***************************************************************** 03/22/05 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 13.65 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 Guardian Unlimited: Iran to Go Forward With Nuclear Program 2 INSIDE JoongAng Daily: South's aid to North depends on talks 3 Guardian Unlimited: North Korea's Premier Visits China 4 Xinhua: 6-party talks "a realistic choice" to resolve DPRK issue - P 5 Xinhua: DPRK to join nuclear talks "at any time" given right conditi 6 AFP: North Korea ups stakes in nuclear standoff - 7 AFP: North Korea has not given up on nuclear talks - 8 US: Santa Maria Times: Missile poised for first 2005 lauch 9 US: [southnews] Let Them Eat Yellowcake 10 US: TheNewsTribune.com: MARTIN SCHRAM: Punish government liars 11 [NYTr] Pakistani's Black Market May Offer Secrets of Nuclear 12 [NYTr] New Zealand Greens Want to Give Vanunu Asylum 13 nuke-free world postcard: straightgoods.com 14 inadaily.com: Nuke claim worries Delhi 15 Interfax: U.S. experts will not inspect Russia's nuclear facilities 16 IAEA: Transcript: Director General's CNN Interview - NUCLEAR REACTORS 17 NEWS.com.au: Nuclear disaster warning 18 US: NRC: NRC to Discuss 2004 Performance Assessment for Waterford 3 19 US: NRC: NRC to Discuss 2004 Performance Assessment for Pilgrim Nucl 20 US: NRC: NRC to Discuss 2004 Performance Assessment for Peach Bottom 21 US: NRC: NRC Signs Agreement with Belgium to Share Nuclear Safety In 22 US: NRC: Sunshine Federal Register Notice 23 Seattle Times: Energy-hungry countries warm up to nuclear power 24 US: The News Journal: Water leak may idle Hope Creek reactor 25 IndiaDaily: Rising Energy Needs Renew Nuclear Interest 26 Bellona: Fuel leak narrowly averted at Chalk River 27 Guardian Unlimited: Iran to Develop Civilian Nuclear Power 28 CTV.ca: Ontario to start idled nuclear reactors - report 29 New Scientist: Cracks may force shutdown of UK reactors 30 US: National Vanguard: Security Breached at Nuclear Power Plant 31 Sofia Daily News: Bulgaria to Lose EUR 4 B from Kozloduy Nuke Closur 32 Guardian Unlimited: British Energy chief in shock exit NUCLEAR SAFETY 33 DU Horrors Worldwide 34 [NukeNet] Russia Ratifies Wimped Out Nuke Accident Convention 35 [du-list] Widow accepts combat award for spouse's brain-tumour 36 Bellona: 444 families want to leave radioactive village 37 Guardian Unlimited: Russia Ratifies Nuke Accident Convention 38 New Scientist: French nuclear tests may have caused cancers - 39 Japan Times: Nuclear firefighting guide finally drafted 40 Mos News: Russian Navy Refutes Reports of Soviet Nuclear Torpedoes o 41 Mos News: Russia Ratifies Nuclear Accident Convention - 42 US: Newsday.com: Accord near in suit over radioactive emission 43 US: L.A. Daily News: Field lab radiation tests invalid, critics say NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 44 [NukeNet] Yucca Fraud Update, ElBaradei Statement On Nuclear 45 US: Deseret News: N-waste hysteria rampant 46 US: Deseret News: 2 Wyoming firms seek OK to reopen uranium ore mill 47 US: AU ABC: Uranium mine start date may not be far off 48 KOLO: The Yucca Battle Heats Up 49 deseretnews: Nevada seeks united front against Yucca 50 Las Vegas RJ: Yucca project reviewer raiseddoubts about instruments 51 BBC: Radioactive waste plans 52 Las Vegas SUN: Editorial: Disturbing allegations 53 Las Vegas SUN: State officials: DOE's Yucca woes are 'tip of the ice 54 US: Las Vegas SUN: Rail giant challenges ban on hazardous materials 55 RGJ: Bryan insisting Cheney address Yucca, land sales 56 RGJ: State official says more e-mails suggest faulty nuke dump data 57 Times Argus: Yucca Mountain woes seen having little effect on Vermon 58 US: Salt Lake Tribune - Opinion: No regard for Utahns 59 Salt Lake Tribune - Opinion: Yucca threatens Utah 60 Korea Times: Selection of Nuke Dump Site Due by September 61 US: KUTV: Federal Hearing for Utah Appeal On Nuclear Waste Dump 62 US: Washington Daily News: Mayors, OLF attorney to address N.C. lawm 63 KRNV: Richard Bryan hopes VP will address issues other than Social S 64 EMS: U.S. weapons grade plutonium shipment to depart France tonight NUCLEAR WEAPONS US DEPT. OF ENERGY 65 DOE: Memorandum of Understanding Between the Department of the 66 Tri-City Herald: Fluor Hanford to lay off up to 200 OTHER NUCLEAR ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Guardian Unlimited: Iran to Go Forward With Nuclear Program From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 22, 2005 9:46 PM AP Photo PAR101 By JAMEY KEATEN Associated Press Writer PARIS (AP) - Iran vowed Tuesday to press ahead on the ``tortuous path'' to developing nuclear power plants to meet its energy needs, brushing aside U.S. suspicions that the effort masks plans to build atomic weapons. At the end of a two-day conference in Paris on the future of nuclear energy, Iranian envoys again insisted their nuclear program is peaceful. ``The people and government of Iran are determined to open their way through the tortuous path of peaceful use of nuclear technology despite all imposed restrictions and difficulties,'' said Mohammad Saeidi, vice president for planning and international affairs at the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran. Ministers and high-level delegates at the conference sought to find a balance between atomic energy's potential and concerns that the spread of nuclear power could pose safety risks and provide new opportunities for terrorists to acquire radioactive material. In a final statement, delegates said nations that choose to pursue civilian nuclear programs should be vigilant to ensure nuclear material ``not be exported to states that may seek to use them for nuclear weapons.'' ``States must commit themselves to preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons, which constitutes a threat to international peace and security,'' it said. France, Germany and Britain are leading talks with Iran to ensure Tehran does not develop nuclear weapons - negotiations the United States recently decided to support, backing away from demands the Islamic republic be brought before the U.N. Security Council. A new meeting between the Europeans and Iran was set for Wednesday in Paris, and many observers are eager to hear if Tehran will agree to extend its suspension of uranium enrichment-related activities, a process that can be used both for producing nuclear energy and nuclear weapons. Iran suspended those activities last year as talks with the Europeans got underway. The head of the International Atomic Energy Agency, Mohamed ElBaradei, said a global approach is needed to keep Iran from developing nuclear weapons, and urged Europe and the United States to normalize ties with Tehran. Europe and the United States ``must give Iran a sense of security so that the Iranians don't feel the need to acquire nuclear arms,'' ElBaradei was quoted as telling the daily Le Monde in remarks published Tuesday. ``Iran must feel assured that no one is thinking of attacking or provoking regime change,'' ElBaradei, who spoke at the conference on Monday, was quoted as saying. Asked about ElBaradei's remarks, Saeidi declined to comment Tuesday, but said there was ``nothing'' the United States could do to encourage Tehran to reach a deal with the Europeans. The Paris conference on the future of nuclear energy, billed as the first of its kind in decades, was sponsored by France, the IAEA and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Some 440 commercial nuclear power plants spread out over 31 countries now supply 16 percent of world's total electricity, the World Nuclear Association says. But the International Energy Agency predicts a 60 percent increase in demand for energy over the next 25 years, and many delegates from the 74 nations represented at the meeting argued that nuclear energy is more efficient than wind or hydroelectric power. They also said nuclear plants are far less polluting than plants that burn oil, gas or coal. ``A vast majority of participants affirmed that nuclear power can make a major contribution to meeting energy needs and sustaining the world's development in the 21st century,'' a final statement said. While many delegates touted nuclear energy's potential, some insisted it will offer no panacea to the booming demands for electricity expected in the years ahead. ``Without making nuclear energy the only response to all the century's challenges, the conference recognizes it can contribute in an effective way to ... stable electricity at a competitive price,'' French Industry Minister Patrick Devedjian said in closing remarks. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 2 INSIDE JoongAng Daily: South's aid to North depends on talks March 23, 2005 KST 12:09 (GMT+9) March 23, 2005 ¤Ñ With direct contact between the two Koreas almost nonexistent, Chung Dong-young, the South's minister of unification, said yesterday that North Korea should have no expectation of receiving fertilizer aid from Seoul unless Pyeongyang resumes bilateral talks. In an interview with the JoongAng Ilbo, Mr. Chung, who also heads the National Security Council, said the two Koreas' governments have always held talks over procedures of the routine fertilizer aid to the North before shipments were made. "Unless there are talks between the two Koreas' authorities, it is difficult to make a decision on giving fertilizer or food aid," he said. Mr. Chung has been among the Roh administration's most conciliatory top officials on North Korea. Over the last six years, Seoul has sent 1.55 million tons of fertilizer to the North. North Korea normally requested about 300,000 tons of fertilizer each time, but Pyeongyang asked for 500,000 tons in February. "This time, they asked for a lot, and it requires a large amount of money," Mr. Chung said. "We need a national consensus on this issue. If inter-Korean talks resume, we will have to hear from the North Koreans why they need so much support this time." Mr. Chung said if and when the talks reopen, he will also discuss the issues of holding separated family reunions as a top priority. North Korea cut off bilateral talks with the South last August to protest an airlift to Seoul of hundreds of North Korean defectors. Addressing the nuclear standoff on the Korean Peninsula, Mr. Chung took the view that Washington's recent recognition of North Korea as a "sovereign state" is a meaningful development to resume stalled six-nation nuclear disarmament talks. During her visit here on Sunday, U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice used the term to characterize the North. "The term, sovereign state, is a clear sign that the United States has no intention of attacking the North," he said. Mr. Chung also said the leaders of Japan and South Korea will meet as scheduled despite the high tensions between the two countries over the Tokto islands territorial dispute and publication of nationalist history textbooks in Japan. President Roh Moo-hyun and Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi of Japan agreed at a meeting last July on Jeju Island that they would meet twice a year. A meeting is planned to take place before the end of June, but speculation in Seoul and Tokyo is that another summit may be delayed because of the recent diplomatic rupture over the Tokto islands. by Lee Young-jong, Seo Seung-wook myoja@joongang.co.kr> [http://joongangdaily.joins.com/faq.html] Copyright by Joins.com, Inc. Terms of Use | ***************************************************************** 3 Guardian Unlimited: North Korea's Premier Visits China From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 22, 2005 10:16 AM AP Photo BEJ203 By JOE McDONALD Associated Press Writer BEIJING (AP) - North Korea's premier began a visit to China on Tuesday at a time of American calls for Beijing to use its influence to prod the North back into nuclear talks - and American hints of possible sanctions if Pyongyang doesn't cooperate. Chinese officials say they will discuss the nuclear standoff with Premier Pak Pong Ju. A foreign ministry spokesman appealed to participants in the six-nation talks to ``support the process'' but didn't give any details of what Chinese leaders will tell Pak. ``The six-party talks are the best and most realistic vehicle to peacefully resolve this issue through dialogue,'' said spokesman Liu Jianchao. Pak was scheduled to meet with President Hu Jintao and other Chinese leaders. Chinese Foreign Minister Li Zhaoxing said this month that the North expressed willingness to return to talks. But he didn't say whether leader Kim Jong Il's government had attached any conditions. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, visiting Beijing, suggested Monday that the North might face sanctions. ``To the degree that a nuclear-free Korean peninsula gets more difficult to achieve if the North does not (return to the talks), then of course we'll have to look at other options,'' Rice said. Rice said she appealed for China to use its status as the North's main ally and aid donor to draw Pyongyang back to the talks, which also include South Korea, Japan and Russia. Beijing insists it has little influence over Kim's isolated Stalinist regime and has resisted U.S. appeals to pressure its ally. China is believed to supply the North with up to one-third of its food and one-quarter of its energy. Analysts say the North's declaration last month that it has nuclear weapons might prompt China to force Pyongyang back into talks. But they say Beijing might be holding out for a U.S. overture to make the North return willingly. On Monday, the North announced that it had increased its nuclear arsenal to counter a possible invasion. ``We have taken a serious measure by increasing (the) nuclear arms arsenal in preparation for any invasion by enemies,'' said the North's Korean Central Broadcasting Station, according to South Korea's Yonhap news agency. U.S. and Chinese diplomats met last week in Shanghai with their counterparts from Japan and South Korea to discuss possible steps to get North Korea back to the bargaining table. The North wants aid and a peace treaty with the United States in exchange for a settlement. China has organized three rounds of six-nation talks since the dispute flared in late 2002. Washington said Pyongyang admitted operating a secret nuclear program in violation of a 1994 agreement that gave it oil and other aid for abandoning nuclear work. Chinese officials have suggested direct talks between Washington and Pyongyang to break the impasse - an option that the United States has rejected. ``It is not a U.S.-North Korean issue,'' Rice said. ``We are determined that this will be done in a multilateral context.'' Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 4 Xinhua: 6-party talks "a realistic choice" to resolve DPRK issue - Premier Wen www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2005-03-22 21:04:32 BEIJING, March 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said here Tuesday that the six-party talks offered "a realistic choice"to peacefully resolve the Korean nuclear issue through dialogue. "The talks are in the interests of all parties so it should continue," Wen told visiting Premier Pak Bong Ju of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) during their talks. He urged all sides to show flexibility, sincerity and patience. Proceeding from objective and fair stance, China will continue to actively promote the talks and make unremitting efforts for the realization of a lasting peace in northeast Asia. The nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula is a matter related with peace and security in northeast Asia. China advocates a nuclear-weapon-free peninsula and the maintenance of peace and stability on the peninsula, he said. To that end, "China is committed to resolving the issue through the six-party talks," he told Pak. Pak said the DPRK does not oppose to the six-party talks, neither will abandon the talks. "Provided conditions are right, the DPRK will join the talks at any time," he said. He said the DPRK's stand on the realization of a nuclear-weapon-free Korean Peninsula and on the settlement of the nuclear issue through dialogue and by peaceful means "remains unchanged". The DPRK appreciates China's efforts for realizing a nuclear-weapon-free Korean Peninsula, Pak said. Pak is on his first official visit to China after taking office. The six-party talks, already held three rounds in Beijing, involved China, the DPRK, the United States, Russia, the Republic of Korea and Japan. Enditem Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 5 Xinhua: DPRK to join nuclear talks "at any time" given right conditions : Pak www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2005-03-22 23:30:48 BEIJING, March 22 (Xinhuanet) -- The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) will join the six-party talks on the nuclear issueon the Korean Peninsular "at any time" provided conditions are right, DPRK Premier Pak Bong Ju said here on Tuesday. During talks with his Chinese counterpart Wen Jiabao, Pak said that the DPRK does not oppose to the six-party talks, neither will abandon it. "Provided conditions are right, the DPRK will join the talks at any time," he said. Wen told Pak that the six-party talks offered "a realistic choice" to peacefully resolve the Korean nuclear issue through dialogue. "The talks are in the interests of all parties so it should continue." Wen urged all sides to show flexibility, sincerity and patience. Proceeding from objective and fair stance, China will continue to actively promote the talks and make unremitting efforts for the realization of a lasting peace in northeast Asia, Wen said. The nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula is a matter related with peace and security in northeast Asia. China advocates a nuclear-weapon-free peninsula and the maintenance of peace and stability on the peninsula, he said. To that end, "China is committed to resolving the issue through the six-party talks," he told Pak. Pak said the DPRK's stand on the realization of a nuclear-weapon-free Korean Peninsula and on the settlement of the nuclear issue through dialogue and by peaceful means "remains unchanged". The DPRK appreciates China's efforts for realizing a nuclear-weapon-free Korean Peninsula, Pak said. The six-party talks, already held three rounds in Beijing, involved China, the DPRK, the United States, Russia, the Republic of Korea and Japan. On China-DPRK ties, Wen and Pak both vowed to further the countries' "friendly cooperative ties," including economic cooperation and coordination on major issues, during talks here onTuesday. Relations between China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) have seen "sound progress" with the direct care from the two countries' leaders, Wen told Pak in the Great Hall ofthe People in Beijing. China and DPRK "maintained frequent high-level exchange, expanded economic and trade cooperation along with increasingly active exchanges in other fields," Wen said. "In a spirit of inheriting tradition, facing the future, continuing good neighborliness and enhancing cooperation, China will further implement the consensus reached by the two countries'leaders, enhance communication and coordination on major issues and deepen economic and trade cooperation to push forward the friendly and cooperation ties between them," Wen said. Pak said the DPRK-China relations were growing soundly and cooperation in all fields vigorous, which served as a vital basis for their future cooperation. The Chinese government and people offered sincere help for promoting DPRK's economic progress and for improving the people's living standard in terms of both spirit and material, Pak said. Hesaid the DPRK people "were encouraged by and appreciated" that. "To continuously consolidate and develop the friendly ties between DPRK and China" is the "unswerving policy" of the DPRK, he said, adding that the DPRK hoped the friendly ties would gain "much more progress" in the new century. Pak was here for his first official visit to China as DPRK premier. He is scheduled to visit Shanghai in east China and Shenyang and Anshan in northeast China after his visit in Beijing.Enditem Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 6 AFP: North Korea ups stakes in nuclear standoff - Tuesday March 22, 11:42 AM SEOUL (AFP) - North Korea raised the stakes in the nuclear standoff with the United States, saying it had increased its atomic arsenal as Washington pressed Pyongyang to return to six-party talks. Just hours after US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice called on North Korea to make a "strategic" choice to drop its nuclear weapons, Pyongyang said it had already taken measures to boost its arsenal. "In the face of the enemy's mounting war provocations, our armed forces and the people have already been fully prepared for war mobilizations in order to bust any aggression attempts at one sweep and taken the decisive measure of increasing our nuclear arsenal," North Korea said in a radio broadcast monitored here by Yonhap news agency. Rice urged Pyongyang to return to six-party talks to resolve the standoff during her six-nation Asian tour which ended Monday in Beijing. She visited Japan, South Korea and China, key players in the standoff. With the talks in limbo, Rice pushed hard for a new round, indicating Washington's patience may be running out and other options were being considered. "It is true that we need to resolve this issue. It cannot go on for ever," she said in Seoul on Sunday. In Beijing, she warned North Korea that Washington was considering "other options" to talks. Experts noted that hawks have been pushing for referral of the case to the United Nations. Backing up Rice's call for North Korea to return to dialogue, the White House warned diplomatic efforts cannot "drag on forever." "Secretary Rice was saying what we've said, the time to come back to the talks is now. She expressed that this could not drag on forever; we need to resolve this issue," spokesman Scott McClellan said. While Rice applied verbal pressure, she also appeared conciliatory, saying that through talks, North Korea would receive what it was asking for in terms of the "respect that they have desired and ... the assistance that they need." North Korea has demanded an end to US "hostility" and rewards for dismantling its nuclear weapons drive. It has also requested direct talks with the United States to end the standoff. Rice repeated throughout her trip that Washington had no intention of attacking North Korea and indicated its energy needs could be met through six-party talks where direct dialogue -- though not separate negotiations -- could also take place with Washington. She also referred to North Korea as a sovereign nation rather than an "outpost of tyranny," a term she used in January that inflamed the North Korean leadership, while refusing Pyongyang's demand for an apology. North Korea attended three rounds of inconclusive six-party talks along with South Korea, China, Japan, Russia and the United States but failed to show up for a fourth round in Beijing last September. In February, Pyongyang announced it possessed nuclear weapons and was withdrawing from the negotiations indefinitely. Several days later, however, North Korean leader Kim Jong-Il indicated he could return to talks if the conditions were right. Coinciding with Rice's visit to Seoul on Saturday, South Korea and the United States launched week-long military drills dubbed preparations for an invasion by North Korea. Washington believes North Korea possesses one or two crude bombs and may have reprocessed enough plutonium for half-a-dozen more, from spent fuel rods at its Yongbyon nuclear complex. The nuclear standoff erupted in October 2002 when the United States accused North Korea of operating a program based on highly enriched uranium. Pyongyang denied that charge but restarted a plutonium-based program frozen under a 1994 arms control agreement. Copyright © 2005 AFP AFP. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 7 AFP: North Korea has not given up on nuclear talks - Tuesday March 22, 12:16 PM BEIJING (AFP) - North Korean Premier Pak Pong-Ju has told Chinese leaders that his country had not given up on nuclear crisis talks and was ready to resume negotiations when conditions were favorable, a Chinese official said. "The North Korea side does not oppose and has not given up on the six-party talks. In the days coming, if the conditions are ripe, North Korea is willing to participate in the talks at any time," foreign ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao quoted Pak as telling Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Tuesday. "North Korea's position on realizing a nuclear free Korean peninsula and resolving the nuclear issues through talks has not changed at all," Pak said in his talks with Wen at the Great Hall of the People in central Beijing. Pak's six-day visit to China comes a day after US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice called on Beijing to put more pressure on the Stalinist regime to return to the stalled talks as Washington was considering "other options" if Pyongyang refused to negotiate. North Korea responded by saying it had increased its nuclear arsenal in preparation for a preemptive invasion by the United States, Yonhap news agency quoted the North Korean Central Broadcasting Station as saying late Monday. Copyright © 2005 AFP AFP. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 8 Santa Maria Times: Missile poised for first 2005 lauch Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2005 14:27:32 -0800 Missile poised for first 2005 lauch By Janene Scully/Associate Editor An unarmed Minuteman 3 missile is again poised to be the year's first launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base. The weapon and its dummy warhead are scheduled to blast out of an underground silo on North Base during a six-hour window that opens at 12:01 a.m. Wednesday. The missile's single unarmed re-entry vehicle is expected to travel approximately 4,200 miles in about 30 minutes, hitting a pre-determined target at the Kwajalein Missile Range in the western chain of the Marshall Islands. Weather doesn't appear very favorable for this test, with an 80 percent likelihood conditions will force a scrub, Air Force officials said. Among the lengthy list of concerns are clouds, lightning and winds. If the launch is delayed for 24 hours, there's a 60 percent chance conditions will prevent liftoff, according to the forecast. This launch initially was scheduled for early February until a technical glitch forced a postponement. Air Force officials blamed the delay on a problem with the missile's guidance system. The test is part of a program to verify the reliability and accuracy of the Minuteman 3 intercontinental ballistic missile force. A task force from the 341st Space Wing at Malmstrom AFB, Mont., led by Capt. Brian Koch, will launch the missile under the direction of the Vandenberg's 576th Flight Test Squadron. Capt. David Franklin, from the 576th, is the launch director. The Air Force has some 500 Minuteman 3 weapons on alert in the Great Plains states. The three-stage weapon, which stands at roughly 60 feet tall, can travel 15,000 mph and up to 6,000 miles. Meanwhile, at the opposite end of the base, Lockheed Martin crews successfully completed "booster on stand" operations with the flight vehicle that will launch a national security payload next year. This operation involved vertically stacking the rocket's booster stage, Centaur upper stage, and connecting segments at the newly refurbished Space Launch Complex-3 East. Associate Editor Janene Scully can be reached at 739-2214 or by e-mail at janscully@pulitzer.net. March 22,2005 www.santamariatimes.com ***************************************************************** 9 [southnews] Let Them Eat Yellowcake Date: Mon, 21 Mar 2005 23:53:56 -0600 (CST) ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Take a look at donorschoose.org, an excellent charitable web site for anyone who cares about public education! http://us.click.yahoo.com/O.5XsA/8WnJAA/E2hLAA/7gSolB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> One thing I've always found rather bothersome (among many things in the Bush administration) is the lack of a serious investigation of the origins of the forged documents purporting to be about uranium yellowcake sales from Niger to Iraq. Those documents didn't create themselves -- someone forged them, and someone had a motive to forge them. Someone was carrying out a deception operation to try to convince the U.S. (and the West more broadly) that the Baathist regim! e in Iraq had restarted its nuclear program. But who? We know that they entered the pipeline through Italian military intelligence (SISMI) in late 2001, and echoed around Western intelligence agencies, including the CIA and MI6, in the months after that... Let Them Eat Yellowcake The Gorilla in the Room Monday, March 21, 2005 One thing I've always found rather bothersome (among many things in the Bush administration) is the lack of a serious investigation < http://www.talkingpointsmemo.com/archives/week_2004_09_19.ph p#003490 > of the origins of the forged documents purporting to be about uranium yellowcake sales from Niger to Iraq. Those documents didn't create themselves -- someone forged them, and someone had a motive to forge them. Someone was carrying out a deception operation to try to convince the U.S. (and the West more broadly) that the Baathist regime in Iraq had restarted its nuclear program. But who? We know that they entered the pipeline through Italian military intelligence (SISMI) in late 2001, and echoed around Western intelligence agencies, including the CIA and MI6, in the months after that. Who had a motive? Well, the fact that the Israeli government and Iraqi exiles both wanted the U.S. to invade Iraq was well known, as with the American neocons. I don't pretend to know who did it, but given the standard investigative questions law enforcement agencies usually start with, American neocons themselves seem the most likely suspects, especially Michael Ledeen. He visited Rome for the meeting with Ghorbanifar et al in right around the time the Niger forgeries first entered the system, and senior officials of SISMI took part in those meetings with Ledeen. He also knew some of these people quite well, as he had lived there for a couple of years in the 1970s when he was writing for the New Republic, and frequently cited "Italian intelligence sources" in his articles. It's also interesting to note that Ghorbanifar lives in France, not Italy, why not just meet with him in France? And why involve officials from SISMI? Does this mean that he was somehow involved? I don't know. But he does seem to have 1) a motive, 2) have been at the scene of the crime around the time it happened, and 3) know some of the other people involved. Some people have suggested that the Israelis might have done it themselves. I'm almost certain they didn't. First, while it was clear that the Israeli govenment would be favorably disposed to the U.S. taking out Saddam, I don't think they would risk the damage the U.S.-Israel relationship which could result if such a deception operation were exposed. Second, if they did it, they wouldn't have done such an amateurish job of forging the documents themselves. What I do suspect is that the American neocons did it for them, as the Ledeen/Rhode/Franklin timeline suggests may have been the case. The American people deserve a full investigation. Since Michael Ledeen sometime posts on blogs, like here < http://www.jihadwatch.org/archives/000197.php#c426 > and here < http://www.belgraviadispatch.com/archives/004381.html#11369 > maybe he can grace us with his presence and explain himself. But I'd rather have him do it under oath on Capitol Hill. Why are Dems on the Hill letting this go? Whether my theory is right or not, somebody out there clearly was running a deception operation against the U.S. government designed to get us into Iraq. Don't we want to know who? gorillaintheroom.blogspot.com/2005/03/let-them-eat-yellowcake.html ____________________________________________ Danger nuclear mistakes will be repeated March 21, 2005 Sydney Morning Herald Double standards continue to shape policy in Australia and the US, writes Richard Broinowski. Pro-nuclear pundits are becoming excited about prospects of new Australian uranium sales. Under pressure to limit greenhouse gas emissions, Japan, South Korea, India and China are said to be planning to build nuclear power reactors. Some European countries are reconsidering their moratoriums against new nuclear power facilities. The US may augment its ageing inventory of 105 reactors. The spot price for uranium has increased sharply in recent months, raising speculation about the economic bonanza this could bring to Australia. The Ranger uranium mine in the Northern Territory and Olympic Dam in South Australia could be augmented by up to 28 other mines across Australia that are just waiting on escalating prices to open for business, we are told. Australia could at once correct its trade deficit, realise its role as the Saudi Arabia of uranium, and help rid the planet of greenhouse gas emissions from hydrocarbons. The Coalition is eager to get in on the bonanza, even if it can't seem to remember the original conditions of export laid down by the Coalition government under Malcolm Fraser in 1977. While announcing yet another inquiry into Australia's "non-fossil" resources - read uranium - the Resources Minister, Ian Macfarlane, said in Canberra last week that he wanted to maximise uranium sales, but only "to countries who have signed all the relevant non-proliferation clauses and regulations". Well, no, Minister. Let's get our terms correct. Surely only to countries which have ratified the entire nuclear non-proliferation treaty and which have negotiated a separate bilateral agreement with Australia. In such a dangerous business, defining the conditions of sale precisely is important. AdvertisementAdvertisement As well, the Foreign Minister, Alexander Downer, says Australia and China have begun to negotiate a bilateral treaty on uranium. How tight will this be? Are you going to insist that China must seek our permission to transfer, enrich beyond 20 per cent or re-process Australian uranium on a case-by-case basis as the original safeguards stipulated, or allow the commercially more attractive option of a program approach, as we've done with Japan and South Korea? Will Australian companies be allowed to negotiate commercial contracts before a bilateral agreement is in place with the Chinese Government, as happened with the Japanese, thus weakening our capacity to insist on a proper safeguards regime? Political indifference to expanding Australian uranium sales - in the Labor Party as much as the Coalition - is in sharp contrast with the popular concern that threatened to divide Australian society in the late 1970s and '80s. Fraser's conditions of export announced in 1977 were much tighter than those of today. And in 1982, Labor almost tore itself apart at the party's national conference. Bob Hawke and the Labor Right prevailed over the Left by scrapping the party's 1977 blanket moratorium against mining, allowing contracts negotiated under the Fraser government to run until 1996, and brokering a new three-mine policy. Ranger and Nabarlek were allowed to continue to operate in the Northern Territory. Western Mining's gigantic new copper, gold and uranium mine at Roxby Downs became Australia's third uranium mine. Where is the public controversy today? Over possible exports of uranium to China, and the bilateral treaty that would have to precede it, there has been little public discussion. In the Labor Party, only the West Australian Premier, Geoff Gallop, has announced his unequivocal opposition to uranium mining in his state. Meanwhile, the Opposition spokesman on resources, Martin Ferguson, enthusiastically favours the export of uranium, including to China. Failures in the past to isolate our uranium completely from nuclear weapons programs will apparently not be revisited or reflected on. The failures look like being repeated, particularly in China. And Australia looks like being caught out over another nuclear issue. The next five-year review of the nuclear non-proliferation treaty will be held at the United Nations in New York from May 2 to 27. Little has appeared in the Australian media about this crucial conference. But at a Canberra seminar on March 11, some of Australia's official thinking was revealed. Two senior Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade officials maintained that the Government continues strongly to favour nuclear non-proliferation. "Practical and realistic" steps must be adhered to. In particular, rogue states such as North Korea and Iran must be forced to stop their nuclear weapons programs. Their non-compliance threatens the whole treaty. But nothing was said about nuclear weapons already held outside the provisions of the treaty by India, Pakistan and Israel. The Australians said a team of Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade officials will tour Australia in April, before the treaty review conference, to ascertain public attitudes to all nuclear issues. What is troubling about all this is that the Australian presentation could have been drafted in Washington. No divisions of opinion were discernible between the Australians and a US policy paper presented to the conference by a middle-level American diplomat. The nuclear activities of rogue states and terrorists are the main targets. The successful efforts of India, Pakistan and Israel to illegally acquire nuclear weapons are no longer an issue. Significantly, the Australians didn't mention, let alone condemn, nuclear weapons-related activities of the US sanctioned since 2001 by President George Bush. But the American diplomat at the conference had no problem turning most of them into virtues. They include the unilateral abrogation of the anti-ballistic missile treaty with Russia, refusal to ratify the comprehensive test ban treaty and research and development of new miniaturised nuclear weapons. Astonishingly, the US diplomat said she was not aware of plans by the US Department of Energy to build a new plutonium facility to rearm ageing nuclear weapons and prime new ones. Australian diplomats may argue with their American colleagues at the margins, for example, over the desirability of the US ratifying the comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty, or interpretation of the Fissile Materials Cut-Off Treaty. But what really shapes their position is the unstated but well-understood Australian Government policy that its great protector - the US - should never forfeit its overwhelming superiority over all other nations in nuclear weaponry. Double standards will therefore continue to shape nuclear policy in Canberra and Washington, and erode the non-proliferation treaty. Do as we say, not as we do. Australia may consider nuclear weapons an exclusive part of the defensive armouries of its ally. But other countries outside the Western alliance will disagree, and increasingly want to develop their own. Richard Broinowski is a former Australian diplomat and author ofFact or Fission - the truth about Australia's nuclear ambitions (Scribe Publications, 2003). The archives of South News can be found at http://southmovement.alphalink.com.au/southnews/ Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/southnews/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: southnews-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 10 TheNewsTribune.com: MARTIN SCHRAM: Punish government liars Scripps Howard News Service Tuesday, March 22nd, 2005 11:00 AM (PST) (SH) - Our focus today is on governments that lie. Which is to say: Governments. Also, how journalists who cover governments communicate to citizens the fact that the government has just told another lie. Which is to say: Accurately, but usually euphemistically. Journalists who cover a town hall, city hall, statehouse or White House have all had the experience of covering a story in which the government is lying. It makes no difference whether the halls and houses are controlled by Democrats or Republicans. Lies happen. Sometimes daily. We begin with a primer on government lies. There are two ways government officials lie to us: (1) By telling us things that are not true; (2) By not telling us things that are true. So it is that journalists who cover government, like golfers, are required to play it as it lies, as a matter of course. It has become so routine that we do it by rote and write it in code. On Tuesday, March 22, The Washington Post told us about two instances that fall within Category 2 - lies by willful omission. But, of course, the Post journalists did not quite call it that, because we have been trained to use all the euphemisms that are fit to print. A front-page story headlined, "New EPA Mercury Rule Omits Conflicting Data," reported that the Environmental Protection Agency had contended its modest new limits on mercury emissions from U.S. power plants controls could not be tougher because the cost to industry already far exceeded any public health benefit - but the EPA stripped from the documents the fact that an EPA-financed study had reached the opposite conclusion. Indeed, that analysis, peer reviewed by a number of EPA scientists, estimated health benefits 100 times greater than the EPA said they were. A page A3 story headlined, "Justice Redacted Memo on Detainees: FBI Criticism Of Interrogations Was Deleted," reported: "U.S. law enforcement agents working at the military prison in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, concluded that controversial interrogation practices used there by the Defense Department produced intelligence information that was 'suspect at best,' an FBI agent told a superior in a memo in May last year." But the Justice Department, at the urging of the Defense Department, blacked out that key fact when a federal judge ordered that the memo had to be released to the American Civil Liberties Union last December. Officials also redacted the agent's warning that the practices could undermine future trials of terrorism suspects. Sen. Carl Levin, D-Mich., forced Justice to reveal the blacked-out matters and then released the actual memo, saying: "As I suspected, the previously withheld information had nothing to do with protecting intelligence sources and methods, and everything to do with protecting the DOD from embarrassment." This points up a need for another quickie primer. There are two reasons government officials lie: (1) Because it is easier/more expedient/less embarrassing to tell untruths and withhold tough truths; (2) Because officials know that mayors/governors/presidents rarely, if ever, fire officials who lie in their behalf. No wonder governments find it convenient to lie to their own citizens and even lie to the world. Consider two examples of domestic and global nuclear lies from last Sunday's news. On March 20, The New York Times reported about a home-front government lie: "E-Mail Shows False Claims About Tests at Nevada Nuclear Site." The article reported that internal Energy Department e-mails about Bush administration plans to open a nuclear waste repository within Nevada's Yucca Mountain revealed that the department made "false claims" in documenting its assurances that the radioactive material could be safely stored for eons. For example, equipment was certified as properly calibrated before it had even been received. On March 20, The Washington Post reported about a global government lie: "U.S. Misled Allies About Nuclear Export: North Korea Sent Material To Pakistan, Not to Libya." The article reported that "In an effort to increase pressure on North Korea," Bush officials had told Asian allies that Pyongyang provided nuclear material to Libya - but that U.S. intelligence had reported the material went to Pakistan, which sold it to Libya, and officials had no evidence North Korea knew of the second transaction. So we have four examples with one common trait. They are lies with footprints. It should be easy to find and fire the officials who invented - and approved - each plan to tell untruths and withhold tough truths. Just give the order, Mr. President. 1950 South State Street, Tacoma, Washington 98405 253-597-8742 © Copyright 2005 Tacoma News, Inc. A subsidiary of The McClatchy ***************************************************************** 11 [NYTr] Pakistani's Black Market May Offer Secrets of Nuclear Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2005 16:59:29 -0600 (CST) Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit The New York Times - Mar 21, 2005 http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/21/international/asia/21nukes.html Pakistani's Black Market May Offer Secrets to Build Nuclear Weapons By WILLIAM J. BROAD and DAVID E. SANGER Nuclear investigators from the United States and other nations now believe that the black market network run by the Pakistani scientist A. Q. Khan was selling not only technology for enriching nuclear fuel and blueprints for nuclear weapons, but also some of the darkest of the bomb makers' arts: the hard-to-master engineering secrets needed to fabricate nuclear warheads. Their suspicions were initially raised by the discovery of step-by-step instructions, some of which appear to have come from China and Pakistan, among the documents recovered last year from Libya. More recently, investigators have found that the Khan network had offered similar materials to Iran. The secrets range from how to cast uranium metal into the form needed at the core of a bomb to how to build the explosive lenses that compress the core and start the detonation. The discoveries have set off a debate in the intelligence community about whether those technological skills made their way to North Korea and Iran. President Bush has vowed he will not tolerate either country's obtaining a nuclear weapon. Iran was a customer of the Khan network, and while it appears to have turned down the offer of the engineering secrets in 1987, some intelligence officials are concerned that it picked up the technology elsewhere. North Korea, which is believed to have two separate bomb projects under way, also did business with the Khan network, although precisely what it obtained is not clear. The weeks leading up to Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice's visit to China this weekend, American officials provided their Chinese counterparts with a stream of new information about North Korea's nuclear program, but it is not clear how much detail they went into about their latest suspicions. The Chinese, for their part, are skeptical of the quality of the American intelligence. The inability of intelligence officials to track down the whereabouts of the bomb-making instructions underscores the fact that more than a year since Mr. Khan's arrest and pardon by Pakistan's president, Gen. Pervez Musharraf, there are still many mysteries about what exactly the Khan network was selling, and to whom. The United States has not been allowed to interview Dr. Khan, and Ms. Rice raised concerns about cooperation in the nuclear investigation when she met with General Musharraf last week. But American officials and the International Atomic Energy Agency are beginning to extract information from Dr. Khan's chief deputy, Buhari Sayed Abu Tahir, who is in jail in Malaysia. "It's becoming clearer to us that Khan was selling a complete package," said a senior American official involved in the setting of nuclear strategy. "Not a turnkey operation - that would be overstating it - but close to it." To investigators and other experts, the discovery that Dr. Khan was selling step-by-step directions for making crucial parts of a bomb was startling. "The real secrets are in the details of the metallurgy, the manufacturing and the engineering," said Siegfried S. Hecker, director of the Los Alamos weapons laboratory from 1986 to 1997 and now a senior fellow there. Intelligence officials in the United States and European diplomats said documents from Libya and Iran showed the Khan network had offered for sale instructions on such tricky manufacturing steps as purifying uranium, casting it into a nuclear core and making the explosives that compress the core and set off a chain reaction. Unlike bomb designs themselves, these manufacturing secrets can take years or even decades for a country to learn on its own. Thomas B. Cochran, a senior scientist at the Natural Resources Defense Council in Washington, a private group that tracks nuclear arms, said having the manufacturing instructions was a tremendous leap beyond rudimentary bomb designs. "I can show you the schematic of an automobile that has a engine and a transmission, and go to a book that describes how the pistons work," he said. "But if you actually want to build a car, you need the details and step-by-step procedures for everything from casting the components, to machining them, to assembling them." Dr. Khan is a metallurgist and an expert at making both centrifuges that enrich uranium and nuclear warheads. Investigators say that in the early 1980's, he obtained the detailed blueprints for a Chinese atomic bomb. The first public hint that Dr. Khan's network traded in bomb designs and engineering instruction emerged in 1995 after United Nations inspectors in Iraq found a set of documents describing an offer made to Baghdad before the Persian Gulf war of 1991. An internal Iraqi memorandum, dated June 10, 1990, told of an unidentified middleman saying that Dr. Khan could help Iraq "establish a project to enrich uranium and manufacture a nuclear weapon" and that he was "prepared to give us project designs for a nuclear bomb." The Iraqis never took up the proposal, which they judged a scam or a sting operation. Western experts also questioned its authenticity. But the apparent validity of the offer became clear in late 2003 when Libya showed investigators blueprints for a 10-kiloton atomic bomb that it got from the Khan network. The International Atomic Energy Agency reported that the documents included information on both nuclear design and fabrication, calling it of "utmost concern." The Libya disclosure touched off a global hunt for more Khan documents. Officials in the United States and Europe said the trail recently led to Dubai, where Mr. Tahir, the Sri Lankan businessman who was Dr. Khan's deputy, ran a front company, SMB Computers. They said reliable network sources had told of seeing bomb documents there that contained step-by-step instructions on how to fabricate components for nuclear arms. Intense searches in Dubai, they added, had so far failed to turn up the documents. The latest development in the hunt came March 1 with the disclosure of the network's 1987 offer to Iran of centrifuge machines and materials, as well as "uranium reconversion and casting capabilities," according to an I.A.E.A. report. While investigators have determined that Tehran paid precious hard currency to the Khan network for nuclear equipment, it appears to have turned down the offer of the engineering secrets necessary to build the core of a nuclear weapon. European and American officials said they considered the 1987 transaction some of the best evidence that Iran sought, starting at least 18 years ago, to assemble the technologies needed to build a nuclear arsenal. "It adds a piece to the puzzle that makes the whole thing more incriminating," a European official said. "But is this a smoking gun? No. Does this make people more suspicious? Yes." * Search the NYTr Archives at: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ To subscribe or unsubscribe or change your settings via the web, visit: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail: nyt@blythe.org ================================================================= ***************************************************************** 12 [NYTr] New Zealand Greens Want to Give Vanunu Asylum Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2005 17:02:23 -0600 (CST) Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit BBC News Online - Mar 21, 2005 http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/asia-pacific/4368269.stm New Zealand 'should take in Vanunu' New Zealand's Green Party has called for former Israeli nuclear technician Mordechai Vanunu to be offered a New Zealand passport. Party spokesman Keith Locke proposed the offer in recognition of Vanunu's continued "persecution" in Israel. Israeli-New Zealand relations have suffered in recent years over the trial of two alleged Israeli spies. Vanunu was charged in Israel last week with violating the terms of his release from jail last year. Vanunu served 18 years in jail, most of it in solitary confinement, for disclosing details of Israel's nuclear programme. He was released in April under strict conditions. Israeli officials say they are not aware of any plans to take him into custody. The New Zealand government has not yet commented on the Green Party request. Under the terms of his release, Vanunu is not allowed to leave Israel. 'Deserving of passport' Mr Locke, Green Party spokesman on foreign affairs said: "We tell the Israeli authorities we were dead against them getting fraudulent passports, but Mr Vanunu is one prominent Israeli who does deserve." In September 2004, two suspected Israeli spies were deported from New Zealand after they finished jail terms for illegally trying to obtain a passport. Uriel Kelman and Eli Cara got six-month sentences in July, but denied working for Israeli intelligence agency Mossad. New Zealand Prime Minister Helen Clark severed all high-level diplomatic relations with Israel, demanding an apology before they could be restored. The Israeli government has never commented on the men's status. * Search the NYTr Archives at: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ To subscribe or unsubscribe or change your settings via the web, visit: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail: nyt@blythe.org ================================================================= ***************************************************************** 13 nuke-free world postcard: straightgoods.com Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2005 15:16:51 -0600 (CST) from: http://www.straightgoods.ca/ViewActNote5.cfm?REF=11 No nukes! Sign this postcard and support the World Court Declaration calling for a nuclear weapons free world. Dateline: Sunday, March 20, 2005 from Physicians for Global Survival (Canada) "I do not accept that nuclear weapons can defend me, my country, or the values that I stand for. I therefore demand that negotiations be started leading to the abolition of nuclear weapons under strict and effective international control. " .. whole article at: http://www.straightgoods.ca/ViewActNote5.cfm?REF=11 Penney Kome, author and journalist http://penneykome.ca Editor, Straight Goods, http://straightgoods.com ***************************************************************** 14 inadaily.com: Nuke claim worries Delhi [International News Alliance] [http://www.asianage.com] India | Seema Mustafa New Delhi: Pakistan, which has passed the nuclear minimum deterrence level with the test-firing of the long-range Shaheen-II missile, is well on its way to developing missiles that can hit any target in India. Pakistan President Gen. Pervez Musharraf's statement that "we have crossed the minimum deterrence level" has created a stir in nuclear and security circles here, with experts pointing out that "over a period of time Pakistan will be developing missiles with the necessary range to hit all parts of India." A nuclear missile buildup by both India and Pakistan, which are showing no signs of putting a brake on their respective nuclear programmes, experts warn, could push both to a "hair-trigger alert" position, with missiles then ranged to be launched on warning. This could create tremendous instability in the region, particularly if relations between the two countries deteriorate. Gen. Musharraf did not mention India specifically, but said: "We have assessed the threats and quantified the deterrence level in nuclear and conventional areas," maintaining that the successful test firing of the Shaheen-II missile was a "big milestone." Nuclear experts agreed that the President was also addressing his own domestic constituency which has been suspicious of the country's nuclear programme falling into US hands. The extremist parties and sections of the Urdu press in Pakistan have voiced this fear repeatedly, with President Musharraf's strong statement also intended to allay these suspicions. The Pakistan government's refusal to allow nuclear scientist A.Q. Khan to be questioned by US officials is also a response to the influential domestic opinion which will view this as a complete surrender to the US. The assessment here is that the passing reference to Dr Khan by US secretary of state Condoleezza Rice during her recent visit to Pakistan has also ensured the statement by Gen. Musharraf. Commodore Uday Bhaskar of the Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses is of the view that India should not take this development seriously as it was "positive" in that it established a certain "mutuality" between India and Pakistan. He said that if Islamabad was assured that it had crossed the minimum deterrence after test-firing the Shaheen-II missile it could only "contribute to stability." He was, in fact, more concerned about Ms Rice's statement about a regional balance between India and Pakistan, maintaining that once both had acquired "the necessary level of nuclear mutuality" there should not be any need to enter into an arms race to establish conventional equality as well. Achin Vanaik, of the Coalition for Nuclear Disarmament and Peace, who has been actively working for nuclear disarmament, was of the view that the Pakistan position now would lead to the development of more missiles so that it "can claim that its deterrence capacity is getting longer." He pointed out that the subsequent course of events could take both countries into a situation of "hair-trigger alert" that would encourage one or the other to launch a missile if given a warning that the other was about to do the same. As he pointed out, in a nuclear war the country to first hit another has the advantage. Even today the US and Russia have missiles ranged against each other on a hair-trigger alert. Gen. Musharraf had earlier maintained that Pakistan could cause considerable damage to targets within range in India and had the minimum deterrence required to prevent a nuclear confrontation. The latest development, experts say, would encourage both countries to develop more missiles and acquire the capability to destroy each other "a few times over." Commodore Bhaskar did not agree, maintaining that "mutuality" would bring its own element of sobriety into the nuclear relations between the two countries. [http://www.asianage.com/?INA=2:175:175:148499] © 2005 The Asian Age Copyright © 2005 The International News Alliance. ***************************************************************** 15 Interfax: U.S. experts will not inspect Russia's nuclear facilities - Interfax.com [http://www.interfax.com] Text version Mar 22 2005 4:45PM Ivanov ST. PETERSBURG. March 22 (Interfax) - Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said that no negotiations are currently being held on U.S. experts inspecting Russia's nuclear facilities. "We are not discussing any possible inspections of Russian nuclear facilities by U.S. experts," Ivanov told journalists in St. Petersburg on Tuesday. "More than that, both sides [Russia and the U.S.] have stated that security at their nuclear facilities is on an appropriate level," Ivanov said. © 1991-2004 Interfax ***************************************************************** 16 IAEA: Transcript: Director General's CNN Interview - 17 March 2005 + [IAEA.ORG :: Atoms for Peace] AMANPOUR: For the last many decades the NPT, the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty, has been in effect, and it essentially gives the countries who signed up the rights to explore nuclear technology for peaceful purposes. Do you agree that there is problem now that any country including those with suspicious motives are allowed to use this? MOHAMED ELBARADEI, DIRECTOR GENERAL, IAEA: There is a problem, Christiane, the NPT has served us well for the last three decades to regulate the use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes and to make sure it is not being used for military purposes, things have changed since 1970, we have realized the technology is spreading, a country that could have access to highly enriched uranium or plutonium for example is not far away from a nuclear weapon so we need to look, revaluate the Non-Proliferation Treaty, not amend it, but build on it, and that´s what I´ve been saying we need a new framework for using nuclear technology for the 21st century. AMANPOUR: What is your solution? ELBARADEI: My solution that we need better country of the sensitive part of the fuel cycle that highly enriched uranium, plutonium, that no one country alone should sit on a factory that produces highly enriched uranium or plutonium. In fact the whole debate has been triggered by Iraq, where the international community have indicated a great deal of concern, that such a sensitive technology in the region could add to an already destabilized region, but it is not just Iran specific, I think we need to look at the big picture, we need to make sure that every country in the future has an assurance of supply, they have access to nuclear technology for electricity purposes, for other application, but try to minimize the risk associated with that, by having an international consortium for example, producing the fuel and then take back the fuel again under international supervision. AMANPOUR: So in other words, don´t let them enrich their own uranium? ELBARADEI: Correct, no one county can enrich its own uranium, but international group, international consortium, regional centers when you have a redundancy of oversight, so we have a better system of controlling that sensitive part. Now we have seen, after A.Q. Khan, illicit trafficking that if you have the fissile material you are really months away from a nuclear weapon and that margin of security is too close for comfort. AMANPOUR: What is the Bush administration solution; do they have an alternative to the NPT? ELBARADEI: No I think they continue to support as everyone the NPT, I think Bush supports that we have a cut-off as they say, so those who have that enrichment capability should keep it, should provide that facility to other countries but no new countries should acquire that technology. Obviously a lot of other countries are not happy with that proposal, say it is discriminatory because why shouldn´t also we have it even if we are latecomer and this I think Bush, again, I share the same objective, we need a better system of control. My proposal however it is not that the early bird eat the worm but we should a system by which everyone perceives it to be inclusive and fair, fairness is usually the key to a durable solution and my proposal is let us have a time out let us stop any new country developing, let´s stop developing nuclear any nuclear facility being built for now, let us see how we better control the facility, let us have a system by which every country is assured of supply so no country can say I want to have my own independent enrichment or reprocessing. I think this is a must in the near term and medium term, particularly we are going to expect a major expansion in the use of nuclear technology for electricity and generation if you look at India and China... even Europe; Finland starts now developing a nuclear reactor so we are going to see a major expansion with the use of nuclear technology and with that we need to make sure that as we go expanding that as we expand that use of technology for environmental impact etc, we need to make sure that we do not increase the risk associate with it. AMANPOUR: You said this is all triggered by the Iran problem, the Russians have just said that they´ll get back their spent-fuel for their Busher reactor, is that what you mean? ELBARADEI: That is basically what I mean, this is a microcosm of what we should have in future, that we have a consortium of countries, companies under appropriate control providing the fuel and then taking back the spent fuel so you get electricity without the risk associated with the technology. AMANPOUR: Is Iran agreeing? ELBARADEI: I think Iran is one player in this whole debate, Iran obviously would like to have their own independent enrichment, I think they insist we should not be treated differently from any other country and that is why I am saying Iran´s solution... Iran is of course a special case because there is a lot of concern about Iran because of the undeclared nature of the program for the last two decades, so there is a lot of apprehension about it and I think Iran understood that apprehension by agreeing to suspend its enrichment operation but Iran is symptomatic of a larger problem that we need to address. AMANPOUR: Is Iran agreeing to send back their spent fuel to Russia? ELBARADEI: Yes Iran agreed to send back the spent fuel to Russia, so this is a good beginning, in fact Iran is saying we want electricity but we are ready to use the fuel provided by Russia and then send it back to Russia. AMANPOUR: Iran said it should have the right to make its own enriched uranium, but is it still hell-bent on enriching itself? ELBARADEI: I think that is what they say and what they are saying is this is a right we have like any other country and we should not be treated any differently and this is a right we want to use for own independent fuel cycle, that we would like to be an exporter. But however with that they are still maintaining a full suspension of that enrichment capability. They are engaged into dialogue with the Europeans right now. You see what is happening Christiane is two things, we are the IAEA, we are trying to clarify the past, a lot of activity that has been concealed for two decades and we are still not there yet and I have been saying Iran is playing by the book we have improved cooperation but I still, because of that undeclared nature of the program, I need much more proactive transparency to build confidence, so that is a legal obligation Iran has to comply with, Iran has to comply with its legal obligation under the NPT to come clean if you like, in parallel with that the Europeans are saying, well the nuclear issue in Iran is part of a larger problem, part of strained relationship between Iran and the rest of the world, particularly Europe and the United States... is marred by sanctions, boycott, etc. It is a feeling of insecurity in Iran, so let us look at the nuclear issue in Iran as part of larger problem, and that´s what is happening in the negotiation between Europe and Iran, they are putting the nuclear issue on the table but also security, technology, trade, and I think that is the way to go. You need to look at the nuclear issue as part of the broader relationship between a particular country and the rest of the world. No different from the North Korean... and I am very happy now to see the U.S. is joining that effort, I have been saying for a while that this, in my view, will never succeed unless the U.S. does the heavy lifting, as Senator Lugar indicated recently, particularly in the area of security particularly in the area of technology. And I am now much hopeful than before that if we endure we will be able to have a solution that assure Iran that it will have the right to use nuclear technology for peaceful purposes but also assure the international community that the Iranian program is exclusively for peaceful purposes. AMANPOUR: And yet in the last few days and weeks we are seeing reports they are buying centrifuges, building tunnels, are they doing that? Are they consciously trying to hide what they are doing from you still? ELBARADEI: I am not sure they are trying to hide; they are trying to protect their activities. There have been talks that they might be subject to a military strike so they need to build tunnels to protect their equipment. They are fulfilling their legal obligation as I said, there is a minor infraction here and there but much less than in the past when there was a major concealment of the program but again this is not for me and the international community this is not enough. Iran needs to created a confident deficit, they need to rebuild confidence, and for that they need to go out of their way to be transparent it is in their own interest and the interest of the international community. AMANPOUR: If they don´t give up their centrifuge technology, they can build a bomb? ELBARADEI: Well, not necessarily, they will have the capability to have the nuclear material they can use to build a bomb. I mean having enriched uranium does not mean automatically that you can, that you are going to have a bomb. Part of the difficulty with the nuclear technology is they are dual use, that you can use it for peaceful purpose or military purpose. It´s a question of intention and that is why when we discuss Iran there is a lot you hear about Iran has intention. And that´s why when we discuss Iran there are a lot of... You hear Iran has the intentions, has the ambitions... we are suspicious... it is very difficult to read intentions and that is why I am saying: we do the facts, we look at the facts on the ground, we report on capabilities, and of course, as I said because of the Middle East situation, unstable situation in the Middle East, because of the Iran concealment over many years, the suspicion is great and that is why Iran needs to do everything they can to build confidence I think without clarifying the past, Christiane, without making sure that the past is clear we will not be successful in regulating the future. So the more Iran does to clarify the past, the more they will be successful, in my view, in their dialogue with the Europeans and the U.S. and the rest of the world. AMANPOUR: You have always said the U.S. needs to be on board, are you satisfied that the U.S. is now on board and doing enough? ELBARADEI: I think it is a very good step in the right direction. I would like hopefully to see the U.S. as things move forward to be fully engaged, but clearly this is a sea-change for me because I was not at all optimistic that things could work without the U.S. engagement, and to have them now engaged, to see President Bush and Secretary Rice saying that they are actively supporting the European initiative, I think it is very a welcome step. AMANPOUR: What does it mean that they are engaged, why is it so important if the Europeans are doing an ok job? ELBARADEI: Well, because if you look at any of the areas where Iran has grievances or would like to see rewards for its suspension or possibly at the end agreeing to a comprehensive framework, you need to the U.S. every step of the way for example if Iran were to join the WTO you need a U.S. consent, if Iran wants to modernize its Boeing fleet or buy an Airbus you need a U.S. consent because of the sanction there, and particularly if you want to look into regional security and that is an issue very much on the agenda you need the U.S. involvement to provide security assurance. AMANPOUR: But hasn´t the U.S. just raised the possibility of WTO and other things and the Iranians have laughed at it? They said they must be hallucinating, what´s going on here? ELBARADEI: Well, this part of the negotiation, if the U.S. is saying we are ready to lift the ban on joining the WTO, we are ready to provide your spare parts, basically the Iranians are saying this is not enough. Well, we will hear a lot of that from both sides saying you are offering too much you are offering less than what we expect but this, we should endure, as I said, this is part of the negotiations, the Iranians are good in negotiations, the Europeans are good in negotiations, but we need to make sure the process continues and it is not derailed, that to me is the most important, as long as the parties are talking we are on the right track. AMANPOUR: There has been a presidential commission has been looking at intelligence as far as capabilities of certain countries such as Iran, early leaks have basically called the nature of American intelligence on Iranian nuclear situation and the North Korean situation, quote "scandalous"... what do you think? ELBARADEI: I am not privy to exactly what they have other than what they provided us. What I have been saying for a while is that Iran has been working on an undeclared program for many years, Iran has developed the capability of enriching uranium that obviously could be used for peaceful purpose and not peaceful purpose, this like any other country but we have not seen a proof that Iran is developing a nuclear weapon, because we have not seen nuclear materials diverted into a weapon. But at the same time we have been saying for a while the jury is still out we can not certify this is a program fully dedicated for peaceful purpose. That is no different from what I hear now coming from Washington, Washington saying that because of the undeclared nature of the program, we are suspicious about the Iranian ambition, that is no different really from where we are, but we are still in the middle or examining the Iranian program but I am not ready to jump the gun and say this is a weapon program. AMANPOUR: In general do you and your organization provide more intelligence on Iran´s situation or does the U.S. provide more information to you, how does it work? ELBARADEI: We generate a lot of information by being on the ground if you see what we have achieved in the last year and a half, I am proud of our record... AMANPOUR: And you are the only ones on the ground? ELBARADEI: We are the only ones on the ground because we have the legal authority to be there and right now our understanding of the nature and extent of the Iranian nuclear program is sea-change from what we knew two years ago when the Iranian program was almost a black box, so being on the ground is absolutely important. AMANPOUR: The United States was lobbying against you being reappointed you being head of the IAEA, some of the people in the administration were put off that you didn´t agree with their analysis of the Iraq situation, turns out yours was closer to accurate, are they still lobbying against you, or do you think you will be reappointed? ELBARADEI: I don´t really know, other than I know I have been asked by a majority of countries to continue to serve, simply because we are in the middle of a crisis situation, we talked about Iran we talked about proliferation of nuclear technology. So, there is as I was told by the chairman of our board of governors, which is in charge of that process, that I have strong and broad support. AMANPOUR: Is there anybody else who has put a candidacy forth? ELBARADEI: I am the only candidate, but again I should say this is a public service, I would like to continue because I have a job to do but I need to make sure everybody provide me the necessary support if I do that I would be happy to serve, if not I would be happy to move on. AMANPOUR: Is the UK supporting you? ELBARADEI: I haven´t heard anybody say they are not supporting me. AMANPOUR: Senator Nunn, has said at least in the ´94 agreement between the U.S. and North Korea at least the U.S. knew where the nunclear material was, it was in the storage place in the reactor in the Pyongyang area, now does anybody know where it is? ELBARADEI: We have no clue and that is why when people sometimes grumble about our slow pace in Iran, I would like them to compare that situation with North Korea and Iran we are active we are generating information and we know what going on more or less... in Korea it is an absolutely black hole because we are not there. So in any country an absence of verification... you have to rely on conjecture and that is what we are doing in North Korea. We know through satellite that they have processed the spent fuel and they have now the plutonium ready to be developed into a bomb. We know they have said they have already nuclear weapon. I would like to go back to North Korea as early as possible. I would hope they would invite me to the agency to resume a dialogue with them. I think this would be very good step in the right direction. I understand that they have security concerns but I also understand the international committee is deeply concerned about their program so we need - not dissimilar from Iran - again everybody concerned to sit together to develop a package that assure the country needs and the international community needs. AMANPOUR: Could they be making bombs right now? ELBARADEI: It is not at all excluded because they have that plutonium they can readily use into nuclear weapon, they have the industrial infrastructure, but more importantly they said they are doing it. So based on our technical assessment we see no technical barrier that they could be able or already have nuclear weapon. AMANPOUR: In terms of a nuclear weapons menace, which is more threatening now, Iran or North Korea? ELBARADEI: We know North Korea has the plutonium that can go already into a bomb, we have not seen any such material in Iran that is why I am saying unless you have the nuclear material you can not have the weapon, you might have the intention, you might have the ambition but unless you have the nuclear material for the bomb, you cannot have the bomb in short span of time. In North Korea they have the material, in Iran we have not seen such material so there is a vast difference when we talk about North Korea we talk about an imminent threat or an imminent danger, when we talk about Iran we talk about suspicion of a nuclear program ambition, there is a big difference there. Copyright 2003-2004, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagramer Strasse 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria Telephone (+431) 2600-0; Facsimilie (+431) 2600-7; E-mail: Official.Mail@iaea.org [Official.Mail@iaea.org] Disclaimer ***************************************************************** 17 NEWS.com.au: Nuclear disaster warning (23-03-2005) By Rob Taylor March 23, 2005 From: AAP AN Indonesian plan to build two full-size nuclear reactors has outraged green groups and surprised analysts, who warned it would be a disaster-in-waiting for the volcanic island chain that is plagued by earthquakes and terrorism. Indonesia's ambassador to the UN International Atomic Energy Agency, Thomas Aquino Sriwidjaja, said yesterday Jakarta has revived a plan to have nuclear power within 10 years. He told a Paris conference on the future of nuclear power that the world's most populous Muslim nation needed to expand its sources of energy, even though it was a member of the OPEC oil cartel. He promised the proposed plants would be fully protected against the threat of terrorist attacks, despite Indonesia having been rocked by a series of deadly bombings in recent years. "The introduction of a nuclear power program by the Indonesian government would not only serve as a solution to the rising demand for electricity, but is also expected to help save and prolong fossil energy for other purposes, as well as a part of global efforts to reduce global warming effects," Mr Sriwidjaja said. Indonesia already has three small research reactors located in Serpong, Yogyakarta and Bandung, operated by its National Nuclear Energy Agency. An agency spokesman, Deddy Harsono, said the Government planned to build two full-size nuclear power plants with a capacity of 600 megawatts by 2016. One would be in the central Java city of Jepara, while the other would be on Madura island near east Java. Mr Sriwidjaja called on developed countries to help Jakarta develop its nuclear energy program. Australia – a major exporter of uranium – has previously expressed reservations about the idea. Green activists warned of terrorist attacks and said construction safeguards would be compromised by Indonesia's endemic corruption problem. "We are worried about sabotage," Ms Mutmainah, an anti-nuclear activist, said. "When it's in irresponsible hands what would happen?" Indonesia is one of the world's most earthquake prone and volcanically active nations – a fact tragically highlighted by the magnitude 9 quake and tsunami that devastated Aceh on Boxing Day, she said. "We know the technology will not be safe and we won't master it," Ms Mutmainah said. Hening Parlan, a nuclear expert formerly with the Indonesian Environment Forum, said Indonesia had other energy options, including some of the world's largest natural gas reserves. "Why not maximise them instead of using nuclear as an alternative?" she said. Mr Sriwidjaja said Indonesia – a signatory to the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty signatory and the IAEA's Additional Protocol permitting more intrusive, short-notice inspections – was aware of the threat of terrorists aiming to attack atomic facilities or acquire nuclear material. In Paris yesterday, the head of the UN nuclear watchdog said world leaders faced a race against time to keep radioactive materials away from terrorists as dozens of countries such as Indonesia consider developing civilian nuclear power programs. Growing interest in nuclear power presented an increased risk that terror networks could try to exploit security weaknesses and steal atomic material, the UN's Mohamed ElBaradei, said yesterday. ***************************************************************** 18 NRC: NRC to Discuss 2004 Performance Assessment for Waterford 3 Nuclear Plant News Release - Region IV - 2005-00 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region IV No. IV-05-008 March 22, 2005 CONTACT: Victor Dricks Phone: 817-860-8128 E-mail: opa4@nrc.gov [opa4@nrc.gov] Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff will meet with representatives of Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc., on Wednesday, March 30, to discuss the agencys annual assessment of safety performance at the Waterford 3 nuclear plant for calendar year 2004. Entergy operates the plant, which is located near Taft, La. The meeting, which will be open to the public for observation, is scheduled to begin at 6:30 p.m. at the St. Charles Parish Courthouse Council Chambers, 15045 River Road, in Hahnville, La. Before the session is adjourned, NRC staff will be available to answer questions from the public on the plants safety performance, as well as the agencys role in ensuring safe operation of the facility. Each year the NRC staff evaluates the performance of each of the nations commercial nuclear plants, said Region IV Administrator Bruce S. Mallet. This meeting gives us a chance to discuss our assessment with the company, local officials and residents near the plant. We want to make this information available to the public and answer any questions people may have about the plant. A letter sent from the NRC Region IV Office in Arlington, Texas, to plant officials will serve as the basis for the meeting. It is available on the NRC web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/LETTERS/wat_2004q4.pdf [PDF Icon] . Overall, Waterford 3 operated safely during 2004. The NRC uses color-coded inspection findings and performance indicators to assess nuclear plant performance. The colors start with green and increase to white, yellow, and red, according to the safety significance of the issues involved. Waterford 3 had one white inspection finding during 2004, but an NRC inspection found that the companys subsequent actions were adequate to address the issue. Based on these results and overall performance, Waterford 3 will receive the baseline, or normal level of inspections during 2005. Routine inspections are performed by the NRC Resident Inspectors assigned to the plant and by inspection specialists from the Region IV office and the agencys headquarters in Rockville, Md. Current information for the Waterford 3 nuclear plant is available on the NRC web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/WAT3/wat3_chart.html. Last revised Tuesday, March 22, 2005 ***************************************************************** 19 NRC: NRC to Discuss 2004 Performance Assessment for Pilgrim Nuclear Power Plant News Release - Region I - 2005-01 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region I No. I-05-012 March 16, 2005 CONTACT: Diane Screnci (610) 337-5330 Neil A. Sheehan (610) 337-5331 E-mail: [opa1@nrc.gov] Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff will meet with representatives of Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc., on Thursday, March 24, to discuss the agencys annual assessment of safety performance at the Pilgrim nuclear power plant. The period of performance to be discussed is January 1 to December 31, 2004. Entergy operates the plant, which is located in Plymouth, Mass. The meeting, which will be open to the public for observation, is scheduled to begin at 1 p.m. at the John Carver Inn, 25 Summer St. in Plymouth. Before the session is adjourned, NRC staff will be available to answer questions from the public on the plants safety performance, as well as the agencys role in ensuring safe operation of the facility. The NRC continually reviews the performance of the Pilgrim plant and the nations other commercial nuclear power facilities, NRC Region I Administrator Samuel J. Collins said. This meeting will provide an opportunity for a discussion of our annual assessment of safety performance with the company and with local officials and residents who live near the plant. Our goal is to explain the NRC oversight process and make as much information as possible available to the public regarding our regulation of these facilities. A letter sent from the NRC Region I Office to plant officials addresses the performance of the plant during the period and will serve as the basis for the meeting discussion. It is available on the NRC web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/LETTERS/pilg_2004q4.pdf. Overall, the Pilgrim plant operated safely during the period. The NRC uses color-coded inspection findings and performance indicators to assess nuclear power plant performance. The colors start with green and then increase to white, yellow or red, commensurate with the safety significance of the issues involved. Because all of the inspection findings and performance indicators for Pilgrim during 2004 were determined to be green, the plant will receive a baseline level of inspections during the upcoming assessment period. However, the NRC is still evaluating an unresolved item involving a senior control room operator who was found to be inattentive while on the job on June 29, 2004. Once a decision is reached on the appropriate response to this issue, the NRC may revise its assessment, as well as its inspection plans for the facility. Routine inspections are performed by two NRC Resident Inspectors assigned to the plant and by inspection specialists from the Region I Office in King of Prussia, Pa., and the agencys headquarters in Rockville, Md. Among the areas of plant operations to be inspected this year by NRC specialists are emergency response and preparedness, radiological safety and permanent plant modifications. Current performance information for the Pilgrim plant is available on the NRC web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/PILG/pilg_chart.html. Last revised Tuesday, March 22, 2005 ***************************************************************** 20 NRC: NRC to Discuss 2004 Performance Assessment for Peach Bottom Nuclear Power Plant News Release - Region I - 2005-01 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region I No. I-05-013 March 22, 2005 CONTACT: Diane Screnci (610) 337-5330 Neil A. Sheehan (610) 337-5331 E-mail: opa1@nrc.gov [opa1@nrc.gov] Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff will meet with representatives of Exelon Generation Company on Tuesday, March 29, to discuss the agencys annual assessment of safety performance at the Peach Bottom nuclear power plant. The period of performance to be discussed is January 1 to December 31, 2004. Exelon operates the twin-reactor plant, which is located near Delta, Pa. The meeting, which will be open to the public for observation, is scheduled to begin at 7 p.m. at the Peach Bottom Inn, 6085 Delta Road in Delta. Before the session is adjourned, NRC staff will be available to answer questions from the public on the plants safety performance, as well as the agencys role in ensuring safe operation of the facility. The NRC continually reviews the performance of the Peach Bottom plant and the nations other commercial nuclear power facilities, NRC Region I Administrator Samuel J. Collins said. This meeting will provide an opportunity for a discussion of our annual assessment of safety performance with the company and with local officials and residents who live near the plant. Our goal is to explain the NRC oversight process and make as much information as possible available to the public regarding our regulation of these facilities. A letter sent from the NRC Region I Office to plant officials addresses the performance of the plant during the period and will serve as the basis for the meeting discussion. It is available on the NRC web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/LETTERS/pb_2004q4.pdf [PDF Icon] . The meeting notice, with the meeting agenda attached, is available in the NRCs Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS) under accession number ML050680522. ADAMS is accessible via the agencys web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html. Help in using ADAMS is available by contacting the NRCs Public Document Room at 1-800-397-4209 or 301-415-4737 or by e-mail at PDR@nrc.gov . Overall, the Peach Bottom plant operated safely during the period. The NRC uses color-coded inspection findings and performance indicators to assess nuclear power plant performance. The colors start with green and then increase to white, yellow or red, commensurate with the safety significance of the issues involved. Because all of the inspection findings and performance indicators for Peach Bottom during 2004 were determined to be green, the plant will receive a baseline level of inspections during the upcoming assessment period. However, one of the performance indicators for Peach Bottom Unit 2 the number of scrams, or shutdowns, with loss of normal heat removal is still being evaluated by the NRC staff. Once that review is completed, an assessment follow-up letter may be issued. The Peach Bottom plant did have one white inspection finding and one white performance indicator during the first three quarters of 2004. The inspection finding resulted from an inoperable Unit 2 emergency diesel generator, while the performance indicator change stemmed from Unit 2 exceeding the number of unplanned scrams per 7,000 critical hours of reactor operation. The NRC staff performed supplemental inspections to assess the companys response to both issues and, after finding satisfactory progress in addressing them, determined they should be closed out. In our mid-cycle letter dated Aug. 30, 2004, the NRC advised Exelon that a substantive cross-cutting issue, a performance issue touching multiple program areas, still existed in the area of Problem Identification and Resolution involving inadequate corrective action for known equipment problems. The NRC staff has since determined the issue no longer exists due to the reduction in the frequency of findings related to this area. Routine inspections are performed by two NRC Resident Inspectors assigned to the plant and by inspection specialists from the Region I Office in King of Prussia, Pa., and the agencys headquarters in Rockville, Md. Among the areas of plant operations to be inspected this year by NRC specialists are emergency response and preparedness, radiological safety and problem identification and resolution. Current performance information for Peach Bottom Unit 2 is available on the NRC web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/PB2/pb2_chart.html. Current performance information for Peach Bottom Unit 3 is available on the NRC web site at: http://www.nrc.gov/NRR/OVERSIGHT/ASSESS/PB3/pb3_chart.html. Last revised Tuesday, March 22, 2005 ***************************************************************** 21 NRC: NRC Signs Agreement with Belgium to Share Nuclear Safety Information News Release - 2005-05 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs Telephone: 301/415-8200 Washington, DC 20555-0001 E-mail: [opa@nrc.gov] No. 05-050 March 22, 2005 The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission has renewed for an additional five years an Arrangement for Technical Cooperation with Belgiums Federal Agency of Nuclear Control (FANC), that countrys nuclear regulatory body. Under the agreement, the two countries, through their respective regulatory agencies, will share nuclear safety information on topics including probabilistic risk assessment and decommissioning, as well as information related to waste management, environmental impacts, emergency preparedness and incident response. The agreement is under the auspices of the Agreements for Peaceful Uses, between the U.S. and the European Union. The original agreement between the NRC and Belgium was signed in 1978. In all, the NRC has agreements to share nuclear safety information with 36 countries. Signing the agreement were NRC Chairman Nils J. Diaz and FANC Director General Jean-Paul Samain and Dr. Tom Vanden Borre, chairman of the FANC board of directors. The agreement became effective on March 10, 2005. Last revised Tuesday, March 22, 2005 ***************************************************************** 22 NRC: Sunshine Federal Register Notice FR Doc 05-5682 [Federal Register: March 22, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 54)] [Notices] [Page 14487-14488] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr22mr05-82] Date: Weeks of March 21, 28, April 4, 11, 18, 25, 2005. Place: Commissioners' Conference Room, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland. Status: Public and closed. Matters to be Considered: Week of March 21, 2005 There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of March 21, 2005. Week of March 28, 2005--Tentative Monday, March 28, 2005 9:30 a.m. Discussion of Security Issues (closed-Ex. 1 & 9) [[Page 14488]] Tuesday, March 29, 2005 9:30 a.m. Briefing on Office of Nuclear Security and Incident Response (NSIR) Programs, Performance, and Plans (Public Meeting) (Contact: Robert Caldwell, 301-415-1243) This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address--http://www.nrc.gov [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov] 1 p.m. Discussion of Security Issues (Closed--EX. 1) Week of April 4, 2005--Tentative Tuesday, April 5, 2005 9:30 a.m. Briefing on Office of Research (RES) Programs, Performance, and Plans (Public Meeting) (Contact: Alix Dvorak, 301-415- 6601) This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address--http://www.nrc.gov [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov] Wednesday, April 6, 2005 9:30 a.m. Briefing on Status of New Site and Reactor Licensing (Public Meeting) (Contact: Steven Bloom, 301-415-1313) This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address--http://www.nrc.gov [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov] Thursday, April 7, 2005 1:30 p.m. Meeting with Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS) (Public Meeting) (Contact: John Larkins, 301-415-7360) This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address--http://www.nrc.gov [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov] Week of April 11, 2005--Tentative There are no meeting scheduled for the Week of April 11, 2005. Week of April 18, 2005--Tentative Wednesday, April 20, 2005 9:30 a.m. Meeting with Advisory Committee on the Medical uses of Isotopes (ACMUI) (Public Meeting) (Contact: Angela McIntosh, 301-415- 5030) This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address--http://www.nrc.gov [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov] 1:30 p.m. Briefing on Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation (NRR) Programs, Performance, and Plans (Public Meeting) (Contact: Laura Gerke, 301-415-4099) This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address--http://www.nrc.gov [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov] Week of April 25, 2005--Tentative Tuesday, April 26, 2005 9:30 a.m. Briefing on Grid Stability and Offsite Power Issues (Public Meeting) (Contact: John Lamb, 301-415-1446) This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address--http://www.nrc.gov [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov] * The schedule for Commission meeting is subject to change on short notice. To verify the status of meetings call (recording)--(301) 415- 1292. Contact person for more information: Dave Gamberoni, (301) 415- 1651. * * * * * The NRC Commission Meeting Schedule can be found on the Internet at http://www.nrc.gov/what-we-do/policy-making/schedule.html* [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/what-we-do/policy-makin g/schedule.html*] * * * * The NRC provides reasonable accommodation to individuals with disabilities where appropriate. If you need a reasonable accommodation to participate in these public meetings, or need this meeting notice or the transcript or other information from the public meetings in another format (e.g., braille, large print), please notify the NRC's Disability Program Coordinator, August Spector, at 301-415-7080, TDD: 301-415- 2100, or by e-mail at aks@nrc.gov [aks@nrc.gov] . Determinations on requests for reasonable accommodation will be made on a case-by-case basis. * * * * * This notice is distributed by mail to several hundred subscribers; if you no longer wish to receive it, or would like to be added to the distribution, please contact the Office of the Secretary, Washington, DC 20555 (301-415-1969). In addition, distribution of this meeting notice over the Internet system is available. If you are interested in receiving this Commission meeting schedule electronically, please send an electronic message to dkw@nrc.gov [dkw@nrc.gov] . Dated: March 17, 2005. R. Michelle Schroll, Office of the Secretary. [FR Doc. 05-5682 Filed 3-18-05; 9:30 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-M ***************************************************************** 23 Seattle Times: Energy-hungry countries warm up to nuclear power Tuesday, March 22, 2005 - Page updated at 12:00 a.m. By LAURENCE FROST The Associated Press PARIS  Only by building more nuclear-power stations can the world meet its soaring energy needs while averting environmental disaster, experts at an international conference said yesterday. Energy ministers and officials from 74 countries were in Paris for the two-day meeting on the future of nuclear energy, as concerns about global warming and fossil-fuel supplies renew governments' interest in atomic power. "It's clear that nuclear energy is regaining stature as a serious option," said Mohamed ElBaradei, head of the International Atomic Energy Agency, the U.N. nuclear watchdog, which organized the conference. ElBaradei said the entry into force this year of the Kyoto Protocol, which commits governments to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions from industrial pollution, was focusing minds once again on atomic power. Mohamed ElBaradei, IAEA director Power plants fired by oil, coal and gas are major sources of carbon dioxide and other gases that cause global warming. The Kyoto accord, which the United States and Australia did not sign, will force plant operators to pay for their pollution, making nuclear-power facilities more competitive by comparison. "In the past, the virtual absence of restrictions or taxes on greenhouse-gas emissions has meant that nuclear power's advantage, low emissions, has had no tangible economic value," ElBaradei said. But the Kyoto Protocol "will likely change that over the longer term." Soaring fossil-fuel costs, including the historic highs charted by oil prices during the past year, are a more-immediate worry for governments and a reminder of the petroleum shocks of the 1970s that persuaded countries to intensify nuclear production. But accidents at the Three Mile Island facility in Pennsylvania in 1979 and at Chernobyl, Ukraine, in 1986 later undermined public confidence in nuclear power. At Three Mile Island, part of the core of the nuclear reactor melted, leading to a release of radioactive gas. The explosion at the Chernobyl plant in then-Soviet Ukraine, the world's worst civil nuclear accident, spewed a cloud of radioactivity across Europe and has been blamed for thousands of deaths from radiation-linked illness. More than 100,000 people had to be resettled. Although there is still deep public concern about the risk of accidents and transportation and storage of radioactive waste, nuclear advocates say there also is a new awareness that relying on fossil fuels could lead to an even-greater environmental catastrophe. "The climate will probably change no matter what we now do, but we should, at the very least, make every effort to slow it down," Donald Johnston, secretary general of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, said in a video statement. "We ignore its importance at our peril." When Finland begins construction of a new reactor later this year, it will become the first Western European country to do so since 1991. France plans to start building a new-generation reactor in 2007. Nuclear plants produce one-third of Europe's electricity, saving greenhouse emissions "equivalent to those of all of Europe's cars," French Industry Minister Patrick Devedjian said. In a message to the conference, U.S. Energy Secretary Sam Bodman cited a University of Chicago study that showed nuclear power "can become competitive with electricity produced by plants fueled by coal or gas" because of new technologies delivering more-efficient reactors. Echoing recent comments by President Bush, Bodman said: "America hasn't ordered a new nuclear-power plant since the 1970s, and it's time to start building again." Washington state has just one commercial nuclear-power plant: Energy Northwest's Columbia Generating Station at Hanford, near Richland. It opened in 1984. Energy Northwest, then known as the Washington Public Power Supply System, began construction of five plants in the 1970s  three at Hanford, two at Satsop, Grays Harbor County  but construction was halted on four of them in the early 1980s, and they have since been officially terminated. Oregon's only nuclear plant, Portland General Electric's Trojan plant on the Columbia River downstream from Portland, closed in 1993. Even in some countries that have been fiercely opposed to nuclear power, the mood is shifting. Italians voted against the use of atomic energy in a referendum the year after Chernobyl, and the government began gradually decommissioning plants. "Regarding nuclear power, we perceive a clear change in public opinion, notably by the young generations," Italian Industry Minister Antonio Marzano said. The real boom in nuclear power is expected to focus on developing countries, particularly in Asia. China is expected to increase its nuclear-production capacity from the current 6.5 gigawatts to 36 gigawatts by 2020, according to figures from the International Atomic Energy Agency, while India plans to multiply its production capacity tenfold and Russia is expected to double its capacity to about 45 gigawatts. A gigawatt equals 1 billion watts. U.S. nuclear-plant builder Westinghouse Electric is among contenders for an $8 billion contract for four new Chinese reactors to be awarded by the end of the year. Information on Northwest nuclear power from Seattle Times staff reporter Eric Pryne; background on Chernobyl and Three Mile Island from Reuters and staff research. Copyright © 2005 The Seattle Times Company ***************************************************************** 24 The News Journal: Water leak may idle Hope Creek reactor www.delawareonline.com ¦ By JEFF MONTGOMERY / The News Journal 03/22/2005 Owners of the Hope Creek nuclear plant are considering a maintenance shutdown to investigate a small but growing leak in the 1,100-megawatt reactor system, company and federal officials confirmed Monday. Nuclear Regulatory Commission spokesman Neil Sheehan said the utility has detected an increase in water trickling into a drain system at Hope Creek, one of three nuclear power plants that PSEG Nuclear owns on Artificial Island, along the Delaware River opposite Augustine Beach. A suspected source of the leak is one of the plant's largest cooling-water pumps, said David Lochbaum, a nuclear engineer with the Union of Concerned Scientists. The "B" recirculation pump became the focus of an intense commission investigation late last year after plant critics said chronic vibration and maintenance problems justified a federal order to replace the system. PSEG spokesman Skip Sindoni said Monday that the B pump - which moves more than 100 million pounds of radioactive water hourly - appears to be operating normally. The shutdown will allow workers to investigate in an area known as the dry well inside Hope Creek's primary containment shell and under the reactor core itself. "It makes sense," Sindoni said. "You want to get all these things taken care of so that we have a safe, reliable run." Sheehan said PSEG was considering a plan that would halt electricity generation and cut reactor power from 100 percent to as little as 5 percent. At that level, workers could take steps to safely enter the dry well for investigation and possible repairs. "We're still talking about a very small amount of leakage at this point, even though it has been trending up," Sheehan said. "This morning, the rate was 0.86 gallons per minute." NRC officials recently allowed PSEG to restart Hope Creek after an accident in October and a refueling shutdown. Federal terms for the restart included installation of extra vibration monitoring systems and close oversight of the recirculation pump. PSEG and Exelon, the nation's largest nuclear power operator, recently announced a $12 billion merger agreement. Exelon began operating Hope Creek and Salem last month under a contract that will remain in effect pending completion of the deal. Contract terms include extra payments to Exelon for increased production time at the plants. The three reactors already are under stepped-up federal oversight because of chronic maintenance and management problems at Artificial Island, the nation's second-largest nuclear generating station. Contact Jeff Montgomery at 678-4277 or jmontgomery@delawareonline.com. [jmontgomery@delawareonline.com] ***************************************************************** 25 IndiaDaily: Rising Energy Needs Renew Nuclear Interest Mar. 21, 2005 Only by building more nuclear power stations can the world meet its soaring energy needs while averting environmental disaster, experts at an international conference said Monday. Energy ministers and officials from 74 countries were in Paris for the two-day meeting on the future of nuclear energy, as concerns about global warming and fossil fuel supplies renew governments'' interest in atomic power. "It's clear that nuclear energy is regaining stature as a serious option," said Mohamed ElBaradei, head of the International Atomic Energy Agency — the U.N. nuclear watchdog — which organized the conference. ElBaradei said the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol (news - web sites), which commits governments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, was focusing minds. Power plants fired by oil, coal and gas are major sources of carbon dioxide and other gases that cause global warming. The Kyoto accord will force plant operators to pay for their pollution, making nuclear power facilities more competitive by comparison. "In the past, the virtual absence of restrictions or taxes on greenhouse gas emissions has meant that nuclear power's advantage, low emissions, has had no tangible economic value," ElBaradei said. But the Kyoto Protocol "will likely change that over the longer term." Soaring fossil fuel costs, including the historic highs charted by oil prices during the past year, are a more immediate worry for governments — and a reminder of the petroleum shocks of the 1970s that persuaded countries, including France, to intensify nuclear production. But accidents at the Three Mile Island facility in Pennsylvania in 1979 and at Chernobyl, Ukraine, seven years later undermined public confidence in nuclear power. Although there is still deep public concern about the risk of accidents and transportation and storage of radioactive waste, nuclear advocates say there also is a new awareness that relying on fossil fuels could lead to an even greater environmental catastrophe. "The climate will probably change no matter what we now do, but we should, at the very least, make every effort to slow it down," Donald Johnston, secretary general of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, said in a video statement. "We ignore its importance at our peril." Environmental groups, however, insist that nuclear power is not the solution to the climate problem. "Today, nuclear energy accounts for 17 percent of electricity consumption and 3 percent of energy consumption," said Helene Gassin, who heads Greenpeace's energy campaign in France. The climate problem "goes far beyond the electricity issue." When Finland begins construction of a new reactor later this year, it will become the first Western European country to do so since 1991. France plans to start building a new-generation reactor in 2007. Nuclear plants produce one-third of Europe's electricity, saving greenhouse emissions "equivalent to those of all of Europe's cars," French Industry Minister Patrick Devedjian said. In a message to the conference, U.S. Energy Secretary Sam Bodman cited a University of Chicago study that showed nuclear power "can become competitive with electricity produced by plants fueled by coal or gas" because of new technologies delivering more efficient reactors. Echoing recent comments by President Bush, Bodman said: "America hasn''t ordered a new nuclear power plant since the 1970s and it's time to start building again." www.indiadaily.com ***************************************************************** 26 Bellona: Fuel leak narrowly averted at Chalk River In the end of February Canada's oldest working nuclear reactor has had an accident at Chalk River, and federal nuclear safety regulators say only an automatic safety system prevented reactor core meltdown. 2005-03-22 14:32 A defective vaporising valve was named as the reason of the accident. According to the documentation the valve had not been tested since 1972. The reactor was launched back in 1957 and its lifetime can be considered critical at the moment. Earlier the nuclear safety regulators pointed out to the inappropriate storage of the radioactive materials at Chalk River, where cobalt, cesium-137 and mercury was damped to the trenches without decontamination, ITAR-TASS reported. Publisher: Bellona Foundation [bellona@bellona.no] , President: Frederic Hauge [frederic@bellona.no] Information: info@bellona.no [info@bellona.no] , Technical contact: webmaster@bellona.no [webmaster@bellona.no] Telephone: +47 23 23 46 00 Telefax: +47 22 38 38 62 * P.O.Box 2141 Grunerlokka, 0505 Oslo, Norway ***************************************************************** 27 Guardian Unlimited: Iran to Develop Civilian Nuclear Power From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 22, 2005 12:46 PM AP Photo PAR102 By JAMEY KEATEN Associated Press Writer PARIS (AP) - Iran will press ahead on the ``tortuous path'' to developing civilian nuclear power, an Iranian official said Tuesday, despite U.S. suspicions that the effort masks plans to build nuclear weapons. Speaking on the final day of a two-day international conference on the future of nuclear power for civilian uses, Mohammad Saeidi said the generation of nuclear electricity is the ``prime priority of Iran's nuclear program.'' ``The people and government of Iran are determined to open their way through the tortuous path of peaceful use of nuclear technology despite all imposed restrictions and difficulties,'' said Saeidi, the vice president for planning and international affairs at the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran. France, Germany and Britain are holding talks with Tehran to ensure that it does not develop nuclear arms as some fear. A new meeting was set for Wednesday. The United States recently threw its support behind the European effort. Iran is facing new demands for energy and hopes to leave an increased portion of its sizable oil reserves for export, Saiedi told the conference. Meanwhile, the head of the International Atomic Energy Agency said in an interview published Tuesday that a global approach, including normalizing ties between Tehran and the international community, is needed to keep Iran from developing nuclear weapons. Europe and the United States ``must give Iran a sense of security so that the Iranians don't feel the need to acquire nuclear arms,'' Mohamed ElBaradei told Le Monde. ``Iran must feel assured that no one is thinking of attacking or provoking regime change,'' said ElBaradie, who was present at the conference. The IAEA chief said he favors a sweeping approach to Iran and the nuclear issue. ``Concerning Iran, we must consider the nuclear question as an element of a global approach,'' he said, ``aimed at normalizing relations between this country and the international community.'' If talks with the Europeans should fail, the issue could go before the U.N. Security Council for possible sanctions against Tehran, something ElBaradei suggested could prove risky. ``I hope we won't reach the U.N. stage and sanctions,'' he was quoted as saying, ``because no one knows how a confrontation would end and everyone is the loser.'' Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 28 CTV.ca: Ontario to start idled nuclear reactors - report [ /] Mon. Mar. 21 2005 11:23 PM ET Canadian Press TORONTO — Bruce Power has reached a tentative agreement with a provincial negotiator for the potential restart of two laid-up units at its nuclear generating station near Tiverton, Ont., the company said Monday. The potential restart of Units 1 and 2 of the Bruce generation station, which have been shut down since the mid-1990s, would return another 1,500 million watts of electricity to Ontario - enough to meet the annual needs of one million homes, or about 10 per cent of the province's market. The proposed deal is now being considered by Ontario Energy Minister Dwight Duncan and requires cabinet approval before being finalized, said Angie Robson, a spokeswoman for the minister. The final startup of the reactors would still require approval from federal regulators. All financial details of the proposed agreement are confidential and won't be released until a final deal is reached, Robson said. The startup of the two units has been under consideration for 15 months and, if it goes ahead, would mean all eight reactors at Bruce's nuclear station were operational, Bruce Power CEO Duncan Hawthorne said in an interview. "Obviously it's a significant step forward for us," he said. The company and the province's negotiator have been in talks since September. So far, work on the restart has dealt with environmental assessments, planning and engineering work, Hawthorne said. Actual reconstruction work could begin quickly upon receipt of government approval, he added. "It's a very significant capital investment," Hawthorne said. For the Liberal government, this is the first tentative deal with a producer since it revamped the electricity industry in a bid to get more generation online and began to increase prices so consumers pay closer to the real cost of electricity. "The government is considering the deal carefully as we work to close the gap between electricity supply and demand with a reliable, sustainable and diverse portfolio of competitively priced power," Duncan said in a release. The changes the government made to de-politicize and stabilize the electricity market, such as creating the Ontario Power Authority which can sign long-term deals with producers, were a factor in reaching a deal, Hawthorne said. "What effectively they're seeking to do is provide some confidence to allow people to invest, and what we've said before is we need that as much as anyone and perhaps more than most because the level of investment we would make is significantly higher," Hawthorne said. Stability is required since any power producing agreement would have to last beyond one government's time in office, he said. The restart of the two units would replace about 20 per cent of the province's coal-fired generation, Duncan said. The province remains committed to shut the province's five coal-fired electricity plants by 2007, a goal some electricity experts say will be difficult to accomplish. Originally placed in service in 1977, Units 1 and 2 were laid up in the late 1990s by the former Ontario Hydro, which is now known as Ontario Power Generation. OPG owns the nuclear power plant and leases it to Bruce Power, which restarted Units 3 and 4 in 2003. All of Bruce Power's major investors have given approval in principle for the restart, Hawthorne said. Bruce Power is currently controlled by Saskatoon-based uranium producer Cameco Corp., Calgary-based pipeline operator TransCanada Corp. and BPC Generation Infrastructure Trust, part of the OMERS public-sector pension plan. Cameco said in a separate announcement Monday that it has given the green light to the project, in principle, but added that the process of reaching a binding agreement isn't complete. Cameco shares closed at $57.01, down $1.19, while TransCanada stock closed at $29.85, up 26 cents, on the Toronto Stock Exchange. © 2005 Bell Globemedia Inc. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 29 New Scientist: Cracks may force shutdown of UK reactors [NewScientist.com] + 26 March 2005 Rob Edwards UK reactors are in danger of developing cracks in their graphite cores, which may force some to close earlier than expected REACTORS in many UK nuclear power stations are in danger of developing cracks in their graphite cores. This could force some plants to close down earlier than expected, dealing a blow to the idea that nuclear power can become a "green" option in the fight against global warming. Documents obtained by New Scientist under the UK's Freedom of Information Act have revealed unsuspected problems with the country's ageing advanced gas-cooled reactors (AGRs). Government nuclear inspectors say they have uncovered weaknesses in the safety analyses carried out by British Energy, the company that runs the reactors. The UK's 14 AGRs provide nearly a fifth of the country's electricity. The graphite bricks that form part of their core help sustain the nuclear reaction by slowing down fast-moving neutrons. They also play a vital part in maintaining the core's structural integrity. ***************************************************************** 30 National Vanguard: Security Breached at Nuclear Power Plant Report; Posted on: 2005-03-21 19:58:52 Illegal aliens falsified Social Security numbers; U.S. politicians refuse to seriously address anti-immigration laws. By: David Mullenax Security at the Crystal River nuclear power plant was breached last week when three Mexican nationals’ falsified Social Security numbers to obtain employment. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and numerous state and federal agencies are investigating the issue. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency (ICE), a recent creation of the Department of Homeland Security, arrested the illegal aliens and charged them with violating U.S. immigration laws. Reports claim that the Mexican nationals’ deliberately falsified Social Security numbers to obtain employment with Texas-based Brock Specialty Services, a contractor who works for Progress Energy – owner and operator of the Crystal River power facility located north of Tampa, FL. Representative Ginny Browne-Waite (R – FL) expressed concern at the ease of the security breach, "Of all the places where an illegal alien should not be, this is like at the top of the list.” Spokesmen for Progress Energy and the NRC dismissed concerns, commenting that employees and residents in the surrounding areas were never in any danger, even if the illegal immigrants intentions were malevolent, which they deny. Progress Energy outsourced basic maintenance and janitorial work to the contractor that hired the aliens, and attempted to downplay the issue by stating that security measures for employees --metal detectors and x-ray screening-- are standard operating procedures. According to Progress Energy personnel, driver’s licenses were used to obtain employment, but the company’s security check on the Social Security numbers did not warn of any violation or criminal conduct. It is unknown which database is used by Progress Energy for verification. Rick Kimble, a PE spokesman, declared from a remote North Carolina office that only numbers that have been previously identified with a criminal record return flagged results. Deliberately falsified SSN's or numbers of deceased U.S. citizens are not flagged. Representative Brown-Waite used the incident to rally support around the Real ID Act, which would create federal standards for issuing driver’s licenses. Currently, the bill has not passed the Senate. Supporters of anti-immigration legislation noted that elected U.S. officials removed stringent immigration reform measures from the 9/11 Intelligence Reform bill last fall at the encouragement of sometimes Spanish speaking President George W. Bush. Congressman Silvestre Reyes, a Vietnam veteran and Member of the House Armed Services Committee, provocatively commented that placating to ethnic minorities is a greater concern than national security. “We also prevented the inclusion of other provisions that would have discriminated against Latinos and other immigrants. The security of our nation should never be put in jeopardy because of a divisive and xenophobic anti-immigrant agenda.” Illegal Aliens caught working in Nuclear Plant Source: Author • Printed from National Vanguard ( http://www.nationalvanguard.org/story.php?id=4716 [http://www.nationalvanguard.org/story.php?id=4716] ) National Alliance • Box 90 • Hillsboro • WV 24946 • USA NationalVanguard.org [http://www.nationalvanguard.org/] ***************************************************************** 31 Sofia Daily News: Bulgaria to Lose EUR 4 B from Kozloduy Nuke Closure [Sofia News Agency] Politics: 22 March 2005, Tuesday. Bulgaria will lose more than EUR 3 B from the closure of Kozloduy nuclear power plant units 3 and 4 until the opening of the new nuclear power plant in Belene. Terence Wynn, a staunch opponent of the planned closure of two more Kozloduy nuke units, said following the visit of a delegation of members of the European parliament to the plant. Wynn pointed out the Kozloduy has become a political issue. The Socialist Group member Terence Wynn has insisted that the planned move would prompt sharp electricity deficit in the region as of 2006. He has called on the European Parliament to pay more attention to the issue, and suggested a postponed closure of the units in order to allow Bulgaria build its Belene power plant, making up for Kozloduy's.[ width=] Click here to receive realtime news about this topic in the future. All Rights Reserved © Novinite Ltd., 2001-2005 - Copyright &Disclaimer - Privacy Policy Bulgaria news Novinite.com (Sofia News Agency - www.sofianewsagency.com) is unique with being a real time news provider in English that informs its readers about the latest Bulgarian news. The editorial staff also publishes a daily ***************************************************************** 32 Guardian Unlimited: British Energy chief in shock exit Mark Milner, industrial editor Tuesday March 22, 2005 [http://www.guardian.co.uk] Mike Alexander, architect of British Energy's recently completed restructuring, has unexpectedly quit the company after just two years. His job as chief executive at Britain's biggest electricity generator has gone to Bill Coley, a 61-year-old non-executive director of the company who retired from Duke Energy, the American power group, in 2003. British Energy gave little indication as to why Mr Alexander had quit, saying only that he had "decided to seek new challenges elsewhere". Mr Alexander's abrupt departure raised some eyebrows in the City. "It was a surprise. I think there will be a debate about whether he jumped or was pushed. Either way, to lose the chief executive so soon after the flotation is not a good thing," said one analyst. It is understood that Mr Alexander and British Energy have not discussed severance terms. The former chief executive had a one-year rolling contract and received almost £600,000 in pay and bonuses in the last financial year, according to the company's annual report. Mr Alexander joined British Energy, which runs Britain's eight nuclear power plants, in March 2003. At the time it was reeling from a slump in energy prices that pushed it to the brink of insolvency. After months of painstaking and at times acrimonious negotiations, shareholders and creditors backed a debt-for-equity swap, which required approval by the government and the European commission. The deal, which in effect handed ownership of the company to the bondholders, was finally approved in January. The company relisted on the stock market shortly after. Yesterday, the British Energy chairman, Adrian Montague, paid tribute to Mr Alexander's contribution. "Now that he has relisted the company and laid the groundwork for the operational and cultural rebuilding of British Energy, he has decided to seek a new challenge elsewhere." Though British Energy has successfully completed its financial restructuring, it has been unable to take full advantage of higher electricity prices because of plant shutdowns. Last month it reported it had lost almost £350m in the first nine months of its financial year. Two plants, Hartlepool and Heysham, were out of action during the autumn. One theory on Mr Alexander's departure and the elevation of Mr Coley is that with the restructuring completed, the focus in the business is now on producing power and the American has more experience of running nuclear plants than his predecessor. Before his retirement from Duke Energy Mr Coley spent 37 years with the group, including six years as president of its Duke Power generating, transmission and distribution business, which runs three nuclear power stations. Duke Energy was touted as a possible buyer of British Energy ahead of its privatisation. British Energy said it was "fortunate" that Mr Coley had agreed to take on the role "as he has outstanding qualities for the job". In his new role he will divide his time between London and Scotland. Mr Coley is the second American to take on a senior role at the group. Six months ago it appointed Roy Anderson as its chief nuclear officer. Yesterday British Energy shares were down 3p at 287p. Special report The nuclear industry Graphics [http://image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Guardian/documents/2002/09 /17/nuclear_ship.pdf] Nuclear map of Britain US nuclear map Useful links [http://www.british-energy.com/] [http://www.dti.gov.uk/] [http://www.bnfl.co.uk/website.nsf/default.htm] [http://www.cnduk.org/] [http://www.greenpeace.org/homepage/] [http://www.hse.gov.uk/nsd/ilrwglos.htm] [http://www.ukaea.org.uk/] [http://www.nrpb.org.uk/] [http://www.foe.co.uk/campaigns/climate/press_for_change/dump_nuc lear/index.html] [http://www.uilondon.org/] [http://www.wnti.co.uk] [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 33 DU Horrors Worldwide Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2005 17:22:18 -0600 (CST) Forwarded with Compliments of Government of the USA in Exile (GUSAE): Free Americans Resisting the Fourth Reich on Behalf of All Species. From: CherielJ@aol.com Date: March 20, 2005 5:38:40 PM GMT+07:00 Subject: The horror of DU is not limited to Iraq http://www.caduceus.info/articles/denver.htm DEMOCRACY BETRAYED The horror of Depleted Uranium is not limited to Iraq - it may well be at our doorsteps. The information which some governments are concealing is presented here. By James Denver "I'm horrified. The people out there - the Iraqis, the media and the troops - risk the most appalling ill health. And the radiation from depleted uranium can travel literally anywhere. It's going to destroy the lives of thousands of children, all over the world. We all know how far radiation can travel. Radiation from Chernobyl reached Wales and in Britain you sometimes get red dust from the Sahara on your car." The speaker is not some alarmist doom-sayer. He is Dr Chris Busby, the British radiation expert, Fellow of the University of Liverpool in the Faculty of Medicine and UK representative on the European Committee on Radiation Risk, talking about the best-kept secret of this war: the fact that, by illegally using hundreds of tons of depleted uranium (DU) against Iraq, Britain and America have gravely endangered not only the Iraqis but the whole world. For these weapons have released deadly, carcinogenic and mutagenic, radioactive particles in such abundance that - whipped up by sandstorms and carried on trade winds - there is no corner of the globe they cannot penetrate - including Britain. For the wind has no boundaries and time is on their side: the radioactivity persists for over 4,500,000,000 years and can cause cancer, leukaemia, brain damage, kidney failure, and extreme birth defects - killing millions of every age for centuries to come. A crime against humanity which may, in the eyes of historians, rank with the worst atrocities of all time. These weapons have released deadly, carcinogenic and mutagenic, radioactive particles in such abundance that there is no corner of the globe they cannot penetrate - including Britain. Yet, officially, no crime has been committed. For this story is a dirty story in which the facts have been concealed from those who needed them most. It is also a story we need to know if the people of Iraq are to get the medical care they desperately need, and if our troops, returning from Iraq, are not to suffer as terribly as the veterans of other conflicts in which depleted uranium was used. A Dirty Tyson 'Depleted' uranium is in many ways a misnomer. For 'depleted' sounds weak. The only weak thing about depleted uranium is its price. It is dirt cheap, toxic, waste from nuclear power plants and bomb production. However, uranium is one of earth's heaviest elements and DU packs a Tyson's punch, smashing through tanks, buildings and bunkers with equal ease, spontaneously catching fire as it does so, and burning people alive. 'Crispy critters' is what US servicemen call those unfortunate enough to be close. And, when John Pilger encountered children killed at a greater distance he wrote: "The children's skin had folded back, like parchment, revealing veins and burnt flesh that seeped blood, while the eyes, intact, stared straight ahead. I vomited." (Daily Mirror) The millions of radioactive uranium oxide particles released when it burns can kill just as surely, but far more terribly. They can even be so tiny they pass through a gas mask, making protection against them impossible. Yet, small is not beautiful. For these invisible killers indiscriminately attack men, women, children and even babies in the womb - and do the gravest harm of all to children and unborn babies. A Terrible Legacy Doctors in Iraq have estimated that birth defects have increased by 2-6 times, and 3-12 times as many children have developed cancer and leukaemia since 1991. Moreover, a report published in The Lancet in 1998 said that as many as 500 children a day are dying from these sequels to war and sanctions and that the death rate for Iraqi children under 5 years of age increased from 23 per 1000 in 1989 to 166 per thousand in 1993. Overall, cases of lymphoblastic leukemia more than quadrupled with other cancers also increasing 'at an alarming rate'. In men, lung, bladder, bronchus, skin, and stomach cancers showed the highest increase. In women, the highest increases were in breast and bladder cancer, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.1 On hearing that DU had been used in the Gulf in 1991, the UK Atomic Energy Authority sent the Ministry of Defence a special report on the potential damage to health and the environment. It said that it could cause half a million additional cancer deaths in Iraq over 10 years. In that war the authorities only admitted to using 320 tons of DU - although the Dutch charity LAKA estimates the true figure is closer to 800 tons. Many times that may have been spread across Iraq by this year's war. The devastating damage all this DU will do to the health and fertility of the people of Iraq now, and for generations to come, is beyond imagining. The radioactivity persists for over 4,500,000,000 years killing millions of every age for centuries to come. This is a crime against humanity which may rank with the worst atrocities of all time. We must also count the numberless thousands of miscarried babies. Nobody knows how many Iraqis have died in the womb since DU contaminated their world. But it is suggested that troops who were only exposed to DU for the brief period of the war were still excreting uranium in their semen 8 years later and some had 100 times the so-called 'safe limit' of uranium in their urine. The lack of government interest in the plight of veterans of the 1991 war is reflected in a lack of academic research on the impact of DU but informal research has found a high incidence of birth defects in their children and that the wives of men who served in Iraq have three times more miscarriages than the wives of servicemen who did not go there. Since DU darkened the land Iraq has seen birth defects which would break a heart of stone: babies with terribly foreshortened limbs, with their intestines outside their bodies, with huge bulging tumours where their eyes should be, or with a single eye - like Cyclops, or without eyes, or without limbs, and even without heads. Significantly, some of the defects are almost unknown outside textbooks showing the babies born near A-bomb test sites in the Pacific. Doctors report that many women no longer say 'Is it a girl or a boy?' but simply, 'Is it normal, doctor?' Moreover this terrible legacy will not end. The genes of their parents may have been damaged for ever, and the damaging DU dust is ever-present. Blue on Blue What the governments of America and Britain have done to the people of Iraq they have also done to their own soldiers, in both wars. And they have done it knowingly. For the battlefields have been thick with DU and soldiers have had to enter areas heavily contaminated by bombing. Moreover, their bodies have not only been assaulted by DU but also by a vaccination regime which violated normal protocols, experimental vaccines, nerve agent pills, and organophosphate pesticides in their tents. Yet, though the hazards of DU were known, British and American troops were not warned of its dangers. Nor were they given thorough medical checks on their return - even though identifying it quickly might have made it possible to remove some of it from their body. Then, when a growing number became seriously ill, and should have been sent to top experts in radiation damage and neurotoxins, many were sent to a psychiatrist. Over 200,000 US troops who returned from the 1991 war are now invalided out with ailments officially attributed to service in Iraq - that's 1 in 3. In contrast, the British government's failure to fully assess the health of returning troops, or to monitor their health, means no one even knows how many have died or become gravely ill since their return. However, Gulf veterans' associations say that, of 40,000 or so fighting fit men and women who saw active service, at least 572 have died prematurely since coming home and 5000 may be ill. An alarming number are thought to have taken their own lives, unable to bear the torment of the innumerable ailments which have combined to take away their career, their sexuality, their ability to have normal children, and even their ability to breathe or walk normally. As one veteran puts it, they are 'on DU death row, waiting to die'. Whatever other factors there may be, some of their illnesses are strikingly similar to those of Iraqis exposed to DU dust. For example, soldiers have also fathered children without eyes. And, in a group of eight servicemen whose babies lack eyes seven are known to have been directly exposed to DU dust. They too have fathered children with stunted arms, and rare abnormalities classically associated with radiation damage. They too seem prone to cancer and leukaemia. Tellingly, so are EU soldiers who served as peacekeepers in the Balkans, where DU was also used. Indeed their leukaemia rate has been so high that several EU governments have protested at the use of DU. The Vital Evidence Despite all that evidence of the harm done by DU, governments on both sides of the Atlantic have repeatedly claimed that as it emits only 'low level' radiation DU is harmless. Award-winning scientist, Dr Rosalie Bertell who has led UN medical commissions, has studied 'low-level' radiation for 30 years.2 She has found that uranium oxide particles have more than enough power to harm cells, and describes their pulses of radiation as hitting surrounding cells 'like flashes of lightning' again and again in a single second.2 Like many scientists worldwide who have studied this type of radiation, she has found that such 'lightning strikes' can damage DNA and cause cell mutations which lead to cancer. Moreover, these particles can be taken up by body fluids and travel through the body, damaging more than one organ. To compound all that, Dr Bertell has found that this particular type of radiation can cause the body's communication systems to break down, leading to malfunctions in many vital organs of the body and to many medical problems. A striking fact, since many veterans of the first Gulf war suffer from innumerable, seemingly unrelated, ailments. In addition, recent research by Eric Wright, Professor of Experimental Haematology at Dundee University, and others, have shown two ways in which such radiation can do far more damage than has been thought. The first is that a cell which seems unharmed by radiation can produce cells with diverse mutations several cell generations later. (And mutations are at the root of cancer and birth defects.) This 'radiation-induced genomic instability' is compounded by 'the bystander effect' by which cells mutate in unison with others which have been damaged by radiation - rather as birds swoop and turn in unison. Put together, these two mechanisms can greatly increase the damage done by a single source of radiation, such as a DU particle. Moreover, it is now clear that there are marked genetic differences in the way individuals respond to radiation - with some being far more likely to develop cancer than others. So the fact that some veterans of the first Gulf war seem relatively unharmed by their exposure to DU in no way proves that DU did not damage others. The Price of Truth That the evidence from Iraq and from our troops, and the research findings of such experts, have been ignored may be no accident. A US report, leaked in late 1995, allegedly says, 'The potential for health effects from DU exposure is real; however it must be viewed in perspective... the financial implications of long-term disability payments and healthcare costs would be excessive.'3 Clearly, with hundreds of thousands gravely ill in Iraq and at least a quarter of a million UK and US troops seriously ill, huge disability claims might be made not only against the governments of Britain and America if the harm done by DU were acknowledged. There might also be huge claims against companies making DU weapons and some of their directors are said to be extremely close to the White House. How close they are to Downing Street is a matter for speculation, but arms sales makes a considerable contribution to British trade. So the massive whitewashing of DU over the past 12 years, and the way that governments have failed to test returning troops, seemed to disbelieve them, and washed their hands of them, may be purely to save money. The possibility that financial considerations have led the governments of Britain and America to cynically avoid taking responsibility for the harm they have done not only to the people of Iraq but to their own troops may seem outlandish. Yet DU weapons weren't used by the other side and no other explanation fits the evidence. For, in the days before Britain and America first used DU in war its hazards were no secret.4 One American study in 1990 said DU was 'linked to cancer when exposures are internal, [and to] chemical toxicity - causing kidney damage'. While another openly warned that exposure to these particles under battlefield conditions could lead to cancers of the lung and bone, kidney damage, non-malignant lung disease, neuro-cognitive disorders, chromosomal damage and birth defects.5 A Culture of Denial In 1996 and 1997 UN Human Rights Tribunals condemned DU weapons for illegally breaking the Geneva Convention and classed them as 'weapons of mass destruction' 'incompatible with international humanitarian and human rights law'. Since then, following leukaemia in European peacekeeping troops in the Balkans and Afghanistan (where DU was also used), the EU has twice called for DU weapons to be banned. Yet, far from banning DU, America and Britain stepped up their denials of the harm from this radioactive dust as more and more troops from the first Gulf war and from action and peacekeeping in the Balkans and Afghanistan have become seriously ill. This is no coincidence. In 1997, while citing experiments, by others, in which 84 percent of dogs exposed to inhaled uranium died of cancer of the lungs, Dr Asaf Durakovic, then Professor of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine at Georgetown University in Washington was quoted as saying, 'The [US government's] Veterans Administration asked me to lie about the risks of incorporating depleted uranium in the human body.' He concluded, 'uranium does cause cancer, uranium does cause mutation, and uranium does kill. If we continue with the irresponsible contamination of the biosphere, and denial of the fact that human life is endangered by the deadly isotope uranium, then we are doing disservice to ourselves, disservice to the truth, disservice to God and to all generations who follow.' Not what the authorities wanted to hear and his research was suddenly blocked. During 12 years of ever-growing British whitewash the authorities have abolished military hospitals, where there could have been specialized research on the effects of DU and where expertise in treating DU victims could have built up. And, not content with the insult of suggesting the gravely disabling symptoms of Gulf veterans are imaginary they have refused full pensions to many. For, despite all the evidence to the contrary, the current House of Commons briefing paper on DU hazards says 'it is judged that any radiation effects from possible exposures are extremely unlikely to be a contributory factor to the illnesses currently being experienced by some Gulf war veterans.' Note how over a quarter of a million sick and dying US and UK vets are called 'some'. The Way Ahead Britain and America not only used DU in this year's Iraq war, they dramatically increased its use - from a minimum of 320 tons in the previous war to at minimum of 1500 tons in this one. And this time the use of DU wasn't limited to anti-tank weapons - as it had largely been in the previous Gulf war - but was extended to the guided missiles, large bunker busters and big 2000-pound bombs used in Iraq's cities. This means that Iraq's cities have been blanketed in lethal particles - any one of which can cause cancer or deform a child. In addition, the use of DU in huge bombs which throw the deadly particles higher and wider in huge plumes of smoke means that billions of deadly particles have been carried high into the air - again and again and again as the bombs rained down - ready to be swept worldwide by the winds. The Royal Society has suggested the solution is massive decontamination in Iraq. That could only scratch the surface. For decontamination is hugely expensive and, though it may reduce the risks in some of the worst areas, it cannot fully remove them. For DU is too widespread on land and water. How do you clean up every nook and cranny of a city the size of Baghdad? How can they decontaminate a whole country in which microscopic particles, which cannot be detected with a normal geiger counter, are spread from border to border? And how can they clean up all the countries downwind of Iraq - and, indeed, the world? So there are only two things we can do to mitigate this crime against humanity. The first is to provide the best possible medical care for the people of Iraq, for our returning troops and for those who served in the last Gulf war and, through that, minimize their suffering. The second is to relegate war, and the production and sale of weapons, to the scrap heap of history - along with slavery and genocide. Then, and only then, will this crime against humanity be expunged, and the tragic deaths from this war truly bring freedom to the people of Iraq, and of the world. Read the full article in issue 60 of Caduceus... References 1. The Lancet volume 351, issue 9103, 28 February 1998. 2. Rosalie Bertell's book Planet Earth the Latest Weapon of War was reviewed in Caduceus issue 51, page 28. 3. www.gulflink.osd.mil/du_ii/du_ii_tabl1. htm#TAB L_Research Report Summaries 4. www.wagingpeace.org/articles/02.01/020117moret.htm The secret official memorandum to Brigadier General L.R.Groves from Drs Conant, Compton and Urey of War Department Manhattan district dated October 1943 is available at the website www.mindfully.org/Nucs/2003/Leuren-Moret-Gen-Groves21feb03.htm 5. www.gulflink.osd.mil/du_iitab11.htm#tab L_research report summaries ............................................................................ ............ Further information The Low Level Radiation Campaign hopes to be able to arrange a limited number of private urine tests for those returning from the latest Gulf war. It can be contacted at: The Knoll, Montpelier Park, Llandrindod Wells, LD1 5LW. 01597 824771. Web: www.llrc.org ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- - James Denver writes and broadcasts internationally on science and technology. ========================================================== ***************************************************************** 34 [NukeNet] Russia Ratifies Wimped Out Nuke Accident Convention Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2005 14:23:39 -0800 NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) >Officials and senior lawmakers emphasized that joining the convention, which requires a nuclear >operator to pay at least $60 million in overall damages for an accident, would protect Russia from >possible claims for much larger amounts. At least $60 million? Why not whatever the count and amount is? If I run someone over with my car and paralyze them why should I be responsible for only footing a minute percentage of what I really owe? Not only do they need welfare to start their insane "business" but they are unwilling [and incapable?] of being accountable for their actions. Smacks of an industry which dosen't deserve to exist. Anti-capitalist, anti-free market and unwilling to be held accountable for their actions. What a crew. RENEWABLES. A Manhatan Project for renewables. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/international/AP-Russia-Nuclear-Convention.html? Russia Ratifies Nuke Accident Convention By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: March 22, 2005 Filed at 5:18 a.m. ET MOSCOW (AP) -- Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed into law a bill ratifying an international agreement on liability for nuclear damage, obliging the government to compensate victims of any future nuclear accident, the Kremlin said Tuesday. Russia's two houses of parliament voted this month to ratify the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage, which requires a nuclear operator to pay damages for an accident. Since all of Russia's nuclear power plants and other atomic facilities are in state hands, the government would be liable. Advertisement The issue of liability for nuclear accidents has been a key stumbling block in Moscow's negotiations with the United States and other Western nations that have pledged financial assistance to help secure Russia's nuclear stockpiles, dismantle atomic submarines and build storage for radioactive waste. But the agreement, which is not retroactive, will not cover the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in the ex-Soviet republic of Ukraine, officials said. The Soviet Union hasn't paid any compensation for the April 1986 Chernobyl catastrophe -- the world's worst commercial nuclear disaster. About 30 people died from the immediate effects of the explosion, and an estimated 5 million people were exposed to radiation. Officials and senior lawmakers emphasized that joining the convention, which requires a nuclear operator to pay at least $60 million in overall damages for an accident, would protect Russia from possible claims for much larger amounts. The 1963 Vienna Convention aimed at a worldwide system but so far has attracted a scattered membership of only 32 states. Two-thirds of the members joined in the last 10 years, including non-nuclear states such as Cameroon, Niger, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago. _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 35 [du-list] Widow accepts combat award for spouse's brain-tumour Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2005 14:23:31 -0800 http://www.herald.ns.ca/stories/2005/03/22/f170.raw.html HALIFAX HERALD (CANADA) Tuesday, March 22, 2005 Back The Halifax Herald Limited Widow accepts combat award for spouse's brain-tumour death By MURRAY BREWSTER / The Canadian Press An award intended for the families of Canadians killed in combat has been given to the widow of a peacekeeper who died at home of a brain tumour five years after serving in the Balkans. In the eyes of Mary Ann Peace, the award amounts to an admission by the military that her husband's fatal illness was linked to his service overseas - something the army has steadfastly denied. Last fall, Peace was told she would receive the Memorial Cross, a decoration given to the mother or spouse of a Canadian Forces member who dies in a war zone, on the way to a war zone, or from "causes directly attributable to service in a special duty area." Given that an army board of inquiry found in 2002 that Warrant Officer Michael Peace's death "cannot be attributed to military service," his widow was shocked by the letter. "When I got this in the mail, I was angry," Mary Ann Peace said in an interview from her home in Fredericton. "I was hurt. After four years, they award me this Memorial Cross. Why?" Although the Defence Department hands out the medal, the officer in charge of the awards branch of the Canadian Forces said the army has not changed its position. "The determination is made by Veterans Affairs Canada," Capt. Carl Gauthier said in an interview from Ottawa. "They determined his death was caused by his service in Bosnia and therefore it meets the eligibility criteria. "What the actual military board of inquiry's findings were is a different matter." But Mary Ann Peace doesn't buy that. She said the decoration is "a backdoor acknowledgment" of her husband's claims and her complaints. "It's their way of saying, 'Go away,' " she said. In 1995, Michael Peace returned sick from a tour of duty in Visoko. Five years later, he was diagnosed with a brain tumour - a condition he blamed on the exposure to chemicals and dust in Bosnia. His unit of the Royal Canadian Regiment was based in an abandoned factory when the army brought in technicians to attach additional plating on 82 armoured personnel carriers. Peace later told his superiors the cutting and pasting of the ceramic tiles created dust that made him and other members of his platoon sick. The 20-year army veteran died in October 2000 just as the army launched a formal board of inquiry into the allegations. During the inquiry, 34 other soldiers came forward to say they're suffering from a variety of unexplained illnesses, such as headaches and mysterious bleeding, as well as vision and memory trouble. The investigation eventually concluded there was no link between the vehicle modifications and soldiers' illnesses. However, Mary Ann Peace had one of the armour tiles analysed by an independent laboratory. The lab found that when cut, the tile produced aluminum oxide dust, a substance that has been linked to cancer. She presented her findings to the army and asked for the investigation to be reopened. But her request was denied. In the summer of 2002, more questions were raised when Veterans Affairs Canada appeared to contradict the findings of the military investigation. It awarded Mary Ann Peace a pension entitlement as though her husband had been killed in combat. The agency said it had a "reasonable doubt" that Warrant Officer Peace was exposed to something that made him sick. The army explained the incongruity by saying that different burdens of proof apply to investigations and the awarding of pensions. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- stichting Laka Laka foundation documentatie en onderzoeks- documentation and research centrum kernenergie centre on nuclear energy Ketelhuisplein 43 Ketelhuisplein 43 1054 RD Amsterdam NL-1054 RD Amsterdam tel: 020-6168294 Netherlands fax: 020-6892179 tel: +31-20-6168294 fax: +31-20-6892179 www.laka.org laka@antenna.nl ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Has someone you know been affected by illness or disease? Network for Good is THE place to support health awareness efforts! http://us.click.yahoo.com/RzSHvD/UOnJAA/79vVAA/FGYolB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 36 Bellona: 444 families want to leave radioactive village In the end of February deputy chairman of the Russian liberal Yabloko party Sergey Mitrokhin discussed with the head of the Nuclear Federal Agency Alexander Rumyantsev the problem of the urgent resettlement of the Muslumovo village, which suffered in the radiation accident after the discharge at the Mayak plant in 1957. 2005-03-22 17:11 Sergey Mitrokhin presented the list of 444 families, which agreed to move from the polluted territory. Alexander Rumyantsev promised to meet the head of Ministry of Emergencies Sergey Shoygu to discuss the problem. Speaking to journalists, Mitrokhin said the Muslumovo problem had been discussed at the meeting with the Russian president Vladimir Putin and Alexander Rumyantsev back in December 2003. At that time Rumyantsev pledged to find money for the village resettlement. However, the Russian legislation stipulates that the local authorities, i.e. Clelyabinsk region administration, should take care of the resettlement. The problem is still not solved, and people continue to die on the polluted land. According to Mitrokhin, the Chelyabinsk administration is not interested in the development of the resettlement program. The meeting with Rumyantsev gave a new hope to relocate people from the polluted village, MK-Novosti reported. Publisher: Bellona Foundation [bellona@bellona.no] , President: Frederic Hauge [frederic@bellona.no] Information: info@bellona.no [info@bellona.no] , Technical contact: webmaster@bellona.no [webmaster@bellona.no] Telephone: +47 23 23 46 00 Telefax: +47 22 38 38 62 * P.O.Box 2141 Grunerlokka, 0505 Oslo, Norway ***************************************************************** 37 Guardian Unlimited: Russia Ratifies Nuke Accident Convention From the Associated Press [UP] Tuesday March 22, 2005 10:31 AM MOSCOW (AP) - Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed into law a bill ratifying an international agreement on liability for nuclear damage, obliging the government to compensate victims of any future nuclear accident, the Kremlin said Tuesday. Russia's two houses of parliament voted this month to ratify the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage, which requires a nuclear operator to pay damages for an accident. Since all of Russia's nuclear power plants and other atomic facilities are in state hands, the government would be liable. The issue of liability for nuclear accidents has been a key stumbling block in Moscow's negotiations with the United States and other Western nations that have pledged financial assistance to help secure Russia's nuclear stockpiles, dismantle atomic submarines and build storage for radioactive waste. But the agreement, which is not retroactive, will not cover the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in the ex-Soviet republic of Ukraine, officials said. The Soviet Union hasn't paid any compensation for the April 1986 Chernobyl catastrophe - the world's worst commercial nuclear disaster. About 30 people died from the immediate effects of the explosion, and an estimated 5 million people were exposed to radiation. Officials and senior lawmakers emphasized that joining the convention, which requires a nuclear operator to pay at least $60 million in overall damages for an accident, would protect Russia from possible claims for much larger amounts. The 1963 Vienna Convention aimed at a worldwide system but so far has attracted a scattered membership of only 32 states. Two-thirds of the members joined in the last 10 years, including non-nuclear states such as Cameroon, Niger, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 38 New Scientist: French nuclear tests may have caused cancers - [NewScientist.com] 23 March 2005 DID France's nuclear tests in the Polynesian islands of the South Pacific cause cancer among the islanders? Some of the scientists who once cast doubt on that notion are now suggesting they might have been wrong. “These abnormalities in the chromosomes are a sign of radiation damage” France exploded 41 nuclear bombs above the Mururoa and Fangataufa atolls between 1966 and 1974. Islanders in the region have since suffered high rates of thyroid cancers, and this has often been blamed on fallout from the explosions. Now Claude Parmentier of the nuclear medicine department at the Gustave Roussy Institute in Villejuif, France, and colleagues have uncovered the first evidence of a link. They found that 30 people in Polynesia with thyroid cancer had three times as many abnormalities in their chromosomes as people in Europe with the same disease (European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, vol 32, p 174). These abnormalities are a sign of radiation damage and are associated with an increased risk of cancer. "These preliminary findings are compatible with possible previous environmental aggression," the researchers write. "This is a very conservative group of scientists who in the past have doubted whether the nuclear tests caused thyroid cancers," says Sue Roff, an expert on nuclear tests from the University of Dundee in the UK. "For them to now propose a connection is quite startling." ***************************************************************** 39 Japan Times: Nuclear firefighting guide finally drafted Tuesday, March 22, 2005 The national government will distribute guidelines explaining how firefighters should protect themselves during rescue operations related to nuclear terrorist attacks and other hazardous situations, officials said. In addition, the Fire and Disaster Management Agency plans to stock fire departments nationwide with radiation protection suits and radiation counters, which are currently distributed only to municipalities that host nuclear facilities, the officials said. The government will distribute the guidelines later this month to all 47 prefectures and about 850 firefighting headquarters, the officials said. The guidelines will also cover transport accidents involving nuclear waste and fires at medical facilities where radiation treatments are conducted. Under the guidelines, firefighters are to don radiation protection suits -- if they have them -- before going to such sites, assess the extent of the contamination, and determine areas to be restricted. They will then take injured people out of the contaminated areas, undress them and transport them to hospitals after removing radioactive material attached to their hair and skin. The guidelines also instruct firefighters to wash off the protection suits when leaving a contaminated site. The Japan Times: March 22, 2005 (C) All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 40 Mos News: Russian Navy Refutes Reports of Soviet Nuclear Torpedoes off Italian Coast - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM Photo: kitsune.addr.com Created: 22.03.2005 16:50 MSK (GMT +3), Updated: 16:50 MSK An official from the Russian navy refuted reports in the Italian media on Tuesday that a Soviet submarine had left nuclear torpedoes near the Italian coast in the Naples Gulf in 1970. “On behalf of the Russian navy’s commander-in-chief, I flatly refute this information as fully not representing the facts,” the first aide to naval commander Captain Igor Dygalo was quoted by Itar-Tass as saying. “This is nothing but a groundless speculative figment having no reliability and directed to create tension in the Russian-Italian relationship.” Dygalo said the Soviet leadership could not mine the Naples Gulf with nuclear charges even in the Cold War era “understanding their threat to the Mediterranean states and the whole world”. The Italian weekly magazine l’Espresso quoted a secret dossier received by the Italian rescue services in November that stated that 20 nuclear torpedoes deposited in 1970 by a Russian submarine on the coast of the Gulf of Naples were still there. “The torpedoes were used to mine an area where units of the U.S. marine corps were stationed,” the magazine wrote. ***************************************************************** 41 Mos News: Russia Ratifies Nuclear Accident Convention - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM Created: 22.03.2005 15:36 MSK (GMT +3), Updated: 15:36 MSK Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed into law a bill ratifying an international agreement on liability for nuclear damage, obliging the government to compensate victims of any future nuclear accident, Associated Press reported Tuesday citing the Kremlin press-service. Russia’s two houses of parliament voted this month to ratify the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage, which requires a nuclear operator to pay damages for an accident. Since all of Russia’s nuclear power plants and other atomic facilities are in state hands, the government would be liable. The issue of liability for nuclear accidents has been a key stumbling block in Moscow’s negotiations with the United States and other Western nations that have pledged financial assistance to help secure Russia’s nuclear stockpiles, dismantle atomic submarines and build storage for radioactive waste. But the agreement, which is not retroactive, will not cover the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in the ex-Soviet republic of Ukraine, officials said. The Soviet Union hasn’t paid any compensation for the April 1986 Chernobyl catastrophe, the world’s worst commercial nuclear disaster. About 30 people died from the immediate effects of the explosion, and an estimated 5 million people were exposed to radiation. Officials and senior lawmakers emphasized that joining the convention, which requires a nuclear operator to pay at least $60 million in overall damages for an accident, would protect Russia from possible claims for much larger amounts. The 1963 Vienna Convention aimed at a worldwide system but so far has attracted a scattered membership of only 32 states. Two-thirds of the members joined in the last 10 years, including non-nuclear states such as Cameroon, Niger, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago. The Chernobyl accident on April 26, 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine (then a part of the Soviet Union) is widely regarded as the worst in the history of nuclear power generation. 30 people were killed immediately after the fourth reactor of the plant suffered a catastrophic steam explosion that resulted in a fire, a series of additional explosions, and a nuclear meltdown. It produced a plume of radioactive debris that drifted over parts of the western USSR, Eastern Europe, and Scandinavia. Large areas of the Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Russian republics of the USSR were contaminated, resulting in the evacuation and resettlement of roughly 200,000 people. About 60% of the radioactive fallout landed in Belarus. The accident raised concerns about the safety of the Soviet nuclear power industry. Write us: [info@mosnews.com] Copyright © 2004 MOSNEWS.COM ***************************************************************** 42 Newsday.com: Accord near in suit over radioactive emission [March 22, 2005] Payout in case over former Hicksville plant said to be about $11M BY MARK HARRINGTON STAFF WRITER A three-year-old lawsuit claiming operators of a former nuclear-fuel plant in Hicksville negligently released deadly radioactive material into the surrounding neighborhood is near to being settled, according to court papers. The amount has not been released, but people familiar with the case said the payout will be about $11 million. A special master is to be appointed to oversee distribution of the settlement, which still awaits a judge's final approval, according to the court documents. More than 280 plaintiffs, including cancer-stricken residents and the heirs of those who had lived near the plant, had asked for $1.6 billion from companies that included Verizon Communications Inc. Verizon is the successor of Sylvania Electric Products Inc., which operated the facility between 1952 and 1966. In pretrial interviews, former employees said they routinely incinerated uranium shavings in large steel drums, releasing ash and radioactive particles into the air, according to court documents. Experts say radioactive airborne particles can lead to lung and thyroid cancers, among other ailments. The plant, which abuts Cantiague Park, is surrounded by several neighborhoods, whose past and current residents charged that the fuel-making operations were never fully disclosed until decades after the plant was shuttered in 1967. State environmental officials have said the site poses no current hazard to residents, and that the number of cancer cases in the area were not abnormal, but assessments of its effect on underlying soil and ground water are ongoing. The case was fraught with complications. Lawyers for plaintiffs charged that some 200,000 pages of documents that represented critical evidence had gone missing in the years before the case came to federal court in 2002. The documents, some of which were required to be kept indefinitely or required signatures in triplicate before they could be destroyed, were never recovered. The plant was opened by Sylvania in 1952 to produce nuclear fuel rods for reactors across the country. The company, which was acquired by GTE, ceased operations in 1967, but residual radioactive uranium and thorium, among other toxic materials, remain in the ground. Some equipment from the plant, including lockers, wound up in Hicksville schools, and were removed last year after their presence came to light. GTE in 2000 merged with Bell Atlantic to become Verizon, the primary defendant in the suit. Verizon funded more than a year of cleanup work at the site before the federal government decided to step in earlier this year. Verizon is still overseeing it until a full assessment of the contamination is complete. "A settlement is being negotiated among the parties," said Peter Thonis, a Verizon spokesman, saying final court approval is required. "Terms of the pending settlement are confidential." Attorneys for the plaintiffs also declined to comment or did not respond to inquiries. David Jaroslawicz, a Manhattan-based attorney for residents, said complexities and the age of the case made fighting it challenging. "In light of the circumstances and the amount of years that passed, we got very fair settlement," he said, declining to discuss any amount. "It was not an easy case." Subscribe to Newsday home delivery [http://www.newsday.com/about/ny-subscribe.htmlstory] Copyright © 2005, Newsday, Inc. [http://www.newsday.com] ***************************************************************** 43 L.A. Daily News: Field lab radiation tests invalid, critics say Article Published: Monday, March 21, 2005 - 9:46:51 By Kerry Cavanaugh Staff Writer Environmental watchdogs said Monday that 15 years of water-quality testing at the Santa Susana Field Lab should be thrown out because the samples were filtered before being tested for radioactivity. Activists have long warned that the Boeing Company's use of filtered samples produced artificially low radiation readings because they were only catching contaminants that made it through a microscopic filter. Their concerns were backed up last week by a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency senior radiation scientist who said examiners have to look at the water and the material left on the filter to get a true picture of the radioactivity. "You have to filter the water to make sure you can run the test, but then you have to test the filter. You have to do both things," said Gregg Dempsey, who heads the EPA's Radiological Emergency Response Team. Without testing both the water and the filter, he said, "It could skew it quite a bit." Prompted by Dempsey's comments, environmental activists called for a whole new testing policy at Boeing's field lab, including independent sampling. "There's 15 years worth of reports and data, and the results are false because they used the wrong methodology," said Mary Weisbrock, who has been following the field lab cleanup. "We know that filtering is lowering the results." Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board officials said that, because of community concerns, they have begun a new study to compare filtered and unfiltered samples. Under the new study ordered by the water board, Boeing must test filtered surface water and test the filtered sediment over the next 10 rains. The study should clarify whether more radiation is leaving the site than previously thought. "If you're looking at the total environment, you want to look at the filter," said John Bishop, director of the water board. Boeing officials said Monday that they followed state and federal testing protocols, but added they would comply with the water board's request to test the sediment. "The procedure requires them to filter so they are just looking at the water," said Paul Costa, Boeing director of environmental protection. "The EPA guidance is to look just at the groundwater, not the sediment." Company scientists filter some surface-water samples that have a lot of sediment, but they've never found radioactive contaminants above the drinking-water limits in filtered or unfiltered samples, Costa said. In the past, water regulators looked at the surface water leaving the field lab, not the sediment or soil in the storm water. l=8s=8 Kerry Cavanaugh, (818) 713-3746 [kerry.cavanaugh@dailynews.com] TO LEARN MOREThe Department of Energy and Boeing will hold a public meeting tonight in Simi Valley to discuss additional environmental tests planned at the field lab before the cleanup is complete. The meeting will begin at 6:30 p.m. at the Grand Vista Hotel, 999 Enchanted Way. More information is available at ">http://apps.em.doe.gov/etec Copyright © 2005 Los Angeles Daily News ***************************************************************** 44 [NukeNet] Yucca Fraud Update, ElBaradei Statement On Nuclear Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2005 14:22:23 -0800 NukeNet Anti-Nuclear Network (nukenet@energyjustice.net) See Item #3 below for the article from which this quote from Dr. Mohammed ElBaradei " ``Nuclear power emits virtually no greenhouse gases. The complete nuclear power chain, from uranium mining to waste disposal, and including reactor and facility construction, emits only 2-6 grams of carbon per kilowatt hour,'' he said. ``This is about the same as wind and solar power and one to two orders below coal, oil and even natural gas.'' 1.E-Mail Shows False Claims About Tests at Nevada Nuclear Site 2. Experts Discuss Nuclear Power As Energy 3. U.N.: Nuclear Energy May Be Back in Vogue 1. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/20/politics/20yucca.html E-Mail Shows False Claims About Tests at Nevada Nuclear Site By MATTHEW L. WALD Published: March 20, 2005 ASHINGTON, March 18 - Internal Energy Department e-mail messages written in preparation for seeking a license to open a nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain in Nevada show that the department made false claims about how it carried out its work. For example, in 2000, James Raleigh, an Energy Department employee, pointed out in one message that records showed some instruments that were apparently used to measure conditions inside the mountain were certified as having been calibrated before the procedure was performed, and even before the equipment was received. Advertisement Mr. Raleigh wrote that approving the completion of a procedure on a piece of equipment not yet in hand "does not appear appropriate." Other instruments, according to the messages, were used for months without calibration. On Wednesday the energy secretary, Samuel W. Bodman, said an employee of the United States Geological Survey had written e-mail messages indicating that the employee had falsified some of his work and that others might also have falsified work. The messages further hinder the project to develop the repository, 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas. The Energy Department has not released the U.S.G.S. e-mail messages or said who wrote them. But on Friday, Joseph Egan, a lawyer for the State of Nevada, which opposes the project, provided The New York Times with copies of the messages pointing to problems in documents being prepared for a license application. The problems appear to involve documents on quality control and quality assurance required by regulators to back up studies and conclusions about the suitability of the repository to contain the wastes for eons. Mr. Raleigh, who is based in Las Vegas, wrote long messages to colleagues giving lists of anomalies and omissions. One, written on June 15, 2000, pointed out that for two instruments commonly used in laboratories, a digital multimeter and a mass flow controller, calibration was approved before the calibration occurred or the instrument was delivered. (A multimeter is used to measure voltage or other characteristics of electricity, and is often used to maintain or check the performance of other equipment. A mass flow controller can monitor the flow or content of gases or liquids.) The same e-mail message noted that another document, a record of procurement of equipment, "gives the appearance that it was falsified," because the first part, identifying the equipment, was dated in December 1997, but the next three parts were dated six months earlier. Mr. Raleigh did not respond to a telephone message left on Friday. Anne Womack-Kolton, a spokeswoman at the Energy Department, said that Mr. Raleigh's e-mails were a positive sign. She said that looking for errors was "the kind of quality-assurance procedures one would hope went on all the time." She added that the department would look into the specifics of the messages. Ms. Womack-Kolton said that the investigation into the messages described by Mr. Bodman on Wednesday was still at an early stage. Those messages have not been released. A consultant for Nevada who found Mr. Raleigh's messages, Allen L. Messenger, said in a telephone interview, "This appears to be smoke, and where there's smoke, there's typically fire." "You can't calibrate a meter you don't have," he added. Joseph Egan, a lawyer representing Nevada, said the scientific work now thrown into question had been used in the process of recommending the site to President Bush. Mr. Bush accepted the recommendation and sent it on to Congress, which approved. But the decision may have been based on fraud, Mr. Egan said. On Thursday the attorney general of Nevada, Brian Sandoval, asked the United States attorney general's office to conduct an independent investigation and to secure the scientific database created by the department "to protect it from further manipulation." A spokesman for his office said he had not received a response. At the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Beth Hayden, a spokeswoman, said that the quality-assurance documentation was "supposed to give us confidence in the information." But Ms. Hayden said that her agency had not started evaluating the information because the application was not complete. Even before the announcement Wednesday about the possible falsifications, the Energy Department was having trouble assembling the materials needed to apply for a license. Under law, the department is supposed to apply to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, which will decide based on rules created by the Environmental Protection Agency. The department had intended to apply by the end of 2004, but under regulatory commission rules it must post supporting materials on the Internet six months earlier. The department said in mid-2004 that it had done so, but later in the year the commission ruled that it had not. Now the Energy Department says it will finish its application by the end of this year. The delay in applying may not make any difference to the project's timetable, however, because at the moment the regulatory commission has no standards to use in judging the application. The E.P.A. had written standards, but a federal appeals court threw them out last year and sent them back to the agency for re-writing. 2. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/international/AP-Nuclear-Talks-Future.html Experts Discuss Nuclear Power As Energy By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: March 21, 2005 Filed at 4:16 p.m. ET PARIS (AP) -- Only by building more nuclear power stations can the world meet its soaring energy needs while averting environmental disaster, experts at an international conference said Monday. Energy ministers and officials from 74 countries were in Paris for the two-day meeting on the future of nuclear energy, as concerns about global warming and fossil fuel supplies renew governments' interest in atomic power. Advertisement ``It's clear that nuclear energy is regaining stature as a serious option,'' said Mohamed ElBaradei, head of the International Atomic Energy Agency -- the U.N. nuclear watchdog -- which organized the conference. ElBaradei said the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol, which commits governments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, was focusing minds. Power plants fired by oil, coal and gas are major sources of carbon dioxide and other gases that cause global warming. The Kyoto accord will force plant operators to pay for their pollution, making nuclear power facilities more competitive by comparison. ``In the past, the virtual absence of restrictions or taxes on greenhouse gas emissions has meant that nuclear power's advantage, low emissions, has had no tangible economic value,'' ElBaradei said. But the Kyoto Protocol ``will likely change that over the longer term.'' Soaring fossil fuel costs, including the historic highs charted by oil prices during the past year, are a more immediate worry for governments -- and a reminder of the petroleum shocks of the 1970s that persuaded countries, including France, to intensify nuclear production. But accidents at the Three Mile Island facility in Pennsylvania in 1979 and at Chernobyl, Ukraine, seven years later undermined public confidence in nuclear power. Although there is still deep public concern about the risk of accidents and transportation and storage of radioactive waste, nuclear advocates say there also is a new awareness that relying on fossil fuels could lead to an even greater environmental catastrophe. ``The climate will probably change no matter what we now do, but we should, at the very least, make every effort to slow it down,'' Donald Johnston, secretary general of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, said in a video statement. ``We ignore its importance at our peril.'' Environmental groups, however, insist that nuclear power is not the solution to the climate problem. ``Today, nuclear energy accounts for 17 percent of electricity consumption and 3 percent of energy consumption,'' said Helene Gassin, who heads Greenpeace's energy campaign in France. The climate problem ``goes far beyond the electricity issue.'' When Finland begins construction of a new reactor later this year, it will become the first Western European country to do so since 1991. France plans to start building a new-generation reactor in 2007. Nuclear plants produce one-third of Europe's electricity, saving greenhouse emissions ``equivalent to those of all of Europe's cars,'' French Industry Minister Patrick Devedjian said. In a message to the conference, U.S. Energy Secretary Sam Bodman cited a University of Chicago study that showed nuclear power ``can become competitive with electricity produced by plants fueled by coal or gas'' because of new technologies delivering more efficient reactors. Echoing recent comments by President Bush, Bodman said: ``America hasn't ordered a new nuclear power plant since the 1970s and it's time to start building again.'' Even in some countries that have been fiercely opposed to nuclear power, the mood is shifting. For example, Italians voted against the use of atomic energy in a referendum the year after Chernobyl, and the government began gradually decommissioning plants. ``Regarding nuclear power, we perceive a clear change in public opinion, notably by the young generations,'' Italian Industry Minister Antonio Marzano said. The real boom in nuclear power is expected to focus on developing countries, particularly in Asia. China is expected to increase its nuclear production capacity from the current 6.5 gigawatts to 36 gigawatts by 2020, according to IAEA figures, while India plans to multiply its production capacity tenfold and Russia is expected to double its capacity to about 45 gigawatts. A gigawatt equals 1 billion watts. U.S. nuclear plant builder Westinghouse Electric Co. is among contenders for an $8 billion contract for four new Chinese reactors to be awarded by year's end. 3. http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/international/international-energy-nuclear.html U.N.: Nuclear Energy May Be Back in Vogue By REUTERS Published: March 21, 2005 Filed at 6:55 a.m. ET PARIS (Reuters) - Expectations of a sharp rise in energy demand and the risk of climate change are pushing many countries to return to the idea of nuclear power, the head of the United Nations nuclear watchdog said Monday. Even the most conservative estimates predict at least a doubling of energy usage by mid-century, Mohamed ElBaradei, director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), told a conference on nuclear energy in the 21st century. Advertisement Have our Top 20 Newsletter delivered to your Inbox each week! The Most "WOW!" Travel Deals on the Internet - here's a sampling: Released MAR 16, 2005 Major Airlines $39-$79 Florida from over 20 Cities, into June Orlando Discount Rooms $39 Orlando Hotel near Universal Studios, 50% OFF United Airlines $69-$89 Fly Cross-Country on United, over 30 Cities Travelocity $294-$394 Japan, Roundtrip (!) from Across the U.S. The Bishop's Lodge Resort & Spa $99 Top-Rated Santa Fe Resort (reg. $259) SmartCruiser.com $274 4-Night Royal Caribbean Cruise to Mexico from L.A. Click on any deal and check them out today! *Fares listed may not include all taxes, charges and government fees. More information. © 2005 Travelzoo Inc. He said any discussion of the energy sector ``must begin by acknowledging the expected substantial growth in energy demand in the coming decades.'' It was unclear what role nuclear power would play, though it appeared to be an increasingly important one, he said. ``All indicators show that an increased level of emphasis on subjects such as fast growing energy demands, security of energy supply, and the risk of climate change are driving a reconsideration, in some quarters, of the need for greater investment in nuclear power,'' ElBaradei said. ``The IAEA's low projection, based on the most conservative assumptions, predicts 427 gigawatts of global nuclear energy capacity in 2020, the equivalent of 127 more 1,000 megawatt nuclear plants than previous projections,'' he said. ElBaradei pointed to nuclear energy policy plans in China, Finland, the United States and possibly Poland as proof that nuclear power may be returning to vogue. But he warned despite an improved atomic energy industry: ``Nuclear power was dealt a heavy blow by the tragedy of the 1986 Chernobyl accident, a blow from which the reputation of the nuclear industry has never fully recovered.'' The explosion at the Chernobyl plant in then-Soviet Ukraine, the world's worst civil nuclear accident, spewed a cloud of radioactivity across Europe and has been blamed for thousands of deaths from radiation-linked illness. More than 100,000 people had to be resettled. On the topic of climate change and the threat posed by greenhouse gases, ElBaradei said nuclear energy in combination with renewable sources of energy represented a safe alternative to fossil fuels. ``Nuclear power emits virtually no greenhouse gases. The complete nuclear power chain, from uranium mining to waste disposal, and including reactor and facility construction, emits only 2-6 grams of carbon per kilowatt hour,'' he said. ``This is about the same as wind and solar power and one to two orders below coal, oil and even natural gas.'' _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings or access the archives at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 45 Deseret News: N-waste hysteria rampant [deseretnews.com] Tuesday, March 22, 2005 I read the article by Lee Benson: "Too much hysteria over nuclear waste, Utah physicist says" (March 7). I agree completely. I had eight years experience as a consulting engineer to oversee the design and construction of the mechanical installations in a research center in the Netherlands with a "high flux-reactor." The government of the Netherlands supported the nuclear energy research in order to get rid of coal and oil, which cause air pollution. The Netherlands discovered huge supplies of natural gas, and when there was no longer any need for nuclear energy, the interest waned. Dirk Hoogland West Jordan © 2005 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 46 Deseret News: 2 Wyoming firms seek OK to reopen uranium ore mill [deseretnews.com] Tuesday, March 22, 2005 Associated Press Two Wyoming mining companies have filed a request with the state of Utah to reopen a uranium ore processing mill shuttered since the early 1980s. The request from U.S. Energy Corp. and its partner, Crested Corp., comes as uranium prices register higher than they've been in decades. The mill in question is Shootering Canyon, about 15 miles north of Lake Powell near Ticaboo, Garfield County. The Shootering mill is the last and most modern uranium mill built in the United States, U.S. Energy spokesman Don Warfield said. It is one of only four uranium mills left in the country, and only two of those are now operating. U.S. Energy, which owns nearby uranium mining acreage, expects to eventually mine that property to provide feedstock for the mill. The company, however, estimates it could take up to two years to secure the necessary permits to reopen the mill, which operated only a few months after construction was completed in 1982. The companies estimate it will cost about $25 million to make the mill operational. They hope to arrange financing while the license application is processed by the Division of Radiation Control, which is part of the Utah Department of Environmental Quality. Uranium is selling above $21 per pound. It sold as low as $7.50 per pound in 2001. The surge is occurring because some are concerned uranium supplies for power plants worldwide may be within a decade of outstripping existing supplies. U.S. Energy's proposal, though, is not without critics. "It is just a bad idea to restart a mill to provide more fuel for existing nuclear powerhouses," said Sarah Fields, chairwoman of the nuclear Waste Committee of the Utah Sierra Club's Glen Canyon Group. "We still don't have a solution to the spent fuel problem, and we're still dealing with the waste from all the other mills." Uranium mining boomed in Utah after miner Charles Steen in 1952 struck a deep bed of ore near Moab. By 1955, the year the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission announced a cooperative program between the federal government and the nuclear power industry to develop power plants, there were approximately 800 mines operating in the region. The industry collapsed in 1962. © 2005 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 47 AU ABC: Uranium mine start date may not be far off Australian Broadcasting Corporation Online"> [http://abc.net.au/] Tuesday, 22 March 2005. 15:00 (AEDT) Production could start on the Honeymoon uranium mine, in north-western South Australia, in the next two years, given current world uranium prices. The project will create 50 to 65 jobs and at least half of those will be based in Broken Hill. Mark Wheatley, the chief executive officer of Southern Cross Resources, says uranium is performing well on world markets. "Uranium is sitting at just under 22 cents a pound and analysts are saying it could go to $35 in a year or 18 months...certainly if we see that outcome you can add another 18 months onto that and you'd have production at Honeymoon," he said. [http://www.abc.net.au/privacy.htm] | Information about the use ***************************************************************** 48 KOLO: The Yucca Battle Heats Up The Commission has been working to defeat the proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear repository idea for decades. The emails telling of the falsified scientific research is just the latest form of ammunition the commission can use against the project. According to commissioners, the case in support of Yucca Mountain has been crumbling over the past few years...and has seriously deteriorated in the past few weeks. "It's been a series of unfortunate events for the Department of Energy, ranging from the standards being thrown out last year to the director resigning, the budget being cut in half, the nuclear industry officials now saying they no longer think Yucca is going to work to this more recent event of the falsified data," says Bob Loux, the Executive Director of the Agency for Nuclear Projects. But for Nevadans against storing waste in their home state, the Department of Energy's mistakes have been their gain. "They believe the project--as the chairman said--is on death row, it just hasn't reached the execution chamber yet. They all feel the proposal is spinning downhill really quick and we all believe it's virtually going to be over before too long." Nevada's lawmakers continue to make their case and complaints heard on the federal level. Attorney General Sandoval and both Senators Reid and Ensign have urged the Department of Justice to not only oversee the investigation into the recent scandals, but to secure the site from further manipulation. "There's a growing loss of confidence both in the utility industry and in Congress over the Yucca Mountain issue." Attorney General Brian Sandoval was unable to attend today's meeting...but, a representative from his offices says that they're feeling very optimistic that the Yucca Mountain proposal has reached the end of its tumultuous lifespan. Gray Television Group, Inc. Copyright © 2002-2005 ***************************************************************** 49 deseretnews: Nevada seeks united front against Yucca [deseretnews.com] Tuesday, March 22, 2005 Utah's 'thrown us under the bus,' official says By Joe Bauman Deseret Morning News Western states should stand together against the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Repository proposed for Nevada, says a Nevada official. Deseret Morning News graphic Marta Adams, a senior deputy attorney general, calls the U.S. Department of Energy "disingenuous" about Yucca Mountain. The most recent bombshell involving the site is the federal government's announcement last week that a review to validate scientific studies about water infiltration and climate may have been falsified. While Nevada organized a strong, tenacious fight against the repository, the Utah congressional delegation sided with the federal government. Rather than support the neighboring state as they should have, said Adams, Utah has "thrown us under the bus." She said Idaho also took that approach. Utah's senators did not back Sen. Harry Reid, D-Nev., in attempting to kill the repository and keep the 40,000 tons of waste where it is now stored — at nuclear power plants. Adams cited Deseret Morning News reports that in 2002 Sens. Orrin Hatch and Bob Bennett, both R-Utah, voted for the repository after six Eastern utilities promised not to commit funds for a temporary storage site in Tooele County. Today, the Private Fuel Storage facility planned for Skull Valley, Tooele County, is gathering momentum while Yucca Mountain is stalled. "I really would encourage the West to get together here" in opposing Yucca Mountain, Adams said Monday. As an example of the DOE's maneuvering, she cited an agency press release quoted by the Deseret Morning News last week — a quotation that prompted her to contact the newspaper. The July 9, 2004, release concerned a U.S. 10th Circuit Court of Appeals decision on Yucca Mountain. The DOE statement made it seem as if DOE had won in court. "I am pleased with today's decisions handed down by the court," Spencer Abraham, then secretary of the DOE, is quoted in the release. "The court dismissed all challenges to the site selection of Yucca Mountain. Our scientific basis for the Yucca Mountain Project is sound." The only aspect vacated by the court, indicates the DOE statement, was a 10,000-year compliance period. But the compliance standard is a critical aspect of the repository, Adams indicated. "While Nevada did not prevail in all of its challenges . . . the key part of the challenge that Nevada made was to the radiation standard." The state prevailed on that standard, a safety feature that is mandated by federal law, she said. "When the court struck the environmental protection standard, the radiation standard, it also invalidated the licensing rule" that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission must apply. "There's no going forward until they get a standard that can withstand challenges." The recent announcement that U.S. Geological Survey documents may have been falsified in Yucca Mountain studies is a somewhat separate issue but pertinent to the quality and integrity of data used to support the project, she said. On Thursday, Brian Sandoval, Nevada's attorney general, wrote to U.S. Attorney Gen. Alberto Gonzales seeking immediate action on the matter. Gonzales should "direct that DOE immediately make all e-mails relevant to this matter available to my office," Sandoval wrote. (The alleged falsification was brought to light in e-mails.) "Second, I ask that your office move immediately to secure the entire Yucca Mountain data base at the project site to protect it from further manipulation. To the extent fraudulent activity has occurred, no one connected with the project should be allowed access to the very data being investigated." According to Adams, the geology at Yucca Mountain is not good for a nuclear waste repository. "Yucca Mountain itself is in one of the most seismically active zones in the country," she said. A key issue is groundwater travel time, the rate at which water flows through the mountain, she said. If water flows through the mountain relatively swiftly, in geological terms, it might erode the storage site sooner than the design standards are supposed to allow. Adams cited one study carried out in part by Los Alamos National Laboratory that groundwater can travel through the mountain in 50 years. Researchers "found a radioactive isotope from atomic testing in the Pacific" that suggested a fast travel time through the mountain. "That study put DOE in a hard position to move forward on Yucca Mountain," she said. DOE then asked the USGS to conduct another examination. It was this testing that was involved with the purportedly falsified information, she said. "We believe Yucca Mountain's in its death throes," she said. Still, "it's a very concerning situation." Adams said she believes Utah is "finally waking up (to the fact) that it's not just Nevada's problem." E-mail: [bau@desnews.com] © 2005 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 50 Las Vegas RJ: Yucca project reviewer raiseddoubts about instruments Tuesday, March 22, 2005 By STEVE TETREAULT STEPHENS WASHINGTON BUREAU WASHINGTON -- Energy Department e-mail messages have raised questions about the accuracy of certain scientific instruments used in the evaluation of Yucca Mountain as a site for nuclear waste. Records for some pieces of equipment suggest they were improperly calibrated for periods of days or months when they were in use, according to e-mail written in May and June 2000 by James Raleigh, a reviewer on the project. "During the data verification review, I came across a number of items that need to be provided, reconciled or explained further," Raleigh wrote in three e-mails that listed possible errors. Mistakes in the use or documentation of instruments used in Yucca Mountain experiments could complicate or disqualify the Energy Department's effort to license a nuclear waste repository at the Southern Nevada site. Critics of the project at Yucca Mountain, 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas, have identified quality assurance as a potential stumbling block for a repository, and DOE officials have said they have devoted extra attention and resources to correct problems. DOE spokeswoman Anne Womack-Kolton said Monday the e-mails were a favorable sign because they showed reviewers were catching mistakes and calling on them to be fixed. Womack-Kolton said DOE officials are investigating to determine whether the problems were corrected and whether they affected work. "One would expect there are many e-mails like this as part of the quality-assurance process," Womack-Kolton said. "Work is reviewed, and if there are holes to be filled, there is communications back. This is not surprising." But Bob Loux, executive director of the Nevada Agency for Nuclear Projects, said the e-mails illustrate sloppiness within the project and could provide more ammunition to challenge the repository. "This tells me the (quality-assurance) program is a mess," Loux said. "Even the stuff that got through the system has tons of errors. We think there is probably more of this." A Yucca quality-assurance reviewer who examined the e-mail for the Review-Journal cautioned against reading too much into them. "These really are a snapshot in time," said the reviewer, who asked not to be identified. "It doesn't show all the work that went on afterwards to resolve these issues." At least one of the e-mails discussed errors that were found in the Yucca drift scale test, in which segments of rock deep within the mountain were to be heated for four years to simulate the conditions that would be created by decaying nuclear waste, the reviewer said. The e-mail, reported over the weekend in the New York Times, appeared unrelated to the announcement last week that at least one worker for the U.S. Geological Survey might have falsified documentation of Yucca Mountain research. That disclosure, which came during a review of e-mail messages within the project, spurred the Energy and Interior departments to start inspector general investigations. The Energy Department also began a review of Yucca Mountain science that led President Bush in February 2002 to declare the Nevada site suitable to build a repository for 77,000 tons of highly radioactive waste. Nevada Attorney General Brian Sandoval and U.S. Sens. Harry Reid, D-Nev., and John Ensign, R-Nev., have urged U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales and the FBI to step in to secure documents for the investigations. Three e-mails authored by Raleigh raising questions about Yucca instrumentation were made available by Nevada attorneys. They were discovered by a consultant searching online for documents tied to last week's disclosures. Raleigh is employed in a regulatory office by Bechtel SAIC, the Yucca project's management contractor. Raleigh's secretary referred a call to a Bechtel spokeswoman, who said the company was investigating the matter. A procurement review for a digital multimeter, which measures electrical current to other pieces of equipment, indicated it was certified for calibration on a date before it was delivered, "which does not appear appropriate," Raleigh said in a June 15, 2000, e-mail. In the same e-mail, Raleigh said a review raised questions about calibration for a mass flow controller, which measures and controls the flow of gases. The procurement record for another instrument "gives the appearance that it was falsified" because one part was dated Dec. 5, 1997, while the remainder was dated May 13, 1997, Raleigh said. Copyright Las Vegas Review-Journal ***************************************************************** 51 BBC: Radioactive waste plans Last Updated: Tuesday, 22 March, 2005 [Windscale is on the site of the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant] The consultation period runs until 30 June. Plans to reduce radioactive waste from the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing site are being made public. The Environment Agency has announced proposals for the UK Atomic Energy Authority's (UKAEA) Windscale station, which is based at Sellafield. It wants to lower Windscale's permitted radioactive discharge, which it says is already relatively small and well within legal limits. Anyone who wishes to view the plans should contact the agency. The proposed review is intended to strengthen the regulations with which the UKAEA has to comply, and steadily improve environmental performance, while it continues to decommission the Windscale site. Its main aim is to ensure that the environment and the public continue to be protected from the potential effects of radioactive disposal at the site. The consultation period runs from 24 March until 30 June, after which the Environment Agency says it will consider all comments before publishing its final decisions. ***************************************************************** 52 Las Vegas SUN: Editorial: Disturbing allegations LAS VEGAS SUN Last Wednesday the Energy Department acknowledged that government scientists reviewing research on the Yucca Mountain project may have falsified documents. The federal government says that its concerns are rooted in e-mails involving U.S. Geological Survey scientists working for the Energy Department. The documents that may have been falsified are part of Yucca Mountain's "quality assurance" program, which is supposed to ensure the scientific accuracy of research on the project. Specifically, the research documents involve computer models of climate and water infiltration at Yucca Mountain. Nevada officials have long contended that burying nuclear waste in Yucca Mountain would threaten public safety and that project scientists haven't adequately taken into account just how easily water can move through the mountain, potentially corroding canisters containi ng nuclear waste. So, if government scientists have engaged in deception involving this critical aspect of Yucca Mountain, it very well could spell the project's demise. As damaging as that revelation was last week, the Energy Department's troubles may have only begun. Joe Egan, a lawyer for the state of Nevada who is in charge of the legal efforts to stop a nuclear waste dump from being built here, told the Las Vegas Sun on Friday that the Energy Department may have known as far back as 2000 about the existence of other "quality assurance" problems. Lawyers working for Nevada made the discovery after scouring through a Yucca Mountain database, where they found an Energy Department audit from 2000 that revealed problems with documentation by U.S. Geological Survey scientists. Egan said the audit discovered that USGS officials had claimed to have calibrated scientific instruments used for work at the Yucca Mountain project on a date which, it turns out, was well before the instruments actually arrived or before the procedures involving the instruments were performed. The New York Times, in a follow-up story on Sunday that provided greater detail about this disturbing allegation involving these important instruments -- one of which monitors the flow of gases or liquids -- reported that an Energy Department employee said a procurement document "gives the appearance it was falsified." Allen Messenger, a consultant for Nevada who discovered the messages from the Energy Department employee, told the Times: "This appears to be smoke, and where there's smoke, there's typically fire." Yucca Mountain, especially as more secrets are unearthed, is cementing its status as a synonym for both shoddy science and deception. The only consolation from years wasted on such a tainted project, one that has been driven by politics and not by science, would be for the federal government to cut its losses and pull the plug. To keep this project going will only invite disaster. ***************************************************************** 53 Las Vegas SUN: State officials: DOE's Yucca woes are 'tip of the iceberg' Today: March 22, 2005 at 11:21:49 PST By Benjamin Grove and Mary Manning LAS VEGAS SUN Energy Department officials knew they had quality assurance problems with Yucca Mountain documents well before it was disclosed last week, according to internal department documents. Document review memos from 2000 also suggest that the department may have more than just documentation problems -- several memos indicate that certain scientific data was questionable due to problems with faulty equipment. "We believe that there is so much faulty QA (quality assurance) stuff in there that we are just seeing the tip of the iceberg," Nevada Nuclear Projects Agency director Bob Loux said. Energy Department officials last week said that they had unearthed e-mails by U.S. Geological Survey employees working on Yucca that indicated USGS workers had falsified Yucca documents. Both Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman and USGS director Chip Groat directed their agency inspectors general to investigate. Roughly 20 e-mails sent by a USGS geologist to a supervisor between 1998 and 2000 were discovered by Energy Department contractors on March 11 that indicated documents had been falsified. The e-mails were found as part of a massive review of millions of pages of Yucca documents, as the department prepares to submit an application to construct Yucca. Bodman disclosed the alleged falsifications last week, but did not release the actual e-mails. Nevada lawyers, seeking to find the e-mails on a Yucca Mountain document database, uncovered some documents they say are even more damning. In May and June of 2000 Energy Department employee James Raleigh noted lists of document and data problems in three separate internal reports. He was unavailable for comment. In several cases, department documents indicate that equipment was calibrated before the calibration equipment had even been received. That "does not appear appropriate," Raleigh noted. The reports catalog numerous examples of sensitive high-tech equipment not being properly calibrated, which can affect scientific data results. In one case, the instrument used to calibrate a pressure-measuring device called a transducer was itself not calibrated. "Therefore, the data acquired are not valid," the report states. In another case, Raleigh noted that calibration weights called "Troemner Weights" were themselves out of calibration and that "no impact evaluation was provided to justify the acceptability of the data obtained with this equipment." The three reports authored by Raleigh also document a number of simple bookkeeping problems, including missing record numbers, errors in document title fields, even page numbering errors. Energy Department spokeswoman Anne Womack Kolton stressed that the USGS e-mails and the Raleigh memos were completely separate sets of documents. In the first set, a federal employee allegedly willfully falsified documents, she said. The second set represent a routine "normal back-and-forth" of information between project managers, she said. It cannot be immediately known how or whether the issues in the Raleigh documents were resolved, she said. "One would expect that there are a number of documents of this sort, where people are discussing additional questions that need to be addressed," Womack Kolton said. Loux said that the documents posted on the Yucca Mountain Project Web site are the final versions prepared for submitting a license application to begin building the repository. "This is the record they intend to submit to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. This is the final record," Loux said. Before the Raleigh memos, seven pages listing questionable data, equipment not calibrated and missing information from five weather stations used at Yucca Mountain were checked by Energy Department employee Brian Mitcheltree on June 12, 2000. The U.S. Geological Survey came under fire for not calibrating automated weather stations. Instead, a technician applied "prorated data corrections" to the humidity probes in 1997, after two years' operation in the field, the report shows. Rain gauges were not calibrated at any of the five stations, although "operational checks" were done on Aug. 14 and 15, 1996, but not in the field before the gauges were removed, the report indicates. "Data produced by these rain gauges are useable for licensing purposes," the report says. In an earlier May 10, 2000, memo all review documents for the properties of water are missing as well as all supporting records for future climate analysis. Egan said that the scientific work under scrutiny in the USGS e-mails and in the Raleigh memo was part of the documentation used to convince President Bush that Yucca Mountain could contain highly radioactive wastes from commercial nuclear reactors and federal Defense Department nuclear weapons development. Bush recommended the site to Congress, which approved Yucca Mountain as a repository over the veto of Nevada Gov. Kenny Guinn in 2002. That decision may have been based on fraudulent information, said Joe Egan, an attorney for Nevada. "It may be criminal," under federal and state statutes, Egan said. Egan and a team of experts were examining thousands of documents over the weekend that had been released and posted on a Yucca database by the Energy Department as part of its license application preparations. Ultimately, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission will be responsible for reviewing and acting on the Energy Department's license application, an effort that could take four years. While the commission has no control over the information the Energy Department is including in its license application, commission staffers are monitoring the application data. The commission staff had questions about missing information, incomplete scientific field notes and flaws in quality assurance at the Yucca Mountain project in the 1990s, said former NRC site representative Bill Belke, who retired in 2001. ***************************************************************** 54 Las Vegas SUN: Rail giant challenges ban on hazardous materials Ban on rail shipments near Capitol is crux of landmark ruling by city By Mimi Hall USA TODAY WASHINGTON -- The nation's capital will fight the federal government and the freight-rail industry in court this week over whether the city can ban freight trains from carrying dangerous materials just four blocks from the U.S. Capitol. Mayors and local leaders nationwide are watching the case closely to see whether they can enact similar bans in their towns. Officials worry that rail cars loaded with chlorine or other potentially deadly substances offer tempting targets for terrorists. In Las Vegas, local officials were alarmed to learn in January that a "credible terrorism threat" prompted the Federal Railroad Administration to send an inspector to Las Vegas on Dec. 31, 2003, to investigate potential threats to hazardous materials cars. Inspectors found no terrorism risk that night, but noted a lack of rail security precautions at a time when Las Vegas was on heightened alert. And local officials are keeping an eye on the Washington case to monitor its possible implications for the radioactive waste that might one day be hauled through Clark County if Yucca Mountain is opened as the nation's nuclear waste repository. The Energy Department has identified a planned rural Nevada rail line as its preferred route, but Clark County officials still worry that the department eventually would also rely on truck routes through the county. "The lesson we should all take away from 9/11 is that we need to reduce risks," said Kathy Patterson, a member of the Council of the District of Columbia, which passed the first-in-the-nation ban last month. But rail giant CSX Transportation and the federal departments of Justice, Transportation and Homeland Security plan to ask a federal judge Wednesday to immediately throw out the ban. They argue that the ban is an unconstitutional violation of the Constitution's Commerce Clause, which says that only Congress can regulate interstate commerce. Barring that, they plan to ask the judge to stop the law from taking effect on April 11 while the case goes to trial. CSX moves 11,000 hazardous-material rail cars through Washington each year. The ban would require CSX to reroute fewer than 5 percent of them -- only the cars containing certain particularly dangerous chemicals and gases -- outside a 2.2-mile radius of the Capitol. Implications for other railroads that ship hazardous material could be similar if other cities adopt bans. Officials for Union Pacific, which operates all rail lines in Nevada, including a line that runs parallel to and about a half-mile from the Strip, estimate that roughly 5 percent of the company's shipments involve hazardous materials. That includes routine chlorine shipments through Las Vegas. But CSX spokesman Robert Sullivan says that rerouting 5 percent of shipments around Washington would amount to 2 million miles of additional travel a year for rail cars carrying hazardous materials. "At best, you're transferring the risk, and beyond that, we think you're actually increasing the risk," he says. The CSX lawsuit also says the ban "invites other jurisdictions to enact copycat legislation which could, by crazy-quilt coverage, bring to a halt the interstate shipment of critically important materials throughout the United States." Chuck Hughes, president of the Gary (Ind.) Common Council, says three dozen city officials discussed the issue at a recent National League of Cities meeting. All are "watching very closely to see what transpires," he says. Hughes says he understands that hazardous materials "have to be transported somewhere somehow, but we still have to find a better way than right through the heart of our cities." In his attempts to block proposed nuclear waste shipments, Mayor Oscar Goodman once advocated a Las Vegas ordinance that would ban nuclear waste from entering city limits. Such a measure was deemed unconstitutional. Goodman also has threatened to personally arrest the first truck drivers that hauled high-level waste into the city. Goodman has lobbied U.S. mayors to oppose Yucca, arguing that nuclear waste could come through or near their cities. In 2002, about 200 mayors approved a resolution that asked Congress to ban high-level waste shipments unless funding, training and equipment were doled out to cities along the routes. In Washington, hazardous materials shipments on rail lines through the city have been halted voluntarily during certain special events, including the president's annual State of the Union address, which takes place in the Capitol, and a 2003 National Football League festival on the National Mall that featured singer Britney Spears. CSX also has voluntarily rerouted some cars onto tracks that still go through the city, but not right by the Capitol. Patterson says she's glad the president and the pop star have been protected from the potential release of deadly chemicals. But she wants permanent protection for Washington's 560,000 residents. Homeland Security Department officials say they are working with freight-rail companies behind the scenes to tighten security. Mark Hatfield, spokesman for the department's Transportation Security Administration, says the agency has worked with freight-rail companies to add fences, cameras and other "perimeter surveillance" around tracks. It also has helped train employees, conductors and yard workers to guard against terrorist attacks. "We work very, very closely with the federal government on the issue," CSX spokesman Robert Sullivan says. "We are constantly consulting and conferring." But allowing rail cars carrying substances as dangerous as chlorine to rumble through heavily populated areas amounts to "gambling with people's lives," says Rick Hind of the environmental group Greenpeace. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory has estimated that a major chlorine release could kill or injure thousands of people within 30 minutes. Rep. Edward Markey, D-Mass., says rail companies should be required to reroute dangerous shipments whenever a safer route is available. "What we need is a national policy," he says. The Washington ban was passed Feb. 1, weeks after a train carrying chlorine derailed in Graniteville, S.C. The accident released a green cloud of toxic gas that killed nine people, sent 500 to the hospital and forced the evacuation of 5,000. After that accident, mayors of 51 cities -- including Las Vegas, Baltimore, Tallahassee, Providence and Chicago -- sent a letter to then-Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge asking for advance notice when shipments containing hazardous materials are going to be moved through their cities. "More than 90,000 shipments of chlorine alone are transported across the country each year," the letter said. "Our citizens should have a reasonable expectation that hazardous materials are being shipped in the safest manner possible and that local first responders are aware of such shipments in advance." The Homeland Security Department opposes such notification on the grounds that it would be impractical and could compromise security. Augusta, Ga., Mayor Bob Young says he doesn't buy that argument. "Cities handle sensitive information from the Department of Homeland Security every day without compromise," he says. "To me, that's simply not an issue." Sun Washington Bureau Chief Benjamin Grove contributed to this story. ***************************************************************** 55 RGJ: Bryan insisting Cheney address Yucca, land sales + [Reno Gazette-Journal] [Reno Gazette-Journal] March 22, 2005 Reno, Nevada, USA 775-788-6200 [ BORDER=] Special Offers at Bryan insisting Cheney address Yucca, land sales Vice president to speak in Reno today Ray Hagar [rhagar@rgj.com] RENO GAZETTE-JOURNAL 3/21/2005 11:56 pm Democrat Richard Bryan, a former Nevada governor and U.S. senator, on Monday urged Vice President Dick Cheney not to limit his speech in Reno today to President Bush’s plan to revamp Social Security. Bryan, speaking on behalf of the Nevada State Democratic Party, urged Cheney to also answer questions about the proposed nuclear waste dump at Yucca Mountain and Bush’s desire to divert most of the windfall profits from public land sales in Clark County to the federal government. It is especially important for Cheney to address those issues today, since Bush earned Nevada’s electoral votes on his way to victory in the 2000 and 2004 presidential campaigns, Bryan said. “The state has twice given its electoral votes to the Bush-Cheney ticket, so it would be a real slap in the face if the vice president did not respond to our questions,” Bryan said. A representative for Cheney said the vice president is looking forward to an open dialogue today but would not say if that included subjects other than Social Security. Two of Nevada’s leading Republicans, Gov. Kenny Guinn and U.S. Rep. Jim Gibbons of Reno said Cheney should not address Yucca Mountain or the sale of land in Southern Nevada just because Bryan said he should. “It is the vice president’s town hall meeting, and he has stated his intent to speak about Social Security,” said Amy Spanbauer, spokeswoman for Gibbons. “That is his prerogative. There are a lot of issues that are important to Nevada beside those two and certainly, Social Security is one of them.” Cheney should be allowed to say what he wants today without being challenged by Nevada’s political leaders, said Greg Bortolin, spokesman for Guinn. “The governor is not going to call the vice president out on those issues,” Bortolin said. Cheney, who visited Nevada six times and Northern Nevada three times during the 2004 presidential campaign, is scheduled to speak today at the Neil Road Recreation Center at 9:55 a.m. Democrats plan to gather on the sidewalk in front of the community center at 8:30 a.m. to protest Bush’s plan to revamp Social Security, according to the Washoe County Democratic Party. Bryan said did not think that Cheney would talk about issues beyond Social Security, despite his urging. “I’m not particularly optimistic, based on his prior performance,” Bryan said. Last week, Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., and U.S. Sen. John Ensign, R-Nev., called for the Justice Department to investigate revelations that data supporting the proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear waste dump might have been falsified. Reid and Ensign asked U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales and FBI Director Robert Mueller to protect documents and investigate how U.S. Geological Survey employees might have falsified data used in scientific studies at the Yucca Mountain project. Bryan said Cheney should tell his audience today how the Bush administration would react to the report. “The president told us before the 2000 election that he would make his decision (on Yucca Mountain) based on sound science,” Bryan said. “So this question ought to be asked to the vice president: If the administration said that sound science would be the criteria upon which they make their decision, how could the sound science they relied upon apparently be falsified information and data? “Another question for the vice president would be, after all we know about the dangers of this site, the fact that that it is increasingly unlikely that it will ever be constructed, why does the administration insist on moving forward, recklessly in my judgment, at full speed ahead?” Bryan also wants the Bush administration to keep its hands off the profits generated from the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act of 1998. The act directs the BLM to sell excess federal property in Clark County and keep the profits in the state. The sales have generated $2.2 billion since November 1999, according to BLM figures. Bush officials say the profits have outstripped Nevada’s needs and should be shared by the nation’s taxpayers, according to Associated Press reports. In February, the Bush administration proposed that Congress amend the law to take 70 percent of the money for U.S. Treasury. Earlier this month, House and Senate budget committees rejected the Bush plan, due in large part to Nevada lawmakers who were adamant about blocking the Bush plan. Gibbons has said that he would oppose any plan that would send land profits outside Nevada. “Why would the administration, who professes to be our friends here in Nevada, target that money when Democrats, Republicans, independents, northerners and southerners in our state have recognized that law as one of the most important pieces of legislation to come out of Congress in recent years?’ Bryan asked. © Copyright Reno Gazette-Journal, a Gannett Co. Inc. [http://www.gannett.com] ***************************************************************** 56 RGJ: State official says more e-mails suggest faulty nuke dump data [Reno Gazette-Journal] [Reno Gazette-Journal] March 22, 2005 Reno, Nevada, USA 775-788-6200 [ BORDER=] [online@rgj.com] ASSOCIATED PRESS 3/21/2005 11:58 pm LAS VEGAS — A Nevada official fighting a proposed national nuclear waste dump at Yucca Mountain said Monday that more e-mails have been found suggesting that data supporting the Energy Department’s selection of the site might be tainted. Messages drawn from a computer database of Energy Department information on the project note that several instruments were not calibrated correctly before they were used to take measurements at the site. “If you’re using equipment that isn’t calibrated and isn’t accurate, the data is not accurate,” said Bob Loux, the top Nevada state official working to stop the Yucca Mountain project. He said the e-mails cast more doubt on the science underpinning the project. An Energy Department spokeswoman said the e-mails showed James Raleigh, a Las Vegas-based Energy Department subcontractor on the Yucca project, was doing his job. “It was the normal quality assurance process at work,” said Anne Womack Kolton, a department spokeswoman in Washington, D.C. “We expect there are many e-mails that reflect the back-and-forth about work product and what was needed to meet quality assurance standards.” Raleigh is an employee of J.K. Associates, a contractor with Bechtel SAIC, the chief contractor on the Yucca project. He did not respond Monday to messages seeking comment. Loux said the newly found e-mails bolstered the state’s claim that the Energy Department shaped science to justify plans to entomb 77,000 tons of spent nuclear fuel at Yucca Mountain. Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman said last week that other e-mails that were recently discovered indicated a U.S. Geological Survey worker fabricated documentation from 1998 to 2000 about computer modeling involving water infiltration and climate at the site. The U.S. Geological Survey e-mails have not been released. Loux said a state researcher found the e-mails dealing with equipment calibration on Thursday on the Licensing Support Network, the Energy Department’s Internet database of Yucca project documents. The messages do not specify what the instruments were being used to test. [http://www.gannettfoundation.org/] © Copyright Reno Gazette-Journal, a [http://www.gannett.com] Newspaper. ***************************************************************** 57 Times Argus: Yucca Mountain woes seen having little effect on Vermont Yankee March 22, 2005 By David Gram Associated Press MONTPELIER — Leading lawmakers say the latest bad news for the proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear waste site in Nevada is expected to have little effect on their deliberations about radioactive waste storage at Vermont's lone reactor. Yucca Mountain has been identified as the eventual home for the highly radioactive spent fuel that Vermont Yankee wants to store in concrete and steel canisters on its property in Vernon. But the long-planned Nevada project has seen numerous delays, and has suffered another blow in recent days with revelations that U.S. Geological Survey data on water movement around the site, generated in the late 1990s, may have been falsified. Yucca Mountain was supposed to open by 1998; more recently federal officials put its opening at 2010 but in recent months have been backing away from that date as too optimistic. Meanwhile, spent fuel pools like Vermont Yankee's have been filling up around the country. Officials with Entergy Nuclear, Vermont Yankee's owner, have estimated the Vernon reactor's spent fuel could fill up be 2007 or 2008 — potentially forcing the plant to close four or five years short of its currently scheduled shutdown date of 2012. Vermont Yankee officials have been pushing dry cask storage as the solution to the waste storage problem. Last year they tried and failed and this year they've been trying again to get lawmakers to extend to Entergy an exemption the plant's previous owners had from a state law requiring that the Legislature approve any new plan to store nuclear waste in Vermont. Chairs of the House and Senate Natural Resources Committee, which have been taking testimony on the dry cask storage issue, said they doubt the latest troubles at Yucca Mountain will have much impact on their deliberations. "I think there are many Vermonters who have been concerned all along that Yucca Mountain might never open or might open many decades from now," said House Speaker Gaye Symington. "Whatever we do with dry cask storage has the potential to become essentially permanent storage," she added. "It just makes it that much more important that we be very thoughtful about how we go about this." During legislative hearings lawmakers repeatedly have mused about the meaning of the word "temporary" when applied to dry cask storage. The spent fuel storage pool was called a temporary solution to the nuclear waste disposal problem when it was built 33 years ago. Both Symington and Senate President Pro Tem Peter Welch said consensus among key lawmakers appears to be gelling around a plan that would allow Vermont Yankee to use the multi-layered concrete and steel casks to store radioactive waste, but would charge the plant an annual fee for each cask. Lawmakers said money from the annual fees could be used toward other energy projects in Vermont, with an eye toward addressing the state's energy needs a decade from now when Vermont Yankee — unless it seeks and wins a license extension — will be closed and the state's power import contracts with Hydro-Quebec will be phasing out. In addition, said Rep. Robert Dostis, D-Waterbury and chairman of the House Natural Resources Committee, "If those casks are on Vermont soil, paying a fee would be a disincentive for them (Entergy) keeping them here." Dostis said lawmakers are facing the prospect that whatever they decide, Vermont Yankee's property eventually is almost certain to contain dry casks containing radioactive waste. He noted that the casks will be used in removing radioactive plant components when the reactor eventually is dismantled. But the lawmakers also said they wanted to limit the number of dry casks to those the plant would need to continue making its current level of electricity until its current license expires in 2012. Vermont Yankee would be expected to seek a larger number of casks if it wins the permission it is currently seeking to boost its power output by 20 percent and if it is allowed to extend its license. Welch said he is sensing among his fellow legislators "a reluctance and a resistance to allowing dry cask (storage) to be an open door to uprate and license extension." © 2005 Times Argus [http://www.timesargus.com/] ***************************************************************** 58 Salt Lake Tribune - Opinion: No regard for Utahns Article Last Updated: 03/21/2005 11:50:48 PM I read with utter amazement U.S. Rep. Chris Cannon's recent call for renewed nuclear testing. A 2002 study conducted by the U.S. government revealed that 15,000 Americans died as a direct result of Cold War-era nuclear testing. The Atomic Energy Commission performed these tests despite knowing there were potential risks involved. We are no longer talking about potential risks. It is thus unconscionable for Cannon to call for a resumption of tests. Though future tests would not be conducted in the atmosphere, there are risks associated even with underground nuclear detonations. From 1963 to 1992, the Department of Energy has estimated that in more than 40 underground nuclear tests, radiation was detected outside the Nevada Test Site. Cannon believes his own father lost his life partly from past testing. For him to promote continued testing despite the risks shows that he has little regard for the lives of the Utahns who voted him into office. The United States stands to lose far more in resuming tests than it stands to gain in the tests' deterrent value. Tyler Vanburen Snow Provo © Copyright 2005, The Salt Lake Tribune. ***************************************************************** 59 Salt Lake Tribune - Opinion: Yucca threatens Utah Article Last Updated: 03/21/2005 11:50:50 PM If the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain is ever built, Salt Lake City, by virtue of its location on the mainline Union Pacific Railroad line and at the intersection of two main Interstate highways, will be impacted by 80 percent or more of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste being shipped to the Yucca site. That amounts to many thousands of shipments over 30 years or more. It is difficult to comprehend the position of Utah's two senators who are urging President Bush on the one hand to stop the PFS project in Utah and on the other to move ahead with Yucca Mountain. Of the two projects, Yucca Mountain has the potential to impact Utah, especially the Salt Lake City area, much more significantly and over a longer period of time than PFS. Both of these ill-conceived projects pose significant and wholly unnecessary risks inherent in transporting deadly radioactive waste across the country and through major urban centers and should be stopped. Utah's senators should be joining with Nevada in opposing the continuing victimization of Western states as dumping grounds and nuclear waste shipping corridors. Getting Utah off the hook with respect to PFS at Nevada's expense will not keep Salt Lake City and other Utah communities from being dramatically impacted by Yucca Mountain waste shipments. Joseph Strolin Nevada Agency for Nuclear Projects Carson City, Nev. © Copyright 2005, The Salt Lake Tribune. ***************************************************************** 60 Korea Times: Selection of Nuke Dump Site Due by September Hankooki.com > The Korea Times > Biz/Finance By Seo Jee-yeon Staff Reporter The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy (MOCIE) said Tuesday it would select a site for low-and mid-level radioactive waste by the end of September through a bid. The timetable was set by MOCIE Minister Lee Hee-beom in a media policy forum, held at the Press Center in downtown Seoul. ``The government will proceed with the site selection fairly to avoid conflict during the process, and the final decision will be made after a vote by residents of the candidate site,¡¯¡¯ Lee said. Lee repeatedly stressed the urgency of building the nuclear dumpsite, saying the storage capacity for low-and mid-level radioactive waste could run out around 2008. The ministry has temporarily delayed the site selection since the government¡¯s plan to build a nuclear waste repository in Wido, an island in the West Sea, was foiled by strong opposition from residents last February. It resumed efforts to find a candidate late last year but decided to build a low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste site by 2008 first and construct a more risky high-level radioactive site later. The ministry also legally guarantees to offer economic benefits to the region that houses the nuclear dumpsite. The ministry will make a public notice for the candidate selection procedure and receive applications by the end of June, while conducting a poll among those applicants. ``So far, a couple of cities, including Pohang and Kunsan, expressed their willingness to house the site,¡¯¡¯ a MOCIE official said. ``If there is no applicant before the deadline, the ministry will request regions able to house the site conduct a residential poll over the issue,¡¯¡¯ the official said. Despite strong resistance from environmentalists, Korea has no choice but to build a nuclear waste dumpsite as Korea relies on nuclear power for up to 40 percent of the total supply. jyseo@koreatimes.co.kr 03-22-2005 17:13 ***************************************************************** 61 KUTV: Federal Hearing for Utah Appeal On Nuclear Waste Dump Tues., Mar. 22 Mar 22, 2005 5:16 pm US/Mountain A nuclear licensing board has scheduled a hearing for oral arguments between the state of Utah and backers of a proposed nuclear waste dump on an American Indian reservation. The April 6 hearing was announced Tuesday by the Atomic Safety and Licensing board, which late last month cleared a regulatory hurdle in approving the dump on Skull Valley Band of Goshute Land about 50 miles southwest of Salt Lake City. The last issue was whether the risk of a plane from nearby Hill Air Force Base crashing into the depleted nuclear fuel was high enough to render the project unsafe. The ruling would have sent the proposal to the full Nuclear Regulatory Commission for final approval, but the state--which has long fought the proposed site--appealed. The issue has wound its way through the courts since Tribal Chairman Leon Bear signed a lease in 1997 allowing Private Fuel Storage to store the fuel on Goshute land. The site is barren desert, and the storage plan would bring the small impoverished tribe a fortune--possibly as much as $3 billion. PFS, a consortium of eight utilities, intends for the site to be a temporary dump for spent nuclear fuel rods before they end up permanently in the proposed Yucca Mountain facility in Nevada. Copyright © 2005 The Associated Press © MMV, KUTV Holdings, Inc. ***************************************************************** 62 Washington Daily News: Mayors, OLF attorney to address N.C. lawmakers By BILL SANDIFER Staff Writer It's the law. But it may not be for much longer. The foundation underpinning the now notorious North Carolina General Statute 104-7 appears to be crumbling. A grassroots group representing a variety of interests will converge on the North Carolina General Assembly today, bearing verbal picks and shovels. Slated for a noon appearance before the House Environment and Natural Resources Committee, speakers will lobby the committee to recommend for approval House Bill 236. Such a vote would send the bill to the House floor for debate. The House bill and its companion, Senate Bill 335, slowly are grinding through legislative machinery, following multiple failures to reach introduction. Passed by the General Assembly in 1907 to streamline approval of federal projects in a rapidly developing North Carolina, NCGS 104-7, opponents claim, amounts to a giveaway of state authority to have any say over control of property either ceded to or taken by the federal government. The little-known statute hit the spotlight a couple of years ago when opponents of a Navy outlying landing field, slated to be built in Washington and Beaufort counties, found their protests to the Navy falling on deaf ears. Opponents had sought amendment of the law in an effort to draw Navy officials to the table for talks. The issue, however, became clouded by fears that amending the law might offend military interests at a time when installations worldwide are under review for closure. But the issue has over time attracted support from a broader range of interests, including the property rights advocate, Citizens for a Sound Economy, both at the state and national levels. Advocates for revision of the law cite the state's close brushes with other federal projects considered undesirable in most communities, projects similar to the nuclear waste repository slated for Nevada's Yucca Mountain. That already controversial project ground to a halt recently when communications turned up indicating some of the environmental research supporting the site selection might have been falsified. That kind of revelation concerns one of today's speakers, Roper Mayor Bunny Sanders. "We are impotent," said Sanders. "The state of North Carolina is impotent, totally, to do anything about a politician who rises to a position of power, no matter what the committee is -- it could have been a committee that oversees the nuclear waste dump. It could have been a senator who's in Tennessee who says, 'You know what? I think we ought to put this in the (North Carolina) mountains.' ... And yet we sit impotent to do anything about it." As a small town mayor in a region one Navy admiral called "the middle of nowhere," Sanders said many lawmakers representing rural areas need to take note. "No doubt most of them represent areas which ... by the admiral's definition," said Sanders, "would be called the middle of nowhere, and it is those communities that are vulnerable unless they change this law, unless they pass this bill. That constitutional right that they waived means that, not necessarily (just) the Navy and any federal agency can impose its will on us, but any politician that happens to rise to a position of power as (Virginia Sen. John) Warner has, for example; he is in (a powerful) position because we waived this law to impose his will on the citizens of North Carolina. (Warner, a Republican, is chairman of the U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee.) "We do not even have the right to be heard on the issue," Sanders continued. "... That's why this is so critical. It's not only critical to us, but it's critical to every single community in North Carolina." Sanders said she fears northeastern North Carolina residents may not have heard the last from their neighbor to the north. "This is not the first time that North Carolina has become victim to overdevelopment in Virginia. So here we go again. What's going to be the next thing Virginia dumps on us? So I think we need to have some power someplace to at least compel negotiations." Sanders also has a message for lawmakers who may feel such a revision is tailored to an OLF. "You know what? We've won our battle, we believe; we think we're OK. But I do not believe that most North Carolinians are fine; I believe they are vulnerable, and I think we are vulnerable the next time this happens. ... Any senator that rises to power in adjacent states who wants to get rid of a problem ... they'll send it to North Carolina." Sanders added that the crux of her message to lawmakers would be the need to return to a level playing field. "The U.S. Constitution, oddly enough, did give us that protection -- at least it gave us all the right -- to say you can't do this to North Carolinians, but we gave it away. And Virginia kept theirs. They said, 'We're not stupid.' "If the leadership of North Carolina is not willing to step up and protect the lives and property of the citizens of this state by at least taking back the right to compel communication, then what does any citizen in the state have in the way of property rights?" Also slated to speak at the noon hearing are Plymouth Mayor Brian Roth and attorney and law professor Tom Earnhardt. Earnhardt spearheaded the drive to make the term "104-7" familiar throughout state government. The House committee will meet in the Legislative Office Building, room 643, across the street and north of the legislative building. Copyright The Washington Daily News unless otherwise noted. ***************************************************************** 63 KRNV: Richard Bryan hopes VP will address issues other than Social Security March 22, 2005 RENO Former Nevada governor and US Senator Dick Bryan says he hopes Vice President Dick Cheney will talk about more than Social Security on Tuesday. Bryan says he needs to address the proposed nuclear waste dump at Yucca Mountain and President Bush's desire to divert most of the windfall profits from public land sales in Clark County to the federal government. Cheney is scheduled to speak at 9:00 AM in Reno. Speaking on behalf of the state Democratic Party, Bryan said it's important that Cheney address those issues since Bush earned Nevada's electoral votes on his way to victory in the 2000 and 2004 presidential campaigns. A representative for Cheney says the vice president is looking forward to an open dialogue but isn't saying if that includes subjects other than Social Security. (Copyright 2005 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.) [http://www.worldnow.com] All content © Copyright 2001 - 2005 WorldNow and KRNV. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 64 EMS: U.S. weapons grade plutonium shipment to depart France tonight http://www.ems.org [Environmental Media Services - Washington, DC] Tuesday, 22 March 2005 Source: Greenpeace Posted by: Greenpeace International [http://www.greenpeace.org] Cherbourg, March 22 2005 -- A shipment of U.S. weapons grade plutonium fuel (MOX) will depart from the port of Cherbourg later tonight. Two British nuclear freighters, Pacific Pintail and the Pacific Teal, are scheduled to pick up the dangerous cargo this evening, with departure for the U.S. expected four to six hours later. The two vessels will transport the plutonium to the port of Charleston, South Carolina. Greenpeace condemns the shipment as a major set back to global non-proliferation efforts. The plutonium was taken from U.S. nuclear warheads and transformed into nuclear reactor fuel by the French state company Areva. The fuel or MOX is to be tested in a nuclear reactor prior to the start up of a large-scale plutonium fuel program in the United States. "The nuclear industry is out of control. In Paris this week the IAEA called for an expansion of nuclear power, while at the same time it warned of the danger from proliferation and nuclear terrorism. Meanwhile, less than a few hours away in Normandy, one of the most vulnerable plutonium transports is about to take place," said Shaun Burnie of Greenpeace International. "The IAEA and their supporters in the government don't want to face the fact that the nuclear problem exists because they have created it themselves by promoting nuclear energy. The only solution is ending the trade in bomb material, a fissile material treaty and nuclear phase-out." Last week Greenpeace released a U.S. security assessment, which concluded that the U.S. transport was highly vulnerable to terrorist attack. Domestic French plutonium transports, with even less security protection, were considered at extreme risk. Greenpeace wants all plutonium to be treated as nuclear waste not as potential reactor fuel. This approach would be cheaper, faster, safer, and more secure. It also urges a ban on the production of all weapons-usable fissile materials. For further information please contact: Yannick Rousselet - Greenpeace France, + 33-685 806-559 Shaun Burnie, Greenpeace International, + 31 629 001133 Photos and footage available upon request Picture Desk: Laura Lombardi + +31 6 290 01 162 Video Desk: Martin Atkin + +31 6 27 00 00 57 See www.stop-plutonium.org for background documentation (currently being blocked through orchestrated external hacking) Notes to editors: 1). BNFL currently has over 100 tons of plutonium at its Sellafield nuclear complex in the UK. It plans to ship 50 tons to Europe and Japan over the next 10-20 years. Areva, the French state nuclear company that manufactured the US plutonium, has between 70-80 tons of plutonium at la Hague in Normandy, all of which it plans to transport to clients in Europe and Japan within 10-15 years. Greenpeace is an independent campaigning organisation that uses non-violent, creative confrontation to expose global environmental problems and to force solutions that are essential to a green and peaceful future. Environmental Media Services 1320 18th Street NW 5th Floor Washington, DC 20036 (202) 463-6670 Website comments: Copyright © 2003 Environmental Media Services ***************************************************************** 65 DOE: Memorandum of Understanding Between the Department of the FR Doc 05-5597 [Federal Register: March 22, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 54)] [Notices] [Page 14452-14457] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr22mr05-31] Interior and the Department of Energy AGENCIES: Office of Environmental Management, Department of Energy, and Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior. ACTION: Notice of draft memorandum of understanding. SUMMARY: The Department of Energy (DOE) and the Department of the Interior (DOI) plan to enter into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), no later than six months after the publication of this draft MOU. The purpose of the MOU is to describe how the Departments will cooperate in transferring administrative jurisdiction for certain lands within the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (Rocky Flats) from DOE to DOI and the transition of Rocky Flats from a defense nuclear facility into the Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge (the Refuge). The text of the draft MOU is set forth below. DATES: Comments on the draft MOU are due by May 23, 2005. ADDRESSES: Comments should be sent to: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Management, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Matthew Duchesne, of the Office of Environmental Management, at the address in the ADDRESSES section; telephone (202) 586-6540. This is not a toll-free number. Authority: The Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge Act of 2001, Public Law 107-107, Title XXXI, Subtitle F (December 28, 2001). Signed at Washington, DC, on March 15, 2005. Paul M. Golan, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management, Department of Energy. Craig Manson, Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks, Department of the Interior. Implementation of the Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge Act of 2001 I. Purpose, Authority, and Scope A. Purpose This Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is entered into by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Department of the Interior (Interior), hereinafter referred to as the Parties, regarding the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (Rocky Flats), Colorado. This MOU describes how the Parties will cooperate in transferring administrative jurisdiction (the transfer) of certain lands within Rocky Flats from DOE to Interior and the transition of Rocky Flats from a former defense nuclear facility to the Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge (Refuge). B. Authority The authority for this MOU is section 3175 of the Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge Act of 2001, Public Law 107-107, sections 3171 to 3182 (Dec. 28, 2001) (the Act), 16 U.S.C. 668dd note. C. Scope The Act requires that the Parties carry out the transfer of administrative jurisdiction pursuant to an MOU that: 1. Provides for the division of responsibilities between the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of the Interior necessary to carry out such transfer of lands that will become the Refuge; 2. Addresses the impacts that any property rights referred to in section 3179(a) of the Act may have on the management of the Refuge, and provide strategies for resolving or mitigating these impacts; 3. Identifies the land the administrative jurisdiction of which is to be transferred to the Secretary of the Interior; and 4. Specifies the allocation of the Federal costs incurred at the Refuge after the date of such transfer for any site investigations, response actions, and related activities for covered substances. II. Background A. The majority of the Rocky Flats site has generally remained undisturbed since its acquisition by the Federal Government. B. The State of Colorado is experiencing increasing growth and development, especially in the metropolitan Denver Front Range area in the vicinity of the site. That growth and development reduces the amount of open space and thereby diminishes for many metropolitan Denver communities the vistas of the striking Front Range mountain backdrop. C. The Act provides that after the cleanup and closure of Rocky Flats, it shall thereafter be retained by the United States and managed so as to preserve the value of the site for open space and wildlife habitat. D. Rocky Flats provides habitat for many wildlife species, including a number of threatened and endangered species, and is marked by the presence of rare xeric tallgrass prairie plant communities. Establishing the site as a unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System will promote the preservation and enhancement of those resources for present and future generations. E. The mission of the National Wildlife Refuge System is to administer a national network of lands and waters for the conservation, management, and, where appropriate, restoration of the fish, wildlife, and plant resources and their habitats within the United States for the benefit of present and future generations of Americans (16 U.S.C. at 68dd(a)(2)). F. Section 3177 of the Act provides that the Refuge shall be managed for the purposes of: Restoring and preserving native ecosystems; providing habitat for, and population management of, native plants and migratory and resident wildlife; conserving threatened and endangered species (including species that are candidates for listing under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 11531 et seq.)); and providing opportunities for compatible scientific research. Management of the Refuge shall ensure that wildlife-dependent recreation and environmental education and interpretation are the priority public uses of the Refuge. [[Page 14453]] G. Section 3175 of the Act provides that the transfer of administrative jurisdiction will be completed without cost to Interior. H. Section 3175 of the Act also provides that the transfer of administrative jurisdiction will not result in a reduction in funds available to DOE for cleanup and closure of Rocky Flats. I. This MOU complies with the foregoing requirements of the Act and also addresses opportunities for cooperation between the Parties on issues related to management of natural resources prior to the transfer of administrative jurisdiction. Further, this MOU addresses post transfer issues related to oversight, operation, maintenance, and monitoring of response actions. J. Nothing in this MOU shall relieve, and no action may be taken under this MOU to relieve, DOE, Interior, or any other person from any liability or other obligation at Rocky Flats under CERCLA, RCRA, or any other Federal or State law. III. Definitions A. CERCLA The term ``CERCLA'' means the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.). B. Cleanup and Closure The term ``Cleanup and Closure'' means the response actions for covered substances carried out at Rocky Flats, as required by any of the following: 1. The Rocky Flats Cleanup Agreement (RFCA) 2. CERCLA; 3. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), 42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.; and 4. The Colorado Hazardous Waste Act (CHWA), sections 25-15-101 to 25-15-327, Colorado Revised Statutes. C. Consultation In the context of this MOU, the term ``Consultation'' means normal discussion which will occur between Interior and DOE whenever either Party seeks advice or exchanges information. As used herein, ``consultation'' does not imply consultation under provisions of section 7 of the Endangered Species Act unless explicitly stated as such. D. Covered Substance The term ``Covered Substance'' means any of the following: 1. Any hazardous substance, as such term is defined in paragraph (14) of section 101 of CERCLA (42 U.S.C. 9601(14)). This includes all radioactive substances released at Rocky Flats by DOE; and 2. Any pollutant or contaminant, as such term is defined in paragraph (33) of such section 101, (42 U.S.C. 9601 (33)); and 3. Any petroleum, including crude oil or any fraction thereof which is not otherwise specifically listed or designated as a hazardous substance under subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (14) of such section 101 (42 U.S.C. 9601 (14)); and 4. Any other substance, material, or waste the release of which the Parties jointly agree (or is determined through dispute resolution) requires a response action to protect human health and the environment. E. Land Use Controls The term ``Land Use Controls'' means any type of physical, legal, or administrative mechanism used to restrict the use of, or limit access to, real property to ensure that there are no unacceptable risks to human health, safety, or the environment. Land use controls consist of Engineering Controls and/or Institutional Controls. Land use controls may be either temporary or permanent. The establishment of the Refuge under the Act does not constitute a land use control for purposes of this MOU. F. Institutional Controls The term ``Institutional Controls'' means any non-engineering measure, such as legal or administrative mechanisms, whether temporary or permanent, designed to prevent or limit exposure to Covered Substances left in place at a site or to assure effectiveness of the chosen remedy. G. Interior The term ``Interior'' means the United States Department of the Interior, including the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). H. Overlay Refuge The term ``Overlay Refuge'' means those lands at Rocky Flats under the jurisdiction, custody, and control of DOE, but over which FWS exercises natural resource management activities by agreement with, and permission from, DOE. Subject to that permission and subject to DOE's continuing jurisdiction, custody, and control, FWS is authorized to manage fish and wildlife resources on an Overlay Refuge pursuant to the National Wildlife Refuge Administration Act, 16 U.S.C. 668dd et seq. I. RCRA The term ``RCRA'' means the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.), popularly known as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. J. Refuge The term ``Refuge'' means the Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge established under section 3177 of the Act. K. Response Action The term ``Response Action'' means any of the following: 1. A response, as such term is defined in paragraph (25) of section 101 of CERCLA (42 U.S.C. 9601 (25)); 2. A corrective action or closure under RCRA or CHWA; or 3. Any requirement for institutional controls imposed by any of the laws referred to in subparagraph (1) or (2). L. Retained Property The term ``Retained Property'' means the real property and facilities at Rocky Flats and identified in section 3175(d)(1) of the Act. M. RFCA The term ``RFCA'' means the Rocky Flats Cleanup Agreement, an intergovernmental agreement, dated July 19, 1996, among DOE, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Department of Public Health and Environment of the State of Colorado (CDPHE). N. Rocky Flats 1. Except as provided in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph, the term ``Rocky Flats'' means the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, Colorado, a former defense nuclear facility, as depicted on the map entitled, ``Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site'' dated October 22, 2001, and attached to this MOU as Attachment A and available for inspection in the office of the Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Realty, 3rd Floor, 134 Union Boulevard, Lakewood, Colorado. The map is also available at the Rocky Flats Reading Room located at the Front Range Community College, 3705 W. 112th Avenue, Westminster, Colorado. 2. The term ``Rocky Flats'' does not include: (i) The land and facilities of DOE's National Renewable Energy Laboratory, including the acres retained by the DOE under section 3174(f) of the Act; and (ii) any land and facilities not within the boundaries depicted on the map referred to in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph. [[Page 14454]] O. Transferred Property The term ``Transferred Property'' shall mean the real property transferred by the Secretary of the Department of Energy to the administrative jurisdiction, custody, and control of the Secretary of the Department of the Interior pursuant to section 3175 of the Act. IV. Applicable Laws All applicable Federal and State laws including, but not limited to the following, will be implemented in accordance with the Parties' responsibilities under the MOU: 1. CERCLA; 2. RCRA; 3. CHWA; 4. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 703 et seq.); 5. The National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966, as amended (16 U.S.C. 668dd et seq.); 6. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); 7. The Economy Act (31 U.S.C. 1535 et seq.); and 8. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 668-668d). V. Relevant Agreements The following Agreements are relevant to and are not modified by this MOU: 1. RFCA; 2. ``Memorandum of Agreement for Coordination of Endangered Species Act Compliance with Activities at Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site'' (March 23, 1999) among FWS, EPA, CDPHE, Colorado Department of Natural Resources, and DOE. (This Memorandum of Agreement established a process for the five parties to work together to achieve compliance with the mandates of the Rocky Flats Cleanup Agreement, other site closure activities, and the Endangered Species Act); 3. ``Interagency Agreement, number DE-A134-99 RF 01776, between FWS and DOE, Rocky Flats Field Office for The Rock Creek Fish and Wildlife Cooperative Management Area at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site'' (May 17, 1999). (This interagency agreement identified technical services to be provided by FWS for the purpose of conserving, protecting, developing, and managing the habitat on the portion of the Rocky Flats Buffer Zone designated by Rocky Flats as the Rock Creek Reserve); and 4. ``Interagency Agreement, number DE-AI34-02 RF 02046, between FWS and DOE, Rocky Flats Field Office for Wildlife Refuge Transition/ Technical Assistance'' (December 15, 2001) (IA). (This interagency agreement includes work by FWS necessary to effect the transfer of certain Rocky Flats lands to Interior for establishment of the Refuge, including mutually agreed technical services to facilitate that transfer). VI. Covered Substances and Response A. Responsibilities of DOE 1. As between the Parties and subject to section 3180(b) of the Act, with respect to the Transferred Property and to Retained Property, DOE shall have sole and exclusive Federal responsibility to fund and implement any Response Action (including operation and maintenance and Land Use Controls) required by applicable law or implementing regulations, including but not limited to CERCLA, RCRA, and CHWA, to address Covered Substances resulting from the activities of DOE (including entities acting with permission or under the authority of or in a contractual relationship with DOE) or which are present at the time of transfer by DOE to Interior (including contamination that is subsequently discovered), except to the extent that Interior or a third party caused or contributed to such contamination after the date of transfer. 2. In carrying out Response Actions at Rocky Flats, DOE will consult with FWS to ensure that Response Actions are carried out in a manner consistent with refuge purposes as specified in the Act. Selected Response Actions at Rocky Flats should reflect the intended future land use as a wildlife refuge for Response Action decisions where FWS recommendations are not implemented by DOE. DOE shall provide a written explanation for its decisions to FWS. 3. In administering the property to be retained by DOE under section 3175(d) of the Act, DOE shall consult with FWS to minimize any conflict between administration of the retained land by DOE for purposes relating to Response Actions and administration of the land transferred under section 3175(a) to FWS for refuge purposes. The Parties shall strive to meet the needs of managing the transferred lands for refuge purposes and managing the retained lands to meet Response Action objectives. In the case of any conflict between administering the retained lands for Response Actions and administering the transferred lands for refuge purposes which cannot be resolved through dispute resolution, administration of the retained lands for Response Actions shall take priority. 4. DOE will complete a risk assessment that will include a comprehensive ecological risk assessment for Rocky Flats. 5. DOE will evaluate the effects of remedial alternatives on natural resource restoration and incorporate into Response Actions restoration of natural resources injured by Covered Substances or Response Actions, including associated waste management structures, as appropriate. 6. In consultation with Interior, DOE will conduct periodic remedy reviews and take any necessary actions in accordance with CERCLA section 121 (c) and the RFCA for which DOE is responsible under this MOU and applicable law, to ensure that the selected remedy is still protective of human health and the environment. Such reviews may result in DOE conducting additional Response Actions, including removing or modifying Land Use Controls. DOE will conduct additional Response Actions as appropriate if the remedy fails or if new contamination is discovered that is not addressed by an existing remedy. 7. Pursuant to section 3175(a)(3) of the Act, DOE will request the Certificate of Completion from EPA. B. Interior Responsibilities 1. Interior will manage the Refuge in accordance with applicable law, including but not limited to, the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966, as amended. 2. Interior will provide technical assistance to DOE to help coordinate Response Actions with the stated purposes of the Refuge, by reviewing and commenting on the impacts, if any, of proposed Response Actions on the future use of Rocky Flats as a unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System. 3. Interior will complete a Level III Contaminants Survey of Rocky Flats pursuant to Interior Departmental Manual Part 602, Chapter 2. 4. Interior will prepare the Comprehensive Conservation Plan for management of the Refuge pursuant to section 3178 of the Act. 5. Interior will be responsible for managing the Refuge for the purposes specified in the Act and in accordance with the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act. Interior shall not be responsible for any operations and maintenance related to Response Actions following the establishment of the Refuge. 6. Interior shall record any Land Use Controls, as documented in Land Use Control Records, on the FWS's Land Status Map for Rocky Flats, or other appropriate Interior land status map. [[Page 14455]] 7. Following the transfer of administrative jurisdiction, FWS will provide DOE with access to the Refuge as may be reasonably required to carry out the provisions of this MOU and DOE's obligations under applicable requirements. Prior to entry, except in cases of emergency, DOE will provide FWS with reasonable notice, to allow coordination between Response Actions and Refuge management activities. 8. Interior will provide information to DOE for the preparation of the annual report on funding required by section 3182 of the Act and will submit the report to Congress jointly with DOE. C. Discovery of Additional Covered Substances 1. If Interior discovers additional Covered Substances for which DOE is responsible on the Transferred Property, or otherwise identifies a previously unidentified condition associated with such Covered Substances that may require a Response Action, it will notify DOE of such Covered Substances or condition as soon as reasonably possible after such discovery. 2. After DOE receives notice from Interior, any regulatory agency or other third party, of the presence of Covered Substances for which DOE is responsible, DOE will provide a written status report to Interior as soon as practical, but in no event later than 30 days after Interior's notification of additional Covered Substances in accordance with section VI, paragraph C.1 of this MOU, for which DOE is responsible. 3. Under certain circumstances, Interior may discover Covered Substances that require an emergency response because they pose a risk to human health or the environment. Interior may take whatever action is necessary to isolate and prevent access to the contaminated site for purposes of protecting human health or the environment. Before taking further action, Interior will provide further notice to DOE, which, in consultation with Interior, will determine whether further Response Actions are required and how such Response Actions will be accomplished. 4. If Interior incurs response costs associated with Covered Substances for which DOE is responsible under this MOU, DOE will reimburse Interior for reasonable and legally authorized costs incurred by Interior. Interior requests for reimbursement will be in writing and will include appropriate receipts or other documentation. DOE will review such requests and upon approval, DOE will reimburse Interior subject to availability of appropriated funds. DOE will use its best efforts to secure appropriations to fulfill its obligations under this MOU. VII. Retained DOE Property A. The Parties anticipate that some contaminated areas of the site over which the Act requires DOE to retain administrative jurisdiction for a Response Action may have natural resource values. FWS may decide it wants to manage all or portions of DOE Retained Property as an Overlay Refuge subject to DOE's agreement and the continued jurisdiction, custody, and control of the land by DOE. Any agreement to manage Retained Property as an Overlay Refuge will be memorialized in a subsequent agreement. B. To the extent permitted by law, Retained Property should be managed for the purposes identified at section 3177(e)(2) of the Act. C. In those instances where FWS is managing Retained Property as an Overlay Refuge, FWS will not take actions contrary to any land use restrictions pursuant to CERCLA and/or any other Federal or State environmental law. Prior to engaging in any action that may disturb the surface soils of or any structure or engineered facility located on such lands, FWS will seek and obtain DOE approval prior to implementing any ground disturbing activity. D. DOE shall retain sole and exclusive authority and responsibility to fund and maintain all necessary physical security prior to completion of Response Actions. E. DOE and FWS will periodically review FWS activities on Retained Property to ensure that they are consistent with Response Actions. At a minimum, this review will begin not later than one year following the establishment of the Overlay Refuge and will recur annually in the month of the anniversary of the Overlay Refuge. VIII. Existing Private Property Rights A. The Act requires that the final MOU address the impacts that any mineral rights may have on the management of the Refuge, and provide strategies for resolving or mitigating these impacts. A substantial portion of the mineral estate associated with lands at Rocky Flats is privately owned. The Parties recognize that the exercise of certain existing privately-owned mineral rights, particularly surface mining of gravel and other aggregate material, at Rocky Flats will have an adverse impact on the management of the Refuge. Interior does not believe it can manage the Refuge for meeting the purposes of section 3177(e)(2) if those mineral rights are exercised. Accordingly, Interior will not accept transfer of administrative jurisdiction for lands subject to the mining of gravel and other aggregate material at Rocky Flats from DOE until the DOI determines that the affected mineral rights are adequately protected from development. The Parties are continuing to discuss this issue, and recognize that the Final MOU will need to address strategies for resolving or mitigating the impacts of surface mining on the Refuge. B. Water rights, water easements, and utility rights-of-way are not anticipated to interfere with managing the Refuge for its intended purposes. IX. Identification of Lands To Be Transferred A. As of the date of this MOU, Response Action decisions, land use planning decisions and title review of the mineral estate have not been completed. Such decisions and title review must be completed prior to Interior and DOE determining which lands will be administratively transferred to Interior. Accordingly, the Parties intend to modify this MOU in the future to identify the lands to be transferred as necessary in order to implement section 3175 of the Act. B. DOE will retain administrative jurisdiction, authority, and control over real property and facilities at Rocky Flats used for or related to a Response Action and subject to Section VII of this MOU. For purposes of this paragraph, real property and facilities include caps, barrier walls, fences, and monitoring or treatment wells and other engineered structures as well as real property or other facilities that DOE must retain to implement Response Actions in accordance with appropriate requirements. C. The Parties anticipate that the administrative jurisdiction over most of Rocky Flats may be transferred from DOE to Interior. It is also anticipated that most of the industrial area, as identified on Attachment B as Retained Property, may not be transferred to Interior. D. As required by section 3175(d)(2) of the Act, following completion of the required Response Action decisions and land use planning decisions and subject to Section VIII of this MOU, DOE will consult with FWS, the Administrator of EPA, and the Governor of the State of Colorado, on the identification of all real property and facilities to be retained. E. DOE shall prepare an exact acreage and legal description of the land that [[Page 14456]] will become the Refuge, based on a survey that is mutually satisfactory to the Parties. As part of the transfer, DOE will notify the General Services Administration (GSA) of the transfer and revise the DOE Real Property records accordingly and any other DOE records used for reporting to the GSA. When reporting to GSA, DOE will maintain the Rocky Flats facility identification name and numbers as long as needed, and Interior will apply for its own facility identification name and number for the Refuge when administrative jurisdiction is transferred to Interior. F. DOE will collect all applicable real estate records, maps, and electronic data associated with the acquisition, land management, and any disposals of the Refuge real estate and related property. DOE will transfer this information to Interior. G. Until the transfer of administrative jurisdiction is completed, DOE will continue to operate and maintain all U.S. Government property and facilities at Rocky Flats, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by the Parties. X. Buildings and Other Improvements Under section 3175(c) of the Act, Interior may request the transfer of buildings and other improvements for the purposes of managing the Refuge. Interior agrees that DOE's need to retain, demolish, or otherwise dispose of certain facilities will take priority over requests for transfer to Interior. XI. DOE Funded Activities A. DOE will provide funding to Interior for activities necessary for the transition of Rocky Flats to its future use as a Refuge. Those activities include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. Implementation of this MOU. 2. Preparation of the Comprehensive Conservation Plan for the Refuge. 3. Interior Level III Contaminants Survey and other environmental monitoring required for the transfer, and ecological investigations necessary for the transfer. 4. Interior review and comment on cleanup plans and documents and consultation on remedy selection. 5. Real estate related work necessary to effect the transfer of jurisdiction pursuant to applicable Federal law and regulations. 6. This MOU shall not be used to obligate or commit funds or as the basis for the transfer of funds. The details of the levels of support to be furnished to one organization by the other with respect to funding will be developed in specific interagency agreements or other agreements. While reimbursement will be subject to the availability of funds, DOE agrees that funding under this MOU will receive priority consideration over other expenditures because of the importance of this MOU enabling DOE to complete its accelerated cleanup and closure of Rocky Flats and agrees to seek funds from Congress to satisfy its responsibilities under this MOU in the event that funds are insufficient. B. Procedures for DOE funding of Interior activities pursuant to this MOU follow: 1. With respect to Interior activities that DOE funds in accordance with this MOU, under the Act, Interior will annually provide an estimate of its funding needs to DOE for the following fiscal year by October 31 of each year that this MOU remains in effect. 2. No funds are authorized to be transferred between the Parties by this MOU. Subject to requirements of the Anti-Deficiency Act, the Economy Act, and other applicable requirements, transfer of funds from DOE to Interior will be made on an annual basis as agreed upon in an annual or multi-year Interagency Agreement or Cooperative Agreement between DOE and Interior. Interior will maintain financial records to support periodic DOE audits of expenses in such detail and as often as deemed necessary by the DOE. 3. In accordance with section 3175(f) of the Act, the Parties acknowledge that funds will not be taken from Rocky Flats closure project funds either to implement the Act or to effect the transition of the site to National Wildlife Refuge status. 4. The Parties will comply with the requirements of section 3182 of the Act regarding an annual joint report to Congress on costs incurred to implement the Act in the prior fiscal year, as well as funds required for implementation in the current and subsequent fiscal years. The Parties agree to report costs incurred and future funding needs to the Congressional Committees responsible for DOE appropriations. DOE will draft, for joint DOE and Interior submission, annual reports to Congress on the cost of implementation of the Act pursuant to section 3182 of the Act. C. The Parties agree to use their best efforts to work cooperatively to minimize the overall cost of the transition and transfer of administrative jurisdiction hereunder. Examples of these efforts could include use of existing environmental and ecological data, data that DOE already plans to collect to support the cleanup and closure of Rocky Flats, coordinated closure project planning, and the potential to share staff. XII. Tort Claims DOE shall process and adjudicate all administrative claims and defend all litigation asserted under the Federal Tort Claims Act that arise from any activity of DOE with respect to Rocky Flats or any Covered Substance for which DOE is responsible under this MOU. Interior shall process and adjudicate all administrative claims and defend all litigation asserted under the Federal Tort Claims Act that are not the responsibility of DOE. Each Party shall cooperate and assist the other in providing information relating to any such claims. XIII. Enforcement Actions As between the Parties, to the extent authorized by law and consistent with this MOU, DOE is responsible for responding to any administrative or legal actions brought to enforce the requirements of applicable laws or regulations concerning Covered Substances for which DOE has retained responsibility. XIV. Delegation of Authority A. Each Party will appoint a Manager who will be responsible for overseeing the work performed under this MOU. Managers will have the responsibility to implement this MOU. Either Manager should be available to meet on site at least monthly as requested by the other Manager. B. The Manager for Interior will be the Refuge Project Leader appointed to oversee the Refuge and will serve as DOE's single point of contact for all activities at Rocky Flats and consultation requirements under section 7 of the Endangered Species Act. C. The Manager for DOE will be designated in writing by the Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management within 30 days following execution of this MOU. D. Any actions of the Managers that involve funding to implement this MOU will require DOE Headquarters review. XV. Dispute Resolution A. Interior and DOE Managers shall make a good faith effort to resolve all disputes concerning the implementation of this MOU, including planning, management activities, and the transfer of property and facilities from DOE to FWS. If any such dispute cannot be resolved informally at the Manager level, Dispute Resolution may be initiated pursuant to this section. B. To initiate Dispute Resolution, the disputing Manager shall give to the other Manager a written notice of the dispute and the disputing Party's intent to initiate dispute resolution. The notice [[Page 14457]] shall include a detailed explanation of the dispute. Upon the other Manager's receipt of such notice, that Manager shall have 15 working days to provide to the disputing Party a written answer to the notice and explanation. The notice and answer, including any exhibits thereto, shall be the Record of Dispute. After such 15-day period has expired, the Managers shall make their best efforts to resolve the dispute within 20 working days. C. If the Managers do not resolve the dispute within 20 days, the dispute will be elevated to FWS's Regional Director and DOE's Rocky Flats Manager or successor. Within 30 working days of receiving the Record of Dispute, they shall confer and attempt to resolve the dispute. D. If the Parties do not resolve the dispute within 45 working days, the disputing Party may elevate the dispute to DOE's Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management and the Director of FWS. Within 30 working days of such elevation, the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Environmental Cleanup and Acceleration and the Director shall confer and resolve the dispute. XVI. No Third Party Rights This MOU is intended only to establish the terms and conditions for the transfer of the property described herein, and is not intended to create any right, benefit, or trust responsibility, substantive or procedural, enforceable by any person against the United States, its agencies, or any other person. XVII. Cost Recovery, Contribution or Other Actions Nothing in this MOU is intended to prevent the United States from bringing a cost recovery, contribution, or other action that would otherwise be available under Federal or State law. XVIII. MOU Modification This MOU shall remain in effect for both Parties, subject to modification by mutual agreement, made in writing and signed by both Parties. Department of Energy. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ------ Paul M. Golan, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management. Date:------------------------------------------------------------ ------ Department of the Interior. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ------ Craig Manson, Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks. Date:------------------------------------------------------------ ------ [FR Doc. 05-5597 Filed 3-21-05; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** 66 Tri-City Herald: Fluor Hanford to lay off up to 200 This story was published Tuesday, March 22nd, 2005 By Annette Cary, Herald staff writer Fluor Hanford told employees Monday that it plans to lay off up to 200 workers next month. Fewer workers will be needed because of projects that have been completed, such as the removal of irradiated nuclear fuel from the K Basins, and the contractor continuing to work more efficiently, said Geoff Tyree, spokesman for Fluor Hanford. In addition, Fluor will receive less money from the Department of Energy in the current fiscal year than originally expected, he said. Earlier this month Fluor sent a memo to workers warning them to expect near-term layoffs and also more layoffs during the balance of its contract. Fluor's contract for managing the Hanford site and performing cleanup ends in September 2006. Fluor employs 4,039 people, including subcontractor employees. The layoffs may include not only Fluor employees, but also employees at Day and Zimmermann Protection Technology Hanford, Duratek Federal Services of Hanford and Numatec Hanford Corp. Union and nonunion employees may be included. Fluor is asking for volunteers through March 30. It's offering employees who are laid off a week of salary for every year worked up to 20 years and will pay the company's portion of medical premium for up to a year. Help will be offered to employees looking for new jobs, including coaching on writing resumes and interviewing, according to Fluor. Employees picked for layoffs will be notified April 18, and April 29 will be their last day on the payroll. The list of types of employees who will be considered for the job cuts is lengthy, and includes engineers, mechanics, millwrights, clerks, buyers, instrument technicians and nuclear waste process operators. In 2004, Fluor laid off 60 workers in January and 55 in June. Employees have been worried about larger layoffs since the proposed Hanford budget for fiscal year 2006 was announced last month. It proposes cutting the budget for Hanford from nearly $2.1 billion this year to a little more than $1.8 billion in fiscal year 2006. © 2005 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press &Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************