mail: . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC or the Commission) has issued Amendment No. 6 to Special Nuclear Materials License SNM-2509 held by Portland General Electric Company (PGE) for the receipt, possession, transfer, and storage of spent fuel at the Trojan Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI), located in Columbia County, Oregon. The amendment is effective as of the date of issuance. By application dated May 23, 2005, PGE requested to amend the Trojan ISFSI license (SNM-2509) to revise the methodology applied in the Final Safety Analysis Report. The application requested NRC's review and approval of revised methodology used to determine the controlled area boundary for the Trojan ISFSI and reduce the controlled area from 300 meters from the edge of the pad to 200 meters from the edge of the pad. This amendment complies with the standards and requirements of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (the Act), and the Commission's rules and regulations. The Commission has made appropriate findings as required by the Act and the Commission's rules and regulations in 10 CFR Chapter I, which are set forth in the license amendment. In accordance with 10 CFR 72.46(b)(2), a determination has been made that the amendment does not present a genuine issue as to whether public health and safety will be significantly affected. Therefore, the [[Page 15479]] publication of a notice of proposed action and an opportunity for hearing or a notice of hearing is not warranted. Notice is hereby given of the right of interested persons to request a hearing on whether the action should be rescinded or modified. Also in connection with this action, the Commission performed an Environmental Assessment and determined that a Finding of No Significant Impact was appropriate for this action. Further Information: The NRC has prepared a Safety Evaluation Report (SER) that documents the information that was reviewed and NRC's conclusion. In accordance with 10 CFR 2.390 of NRC's ``Rules of Practice,'' final NRC records and documents regarding this proposed action including the amendment request dated May 23, 2005, and the SER are publically available in the records component of NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS). These documents may be inspected at NRC's Public Electronic Reading Room on the Internet at . These documents may also be viewed electronically on the public computers, located at the NRC Public Document Room (PDR), O1F21, One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852. The PDR reproduction contractor will copy documents for a fee. Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC PDR Reference staff by telephone at 1-800-397-4209 or (301) 415-4737, or by e-mail to . Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 17th day of March 2006. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Jill S. Caverly, Project Manager, Licensing Section, Spent Fuel Project Office, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards. [FR Doc. E6-4445 Filed 3-27-06; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 36 NRC: NRC to Discuss 2005 Performance Assessment for LaSalle Nuclear Power Plant News Release - Region III - 2006-01 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region III 801 Warrenville Road, Lisle IL 60532 No. III-06-012 March 28, 2006 CONTACT: Jan Strasma (630) 829-9663 Viktoria Mitlyng (630) 829-9662 E-mail: opa3@nrc.gov representatives of Exelon Generation Co. on Thursday, April 6, to discuss the agencys assessment of safety performance for last year at the LaSalle Nuclear Power Plant. The plant is located at Seneca, Ill. The meeting, which is open to the public, is scheduled to begin at 3 p.m. at the Brookfield Township Hall, 2099 E. 27th Road, in Seneca. The NRC will respond to questions or comments before the close of the meeting The NRC continually reviews the performance of the LaSalle plant and the nations other commercial nuclear power facilities, NRC Region III Administrator James Caldwell said. This meeting will provide an opportunity for a discussion of our annual assessment of safety performance with the company and with local officials and residents who live near the plant. Our goal is to explain the NRC oversight process and make as much information as possible available to the public regarding our regulation of these facilities. A letter sent from the NRC Region III Office to plant officials addresses the performance of the plant during the period and will serve as the basis for the meeting discussion. It is available on the NRC web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/LETTERS/lasa_2005q4.pdf [PDF Icon] . The NRCs assessment concluded that the LaSalle plant operated safely during the period. The NRC uses color-coded inspection findings and performance indicators to assess nuclear plant performance. The colors start with green and then increase to white, yellow or red, commensurate with the safety significance of the issues involved. All of the inspection findings and performance indicators for LaSalle during 2005 were determined to be green. As a result of this performance, the NRC will conduct the normal, baseline level of inspections during the upcoming year. Routine inspections are performed by two NRC Resident Inspectors assigned to the plant and by inspection specialists from the Region III Office in Lisle, Ill., and the agencys headquarters in Rockville, Md. Among the areas of plant operations to be inspected this year by NRC specialists are emergency preparedness, monitoring of gaseous and liquid effluents, and radioactive material processing and transportation. Current performance information for LaSalle is available on the NRCs web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/LASA1/lasa1_chart.html and http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/LASA2/lasa2_chart.html. Last revised Tuesday, March 28, 2006 ***************************************************************** 37 Newsday: Activists say accidents are not the only risk of nuclear plants Mar 28, 2006 By GEOFF MULVIHILL Associated Press Writer TRENTON, N.J. -- Despite questions about its validity, a new study on childhood cancer rates in the areas around nuclear power facilities is fueling opponents of a bid to extend the license of the aging Oyster Creek plant. In an article published last week in the peer-reviewed International Journal of Health Services, a researcher claims to have found a correlation between radiation in the areas surrounding nuclear power plants and childhood cancer rates. The company that runs Oyster Creek says the study is flawed. The contention, which the study's author said should be verified by other researchers, was the focus of a Statehouse news conference held Tuesday by opponents of the bid by Oyster Creek's owner to keep the plant open for 20 more years after the plant's present license expires in 2009. Suzanne Leta, who works on energy issues for the New Jersey Public Interest Research Group, said the study is important because it suggests that nuclear power plants are a danger not only because of the effects of large amounts of radiation that might leak out during an accident, but also because of potentially harmful effects of low levels of regularly emitted radiation. "You've got to be preventative," Leta said. The study, which looked at the areas around Oyster Creek and also the Indian Point plant and the Brookhaven National Laboratories in New York, found that cancer rates in children under 10 seemed to closely mirror the level of radiation found in baby teeth five years earlier. Five years after the radiation levels rose in the late 1980s, for example, the cancer rate in children under 10 also increased. Radiation samples were taken from baby teeth collected by researchers and tested for Strontium-90, a radioactive chemical. The chemical itself is linked to health risks, but it's useful to researchers because, unlike some radioactive byproducts, it is relatively easy to trace. Oyster Creek, which is owned by Chicago-based Exelon, opened in 1969 and is the oldest operating commercial nuclear plant in the United States. Joe Mangano, the national coordinator of the Norristown, Pa.-based Radiation and Public Health Project and the study's author, said further studies should be done to verify his findings. He said the information should be considered by the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board as it considers renewing the license for Oyster Creek. Exelon spokesman Pete Resler said Mangano's study had problems. "Mr. Mangano's work has been around for about 30 years attempting to link Strontium-90 to childhood cancer," Resler said. "Ever since the beginning, it has been fully refuted by mainstream science." In fact, in 2004, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection questioned some of Mangano's findings about Strontium levels and found that nearly all Strontium in the environment came from Cold War-era aboveground nuclear weapons tests rather than nuclear power plants. Phillip Patton, an associate professor of health physics at the University of Nevada-Las Vegas, said that the data for the study appeared to be accurate. But he said some of the data may not be statistically significant and that it may be a leap to use it to argue against nuclear power plants. He said that cancer rates could be even higher around coal plants, for example. Privacy Policy. Copyright 2006 Newsday Inc. ***************************************************************** 38 SouthAfrica.info: SA's 'small, safe' nuclear power - Charlie Schimdt 28 March 2006 Climate change is just one of the problems linked to carbon-based fuels that have sparked a renewed interest in nuclear power. While stakeholders debate the merits of this approach, the nuclear industry and its supporters are exploring next-generation reactors that might be safer and less expensive than the ones used today. The pebble bed modular reactor (PBMR), which is based on a decades-old German design, ranks among the top contenders. PBMR's supporters describe the technology as inherently safe and appropriate not just for rich, industrialised countries but also for developing nations. "The beauty of the pebble bed reactor is that you don't need an MIT PhD to run it," muses Andrew Kadak, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's department of nuclear science and engineering. "That means you can use it even in countries that don't have the degree of history or background in nuclear technology that we have in Western Europe or here." PBMR proponents point to another advantage: each reactor module generates about 170 megawatts of electrical power (MWe), far less than the 1 000 MWe produced by a standard light water reactor. PBMR can thus be scaled according to need: several modules can be connected in tandem to power a city, and one could supply the needs of a smaller town. Conceivably, the reactors could supply small, remote villages far from an urban electricity grid. South Africa, which seeks a global role in next-generation nuclear technology, now leads PBMR's commercial development. The country expects to complete construction on a demonstration plant near Cape Town, a city of 3-million people, by 2010. What's more, the South African firm PBMR Pty, which is constructing the plant, ultimately hopes to build 30 pebble bed reactors throughout the country, says Jaco Kriek, the company's CEO. PBMR Pty is actively trying to license its technology in the US, and Westinghouse Electrical Co, owner of half the world's nuclear power plants, recently purchased a major stake in the company. PBMR Pty also recently signed a memorandum of understanding with Chinergy, a Chinese company that plans to build its own demonstration plant near Beijing. China currently has the world's only operational PBMR plant - an experimental research model in Beijing housed at Tsinghua University. According to Kadak, who is collaborating on PBMR development with the scientists at Tsinghua University, China's long-term goals are to build PBMR plants throughout the country's interior. "The size is right for their needs," he explains. How does it work? The pebble bed design was first conceived in the 1950s by Rudolf Schulten, a physicist in Germany. Hoping to create a safer nuclear reactor, Schulten came up with a novel idea: he would pack tiny particles of uranium into thousands of graphite spheres, each about the size of a tennis ball. The radioactive balls, which he called pebbles, could be cooled by helium gas, which would power a turbine as it flowed out of the reactor vessel. The uranium itself is sequestered at low density within the pebbles and shielded by their graphite casings. This ensures that the uranium can never get hot enough to melt, and the catastrophe of a nuclear meltdown can be avoided. [Diagram of the pebble fuel used in the pebble bed modular reactor] The idea took hold and, in the mid-1960s, scientists in Germany built a prototype pebble bed reactor that ran successfully for 21 years. A much larger, commercial-scale unit went online in the 1980s, but it was hobbled by design flaws and a growing environmental movement that shut down Germany's nuclear power industry altogether. But even as PBMR technology was fading in Germany, it was re-emerging in South Africa, where industry and government officials thought its size and scalability were well suited for domestic power needs. Eskom, the largest South African utility company, bought rights to the PBMR design in 1993 and helped create PBMR Pty to advance the technology. Now, at its R facility at Pelindaba, near the capital city Pretoria, PBMR Pty builds on the German design. The facility creates the reactor's pebbles by coating uranium dioxide fuel particles with alternating layers of carbon and silicon. The coated particles are pressed into mixtures of graphite powder and phenolic resin, which are machined into the characteristic spheres, each containing only about nine grams of uranium. When operational, the reactor is designed to drop fresh pebbles into its core while used pebbles are extracted from below. After every cycle of the reactor, each pebble's residual fuel level will be measured electronically. PBMR officials predict that each of the 456 000 pebbles in a typical reactor will pass through the core six times over a period of three years. The helium gas used to cool the core will get extremely hot - about 900°C, which is nearly three times the temperature produced in a typical light water reactor. This intense heat makes the reactor more efficient in terms of fuel-to-energy conversion, Kadak says. However, he adds that numerous design features ensure that the reactor never reaches the minimum of 3 000°C required to melt the core and unleash an environmental disaster. For example, even if a failure occurs during operations, Kadak says, the reactor will come to a standstill and dissipate heat on a decreasing curve, without releasing radioactivity. Moreover, he adds that the helium cooling system and pebble design generate less nuclear waste than that produced by the light water reactors currently in use. A five-reactor PBMR generates nearly 1 000 MWe of power and five to six tons of depleted uranium per year, which is comparable to the output of a single light water reactor. Environmentalists' challenge Environmentalists aren't convinced, however. In January 2005, Earthlife Africa, an environmental group, convinced the Cape Town high court to rescind approval of the proposed plant, citing omissions in PBMR Pty's environmental impact statement. "This is a demonstration plant, and no one knows if it's even going to work," says Olivia Andrews, a campaign coordinator with Earthlife Africa in Cape Town. "The company is using us as guinea pigs." Andrews, who acknowledges that the group opposes all forms of nuclear power, claims PBMR Pty withheld information about higher-than-projected costs for the project. "PBMR is financially risky, and the company's feasibility studies are overly optimistic," she says. Kriek acknowledges that in its early stages, PBMR won't compete cost-effectively with coal, but he suggests that economies of scale and engineering improvements will produce savings in the long term. "You have to understand the upfront costs for the technology are very large; we have over 50 PhDs in this company." He adds that a fresh public hearing process was launched in November 2005 and that the company plans to resubmit its environmental impact statement with additional disclosures as soon as possible. The global outlook During the next 25 years, PBMR Pty plans to export as many as 75 reactors in developed and developing markets, including other countries in Europe and Africa. Kadak anticipates that nuclear proliferation risks from global PBMR use could be controlled by the International Atomic Energy Agency through an a certification and oversight system to monitor operation and fuel handling. Used pebbles also constitute a poor source of material for nuclear terrorism, Kadak adds. The pebbles contain so little uranium - just nine grams each - that tens of thousands would be required to make a bomb. He emphasises that this is a detectable number. "The grand vision is to create a global training centre for PBMR operations that would coordinate fuel supplies and waste disposal and also address problems related to infrastructure shortages," Kadak says. Meanwhile, US officials with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) are negotiating with PBMR Pty in efforts to certify the technology in the US. Some hope exists that the PBMR technology could become one of the Generation IV nuclear technologies that Bush administration officials in the US Department of Energy are trying to promote. The technologies are being sold as safe, economical, proliferation-resistant, and ready for prime time in the next 15 to 20 years. NRC spokesperson Scott Burnell describes the PBMR's safety record as "interesting on a small scale." Although avoiding comment on how PBMR might fare as a Generation IV candidate, he concedes that NRC is closely watching its evolution in South Africa. But Kadak insists that PBMR is the best Generation IV candidate, not just because its modularity promotes siting flexibility; he says that the high temperatures at which it operates are well suited for electrolysis reactions that split hydrogen gas from water. Thus, he argues that PBMR could play a key role in fostering an emissions-free hydrogen economy, which many see as the ultimate solution to global warming. Nevertheless, PBMR - like all nuclear technology - still faces nuclear-waste questions and worries over terrorism. The extent to which these concerns derail nuclear power and relegate its historical peak to the latter half of the 20th century remains to be seen. Charlie Schimdt is a US-based freelance science and technology writer. He was recently in South Africa as a guest of the International Marketing Council of South Africa. The pebble bed modular reactor system (Image: PBMR Ltd) Each pebble of fuel contains only nine grams of uranium and is roughly the size of a tennis ball (Image: PBMR Ltd) ***************************************************************** 39 NRC: NRC Begins Special Inspection at Texas A University’s Research Reactor News Release - 2006- NRC NEWS U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs Telephone: 301/415-8200 Washington, DC 20555-0001 E-mail: opa@nrc.gov www.nrc.gov No. 06-042 March 28, 2006 The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has begun a special inspection at Texas A&M Universitys Nuclear Science Center Research Reactor, following a reported potential radiation overexposure of one of its workers. The university reported the potential overexposure on March 15 (event report # 42424 at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/event-status/event/ 2006/20060316en.html) indicating that an employee involved in neutron activation analysis work at the Texas A&M Nuclear Science Center potentially received 76 rem to the right hand during the month of January. The annual radiological exposure limit for extremities is 50 rem. The licensee stated that there were no increased radiation levels around the reactor, nor were there any unusual processes that could have caused an unanticipated increase in radiation levels and, therefore, the licensee had not considered the indicated dose reading accurate. According to the licensee, the individual also potentially received 38 rem to the same hand during the month of February. Once this second potential high exposure was found, the licensee reported the potential overexposure. The licensee's investigation is ongoing. On March 20, an NRC inspector responded to the research facility and will stay on to lead the special inspection. The inspectors will seek to understand the circumstances surrounding the event and its probable causes, including conditions preceding the event, chronology, equipment performance, precursors, human factors considerations, quality assurance considerations, and radiological considerations. A written report of the special inspection will be issued about 45 days following the completion of the inspection. It will be available on the NRC website. Texas A&Ms research reactor was licensed to operate in 1961 by NRCs predecessor, the Atomic Energy Commission. Last revised Tuesday, March 28, 2006 ***************************************************************** 40 WFSB: DEP concludes radiation in goat milk wasn't from Millstone HARTFORD, Conn. -- The state Department of Environmental Protection said Tuesday that radioactive material found in two samples of goat milk did not come from Millstone Power Station in Waterford. At Gov. M. Jodi Rell's request, the agency reviewed thousand of environmental samples taken near the Millstone nuclear facility over the past 35 years. It found levels of radiation similar to those found around the world because of radioactive fallout from weapons testing and the Chernobyl incident, according to the report. DEP said two samples of milk taken from a goat in 2001 had slightly higher levels of radiation than thousands of other samples of vegetation, soil, cow and goat milk taken near the plant. But the agency said the radioactive material in the milk did not share the characteristics of materials that would have been produced by Millstone. DEP also said the levels were within acceptable limits established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the International Atomic Energy Agency. The citizens group Connecticut Coalition Against Millstone has raised questions about the goat milk samples, carting a goat around the state to make its point. A message seeking comment was left with the group's president. The goat lives about five miles from Millstone on a farm in Waterford. "While we appreciate the concerns some people may have about Millstone, we do not believe the two isolated samples of goat milk, or any of the other samples reviewed by my staff for that matter, indicate any unsafe activity by the plant," said DEP Commissioner Gina McCarthy. Copyright 2006 Associated Press. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 41 NRC: Sunshine Act; Notice of Meetings FR Doc 06-3031 [Federal Register: March 28, 2006 (Volume 71, Number 59)] [Notices] [Page 15479] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr28mr06-92] Agency Holding the Meetings: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Dates: Weeks of March 27, April 3, 10, 17, 24, May 1, 2006. Place: Commissioners' Conference Room, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland. Status: Public and closed. Matters to be Considered: Week of March 27, 2006 There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of March 27, 2006. Week of April 3, 2006--Tentative Monday, April 3, 2006 3:55 p.m.--Affirmation Session (Public Meeting) (Tentative). a. USEC, Inc. (American Centrifuge Plant); Geoffrey Sea appeal of LBP-05-28 (Tentative). b. USEC, Inc. (American Centrifuge Plan)--Appeal of LBP-05-28 by Portsmouth/Piketon Residents for Environmental Safety and Security (PRESS) (Tentative). c. Hydro Resources, Inc.--Petition for Review of Partial Initial Decision on Phase II Cultural Resource Challengers (Tentative). Week of April 10, 2006--Tentative There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of April 10, 2006. Week of April 17, 2006--Tentative There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of April 17, 2006. Week of April 24, 2006--Tentative There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of April 24, 2006. Monday, April 24, 2006 2 p.m.--Meeting with Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), FERC Headquarters, 888 First St., NE., Washington, DC 20426, Room 2C (Public Meeting). Wednesday, April 26, 2006 1 p.m.--Discussion of Management Issues (closed--ex. 2). Thursday, April 27, 2006 1:30 p.m.--Meeting with Department of Energy (DOE) on New Reactor Issues (Public Meeting). This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address http://www.nrc.gov . Week of May 1, 2006--Tentative Tuesday, May 2, 2006 9:30 a.m.--Briefing on Status of Emergency Planning Activities--Morning Session (Public Meeting) (Contact: Eric Leeds, 301-415-2334). 1 p.m.--Briefing on Status of Emergency Planning Activities--Afternoon Session (Public Meeting). This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address http://www.nrc.gov . Wednesday, May 3, 2006 9 a.m.--Briefing on Status of Risk-Informed, Performance-Based Regulation (Public Meeting) (Contact: Eileen McKenna, 301-415-2189). This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address http://www.nrc.gov . * * * * * *The schedule for Commission meetings is subject to change on short notice. To verify the status of meetings call (recording)--(301) 415- 1292. Contact person for more information: Michelle Schroll, (301) 415- 1662. * * * * * The NRC Commission Meeting Schedule can be found on the Internet at: http://www.nrc.gov/what-we-do/policy-making/schedule.html. * * * * * The NRC provides reasonable accommodation to individuals with disabilities where appropriate. If you need a reasonable accommodation to participate in these public meetings, or need this meeting notice or the transcript or other information from the public meetings in another format (e.g., braille, large print), please notify the NRC's Disability Program Coordinator, Deborah Chan, at 301-415-7041, TDD: 301-415-2100, or by e-mail at DLC@nrc.gov. Determinations on requests for reasonable accommodation will be made on a case-by-case basis. * * * * * This notice is distributed by mail to several hundred subscribers; if you no longer wish to receive it, or would like to be added to the distribution, please contact the Office of the Secretary, Washington, DC 20555 (301-415-1969). In addition, distribution of this meeting notice over the Internet system is available. If you are interested in receiving this Commission meeting schedule electronically, please send an electronic message to dkw@nrc.gov. Dated: March 23, 2006. R. Michelle Schroll, Office of the Secretary. [FR Doc. 06-3031 Filed 3-24-06; 1:15 pm] BILLING CODE 7590-01-M ***************************************************************** 42 Today's GAO Reports - March 28, 2006 Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 16:07:03 -0500 The Government Accountability Office (GAO) today released the following reports, correspondences and testimonies: Reports 1. Combating Nuclear Smuggling: Corruption, Maintenance, and Coordination Problems Challenge U.S. Efforts to Provide Radiation Detection Equipment to Other Countries. GAO-06-311, March 14. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-311 Highlights - http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d06311high.pdf 2. Combating Nuclear Smuggling: DHS Has Made Progress Deploying Radiation Detection Equipment at U.S. Ports-of-Entry, but Concerns Remain. GAO-06-389, March 22. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-389 Highlights - http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d06389high.pdf 3. Offshoring in Six Human Service Programs: Offshoring Occurs in Most States, Primarily in Customer Service and Software Development. GAO-06-342, March 28. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-342 Highlights - http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d06342high.pdf 4. International Remittances: Different Estimation Methodologies Produce Different Results. GAO-06-210, March 28. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-210 Highlights - http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d06210high.pdf Correspondences 1. Border Security: Investigators Successfully Transported Radioactive Sources Across Our Nation's Borders at Selected Locations. GAO-06-545R, March 28. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-545R 2. Hurricane Katrina: Status of the Health Care System in New Orleans and Difficult Decisions Related to Efforts to Rebuild It Approximately 6 Months After Hurricane Katrina. GAO-06-576R, March 28. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-576R Testimonies 1. Combating Nuclear Smuggling: Challenges Facing U.S. Efforts to Deploy Radiation Detection Equipment in Other Countries and in the United States, by Gene E. Aloise, director, natural resources and environment, before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. GAO-06-558T, March 28. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-558T Highlights - http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d06558thigh.pdf 2. Border Security: Investigators Transported Radioactive Sources Across Our Nation's Borders at Two Locations, by Gregory D. Kutz, managing director, forensic audits and special investigations, before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. GAO-06-583T, March 28. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-583T Highlights - http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d06583thigh.pdf 3. Federal Aviation Administration: An Analysis of the Financial Viability of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, by Gerald L. Dillingham, director, physical infrastructure, before the Subcommittee on Aviation, Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. GAO-06-562T, March 28. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-562T Highlights - http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d06562thigh.pdf 4. Homeland Security: Better Management Practices Could Enhance DHS's Ability to Allocate Investigative Resources, by Richard M. Stana, director, homeland security and justice, before the Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International Relations, House Committee on Government Reform. GAO-06-462T, March 28. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-462T Highlights - http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d06462thigh.pdf These and other GAO products are available from the "Reports and Testimony" section of GAO's Internet site, http://www.gao.gov. Subscribe to this or other E-mail updates about GAO products at the "Subscribe to Updates" section of http://www.gao.gov. Remove yourself from this mailing list by sending an E-mail message to: listserv@listserv.gao.gov with the message: unsubscribe daybook in the message body. Order printed copies of any of these items from GAO: 202-512-6000 (voice) 202-512-2537 (TDD) 202-512-6061 (fax) Members of the press may request copies from the Office of Public Affairs, 202-512-4800. =========================================================== This list is produced by the Government Accountability Office to provide daily information about GAO Reports and Testimony. Access GAO on the web at http://www.gao.gov ***************************************************************** 43 Guardian Unlimited: Radioactive Matter Gets Into U.S. in Test From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 28, 2006 8:46 AM By LIZ SIDOTI Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) - Installing radiation detectors at U.S. entry points is taking too long and costing too much, says a congressional watchdog agency whose undercover investigators breached security by slipping nuclear material into the United States. In a test last year, the small amounts of cesium-137, which is used in industrial gauges, triggered radiation alarms in Texas and Washington state. The material was enough to make two small ``dirty bombs,'' officials said, yet U.S. customs agents permitted the investigators to enter the United States because they were tricked with counterfeit documents. The Bush administration says that within 45 days it will give U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents the tools they need to verify such documents in the future. Senators were to grill administration officials on security problems identified during the Government Accounting Office's undercover operation during a Senate Homeland Security subcommittee hearing Tuesday. In a series of reports, the GAO, which is the investigative arm of Congress, found that the Homeland Security Department's goal of installing 3,034 radiation detectors by September 2009 across the United States - at border crossings, seaports, airports and mail facilities - was ``unlikely.'' Investigators also said the government probably will spend $342 million more than it expects to complete the job, given its current costs and pace. Between October 2000 and October 2005, they said, the government spent about $286 million installing radiation monitors inside the United States. ``We suffer from a massive 'blind spot' in our cargo security measures,'' Sen. Norm Coleman, R-Minn., said in a statement. Coleman also said the GAO's border security investigation ``demonstrated that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission is stuck in a pre-9/11 mind-set in a post-9/11 world and must modernize its procedures.'' The commission, in charge of overseeing nuclear reactor and nuclear substance safety, disagreed. ``Security has been of prime importance for us on the materials front and the power plant front since 9/11,'' commission spokesman David McIntyre said. To test security at U.S. borders with Mexico and Canada, GAO investigators last year represented themselves as employees of a fake company and obtained cesium-137. They attempted to cross into the United States with the substance - enough to possibly create two crude radiological bombs that could spread radiation if spread by the blast of a conventional explosive. When stopped, the investigators presented counterfeit shipping papers and NRC documents that allegedly permitted them to receive, acquire, possess and transfer radioactive substances. Investigators found that customs agents weren't able to check whether a person caught with radioactive materials was permitted to possess the materials under a government-issued license. ``Unless nuclear smugglers in possession of faked license documents raised suspicions in some other way, CBP officers could follow agency guidelines yet unwittingly allow them to enter the country with their illegal nuclear cargo,'' a report said. It described this problem as ``a significant gap'' in the nation's safety procedures. Vayl Oxford, who heads the Homeland Security Department's Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, said the substance could have been used in a radiological weapon with limited effects. Jayson Ahern, the assistant customs commissioner for field operations, said a system for U.S. customs agents to confirm the authenticity of government licenses will be in place within 45 days. False radiation alarms are common - sometimes occurring more than 100 times a day - although the GAO said inspectors generally do a good job distinguishing nuisance alarms from actual ones. False alarms can be caused by ceramics, fertilizers, bananas and even patients who have recently undergone some types of medical procedures. --- Associated Press Writer Ted Bridis contributed to this report. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 44 Guardian Unlimited: U.S. Looks to Put Inspectors in Bahamas From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 28, 2006 9:16 AM AP Photo WX106 By TED BRIDIS Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP) - U.S. customs inspectors could be stationed by this fall at the largest seaport in the Bahamas, where the Bush administration is hiring a Hong Kong conglomerate to help detect nuclear materials inside cargo, a senior customs official said. Any such agreement will require approval by the Bahamian government. Diplomatic talks are expected to begin soon to put agents from U.S. Customs and Border Protection at the sprawling Freeport Container Port, just 65 miles from Florida's coast. ``We're now looking at going over there to begin discussions,'' Jayson Ahern, assistant customs commissioner for field operations, told The Associated Press on Monday. ``It does require bilateral discussions with another country, but we're cautiously looking at being there by the fall.'' A story last week by the AP described a no-bid, $6 million contract the administration is finalizing with Hutchison Whampoa Ltd. in the Bahamas, and generated criticism of the arrangement from some U.S. lawmakers and security experts. The administration has acknowledged the deal represents the first time a foreign company will be involved in running sophisticated U.S. radiation-detection equipment at an overseas port without American customs agents present. Ahern was expected to testify at a Senate oversight hearing Tuesday on radiation detectors in the United States. On the eve of the hearing, Ahern said the Homeland Security Department intended to station U.S. inspectors in the Bahamas by spring under its port-security program, called the Container Security Initiative, but plans were delayed. Some lawmakers said negotiations were overdue. The senior Democrat on the House Homeland Security Committee said the decision was ``absolutely the right thing to do.'' ``If foreign governments and operators do not oppose U.S. security programs, then the Department of Homeland Security should be doing everything it can to deploy teams and secure foreign ports,'' said Rep. Bennie Thompson of Mississippi. ``Unfortunately, all I see happening in this administration is feet-dragging and action only after bad decisions have been made public.'' Sen. Charles Schumer, D-N.Y. said: ``The only thing missing from the advanced security formula in the Bahamas was the presence of U.S. customs agents. Now that it appears they will be added, it will be a large step forward for port security.'' The pending diplomatic talks were confirmed by John Meredith, the group managing director for Hutchison's port subsidiary, which runs the Bahamas port. ``They are getting close to fixing up a deal between the Bahamas and the U.S.,'' Meredith told the AP. ``If they want to put American people out there to have a look at it, that's fine. But people should respect also that you've got to have trusted partnerships, both with the private sector and with foreign governments.'' The Bahamas contract is close to being finalized by the National Nuclear Security Administration, part of the Energy Department. It has said employees of Hutchison - the world's largest ports operator - will drive the towering, truck-like radiation scanner at the port under the direct supervision of Bahamian customs officials. Any positive reading would set off alarms monitored simultaneously by Bahamian customs inspectors at Freeport and by U.S. customs officials working at an anti-terrorism center in northern Virginia. Under the contract, no U.S. officials would be stationed permanently in the Bahamas with the radiation scanner. Separately, there are no U.S. customs agents checking cargo containers in Freeport under the U.S. customs port-security program. Last week, Thompson said he was concerned there will be inadequate oversight in the Bahamas. Citing the AP story, Thompson sought assurances from the administration over the no-bid contract and asked when U.S. customs inspectors might be sent there permanently. Hutchison Whampoa is among the shipping industry's most respected companies and was an early adopter of U.S. anti-terror measures. But its billionaire chairman, Li Ka-Shing, also has substantial business ties to China's government that have raised U.S. concerns over the years. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2006 ***************************************************************** 45 [du-list] Navy Shipboard Vietnam cancers linked to water Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 17:55:16 -0800 Subject: Navy Shipboard Vietnam cancers linked to water Navy Shipboard Vietnam cancers linked to water WED 22 MAR 2006, Page 003 By: Simon Kearney SAILORS who served on naval ships during the Vietnam War have been told their ships' drinking water, which was contaminated with Agent Orange, could be causing their cancers. The Department of Veterans Affairs is investigating a link between the number of cancers among sailors and the desalinated water on board some ships, which contained dioxins from the deadly defoliant. The alarm relates to ships that took on water in Vung Tau harbor in Vietnam between 1965 and 1972, specifically HMAS Sydney, which made 23 trips to Vietnam during the war, and her escort ships . Between 1980 and 1994 as many as 170 navy personnel died from cancers potentially related to the water on the ships, according to the Mortality of Vietnam Veterans cohort study. An updated mortality study on Vietnam veterans is due to be released later this year. The problem was identified nearly three years ago when the National Research Center for Toxicology found that desalinated drinking water taken from the estuary was contaminated with Agent Orange, which was sprayed widely across the country during the war. ``We are investigating what the issues associated with water and water taken from Vietnamese waters are, and the RMA (Repatriation Medical Authority) have made some progress in that in terms of providing some linkages,'' Department of Veterans Affairs secretary Mark Sullivan said in a Senate budget estimates hearing last month. He said drinking the water was linked to prostate cancer, bone marrow cancer, and two cancers of the lymphatic system, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Hodgkin's lymphoma. ``It (RMA) is still considering the medical and scientific evidence for the inclusion of a potable water factor in the investigations for malignant neoplasm of the lung (lung cancer), soft tissue sarcoma, malignant neoplasm of the larynx (throat cancer) and acute myeloid leukemia,'' Mr Sullivan said. The Department of Veterans Affairs is urging former navy personnel who have these conditions and served on ships that anchored in Vung Tau harbor to submit or resubmit claims. ``What we encourage all veterans to do, if they are unwell or have a condition or disease and they have any suspicion that that condition is related to their service, is to put in a claim. We will investigate it,'' Mr Sullivan said. However, Vietnam Veterans Association of Australia president Ron Coxon said the Government had not gone far enough because veterans had to prove they spent a total of 30 days drinking the water. ``They talk about 30 cumulative days but we don't know how much of the dioxin actually settled in the tank because they never cleaned them,'' he said. The initial toxicology report found that distilling seawater concentrated the dioxins in the water navy personnel were drinking and washing in to above safe levels. The report was an attempt to explain why more navy personnel were dying after the war than other veterans. Of the 55,000 Australians who served in Vietnam, 12,376 were in the navy. Opposition veteran's affairs spokesman Allan Griffin said the Department of Veterans Affairs was not being active enough about warning veterans who might be at risk. (Gee, I think we just discussed that very issue regarding our own government called outreach.) (I would also think that includes any ships that stopped in Guam for stores and potable water.} Simon Kearney The Australian newspaper 2 Holt Street Surry Hills NSW 2010 E-mail: kearneys@theaustralian.com.au Tom Trefts Unified Veterans Coalition www.xsorbit27.com/users5/unifiedveteranscoalition/ To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. ***************************************************************** 46 toledoblade.com: Federal agency plans to offer beryllium tests Tuesday, March 28, 2006 ELMORE, Ohio - A federal agency announced yesterday that it will offer free testing for beryllium sensitization for people living or working near the Brush Wellman Inc. facility here. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry said those concerned about past beryllium exposures may be eligible for a blood test for beryllium "sensitization," a kind of allergic reaction. People who are sensitized could develop chronic beryllium disease, which affects the lungs. The agency will host a public information session at 4 p.m. April 25 at Woodmore High School, 633 Fremont St. Brush Wellman is considering a new plant in Elmore at a cost of up to $60 million, including $9 million in federal funding. The Toledo Blade Company, 541 N. Superior St., Toledo, OH 43660 , (419) 724-6000 ***************************************************************** 47 Courier Post: Study finds link between cancer, nuclear power plants South Jersey's Web Site Tuesday, March 28, 2006 TRENTON (AP) -- A new study on childhood cancer rates in the areas around nuclear power facilities is fueling opponents of a bid to extend the license of the aging Oyster Creek plant. In an article published last week in the peer-reviewed International Journal of Health Services, a researcher claims to have found a correlation between radiation in the areas surrounding nuclear power plants and childhood cancer rates. The contention, which the study's author said should be verified by other researchers, was the focus of a Statehouse news conference held today by opponents of the bid by Oyster Creek's owner to keep the Lacey Township, Ocean County, plant open for 20 more years after the plant's present license expires in 2009. Suzanne Leta, who works on energy issues for the New Jersey Public Interest Research Group, said the study is important because it suggests that nuclear power plants are a danger not only because of the effects of large amounts of radiation that might leak out during an accident, but also because of potentially harmful effects of low levels of regularly emitted radiation. "You've got to be preventative," Leta said. The study, which looked at the areas around Oyster Creek and also the Indian Point plant and the Brookhaven National Laboratories in New York, found that cancer rates in children under 10 seemed to closely mirror the level of radiation found in baby teeth five years earlier. Five years after the radiation levels rose in the late 1980s, for example, the cancer rate in children under 10 also increased. Radiation samples were taken from baby teeth collected by researchers and tested for Strontium-90, a radioactive chemical. The chemical itself is linked to health risks, but it's useful to researchers because, unlike some radioactive byproducts, it is relatively easy to trace. Oyster Creek, which is owned by Chicago-based Exelon, opened in 1969 and is the oldest operating commercial nuclear plant in the United States. Company officials did not immediately return a call seeking comment today. Joe Mangano, the national coordinator of the Norristown, Pa.-based Radiation and Public Health Project and the study's author, said further studies should be done to verify his findings. He said the information should be considered by the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board as it considers renewing the license for Oyster Creek. Phillip Patton, an associate professor of health physics and the University of Nevada-Las Vegas, said that the data for the study appeared to be accurate. But he said some of the data may not be statistically significant and that it may be a leap to use it to argue against nuclear power plants. He said that cancer rates could be even higher around coal plants, for example. ***************************************************************** 48 New NIRS Report Challenges All US Radioactive Waste Policies Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 15:39:21 -0500 A new report from Nuclear Information and Resource Service (NIRS) finds that all of the stated U.S. radioactive waste policies have failed, and/or hold no potential for success. The group recommended as it did 12 years ago that an independent Blue-Ribbon Commission be established to start from ground zero and establish new, workable, scientifically-defensible radioactive waste policies. Had the U.S. done this 12 years ago, about seven billion dollars would have been saved that have been spent on a pyrrhic effort to open the proposed and unsuitable Yucca Mountain, Nevada nuclear waste dump. The report also dismisses reprocessing currently a cause celebre among the Bush administration and a few of its Congressional backers as a radioactive waste management approach. Reprocessing would not only not solve the radioactive waste problem, it would lead to new dangers to the environment and public health and to increased risk of nuclear weapons proliferation. Said lead author Kevin Kamps of NIRS, The U.S. has no better idea of what to do with high-level atomic waste than it did 20 years ago; given current circumstances, it will have no better idea 20 years from now. Shipping wastes through 45 states and the District of Columbia to bury it in a leaky volcanic earthquake zone doesn't make sense, neither does setting up a parking lot for defective radioactive waste casks. What is needed is a complete re-evaluation of our radioactive waste programs, and that needs to be done before construction of any more nuclear reactors is even considered. The new report, titled Radioactive Wreck: The Unfolding Disasters of U.S. Irradiated Nuclear Fuel Policies, also argues that the proposed Private Fuel Storage waste dump on the Skull Valley Goshutes Indian Reservation in Utah is both unworkable and environmentally racist, that no full-scale, physical testing of radioactive waste transport canisters is planned, that radioactive waste fuel pools at existing reactors pose numerous safety and security problems, while dry cask storage at nuclear reactor sites does not work as well as it is supposed to and is vulnerable to terrorist attacks as well as accidents.

The Bush administration is expected to propose legislation in the near future to attempt to salvage its failed radioactive waste policies by expanding the legal limit on the amount of waste Yucca Mountain could accept, seeking a new interim storage program to alleviate the stress on nuclear utilities holding their own waste causes them, taking the Yucca Mountain program off-budget in order to get around the Congressional appropriations process and oversight of the bungled program, and likely other provisions. Many of these measures have been attempted before, and rejected by Congress and/or former President Clinton's veto pen. The expected introduction of the bill, and the Bush administration's recent GNEP (Global Nuclear Energy Partnership) program only reinforce the report's conclusions that U.S. radioactive waste policy is in complete disarray, with no workable or scientifically-sound options being presented to the public. The NIRS report, published in NIRS' publication The Nuclear Monitor is available at: NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) " ' Editorial: "Make Up More Stuff" April 2 - 3, 2005 On Tuesday a House subcommittee, chaired by Rep. Jon Porter, R-Nev., will hold a hearing into allegations that scientific records involving the Yucca Mountain project were falsified. Last month the Energy Department disclosed the existence of e-mails sent by U.S. Geological Survey employees working on the Yucca Mountain project's quality assurance program, messages that discussed fabricating scientific information about how water moves through the mountain. On Friday the Associated Press disclosed the content of some of the e-mails, which, to put it simply, are chilling. "I don't have a clue when these programs were installed. So I've made up the dates and names," a U.S. Geological Survey employee wrote in one e-mail. "This is as good as it's going to get. If they need more proof, I will be happy to make up more stuff." In yet another e-mail, the AP reported, the same employee wrote to a colleague about what appear to be his sentiments about quality assurance: "In the end I keep track of 2 sets of files, the one that will keep QA happy and the ones that were actually used." How damaging the e-mails are to the Yucca Mountain project's credibility -- and its future -- can't be overstated. After all, a federal employee is blithely discussing tampering with scientific work that goes to the very heart of whether Yucca Mountain can safely contain nuclear waste. If, as Nevada officials have contended, water can travel more rapidly through the mountain than the Energy Department asserts, then there is a real likelihood of the water corroding the canisters holding the nuclear waste, enabling the deadly substance to escape. Such a finding would be a show-stopper, resulting in Yucca Mountain being unable to receive a license to operate from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. When Yucca Mountain eventually meets its demise, we'd suggest that a fitting epitaph could come from one of the aforementioned e-mails. Our favorite: "If they need more proof, I will be happy to make up more stuff." We can't think of a more apt description for the absolute disregard for science at Yucca Mountain. =========== " March 31, 2005 FBI steps into Yucca document investigation By Suzanne Struglinski <suzanne@lasvegassun.com> SUN WASHINGTON BUREAU WASHINGTON -- The FBI is examining the documents allegedly falsified by government employees working on the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository, a federal official says. Chad Bungard, deputy staff director and chief counsel at a House Government Reform subcommittee, said he was told from the beginning of the inspector general investigations at the Interior and Energy departments that the FBI would also be involved. The FBI press office would not confirm the agency's involvement or comment on the matter. The inspector general offices at each department also would not comment due to ongoing investigations. Bungard said this will be pursued as a criminal matter until the Justice Department finds otherwise. "That is why we are only giving our redacted information on Friday. We don't want to compromise anything," Bungard said. The House Federal Workforce and Agency Organization Subcommittee, of which Rep. Jon Porter, R-Nev., is chairman, is to hold a hearing April 5 looking at the department's discovery earlier this month of e-mails sent by U.S. Geological Survey employees that suggest they falsified scientific information on how water moves through the mountain. Water movement is a key issue in determining the proposed repository's safety because it can help radiation move through the mountain and possibly into the groundwater under the mountain. Porter will review the documents today when he returns to Washington. The department handed them over on Tuesday. "My instincts tell me this is the tip of the iceberg," Porter said. The "sound science" argument has been used all along to convince Congress -- and the public -- that the dump plan is safe, but Porter said if the data has been tampered with, it puts the whole project in jeopardy. Porter said that at his hearing he will seek answers to such questions as how long the departments knew about these problems and why changes to data were made. Rep. Shelley Berkely, D-Nev., said that like Porter she suspects the problems unveiled by the Energy Department go beyond what is known right now, which proves arguments for the last two decades that the project should not move forward. She said she believes she knows the motives for the alleged falsification. "When the science didn't match the reality, they used politics to change the science in order to match the reality," she said. She welcomed the FBI's involvement because tampering with scientific data threatens the future health and safety of Nevadans. "That someone or a group of people colluded to falsify the scientific data on which the entire Yucca Mountain project is based is nothing less than criminal and should be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law. There is no excuse for it," Berkley said, adding that those responsible should be "put away for a good long time." Jack Finn, spokesman for Sen. John Ensign, R-Nev., said Ensign was pleased the FBI was involved, since that is what the senators asked for. Ensign and Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., sent a letter to Attorney General Alberto Gonzales and FBI Director Robert Mueller a day after the Energy Department's announcement about the e-mails asking for an investigation and for protection of the documents involved. Rep. Jim Gibbons, R-Nev., believes the FBI will be an "impartial and unbiased" investigator, said spokeswoman Amy Spanbauer. She said the issue is obviously a serious matter that brings the whole integrity of the project into question. The investigation is the latest stumbling block for Yucca Mountain, which has hit a series of troubles with funding and its planned license application since being approved as the nation's nuclear waste repository. A federal appeals court found that the Environmental Protection Agency did not follow the law when determining how long the mountain should hold radiation, a key scientific standard. The EPA is now reworking the standard. * See also: NucNews Links and Archives (by date) at http://nucnews.net * (Posted for educational and research purposes only, in accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107) * _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net
***************************************************************** 50 [NukeNet] Presentation - Film - Navajos and Uranium mining Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 17:56:39 -0800 NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) Would anyone be interested in hosting this program below? Greetings. I am producing an important and timely documentary film entitled WOVEN WAYS. I believe the film would be of interest to members of Peace Action, and I'd very much like to inquire about making a presentation to your organization as a guest speaker. WOVEN WAYS shares the stories of Navajo weavers, the sheep that sustain their art and culture, and the environmental issues that threaten the living bonds between them. Deadly uranium and dirty coal power pose serious problems for the Navajo living on the Reservation. America s thirst for energy is having profound negative affects on the Navajo. WOVEN WAYS is a story of beauty and hope, in the face of grave environmental injustices. The film gently unravels the sacred connection each woman has to her sheep and the land, and exposes the interventions that threaten their culture, health, and well-being. The Navajo are waging an important struggle against uranium and coal. While some Americans might feel that this issue as theirs to fight, not ours, the truth is that costly, dangerous and unsustainable coal and nuclear power are bad for us all. Peace-loving people everywhere understand this, as I m confident your members do. We have just edited a 30 minute work-in-progress DVD of our film, which we re happy to screen as part of the presentation. Documentary film is a powerful medium in contemporary culture, one capable of amassing widespread empathy, of mobilizing support, and changing the course of events. An opportunity exists to help the Navajo fight the exploitation of resources on their land that has cost them their health and threatens their way of life. If you d like to learn more about the film, please visit the website at www.wovenways.org. I look forward to hearing from you and wish you well with your many important endeavors. Warmest regards, Linda Linda Helm Krapf, Producer/Director WOVEN WAYS PO Box 46 Sergeantsville, NJ 08559 609.397.4054 _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 51 [NukeNet] SCOOP - THE ROY PROCESS Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 17:59:09 -0800 NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) Guest Article: Making Nuclear Waste Less Harmful Friday, 29 August 2003, 12:36 pm Opinion: Guest Opinion A Process To Render Nuclear Weapons & Waste Less Harmful By Dennis F. Nester, special for NuclearNo.com, Originally published 20 June 2003 - Recycling plutonium from warheads into MOX nuclear reactor fuel only perpetuates the security and environmental problems of bomb grade elements - There is a better way which will completely transmute plutonium and other high level nuclear waste known as the Roy Process It was the TMI partial meltdown that moved Dr. Roy to spend the summer school break proving calculations to see if it was possible to transmute high level nuclear waste cost effectively. He found it could be done with existing infrastructure, commercially available machinery and current supporting technology. Estimated cost to build a pilot facility was $80 million dollars. A newspaper editor persuaded Dr. Roy to release his Roy Process to the press which was published in November of 1979. (see article on web site below). The Roy Process Brief Description from the web site: http://members.cox.net/theroyprocess Is there a safe process to get rid of nuclear waste? Maybe! One possible solution is a process invented by Dr. Radha R. Roy, former professor of Physics at Arizona State University, and designer and former director of the nuclear physics research facilities at the University of Brussels in Belgium and at Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Roy is an internationally known nuclear physicist, consultant, and the author of over 60 articles and several books. He is also a contributing author of many invited articles in a prestigious encyclopedia. He is cited in American Men and Women of Science, Who`s Who in America, Who`s Who in the World and the International Biographical Centre, England. He has spent 52 years in European and American universities researching and writing recognized books on nuclear physics. He has supervised many doctoral students. Roy invented a process for transmuting radioactive nuclear isotopes to harmless, stable isotopes. This process is viable not only for nuclear waste from reactors but also for low-level radioactive waste products. In 1979, Roy announced his transmutation process and received international attention. The Roy process does not require storage of radioactive materials. No new equipment is required. In fact, all of the equipment and the chemical separation processes needed are well known. What`s the basis for the Roy Process? If you examine radioactive elements such as strontium 90, cesium 137 and plutonium 239, you will see that they all have too many neutrons. To put it very simply, the Roy process transmutes these unstable isotopes to stable ones by knocking out the extra neutrons. When a neutron is removed, the resulting isotope has a considerably shorter half-life which then decays to a stable form in a reasonable amount of time. How do we knock out neutrons? By bombarding them with photons (produced as x-rays) in a high- powered electron linear accelerator. Before this process, the isotopes must be separated by a well-known chemical process. It is feasible that portable units could be built and transported to hazardous sites for on-site transmutation of nuclear wastes and radioactive wastes. To give an example, cesium 137 with a half-life of 30.17 years is transformed into cesium 136 with a half-life of 13 days. Plutonium 239 with a half-life of 24,300 years is transformed into plutonium 237 with a half-life of 45.6 days. Subsequent radioactive elements which will be produced from the decay of plutonium 237 can be treated in the same way as above until the stable element is formed. The Roy Process could be developed in three distinct phases, according to Roy. Phase I consists of a theoretical feasibility study of the process to obtain needed parameters for the construction of a prototype machine. Phase II will involve the construction of a prototype machine and supporting facilities for demonstrating the process. Phase Ill will consist of the construction of large scale commercial plants based on the data obtained from Phase II. Cost estimates for Phase I and II are in the neighborhood of $10 million. For Phase Ill, Roy estimates a cost of $70 million. Says Roy, `It will be interesting to do a cost analysis of eliminating nuclear waste by using my process and by burying it for 240,000 years - ten half-lives of plutonium - under strict scientific control. There is also an ethical question: can we really burden the thousands of generations yet to come with problems which we have created? There is no God among human beings who can guarantee how the geological structure of waste burial regions will change even after ten thousand years, not to mention 240,000 years." If you are interested in finding out more about this process, please contact Dennis Nester, Roy`s agent, whose address is listed below. A final note To those who say that a process for transforming nuclear wastes is an invitation to keep making them, I ask, when we find a cure for cancer, shall we say it`s okay to continue to eat, drink and breathe carcinogens? "There is no way one can change nuclear structure other than by nuclear reaction. Burial of nuclear waste is not a solution." Radha Roy, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus "Do not be surprised if you learn that the nuclear industry makes billions of dollars by being a part of government`s policy of burial of nuclear wastes. It is not in their financial interest to try any other process. They are not idealists. Radha R. Roy, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus The below includes the Patent application claim.....describing other uses for the Roy Process transmutation method http://members.cox.net/theroyprocess/additional-uses-royprocess.html ************* AUTHOR CONTACT DETAILS Dennis F. Nester 4510 E. Willow Ave. Phoenix, AZ 85032 USA (602) 494-9361 theroyprocess@cox.net Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 52 Las Vegas SUN: Republican candidates for governor disavow Guinn tax increase March 27, 2006 By RYAN NAKASHIMA ASSOCIATED PRESS LAS VEGAS (AP) - Republican gubernatorial candidates distanced themselves Monday from GOP Gov. Kenny Guinn and said they would never repeat his 2003 tax increase, the largest in state history. Rep. Jim Gibbons, Lt. Gov. Lorraine Hunt and state Sen. Bob Beers all disavowed the tax package, which raised more than $833 million over two years. At Guinn's urging, the state later gave taxpayers back $300 million in vehicle registration rebates after the tax increase helped create a big surplus. Hunt called the tax increase "disastrous," while Beers, who opposed the increase in the legislature as an assemblyman, said: "I actually lived through this nightmare." When asked what he would do differently than Guinn, Gibbons replied: "First of all, I would never have raised your taxes." The three candidates appeared at a luncheon forum hosted by the Republican Jewish Coalition at The Venetian casino hotel. Guinn is prohibited by state law from seeking a third term in 2006, leaving the field open heading into November's general election. Henderson Mayor Jim Gibson and state Sen. Dina Titus are seeking the Democratic nomination. On Monday the GOP candidates offered differing proposals on the hotly debated topic of illegal immigration. Beers proposed denying welfare and the state's Millennium Scholarships to illegal immigrants. Gibbons and Hunt proposed ways of documenting illegal workers to ensure they pay taxes and eventually earn legal status. All opposed a proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, and each expressed concerns about introducing a statewide property tax cap such as California's Proposition 13. The landmark 1978 voter initiative has been blamed for causing massive funding cuts to the state's public education system. Hunt appealed to Republicans to support whichever candidate won the primary, and the three candidates were mostly civil during the forum moderated by radio talk show host Alan Stock. "Whoever wins the primary, please get behind her, or him, and let's put a Republican in the mansion," Hunt said. However, Beers kept up his criticism of Gibbons, who is considered the front-runner to win the August primary. Beers said Gibbons supported extending collective bargaining rights from local to state government employees such as prison guards, which would inflate the cost of government. "I have voted in the past against extending that unfair set of rights to state employees," Beers said. "U.S. Rep. Gibbons has come out in favor of doing just that and has been endorsed by the union he promised that to." Gibbons did not respond directly. Afterward, Gibbons spokesman Robert Uithoven said the congressman did not favor such rights for all state employees, but told the Nevada Corrections Association he would support collective bargaining for the group if it could win legislative approval. "It was just a question brought up in that particular meeting with that particular group," Uithoven said. Beers also promoted his Tax and Spending Control initiative, which would amend the state constitution to cap state and local government spending to the rate of inflation plus population growth. Gibbons and Hunt have opposed the proposal but vowed to be fiscally conservative. All contents copyright 2005 Las Vegas SUN, Inc. ***************************************************************** 53 NEWS.com.au: Withdraw uranium opposition, Labor told - - Breaking News 24/7 - From: AAP March 29, 2006 ENVIRONMENT Minister Ian Campbell said state Labor governments should withdraw their opposition to more uranium mining. Australia and China are poised to sign a deal next week which will open the door to uranium sales between the two countries. The safeguards deal, to be signed by Prime Minister John Howard and visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, is expected to increase pressure on the states to allow more uranium mines beyond Labor's three-mines policy. State governments are standing firm on the policy, but Senator Campbell said it made no sense when nuclear power offered a solution to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. He said the problem of greenhouse gas emissions was particularly bad in countries such as China, which rely heavily on carbon-based energy and needed to move to renewable and nuclear power to slow climate change. ***************************************************************** 54 NEWS.com.au: China fires nuclear reaction | Business | Breaking News 24/7 - (29-03-2006) By Nigel Wilson and Andrew Trounson URANIUM stocks soared yesterday after news that China and Australia could sign an agreement on uranium exploration and mining next week. Shares in Rio Tinto subsidiary Energy Resources of Australia (era.ASX:Quote,News), Australia's largest uranium exporter, jumped 45c to $13.75. BHP Billiton (bhp.ASX:Quote,News), which owns the world's biggest uranium resource, at Olympic Dam, closed at $28.85, 17c higher than its day's low. Encounter Resources (enr.ASX:Quote,News), which also listed on Friday, jumped 85 per cent to 88c, making it the biggest gainer on the day. The minnows performed spectacularly. Perth-based Energy Metals rose 15 per cent to $2.53. Shares in Toro Energy, which more than trebled on its debut last Friday, hit $1.49 before closing 10.5c lower. Deep Yellow, which has uranium exploration licences in Australia and Tanzania, rose 43 per cent to 16.5c. Argonaut Securities equities dealer Andrew Venn said in Perth that many of the uranium companies listing on the stock exchange had yet to find a uranium resource, never mind contemplating building a mine. "You can get any price from $2 to 20c. It's blue sky rather than fundamentals that investors are chasing," he said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, who arrives in Perth on Saturday evening, is expected to sign agreements that will lead to China buying uranium from Australia. "The discussions with the Chinese have been going on for some time. We have made very good progress," Prime Minister John Howard said. "It's possible the discussions could be satisfactorily concluded so that something could be said or signed when the Chinese Premier visits Canberra next week." Australia, which has the world's largest-known uranium reserves, began talks last year with China to ensure any uranium supplied would be used only for peaceful purposes. China plans to boost use of electricity provided by nuclear power stations fourfold by 2020 by building 28 nuclear power plants to meet rising energy demand, according to the World Nuclear Association. The soaring prices of uranium stocks prompted warnings that new producing uranium mines are years away, in part because of the continuing three-mines policy adopted by the Labor Party and enforced by state governments around the country, who control exploration and mining approvals. "I'd be surprised if there was a new uranium mine in Australia before 2010," Ian Hore-Lacy, general manager of the Uranium Information Centre in Melbourne, said. "No companies appear to be seeking approvals for new mining operations and you'd have to believe that it would take three or four years for approvals and mine development to work through." Shadow resources minister Martin Ferguson said the ALP had been unaware of any agreement with China over uranium exploration, but noted there were currently no special barriers to Chinese interests being able to explore for uranium. "If a Chinese investor wants to get involved, then they will have to meet the normal commercial requirements of the Australian and state governments," he said. Yesterday The Australian confirmed that despite the declaration by Summit Resources of a uranium province around Mt Isa, the Queensland Government will not change its anti-mining stance. BHP, which has said it will make a decision on expanding Olympic Dam at Roxby Downs in South Australia by 2009, is not considering developing a 35,000-tonne deposit at Yeelirrie in Western Australia's Goldfields. WA government sources said there was an agreement with the deposit's former owner, WMC, that it would never be mined. A BHP spokeswoman said the company's uranium aspiration were fully engaged with expansion possibilities for Olympic Dam - which has estimated reserves of 456,600 tonnes of contained uranium oxide. In the Northern Territory, Energy Resources of Australia is planning to further explore its existing leases at Ranger with the aim of continuing mining after 2008. By that time ERA says it will have sufficient mined ore to continue processing until 2014. Copyright 2006 News Limited. All times AEDT (GMT + 11). ***************************************************************** 55 NEWS.com.au: Expand uranium mining: Campbell Breaking News 24/7 - From: AAP March 28, 2006 ENVIRONMENT Minister Ian Campbell says Australia should allow more mining of uranium to help tackle climate change. Senator Campbell said also that more uranium exports to major polluting nations such as China and India did not necessarily mean Australia should take responsibility for extra nuclear waste. Prime Minister John Howard today said it was possible that a uranium safeguards agreement would be signed next week with China when Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visits Australia. The safeguards pact will open the way for China to begin talks to buy uranium from Australian miners, including BHP Billiton, which owns 30 per cent of reserves in Australia. But state governments are standing firm against a change in Labor's three-mines uranium policy, which will hamper China's desire to explore for the metal in Australia. Senator Campbell said an expansion of uranium mining and use of nuclear technology was essential to counter greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. "It's incredibly important that all of the technologies are available to solve climate change," he said. "Nuclear is one of the existing technologies that we know that can produce energy with low carbon emissions." ***************************************************************** 56 Nevada Appeal: Feds continue to bully Nevada over Yucca Opinion March 28, 2006 The U.S. Department of Energy is demonstrating once again that it sees Nevada as an opponent in its headlong quest to complete the Yucca Mountain nuclear-waste repository. And that's just another way of saying that the feds don't care about the concerns of state residents who would have to live next to 77,000 tons of nuclear waste. The agency's first step in changing that perception would be to turn over an application for the repository that was completed in 2004 by contractors seeking a license to open the dump. But the agency has refused repeated requests from Nevada's highest officials. Yucca critics suspect the document could show the site would be unsafe after 10,000 years. The feds say that information is protected by legal privilege. Their argument ignores a far more important privilege, that of Nevada's citizens to know everything about the project that they may be forced to live with, especially since it was prepared on the public's dime. Now Nevada is going to court again, wasting time and money to obtain something that the public needs to know. Not that the feds will care ... they've made a practice of wasting millions of dollars at Yucca Mountain. The feds are also considering the state's request that it release the results of investigations into whether scientists at the site broke laws. More than a year ago, the state learned of the allegations that scientists falsified data that may have helped persuade President Bush and Congress to approve the Yucca Mountain site in 2002. It's commendable that the state is taking on the U.S. Department of Energy once again. But it's troubling that the federal government continues to snub its nose at the state. And, unfortunately, it makes you wonder what else they may be hiding. All contents © Copyright 2006 nevadaappeal.com Nevada Appeal - 580 Mallory Way - Carson City, NV 89701 ***************************************************************** 57 Australian Financial Review: Uranium prices predicted to get hotter March 29 2006 Staff reporter and Bloomberg Spot uranium prices may surge as much as 45 per cent to a high of $US58 a pound by mid next year, potentially driving further gains for sharemarket-listed explorers hoping to cash in on expectations that demand for the nuclear fuel will outstrip supply over the next 10 years. The growing political acceptance of uranium mining has spurred a boom in uranium stocks that has investors paying between $US3 and $US4 a pound of uranium mineralisation, according to a Resource Capital Research report released yesterday. The report covers 22 global uranium exploration and development companies and focuses on Australia, Canada and the United States. The boutique research company forecasts the uranium price will reach $US54 a pound in 2006, an increase of 35 per cent over the current spot price of $US40 a pound, and $US58 a pound by mid-2007. Shares in Energy Resources of Australia, Energy Metals and Australian uranium companies jumped yesterday. ERA rose 45¢ to $13.75 and Energy Metals rose 40¢ to $6. Shares in uranium explorer Toro Energy, which more than trebled in their debut day of trading on March 24, jumped as much as 6.5 per cent to almost six times their issue price. Encounter Resources, a uranium explorer that began trading on March 24, jumped 85 per cent to 88¢, making it the biggest gainer on the exchange yesterday. "With the opportunity opening up of the Chinese market, it's providing greater confidence in the market that all the exploration spending going on is actually worthwhile," Fat Prophets Fund Management senior resources analyst Gavin Wendt said. "If it was possible to add more enthusiasm to the whole uranium sector, this has done it." Australia, which has the world's largest-known uranium reserves, started talks last year with China to ensure any uranium supplied would be used only for peaceful purposes. Miners such as Energy Metals and Compass Resources are competing to explore for the fuel in Australia as demand surges. Shares in BHP Billiton, which produces uranium at the Olympic Dam mine in South Australia, had also benefited from optimism about the metal, Mr Wendt said. China plans to boost nuclear energy fourfold by 2020 by building 28 nuclear power plants to meet rising energy demand, according to the World Nuclear Association. Australia has 31 per cent of global uranium reserves although it meets only 21 per cent of demand, according to government figures, partly due to mining bans. ***************************************************************** 58 ForUm: Bulgaria to transport nuclear materials via Ukraine News / 28 March 2006 | 17:17 The Cabinet of Ukraine inked the resolution ¹161 of March 27, 2006 regulating the transportation of nuclear materials from Bulgaria to Russia via Ukraine. The resolution approves of the draft agreement between the Ukraine’s Cabinet, Bulgarian and Russian governments on the transportation of nuclear materials between Bulgaria and the RF via Ukraine. The State Nuclear Regulation Committee Chairman Olena Mykolajchuk is commissioned to sign the corresponding agreement and to introduce insignificant changes if necessary. Comments Greens. (17:24 | 28 March,2006) We shall not allow that All rights are reserved by © LTD. Inter-Media, ForUm 2001-2006 ***************************************************************** 59 reviewjournal.com: YUCCA MOUNTAIN: Scientists tout technology, research Mar. 28, 2006 Waste repository project might use advances By STEVE TETREAULT STEPHENS WASHINGTON BUREAU WASHINGTON -- Spray-on metal coatings that could resist corrosion for half of the cost of expensive alloys. Time-saving electron beam welding that could seal canisters in a single pass. Longer-lasting disc blades that might be able to cut through 2,000 feet of rock before wearing out. New technologies and research paid for by the Department of Energy for Yucca Mountain show promise for researching the proposed Nevada nuclear waste site and for saving millions of dollars, said scientists taking part in the studies. Much of the work being conducted in science incubators are in the early phases and could take years to explore. But DOE officials said fruit-bearing elements could be incorporated into the waste repository designs. "The benefits are potentially enormous as far as performance and cost standpoints," said John Wengle, director of the Office of Science and Technology. Wengle and other DOE officials and research team leaders delivered presentations Thursday at the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, which would conduct license hearings for the repository. Some of the participants said research could allow DOE to hone repository safety calculations or fill gaps in research. No one discussed what might happen if research turned up potential showstoppers for the project. Researchers gathered by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory are taking a new thrust at the physical characteristics of Yucca Mountain and how water might seep through its cracks and fissures into repository storage areas. "Our work is really a demonstration that Yucca Mountain site is a real good site for disposal of nuclear waste," said Bo Bodvarsson, director of the earth sciences division at the lab. "This portfolio is going to help us demonstrate a significant increase in repository performance." But as work proceeds, the Energy Department is drawing questions as to whether the follow-up research might complicate licensing for the repository, which would be built on studies the department conducted over the past 20 years. How does DOE plan to integrate new features into a complex undertaking that faces scrupulous review, DOE officials were asked at the session by NRC staff and members of an NRC advisory commission. "Clearly there is much more to the story than we have heard so far," said Lawrence Kokajko, deputy director of the high-level waste repository safety division in the NRC's Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards. Bob Loux, a repository critic, said, "It seems to me there is a huge disconnect between the science program and the Yucca project. "If they are developing good ideas in science, they ought to have bought enough time to incorporate those into the program. Otherwise why do it?" Loux, director of the Nevada Agency for Nuclear Projects, said in a telephone interview. The Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management is spending $21.3 million on Yucca follow-up work this year that is spread among the national laboratories and universities. The University of Nevada, Las Vegas, the University of Nevada, Reno, Nye County and Nevada-based Desert Research Institute are among the groups receiving funding. Besides the earth science studies, topics include understanding how waste-bearing containers will corrode and how spent fuel will behave once it is placed in the repository and starts to decay. "We are developing a community of experts who will address issues unknown at the moment but will inevitably arise as the project moves forward," said Rodney Ewing, a nuclear engineering professor at the University of Michigan. "At the end of the day, if you are telling a story out to hundreds of thousands of years, the credibility of the storyteller is important," Ewing said. DOE and the Defense Department are teaming up on development of iron-based amorphous metal coatings that are said to be corrosion-resistant, DOE official Jef Walker said. The iron-based coating material could be bought for $8 a pound and sprayed onto waste containers, while costs for a nickel-based alloy are double that or more, Walker said. DOE's design calls for placing alloy sleeves on waste packages entering the mountain. Walker declined to estimate how much money might be saved but said the amount was "substantial, possibly staggering." Similar metal coatings could be applied on tunnel boring machines to reduce wear and tear on cutting tool, Walker said. The cutting discs now must be replaced after slicing through 500 feet of rock. Copyright © Las Vegas Review-Journal, 1997 - 2006 Stephens Media GroupPrivacy Statement ***************************************************************** 60 AFP: Australian PM upbeat about prospects of nuclear deal with China Tue Mar 28, 3:17 AM ET CANBERRA (AFP) - Prime Minister John Howard said "very good progress" had been made in negotiations on opening Australia's vast uranium reserves up to China and a deal could be signed when Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visits next week. In remarks that sent shares in Australian-listed uranium producers and explorers soaring, Howard said there had been progress in lengthy talks on Canberra's insistence that its uranium is not used in Chinese nuclear weapons. "We have made very good progress," Howard said during a joint press conference in Canberra with visiting British Prime Minister Tony Blair " /> Tony Blair. "It's possible that the discussions could be satisfactorily concluded so that something could be said or signed when the Chinese premier visits Australia next week," he said. Australia has some 40 percent of the world's known uranium reserves and has been keen to increase exports to fuel China's rapidly expanding nuclear power industry. A senior Chinese official in Beijing said Monday the two governments were poised to sign two deals, one on exports of Australian uranium to China and another on Chinese involvement in uranium exploration and mining in Australia. Liu Jieyi, head of the foreign ministry's North American and Oceanic Affairs Department, told reporters two draft texts had been completed and would likely be signed during Wen's four-day visit, which begins Saturday. Liu stressed the agreements would cover the "peaceful use of nuclear energy" and would be in line with safeguards laid down by the International Atomic Energy Agency " /> International Atomic Energy Agency. During two days of meetings and speeches in Canberra, Blair and Howard have repeatedly stressed the strategic importance of helping the rapidly emerging economies of China and India achieve energy security. Both Blair and Howard suggested nuclear power would offer the Asian giants a cleaner and more sustainable source of energy than the polluting coal and oil-fired stations on which they now rely. Howard did not rule out lifting a ban on selling uranium to India due to New Delhi's refusal to sign the nuclear non-proliferation treaty, although he said the government was "not contemplating" a change in policy. He said Australia will send a delegation to India and the United States next month to examine details of a new nuclear agreement between the two countries. Under the deal, India gains access to US nuclear technology in exchange for it separating its civil and military atomic programs and placing a majority of its reactors under international inspection. Howard's comments about a possible deal with Beijing raised the prospect of cashed-up Chinese resources companies looking for joint ventures in Australia, sending uranium companies skyrocketing. Encounter Resources, a company holding exploration rights in parts of Western Australia, was up 40.5 cents or 85 percent at 88 cents. Toro Energy, which holds uranium exploration ground in South Australia, was up 8.5 cents or 6.6 percent at 1.395 dollars. Deep Yellow, a Northern Territory explorer, was up five cents or 44 percent at 16.5 cents. BHP Billiton, which owns one of the world's largest uranium mines at Olympic Dam in South Australia state, rose seven cents or 0.26 percent to 26.85 to a record closing high. The country's other major uranium producer, Energy Resources Australia (ERA) rose 45 cents or 3.5 percent to 13.75. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 61 AFP: Local gov't okays test run at nuclear reprocessing plant - Tue Mar 28, 10:00 AM ET TOKYO (AFP) - Local authorities in northern Japan authorised a test run at the nation's first plant to extract plutonium and uranium from spent nuclear fuel. Shingo Mimura, governor of Aomori prefecture which hosts the plant, announced the approval and offered draft safety guidelines to plant operator Japan Nuclear Fuel Ltd. "I believe this reprocessing plant will contribute a lot to the nation's energy policies," Mimura told a news conference on Tuesday. Japan Nuclear Fuel is expected to begin trial operations by Friday to reprocess spent fuel from other nuclear power plants. The planned test run will mark a major step forward in Japan's long-term reprocessing project. Construction of the plant began in 1993, but the start of operations has been delayed due to a series of problems including a design fault in the cooling devices. Copyright © 2006 Agence France Presse. All rights reserved. The ***************************************************************** 62 Morris Daily Herald: Nuclear spill disclosure bill clears Senate 3/28/2006 3:35:00 PM Dahl expects Blagojevich will sign tritium-leak response measure into law Herald Writer SPRINGFIELD – State Senator Gary Dahl sees no reason why Gov. Rod Blagojevich shouldn’t sign legislation to more closely regulate nuclear generating stations in Illinois. “Everybody’s been in favor of the bill,” the Granville Republican said today. “The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency supported this all the way through (the House and Senate). I don’t see where the governor would hesitate to sign it.” Dahl is the chief Senate sponsor of House Bill 1620, which would hold the state’s nuclear generating stations to more-strict environmental standards. The Senate approved the measure Monday in a 49-0 vote. State Representative Careen Gordon, D-Morris, proposed HB 1620, which passed in the House last week by a vote of 114-0. The bill now returns to the House for approval of the amended version before going to the governor for his signature. Dahl said he talked Monday evening to Gordon, who told him she was confident the legislation would not have any trouble passing in the House this time around. The bill is in response to recent tritium leaks at several generating stations owned by Exelon Nuclear, including Braidwood Station at Braceville, Dresden Station at Morris, and Byron Station at Rockford. Tritium is a naturally occurring isotope of hydrogen which emits a very low level of radiation, and is found in more concentrated levels in water used in nuclear generating stations. Under the measure, nuclear plant owners and operators would be required to report to the IEPA any accidental releases of a contaminant within 24 hours. This includes illegal spills, leaks, emissions, discharges, escapes, leaching, and disposal of contaminants into groundwater, surface water, or the soil. The IEPA would have a year after the bill goes into effect to prescribe standards to the Illinois Pollution Control Board for detecting and reporting unpermitted releases of contaminants. The IPCB must then set standards to detect and report the releases. The legislation also requires the IEPA and Illinois Emergency Management Agency to inspect, at least quarterly, every nuclear station in Illinois for non-permitted releases. Dahl did not believe the quarterly inspections would add more staff to the agencies. “I don’t see why it should,” he noted. “I would think there’d be enough people there to get these done. It’s just a matter of prioritizing. Sometimes we put so much paperwork into things we don’t actually get the fieldwork done.” HB 1620 is part of the Will-Grundy County response to a series of tritium-laced water spills at Braidwood Station, beginning in 1996, but not made public until December 2005. “I think this measure is going to be a help. The Braidwood situation is growing way out of proportion. The problem I see is that the vultures are circling,” said Dahl. “We’re drawing in attorneys from all over the country. Exelon has created some problems and needs to get its act straight. “But we’re having class-action lawsuits, and who is getting rich from this, the trial attorneys or the residents? My guess is, it’s going to be the attorneys.” Dahl said, up to now, Exelon has been willing to voluntarily assist with fixing the water problem in the village of Godley, south of Braidwood Station, and to assist in other ways as much as it can. “Putting myself in their position as a businessman, and I’m trying to do what’s right and voluntarily being a good neighbor, and my back’s to the wall with multi-million dollar lawsuits,” he noted. “And every time I open my mouth and say I want to do this and that for them, then some high-powered attorneys are taking these statements to court and saying, ‘You’re admitting guilt.’ And, that’s too bad.” In a related matter, Will County Board Chairman Jim Moustis met last week with Illinois Congressional leaders on Capitol Hill to discuss the radioactive water spills at Braidwood Station. Moustis said in a prepared news release he was encouraged that positive steps would be taken toward solving public health and safety issues in the wake of the spills. He also repeated his request for a review of all laws governing the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. “As much as we need laws that hold companies accountable for actions after the fact, our goal should be to make sure that radiation leaks never happen at all,” he said in the news brief. “Poison is poison, and that’s why we need a strong NRC with strong laws they can enforce.” Morris Daily Herald • 1804 N. Division St. • Morris, Illinois 60450 (815) 942-3221 • (800) 215-9778 ***************************************************************** 63 Midland Reporter-Telegram: With license pending, survey shows Andrews backs Waste Control Specialists 03/28/2006 - Although the license is pending, Andrews shows support of low-level radioactive waste disposal by Waste Control Specialists. By Ruth Campbell Staff Writer ANDREWS -- A draft license allowing Waste Control Specialists to dispose of low-level radioactive waste could be issued by late summer, Mike Woodward, an attorney representing the company said Monday. Woodward, attorney and lobbyist Kent Hance and Mike Baselice, president of Baselice and Associates, were on hand to explain results from a survey on Waste Control during an Andrews County Commission meeting. The survey was conducted after a Texas Commission on Environmental Quality consultant expressed skepticism about the level of support for low-level radioactive waste disposal in Andrews, Hance said. Waste Control currently stores low-level radioactive waste. Part of the license application has to do with socioeconomic issues, although the license is supposed to be decided on based on science and technology, Hance said. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality and Texas Department of State Health Services officials said the low-level disposal site license might be issued in early 2008 and a draft license in August. Richard Ratliff, radiation program officer for the Division of Regulatory Services with the Texas Department of State Health Services said a proposed license from his agency is likely by the end of August. Those opposed to the license can then request a hearing. Baselice's survey was done Jan. 21-23 among 605 respondents, including 172 in Andrews County. He also asked people about the proposed high-temperature teaching and test reactor in the county and Louisiana Energy Services proposed uranium enrichment facility just over the line in Lea County, N.M. Overall results showed people feel positive about all three projects and they were even more positive after the survey was concluded, Baselice said. Overall, 52 percent favored having disposal available at the site and 64 percent in Andrews. Up to 77 percent of people in Andrews backed the idea after learning more about the venture. The image of Waste Control overall is 42 percent positive and 8 percent negative. In Andrews, it is 70 percent positive and 10 percent negative. Most people in Andrews feel Waste Control has had a good impact on the local economy -- 40 percent overall and 56 percent in Andrews. Seventy-four (74) percent of Andrews County residents want Waste Control operating in the region rather than elsewhere and 63 percent overall feel likewise, Baselice said. "The more people know about what you're doing and what we stand for," the more positive the response, Hance told the audience in the Andrews County Courtroom. Response to the high-temperature teaching and test reactor has also been favorable with 59 percent offering a positive response, 11 percent negative and 34 percent with no opinion. Louisiana Energy Services' National Enrichment Facility yielded a 19 percent positive response overall and 10 percent positive in Andrews County. Four percent was negative overall and 1 percent negative in Andrews County. Response was higher in Lea County where the National Enrichment Facility will be located. Andrews Independent School District school board member Brad Horton asked if Waste Control would continue to be a good neighbor or if it planned to pull out of the area. Hance said that thanks to Harold Simmons, chairman of the board of Valhi Inc., parent company of Waste Control Specialists, and the community, the business is moving forward. "With the amount of money invested in this project, we want to," Hance said. "But even if we didn't want to we have to. We put $120 million into this project." ©MyWestTexas.com 2006 ***************************************************************** 64 AU ABC: NT Govt mulls uranium sales timeframe. 28/03/2006. ABC News Online The Northern Territory Government says it is hard to know whether the Territory will be the first jurisdiction to sell uranium to China. The Chinese Foreign Ministry has confirmed it is ready to sign an agreement with Australia on the peaceful use of nuclear energy, paving the way for uranium sales. Territory Chief Minister Clare Martin says it would be up to Rio Tinto to decide whether China can buy uranium from the active Ranger mine. She has restated Labor's policy of no new uranium mines, despite extensive mineral exploration being under way in the Territory. "There is a large difference between exploration and any new mine coming on line," she said. "We're very proud of the fact we've got lots of exploration at the moment and we're certainly very supportive of that, but there is certainly no new uranium mine in the Territory at the moment. "There's a long time between minerals being found and operations getting up and going." ***************************************************************** 65 AU ABC: Uranium deal with China close, Govt says 29/03/2006 Australian Broadcasting Corporation Lateline Reporter: Dana Robertson TONY JONES: Australia's uranium industry could be in for a massive boost, with Chinese officials confident they'll sign a uranium deal with Australia next week. The deal would allow Australian uranium to be exported to China for power generation and enable China to explore for uranium in Australia and produce it here. It could also pave the way for India to access Australia's vast uranium reserves. The renewed focus on nuclear power comes as Tony Blair highlighted the issue of climate change during his last day in Australia. Dana Robertson reports. DANA ROBERTSON: They might be the leaders of Australia and Great Britain, but today their eyes were firmly on Asia. TONY BLAIR, BRITISH PRIME MINISTER: Just as we have our relationship with Europe that is important, you have yours with Asia and, in fact, this can help us both. DANA ROBERTSON: Like so much else during this visit, Tony Blair and John Howard are in steadfast agreement that there needs to be a new international pact to tackle climate change. While Britain has signed the Kyoto Protocol, Tony Blair called for a dose of realism in the debate and heaped praise on Australia's agreement with other Asia Pacific nations to combat greenhouse emissions. TONY BLAIR: I think the very fact you've now got a forum in which you've got the US and China and India talking together alongside countries like Australia is a very important, positive sign. DANA ROBERTSON: And both men agree that China's involvement is crucial. JOHN HOWARD, PRIME MINISTER: If Australia stopped all emissions, it would take China 10 months to sort of make up for it. TONY BLAIR: That is why it is just, as I say, a completely unrealistic debate to say that you can have a climate change agreement that doesn't involve China, and then America, obviously, and, of course, India, which is also a country of a billion people growing at a vast rate. DANA ROBERTSON: The renewed discussion of China and India comes as both countries are turning to Australia for the uranium they need to fuel their rapidly growing economies. Australia has almost half of the world's uranium reserves, but Labor's three-mines policy has prevented the states from expanding the industry. The South Australian Premier wants that to change. MIKE RANN, SOUTH AUSTRALIAN PREMIER: The current national ALP policy is anachronistic and therefore, is likely to be changed. DANA ROBERTSON: And there are increasing signs the industry could soon grow in the Northern Territory, where the Federal Government controls mining. Chinese officials say they'll sign a uranium deal with Australia when the country's premier visits next week. LIU JIEYI, CHINESE FOREIGN AFFAIRS OFFICIAL: These agreements are all for the peaceful use of nuclear energy. JOHN HOWARD: It's possible that the discussions could be satisfactorily concluded so that something could be said or signed when the Chinese Premier visits Australia next week. DANA ROBERTSON: China says the agreement will be two-fold, including both a promise China would only use the uranium for peaceful purposes and a deal for joint mining operations. Any deal with China could be the first step towards Australian accommodating India's uranium demands, although it hasn't signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and John Howard maintains he's not contemplating a policy change. But he's also sent a strong signal it's not completely off the agenda. JOHN HOWARD: Whilst India is not a signatory to the treaty, everybody knows that her behaviour since exploding a device in 1974 has been impeccable and I think that is something that people have to bear in mind. DANA ROBERTSON: Australia's sending a delegation to New Delhi and Washington next month to find out more about the recent US-India nuclear deal. Dana Robertson, Lateline. ***************************************************************** 66 UPI: China gains access to Aussie uranium United Press International - Security &Terrorism - 3/28/2006 11:28:00 AM -0500 CANBERRA, Australia, March 28 (UPI) -- Chinese companies will be permitted to mine uranium in Australia and export the product to China under new government agreements. The Australian said the agreements between Canberra and Beijing were part of a treaty to be signed by Premier Wen Jiaboa, who arrives in Australia Saturday. The deal is expected to help China cut dependence on coal for energy and also boost Australia's uranium mining industry once state governments ease their exploration and production limits. There are currently three uranium mines operating in Australia - two in South Australia and one in the country's Northern Territory. A fourth has been cleared for construction in South Australia. Exports for the 2004-2005 period were more than 10,000 tons. The United States, EU countries, South Korea and Canada were recipients. The Howard government says the deal conforms to provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. © Copyright 2006 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 67 [NukeNet] response to DOE's expressions of interest, GNEP Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 17:57:09 -0800 NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) Attn: Ms. Janet Surrusco Contract Specialist, DOE Idaho Office Regarding: DOE seeking expressions of interest by March 31, 2006, to propose and evaluate sites suitable for demonstrating advanced recycling technologies under the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP). Dear Ms. Surrusco, Ms. Lisa Cox in the Public Relations office of DOE gave me your name and e-mail address for responding to the March 17, 2006 press release siting March 31, 2006 as the deadline for submitting "expressions of interest - - to propose and evaluate sites suitable for demonstrating advanced recycling technologies under the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP)." The only instructions Ms. Cox could furnish me was that the submission should not exceed four pages. According to the press release, the site selection contest is for the demonstration phase, but according to the authorizing document, HR2419, 2006 Water and Energy Appropriations act, page 9906, the site selection contest was for siting a commercial Integrated Spent Fuel Recycling facility, with four components: (1) Reprocessing facility (2) MOX fuel fabrication facility (3) Vitrification facility (4) Process storage. The press release varies from HR2419 not only by indicating that the contest is for a demonstration facility, but also states, "Three major elements of DOE's GNEP technology plan are to demonstrate a proliferation-resistant process to separate usable elements contained in commercial spent nuclear fuel from its waste elements, to develop and fabricate new fuels from the transuranic elements contained in spent fuel, and to demonstrate the ability to consume transuranic fuels in an advanced burner test reactor." This announcement eliminates the mention of vitrification and process storage and adds "to demonstrate the ability to consume transuranic fuels in an advanced burner test reactor." Does this indicate that the "advanced burner test reactor" is to be built at the same site as the reprocessing facility? Is it to be built simultaneously with the demonstration phase of the new reprocessing technology, UREX, UREX Plus, or UREX Plus La? Does changing from the commercial site, as indicated in HR2419 to a test facility have the effect of eliminating the NRC from the siting phase? Once the technology clears the testing phase, will this facility convert to a commercial reprocessing function? Who is authorized to apply for the $5 million per site, which was characterized as a "Site Selection Contest" in HR2419? This press release stipulates that the awards are for site evaluation studies. Please clarify. What is the point of having a site selection contest when the Savannah River Site (SRS) has all of the elements except the advanced burner test reactor, already at the site, or in the process of being constructed there? In 2005 the Governor and the South Carolina Congressional delegation came out in support of a reactor, proposed by NUSTART, to be built there. That clears the way for the new fast breeder, which is the old name for your "advanced burner test reactor." Other elements specified in HR2419 already in place or on order at SRS, are: (1) Reprocessing facility. F Canyon, the old reprocessing facility, is still at SRS. The cost of conversion to the new UREX process or UREX Plus, or UREX Plus La, would have to be compared with the cost and time requirements of constructing a new facility. (2) A MOX Fuel Fabrication Facility is already approved for SRS. The design is not yet complete, so the costs of converting it from strictly using plutonium from U. S. and Russian Nuclear Weapons to using UREX, or UREX Plus would seem to be more economical than producing UREX Plus La, and shipping it to a separate location where the material would again have to be reprocessed to remove the lanthanides. The original price of the MOX facility was $1 Billion, and has escalated to $3.8 Billion, with construction scheduled to start in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006, which begins in July. The plans are only 70% complete, so tit could be changed to accommodate reprocessed UREX , or UREX plus spent fuel.. Or perhaps the timing would allow the conversion of the plutonium from weapons to be performed first, then the facility would be converted to use the newly designed spent fuel. (3) The original HR2419 called for a vitrification facility. There is an operational vitrification facility already at SRS. In 1990, Westinghouse was granted a yearly contract in excess of $1 billion to do environmental cleanup at the SRS, including emptying the 51 hugh carbon steel tanks of waste left over from reprocessing plutonium and tritium for nuclear weapons. Although only between 2 to 4 of the 51 tanks have been partially emptied, and the volume of waste and the radiotoxicity is roughly equal to what is was before the vitrification process began, there are now an additional 2,000 vitrified glass logs to stored, somewhere . (4) Process storage is a new word for waste storage. Those 51 tanks, each larger that the Georgia State Capitol Dome, contain reprocessing waste. Since they have not been emptied, their capacity is not available for process storage of UREX waste. However, they are there, and by the time the UREX facility, the MOX facility and the new advanced burner test reactor are up and running, I feel sure that DOE will have been able to build a pipeline into the Atlantic ocean, as France and Great Britain have done at their reprocessing facilities to pipe their nuclear waste into the sea. This is not my recommendation. There have been thousands of taxpayer funded studies on what to do with nuclear waste, yielding no solutions after more than 50 years. Since this administration's rationale for trying to revive reprocessing -- the dirtiest part of the nuclear fuel cycle -- is "France and England are doing it. Will we follow their model of handling their reprocessed waste? The Bush administration has eliminated all but one EPA library and has stopped electronic cataloging of EPA information. Who cares if we destroy the oceans? Because France and England have taken the sea-going route, should we? Family values seem to take a back seat under the nuclear revival. What about the increased birth defects, leukemias and other cancers as a result of radiation from every step of the nuclear fuel cycle -- from the mining, the milling, enrichment, abnormal events, occurrences and transients to the eventual burial of the highly lethal radwaste?. As for increasing Global energy security, reducing the risk of nuclear proliferation, and improving environmental quality, nuclear power and reprocessing are not the way to go. Think global sustainable energy, wind, tides, solar, biomass, and above all, energy efficiency. Coal-fired plants could use fluidized bed combustion to remove greenhouse gases. This technology was developed decades ago at Oak Ridge when DOE was ERDA and tested by TVA and Duke Power.. It no longer is discussed. But when it was developed, fluidized bed combustion was designed to be retrofitted on existing coal-fired plants. Burning coal in a bed of pulverized limestone captures the greenhouse gases and when the limestone is reprocessed, provides elements that can be used to produce fertilizer. Now that is REPROCESSING that master gardeners would approve of. Compare the costs of this untested technology, UREX, UREX Plus, or UREX Plus La, with fluidized bed combustion, Marine Ocean Turbines (tides) -- the latter successfully demonstrated in the UK, photovoltaic, a new designed solar panel just developed in Africa, to be produced by a German manufacturing company, and windmills, geothermal, other renewable sources of energy, and energy efficiency. All provide what you are giving as your reasons for pushing nuclear, at what could be a fraction of the cost if implemented on a mass scale. Plus, you'd have far greater public support. Unlike nuclear power, none requires the protection of a taxpayer subsidized Price Anderson Act. The purpose of this submission is not to recommend Savannah River Site, or any other site, for a demonstration or commercial reprocessing facility, but to point out the folly of offering still yet another enticement, called bribes by all but the recipients, for a failed technology. It costs too much, in dollars and in lives. Before Congress gives DOE any further funding for reprocessing, a complete Congressional investigation of the long and failed history of reprocessing amd attempted environmental cleanup at SRS should be conducted. Just how much will the entire GNEP cost, and how long will it take to implement? With global warming, we don't have time to wait that long. Respectfully submitted, Jeannine Honicker P. O. Box 637 LaGrange, Ga. 30241 djhonicker@msn.com _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 68 Knox News: Problems dog process at Y-12 Wet chemistry operations still not functioning full time By FRANK MUNGER, munger@knews.com March 28, 2006 OAK RIDGE - In late 2004, the Y-12 nuclear weapons plant celebrated the restart of "wet chemistry" operations - a set of six chemical processes essential for recycling stocks of bomb-grade uranium. It was the first time in a decade that the Oak Ridge plant had full use of its uranium capabilities. Since then, however, new problems have cropped up, and wet chemistry continues to be an on-again, off-again capability at Y-12 - much to the dismay of the plant's operators and overseers. "Over the past 14 months, equipment and safety basis issues continue to preclude these systems from achieving a sustained operational tempo," staff members of the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board said in a Feb. 17 memo. For instance, a pump failure prevented operation of the primary extraction system for six months, and persistent problems have resulted in a "significant backlog" of uranium solutions stored in tanks and bottles, the memo said. "These solutions are nearing the storage capacity for the Enriched Uranium Operations building," the staff said in a memo to the board's technical director in Washington, D.C. Steven Wyatt, a federal spokesman at Y-12, confirmed that that progress has been slowed because of "problems with old equipment and infrastructure." Wet chemistry processes are used to recover and purify quantities of enriched uranium, which is used in nuclear warheads. In response to questions, Wyatt said, "It is important that we get this operation up to speed to allow for reducing the backlog of stored uranium solution, but it is even more important to ensure that we resume these operations safely." Enriched uranium solutions must be kept in special containers and handled with care to prevent the nuclear material from reaching a critical state, with an uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction. Wyatt said there are "deliberate and controlled systems" in place to make sure that wet chemistry processes are resumed safely. He said BWXT, the government's managing contractor, has made progress in handling some of the materials and is looking at ways to improve the reliability of long-term operations at Y-12. Asked about the storage problems, Wyatt said the accumulation of uranium in solutions "limits the flexibility of the plant to respond to changes." But he said the storage situation has been analyzed and determined to be safe. Reducing the inventory of uranium in solutions will reduce the operational risks at Y-12, and that is a priority, Wyatt said. Senior writer Frank Munger may be reached at 865-342-6329. © 2006 - Knoxville News Sentinel ***************************************************************** 69 Knox News: ORNL, UT may help on project Bio-defense lab will test, develop vaccines By LARISA BRASS, brass@knews.com March 28, 2006 A joint bid by Kentucky and Tennessee on a planned $450 million federal bio-defense laboratory could potentially involve researchers and academicians from Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Tennessee. And, in an interesting turn, Ohio-based Battelle, which co-manages ORNL with UT, separately has partnered with the state of Mississippi in a bid for locating the facility there. The 500,000-square-foot National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility would be built by the Department of Homeland Security to the nation's highest safety designation, Biosafety Level 4. It would be used by researchers to probe and develop vaccines for some of the most dangerous diseases that can threaten livestock and human populations, such as Ebola and foot-and-mouth disease. The facility would employ about 400 people and have an annual payroll of $30 million. The University of Kentucky, UT and ORNL are part of the two-state consortium that announced last month it would bid on the project. The facility would be in rural Pulaski County, Ky., 12 miles north of Somerset and about a two-hour drive from Knoxville. More recently, Mississippi, in partnership with Battelle, announced its intent to bid. Bids are due by Friday. "As a national laboratory, ORNL is by law available to all teams," said John Doesburg, director of Homeland Security Programs for ORNL's National Security Directorate. He said ORNL and Battelle have set up "firewalls" between the teams so that no proprietary information crosses lines. Doesburg said the parties "purposely agreed in advance not to discuss it with Battelle management to avoid any conflict of interest. We have stuck to that agreement. Our team members are not aware of any lab involvement in the Battelle bid with Mississippi. We only know of the information ORNL has provided to the planners of the (National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility) site in Kentucky." But with the economic development mission of ORNL co-manager Battelle, does competing against its own lab for a national project create a conflict of interest? Tom McClain, Battelle's vice president for corporate communications, downplayed that concern. "Oak Ridge National Laboratory is a national resource, and as such they could be on multiple teams, and they as a national laboratory would have to affiliate with multiple teams nonexclusively. Labs are often asked to do that," McClain said. Such participation "is something we encourage we see that as the laboratory's role and something appropriate for them to do," he said. Also, because UT-Battelle LLC is a separate company from Battelle, Battelle is allowed by the federal government to bid on its own with the Mississippi proposal team, McClain said. Neither ORNL nor UT has made any financial or personnel commitments to the project, Doesburg said. "There's no commitments beyond the expression of interest in the project," he said, but potentially ORNL could, with its network of contacts in the research community, help staff such a facility and would likely carry out research there. An obvious tie-in with Oak Ridge would be the lab's mouse genetics facility, which uses a colony of more than 14,000 mice to do genetic research and testing for, among other things, resistance to disease. Doesburg said there also is work being done at ORNL specifically on zoonotic diseases - diseases that can be passed from animals to humans. Without bio-secure laboratory facilities, however, he said, such work is typically limited to simulation and computer modeling. "I think it will be helpful for us because there are areas of research you would like a facility with literally one-of-a-kind equipment that you might have the ability to do certain kinds of research," he said. "I think as all national labs, we work on national challenges and national problems. Access to facilities like these are very important." UT's contribution would primarily be in the area of veterinary medicine, said David Milhorn, UT vice president for research. Milhorn said he doesn't know exactly what the relationship between UT and the bio-research lab would be and whether, for example, there would be joint appointments or any UT faculty relocated to the new facility. "We're still at the very early stages of planning in how this would work out," he said. Federal officials will narrow the list of possible sites early this fall and choose a site in 2007. Construction will start in 2008 and should be finished by 2012. Milhorn said UT officials were just beginning to talk among themselves about the possibility of attracting the facility to Tennessee when the state was approached by representatives from Kentucky, who were already much farther along in the planning stages, he said. "I think we can combine our resources," he said. "They didn't have a vet school; we do. We both have significant interest in agriculture. (The potential site in Kentucky) is close to the Interstate, not close to a populated area." Milhorn quickly added that he wasn't concerned about danger from the proposed laboratory, which he said would be "very, very safe. "But you have community buy-in requirements," he said. "And they (Kentucky) had already started looking at that before we got into the game." Not all Kentuckians are buying in, however. Although touted as a catalyst for economic development and high-paying jobs, some locals close to the proposed lab site aren't thrilled with the project, and local papers have reported protests at public meetings and a petition circulating to can the initiative. The Lexington Herald-Leader quoted one local beef farmer saying: "I'm sure with all the government regulations, it's going to be safe. But it's just like putting a prison next door to your house. You don't know what kind of effect it's going to have." Business writer Larisa Brass may be reached at 865-342-6318. The Associated Press contributed to this report. BIOTERRORISM DEFENSE LAB + What is it? The National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, a 500,000 square-foot laboratory to study animal diseases and bioterrorism. + Who's building it? Department of Homeland Security. + Bids due: March 31 + Winner announced: Late 2006 + Facility construction: 2008-2012 + States to express interest: Kentucky and Tennessee (submitting joint proposal); Mississippi, Texas + Nearest proposed location: Pulaski County, Ky. + Partners: U.S. Rep. Hal Rogers, R-Somerset; Kentucky Gov. Ernie Fletcher; Tennessee Gov. Phil Bredesen; the universities of Kentucky, Louisville and Tennessee; the Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Kentucky Highlands Investment Corp.; the National Institute for Hometown Security; and the Southeast Kentucky Economic Development Corp. 2006 - Knoxville News Sentinel ***************************************************************** 70 KKTV: Rocky Flats Museum Rocky Flats museum gets land donation A rancher and developer is donating 1.4 acres near the former Rocky Flats plant for the Rocky Flats Cold War Museum. Museum board member Charles Church McKay recently donated the land, which is located between Golden and Boulder east of Colorado 93. McKay is the nephew of Marcus Church, whose land was purchased by the federal government in 1951 under threat of condemnation for the nuclear weapons plant. Board president Kim Grant says the donation was made on the condition that the museum be financed and ready for groundbreaking by January First, 2008. Cleanup of the site finished late last year and the government plans a wildlife refuge there. The museum is to document the historical, social, environmental and scientific aspects of the Rocky Flats Nuclear Weapons Plant and the Cold War. Gray Television Group, Inc. Copyright © 2002-2006 ***************************************************************** 71 DOE: DOE Conducts Energy Saving Assessment at W.L. Gore & Associates Facility in Elkton, MD March 28, 2006 WASHINGTON, D.C.  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced that, beginning today, a three-day industrial Energy Saving Assessment is taking place at the W.L. Gore & Associates facility in Elkton, Maryland, as part of the comprehensive national energy efficiency effort undertaken by the Bush Administration. Through no-cost assessments, DOE is working with major manufacturing facilities to identify energy- and money-saving opportunities, primarily by focusing on steam and process heating systems. President Bush has called on all Americans to be more energy efficient. Private industry is joining the federal government in taking a lead role in this effort, Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman said. DOEs Energy Saving Teams will play a key role in assessing and recommending energy efficiency strategies for some of the largest industrial facilities across the nation. W.L. Gore & Associates facility is a GORE-TEX fabrics plant and is in one of several campuses that make up Gores 17-plant presence in and around Elkton, MD, and Wilmington, Delaware. Perhaps best known for its consumer products like GORE-TEX® fabric and ELIXIR® guitar strings, W.L. Gore & Associates is a leading manufacturer of thousands of advanced technology products for the electronics, industrial, fabrics and medical markets. DOEs Energy Saving Teams have completed visits to 29 large federal facilities and are in the process of visiting 200 energy-intensive manufacturing facilities in the United States as part of the national Easy Ways to Save Energy campaign launched by Secretary Bodman on October 3, 2005. The first 18 energy saving assessments have identified, in aggregate, $61 million per year in potential energy cost savings and could reduce natural gas consumption by more than 7 trillion Btu per year, equivalent to the natural gas consumed by approximately 100,000 typical homes annually. Companies interested in a free energy assessment can get more details at http://www.eere.energy.gov/industry/saveenergynow/and request brochures detailing Fifteen Tips to Help Your Plant Save Energy. For tips on easy, inexpensive steps consumers can take to lower their energy bills, please visit http://www.energysavers.gov/ or call DOEs Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Hotline at 1-877-337-3463. Media contact(s): Chris Kielich, (202) 586-5806 [ ] U.S. Department of Energy | 1000 Independence Ave., SW | Washington, DC 20585 1-800-dial-DOE | f/202-586-4403 | ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************