***************************************************************** 07/06/05 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 13.154 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 [NYTr] Iran wants to break UN seals on frozen atomic parts 2 Guardian Unlimited: Iran's Top Nuclear Negotiator Resigns 3 BBC: Puzzle over Iran nuclear official 4 Xinhua: No timetable for restarting six-party talks - FM 5 US: du list: The latest on the DU bill in Connecticut: it's now 6 US: Port Townsend Leader: Letter: Stop use of DU weapons 7 London Times: New Energy Policies to Combat Climate Change - 8 Arms Control Association: Is There a Role for Nuclear Weapons Today? 9 Guardian Unlimited: Leaders to Begin Arriving at G-8 Summit NUCLEAR REACTORS 10 US: NRC: NRC to Meet with Nebraska Public Power District to Discuss 11 allAfrica.com: Nigeria: Nigeria Begins Nuclear Power Programme 12 US: JS Online: Dominion buys Kewaunee reactor 13 US: Wisconsin State Journal: Alliant selling power plants 14 US: Monticello Times: NRC asks for feedback 15 US: Arizona Republic: Risks of nuclear power not worth it NUCLEAR SECURITY 16 US: CBC Calgary: Stolen truck carrying radioactive material crashes NUCLEAR SAFETY 17 US: US NAS Study: No Safe Dose for Radiation 18 [du-list] Gulf War Health impacts Update 19 US: [du-list] OSHA seeks information on ionizing radiation health 20 US: BoiseWeekly: Downwinders Decry Senate's Choice to Revive Nuke Re NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 21 US: Sun Herald: Phosphate spill endangers once-thriving lake 22 US: Bradenton Herald: Tallevast well tests to start today 23 US: Times Argus: Radioactive waste a permanent issue 24 US: AU ABC: Minister silent on scientific basis for uranium mining b PEACE US DEPT. OF ENERGY 25 Tri-City Herald: Fluor delays 500 layoffs 26 Tri-City Herald: Vit plant price could near $10 billion 27 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Savannah 28 Casper Star Tribune: Idaho mulls plutonium project plans 29 Tri-Valley Herald: Lab waves security flag for mighty laser 30 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Idaho 31 lamonitor.com: Reports: Lower doses, but no floor for radiation risk 32 Times-News: Waste disposal still a question in DOE's plans for Idaho 33 Corvallis Gazette-Times: DOE plans hearings on plans for Idaho pluto 34 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Fernald 35 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Paducah ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 [NYTr] Iran wants to break UN seals on frozen atomic parts Date: Wed, 6 Jul 2005 16:45:52 -0500 (CDT) Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit Reuters via Yahoo - July 6, 2005 http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20050706/wl_nm/nuclear_iran_dc&printer=1;_ylt=AiFkmaU_j_KMasM97_7eBzln.3QA;_ylu=X3oDMTA3MXN1bHE0BHNlYwN0bWE- Iran wants to break UN seals on frozen atomic parts By Louis Charbonneau VIENNA (Reuters) - Iran has asked the U.N. nuclear watchdog to let it temporarily break U.N. seals on atomic equipment that has been mothballed under an agreement with the EU's three biggest powers, diplomats said on Wednesday. A senior Iranian official confirmed this was true but denied that it was a violation of its pledge to freeze all activities linked to the production of enriched-uranium fuel, a technology that can be used to in either atomic power plants or weapons. "The Iranians have approached the (U.N.) agency with a request to temporarily remove seals from a component at the UCF (Uranium Conversion Facility) in Isfahan to conduct a test on this component," a diplomat said on condition on anonymity. The United States and the European Union fear Iran is using its nuclear energy program as a front to develop nuclear weapons and have called on Iran to cease all sensitive atomic work. Tehran says its program is peaceful and refuses to give up its sovereign right to a full atomic program. The deputy head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organization, Mohammad Saeedi, confirmed what the diplomat said was true. But he told Reuters in Tehran that the move had nothing to do with the suspension Iran promised France, Britain and Germany it would maintain while the four countries negotiate a permanent nuclear settlement. "Iran's request to temporarily remove seals at some parts of the Isfahan's UCF facility is not related to the suspension," Saeedi told Reuters by telephone. "We have asked the (International Atomic Energy Agency) to let us remove the seal at some parts of the facility in the presence of the visiting IAEA inspectors. We want to test equipment there to check whether those are functional. It does not mean lifting the suspension," he said. "NOT A SIGNIFICANT BREACH" EU three diplomats have long said that testing of machinery used in the enrichment and conversion process should be frozen under a suspension agreement signed in Paris in November. A diplomat from one of the EU trio said it was unclear how they would react. "The odds are that we will see this as a maintenance operation that does not amount to a significant breach of the Paris Agreement," the diplomat said. A Western diplomat close to the IAEA agreed it would not break Iran's agreement with the EU. The diplomat who first informed Reuters about the Iranian request said it was "aimed at testing Europe's degree of flexibility toward Iran, and the strength of the seam line between the EU3 and the IAEA." The EU trio has promised to give the Iranians by the end of July or beginning of August a comprehensive offer of incentives in exchange for what they call "objective guarantees" that Tehran's nuclear program is for peaceful purposes only. The Europeans say this can only be a permanent cessation of all enrichment-related work, including the Isfahan UCF plant, which prepares raw uranium for enrichment. The Iranians, however, have said that increased inspections would provide sufficient guarantees. Separately, there was confusion in Iran regarding the future of Iran's top nuclear negotiator Hassan Rohani, with a close aide denying reports that he had resigned. Rumours over Rohani's fate began after hardline former Tehran mayor Mahmoud Ahmadinejad won Iran's June 24 presidential election. Many diplomats and analysts expect Ahmadinejad's new government to adopt a tougher nuclear policy stance with the EU. Also, several recent intelligence reports accuse North Korea of secretly helping Iran develop its nuclear program, raising fresh concerns about Pyongyang's nuclear proliferation and Tehran's atomic intentions. "There has been a significant improvement in relations between Iran and North Korea over the past few months," an intelligence report obtained from a non-U.S. diplomat said. (Additional reporting by Parisa Hafezi in Tehran) Copyright ) 2005 Reuters Limited. * ================================================================ .NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems . Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us . .339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org .List Archives: https://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ .Subscribe: https://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================ ***************************************************************** 2 Guardian Unlimited: Iran's Top Nuclear Negotiator Resigns From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday July 6, 2005 1:31 PM AP Photo VAH104 TEHRAN, Iran (AP) - Iran's top nuclear negotiator has resigned, the state news agency reported Wednesday, raising the prospect that the country's newly elected hard-line president will put forward a new team for fragile atomic talks with the Europeans. Hasan Rowhani submitted his resignation to the outgoing president, the Islamic Revolution News Agency reported. The new president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, is due to be inaugurated early next month. Rowhani was also the secretary of the powerful Supreme National Security Council and has been at the head of negotiations with Europe. He had expresses support for Ahmadinejad's more moderate opponent, Ayatollah Hashemi Rafsanjani, in last month's presidential elections. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 3 BBC: Puzzle over Iran nuclear official Last Updated: Wednesday, 6 July, 2005 [Hassan Rohani] Rohani is the public face of Iran's atomic programme The position of Iran's chief nuclear negotiator Hassan Rohani is uncertain after officials denied an official news agency report that he had resigned. Citing an "informed source", Irna said Mr Rohani had sent a resignation letter to President Mohammad Khatami. But officials from the Supreme National Security Council which Mr Rohani leads are quoted saying the report is false. Mr Rohani has led the Islamic state's often combative discussions with the European Union since October 2003. "It's a sheer lie. He has not resigned. Resigning at this time would be meaningless," SNSC spokesman Ali Agha Mohammadi is quoted as saying by Reuters news agency. The confusion comes nearly two weeks after the election in Iran of hardline President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Correspondents say there has been intense speculation in recent days about the future of Mr Rohani, who is believed to share the reformist agenda of the outgoing president. Unconfirmed reports in Iran say the new cabinet, which is expected to be announced soon, excludes all former ministers in the previous administration. Mr Ahmadinejad has said his government will continue Iran's nuclear programme - which the country says is purely peaceful and is needed to meet its energy needs. The US has accused Iran of using its atomic energy programme as a front to develop nuclear weapons. ***************************************************************** 4 Xinhua: No timetable for restarting six-party talks - FM www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2005-07-05 19:04:57 ¡¡[President Hu Jintao' visit to Russia is "fruitful", said Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao here Tuesday. ] BEIJING, July 5 (Xinhuanet) -- No timetable is expected for restarting the six-party talks on DPRK's nuclear issue, and all parties involved are still working for resuming the peace talks, said a Foreign Ministry spokesman on Tuesday. China welcomes recent contacts by the United States and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) in New York when the two parties attended an academic conference on northeast Asian security, said the spokesman Liu Jianchao at a regular press briefing. "The contact is helpful to promote understanding between the United States and DPRK," he said. "We hope all relevant parties, especially the United States and DPRK, can increase contacts, release more positive signals, sincerely push the peace talks process in a flexible, constructiveand pragmatic way, so as to create a favorable condition for resuming talks at an early date," he said. The academic conference, held between June 30 to July 1, was co-hosted by the National Committee on American Foreign Policy (NCAFP) and the DPRK Institute of Disarmament and Peace. The officials discussed the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula during the meeting, which, according to a press release at the end of the meeting, was the third such conference co-hostedby the two organizations. Conference participants agreed that discussions were frank and constructive and they are optimistic that the DPRK will return to the six-party talks. By June last year, three rounds of the six-party talks, which involved the DPRK, Republic of Korea, the United States, China, Japan and Russia, had been held. To revive the talks, officials from the United States and the DPRK held negotiations last November, December and this May respectively through "New York channel". EU leader to visit China At the invitation of Chinese government, Jose Manuel Barroso, President of EU Commission, will pay an official visit to China from July 14 to 18, said Liu Jianchao. Liu said, it is Barroso's first visit to China as president of EU Commission. During his visit, Premier Wen Jiabao will hold talks with him. The two sides will exchange views on issues of common concern, including EU's recognition of China's full market economy status and the lifting of EU's arms embargo on China. Besides Beijing, Barroso will visit Shanghai, Macao and Hong Kong. "We welcome Barroso's visit to China, and expect to exchange ideas with him on deepening mutually-beneficial cooperation," Liu said. Indonesian President to visit China Liu Jianchao also announced that Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono will pay a state visit to China from July 13 to 16 at the invitation of his Chinese counterpart Hu Jintao. Liu said that China and Indonesia, as two good neighbors, always enjoy good bilateral relations, withexchanges of high-level visits being more frequent as well as mutual understanding and trust continuously deepening. President Hu Jintao made a successful visit to Indonesia April this year. During the visit, Hu sand Susilo signed a joint declaration on strategic partnership between China and Indonesia, pushing the Sino-Indonesian relations to a new high. "China is satisfied with the development of Sino-Indonesian relations," Liu said. According to the spokesman, bilateral trade volume between the two countries reached 13.48 billion US dollars last year, a recordhigh in history. The first five months of this year has witnessed a bilateral trade volume of 6.7 billion US dollars, up 37 percentyear-on-year. The two sides also expanded their cooperation in such fields asscience, technology, culture, military and security, made active civilian exchanges, and maintained close coordination in international and regional affairs, especially in issues concerning promoting regional cooperation and safeguarding interests of developing countries, the spokesman said. Liu said that during President Susilo's upcoming visit, Chineseleaders will exchange views with him on expanding the friendly cooperation between the two sides, and a series of documents on economic and trade cooperation will be signed. President Hu's Russia tour fruitful President Hu Jintao' visit to Russia is "fruitful", Liu commented. "This fruitful visit is conducive for both sides to deepening political trust, to strengthening strategic cooperation, to increasing economic and trade cooperation, to enhancing coordination in international and regional affairs, to further promoting the development of China-Russia strategic partnership ofcooperation," said Liu. President Hu paid a state visit to Russia from June 30 to July 3 at the invitation of his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin. Liu briefed a regular press conference on the general situation of Hu's Russia tour. During this visit, the two sides issued a joint statement on a new world order in the 21st century and a joint communique,signed some documents on cooperation in finance, energy and electric power, and decided to hold the Russia year in China in 2006 and the China year in Russia in 2007. As to the energy cooperation, the two sides agreed that it is of great importance to enforce bilateral cooperation in the energy field. They decided to further implement the cooperation projects in the fields of oil and natural gas, including the construction of an oil pipeline and joint exploitation of oil fields in both countries. The cooperation agreements on oil, natural gas and electric power signed at the summit of Hu and Putin marked a new step in energy cooperation between the two countries, the communique said. According to the agreement reached by the two leaders, before finishing the construction of the oil pipeline, the Russian side promised to provide China with crude oil, transported through railway, of 10 million tons this year and 15 million next year. Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 5 du list: The latest on the DU bill in Connecticut: it's now Date: Wed, 06 Jul 2005 14:56:44 -0700 -------- Original Message -------- Subject: The latest on the DU bill in Connecticut: it's now the L A W! Date: Wed, 6 Jul 2005 13:30:32 -0400 From: Williams, Dennie To: undisclosed-recipients:; ***_http://www.courant.com/news/local/hc-dutestslaw0706.artjul06,0,2413579.story_********* *State Challenging Tests For Depleted Uranium* By THOMAS D. WILLIAMS Courant Staff Writer July 6 2005 Connecticut is now the second state in the nation to challenge the validity of the tests the federal government uses to check military personnel for ingested or inhaled depleted uranium dust from U.S. munitions explosions. The new law requires the state adjutant general and the veterans' affairs commissioner to assist Connecticut guardsmen and veterans in obtaining "a best practice health screening test for exposure to depleted uranium." Last month, Louisiana passed similar, less detailed legislation demanding better depleted uranium testing paid for by the federal government. Connecticut's bill, signed by Gov. Jodi Rell last week, requires the state adjutant general to train guardsmen so they can adequately determine whether they have been exposed to the dust. It sets up a task force to study the health effects of depleted uranium and other hazards wartime service members have been exposed to since August 1990. And it requires a registry of sick veterans, a plan to help them and a report on the task force's operations by the end of January. Before it became law, the Connecticut bill bounced around from committee to committee and its wording was changed several times, but it retained one of its central purposes. It challenges a Pentagon and U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs urine testing program that some health experts insist is insufficient to detect the effects of depleted uranium, and that advocates say has tested only a relative few of those exposed to the dust. One New Haven veteran, Melissa Sterry, 42, a former U.S. Army Specialist, who said she suffered multiple illnesses as a result of cleaning tanks and other vehicles during the first Persian Gulf War, lobbied the bill at every turn. On several occasions, Sterry thought the bill was dead. "I'm just stunned. I think it is great!" Sterry said Tuesday when she was told Rell had signed the bill. "I'm ecstatic that Connecticut has chosen to lead the nation in proactive caring for veterans." State Rep. Roger Michele, a Bristol Democrat and a veteran of the Vietnam War, who shepherded the bill through its final stages, said: "I remember Agent Orange and the problems our veterans had fighting to get health care through the federal bureaucracy. DU is the Agent Orange of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. And our soldiers have made enough sacrifices while risking their lives over there. We need to support them here in saving their lives." Two legislators initially proposed separate portions of the bill. State Rep. Patricia Dillon, D-New Haven, called for scientific testing of those exposed to depleted uranium dust, while State Sen. Gayle Slossberg, D-West Haven, chair of the Veterans Committee, proposed the task force to supervise efforts at helping veterans. "I'm thrilled. I think it is a good step forward," said Slossberg, who added that the state has to increase its efforts to help veterans as federal health services are eliminated. Dillon could not be reached for comment Tuesday. Many veterans' advocates say thousands of service members in both Iraq wars and the war in Afghanistan have become seriously ill from the dust from the explosions of the DU munitions. The dust was created from tons of U.S. and British ammunition and bombs used during those conflicts and in the Balkan wars, as well as by the United States in Afghanistan. It can be blown for hundreds of miles. If inhaled or ingested, it can cause a host of maladies including cancers, kidney disease and birth defects. /Copyright 2005, //_Hartford Courant_/ // Picture (Metafile) [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 6 Port Townsend Leader: Letter: Stop use of DU weapons Wednesday, July 06, 2005 Editor, Leader: Thanks for your article on the efforts of local citizens to encourage the labeling of depleted uranium (DU) munitions as radioactive materials. I wish you would have included more background information so your readers could grasp the significance of the proper labeling of these extraordinarily hazardous materials. DU remains toxic for millions of years. When it is inhaled or ingested there is no dose too small to cause harm. Wherever it has been used there has been an increase in multiple cancers and birth defects. While there is some debate about just how toxic depleted uranium is, there is no question that its use poses long-term health and environmental risks to innocent bystanders. The United Nations Subcommission on Human Rights decided that DU violates the Geneva Conventions and the humanitarian laws for armed conflict. Under international law, there are a number of minimum requirements to remedy violations of the Geneva Conventions. First is compensation for the victims. Another is full disclosure of all facts about the weapons, their development and deployment. The users of these weapons are also obliged to carry out an effective cleanup or reimburse the aggrieved state equal to the loss of those lands and waters. States must try people alleged to have committed serious violations of humanitarian laws. No state can absolve itself from liability for serious violations. The greatest danger we face from DU is not the hazards of transporting or handling it; the greatest risk to our community is the blatant disregard for international law by those responsible for bringing it into our community in the first place. If we disagree with international laws we should work to change the system rather than taking the law into our own hands. Our military and political leaders of both parties have created a permissive atmosphere where anything goes and the end justifies the means – an atmosphere of lawlessness where there is no longer respect for the fundamental moral principles common to all belief systems that led to the international agreements on what is proper conduct during war. It's unconscionable that our leaders have allowed these people to create such monstrous weapons. Our duty is clear. We must join the law-abiding citizens of the world in putting an end to the use of DU munitions, make amends, and send a clear message to our political, corporate and military leaders that we will not tolerate such behavior and prosecute those responsible for war crimes. JOHN BARR Port Townsend The Leader OnLine©2005 Port Townsend &Jefferson County Leader 226 Adams St, Port Townsend, Washington 98368, USA Phone: (360) 385-2900  Fax: (360) 385-3422 Contact info: Interact with Staff Web Administrator: Fred Obee Software © 1998-2005 1up! Software, All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 7 London Times: New Energy Policies to Combat Climate Change - Climate change has been high on the agenda of the International Energy Agency (IEA) and of its member countries for years. This is not surprising as 80 per cent of greenhouse gases are emitted through energy production or consumption. The answers to climate change lie in both energy and environmental policies. And the response has to be on a global scale. Tony Blair recognised this strong link when he invited the IEA to participate in discussions between the G8 and the outreach countries (Brazil, China, India, Mexico and South Africa) on climate change and other global economic issues. The starting point for the international effort against global warming is the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which has been signed by almost all countries and which came into effect in 1994. Its ultimate goal is to stabilise the CO2 content of the atmosphere by sharply reducing CO2 emissions worldwide. Are we on track? Unfortunately not, far from it. According to recent IEA analysis in the World Energy Outlook 2004, continuing to do business as usual leads to a 60 per cent increase of CO2 emissions by 2030. It is the result of more world inhabitants, more energy consumption per capita and more fossil fuels in the energy mix. Most of the growth in emissions over the next 25 years will occur in developing countries, yet 1.4 billion people will still not have access to electricity in 2030. Can we curb such disastrous trends in a way consistent with the need for economic growth and poverty alleviation? The need for action is urgent. Any ton of carbon dioxide we do not emit today is a ton our grandchildren will not have to deal with in the future, probably at much higher costs. In the meantime countries will need to deal with the effects of climate change which will also pose a burden on their economies. We need to start today. But how? In the long term, there is general agreement that significant technology breakthroughs will be needed to solve the problem. Breakthroughs are needed in a number of domains: cost-effective renewables, particularly cheap photovoltaics and advanced biofuels; nuclear, with an acceptable solution for nuclear waste management; energy transportation and use, especially in cars and buildings; and last but not least carbon capture and sequestration, as there is no foreseeable replacement for fossil fuels for quite some time. Hydrogen used in fuel cells is another promising technology. Governments must actively promote and support energy research and development budgets, and increase cooperative work, both among countries and with the industry. That means not only reversing present trends of shrinking public R budgets, but committing more funding and increasing the budgets. Governments should avoid prematurely picking "winning" technologies. For the time being all avenues will need to be explored and there is no silver bullet. No single energy source should be idealised or demonised. Obviously some technologies seem more promising than others. They should be identified and more efforts should be targeted in these areas, but eventually the winners will be selected by the market. But in the shorter term, there are steps we can take today. In its World Energy Outlook 2004, the IEA produced a so-called "Alternative Scenario" based on more aggressive policies and technology uptake. This scenario merely supposes that the energy mix worldwide includes a little more renewables, a little more nuclear and, most important, that energy efficiency improvements reach again the pace they achieved in the 1970s and 1980s. These measures would still not stabilise global emissions, and more would need to be done. Nevertheless, the result is impressive: CO2 emissions in the OECD begin to decline in 2020 and by 2030 are 16 per cent lower than the business as usual scenario - some 50 billion tons of CO2 could be avoided by 2030. Much of this is achieved through greater energy efficiency. For example, if OECD households chose more efficient appliances, they could save 30 per cent of the power consumed by OECD appliances. There is also significant potential for energy savings in transport, buildings and industry (including coal-fired power plants), especially in developing economies. That is not all. Energy efficiency is a policy with double or even triple dividends. While reducing CO2 emissions, it improves energy security of supply as well and, when available at zero or negative costs, it contributes to economic growth. For example, oil saving can help ease the pressures in the oil market by slowing demand and, according to our analysis, help to dampen oil prices by up to 15 per cent. That is certainly the reason why the governments in most consuming countries have now put energy efficiency among their top priorities. Speaking at the U.S. Energy Efficiency Forum on 15 June, President Bush stated "The first step is … to improve conservation and efficiency". Gathering for their biennial meeting on 3 May, energy ministers from the IEA member countries committed to reinforcing their efficiency efforts. The G8 Summit agenda is a very timely opportunity to emphasise these commitments and to explore ways of implementing them. But nothing can be achieved within G8 or OECD countries alone. The challenge of climate change needs to be addressed worldwide, taking into account the concerns of developing countries. We must not miss this opportunity! The IEA is an intergovernmental body committed to advancing security of energy supply, economic growth and environmental sustainability through energy policy co-operation http://www.iea.org Times Online, The Times and The Sunday Times. ***************************************************************** 8 Arms Control Association: Is There a Role for Nuclear Weapons Today? More than a dozen years after the end of the Cold War, the frozen nuclear strategies of that conflict have begun to thaw. Russia is itching to make further cuts in its strategic forces. Several European countries have opened a debate on whether tactical nuclear weapons are still needed on that continent, and the U.S. Congress may appoint a civilian commission to look at nuclear policy, force structure, weapons readiness, and estimates of likely threats. I think the time is now for a thoughtful and open debate on the role of nuclear weapons in our countrys national security strategy, Rep. David Hobson (R-Ohio) said earlier this year. We agree. Rather than the product of a well-thought-out but grave security logic, todays nuclear weapons arsenals often seem the product of inertia and inattention on the part of policymakers. Few leaders in the United States or elsewhere have stepped back from todays altered security landscape to ask what purpose, if any, these weapons serve now. Arms Control Today asked six global leaders and policy practitioners to respond to the question, Do nuclear weapons serve a purpose today, and if so, what is it? Their answers follow. + President Mikhail Gorbachev + John P. Holdren + Ambassador Henrik Salander + Frank Miller + Judge C. G. Weeramantry + Major General William F. Burns (Ret.) The Arms Control Association is a non-profit, membership-based organization. If you find our resources useful, please consider joining or making a contribution. Arms Control Today encourages reprint of its articles with permission of the Editor. © 2005 Arms Control Association, 1150 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 620 Washington, DC 20036 Tel: (202) 463-8270 | Fax: (202) 463-8273 ***************************************************************** 9 Guardian Unlimited: Leaders to Begin Arriving at G-8 Summit From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday July 6, 2005 12:46 PM AP Photo XMS111 By MARTIN CRUTSINGER AP Economics Writer GLENEAGLES, Scotland (AP) - Compromise appeared within reach on Wednesday among the world's most industrialized nations on relieving Africa's crushing poverty and combating global warming. President Bush and other leaders of the Group of Eight nations were to begin arriving at this posh golf resort. Their three days of annual discussions were beginning over dinner at the Gleneagles hotel. Protesters who have vowed to disrupt the summit were already in place. A group of about 100 activists smashed car windows, threw rocks and attempted to blockade one of the main roads leading to this luxury resort, prompting police to call off a protest march in a nearby village on the grounds public safety could not be guaranteed. Police with armor, helmets and shields formed a chain across the closed main highway to Gleneagles from the Scottish capital of Edinburgh. Leaders' aides, meanwhile, met behind closed doors on the two issues British Prime Minister Tony Blair has made the main focus of this year's summit. Bush cleared the way for one compromise when he pledged last week to double U.S. support for Africa to more than $8.6 billion by 2010, up from the $4.3 billion the United States provided last year. That amount wouldn't nearly meet Blair's target for summit nations to increase Africa aid to 0.7 percent of their gross national product, but still would be far higher than any previous U.S. administration's commitment. Bush, stopping in Denmark on the way to Scotland, warned that he would emphasize the need for African nations to commit to good governance. ``I don't know how we can look our taxpayers in the eye and say, this is a good deal to give money to countries that are corrupt,'' he said. ``What were interested in ... is helping people and, therefore, we have said that well give aid, absolutely, well cancel debt, you bet. But we want to make sure that the governments invest in their people, invest in the health of their people, the education of their people and fight corruption.'' Compromise has proven even tougher on Blair's other key issue, developing a plan to curb emissions of greenhouse gases, with U.S. officials lobbying behind the scenes against setting any specific goals or timetables for emission reductions as called for in the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. Sir Michael Jay, Blair's representative in the discussions, called the negotiations ``pretty intense.'' He predicted the G-8 would reach an accord that recognized the problem and the need to combat it. The United States is the only G-8 country that has not ratified the Kyoto Protocol. The United States has been at odds with most of the other nations regarding global warming, saying further study is needed about scientific findings on climate change. Bush said in Denmark that ``the surface of the Earth is warmer and that an increase in greenhouse gases caused by humans is contributing to the problem.'' However, he made plain that mandatory targets are off the table. He referred repeatedly to the Kyoto treaty in the past tense, even though it took effect in February, and said the goal for his plan is to control greenhouse gases merely ``as best as possible.'' Bush said he ``can't wait'' to talk with summit colleagues about the United States' alternative proposed approach, which stresses spreading clean-energy technologies to both developed and developing nations. ``I think there's a better way forward,'' Bush said. ``I would call it the post-Kyoto era, where we can work together to share technologies.'' Blair was expected to try to salvage the climate change issue by shifting debate away from disagreements with the United States and toward gaining support for emission controls in China. The country's surging economy has made it the world's second biggest producer of greenhouse gases after the United States. In addition to boosting aid for Africa, the G-8 leaders were expected to endorse a deal their finance ministers reached in June to wipe out $40 billion in debt that 18 poor countries - 14 of them in Africa - owe international lending agencies including the World Bank. Blair also was pushing the rich nations to reach agreement on cutting the farm subsidies that they give their farmers but which depress imports from poor nations. Bush has said the best way to deal with agricultural subsidies is for Europe and the United States to jointly agree to get rid of them through the Doha Round of global trade talks. This year's G-8 talks at an 850-acre resort marked the third consecutive summit held at remote, sealed-off locales. Those decisions followed the 2001 summit in Genoa, Italy, when hundreds of thousands of protesters clashed violently with police. In addition to the two key issues Blair selected, the discussions are expected to cover the world's political hot spots, from Iraq to the Middle East peace process and the nuclear ambitions of Iran and North Korea. Energy was also expected to occupy discussion time as leaders grapple with ways to halt a surge that has pushed global oil prices to unprecedented heights, briefly topping $60 per barrel, and threatening to slow the global economy. Chinese President Hu Jintao and the leaders of India, Brazil, Mexico and South Africa will meet with the G-8 on Thursday while leaders of several African countries will hold talks with the leaders on Friday. The G-8 comprises the U.S., Canada, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and Russia. --- On the Net: U.S. on G-8: http://usinfo.org/usia/usinfo.state.gov/topical/econ/group8/g8wha t.h tm Answers.com on G-8: http://www.answers.com/topic/g8-1 Gleneagles Hotel: http://www.gleneagles.com Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 10 NRC: NRC to Meet with Nebraska Public Power District to Discuss March 14 Fire at Cooper Nuclear Station News Release - Region IV - 2005-02 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region IV No. IV-05-027 July 6, 2005 CONTACT: Victor Dricks Phone: 817-860-8128 E-mail: opa4@nrc.gov Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff will meet with representatives of the Nebraska Public Power District (NPPD) on July 13, to discuss the companys response to a fire that occurred at the Cooper Nuclear Station on March 14. The meeting will begin at noon in the NRCs Region IV office in Arlington, Texas. The public is invited to observe the meeting and will have one or more opportunities to communicate with the NRC after the business portion, but before the meeting is adjourned. Persons interested in participating in the meeting via telephone can do so by calling (800) 952-9677 and asking to be transferred to the meeting. NPPD asked the NRC for an opportunity to provide its perspective on a non-cited violation regarding failure to properly implement its emergency response plan during a March 14 fire that occurred in part of the radiologically controlled area used as a storage and machine shop. The NRC determined that NPPD failed to declare the fire an Unusual Event, as called for in its emergency plan, because it took more than 10 minutes to extinguish. It is important that licensees appropriately classify emergencies as well as respond to them effectively, said Bruce S. Mallet, NRC Region IV Administrator. NPPD disagreed with the NRCs conclusions and requested a meeting to discuss the issues. Last revised Wednesday, July 06, 2005 ***************************************************************** 11 allAfrica.com: Nigeria: Nigeria Begins Nuclear Power Programme This Day (Lagos) Posted to the web July 6, 2005 Onyebuchi Ezigbo Abuja Nigeria and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), have taken the first major step towards the actualisation of the country's nuclear power programme. The Federal Government was said to have commenced discussions early this week with the delegation from IAEA, which would lead to the establishment of ground rules for cooperation on the implementation of the nuclear programme. Director of the Department of Technical Cooperation of the IAEA, Dr Vincent Nkong-Njock, who confirmed the latest bilateral engagement at the opening of a workshop for the public presentation of Nigeria's Energy Policy in Abuja, said already, a team of experts from the organisation are engaged in discussions with relevant government authorities on the development of nuclear power in the country. Minister of Science and Technology, Professor Turner Isoun, said government isplans to generate about 2000 Mega Watts from nuclear energy system in the near future. Njock said consultation between Nigeria and the IAEA is the outcome of the visit of the Director General of the Agency to the country early this year, in which Nigeria government sought for assistance in that direction. "IAEA team is in Nigeria this week to discuss with competent authorities the development of technical cooperation with Nigeria in the area of Sustainable Energy Development and assist the country in its further work towards introducing Nuclear Power in Nigeria", he said. He said the adoption of nuclear energy has some global implications that requires multilateral technical cooperation within the framework of the IAEA. He lamented that Nigeria has an un-acceptable low level of power output, posing as the bane to National development, adding that with 4000 Megawatts of electricity produced by NEPA, "per capita consumption of electricity in Nigeria is only about 70 kilowatt-hours per year. "This translates to an average availability of 8 watts less than a normal light of a bulb", he said. Njock said the situation requires the establishment of cost-effective and friendly-environmental systems of energy production which nuclear energy can play an important role. The IAEA scribe noted that apart from the popular role of ensuring the security of nuclear materials and safety of nuclear installations, the international body provides assistance to developing countries to the tune of $100 million annually under a technical cooperation programme. He said that the Nigeria's situation needs urgent intervention; hence the deployment of Nuclear Energy to augment the present level is now imperative. In his remarks, the Minister of Science and Technology, Professor Turner T. Isoun collaborated that Nigeria government has actually asked the IAEA to help in establishing a Nuclear power plant that would generate 200 mega watt of electricity for the country. The Minister said that government is devoting lots of its funds to boosting power infrastructure, especially that of Transmission. "We would use most of the money saved in debt cancellation to build a viable transmission infrastructure," he said The Paris Club has last week written off $18 billion dollar of Nigeria's debt. Presidential Adviser to the President on Petroleum and Energy maters, Dr. Edmund Daukoru, listed wind, solar, tidal waves energy as some of the various alternatives to oil and gas, which FG is interested in exploiting. He said that communities living within the 15 estuaries of the Niger Delta could benefit from the Tidal wave energy if harnessed. Copyright © 2005 This Day. All rights reserved. Distributed by AllAfrica Global Media (allAfrica.com). Click here to contact ***************************************************************** 12 JS Online: Dominion buys Kewaunee reactor At $191.5 million, plant fetches 13% less than expected By THOMAS CONTENT tcontent@journalsentinel.com Posted: July 5, 2005 More than four months after the Kewaunee nuclear plant shut down, the reactor was finally sold on Tuesday - for a lower price. The selling price was $191.5 million, or 13% lower than the $220 million that was expected when the deal to sell the reactor to Dominion Resources Inc. of Richmond, Va., was announced in November 2003. The original sale price was subject to closing adjustments, including costs relating to the reactor downtime and other expenses, said Charlie Schrock, president of generation at Wisconsin Public Service Corp., which was the majority owner of the plant until Tuesday. The Kewaunee plant was offline since mid-February to fix backup cooling systems and other problems. The shutdown was originally scheduled to last until the end of April but continued until this weekend. The reactor started up on Saturday and reached full power on Monday, officials said. The sale of the plant was challenged by consumer groups in Wisconsin that claimed it wasn't in the public interest. The groups worry about the precedent being set by a utility selling off a regulated power plant, and they claimed customers who paid for the plant through electric rates will lose out on the chance to reap profits from the sale of low-cost nuclear power into the new wholesale power market. Dominion said Tuesday it was pleased to complete the deal and that it was starting to study ways of extending the life of the reactor by 20 more years. The plant's operating license, which transferred to Dominion, expires in 2013. But Dominion is expected to apply to keep operating the plant until 2034. The sale continues a trend of consolidation in the nuclear industry, with reactors being bought by a handful of energy companies that include Dominion, FPL Group and Exelon Corp. Companies such as Wisconsin Public Service and Madison-based Wisconsin Power &Light Co. say the risks of owning a nuclear plant given the heightened scrutiny of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the unpredictability of shutting down aging reactors as reasons for selling the plant. Separately, Alliant Energy Corp., Wisconsin Power &Light's parent company, said Tuesday it had reached a deal to sell the 598-megawatt Duane Arnold Energy Center to an FPL Group subsidiary for $387 million. The deal to sell that reactor, near Cedar Rapids, Iowa, must be approved by regulators in Wisconsin and two other states but is expected to be finalized late this year or early next year, Alliant said. Opponents to the Kewaunee sale said they plan to keep fighting the deal in a lawsuit pending in Dane County Circuit Court that could be decided by early next year. "We think, in the end, that the court will agree with us that the record in the case will show that this surrender of state jurisdiction is not in the public interest," said Dave Benforado, president of the Municipal Electric Utilities of Wisconsin, a group that sued to stop the sale. The state Public Service Commission first rejected the sale as contrary to the public interest and then reversed itself earlier this year and endorsed the deal based on changes proposed by Dominion. Schrock said Tuesday "it's hard to argue that the sale is not in the public interest" given the return of decommissioning funds to customers and "price certainty through 2012 at a cost approximately what the state utilities projected under continued ownership" of Kewaunee. The Wisconsin utilities said the cost of the Kewaunee shutdown that just ended would have been borne by Dominion rather than Wisconsin customers if the deal had closed sooner. For Wisconsin Power &Light, those costs totaled more than $26 million through last week, said Janice Mathis, that utility's spokeswoman. WPS has estimated its higher costs linked to the shutdown at $35 million to $45 million. From the July 6, 2005, editions of the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Copyright 2005, Journal Sentinel Inc. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 13 Wisconsin State Journal: Alliant selling power plants www.madison.com 00:00 am 7/06/05 Judy Newman Wisconsin State Journal [The Kewaunee nuclear power plant changed hands Tuesday and is now owned by Dominion Resources, a Virginia energy company. The 568-megawatt re� actor also returned to service over the weekend for the first time since Feb. 20. � � ] The Kewaunee nuclear power plant changed hands Tuesday and is now owned by Dominion Resources, a Virginia energy company. The 568-megawatt re� actor also returned to service over the weekend for the first time since Feb. 20. � � (Tim Swoboda -- Manitowoc Herald Times) Alliant Energy Corp.'s stable of assets is shrinking again, with one nuclear power plant sold, another snaring a buyer and the company's investments in China going up for sale. • The Kewaunee nuclear power plant, back at full power Monday for the first time in 4 months, changed hands Tuesday. Dominion Resources, Richmond, Va., bought the 568- megawatt reactor for $191.5 million from Alliant subsidiary Wisconsin Power & Light Co. of Madison, and Wisconsin Public Service Corp., part of WPS Resources Corp. of Green Bay. "We think it's a great asset and we think that the people working there are very professional," said Dominion spokesman Richard Zuercher. Some of the plant's backup systems had to be modified, creating the lengthy outage, Alliant spokeswoman Janice Mathis said. Kewaunee's license expires in 2013. "Our intent is to seek to renew the license for an additional 20 years," Zuercher said. He said Dominion has no plans to build another nuclear reactor at the site in Carlton, nine miles south of Kewaunee. The Citizens Utility Board blasted the sale. "If this sale isn't overthrown by the courts, WPS and WPL will have signed over Wisconsin's nuclear future to an out-of-state corporation that will run Kewaunee for profit rather than to preserve the reliability of Wisconsin's electric system," said CUB executive director Charlie Higley, in a written statement. • FPL Energy, Juno Beach, Fla., said Tuesday it will buy Alliant's 70 percent stake in the Duane Arnold nuclear plant near Cedar Rapids, Iowa, for $380 million. FPL already has several holdings in the Midwest, including a wind farm in Montfort. • Alliant plans to sell its power plants in China by June 2006, the company said Tuesday, but may get only half of what they're worth. That's largely because of the rising cost of coal in China and the Chinese government's lack of action to pass along part of the expense to customers, Alliant spokesman Scott Smith said. Alliant's 11 Chinese power plants were valued at $192 million as of March 31. "We evaluated a number of alternatives and determined that exiting the China generation market was in the long-term interests of our shareowners," said president and chief executive officer Bill Harvey in a written statement. "They had no business being in those markets," said Mason Carpenter, professor of strategic management at the UW- Madison School of Business. "It's just another example of U.S. hubris when investing abroad," he said. "It's a huge market, very attractive, so it's very seductive, like a trap." Alliant said it will use the proceeds to reduce debt at Alliant Energy Resources, the subsidiary that oversees nonregulated businesses. Dave Parker, senior utilities analyst at Robert W. Baird & Co., said all three moves are good news. "Alliant has, historically, made good money on its China investment," but conditions have changed, he said. Parker maintains an "outperform" rating on Alliant with a $30 price target. Alliant shares closed at $28.61 a share, up 16 cents. Contact reporter Judy Newman at jdnewman@madison.comor 252-6156. Copyright © 2005 Wisconsin State Journal ***************************************************************** 14 Monticello Times: NRC asks for feedback www.monticellotimes.com July 06, 2005 Meeting allowed public comments on plant study Eric O'Link News Editor The Nuclear Regulatory Commission came to Monticello last week, looking for public input about its environmental review of Monticello’s nuclear power plant. Representatives of the NRC were in Monticello to conduct a site review of Monticello Nuclear Gener-ating Plant. They also hosted two public meetings Thursday, seeking comments about what the NRC should include in the scope of its environmental impact statement (EIS). The EIS is being prepared in preparation of the NRC’s decision to renew the operating license for the plant’s reactor. Jennifer Davis, the project manager for the environmental review portion of the license application, told those at the meeting that the NRC is asking the public for suggestions of environmental issues that should be considered as part of the NRC’s review. Those issues would then be addressed in the NRC’s environmental impact statement, which asks, “Is license renewal acceptable from an environmental standpoint?” Davis said. Davis said she, other NRC officials and scientists from a few national laboratories conducted a site study at the plant Tuesday and Wednes-day, June 28 and 29. Thursday’s afternoon and evening meetings–where the NRC presented identical information and asked for public comment–were the other part of that information gathering process. “This meeting is part of the public’s participation process in our environmental review,” Davis said. “We do consider all comments that we receive from the public.” Seeking license extension The meeting, not the first to convene in Monticello this year, is part of the NRC’s review process to renew the operating license for the plant’s reactor. The 40-year license for the plant, which was built in 1971, expires in 2010. Minneapolis-based Xcel Energy, which owns the plant, and Nuclear Management Co., which operates it, are seeking a 20-year extension of the license. Hudson, Wis.-based NMC officially filed its renewal application earlier this year. In a separate process, the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission is reviewing Xcel’s request for dry-cask waste storage on the site. The plant cannot continue to operate beyond 2010 without the cask storage. Decisions on both the license renewal and dry cask storage are expected in 2007. Nationwide, NRC officials said 32 plants at 18 sites have completed the re-licensing process. All plants that have been through the entire review process have had their requests for license renewal approved, said Andrew Kugler, chief of the NRC’s environmental impact section. Kugler attended and spoke at Thursday’s meetings. He added that two plants that began the license renewal process did not complete it. One application was returned after some review. “We did not feel it was technically adequate,” Kugler said. He expected it would be submitted again at a later date. The other plant’s application is indefinitely on hold because information crucial to the application process was not readily available, Kugler said. While both Kugler and Davis offered some explanation of the NRC’s environmental review process Thursday, the primary purpose of the meetings was to allow comments. Statements came from all sides, including NMC, Xcel Energy, the City of Monticello and people representing environmental organizations. Tom Palmisano, site vice president at the Monticello plant, said that the mission of everyone at MNGP is to provide safe, reliable operation of the plant. He said MNGP is more than just a power plant, but part of the community with contribution to and support of community organizations and initiatives. “The plant has been a productive contributor to the energy needs for the state of Minnesota,” he said. He added that consideration of the environmental was important at the plant. “Monticello is a strong supporter of the environment,” Palmisano said. “We take great care in our daily efforts to ensure the environment is protected.” John Grubb, director of engineering at Monticello, said the plant would continue to focus on being a good neighbor to the community and a good steward of the environment–and operating safely. “We have consistently demonstrated our ability to protect the health and safety of the public and our employees,” Grubb said. Both Palmisano and Grubb said they believed the plant was secure and continually working to improve security, investing millions of dollars in new equipment. Supporting renewal Kent Larson, Xcel Energy’s vice president of jurisdictions, expressed support for the license renewal. He told those present that Monticello and Prairie Island, Minnesota’s other nuclear power plant, together produce 25 percent of the electricity consumed in Minnesota. “Monticello has operated safely and reliably for 35 years,” he said. “Continued operation of the Monticello plant is vitally important to the state’s energy needs.” Speaking on behalf of the City of Monticello, city council member Wayne Mayer said the plant was a good neighbor and had demonstrated its commitment to the community. He commended NMC employees for the plant’s “excellent safety record” and said the city looks forward to working with Xcel Energy and NMC in the future. “(The plant) brings economic vitality to all of our community,” Mayer said. Monticello Mayor Clint Herbst also offered his support. “I feel that it’s a very safe operation and a much-needed operation,” he said. “I feel very confident that I can speak for previous councils. Past councils and the present council are behind Xcel.” Attention to alternatives Not everyone was quite so enthusiastic about reactor license renewal, however. George Crocker, executive director of the North American Water Office in Lake Elmo, has been a longtime critic of the nuclear industry. His suggestions to the NRC were pointed. But he began with a compliment to NMC. “The work force that we have at Monticello is...very conscientious and well-trained,” he said. He noted that Monticello compares favorably to some other nuclear plants, after he had reviewed other plants’ procedures in the past. Crocker’s main point to the NRC was to consider alternative sources of energy as the agency considered the renewal of Monticello’s license. He explained that the Minnesota Legislature passed Community-Based Energy Development (C-BED) legislation. According to C-BED’s Web site, the legislation “stipulates that electric utilities serving Minnesota consumers must develop a framework to support the purchase of C-BED electricity by December 2005.” The main C-BED energy alternative right now is wind, Crocker said, but it will soon be paired with combustive energy in hybrid systems. Within the 20-year timeframe of the renewed license, Crocker said, “we’re going to put reactors out of business” with new energy alternatives. “I want you, in your scoping, to help us understand how you evaluate alternative sources,” he said to the NRC representatives. He called for better monitoring systems that keep track of where released radioactive gasses go. The Monticello plant occasionally releases small amounts of radioactive gas that have decayed over several years until the radioactivity is at an acceptable level for a release. Crocker has been critical that monitoring systems designed to track the gasses only tell where they are not. If the whereabouts of the gasses continues to be unknown to the NRC, “you have no business making any conclusions,” Crocker said. He also criticized security. He said nuclear plants have “grave security issues” that are not being addressed, particularly in the case of things like a ground-fired missile attack. He described current plant security as being “very good at keeping out the graffiti man.” He added that global warming could be a concern. If the Mississippi River’s water levels drop over time, or if the water increases in temperature, it could impact the plant’s capacity to produce electricity. Protecting a water source Lea Foushee, also of the North American Water Office, and Crocker’s wife, said she was concerned that Monticello is located on the river, upstream from the Twin Cities. She noted that the City of Minneapolis depends on the river for all of its drinking water. An accident or attack at the plant that resulted in radioactivity leaking into the river could be catastrophic to the Minneapolis water supply. “We have no alternatives...we would have a disaster that nobody would recover from soon,” she said. Carol Overland, an advocate from Northfield, also suggested an alternative to nuclear power. She said that a new coal gasification power plant project proposed for northern Minnesota should be instead built in Monticello, namely to preserve the 500 jobs MNGP provides. “In alternatives, there are options being considered in Minnesota that would work really well here,” Overland said of the Monticello site. A couple of other comments were made at Thursday’s afternoon meeting. No public comments were made at the evening meeting. Both meetings were attended by 30-40 people, including NRC, Xcel, NMC and state officials. NRC officials noted that compared to some meetings, the turnout was relatively light. In some public meetings regarding a nearby nuclear power plant, several hundred people show up wanting to make comments. “It really depends on how comfortable the community is with the plant,” Kugler said The Monticello meetings’ light turnout could be telling. “It may just be an indication of where people stand,” he said. Copyright 2005, Monticello Times ***************************************************************** 15 Arizona Republic: Risks of nuclear power not worth it [Arizona Republic Online Print Edition] July 6, 2005 Jul. 6, 2005 12:00 AM Regarding "Toxic or Magic? Nation needs a fresh look at nuclear power" (Editorial, June 27): The editorial concludes, "Putting aside the rhetoric, there is real promise in nuclear power for meeting our energy needs and reducing global warming." Few new nuclear plants have been built in the United States over the last quarter century, for good reasons. The health risks, security threat and environmental impact far outweigh any benefits of nuclear energy. Contrary to what the editorial portrayed, the process of uranium enrichment for fuel releases huge quantities of carbon dioxide, including the gases released during decommissioning and the transport of nuclear waste. Additionally, the enrichment of uranium is responsible for more than 90 percent of the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) 114 gas released into our air. CFCs are 10,000 to 20,000 times more potent as a global warmer than carbon dioxide. This is not "virtually no emission of greenhouse gases," as the writers opined. As far as storage of nuclear waste is concerned, leaks have been detected - affecting all living species - from algae to crustaceans, little fish, big fish and finally, humans. As Helen Caldicott, founder of the Nuclear Power Research Institute, said, "It takes a single mutation in a single gene in a single cell to kill you." - Michael Hays, Grand Canyon Steve Benson Copyright © 2005, azcentral.com. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 16 CBC Calgary: Stolen truck carrying radioactive material crashes Last updated Jul 6 2005 11:33 AM MDT CBC Two women are facing charges after a stolen truck carrying radioactive material crashed into a hydro pole in Alberta Beach. Const. Craig Albers says when the truck, stolen from an Edmonton radiographics inspection company, hit the pole, the container containing radioactive material was knocked loose and damaged a cabin. Tests determined that none of the radioactive material leaked from the container during Tuesday's crash. Both women in the truck were taken to hospital, Albers said, with one later released and the second in serious, but stable, condition. Albers says the women will likely face a number of charges, including theft of a motor vehicle. "We'll also be looking at speed being a factor and that alcohol was involved," he said. "We'll be looking at those potential charges, possibly undue care and attention, all depending on what has all developed from the investigation." Copyright © CBC 2005 ***************************************************************** 17 US NAS Study: No Safe Dose for Radiation Date: Wed, 6 Jul 2005 01:31:27 -0500 (CDT) http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20050629.wxray0629/EmailBNStory/specialScienceandHealth Wednesday, June 29, 2005 Updated at 11:59 AM EDT Associated Press Washington The preponderance of scientific evidence shows that even very low doses of radiation pose a risk of cancer or other health problems and that there is no threshold below which exposure can be viewed as harmless, a panel of prominent U.S. scientists concluded Wednesday. The finding by the National Academy of Sciences panel is viewed as critical because it is likely to significantly influence what radiation levels government agencies will allow at abandoned nuclear power plants, nuclear weapons production facilities and elsewhere. The nuclear industry, as well as some independent scientists, have argued that there is a threshold of very low level radiation where exposure is not harmful or possibly even beneficial. They said current risk-modelling may exaggerate the health impact. The panel, after five years of study, rejected that assertion. The scientific research base shows that there is no threshold of exposure below which low levels of ionized radiation can be demonstrated to be harmless or beneficial, said Richard Monson, the panel chairman and a professor of epidemiology at Harvard's School of Public Health. ***************************************************************** 18 [du-list] Gulf War Health impacts Update Date: Wed, 06 Jul 2005 14:53:38 -0700 From: Steve Robinson srobinson@NGWRC.ORG Sent: Monday, June 27, 2005 4:51 PM A. GWI-related Items of Interest 1. House passes DOD appropriation for Gulf War Illness research: On June 20, 2005, Congressmen Dennis J. Kucinich (D-OH) introduced and gained passage of a bipartisan amendment to the FY2006 Department of Defense Appropriations Bill. The amendment will provide $10 million for research for Gulf War illnesses, affecting veterans of the 1991 Persian Gulf War. The budget neutral amendment was co-sponsored by Congressman Christopher Shays (R-CT) and Congressman Bernie Sanders (I-VT). No action has been taken yet in the Senate. A copy of Congressman Kucinich's press release can be found on the Committee's ftp website. 2. U.S. legislation pertaining to depleted uranium: On May 17, 2005, Congressman Jim McDermott (D-WA) introduced, along with 21 original co-sponsors, the "Depleted Uranium Munitions Study Act of 2005." It would "require certain studies regarding the health effects of depleted uranium munitions" to be conducted jointly by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and the Director of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. On June 3, 2005, the bill was referred to the House Subcommittee on Environment and Hazardous Materials. Copies of Congressman McDermott's press release and original bill (HR 2410) can be found on the Committee's ftp website. There is one other pending depleted uranium bill in the House. It is entitled the "Depleted Uranium Screening and Testing Act of 2005", and was introduced on January 4, 2005. It was referred to the House Subcommittee on Military Personnel on February 4, 2005. No further action has taken place since then. A copy of this bill (HR 202) also can be found on the Committee's ftp website. B. Recent GWI Research Articles - Research Relevant to Gulf War Service and Exposures 1. Evaluation of the effect of implanted depleted uranium on male reproductive success, sperm concentration, and sperm velocity. (Arfsten DP, et al. Environ Health Perspect. Jun 3, 2005 [Epub ahead of print]) 2. Acquired nucleic acid changes may trigger sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (Armon C. Muscle Nerve. Jun 9, 2005 [Epub ahead of print]) 3. Book Review: Vaccine A - The covert government experiment that's killing our soldiers and why GI's are only the first victims. (Axelsen PH. JAMA. Jun 1, 2005; 293(21): 2664) 4. Probable topical permethrin-induced neck dystonia. (Coleman CI, et al. Pharmacotherapy. March 2005; 25(3): 448-450) 5. The quantitative analysis of uranium isotopes in the urine of the civilian population of eastern Afghanistan after Operation Enduring Freedom. (Durakovic A. Mil Med. Apr 2005; 170(4): 277-284) 6. Gulf War veterans' health: medical evaluation of a U.S. cohort. (Eisen SA, et al. Ann Intern Med. Jun 7, 2005; 142(11); 881-890) [Also see related article: Summaries for patients: The health of Gulf War veterans. (Ann Intern Med. Jun 7, 2005; 142(11): I22)] 7. Documented combat exposure of US veterans seeking treatment for combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder. (Frueh BC, et al. Br J Psychiatry. Jun 2005; 186: 467-472) 8. Changes in erythrocyte enzymes in humans long-term exposed to pesticides - Influence of several markers of individual susceptibility. (Hernandez AF, et al. Toxicol Lett. May 24, 2005 [Epub ahead of print]) 9. Neuromechanical effects of pyrethroids, allethrin, cyhalothrin and deltamethrin on the cholinergic processes in rat brain. (Hossain MM, et al. Lif Sci. Jul 1, 2005; 77(7): 795-807) 10. Can epidemiology clear the fog of war? Lessons from the 1990-1991 Gulf War. (Hotopf M, Wessely S. Int J. Epidemiol. May 23, 2005 [Epub ahead of print]) 11. Embedded weapons-grade tungsten alloy shrapnel rapidly induces metastatic high-grade rhabdomyosarcomas in f344 rats. (Kalinich JF, et al. Environ Health Perspect. Jun 2005; 113(6): 729-734) 12. Unexplained suffering in the aftermath of war. (Komaroff AL, et al. Ann Intern Med. Jun 7, 2005; 142(11): 938-939) 13. The brain is a target organ after acute exposure to depleted uranium. (Lestaevel P, et al. Toxicology. Jun 9, 2005; [Epub ahead of print]) 14. Long-term hematological and immunological complications of sulfur mustard poisoning in Iranian veterans. (Mahmoudi M, et al. Int Immunopharmacol. Aug 2005; 5(9): 1479-1485) 15. A link between ALS and short residence on Guam. (Majoor-Krakauer D, et al. Neurology. May 24, 2005; 64(10): 1819-1820) 16. Chronic cholinergic imbalances promote brain diffusion and transport abnormalities. (Meshorer E, et al. FASEB J. Jun 2005; 19(8): 910-922) 17. Genetic polymorphisms and activity of PON1 in Mexican population. (Rojas-Garcia AE, et al. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. Jun 15, 2005) 18. Chronic neuropsychological sequelae of cholinesterase inhibitors in the absence of structural brain damage: two cases of acute poisoning. (Roldan-Tapi L, et al. Environ Health Perspect. Jun 2005; 113(6): 762-766) 19. Do cytosine guanine dinucleotide (CpG) fragments induce vasoactive neuropeptide mediated fatigue-related autoimmune disorders? (Staines DR. Med Hypotheses. 2005; 65(2): 370-373) 20. Acute military psychiatric casualties from the war in Iraq. (Turner MA, et al. Br J Psychiatry. Jun 2005; 186: 476-479) 21. Smaller head of the hippocampus in Gulf War-related post-traumatic stress disorder. (Vythilgam M, et al. Psychiatry Res. Jun 17, 2005 [Epub ahead of print]) 22. Risk, psychiatry and the military. (Wessely S. Br J Psychiatry. Jun 2005; 186: 459-466) 23. War stories: Invited commentary on... Documented combat exposure of US veterans seeking treatment for combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder. (Wessely S. Br J Psychiatry. Jun 2005; 186: 473-475) 24. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in soldiers from Fort Campbell, Kentucky returning from Operation Iraqi Freedom highlights diagnostic and therapeutic options. (Willard RJ, et al. J Am Acad Dermatol. Jun 2005; 52(6): 977-987) 25. America's neglected veterans: 1.7 million who served have no health coverage. (Woolhandler S, et al. Int J Health Serv. 2005; 35(2): 313-323) Research on Diagnosis/Treatment of Chronic Multisymptom Illnesses 1. Cognitive behaviour group therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: a non-randomized waiting list controlled study. (Bazelmans E, et al. Psychother Psychosom. 2005; 74(4): 218-224) 2. Gray matter volume reduction in the chronic fatigue syndrome. (de Lange FP, et al. Neuroimage. Jul 1, 2005; 26(3): 777-781) 3. Chronic fatigue syndrome: the need for subtypes. (Jason LA, et al. Neuropsychol Rev. Mar 2005; 15(1): 29-58) 4. Fibromyalgia and headache: an epidemiological study supporting migraine as part of the fibromyalgia syndrome. (Marcus DA, et al. Clin Rheumatol. May 18, 2005 [Epub ahead of print]) 5. Evaluation of autoantibodies to common and neuronal cell antigens in chronic fatigue syndrome. (Vernon SD, Reeves WC. J Autoimmune Dis. May 25 2005; 2(1): 5 [Epub ahead of print]) C. Gulf War Illness and Related News Stories 1. Department of Defense appeals judge's ban on mandatory anthrax shots. CIDRAP (MN) (May 25, 2005) 2. Exposure to pesticides can cause Parkinson's. NewScientist.com (UK) (May 26, 2005) 3. UN Environment Programme train Iraqis in measuring depleted uranium. UN.org (May 31, 2005) 4. Measure would require uranium exposure test. 2theadvocate.com (LA) (Jun 2, 2005) 5. Bill to study effects of uranium on soldiers moves to state Senate. BristolPress.com (CT) (Jun 3, 2005) 6. Why did he die? GlobeGazette.com (IA) (Jun 6, 2005) 7. After a shower of anthrax, an illness and mystery. New York Times (NY) (Jun 7, 2005) 8. Depleted uranium threat 'low'. The Advertiser (AU) (Jun 8, 2005) 9. Veterans of first Gulf War have more chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia. Eurekaalert.org (US) (Jun 8, 2005) 10. Department of Defense study ongoing to investigate Marine's health. DCMilitary.com (US) (Jun 10, 2005) 11. Anthrax vaccinations resume at Bolin, Air Force-wide. DCMilitary.com (US) (Jun 10, 2005) 12. Voluntary anthrax vaccinations to resume for airmen in Korea. Estripes.com (US) (Jun 13, 2005) 13. Collateral risk: DU research gap could impact Vermont troops. Vermont Guardian (VT) (Jun 20, 2005) [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 19 [du-list] OSHA seeks information on ionizing radiation health Date: Wed, 06 Jul 2005 14:52:49 -0700 http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=NEWS_RELEASES& p_id=11343 Trade Release Date: May 3, 2005 Contact: Frank Meilinger Phone: (202) 693-1999 OSHA Seeking Information to Address Health Effects of Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation WASHINGTON- The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is asking for comments and information from the public to help the agency determine what, if anything, the agency should do to address its standards for occupational exposure to ionizing radiation. The request for information is published in today's Federal Register. Ionizing radiation has been used in workplaces for over a century and its use has grown significantly in recent years. Ionizing radiation sources can be found in a wide range of occupational settings, including health care facilities, research institutions, nuclear reactors and their support facilities, nuclear weapon production facilities, and various manufacturing settings. These radiation sources can pose a considerable health risk to affected workers if not properly controlled. OSHA's current standard addresses the possession, use or transfer of ionizing radiation sources and requires that employers maintain worker exposures to below 1.25 rem per quarter (rem= roentgen- equivalent-man, which is a unit of measure for the effects of ionizing radiation on humans). The standard also requires employers to conduct exposure monitoring, provide training for employees above 100 mrem (milli-roentgen-equivalent-man), provide medical monitoring, maintain records of employee exposures, and notify OSHA of excessive exposures. The agency's request for information addresses current uses of ionizing radiation in the workplace and issues related to its use, such as employee exposure levels, health effects of ionizing radiation exposure, and workplace programs to control such exposure. The agency will use the information to determine if and how its ionizing radiation standards should be updated. Written comments must be submitted by Aug. 1, 2005. Written comments (10 pages or fewer) can be faxed to OSHA's Docket Office at (202) 693-1648 or sent electronically to http://ecomments.osha.gov. Three copies of written comments and attachments must be submitted to the OSHA Docket Office, Docket H-016, Room N-2625, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Ave., Washington, DC, 20210. Further information on submitting comments can be obtained by calling the Docket Office at (202) 693-2350. Employers are responsible for providing a safe and healthful workplace for their employees. OSHA's role is to assure the safety and health of America's workers by setting and enforcing standards; providing training, outreach, and education; establishing partnerships; and encouraging continual process improvement in workplace safety and health. For more information, visit www.osha.gov. # # # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- This news release text is on the Internet at http://www.osha.gov. Information on this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 693-1999. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- OSHA News Release - Table of Contents ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Back to Top www.osha.gov www.dol.gov ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Contact Us | Freedom of Information Act | Customer Survey Privacy and Security Statement | Disclaimers ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Occupational Safety & Health Administration 200 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20210 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 20 BoiseWeekly: Downwinders Decry Senate's Choice to Revive Nuke Research JULY 6, 2005 BY NICHOLAS COLLIAS The U.S. Senate made a strong vote of support for revitalizing the military's nuclear arsenal last week, contradicting previous action by the House of Representatives. By a vote of 53-43, senators defeated an amendment proposed by California Democrat Diane Feinstein that would have prohibited the use of government funds to study the feasibility of the Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator, also known as the "bunker buster." The failure of the measure means that beginning in October, nuclear research laboratories could receive up to $4 million for continued work on the bomb, which is designed to pierce and demolish underground enemy facilities. Both of Idaho's senators, Larry Craig and Mike Crapo, voted against Feinstein's amendment. Earlier this year, the House of Representatives voted to eliminate nuclear research from a similar energy and water appropriations bill. Following the vote, a group of nuclear fallout victims from Idaho, Utah and California responded by blasting the Senate, saying that the vote "tells us our suffering, our pain, the deaths prematurely from cancers and other illnesses caused by the fallout from nuclear testing have meant nothing, nor has the lesson that there is no such thing as a safe nuclear test been learned." Senate Democrats had similar concerns, adding that the vote sent a conflicted to countries like Iran and North Korea, whom the U.S. has asked to abandon nuclear weapons programs. In response, Republicans like Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman John Warner downplayed the gravity of the funding. "We're talking about a study," the Virginia senator told Reuters following the vote. "What's the harm in a study?" On November 6, hundreds of spectators gathered in Taco Bell Arena to hear firsthand accounts of one of the darkest chapters of Idaho history. They heard how qualities that have defined our state since its inception-independence, self-sufficiency and an affection for rural and small-town living-led the Atomic Energy Commission to infamously label the American Mountain West in the 1950s as a "low-use segment of the population." They heard grueling tales of how the U.S. government, in its quest to become a nuclear superpower, secretly treated its rural denizens like an expendable resource. And then they heard fears that it might happen all over again. [November 17, 2004] MORE BY NICHOLAS COLLIAS Quote of the Week © Copyright 2005, BoiseWeekly ***************************************************************** 21 Sun Herald: Phosphate spill endangers once-thriving lake | 07/06/2005 | Parts of Jackson County's Bangs Lake are now lifeless By BILL FINCH and BEN RAINES MOBILE REGISTER Weeks after millions of gallons of highly acidic chemicals flowed into one of the Gulf Coast's most productive estuaries, a wide river of rusty brown trees and dead marsh grass slices through the summer green of Mississippi's Bangs Lake, near Grand Bay on the Alabama line. Portions of the shallow waters at the upper end of the brackish lake, once hopping with redfish and mullet and home to some of Mississippi's healthiest oyster beds, appear lifeless, except for the fluorescent lime glow of algae, still spreading in dense, sticky mats where the sudden burst of phosphate pollution fuels its growth. Such algal mats tie up the water's oxygen as they collapse and decay, scientists say. Mississippi environmental regulators say they can't be sure the worst effects of the April 14 spill at Mississippi Phosphates Corp. are over for Bangs Lake. The 1-mile-long lake is part of an arc of marshes and shallow waters in the Grand Bay National Reserve, a federally protected ecosystem described as one of the northern Gulf Coast's least disturbed stretches of coastline. Estimating the damage Mississippi regulators said last week that they were still trying to determine what impact a soup of contaminants -- mercury, cadmium, lead, radioactive uranium and radium -- could have on the long-term health of the oyster beds and fish nurseries. They also said they were reassessing the measures that the state had taken to protect the estuary from the mountains of phosphate waste surrounding it. Mississippi Phosphates was required "to do everything possible to protect Bang's Lake," said Phil Bass, director of Mississippi's Office of Pollution Control, who described the area as "the most pristine part" of Mississippi's coast. Bass said that while the investigation was far from complete, he expected "some kind of enforcement action... some kind of recapture of the environmental damage." He said he planned to work closely with the Jackson-based company to prevent future spills. After speaking with Mobile Register reporters Thursday and Friday morning about the spill, a spokeswoman for Mississippi Phosphates called back Friday afternoon to say that senior management had decided that the company "didn't want to be quoted, and refused to participate because of the grave concern over the accuracy" of the reporting. In the earlier conversations, spokeswoman Melinda Hood blamed the spill on unusually heavy rains, and said that the company expected such an event would never happen again. The Register, however, was unable to find evidence of unusually heavy rains in the days just before the spill. In 1998, the company also reported a spill that Hood said was even larger than the one that occurred this year. Hood offered various estimates of the size of the April spill, at first estimating about 50,000 gallons. On Friday, Hood left a message saying the spill was in the range of 17 million gallons. The Register was unable to determine the exact concentrations of acids, heavy metals and uranium in the mix, or the residual concentrations in Bangs Lake. Mounds of contamination Mounds of phosphate waste, approaching 100 feet high and stretching for hundreds of yards along Industrial Road, have been a Pascagoula landmark since the 1950s, when the original Mississippi Chemical Corp. first began producing phosphate fertilizers there. Phosphate, in moderate quantities, is needed by green plants for growth. But the production of usable phosphate from phosphate ores leaves a large volume of waste - 5 tons of waste for every ton of product. Florida, which is naturally rich in phosphate ores and is a center for the phosphate industry, produces 30 million tons of waste each year. The bulk of the waste is composed of gypsum, a combination of sodium and calcium that in itself is largely benign, and has some uses as an agricultural supplement for compacted soils. But the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency prohibits phosphate producers from selling the gypsum wastes because of the spectrum of contaminants present. Phosphate ore deposits often contain significant quantities of other minerals - fluoride, selenium, chromium, copper, cadmium, nickel, aluminum and even uranium - which can be toxic in sufficient doses. In some parts of the world, including Morocco, where Mississippi Phosphates now buys its ores, concentrations of radioactive uranium in the phosphate deposits are sometimes so high that they're extracted for nuclear production. As a result, massive gray hills of phosphate waste - often called "gyp stacks" - are fixtures at phosphate processing plants. Scientists who have researched phosphate plants say that the most immediate dangers posed by such stacks are the liquid wastes poured into large settling ponds carved into the tops of piles. Mississippi regulators likened the gypsum stacks and their hazardous waste ponds to a large heap of mashed potatoes, with a craterlike depression in the top to hold the gravy. The "gravy" in this case contains large quantities of phosphoric acid, which many believe to be responsible for the rapid killing of much of the marsh vegetation and aquatic life in Bangs Lake, making the water and soil so acidic most life can't exist. Explosions of algae The liquid also contains high concentrations of phosphates and nitrogen compounds. When these chemicals get into natural water bodies, according to scientists, they fertilize explosions of opportunistic algae, which strangle other life as they compete for light and oxygen, until they essentially grow themselves to death. The sudden collapse of the algae ties up most of the oxygen in the water, suffocating many of the fish and other creatures living there. These effects are already apparent over much of the northern end of Bangs Lake. Mississippi regulators said they're still trying to understand how widespread the impacts have been on the lake's oyster beds, though Ed Cake, an environmental consultant in Mississippi, said he heard from some observers that many beds over a wide area in the lake may have been killed. Ironically, Bass said, Mississippi had planned to use Bangs Lake oysters as examples of what "clean" oysters should look like, as regulators compared effects from contamination in various areas along the Mississippi coast. Even after life in Bangs Lake recovers from the immediate toxicity of the phosphate spill, other contaminants could persist for decades to come. The liquids from gyp stacks typically contain relatively high concentrations of other contaminants -- the heavy metals and the radioactive materials -- that are found in phosphate ore. The Mississippi regulators said they were still uncertain how severe that contamination might be, but they would be monitoring the oysters and other life in Bangs Lake in the months to come. 'The gyp stack failed' In other news accounts, and in Register interviews, Mississippi Phosphate's Hood has blamed the spill on unusually heavy rainfall, conditions she said were not likely to occur again. "Back in April, we had a tremendous amount of rain," Hood said Thursday. "Because of the heavy rainfall, and the water level being as high as it was in one of the ponds, the gyp stack failed." The company's permits from the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality specify that the waste ponds must be designed to withstand a maximum 25-year, 24-hour rainfall - a storm producing about 11 inches in a 24-hour period, according to the standard calculations produced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for this part of the Gulf Coast. Weather information from the Southern Climate Data Center indicates there was no rainfall in Pascagoula on April 13 or 14, when the spill occurred. Weather service radar and Southern Climate Data Center reports indicate that two weeks before the spill, on April 1, an area along the Mississippi/Alabama line may have received about 8 inches of rain, the largest rainfall the Climate Data Center reported for that month. NOAA records indicate a storm of that intensity could be expected about once every five years along the Mississippi coast. Officials with the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality said their preliminary investigation indicates that the failure of the waste pond was not ultimately the result of excessive rainfall, but rather because the company was trying to increase the capacity of the pond at a faster rate than normal. "As they built it, they had a failure, they just lost part of the dam," Bass said. Bass said that a bigger issue itself may be that the levees around the gyp stacks weren't sufficient to catch the pond spill before it poured into the marsh. The gyp stacks are ringed by a moat-like ditch-and-berm system, which environmental permits say should be designed to capture such spills. Reporters who accessed the marsh area by boat saw swaths of dying vegetation that spread out toward Bangs Lake from two low points in the levees. Florida regulators have been dealing with the impacts of phosphate spills for decades, and have reassessed the safeguards placed on maintenance of gyp stacks. A 1997 spill of more than 50 million gallons in Florida's Alafia River was reported to have killed 1 million fish, according to local news accounts. Dumped into the Gulf In Tampa in 2004, dangerously full gypsum stack ponds at a phosphate factory were drained in an emergency action approved by the EPA. In the controversial action, hundreds of millions of gallons of the liquid were barged out and dumped into the Gulf of Mexico. State officials said it was the only way of saving Tampa Bay and averting what they described as "one of the biggest environmental threats in Florida history." Florida experienced two hurricane-related breaks at phosphate facilities last year. In June of this year, regulators overhauled design specifications for the phosphate ponds and levees because they weren't believed to be sufficient to handle the Gulf's heavy rainfalls and hurricanes, which can dump 20 to 30 inches of rain. "Our regulations are being updated right now because we had spills during hurricanes last year," said Mary Ellen Murphy, with the Florida Institute of Phosphate Research. "Every time there is a spill, we get new regulations." Hood said that Hurricane Georges in 1998 precipitated another, and much larger spill, at the Mississippi Phosphates plant. She speculated that it didn't attract much notice because attention was focused on an oil spill at the Chevron refinery next door to her plant. Bass said, "We're certainly going to use this incident to look back at everything we regulate to make sure that everything is protected as it should be." ***************************************************************** 22 Bradenton Herald: Tallevast well tests to start today | 07/06/2005 | DONNA WRIGHT Herald Staff Writer Tests on private wells outside of the plume of contamination under Tallevast will begin today, Lockheed Martin Corp. officials announced Tuesday. Twenty wells owned by individuals and businesses within one-quarter mile of the plume's known boundary will be sampled, said Meredith Rouse Davis, a Lockheed spokeswoman. The tests, Davis, said, are standard procedure once a toxic plume has been defined. The plume stems from the former Loral American Beryllium Co. plant at 1600 Tallevast Road. Lockheed purchased the plant as a part of corporate buyout in 1996 but never operated it. When the defense giant sought to sell the property in 2000, tests revealed an underground plume of contamination of dangerous industrial solvents thought to have leaked from a crack in an evaporation pool liner. Tallevast residents were not informed of the poison in their backyards until three years later, despite Lockheed's notifications sent to county and state government officials. The plant is now operated by WPI Inc., a cable manufacturer. But because Lockheed owned the facility when the pollution was found, the defense giant has assumed responsibility for assessing the damage and cleanup costs. Tests by Tetra Tech Inc., the scientific firm Lockheed hired to measure the plume, has determined the dangerous industrial waste now covers 131.3 acres. Karen Collins Fleming, director of Manatee County Environmental Management Department, said perimeter testing beginning today is standard in remediation work. "It's very difficult to get a grip on exactly where this thing is," said Fleming. "To define it real closely, you have to do incremental testing." Davis said that Lockheed is confident that Tetra Tech has found the outer edge of the plume and that the new well samplings are being done to make sure those wells were not impacted. "It's been our plan that once we had identified the boundaries, we would test wells within a quarter of a mile of the plume," said Davis. "We are sampling the wells as a precautionary measure." The 20 wells identified include irrigation and observation wells. Davis said none of the wells are known to be potable or drinking water wells, although no data could be found on a few that will be monitored. The observation wells are located on commercial property and were probably put there for monitoring purposes or past remediation projects, Davis said. None of them, she added, were drilled by Tetra Tech, nor had any of them been sampled in previous tests to determine the extent of the plume. Ron Helgerson, Lockheed's point man in Tallevast, requested any data the Manatee County Health Department might have on any existing wells within and outside of the plume several weeks ago, said Charles Henry, the health department's environmental supervisor. "I believe they were trying to make sure they had all of the data they could find on wells," Henry said. The health department's standard operation procedure in contamination cases mirrors Lockheed's, Henry added. When the county is investigating a contaminated drinking water well, crews check other wells one quarter of a mile outside of the known contamination zone, Henry said. In the case of the public wells that supply water to a large number of people, Henry said, crews check wells within half of a mile of the contamination boundary. "I believe they are doing this as a cautionary procedure," Henry said. "I certainly don't think it is something they shouldn't do." Laura Ward and Wanda Washington, president and vice president of the Tallevast advocacy group Family Oriented Community United and Strong, could not be reached for comment. Donna Wright, health and social services reporter, can be reached at 745-7049 or at dwright@HeraldToday.com. ***************************************************************** 23 Times Argus: Radioactive waste a permanent issue July 06, 2005 The big nuclear news of the Independence Day weekend this year headlined with, "Entergy offers to increase safety margin at Vermont Yankee." This was inherently warped. During the sale and uprate cases before the state's regulatory Public Service Board, and occasionally before the Vermont State Nuclear Advisory Panel, Entergy, the rent company of Vermont's sole nuclear reactor, repeatedly stated that neither the uprate nor their out-of-state, for-profit ownership of our nuclear reactor would … "cut into safety margins." Apparently now this is not the case. It is time for Vermont to become independent of our apparent need or self-proclaimed right to burden future generations of Vermonters with disposing of our nuclear waste so we can have "cheap" electricity. Surely when factoring in the cost of protecting this toxic waste for thousands of years any illusion of "cheap" or affordable disappears. The time for independence from this toxic tea tax and undue corporate burden is now. Our legislators proved themselves servants of the corporate oligarchy. The 600 jobs and baseload power source are temporary shortsighted good fortune for Windham County and the state. There is nothing temporary about radioactive waste. Gary Sachs Brattleboro © 2005 Times Argus ***************************************************************** 24 AU ABC: Minister silent on scientific basis for uranium mining ban 06/07/2005. ABC News Online The Northern Territory Minister for Mines, Kon Vatskalis, has deflected questions during budget estimates hearings asking for the scientific reasons behind Labor's policy ruling out any new uranium mines. Chief Minister Clare Martin promised in the lead-up to last month's election that there would be no new uranium mines under Labor. The announcement was criticised by the mining industry while the Federal Government estimated the NT was locking up about $12 billion in uranium resources. Despite vigorous questioning from the Independent Member for Nelson, Gerry Wood, Mr Vatskalis maintained it was simply the Labor policy. "This is the policy this Government has taken," he said. ***************************************************************** 25 Tri-City Herald: Fluor delays 500 layoffs This story was published Wednesday, July 6th, 2005 By Annette Cary, Herald staff writer Fluor Hanford will delay laying off up to 500 employees until March, but about that same number of jobs still will be eliminated in September, employees were told Tuesday. In May, Fluor had told employees that up to 1,000 positions would be cut by the end of September from its Hanford work force of 3,886. "As we have collected and assessed input for our work force restructuring effort, we have decided to conduct the reduction of force in two separate actions," said Chief Executive Ron Gallagher in a message sent to employees. By rearranging work, cutting costs and limiting the replacement of employees who have quit or retired, the company will be able to keep some of its workers employed longer, said spokesman Geoff Tyree. Layoff notices for the first phase of cuts will be given out Sept. 19, and Sept. 30 will be workers' last day on the payroll. Under the earlier plan to do a single round of layoffs, Fluor was required under the Work Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act to notify employees who would lose jobs 60 days in advance. Because each phase now will lay off fewer than 500 workers, less notice is required. In May, Fluor had asked for volunteers for the layoffs, and had expected to notify them in June if they had been selected. But Fluor needed more time to review its options, Gallagher told employees. Employees should hear Thursday if their application was approved. Those who are laid off, voluntarily or involuntarily, will receive a week's severance pay for every year worked up to 20 years and continued payment of the company portion of monthly medical insurance premiums for up to a year. Fluor, a prime contractor for the Department of Energy at the Hanford nuclear reservation, manages several major activities, including dismantling former nuclear processing facilities, cleaning up contaminated ground water, retrieving and processing plutonium-contaminated waste for off-site shipment, maintaining the site's infrastructure and operating the Volpentest HAMMER training center. Hanford is polluted with radioactive and chemical contaminants from the past production of plutonium for the nation's nuclear weapons program. In May, Fluor said the layoffs would be needed to reflect changes in Fluor's remaining scope of work until its contract expires in September 2006. Fluor already has completed stabilizing 20 tons of plutonium material at the Plutonium Finishing Plant and removed 2,300 tons of spent fuel from Hanford's K Basins. In the coming months, Fluor expects to complete more projects, including removing plutonium residues from thousands of feet of process and drain lines and equipment at the Plutonium Finishing Plant. Although Fluor has not discussed budget cuts in connection with the layoffs, the contractor likely will get less money for cleanup in the Hanford budget for fiscal year 2006. Other Hanford contractors also are considering layoffs. CH2M Hill Hanford Group said that it might have to cut up to 350 jobs if DOE's proposed budget cuts were passed by Congress. However, U.S. Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., succeeded in restoring $34 million of about $90 million cut for tank farm work managed by CH2M Hill. That budget figure will be reconciled with $67 million restored in the U.S. House version for the tank farms thanks to U.S. Rep. Doc Hastings, R-Wash. At the farms, fields of underground tanks hold 53 million gallons of radioactive waste waiting to be treated. Bechtel National should finish laying off about 1,000 workers this month. The layoffs began in April after concerns were raised about whether parts of the vitrification plant under construction could withstand a severe earthquake. The plant is planned to turn some of the tank waste into a stable glass form for permanent disposal. © 2005 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press &Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** 26 Tri-City Herald: Vit plant price could near $10 billion This story was published Wednesday, July 6th, 2005 By Annette Cary, Herald staff writer New estimates indicate the cost to build and test Hanford's vitrification plant could approach $10 billion, an increase of more than $4 billion, according to a congressional letter asking for a Government Accountability Office review of the project. The Department of Energy's most recent official estimate for the project was about $5.8 billion, and the plant was supposed to be operating by a legal deadline of 2011. But new estimates show completion may be delayed four years until 2015, according to the letter sent by Rep. David Hobson, chairman of the House appropriation subcommittee on energy and water development, and the ranking minority member, Rep. Peter Visclosky. "If this information is correct, then the project is approaching a cost that DOE concluded was not affordable in 2000 ...," the letter said. The congressmen attributed the cost increases to "technical problems, poor design engineering, poor cost estimating and poor contractor performance, among other problems." Work has slowed on key portions of the vitrification plant since a new seismic study showed the design standard might not be adequate to withstand a worst-case earthquake. In addition, solving technical challenges on the first-of-its-kind project has depleted most of the six months of contingency time that was built into the schedule. The price of steel also has risen dramatically in the past two years, more material is needed than estimated when construction started, and Bechtel National has struggled to find manufacturing facilities able to supply materials and equipment to nuclear-quality standards. The plant, which Hobson called DOE's largest and most complex cleanup project, is intended to turn some of Hanford's worst waste into a stable glass form for permanent disposal. Past production of plutonium for the nation's nuclear weapons program has left underground tanks at Hanford filled with 53 million gallons of radioactive and chemical waste. BNFL originally held the contract to build the vitrification plant, but it was dismissed after its privatization plan and accompanying finance charges would have increased costs for the plant to $15.2 billion. In 2000, DOE awarded an 11-year contract to Bechtel National to design, build and certify the plant for operation. Two years later, DOE decided to accelerate the construction project and make other changes to more rapidly reduce environmental risks and to achieve long-term cost reductions on the project, according to Hobson's letter. That increased the contract amount for construction by $1.4 billion to nearly $5.8 billion and increased the time needed to design and build the plant by 16 months. DOE has not released updated figures for the vitrification plant, but has called for another Army Corps of Engineers review of the cost and schedule. This spring, DOE asked Bechtel National to prepare two cost estimates for the plant. One was to look at how much work could be done if the project continues to receive $690 million a year. The second was to consider how soon the plant would be done if more money is spent. The Corps looked at Bechtel's projections, but could not validate them with the information it had, according to DOE. The Corps is just beginning its more in-depth validation of cost and schedule. "There have been various estimates as to what the cost may be," said DOE spokesman Mike Waldron in Washington, D.C. "However, for the department to discuss a specific number without first fully and accurately assessing the situation would be premature." DOE is hoping to receive the Corps report in a matter of months, but is emphasizing the quality of the report over its rapid completion, Waldron said. "(Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman) shares the concerns expressed by Chairman Hobson, and has laid out a very deliberate plan to accurately assess both the cost and the timeline for the completion of the vit plant," Waldron said. The plan includes an internal look at how the cost and schedule came to be underestimated and naming a six-person senior management team to oversee the plant. DOE last week announced plans to stop construction at plant buildings affected by the new earthquake design standards until the design is completed. Work at other buildings, including the low-level waste facility and analytical laboratory, are not affected. Construction started on the plant before design was completed in a plan to meet the 2011 deadline to begin operation. Contractor Bechtel National began laying off workers in April as construction slowed at the plant and should reach about 1,000 job cuts this month. Rep. Doc Hastings, R-Wash., has said he welcomes independent reviews such as the one requested of GAO to ensure the plant's completion and operation. "At the end of the day, waste in the ground has to be treated" and the plant has to be built to do that, said Sheryl Hutchison, spokeswoman for the Washington State Department of Ecology. Work needs to continue to prevent inflation from gobbling up the budget for the project, she said. "The secretary believes the completion of the vit plant is central to the cleanup of Hanford and to fulfilling our obligations" under the Tri-Party Agreement, a legally binding cleanup schedule, Waldron said. How cost and schedule changes could affect deadlines in the Tri-Party Agreement is among the questions Hobson is asking the GAO to consider. "Does DOE believe that the project continues to be affordable?" he asked in the letter. He wants to know the main causes of the cost increases and schedule delays and whether DOE's decision to accelerate the construction project contributed to those. He also requested that GAO look at whether the steps DOE is taking to address the main problems on the project are adequate to prevent a recurrence of similar projects. * Reporter Annette Cary can be reached at 582-1533 or via e-mail at acary@tri-cityherald.com. © 2005 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press &Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** 27 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Savannah FR Doc 05-13227 [Federal Register: July 6, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 128)] [Notices] [Page 38898-38899] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr06jy05-71] River AGENCY: Department of Energy. ACTION: Notice of open meeting. SUMMARY: This notice announces a meeting of the Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board (EMSSAB), Savannah River. The Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 86 Stat. 770) requires that public notice of this meeting be announced in the Federal Register. DATES: Monday, July 25, 2005, 1 p.m.-6 p.m.; Tuesday, July 26, 2005, 8:30 a.m.-4 p.m. ADDRESSES: Newberry Hall, 151 Bee Lane, Aiken, SC 29803. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Gerri Flemming, Closure Project Office, [[Page 38899]] Department of Energy Savannah River Operations Office, P.O. Box A, Aiken, SC, 29802; phone: (803) 952-7886. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of the Board: The purpose of the Board is to make recommendations to DOE in the areas of environmental restoration, waste management, and related activities. Tentative Agenda Monday, July 25, 2005 1 p.m.--Combined Committee Session. 5:15 p.m.--Adjourn. 5:15 p.m.--Executive Committee Meeting. 6 p.m.--Adjourn. Tuesday, July 26, 2005 8:30 a.m.--Approval of Minutes, Agency Updates. 9:15 a.m.--Public Comment Session. 9:30 a.m.--Chair and Facilitator Update. 10 a.m.--Waste Management Committee Report. 11:30 a.m.--Administrative Committee Report. 11:50 a.m.--Public Comments. 12 p.m.--Lunch Break. 1 p.m.--Nuclear Materials Committee Report. 2 p.m.--Facilities Disposition & Site Remediation Committee Report. 3 p.m.--Strategic and Legacy Management Committee Report. 3:50 p.m.--Public Comments. 4 p.m.--Adjourn. If needed, time will be allotted after public comments for items added to the agenda, and administrative details. A final agenda will be available at the meeting Monday, July 25, 2005. Public Participation: The meeting is open to the public. Written statements may be filed with the Board either before or after the meeting. Individuals who wish to make oral statements pertaining to agenda items should contact Gerri Flemming's office at the address or telephone listed above. Requests must be received five days prior to the meeting and reasonable provision will be made to include the presentation in the agenda. The Deputy Designated Federal Officer is empowered to conduct the meeting in a fashion that will facilitate the orderly conduct business. Individuals wishing to make public comment will be provided a maximum of five minutes to present their comments. Minutes: The minutes of this meeting will be available for public review and copying at the Department of Energy's Freedom of Information Public Reading Room, 1E-190, Forrestal Building, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. Minutes will also be available by writing to Gerri Flemming, Department of Energy Savannah River Operations Office, P.O. Box A, Aiken, SC 29802, or by calling her at (803) 952-7886. Issued in Washington, DC on June 29, 2005. Rachel M. Samuel, Deputy Advisory Committee Management Officer. [FR Doc. 05-13227 Filed 7-5-05; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** 28 Casper Star Tribune: Idaho mulls plutonium project plans Casper, Wyoming - Wednesday, July 06, 2005 IDAHO FALLS, Idaho (AP) -- The Department of Energy holds hearings this month to lay out plans to produce plutonium at the Idaho National Laboratory, but officials acknowledge they still can't answer a key question: What to do with the radioactive waste created by the new plant. The federal government has proposed building a $300 million complex at the eastern Idaho nuclear research site to consolidate production of plutonium-238 and the assembly of the long-lasting batteries that run off heat generated by the decaying radioactive fuel. Currently, production is done at three separate sites: Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, and the Idaho complex west of Idaho Falls. Because the existing inventory of plutonium-238 will be gone in five years, the agency says it needs to produce new supplies for the batteries, which are needed for unspecified national security missions and NASA's deep space exploration vehicles. The Energy Department says the batteries will not be used in military applications. The agency wants to make 11 pounds of plutonium-238 annually for 35 years beginning in 2011, and estimates the program will create 20 cubic meters a year of radioactive "transuranic" waste -- such as gloves, rags, tools and other debris contaminated during plutonium production and battery assembly. The Energy Department wants to encase that radioactive debris in melted glass and store it at the Idaho lab until it can be shipped to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant near Carlsbad, N.M., where waste from nuclear weapons production is stored in ancient salt beds, 2,150 feet underground. But there are still unresolved questions as to whether the New Mexico waste site can accept radioactive waste that does not come from defense-related programs. "The only piece that's missing is whether the waste can be confirmed to go to (the New Mexico site)," said Tim Frazier, head of radioisotope power systems for the Energy Department. "We certainly wouldn't start operations without a disposal path for the transuranics, but that's not until 2012." Frazier said he is confident waste generated at the Idaho site from the battery program will go to the New Mexico salt beds because the facility already accepts similar waste from the Idaho lab and from Los Alamos, where some of the plutonium battery work is now done. But opponents of the government's plan to begin producing the highly toxic material at the Idaho site say they don't want the Energy Department guessing on such a critical issue as out-of-state waste disposal. "They are sliding this thing under the door," said Jeremy Maxand, director of the Boise-based watchdog group Snake River Alliance. The public has until Aug. 29 to comment on the Energy Department's plutonium production plan. The agency will hold public meetings to discuss the project July 18 at the Double Tree Hotel in Oak Ridge, Tenn.; July 19 at the University of New Mexico-Los Alamos in Los Alamos, N.M.; July 20 at the Sun Valley Inn in Sun Valley, Idaho; July 21 at the Snow King Convention Center in Jackson Hole, Wyo.; July 25 at the Shiloh Inn in Idaho Falls, Idaho; July 26 at the Fort Hall Tribal Business Center in Fort Hall, Idaho; July 27 at the College of Southern Idaho in Twin Falls, Idaho; and July 28 at the Red Lion Hotel Downtowners in Boise, Idaho. All meetings begin at 7 p.m. Copyright © 2005 by the Casper Star-Tribune published by Lee Publications, Inc., a subsidiary of Lee Enterprises, ***************************************************************** 29 Tri-Valley Herald: Lab waves security flag for mighty laser Last Updated: 07/06/2005 09:45:13 AM By Ian Hoffman, STAFF WRITER With the world's largest laser in the political crosshairs, federal weapons officials and executives at Lawrence Livermore nuclear weapons lab are playing their most powerful card: suggesting that without all 192 beams of the National Ignition Facility, U.S. nuclear bombs and warheads might well stop working. Faith in U.S. weapons would decline, former weapons designer George Miller, associate director at large for Livermore Lab, told the Los Angeles Times. Without the laser, the United States may have to return to explosive nuclear testing, freeing the rest of the world to advance the state of weapons know-how. "There are very serious implications to canceling this project," said Miller. But bomb designers disagree strongly on what relationship, if any, the National Ignition Facility has to keeping the U.S. nuclear arsenal in working order. Livermore's most prolific weapons designer, retired physicist Seymour Sack calls NIF "worse than useless" because it draws money and attention from the less glamorous examination of weapons for signs of degradation and replacement of the parts that break down. "There's a lot of nonsense" in claims that without NIF, the nation won't have confidence in its weapons, Sack said. "It's not a purely useless boondoggle but in terms of any critical element of understanding of the stockpile, my answer is no." Retired Sandia weapons manager Bob Peurifoy said the big laser makes "an interesting scientific playpen." Its beams will create 100 million-degree temperatures, crushing pressures and an incredible density of energy, taking scientists on a tour inside a miniature sun. "I understand that some scientists just wet their pants to use this thing. NIF is fun science," Peurifoy said. But "NIF has little if anything to do with the present and future health of the enduring stockpile." So far the nation has kept a stockpile of nuclear bombs and warheads without having a $4 billion laser. In addition to inventing new ones, scientists cut open weapons every year, watching for problems and replacing bad parts. "We did it for 40 years," Peurifoy said. Sen. Pete V. Domenici, chairman of the Senate Energy and Water Appropriations subcommittee, killed construction funds for the big laser for 2006, saying the "single-minded" pursuit of NIF was choking off other valuable research programs, not least in his home state of New Mexico. The Senate passed a bill Friday with no construction money for the laser. Weaponeers broke into pro- and anti-NIF camps in the mid-1990s, when Congress approved building the laser for $1.2 billion. The divide deepened as the price tag soared to more than $4 billion, and the government cut other projects to keep NIF alive. For years, Livermore executives barely could get more than a tepid endorsement two weapons labs. To an extent, the debate turns on different philosophies about maintaining 20- to 40-year-old bombs and warheads. Some scientists favor careful watching over the weapons as they age and remanufacturing the parts that degrade. But since the mid-1990s, two presidents have opted instead for a more expansive and costly program called "stockpile stewardship." Scientists are rebuilding the weapons with new parts, and they are relying on supercomputers and giant experimental machines such as NIF to verify those changes. Do the changes affect the detonation? Do they impair energy flow from one part of the bomb to another? So far, scientists say stockpile stewardship answers those questions reasonably well. But officials of the weapons labs recently warned that the weapons are changing enough away from the original, proven designs to lessen confidence in their reliability. As these warheads continue to age and are refurbished, an accumulation of small changes could lead to increased risk or increased uncertainty in warhead certification, four weaponeers wrote in a paper endorsed by the labs' weapons chiefs. They argued for designing new bombs and warheads, replacing everything in the arsenal with simpler weapons that would be easier to make. With a moratorium on nuclear testing in place since 1992, weapons scientists would verify the new designs work with software that simulates a nuclear weapon in detonation. The software is full of physicists' best estimates and formulas for things that are difficult to measure, such as the roiling hot gases and radiation inside a star or a detonating nuclear weapon. Fusion shots on NIF would explore those processes in greater detail than possible before, albeit at very small scale. Physicists would try to translate these small fusion observations into more accurate physics for the computer simulations. Livermore weapons chief Bruce Goodwin argues that scientists have to understand precisely what happens in the several millionths of a second when the primary and the secondary are subject to millions of pounds of pressure, unimaginable amounts of energy and millions of degrees of temperature. Once all 192 beams start firing in 2010, the National Ignition Facility is expected to be the only way of creating those conditions, short of an underground nuclear test, for a decade or more. "There ain't no place else we're going to do fusion burn on the Earth in my lifetime," Goodwin said. But many weaponeers see NIF as adding little to weapons questions already answered by nuclear testing and concerning bomb components no more delicate than a bowling ball. U.S. thermonuclear weapons are like two eggs nestled in foam inside a can. One egg supplies most of the fusion energy and is a heavy, layered sphere usually of uranium and lithium salts. It is called a secondary, and it is more or less a fuel tank. There's more action in the other egg, called a primary — a softball-size hollow shell of plutonium, wrapped in high explosives and detonators. A pressurized gas canister with explosive valves is poised to inject hydrogen into the egg's hollow core at the right moment to deliver a small boost of fusion but a big boost in explosive energy. Physicists who design primaries tend to think not much else matters. "When you're all through, damned secondaries seem to work. They have worked repeatedly, and that's thanks to a lot of really smart physicists, chemists and materials scientists," Peurifoy said. The A-bomb creates such a torrent of energy that igniting fusion in the spherical secondary is pretty much a given, they say, like unleashing a flame thrower on a gas tank. "I used to think like that," said Livermore's Goodwin, himself a primary designer. "The issue isn't quite so simple." Scientists need to understand fusion burn in both the primary and secondary, as well as the energy flow between them, he said. "Then you can say why this weapon that's 35 years old and has had 52 significant findings (of possible problems) and has had many parts replaced, still is worthy of confidence," Goodwin said. Where scientists across the debate agree is that National Ignition Facility will be a training ground for bomb design. The laser's targets closely mimic H-bombs, with a sphere of fuel inside a can full of radiation. The physics of implosion, hot and turbulent radiation and thermonuclear burn are roughly the same. "At some point, say in eight or 10 years, there could be an erosion of confidence, not in the (weapons) stockpile, but in the intellectual understanding of what's going on. It's exactly that area that NIF is supposed to address," said Berkeley planetary scientist Raymond Jeanloz, who advises the University of California on research at two weapons labs. The question for NIF's critics is whether at $4 billion and counting, the big laser offers better bomb tutelage than anything else. Tri-Valley Herald All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 30 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Idaho FR Doc 05-13228 [Federal Register: July 6, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 128)] [Notices] [Page 38899] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr06jy05-72] National Engineering Laboratory AGENCY: Department of Energy. ACTION: Notice of open meeting. SUMMARY: This notice announces a meeting of the Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board (EMSSAB), Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92- 463, 86 Stat. 770) requires that public notice of this meeting be announced in the Federal Register. DATES: Tuesday, July 19, 2005, 8 a.m.-6 p.m.; Wednesday, July 20, 2005, 8 a.m.-5 p.m. Opportunities for public participation will be held Tuesday, July 19, from 12:15 to 12:30 p.m. and 5:45 to 6 p.m.; and on Wednesday, July 20, from 11:45 a.m. to 12 p.m. and 4 to 4:15 p.m. Additional time may be made available for public comment during the presentations. These times are subject to change as the meeting progresses, depending on the extent of comment offered. Please check with the meeting facilitator to confirm these times. ADDRESSES: Ameritel Inn, 645 Lindsay Boulevard, Idaho Falls, ID 83402. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Shannon A. Brennan, Federal Coordinator, Department of Energy, NE-ID Idaho Operations Office, 1955 Fremont Avenue, MS-1216, Idaho Falls, ID 83401. Phone (208) 526-3993; Fax (208) 526-1926 or e-mail: Shannon.Brennan@nuclear.energy.gov or visit the Board's Internet home page at: http://www.ida.net/users/cab. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of the Board: The purpose of the Board is to make recommendations to DOE in the areas of environmental restoration, waste management, and related activities. Tentative Topics (agenda topics may change up to the day of the meeting; please contact Shannon A. Brennan for the most current agenda): Decontamination and decommissioning of nuclear reactors and other complex facilities. Review of the independent risk assessments developed by the Consortium for Risk. Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation. Long-term stewardship at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. Public Participation: The meeting is open to the public. Written statements may be filed with the Board either before or after the meeting. Individuals who wish to make oral presentations pertaining to agenda items should contact Shannon A. Brennan at the address or telephone number listed above. The request must be received five days prior to the meeting and reasonable provision will be made to include the presentation in the agenda. The Deputy Designated Federal Officer is empowered to conduct the meeting in a fashion that will facilitate the orderly conduct of business. Individuals wishing to make public comment will be provided a maximum of five minutes to present their comments. Minutes: The minutes of this meeting will be available for public review and copying at the Department of Energy's Freedom of Information Public Reading Room, 1E-190, Forrestal Building, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. Minutes will also be available by writing to Shannon A. Brennan, Federal Coordinator, at the address and phone number listed above. Issued in Washington, DC on June 29, 2005. Rachel Samuel, Deputy Advisory Committee Management Officer. [FR Doc. 05-13228 Filed 7-5-05; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** 31 lamonitor.com: Reports: Lower doses, but no floor for radiation risks The Online News Source for Los Alamos ROGER SNODGRASS, roger@lamonitor.com, Monitor Assistant Editor Low-level doses of radiation took on opposite meanings in two separate reports released last week, one by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the other by the National Academies of Science. The NRC proudly reported the lowest ever radiation exposure for nuclear power plant workers, half the average of 10 years ago. At the same time, the NAS concluded that there is no level of exposure to ionizing radiation that may be considered harmless. The average American receives a dose of about 360 millirem each year from a variety of sources, the NRC reported. In recent years, the average nuclear plant worker received another 160 millirem from exposure on the job. NRC safety regulations consider up to 5,000 millirem to be within established safe standards. "This report shows nuclear power plant operators have very effective plans and procedures in place to reduce workers' exposure while ensuring the necessary work is done to NRC requirements," said Bruce Boger, director of the Division of Inspection Program Management in the commission's Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. His remarks were included in a press release about the report. Meanwhile, a committee of the National Academies National Research Council issued an extensive long-term report raising concerns about even low doses of ionizing radiation, like X-rays and gamma rays. "The scientific research base shows that there is no threshold of exposure below which low levels of ionizing radiation can be demonstrated to be harmless or beneficial," said the committee chair, Richard R. Monson in an accompanying statement. Monson is associate dean for professional education and a professor of epidemiology at Harvard University. He said health risks rise proportionally with exposure and that the risk of inducing cancer is relatively small at low doses, but increases with lifetime exposure. Included in the study is an update on radiation-induced cancer incidence from atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, about half of whom were still alive in 2000. William Roentgen, a German scientist who discovered X-rays in 1895. They were first called cathode rays, after he noticed invisible emissions from a vacuum tube lit up a nearby fluorescent screen. While Thomas Edison was experimenting with X-rays, one of his assistants developed a degenerative skin disease and eventually died of a related cancer in what the report said, "may have been the first death associated with man-made ionizing rays in the United States." The U.S. departments of Defense, Energy and Homeland Security, as well as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Environmental Protection Agency commissioned the report, the seventh in a series. According to the National Academies, 18 percent of human exposure comes from man-made sources. Medical X-rays (58 percent), nuclear medicine (21 percent) and consumer products (16 percent) are the main sources of man-made radiation. Occupational exposures and fall-out from atmospheric testing account for two percent each. Natural background radiation is responsible for 82 percent of exposure to humans, primarily from the decay of radon, a colorless, odorless gas, but also cosmic rays from the sun and distant supernova explosions in space. On the Net: NAS, Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation VII, http://www.nap.edu/books/030909156X/html NRC, LWR Occupational Dose Data for 2004. Enter ML051530296 in the search function of the NRC's ADAMS database, at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams/web-based.html. © 2003 Los Alamos Monitor All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 32 Times-News: Waste disposal still a question in DOE's plans for Idaho plutonium project July 6, 2005 • Twin Falls, Idaho IDAHO FALLS (AP) -- The Department of Energy holds hearings this month to lay out plans to produce plutonium at the Idaho National Laboratory, but officials acknowledge they still can't answer a key question: What to do with the radioactive waste created by the new plant. The federal government has proposed building a $300 million complex at the eastern Idaho nuclear research site to consolidate production of plutonium-238 and the assembly of the long-lasting batteries that run off heat generated by the decaying radioactive fuel. Currently, production is done at three separate sites: Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, and the Idaho complex west of Idaho Falls. Because the existing inventory of plutonium-238 will be gone in five years, the agency says it needs to produce new supplies for the batteries, which are needed for unspecified national security missions and NASA's deep space exploration vehicles. The Energy Department says the batteries will not be used in military applications. The agency wants to make 11 pounds of plutonium-238 annually for 35 years beginning in 2011, and estimates the program will create 20 cubic meters a year of radioactive "transuranic" waste -- such as gloves, rags, tools and other debris contaminated during plutonium production and battery assembly. The Energy Department wants to encase that radioactive debris in melted glass and store it at the Idaho lab until it can be shipped to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant near Carlsbad, N.M., where waste from nuclear weapons production is stored in ancient salt beds, 2,150 feet underground. But there are still unresolved questions as to whether the New Mexico waste site can accept radioactive waste that does not come from defense-related programs. "The only piece that's missing is whether the waste can be confirmed to go to (the New Mexico site)," said Tim Frazier, head of radioisotope power systems for the Energy Department. "We certainly wouldn't start operations without a disposal path for the transuranics, but that's not until 2012." Frazier said he is confident waste generated at the Idaho site from the battery program will go to the New Mexico salt beds because the facility already accepts similar waste from the Idaho lab and from Los Alamos, where some of the plutonium battery work is now done. But opponents of the government's plan to begin producing the highly toxic material at the Idaho site say they don't want the Energy Department guessing on such a critical issue as out-of-state waste disposal. "They are sliding this thing under the door," said Jeremy Maxand, director of the Boise-based watchdog group Snake River Alliance. The public has until Aug. 29 to comment on the Energy Department's plutonium production plan. The agency will hold public meetings to discuss the project July 18 at the Double Tree Hotel in Oak Ridge, Tenn.; July 19 at the University of New Mexico-Los Alamos in Los Alamos, N.M.; July 20 at the Sun Valley Inn in Sun Valley, Idaho; July 21 at the Snow King Convention Center in Jackson Hole, Wyo.; July 25 at the Shiloh Inn in Idaho Falls, Idaho; July 26 at the Fort Hall Tribal Business Center in Fort Hall, Idaho; July 27 at the College of Southern Idaho in Twin Falls, Idaho; and July 28 at the Red Lion Hotel Downtowners in Boise, Idaho. All meetings begin at 7 p.m. Story published at magicvalley.com on Wednesday, July 06, 2005 Copyright © 2005, Lee Publications Inc. Magicvalley.com is an on-line division of The Times-News, published daily at 132 W. Fairfield St., Twin Falls, Idaho 83301 by Lee Publications, Inc., a subsidiary of Lee Enterprises. ***************************************************************** 33 Corvallis Gazette-Times: DOE plans hearings on plans for Idaho plutonium project [gazettetimes.com] Last modified Tuesday, July 5, 2005 11:02 PM PDT By The Associated Press IDAHO FALLS, Idaho — The Department of Energy holds hearings this month to lay out plans to produce plutonium at the Idaho National Laboratory, but officials acknowledge they still can't answer a key question: What to do with the radioactive waste created by the new plant. The federal government has proposed building a $300 million complex at the eastern Idaho nuclear research site to consolidate production of plutonium-238 and the assembly of the long-lasting batteries that run off heat generated by the decaying radioactive fuel. Currently, production is done at three separate sites: Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, and the Idaho complex west of Idaho Falls. Because the existing inventory of plutonium-238 will be gone in five years, the agency says it needs to produce new supplies for the batteries, which are needed for unspecified national security missions and NASA's deep space exploration vehicles. The Energy Department says the batteries will not be used in military applications. The agency wants to make 11 pounds of plutonium-238 annually for 35 years beginning in 2011, and estimates the program will create 20 cubic meters a year of radioactive ``transuranic'' waste — such as gloves, rags, tools and other debris contaminated during plutonium production and battery assembly. The Energy Department wants to encase that radioactive debris in melted glass and store it at the Idaho lab until it can be shipped to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant near Carlsbad, N.M., where waste from nuclear weapons production is stored in ancient salt beds, 2,150 feet underground. But there are still unresolved questions as to whether the New Mexico waste site can accept radioactive waste that does not come from defense-related programs. ``The only piece that's missing is whether the waste can be confirmed to go to (the New Mexico site),'' said Tim Frazier, head of radioisotope power systems for the Energy Department. ``We certainly wouldn't start operations without a disposal path for the transuranics, but that's not until 2012.'' Frazier said he is confident waste generated at the Idaho site from the battery program will go to the New Mexico salt beds because the facility already accepts similar waste from the Idaho lab and from Los Alamos, where some of the plutonium battery work is now done. But opponents of the government's plan to begin producing the highly toxic material at the Idaho site say they don't want the Energy Department guessing on such a critical issue as out-of-state waste disposal. ``They are sliding this thing under the door,'' said Jeremy Maxand, director of the Boise-based watchdog group Snake River Alliance. The public has until Aug. 29 to comment on the Energy Department's plutonium production plan. Public meetings to discuss the project are scheduled this month in Idaho, Tennessee and New Mexico communities. Copyright © 2005 • Lee Enterprises ***************************************************************** 34 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Fernald FR Doc 05-13229 [Federal Register: July 6, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 128)] [Notices] [Page 38899-38900] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr06jy05-73] AGENCY: Department of Energy. ACTION: Notice of open meeting. SUMMARY: This notice announces a meeting of the Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board (EMSSAB), Fernald. The Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 86 Stat. 770) requires that public [[Page 38900]] notice of this meeting be announced in the Federal Register. DATES: Thursday, July 14, 2005, 6:30 p.m.-9 p.m. ADDRESSES: Ross Township Firehouse, 2565 Cincinnati-Brookville Road, Ross Township, Ohio 45061. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Doug Sarno, The Perspectives Group, Inc., 1055 North Fairfax Street, Suite 204, Alexandria, VA 22314, at (703) 837-1197, or e-mail; . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of the Board: The purpose of the Board is to make recommendations to DOE in the areas of environmental restoration, waste management, and related activities. Tentative Agenda: Goals: --Determine next steps on Fernald Citizens' Advisory Board History Project. --Discuss Impressions of the Fernald History Roundtable. --Discuss Plans for Fernald Citizens' Advisory Board Retreat in September. 6:30 p.m.--Call to Order. 6:35 p.m.--Updates and Announcements. --Projects Updates. --Ex-Officio Updates. --Silos Projects Status. --Site Transition Update. 7:30 p.m.--Fernald Citizens' Advisory Board Retreat and Upcoming Meetings Schedule. 7:50 p.m.--Break. 8 p.m.--History Project Next Steps. 8:20 p.m.--Impressions of History Roundtable. 8:50 p.m.--Public Comment. 9 p.m.--Adjourn. Public Participation: The meeting is open to the public. Written statements may be filed with the Board chair either before or after the meeting. Individuals who wish to make oral statements pertaining to agenda items should contact the Board chair at the address or telephone number listed below. Requests must be received five days prior to the meeting and reasonable provisions will be made to include the presentation in the agenda. The Deputy Designated Federal Officer is empowered to conduct the meeting in a fashion that will facilitate the orderly conduct of business. Individuals wishing to make public comment will be provided a maximum of five minutes to present their comments. This notice is being published less than 15 days before the date of the meeting due to programmatic issues that had to be resolved. Minutes: The minutes of this meeting will be available for public review and copying at the Department of Energy's Freedom of Information Public Reading Room, 1E-190, Forrestal Building, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday- Friday, except Federal holidays. Minutes will also be available by writing to the Fernald Citizens' Advisory Board, Phoenix Environmental Corporation, MS-76, Post Office Box 538704, Cincinnati, OH 43253-8704, or by calling the Advisory Board at (513) 648-6478. Issued in Washington, DC on June 29, 2005. Rachel Samuel, Deputy Advisory Committee Management Officer. [FR Doc. 05-13229 Filed 7-5-05; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** 35 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Paducah FR Doc 05-13230 [Federal Register: July 6, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 128)] [Notices] [Page 38900-38901] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr06jy05-74] AGENCY: Department of Energy (DOE). ACTION: Notice of open meeting. SUMMARY: This notice announces a meeting of the Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board (EMSSAB), Paducah. The Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 86 Stat. 770) requires that public notice of this meeting be announced in the Federal Register. DATES: Thursday, July 21, 2005, 5:30 p.m.-9:30 p.m. ADDRESSES: 111 Memorial Drive, Barkley Centre, Paducah, Kentucky 42001. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: William E. Murphie, Deputy Designated Federal Officer, Department of Energy Portsmouth/Paducah Project Office, 1017 Majestic Drive, Suite 200, Lexington, Kentucky 40513, (859) 219-4001. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of the Board: The purpose of the Board is to make recommendations to DOE in the areas of environmental restoration, waste management and related activities. Tentative Agenda: 5:30 p.m.--Informal Discussion. 6 p.m.--Call to Order. Introductions. Review of Agenda. Approval of May Minutes. Approval of June Minutes. 6:05 p.m.--Deputy Designated Federal Officer's Comments. 6:25 p.m.--Federal Coordinator's Comments. 6:30 p.m.--Ex-officios' Comments. 6:40 p.m.--Public Comments and Questions. 6:50 p.m.--Task Forces/Presentations. Waste Disposition Task Force. --3 D Model Presentation. --Burial Grounds Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) Review. Water Quality Task Force. Long Range Strategy/Stewardship Task Force. --Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride (DUF6) Project Overview. Community Outreach Task Force. 7:50 p.m.--Public Comments and Questions. 8 p.m.--Break. 8:10 p.m.--Administrative Issues. Review of Workplan. Review of Next Agenda. 8:20 p.m.--Review of Action Items. 8:25 p.m.--Subcommittee Reports. Executive Committee. --Chairs Meeting Recap. 8:40 p.m.--Final Comments. 9:30 p.m.--Adjourn. Public Participation: The meeting is open to the public. Written statements may be filed with the Board either before or after the meeting. Individuals who wish to make oral statements pertaining to agenda items should contact David Dollins at the address listed below or by telephone at (270) 441-6819. Requests must be received five days prior to the meeting and reasonable provision will be made to include the presentation in the agenda. The Deputy Designated Federal Officer is empowered to conduct the meeting in a fashion that will facilitate the orderly conduct of business. Individuals wishing to make public comment will be provided a maximum of five minutes to present their comments. Minutes: The minutes of this meeting will be available for public review and copying at the Department of Energy's Freedom of Information Public Reading Room, 1E-190, Forrestal Building, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday- Friday, except Federal holidays. Minutes will also be available at the Department of Energy's Environmental Information Center and Reading Room at 115 Memorial Drive, Barkley Centre, Paducah, Kentucky between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m., on Monday thru Friday or by writing to David Dollins, Department of Energy, Paducah Site Office, Post Office Box 1410, MS- 103, Paducah, Kentucky 42001 or by calling him at (270) 441-6819. [[Page 38901]] Issued in Washington, DC on June 29, 2005. R. Samuel, Deputy Advisory Committee Management Officer. [FR Doc. 05-13230 Filed 7-5-05; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************