***************************************************************** 03/02/05 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 13.48 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 Guardian Unlimited: Iran Bans U.N. Nuke Visits on Some Sites 2 BBC: Iran nuclear plans under pressure 3 Guardian Unlimited: U.S.: Iran 'Cynically' Pursuing Nukes 4 Korea Herald: Ban says N.K. may get U.S. direct talks in 6-way frame 5 YWS: China's Top Nuclear Negotiator in Seoul to Discuss 'Fresh Chang 6 YWS: N. Korea Will Be Granted Direct Talks with U.S. - FM 7 YWS: Written Guarantees Key to Ending N.K. Nuke Dispute - Russian En 8 Korea: Digital Chosunilbo: N.Korea's Fresh Nuke Declaration 'Rhetori 9 Korea Times: NK Demands ' Better Atmosphere' for Talks 10 Guardian Unlimited: North Korea Threatens to Test Missiles 11 US: [smygo] Nuclear Terror at Home 12 Guardian Unlimited: UK must 'invest or risk power cuts' NUCLEAR REACTORS 13 UN Forecasts Growth In Nuclear Energy Industry 14 US: TMI tagged with 6 safety violations 15 US: Day-care sites near TMI say they lack plan for evacuation 16 US: Telegraph Online: Seabrook gets OK to boost power output 17 US: StarNewsOnline.com: Mecklenburg commissioners agree to incentive 18 US: Lincoln County News: Prospects for Maine 19 US: TheDay.com: NRC Denies Anti-nuke Coalition's Request To Extend M 20 US: NRC: Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collecti NUCLEAR SAFETY 21 [DU-WATCH] the doctor the depleted uranium and the dying 22 US: [DU-WATCH] study of DU Effects called for 23 [DU-WATCH] The poisons of war 24 US: [RADFOOD] Get the Scoop 25 [du-list] Is NATO guilty of a war crime? 26 Bellona: Ukraine catch man at airport with uranium 27 US: Sarasota Herald-Tribune: Persistence pays off 28 US: Newsday: NUCLEAR MEDICINE FUNDS TO DISAPPEAR UNDER PLAN 29 AU ABC: Veterans mount legal challenge over atomic testing legacy 30 AU ABC: Veterans widow fights Govt for compensation 31 US: Rocky Mountain News: Sick workers seek answers 32 ITAR-TASS: Duma ratifies Vienna convention on liability for nuclear 33 US: DenverPost.com: Energy workers get aid faster NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 34 US: Uranium Tailings Threaten Colorado River 35 US: deseret news: Moab tailings could wash into Colorado River 36 US: Bradenton Herald: Phosphates may need exit strategy 37 US: ens: Science Panel: Some High-Level Nuclear Waste Should Stay Pu 38 Las Vegas RJ: Agency pursues additional water 39 US: Las Vegas RJ: DOE urged to revamp plans for disposal of nuclear 40 US: American Online: WCS can take more waste 41 US: AU ABC: Debate flares over SA uranium mining 42 Pahrump Valley Times: Inyo residents leery of transports 43 Las Vegas SUN: Some 'high-level' nuke waste may not deserve rating NUCLEAR WEAPONS 44 US: 51 Years of Nuclear Testing Fallibility. Bravo? 45 Japan Times: Putting a lid on proliferation US DEPT. OF ENERGY 46 New Mexican: LANL agrees to clean up waste 47 North County Times: DOE, state sign cleanup agreement for Los Alamos 48 Times-News Online: INL could see more waste ... 49 lamonitor.com: Lab cleanup begins age of consent 50 Daily News: Scientists urge feds to keep sending waste to Hanford 51 Pahrump Valley Times: Test Site contract up for bid again OTHER NUCLEAR 52 Mos News: Russia Suggests International Nuclear Project to Conquer O ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Guardian Unlimited: Iran Bans U.N. Nuke Visits on Some Sites From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday March 2, 2005 8:46 PM AP Photo VIE127 By GEORGE JAHN Associated Press Writer VIENNA, Austria (AP) - Declaring some sites off-limits to U.N. inspectors, Iran said Wednesday it fears that leaked information gathered by them could help those planning a possible strike on its military installations. Meanwhile, the United States, which has not ruled out such an attack on Iran urged the U.N. Security Council to take action against Tehran, saying the Islamic Republic is ``cynically'' pursuing nuclear arms while hiding its intentions from the world - an allegation Iran denies. Jackie Sanders, chief U.S. delegate to the board of the International Atomic Energy Agency, the U.N nuclear watchdog, made the comments in response to an update on Iran's nuclear record after more than two years of examination by the agency. Sanders called the IAEA report a ``startling list of Iranian attempts to hide and mislead and delay the work'' of agency experts, and urged other countries to support a U.S. drive to have Iran referred to the U.N. Security Council for possible sanctions - which past board meetings have refused to do. Iran's refusal to grant IAEA inspectors renewed access to the Parchin military site after an initial, severely restricted visit last month was one of the issues raised by the agency's review. The United States says Iran may be testing high-explosive components for nuclear weapons, using an inert core of depleted uranium at Parchin as a dry run for a bomb that would use fissile material. The IAEA says it has found no firm evidence that Iran's nuclear program is intended for anything other than peacefully generating electricity. The agency also has not been able to support U.S. assertions that nearly 20 years of covert nuclear programs discovered more than two years ago were aimed at making nuclear weapons. Iran says these programs, too, were intended to generate electricity. Iranian chief delegate Sirous Nasseri, noted Wednesday that his country was not obligated to allow any access to sites like Parchin, which are not part of the agency's purview. Worries about ``confidentiality of information'' gathered on such visits ``are more intense in view of potential threats of military strikes against ... facilities visited by (the) agency,'' he said. While describing fears that America was getting ready for an attack as ``ridiculous,'' President Bush has refused to rule it out completely as a long-term possibility, saying last week that ``all options are on the table.'' The IAEA review also focused on Iran's decision to block any further probing of possible dual use equipment at the Lavizan-Shian site near Tehran - a move that effectively shut down one area of the agency's inquiry. The U.S. State Department last year said Lavizan-Shian's buildings had been completely dismantled and topsoil had been removed from the site in attempts to hide nuclear-weapons related experiments. The review also noted that Iran continues to build a heavy water reactor in the city of Arak that can produce plutonium, despite agency requests to cease construction on the facility. It also mentioned delays by Iran in informing the agency that it was building tunnels in the central city of Isfahan for nuclear storage, and blips in its commitment to totally freeze all activities related to uranium enrichment. Iran has suspended work on its enrichment program pending negotiations with France, Germany and Britain. But it has repeatedly said the freeze is short-term, despite hopes that it will fully scrap its plans. ``This is something that is not on the table and will not be on the table,'' Nasseri told reporters, saying his country had ``gone through blood and sweat and tears'' to develop the enrichment program. --- On the Net: http://www.iaea.org Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 2 BBC: Iran nuclear plans under pressure Last Updated: Wednesday, 2 March, 2005 [Iranian nuclear facility] The IAEA wants Iran to be more open to inspections Iran is facing concerted demands by the international community to be more transparent over its nuclear ambitions. European countries and the UN joined the US in criticising Iran for allegedly not keeping a pledge to suspend uranium enrichment activities. UN atomic energy agency chief Mohamed ElBaradei said the "ball is very much in Iran's court to come clean". The US accuses Iran of cynically pursuing nuclear weapons, but Tehran insists its programme is peaceful. The enrichment process can be used for nuclear power plants or nuclear weapons. The IAEA is still not able provide assurances that Iran is not pursuing clandestine activities at undeclared locations Jackie Sanders US IAEA ambassador Q: Iran's nuclear stand-off The demands come a day after the UN's International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) presented a report on Iran's nuclear record to a meeting of member countries. The agency highlighted Iran's refusal to allow nuclear inspectors to revisit a key military complex, at Parchin. But Iran's chief delegate, Sirous Nasseri, responded saying concerns about information gathered at such inspections being leaked were "more intense in view of potential threats of military strikes". Mr Nasseri was referring to speculation that Washington may be planning attacks on Iranian nuclear sites. Iran was not obliged to allow inspectors access to sites such as Parchin, he noted. 'More transparency' Mr ElBaradei said it was now up to Tehran to dispel doubts about its programme "through absolute transparency measures and co-operation with the [IAEA]". "If I say there are three more important things Iran needs to do, I should say transparency, transparency and more transparency," he said. France, the UK and Germany, the three European countries who are leading negotiations with Tehran on the issue, expressed concern about Iran's recent cleaning and quality control work on centrifuge parts. Robert Wright, heading the UK delegation to the IAEA meeting, urged Iran to keep its pledge to suspend activities linked to uranium enrichment. "We understand this decision as a voluntary commitment to suspend all, meaning each and every, enrichment-related activities. We urge Iran to keep to this voluntary commitment," he said. The US ambassador at the IAEA, Jackie Sanders, said Tuesday's report provided a "startling list" of Iranian attempts to hide and mislead. "The IAEA is still not able to provide assurances that Iran is not pursuing clandestine activities at undeclared locations," she said. The agency could not ignore its statutory obligation to report Iran to the UN Security Council, she added. Economic incentives But the BBC's Bethany Bell in Vienna says such a move is highly unlikely at present. It would seriously undermine diplomatic efforts to persuade Iran to give up its enrichment programme, she says. France, the UK and Germany are trying to persuade Iran to make its freeze on enrichment permanent, in exchange for trade and technology benefits. The US has also said it is considering offering economic incentives to Iran in exchange for it abandoning plans to develop a nuclear weapon. ***************************************************************** 3 Guardian Unlimited: U.S.: Iran 'Cynically' Pursuing Nukes From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday March 2, 2005 11:01 AM AP Photo VIE106 By ANDREA DUDIKOVA Associated Press Writer VIENNA, Austria (AP) - The United States accused Iran on Wednesday of ``cynically'' pursuing nuclear weapons, saying Tehran's claims that its aims are peaceful constitute willful deceit of the world. The comments by Jackie Sanders, chief U.S. delegate to the International Atomic Energy Agency board of governors, were in response to an IAEA update on Iran's nuclear record after more than two years of examination by the agency. Sanders characterized Tuesday's IAEA report as a ``startling list of Iranian attempts to hide and mislead and delay the work'' of agency experts probing the country's nuclear activities. ``The IAEA is still not able to provide assurances that Iran is not pursuing clandestine activities at undeclared locations,'' Sanders said. Tehran, she said, was guilty of ``cynically'' manipulating the Nonproliferation Treaty and related programs ``in the pursuit of nuclear weapons.'' The IAEA review noted that while Iran allowed inspectors an initial visit to the Parchin military complex in mid-January, the experts' visits were limited to one site and only five buildings on that site. A new request to revisit another part of the site was refused by Iran on Sunday, he added. The United States alleges Iran may be testing high-explosive components for nuclear weapons by using an inert core of depleted uranium at Parchin as a dry run for a bomb that would use fissile material. Iran asserts its military is not involved in nuclear activities, and the IAEA has found no firm evidence to the contrary. The agency also has not been able to support U.S. assertions that nearly two decades of covert nuclear programs discovered more than two years ago were aimed at making nuclear weapons - not generating electricity, as Tehran claims. A separate Iranian decision outlined in the review - to block any further probing of possible dual use equipment at the Lavizan-Shian site near Tehran - appeared particularly galling to the IAEA because it effectively shut down one area of the agency's inquiry. The State Department last year said Lavizan-Shian's buildings had been completely dismantled and that top soil had been removed from the site in attempts to hide nuclear weapons-related experiments. The review also revealed that Iran continues to build a heavy water reactor in the city of Arak that can produce plutonium despite agency requests to cease construction on the facility. It also noted delays by Iran in informing the agency that it was building tunnels in the central city of Isfahan for nuclear storage and blips in its commitment to totally freeze all activities related to uranium enrichment. Iran has suspended work on its enrichment program pending negotiations with France, Germany and Britain. But it has repeatedly said the freeze is short-term, despite hopes that it will fully scrap its plans. Sanders said Wednesday that nothing short of ``full cessation and dismantling'' of enrichment activities ``can give us any confidence'' Iran is no longer producing nuclear weapons. But Iran insists on its right to enrichment. ``This is something that is not on the table and will not be on the table,'' senior Iranian envoy Sirius Nasseri told reporters, saying his country had ``gone through blood and sweat and tears'' to develop the program. A separate statement by the three European nations engaging Iran expressed ``serious concern'' at some of the developments outlined by the report. North Korea also was on the agenda Wednesday of the agency's 35-nation board. Delegates were trying to find common language on a statement that urges the North to return to negotiations and end nuclear threats that is firm without further alienating the reclusive country. Stepping up their efforts to get the North back to the table, Chinese Deputy Foreign Minister Wu Dawei met Wednesday in Seoul with South Korean Foreign Minister Ban Ki-Moon. The United States and South Korea have urged China to play a more active role in persuading North Korea to return to the six-party talks, which also include Russia and Japan. Those efforts gained urgency after the North's unconfirmed claim on Feb. 10 that it has built nuclear weapons. The United States is scheduling a trip by Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice late this month to Northeast Asian countries, including South Korea, as part of efforts to revive the nuclear talks, Ban told reporters. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 4 Korea Herald: Ban says N.K. may get U.S. direct talks in 6-way frame 2005.03.03 By Choi Soung-ah and news reports Foreign Minister Ban Ki-moon said yesterday he feels North Korea will be granted its bid for direct discussions with the United States within the framework of the six-party nuclear disarmament talks once it returns to the negotiating table. He also said U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice plans to visit Northeast Asia, including South Korea, later this month for further discussions on North Korea. Details have yet to be worked out and will be announced by Washington once finalized. Ban told his weekly news conference that North Korea is an "equal partner" in the six-party framework and it needs to lay out its position clearly to other participants. "And, in light of Chairman Kim Jong-il's statement that he has expectations for direct talks with the United States within the six-party process, I believe his request will be granted within the framework," he added. The communist country last week put forth a list of "unspecified conditions" for its return to the talks, easing away from its Feb. 10 declaration that it possesses nuclear weapons and will indefinitely boycott the discussions. Ban met China's top nuclear negotiator Wu Dawei yesterday afternoon shortly after he arrived here for a three-day trip. Immediately following the meeting with Ban, Wu held separate talks with his South Korean counterpart Song Min-soon and Vice Foreign Minister Lee Tae-sik. "The two of you spoke on the phone a few days ago and discussed the pending issue at hand. New changes are arising in the situation and Minister Li Zhaoxing sent me here to exchange views with South Korean officials," Wu told Ban. In the meetings with Seoul officials, Wu clarified some of the misunderstandings that have been delivered through the media that North Korea listed preconditions to returning to the discussion table, according to a senior Foreign Ministry official. The official also said both South Korea and China shared the view that North Korea did not intentionally list a condition to return to the talks. "They (the North) are asking for an 'atmosphere' warm enough to return to the talks, not a specific condition," the official said. The Chinese envoy is scheduled to meet U.S. Ambassador Christopher Hill, newly named head of the American nuclear negotiating team this morning, followed by talks with Unification Minister Chung Dong-young who also heads the country's National Security Council, and Lee Jong-seok, deputy head of the NSC. Wu's trip is the latest in a series of multilateral efforts to get the Kim Jong-il government back to the six-nation talks. On Saturday, the chief nuclear negotiators of Seoul, Washington and Tokyo met here to discuss the North's latest stance. Details to that meeting have yet to be disclosed but the officials said afterwards they are willing to discuss whatever concerns the North may have once it returns to the talks. Ban said his deputy, Song Min-soon, plans to visit Russia next week for talks about North Korea. Russia is the other nation in the six-way talks, along with the United States, the Koreas, China and Japan. The signals that the North will soon return to the talks were reinforced by the White House on Tuesday when spokesman Scott McClellan told a news briefing, "North Korea has recently indicated that they want to come back to the talks, and we hope they do so at an early date... ." If the talks resume, McClellan said, all parties concerned can express their opinions on the basis of what was proposed at the third round of negotiations in Beijing in June. A fourth round scheduled for September was canceled when North Korea refused to attend, citing U.S. hostility. McClellan did not elaborate but North Korean leader Kim Jong-il told visiting Chinese envoy Wang Jiarui last week his country will return to the table under certain conditions. The North's "conditions" are not known but it has openly expressed fear that it might be another target of an Iraqi-style U.S. invasion. At the third round of talks, North Korea demanded a security guarantee and hefty energy and other economic rewards in return for freezing its nuclear weapons program. The United States maintains it will consider the North's demands only when and after the communist country addresses international concerns over its nuclear program. The North's suspicion has been deepened by a series of U.S. actions, including the adoption late last year of a law seeking to improve abysmal human rights conditions in the communist state. The law allows the U.S. government to spend up to $24 million annually during 2005-2008 mainly to help North Koreans fleeing the harsh rule of their communist government. North Korean officials denounce the U.S. law as aimed at overthrowing their regime. (bluelle@heraldm.com) By Choi Soung-ah and news reports 2005.03.03 ***************************************************************** 5 YWS: China's Top Nuclear Negotiator in Seoul to Discuss 'Fresh Changes' YONHAPNEWS WORLD SERVICE::ENGLISH NEWS [http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/] .. 2005/03/02 14:57 KST Foreign Minister Ban Ki-moon(L) meets with Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Wu Dawei SEOUL, March 2 (Yonhap) -- China's top negotiator on the North Korean nuclear issue said Wednesday that he has come to Seoul to discuss "fresh changes" in the nuclear standoff. Vice Foreign Minister Wu Dawei, who arrived for a three-day trip earlier in the day, made the remarks at the beginning of his meeting with Seoul's Foreign Minister Ban Ki-moon. ***************************************************************** 6 YWS: N. Korea Will Be Granted Direct Talks with U.S. - FM YONHAPNEWS WORLD SERVICE::ENGLISH NEWS [http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/] .. 2005/03/02 12:14 KST SEOUL, March 2 (Yonhap) -- North Korea will be granted one-on-one negotiations with the United States if it returns to the six-party talks on its nuclear program, South Korea's foreign minister said Wednesday. "In light of North Korean leader Kim Jong-il's remarks that he expects direct talks with the U.S. within the six-party framework, I think such concerns and demands by the North will well be accepted," Ban Ki-moon said during his weekly press briefing. ***************************************************************** 7 YWS: Written Guarantees Key to Ending N.K. Nuke Dispute - Russian Envoy YONHAPNEWS WORLD SERVICE::ENGLISH NEWS [http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/] .. 2005/03/03 10:19 KST By Kim Hyun SEOUL, March 3 (Yonhap) -- In line with North Korea's position on resuming the six-party talks over its nuclear ambitions, Russia believes the participants should provide a written statement, not just a verbal one, to guarantee security and economic aid for the North, the Russian envoy in Seoul said Wednesday. "We'll urge North Korea to return by saying that we'll be doing our best, as a result of the six-party talks, to have an international agreement, not orally, not even by high-ranking officials or the American president, but also a written form by the government of the United States," Teymuraz Ramishvili said in an interview with Yonhap News Agency. ***************************************************************** 8 Korea: Digital Chosunilbo: N.Korea's Fresh Nuke Declaration 'Rhetoric' - White House Updated Mar.2,2005 20:44 KST that North Korean leader Kim Jong-il told an official Chinese visitor that Pyongyang has nuclear weapons, saying such remarks were "a lot of rhetoric." "We hear a lot of rhetoric coming out of North Korea from time to time, and what our focus is on is working with the other parties to the six-party talks to get North Korea to come back to the table and talk about the way forward on the proposal that we outlined on the last round of talks," While House spokesman Scott McClellan told reporters. The Japanese Kyodo news agency reported Tuesday Kim told visiting Chinese dignitary Wang Jiarui last week his country had nuclear arms for self-defense. McClellan also said North Korea had recently expressed willingness to come back to the talks on its nuclear weapons program, and urged the Stalinist country to follow words with action at an early date. (Heo Yong-beom, heo@chosun.com ) ***************************************************************** 9 Korea Times: NK Demands ' Better Atmosphere' for Talks Hankooki.com > The Korea Times By Ryu Jin Staff Reporter North Korea wants a ``better atmosphere¡¯¡¯ rather than any concrete ``conditions¡¯¡¯ for it to return to the six-party talks on its nuclear weapons program, a senior official said Wednesday. South Korea and China shared the understanding about what the North really wants during a meeting between their top negotiators, the official told reporters. ``The two countries understand that North Korea is talking about an `atmosphere¡¯ rather than `preconditions,¡¯¡¯¡¯ the official, deeply involved in the nuclear issue, said on condition of anonymity. China¡¯s Vice Foreign Minister Wu Dawei, who arrived in Seoul earlier in the day, held talks with South Korean officials including Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Ban Ki-moon and his counterpart, Deputy Foreign Minister Song Min-soon. ``The talk mostly focused on the outcome of Wang Jiarui¡¯s recent Pyongyang trip, during which the Chinese envoy listened to North Korean leader Kim Jong-il,¡¯¡¯ the official said during a media briefing after the talks between Wu and Song. During a meeting with Minister Ban, Wu said he had come to Seoul to discuss ``fresh changes¡¯¡¯ in the nuclear standoff. ``A few days ago, you exchanged views by phone,¡¯¡¯ Wu said, referring to Ban¡¯s talk with his Chinese counterpart, Li Zhaoxing, on Monday. ``Because of new situations arising, Minister Li sent me to discuss them with officials here.¡¯¡¯ Kim Jong-il was said to have told Wang that his country would go to the discussion table once certain ``conditions¡¯¡¯ were met and many news media interpreted that the North wants a security guarantee from the United States rather than material rewards. Just before Wu¡¯s arrival in Seoul, Ban said in a weekly media briefing that North Korea would be granted more opportunities for talks with the U.S. once it returns to the multilateral dialogue format. He added that the three countries had reached a consensus on the approach. ``The North should come back to the negotiation table immediately so that all the issues it is concerned about can be discussed there,¡¯¡¯ he said. In Washington, the White House said North Korea has hinted that it would rejoin the stalled six-way talks sometime in the future. ``North Korea has recently indicated that they want to come back to the talks, and we hope they do so at an early date,¡¯¡¯ White House spokesman Scott McClellan said in a news briefing. An official at Seoul¡¯s Foreign Ministry said McClellan¡¯s remarks might have come based on a similar understanding, shared by South Korea and China. Wu, who will stay here till tomorrow will hold talks with his U.S. counterpart, Ambassador to Seoul Christopher Hill, who has recently been assigned to take charge of Asian affairs. With diplomatic efforts in full swing, Minister Ban said he would send Song, Seoul¡¯s chief delegate, to Moscow next week to seek a closer cooperation with Russia. He also said U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice is planning to visit South Korea and other Northeast Asian nations later this month for talks on North Korea. North Korea and the U.S., along with South Korea, China, Japan and Russia, have met three times to try to resolve the nuclear dispute, but little progress has been made. Pyongyang boycotted a fourth round, citing Washington¡¯s ``hostile¡¯¡¯ policy. North Korea and the U.S. held negotiations for three times from August 2003 to June 2004 along with South Korea, China, Japan and Russia. But no clear breakthrough has been found yet to resolve the 28-month-long nuclear standoff. Citing the U.S. ``hostile¡¯¡¯ policies, which they argue is aimed at toppling the Kim Jong-il regime, North Korea has refused to hold a fourth round of talks. In a surprise announcement on Feb. 10, the North claimed it already possesses nuclear weapons. Most officials and experts view Kim¡¯s remarks, made at his meeting with the Chinese envoy about two weeks after the announcement, as an indication that his country would eventually come back to the disarmament talks sometime in the near future. But others predict it will take some more time for North Korea to return to the bargaining table as it has not yet listened to the U.S., which has so far avoided giving the North the three words it yearns for: no hostile intent. The U.S. put dictators and corrupt officials on notice on Monday, using its annual report on global human rights practices to focus the spotlight on the continuing abuses in Cuba, China, North Korea and Myanmar. Senior U.S. officials, presenting the 2004 report, once again emphasized the theme of advancing democracy and freedom that was struck by President George W. Bush in his second inaugural address and State of the Union speech. jinryu@koreatimes.co.kr 03-02-2005 22:53 ***************************************************************** 10 Guardian Unlimited: North Korea Threatens to Test Missiles From the Associated Press [UP] Wednesday March 2, 2005 8:46 PM By SANG-HUN CHOE Associated Press Writer SEOUL, South Korea (AP) - North Korea demanded Wednesday that the United States apologize for designating the communist state as an ``outpost of tyranny'' and it threatened to resume long-range missile tests. However, the North also held out the possibility of returning to nuclear disarmament talks if Washington agrees to coexist with the communist country. North Korea declared on Feb. 10 that it had nuclear weapons and was boycotting six-nation talks aimed at ending its nuclear ambitions. At the time, it cited Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice's designation of North Korea as one of the ``outposts of tyranny,'' during her Senate confirmation in January. The North said that statement, which it attributed to President Bush, was evidence that Washington has not abandoned its ``hostile'' policy toward North Korea since the U.S. leader lumped it in an ``axis of evil'' with Iran and prewar Iraq. ``The U.S. should apologize for his above-said remarks and withdraw them, renounce its hostile policy aimed at a regime change in the DPRK and clarify its political willingness to coexist with the DPRK in peace and show it in practice,'' the North Korean Foreign Ministry said in a memorandum, using the acronym of the country's formal name - Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The memorandum - which was summarized in an English-language dispatch by the North's official news agency, KCNA - said North Korea ``will go to the talks any time if the U.S. takes a trustworthy sincere attitude and moves to provide conditions and justification for the resumption of the six-party talks.'' The original Korean-language statement also said North Korea no longer felt bound by its 1999 moratorium on missile tests, according to South Korea's Yonhap news agency. North Korea announced its missile moratorium in September 1999 while it was negotiating nonproliferation terms with the administration of then-President Clinton. ``Dialogue between the United States and North Korea has been completely blocked since Bush took office in 2001,'' Yonhap quoted the memorandum as saying. ``As a result, we see no binding force on the missile moratorium.'' The North's vigorous missile development has unsettled its neighbors. The U.S. military in South Korea has begun deploying Patriot missiles, which are designed to intercept incoming missiles. In 2003, Japan launched its first spy satellites in a multibillion dollar program aimed at monitoring North Korea's development of long-range missiles. North Korea shocked the region in 1998 by test-firing a Taepodong-1 missile over Japan and into the Pacific Ocean. The North said it was an attempt to put a satellite in orbit. Taepodong-1 has a 1,500-mile range, South Korean officials say. North Korea reportedly is conducting engine tests for its Taepodong-2 model that would be capable of reaching the western United States. Earlier Wednesday, Chinese Deputy Foreign Minister Wu Dawei met with South Korean Foreign Minister Ban Ki-moon in Seoul as the two nations stepped up efforts to get North Korea back to the table for nuclear disarmament talks. Since 2003, Beijing has hosted three rounds of six-party negotiations, with little progress. A fourth round scheduled for last September never took place because North Korea refused to attend, citing what it called a ``hostile'' U.S. policy. In previous talks, North Korea has demanded more aid and a nonaggression treaty with Washington in exchange for giving up its nuclear development. The United States, meanwhile, wants the North to dismantle all nuclear facilities immediately. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 11 [smygo] Nuclear Terror at Home Date: Wed, 2 Mar 2005 01:20:17 -0600 (CST) News & Views for Anarchists & Activists: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/smygo Nuclear Terror at Home By Noam Chomsky Foreign Policy in Focus February 26, 2005 http://www.alternet.org/story/21358/ If you can imagine some rational observers from Mars looking at this curious species down here, I don't think they'd put very high odds on survival -- another generation or two. In fact, it's kind of miraculous that we've come along this far. The world has come extremely close to total destruction just in recent years from nuclear war. New Mexico plays an important role in this. There's case after case where a nuclear war was prevented almost by a miracle. And the threat is increasing as a consequence of policies that the administration is very consciously pursuing. U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld understands perfectly well that these policies are increasing the threat of destruction. As you know, it's not a high probability event, but if a low probability event keeps happening over and over, there's a high probability that sooner or later it will take place. If you want to rank issues in terms of significance, there are some issues that are literally issues of survival of the species, and they're imminent. Nuclear war is an issue of species survival, and the threats have been severe for a long time. It's come to the point where you can read in the most sober respectable journals warnings by the leading strategic analysts that the current American posture -- transformation of the military -- is raising the prospect of what they call "ultimate doom" and not very far away. That's because it leads to an action-reaction cycle in which others respond. That leads us to be closer and more reliant on hair-trigger mechanisms, which are massively destructive. Militarization of space could very well doom the species. It's being pushed very hard. That's one issue that really requires major work and that's a huge one in New Mexico. New Mexico is one of the centers where this potential destruction of the species is taking place. There's a document called "The Essentials of Post Cold War Deterrence" that was released during the Clinton years by the Strategic Command, which is in charge of nuclear weapons. It's one of the most horrifying documents I've ever read. People haven't paid attention to it. The Strategic Command report asks how we should reconstruct our nuclear and other forces for the post-Cold War period. And the conclusions are that we have to rely primarily on nuclear weapons because unlike other weapons of mass destruction, such as chemical and biological, the effects of nuclear weapons are immediate, devastating, overwhelming -- not only destructive but terrifying. So they have to be the core of what's called deterrence. Everything means the opposite of what it says. Deterrence means our offensive stance should primarily be based on nuclear weapons because they're so destructive and terrifying. And furthermore just the possession of massive nuclear forces casts a shadow over any international conflict, like people are frightened of us because we have this overwhelming force. We have to have a national persona of irrationality with forces out of control, so we really terrify everybody, and then we can get what we want. And furthermore they're right to be terrified because we're going to have these nuclear weapons right in front of us, which will blow them all up -- in fact, blow us all up if they get out of control. If you read the vision for 2020 published by the Space Administration, it talks about how the new frontier is space -- and that we have to take control of space for military purposes and make sure that we have no competitors. That means the space-based instruments of sudden mass destruction. There was an outer space treaty in 1967, which doesn't have any teeth in it but it does call for preserving space for peaceful purposes. And there have been efforts at the U.N. General Assembly Disarmament Committee to strengthen it. But they've been blocked unilaterally by the United States. The United States alone refuses to vote for the General Assembly resolution, and it's been tied up since the year 2000. The Chinese are the ones who are pushing to expand it. That's not reported in the United States. In the year 2000 it was only reported in one newspaper, a small newspaper in Utah. The whole world is supposed to be covered with -- probably is -- with sophisticated surveillance devices and the whole range of complex, lethal, destructive weaponry designed to be able to attack anything from space. This means nuclear weapons in space -- nuclear energy sources in space -- which can get out of control and blow up and who knows what will happen. When the Bush administration took over they just made it more extreme. They moved from the Clinton doctrine of control of space to what they call ownership of space, meaning -- their words -- "instant engagement anywhere" or unannounced destruction of any place on earth. These are remarks Noam Chomsky made on Jan. 25 at events in Santa Fe, NM, celebrating the 25th anniversary of the International Relations Center (IRC), online at http://www.irc-online.org . Chomsky is a member of the IRC's board of directors and the author of Hegemony or Survival. -- Dan Clore Now available: _The Unspeakable and Others_ http://www.wildsidepress.com/index2.htm http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1587154838/thedanclorenecro Lord Werdgliffe & Necronomicon Page: http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/9879/ News & Views for Anarchists & Activists: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/smygo As the Government of the United States of America is not, in any sense, founded on the Christian religion; as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquillity, of Mussulmen; and, as the said States never entered into any war, or act of hostility against any Mahometan nation, it is declared by the parties, that no pretext arising from religious opinions, shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two countries. -- The Treaty of Tripoli, entered into by the USA under George Washington ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Take a look at donorschoose.org, an excellent charitable web site for anyone who cares about public education! http://us.click.yahoo.com/_OLuKD/8WnJAA/cUmLAA/2bSolB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/smygo/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: smygo-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 12 Guardian Unlimited: UK must 'invest or risk power cuts' Mark Milner Wednesday March 2, 2005 The Guardian [http://www.guardian.co.uk] The UK could face power cuts in the coming years unless it acts now to encourage companies to invest in more generating capacity, according to a leading industry executive. Andrew Duff, the chief executive of RWE npower, warned yesterday that Britain needed significant investment either in new capacity or to upgrade existing power stations before the end of the decade if shortages were to be avoided. But he told an Amicus-sponsored energy conference in London that investors would lack the certainty they needed unless the government took a clear line on European regulations governing emissions from fossil fuel power stations. The government must defend its national allocation plan covering carbon emissions - an issue over which it is in dispute with Brussels - and fix the emission limits for the power generation sector for the second phase of the emissions trading scheme, which begins in 2008. It must also act immediately to determine how the "large combustion plant directive", which governs emissions such as sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, would be implemented. "Unless we invest a significant amount in capacity by the end of the decade we will have problems," Mr Duff said. The government was taking the industry's ability to adapt to change for granted. "This is a dangerous thing to do," he said. "We need reassurance that the government is committed to a stable economic environment." Ian Russell, the chief executive of Scottish Power, said he expected the necessary investment to come from existing rather than new players, but "only if the levels of return are greater than at the moment". The energy minister, Mike O'Brien, told the conference that the government was aware of the issues facing the industry. The UK did not lack an energy policy, and in the 2003 white paper it had set out its strategy through to 2050. Security of supply, he said, would come from diversity built around gas from a number of suppliers and from coal, renewables and nuclear. He acknowledged there were certain aspects of the regulatory framework that remained uncertain but said the government had a broad strategy "to deal with various difficulties which may be before us". Mr O'Brien emphasised the importance of renewable energy and saving energy in the fight against climate change. The government's nuclear options remained open, but only if the economics of nuclear power changed. [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 ***************************************************************** 13 UN Forecasts Growth In Nuclear Energy Industry Date: Wed, 2 Mar 2005 11:00:34 -0500 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.0.1 (2004-10-22) on pascal.ctyme.com X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-23.3 required=5.0 tests=BAYES_00,FROM_ORG, SPF_HELO_PASS,SP_HAM_SUPER,SUBJ_ALL_CAPS,WHITE_PHRASE autolearn=ham version=3.0.1 X-Spam-filter-host: pascal.ctyme.com - http://www.junkemailfilter.com UN FORECASTS GROWTH IN NUCLEAR ENERGY INDUSTRY New York, Mar 2 2005 11:00AM Signalling a more favourable outlook for nuclear power than predicted five years ago, the United Nations atomic watchdog agency is projecting that at least 60 more plants will come online over the next 15 years to help meet global electricity demands, reversing a previous downward trend in the percentage of such generation. “The current picture is one of rising expectations,” the International Atomic Energy Agency’s (<"http://www.iaea.org">IAEA) Director-General, Mohamed ElBaradei, <"http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/News/2005/electricity_production.html">told the organization’s Board of Governors meeting this week in Vienna. Based on the most conservative assumption, the latest report on the subject forecasts around 430 gigawatts of global nuclear capacity in 2020, up from 367 gigawatts today, translating into just over 500 nuclear power plants worldwide by then. This represents a slight rise in nuclear power's share in the world electricity market, to 17 per cent from 16 per cent, reversing previous downward estimates. Today, some 30 countries produce electricity using nuclear power. Worldwide 441 nuclear plants are in operation and 27 are being built. The upward forecast is rooted in specific national plans but is also driven by factors like the Kyoto Protocol, which recently came into force, committing countries to meet cleaner air targets and imposing a tax on emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. Nuclear electricity plants produce virtually no greenhouse gases. Apart from environmental considerations, nuclear power plants remain most attractive where energy demand growth is rapid, alternative resources scarce and the security of energy supplies a priority. The fastest growth is in Asia. By 2020 for example, China plans a six-fold increase in its nuclear electricity capacity, India a 10-fold increase. Mr. ElBaradei told the Board an increasing number of developing countries were requesting IAEA assistance in evaluating their energy needs and options. “In many cases – despite the acute need for energy that are central to these countries’ development – the prospects for using nuclear energy have been hampered because the large size of nuclear plants makes them unsuitable for lower capacity electricity grids,” he said. “For this reason the IAEA has maintained a focus on the potential for innovative small and medium sized reactor design, and a few projects are moving toward implementation.” 2005-03-02 00:00:00.000 ________________ For more details go to UN News Centre at http://www.un.org/news To change your profile or unsubscribe go to: http://www.un.org/news/dh/latest/subscribe.shtml ***************************************************************** 14 TMI tagged with 6 safety violations Date: Wed, 02 Mar 2005 14:35:59 -0800 TMI tagged with 6 safety violations in late 2004 NRC says plant has been making improvements By Rebecca J. Ritzel Intelligencer Journal Published: Mar 01, 2005 9:20 AM EST LANCASTER COUNTY, PA - Three Mile Island was hit with six safety violations during the last three months of 2004, according to a report released by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. After meeting with plant officials in January, federal regulators sent a 53-page report detailing their inspection findings to AmerGen, the company that operates TMI, on Feb. 14. Six violations is more than the Dauphin County plant normally receives during a quarter, AmerGen spokesman Ralph DeSantis said. The violations were: One of the plant's emergency-reactor cooling systems was inoperable during a brief period in 2003. Plant officials discovered the problem in March 2004 and should have reported it promptly to the NRC. The problem wasn't reported until December 2004, however. There was a leak of nonirradiated steam in December that required a reduction in power output. NRC inspectors said they discovered the cause: The instrument line that leaked was fitted with a brass cap rather than a stainless-steel cover as required, according to the NRC report. The report notes, "Technicians and operators missed several opportunities to identify the problem prior to the steam leak." In the aftermath of the steam leak, NRC inspectors discovered a shock absorber known as a "snubber" was out of oil. In September 2004, NRC inspectors urged plant technicians to check a ventilation fan in the control building that was making rumbling noises. The technicians discovered the fan's hub was cracked. The technicians admitted the fan had been vibrating oddly as early as 2001. Inspectors said the fan should have been repaired sooner. On Feb. 6, 2004, the reactor unexpectedly increased power by .9 percent in 17 minutes. The power increased suddenly because of a computer error in the system that controls the reactor's power level, NRC spokesman Neil Sheehan said. Had the power risen to 102 percent, the NRC would have been more concerned, Sheehan said. The report notes safety equipment, such as the protective coating around the nuclear fuel, might not withstand a sudden power surge at that level. TMI, without full approval from the NRC, added security barriers that block traffic from crossing the south bridge to the island. To access the plant, vehicles must cross Norfolk Southern railroad tracks that run parallel to Route 441. NRC inspectors said that if a train broke down and blocked the main gate, TMI would be inaccessible. "The question is, how would we get emergency vehicles onto the site?" DeSantis said. TMI is drafting a legal agreement with the railroad stating that should a train break down in front of the main gate, it must be quickly removed, DeSantis said, even if that means bringing in a new engine and leaving the disabled locomotive behind. So far, NRC officials said, they are pleased with TMI's responses to correct the six violations, which were classified under the lowest of four severity ratings on the NRC's scale for evaluating problems at the nation's 103 nuclear power plants. "It's more than we have normally gotten in the past, but they are of the lowest safety significance," DeSantis said. "We are taking corrective actions for all of these items." AmerGen has until March 14 to formally protest the violations. If the company doesn't, the NRC will then decide whether or not to penalize the plant with fines or additional inspections. ***************************************************************** 15 Day-care sites near TMI say they lack plan for evacuation Date: Wed, 02 Mar 2005 19:00:29 -0800 Day-care sites near TMI say they lack plan for evacuation Wednesday, March 02, 2005 BY GARRY LENTON Of The Patriot-News Joyce Corradi has operated Aunt Joyce's Day Care center in the shadow of Three Mile Island for three decades. When the 1979 nuclear accident was unfolding at the Londonderry Twp. power plant, Corradi called parents and gave them two hours to pick up their children. After that, she said, she was taking whoever remained and driving them to safety at her parents' home in Perry County. Advertisement Twenty-six years later, Corradi said she still relies on her own resources to evacuate the children she cares for, even though federal regulations require that state and local governments provide transportation. "I'm in the process of buying a vehicle" large enough to hold everybody, she said. Corradi has experienced mass evacuation. But other day-care centers within 10 miles of TMI are struggling to prepare emergency plans, says a survey of 38 licensed centers by the EFMR Monitoring Group, a nonprofit organization that monitors radiation around TMI. The monitoring group sent questionnaires to 73 state-licensed centers in Cumberland, Dauphin, Lancaster and York counties in December, asking how much support they have received from federal, state and local authorities to develop plans for a nuclear emergency. Half of the centers, caring for nearly 1,500 children, responded. Among the findings: * 87 percent don't know who would provide transportation for their children. * 58 percent don't know to which relocation center they should take children. * Two-thirds have not been provided transportation by the state, the county or a municipality. Even those with evacuation plans admitted they were relying on assumptions about where they would go and how they would get there. The survey shows that the state is not in compliance with federal regulations for a nuclear emergency, said Eric Epstein, founder of the monitoring group. "What we found is a lack of coordination for transportation amplified by a lack of vehicles," Epstein said. "There simply are not enough vehicles to take the kids there." Epstein and Larry Christian of New Cumberland claim that Pennsylvania has been out of compliance with federal Radiological Emergency Response Plans for decades. Federal regulations passed after the 1979 accident at TMI require state and local governments to plan to protect so-called "special populations" within 10 miles of a nuclear power plant. The populations include prison inmates, nursing home residents, hospital patients and children in school or day care. Craig Conklin, chief of the Nuclear and Chemical Hazards Branch of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, which is now part of the Department of Homeland Security, said his staff will review the state's compliance with federal guidelines this summer during a mock emergency drill at TMI. If FEMA finds the state is not following the guidelines, the NRC could order Pennsylvania's five nuclear power stations shut down until the requirements are met. Such a move isn't considered likely. Adrian King, director of the Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency, which oversees emergency planning, said the state is complying with federal regulations. Each county with a nuclear station has designated resources to carry out an evacuation, he said. Last year, Gov. Ed Rendell also required all licensed child day-care centers to file emergency plans as part of their licensing process. While King acknowledged that the monitoring group survey shows the state has to do more to help day-care operators, he put some responsibility on the child-care industry, which he said should prepare not only for radiological emergencies but also floods, fires and chemical spills. Emergency planning "needs to be part of the way it does business," King said. "It can't be an afterthought." GARRY LENTON: 255-8264 or glenton@patriot-news.com ***************************************************************** 16 Telegraph Online: Seabrook gets OK to boost power output Mar. 2, 2005 [http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/santafund] Published: Wednesday, Mar. 2, 2005 SEABROOK (AP) – The government is letting the Seabrook nuclear power plant to increase its power output by 5.2 percent. Nuclear regulators say the reactor can safely increase its energy by upgrading minor plant parts. Federal officials also reviewed materials the plant submitted when it asked to increase output. The review focused on several areas, including control and electrical systems. The change will increase the plant’s capacity by nearly 60 megawatts. The station plans to run at the higher power level starting this spring. Contact The Telegraph of Nashua Privacy Policy and User Agreement © 2005, Telegraph Publishing Company PO Box 1008, Nashua, NH 03061 (603) 594-6440 All Rights Reserved ***************************************************************** 17 StarNewsOnline.com: Mecklenburg commissioners agree to incentives for nuclear firm The Voice of Southeastern North Carolina March 2. 2005 The Associated Press A divided Mecklenburg County board of commissioners voted to give $192,000 to a company that designs and build nuclear facilities as an incentive to stay in Charlotte. The county money, plus a grant from the city, will match a $350,000 state grant to Framatome ANP, which employs about 420 people. The incentive package, which will refund the company 90 percent of its property tax over eight years, was assembled after officials learned Virginia was trying to convince Framatome to move its operations there, where the company already has several offices in Lynchburg. The money will help Framatome relocate from downtown Charlotte to new offices near the University of North Carolina-Charlotte's campus, county manager Bobbie Shields told commissioners Tuesday. Shields said the company will invest about $4.1 million in a new facility and add 100 new jobs. He said jobs at the company pay an average of $75,000 a year. Framatome, which is based in France and has 13,700 employees worldwide, has U.S. operations in a number of states, including Virginia, South Carolina and Georgia. The company designs and build nuclear power plants and research reactors and supplies nuclear fuel. In debating the incentives Tuesday, Mecklenburg County commissioners split along party lines. Democrats voted for the incentives, arguing they would keep high-paying professional jobs in the county. Republicans countered that there was no proof Framatome would leave without the grants. GOP commissioner Dan Bishop questioned Shields so vigorously that board chairman Parks Helms, called it a "cross-examination." --- Information from: The Charlotte Observer, All material ©2005 Wilmington Star-News ***************************************************************** 18 Lincoln County News: Prospects for Maine March 02, 2005 By Greg Foster Yankee’s disposal of its spent nuclear waste at a private storage facility in Utah are looking brighter every day especially in light of a recent federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) decision. The NRC has ruled in favor of the Private Fuel Storage (PFS), a consortium of eight nuclear power plants, which wants to store 40,000 metric tons of high level nuclear waste in Skull Valley on the Goshute Indian Reservation. In its ruling, the NRC rejected the State of Utah’s assertions that there is too high a probability that a radiation release could be caused by the accidental crash of any of 7000 annual flights over Skull Valley by F-16 single-engine jets from Hill Air Force Base. The NRC denied any consideration for Utah’s plea to determine if the proposed national repository in Nevada would accept the waste from the PFS once it is constructed, Maine Yankee spokesman Eric Howes said. The next step in the process is a license request, which has to go before the five commissioners who head the NRC and who will also hear any appeals. If approved, it will not take long to build the facility, according to Mike Meisner, Maine Yankee’s chief nuclear officer. “I’d say it could be up and running by 2007,” Meisner said following a Community Advisory Panel (CAP) session Feb. 24. When that happens, concerns about the onsite dry cask storage facility in Wiscasset and Maine Yankee’s dilemma of having to provide operation and security for the facility should vanish. Removal of the spent nuclear fuel from the Wiscasset plant site would also make Wiscasset’s current assessment litigation against the company a moot issue. The basis of the town’s argument is the high value of the site for the purpose of storing high-level nuclear waste. The case is still being heard by the state Property Tax Board. At this point, the federal Dept. of Energy (DOE) makes no definite prediction for when the proposed Nevada facility at Yucca Mountain will open. The date has been pushed back at least five years or more. Meisner told the CAP last week that the media misinterpreted the DOE commissioner’s statement that delays in licensing for the Yucca Mountain project mean it would not be completed until 2012 or beyond. “They picked up on the 2012 but ignored the ‘or beyond’,” he said. Meisner said the company has been pursuing various options all along. Vol. 130 - No. 9 Lincoln County News © 2002 ***************************************************************** 19 TheDay.com: NRC Denies Anti-nuke Coalition's Request To Extend Millstone Comment Period New London, CT Wednesday, Mar 2, 2005 By PATRICIA DADDONA Day Staff Writer, Waterford The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has denied an anti-nuclear group's request to extend the deadline for comment on the environmental impact of proposed license renewals at Millstone Power Station in Waterford. The public meeting on the draft environmental impact statement took place on Jan. 11. The deadline for submitting comments is today. Nancy Burton, the leader of the Connecticut Coalition Against Millstone, sought the extension in mid-February, in part because a transcript of the meeting was not readily available. NRC Spokesman Neil Sheehan said Tuesday the group lacked a strong basis for the extension, such as a specific public safety concern, since the agency provided 75 days instead of the required 45 as a comment period. The draft environmental impact statement has been available publicly and was mailed to the coalition and other parties on Dec. 2, the NRC stated in a response to Burton. We think we've gone above and beyond in trying to allow public input to this process, Sheehan said. Burton also accused the NRC of impeding her group's efforts to participate by failing to provide other documentation she feels it needs to comment fully on the draft. Burton said much of that information has been provided but some is also in transit and will not be received in time for her to use in her comments. In its denial of the extension, the NRC states that it has referred Burton's complaint to the NRC's Inspector General because the agency believes it is wrongly accused of withholding information. The Day Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 20 NRC: Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection: FR Doc 05-3979 [Federal Register: March 2, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 40)] [Notices] [Page 10154-10155] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr02mr05-72] Comment Request AGENCY: U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). ACTION: Notice of pending NRC action to submit an information collection request to OMB and solicitation of public comment. SUMMARY: The NRC is preparing a submittal to OMB for review of continued approval of information collections under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. Chapter 35). Information pertaining to the requirement to be submitted: 1. The Title of the Information Collection: 10 CFR part 20-- Standards for Protection Against Radiation. 2. Current OMB Approval Number: 3150-0014. 3. How Often the Collection is Required: Annually for most reports and at license termination for reports dealing with decommissioning. 4. Who is Required or Asked to Report: NRC licensees, including those requesting license termination. 5. The Estimated Number of Annual Respondents: 4,512. 6. The Number of Hours Needed Annually to Complete the Requirement or Request: 128,669 hours (4,909 hours for reporting [9.68 hours per response] plus 123,760 hours for recordkeeping [27.43 hours per recordkeeper]). 7. Abstract: 10 CFR part 20 establishes standards for protection against ionizing radiation resulting from activities conducted under licenses issued by the NRC. These standards require the establishment of radiation protection programs, maintenance of radiation records, recording of radiation received by workers, reporting of incidents which could cause exposure to radiation, submittal of an annual report to NRC of the results of individual monitoring, and submittal of license termination information. These mandatory requirements are needed to protect occupationally exposed individuals from undue risks of excessive exposure to ionizing radiation and to protect the health and safety of the public. Submit, by May 2, 2005, comments that address the following questions: 1. Is the proposed collection of information necessary for the NRC to properly perform its functions? Does the information have practical utility? 2. Is the burden estimate accurate? 3. Is there a way to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected? 4. How can the burden of the information collection be minimized, including the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology? A copy of the draft supporting statement may be viewed free of charge at the NRC Public Document Room, One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Room O-1 F21, Rockville, MD 20852. OMB clearance requests are available at the NRC worldwide Web site: http://www.nrc.gov/public-involve/doc-comment/omb/index.html [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/public-involve/doc-comm ent/omb/index.html] . The document will be available on the NRC home page site for 60 days after the signature date of this notice. z Comments and questions about the information collection requirements may be directed to the NRC Clearance Officer, Brenda Jo. Shelton, (T-5 F53), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, by telephone at 301-415-7233, or by [[Page 10155]] Internet electronic mail to INFOCOLLECTS@NRC.GOV [INFOCOLLECTS@NRC.GOV] . Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 23rd day of February 2005. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Brenda Jo. Shelton, NRC Clearance Officer, Office of the Chief Information Officer. [FR Doc. 05-3979 Filed 3-1-05; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 21 [DU-WATCH] the doctor the depleted uranium and the dying Date: Wed, 2 Mar 2005 01:16:25 -0600 (CST) The Doctor, the Depleted Uranium and the Dying Children By Judy Adamson February 15, 2005 Sydney Morning Herald http://www.smh.com.au/news/Review/The-Doctor-the-Depleted-Uranium-and-the-Dying-Children/2005/02/14/1108229917886.html?onfiltered=true The Cutting Edge: The Doctor, the Depleted Uranium and the Dying Children, SBS, 8.30pm This documentary follows the efforts of a German professor and Canadian medical researcher to prove that depleted uranium shells and bullets, used in two Gulf wars, have contributed to a range of appalling health problems in Iraqi locals as well as veterans. The pregnancy stories of veterans is heartbreaking, but worse still are the pictures of countless deformed and cancer-stricken Iraqi children. These experiences have also been mirrored in Kosovo. Remarkably, while the US and British governments persist in saying there is no proof that depleted uranium is to blame for what is known as "Gulf War Syndrome", doctors in Iraq say that malignant cancers have increased eightfold since the first Gulf War in 1991. Geiger counters used by the researchers still go into the red when brought close to abandoned tanks - tanks that children now play in. Men who fought in areas that were heavily bombarded have 400 times more depleted uranium in their urine than control subjects. And the 79-year-old German professor was arrested and fined for bringing just one "safe" bullet home for radioactivity testing. It's not pretty viewing, but it's very informative. --------------------------------- How much mail storage do you get for free? Yahoo! Mail gives you 250MB! Get Yahoo! Mail [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Help save the life of a child. Support St. Jude Children's Research Hospital's 'Thanks & Giving.' http://us.click.yahoo.com/0iazvD/5WnJAA/xGEGAA/Sj.0lB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> [Brought to you by HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.ORG.UK] Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-watch/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-watch-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 22 [DU-WATCH] study of DU Effects called for Date: Wed, 2 Mar 2005 01:16:11 -0600 (CST) Study of Depleted Uranium Effects Called For By Joel Wendland 2-16-05, 1:08 pm http://www.politicalaffairs.net/article/articleview/678/1/77/ Munitions used by US troops on a massive scale in the Iraq war may be injuring US soldiers. According to Veterans for Peace, a national organization of veterans who oppose the Iraq war, depleted uranium (DU), a substance used in bullets and artillery shells to increase penetrating ability, may be harmful to anyone exposed to spent DU munitions or areas in which DU materials have been heavily used. DU is a by-product of uranium enrichment and is used in the manufacture of weapons. Weapon such as tanks, machine guns, artillery, armored vehicles, and aircraft use DU munitions. DU munitions have some radioactivity, but their main strength, from the view of weapons manufacturers, is their density. DU is nearly 2 and 1/2 times denser than steel. Some DU-tipped projectiles are powerful enough to penetrate tank armor. Others are used to penetrate body armor, trucks, and other defensive materials. While DU munitions are slightly radioactive, the main cause of concern is the metal fragments that enter the environment after explosion. Soldiers and civilians who breath in the dust created by a burning DU weapon may intake radioactive deposits in their lungs. Lung cancer can result. The potential dangers of DU munitions were revealed to the world during the first Gulf War. The Pentagon sent Major Doug Rokke to the Persian Gulf region to lead its depleted uranium assessment team. Rokkes team spent several months there on DU-related projects: cleanup, research, and follow-up medical care for US personnel exposed to DU. Rokke has since become seriously ill, and many on his team have already died. Rokke concluded that anyone who comes in contact with DU must get medical attention. The Pentagon ignored Rokkes advice and refused to distribute the information to military personnel. DU weapons have been used in every major armed conflict since the first Gulf War: Somalia, Yugoslavia, and Iraq again. "An increasing number of studies, says Veterans for Peace, "have linked DU with Gulf War syndrome, and DU is strongly implicated in birth defects among veterans children." Disabled American Veterans, an 85-year old national organization that advocates for service members disabled during war or armed conflict, concurs. "There is an ongoing debate as to whether a well-defined Gulf War Syndrome actually exists, but most experts agree that the health of as many as 80,000 of the 700,000 U.S. military personnel who began deploying to Saudi Arabia in late 1990 have been harmed. A variety of illnesses may have been caused by exposure to chemical and biological weapons, depleted uranium, experimental drugs and vaccines, environmental toxins, and infectious diseases." A study done in Germany in 2002 indicated that DU molecules can travel to different parts of the body, including to sperm and eggs damaging genes and increasing the risk of cancer. In the study, birth defects were also been blamed on the exposure of US soldiers to DU munitions during the first Gulf War. Critics of this particular study argue that exposure to other chemical dangers in Kuwait and Iraq in that war may be the cause of health problems in returning soldiers, though no serious or sustained study of this question has been undertaken. Soldiers arent the only people who are exposed to the risks, however. DU dust also can enter the environment, especially the ground, possibly contaminating anyone who may ingest through eating or breathing the material even decades later. Again, the possible health risks have not been fully studied. Inconclusiveness about the full dangers and long-term impact of DU weapons has not stopped much of the world from trying to ban the substance. In 1999, the US blocked a United Nations subcommittee initiative calling for a ban on the use of DU worldwide. In 2003 the European Parliament called for a moratorium on the use of depleted uranium. The Bush Pentagon continues to deny that DU is dangerous. Some members of Congress have introduced bills calling for study of DUs long-term impact and medical treatment for those who have been exposed. The Depleted Uranium Munitions Study Act (H.R. 1483), proposed by Jim McDermott (D-WA) in 2003, which has yet to be reintroduced in the current Congress, would require a study of the effects of DU and report its findings. H.R. 202, a bill introduced recently by Jose Serrano (D-NY) on this matter, calls for identifying current and former service members exposed to DU and provision of medical testing and treatment. Republican congressional leaders have safely tucked such proposals away in subcommittees to limit public discussion and debate. Supporters of more detailed studies of the dangers of DU munitions say broader public support is needed to pressure Congress to take up this matter seriously. --Joel Wendland is managing editor of Political Affairs and can be reached at jwendland@politicalaffairs.net. --------------------------------- Does your mail provider give you a FREE online calendar? Yahoo! does. Get Yahoo! Mail [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Help save the life of a child. Support St. Jude Children's Research Hospital's 'Thanks & Giving.' http://us.click.yahoo.com/0iazvD/5WnJAA/xGEGAA/Sj.0lB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> [Brought to you by HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.ORG.UK] Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-watch/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-watch-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 23 [DU-WATCH] The poisons of war Date: Wed, 2 Mar 2005 12:19:58 -0600 (CST) http://www.democratherald.com/articles/2005/02/27/news/opinion/edit03.txt The poisons of war Today my brother passed away. He was one of the latest and I hope one of the last casualties of the insult to civilization we call war. Not the current idiocy in Iraq, Or even the First adventure into that country. My brother was a lingering casualty of the war in Vietnam. He did not perish as a result of enemy fire, but in a way he was downed by "friendly fire." He died of cancers related to a lovely little tool of jungle warfare called Agent Orange. While the Vietnam conflict may be old news, the stonewalling, lying, and lack of support that sealed his fate are as fresh as today's headlines. Today our brave men and women at arms returning from Iraq are in a similar jeopardy. No, not Agent Orange, but a substance so much more insidious and deadly: depleted uranium, a metal that is commonplace in the tools of modern warfare. This poisonous metal is being used in ammunition, artillery shells, tank rounds, and the armor plating on our tanks, APCs and even some Humvees. Like the Agent Orange of the Vietnam war, our military and civilian leaders tell us that this depleted uranium is safe. They say that the radiation levels are so low as to be benign. They tell us that today. Years down the line when these fine soldiers begin to develop tumors, leukemias, neurological disorders, and even worse, birth defects in their children, the denials and stonewalling will begin anew. To my way of thinking, this is a shameful way to treat those who took up arms and answered their country's call. It will be on you, the husbands, wives, sisters, brothers, children, and those who feel gratitude for these people's sacrifices, to hold our leaders accountable. It is my sincere wish that those of you welcoming your family members back home can stop this turning away of those responsible so that you need not lose and bury your own as I have had to. J.M. Collins, Lebanon respond & create DU in the news with letter to ed. at http://www.mvonline.com/support/contact/DHedletters.php Send instant messages to your online friends http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> In low income neighborhoods, 84% do not own computers. At Network for Good, help bridge the Digital Divide! http://us.click.yahoo.com/V_qgJD/3MnJAA/xGEGAA/Sj.0lB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> [Brought to you by HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.ORG.UK] Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-watch/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-watch-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 24 [RADFOOD] Get the Scoop Date: Wed, 2 Mar 2005 01:06:26 -0600 (CST) The February/March issue of the Food Alert! Newsletter is now on-line at: http://www.citizen.org/documents/FoodAlertFeb05.pdf. The issue includes: FDA: Radioactive Food Safe to Eat Whistleblower Follies at the USDA Where Does Californians Food Come From? Shrimp and the Tsunami Energizing Europe USDA Plays Hide-and-Seek Action: No Rad-Meat in School Lunches Public Citizen also has a new campaign on shrimp aquaculture that you may be interested in. Public Citizen has developed a report series called Pharmed Shrimp, the first four of which have been released, and cover the environmental and social aspects of shrimp farming, the health impacts to consumers, the importation and consumption patterns of shrimp in the U.S. and the international laws that govern global shrimp trade. Following those, we will release a report on the international finance institutions funding shrimp aquaculture. You can find the Pharmed Shrimp series at www.shrimpactivist.org. Additionally, we've started the Shrimp Alert, a listserve that brings breaking news on shrimp aquaculture, from trade issues to consumer health impacts, straight to you. In addition, you will occasionally receive action alerts to contact your Member of Congress or the US food and Drug Administration in order to protect the environment, local communities and consumers from the negative impacts of shrimp aquaculture. You will only receive about two emails a week, at the most. If you would like to be added to the Shrimp Alert list, send an email to LISTSERV@LISTSERVER.CITIZEN.ORG with the words "subscribe SHRIMPALERT" in the message. *** Audrey Hill Organizer Public Citizen 215 Pennsylvania Avenue, SE www.safelunch.org Washington, DC 20003 (202) 454-5185 ******************** If you would like to be removed from the radfood list, send an email to listserv@listserver.citizen.org with the words "unsubscribe radfood" in the message. If you would like to be added to the radfood list, send an email to listserv@listserver.citizen.org with the words "subscribe radfood" in the message. To learn more about food irradiation, visit our website at http://www.citizen.org/cmep/ Questions about the radfood list can be directed to RADFOOD-request@LISTSERVER.CITIZEN.ORG -Public Citizen's Critical Mass Energy and Environment Program ***************************************************************** 25 [du-list] Is NATO guilty of a war crime? Date: Wed, 02 Mar 2005 14:36:13 -0800 Source: http://web.archive.org/web/20010203115500/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/World/Europe/2001-01/fisk170101.shtml


Comment: I think the governments of NATO are very sensitive to the accusation of War Crimes, particularly as in regard to DU use in Serbia. This article, which I found in the WayBack article ( archive.org ) from a bad link at http://www.stopnato.org.uk/du-watch/ should re-surface and be sent to all the NATO governments, over and over again, until this issue surfaces in the political realm. I believe the way to stop DU is to force the issue in the public mind. That means lots and lots of email. I'm starting right now. ---- Steve Moyer
Robert Fisk: Are the governments of Nato guilty of committing a heinous war crime?

'Mr Blair, Mr Clinton, Lord Robertson and the rest don't want to know about the dying Serbs of Bosnia'

By Robert Fisk

17 January 2001

Nato is on the run. It's not difficult to see why. The moral crusader against Serb barbarism wielded a sword made of depleted uranium (DU). And as more and more evidence proves a terrible connection between DU weapons and an explosion of cancers and leukaemias among thousands of civilians who were close to DU detonations, the sword now appears far more disturbing than the object of the crusade. After ignoring the hundreds of children ­ and thousands of adults ­ who died in a plague of cancers and leukaemias after the use of DU in the Gulf War, the Americans and the British are still vainly claiming that there is "no evidence" of any ill-effects after its use in Bosnia in 1995. Or in the war against Serbia in 1999.

Needless to say, there is a highly racist element to our concerns about DU. It is only the fate of European or American soldiers that has caused Nato's flurry of denials. Yesterday's Nato press conference claimed ­ albeit unconvincingly ­ only that Nato personnel had not been affected. A handful of unexplained cancers in the Italian and German military had created more furore among European prime ministers than the cull of Muslim or Serb Orthodox lives in Iraq and Bosnia. When I first reported the appalling increase in child cancer in Iraq after the Gulf War, the British government simply said there was no scientific evidence. Now they say the same about the Serb victims.

And, of course, no Nato official, no Nato scientist, no Nato doctor has been to examine and investigate the cases of the Serbs from the Nato bombing site at Hadjici, who have been dying over the past five years ­ a fate that was revealed in The Independent at the weekend.

No Nato personnel have been to see 12-year old Sladjana Sarenac, who, at the age of six, played with shrapnel after the bombing in 1995, who developed a mysterious "yellow sand" under her fingernails within two months, whose nails then dropped out, who went into a 30-hour coma, who bleeds internally and, with blood spots under the skin on her face, appears to have leukaemia. If a single Nato doctor wants to contact me in Sarajevo today (international telephone: 00387-33-288000, extension 215), I will personally drive him to Sladjana's unlit home at Bratunac (her parents spend so much in medical expenses that they can't pay the electricity bill) so that he can see her.

However, I expect no calls. Nato says it has no evidence. The truth is that it doesn't want any evidence. And as long as it can rely on scientific surveys by American professors ­ often at institutes heavily funded by the US Department of Defence ­ and on a forthcoming Royal Society team that did not even bother to visit Bosnia, let alone Iraq, Nato thinks it can get away with it. The last thing Nato officials, in their supposed thirst for knowledge about DU, wish to be given is the very knowledge that awaits them in the hills and deserts where their tanks and aircraft used depleted uranium bombs and shells.

So let's take a look at just one little bit of evidence that Lord George Robertson, the Secretary General of Nato, and his friends in Brussels have ignored in their denial of DU dangers. Almost 10 years ago, in the immediate aftermath of the Gulf War, Lieutenant Colonel MV Ziehmn, of the Los Alamos National Laboratories, wrote a memorandum to a Major Larson of the US military. Dated 1 March, it begins ­ in typical Nato-speak ­ with the usual ignorance-is-bliss version of DU:

"There is a relatively small amount of lethality data for uranium penetrators, either the tank fired long version or the GAU-8 round fired from theA-10 close air support aircraft. The recent war has likely multiplied the number of DU rounds at targets by order of magnitude. It is believed that DU penetrators were very effective against Iraqi armour..."

So far, so good. But then comes this paragraph: "There has been and continues to be a concern regarding the impact of DU on the environment. Therefore, if no one makes a case for the effectiveness of DU on the battlefield, DU rounds may become politically unacceptable and thus be deleted from the arsenal." Note the bit about DU becoming "politically unacceptable".

But wait. Here's paragraph three:

"If DU penetrators proved their worth during recent Gulf combat activities, then we should assure their future existence (until something better is developed) through Service/DOD [Department of Defence] proponency. If proponency is not garnered, it is possible that we stand to lose a valuable combat capability."

And there you have it. DU should be explained away as an effective, cancer-free weapon ­ "proponency" in Col Ziehmn's Strangelove language ­ until "something better" (and less cancerous) comes along. If not, the poor old military will "lose" the right to use this vile weapon. And here, for form's sake, is the final, killer paragraph:

"I believe we should keep this sensitive issue at mind when after-action reports are written."

Could there, I wonder, be a more effective encouragement to military officers to doctor their reports on the real effects of DU? And isn't this just the craven, mendacious reasoning that lies behind all those bland statements of Messrs Robertson/Shea/ Laity et al in Brussels?

And just for good measure, here's a paragraph from a letter by Alan Casson, an official with the Ministry of Defence's Gulf Veteran Illnesses Unit to Rabbi Dr Michael Hilton on 16 March 1998. Dr Hilton had asked if "radioactive weapons" had been used in the Gulf.

Most of the DU ammunition in the Gulf, Mr Casson explains, was "fired into sparsely populated desert regions" ­ hardly a description he would have dared use about Bosnia and Kosovo ­ although "the Government acknowledges that some Iraqi personnel (military and civilian) may have been exposed to DU and to the products of DU combustion during or immediately following the Gulf War, but we have no information regarding any Iraqi casualties which may have resulted from such exposure."

But, of course, there is information aplenty about those Iraqi civilians. As the Ministry of Defence, the US Department of Defence and Nato know full well. Which is why they don't want to visit the dying Serbs of Bosnia. Mr Blair, Mr Clinton, Lord Robertson and the rest don't want to know; and of course, they will get away with it.

Yes, I know Saddam is a wicked man. But the dying children of Iraq are not war criminals. Yes, I know the Serbs butchered their way across Bosnia. But 12-year old Sladjana Sarenac is not a war criminal. And that is the whole point; because if our governments are at last forced to acknowledge that DU is responsible for the slow death of thousands of civilians, and that they secretly knew this would happen all along, then they will have something in common with Iraq and Serbia: they, too, will have committed a war crime.


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and can be found by searching the MetaMind. ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Has someone you know been affected by illness or disease? Network for Good is THE place to support health awareness efforts! http://us.click.yahoo.com/RzSHvD/UOnJAA/79vVAA/FGYolB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 26 Bellona: Ukraine catch man at airport with uranium Ukraine's SBU security service have arrested a man at Kiev airport who had a case containing radioactive uranium-238 in his car, Reuters reported. 2005-03-02 12:40 The man was detained at Boryspil airport, Ukraine's main international gateway, with 582 grams of uranium. "SBU officers detained the person who was moving a case with a radioactive substance ãranium-238 -- in his car," the government said in a statement. It said ministry specialists had seized the case. A ministry official said an investigation had been launched. Depleted uranium, where uranium-238 is normally found, can theoretically be used to make nuclear "dirty bombs", but it is often used in gun ammunition and armour because of its high density. Publisher: Bellona Foundation [bellona@bellona.no] , President: Frederic Hauge [frederic@bellona.no] Information: info@bellona.no [info@bellona.no] , Technical contact: webmaster@bellona.no [webmaster@bellona.no] Telephone: +47 23 23 46 00 Telefax: +47 22 38 38 62 * P.O.Box 2141 Grunerlokka, 0505 Oslo, Norway ***************************************************************** 27 Sarasota Herald-Tribune: Persistence pays off [http://www.michaelsaunders.com/ Wednesday, March 2, 2005 OPINION Finally, partial recognition of a beryllium worker's plight When federal officials denied Tim Brady's request for help with his medical bills a few months ago, the decision prompted an obvious and disturbing question: What's it going to take for beryllium workers to get assistance? The answer, apparently, is persistence. The answer, apparently, is always going to be persistence. Brady, a former employee of the American Beryllium Co. in Tallevast, had become a symbol of the environmental and public health crisis in the community just north of the Manatee-Sarasota county line. The 40-year-old suffers from a chronic lung ailment and other illnesses requiring more than $60,000 in medical treatment a year. His symptoms mirror chronic beryllium disease, a debilitating sickness linked to exposure to a toxic metal -- used at the Tallevast plant -- to make nuclear-weapon components and other military parts. Last week, Brady received word from the feds that he is eligible, after all, for a program that pays up to $150,000 to workers who can document their beryllium exposure and their illnesses. The government's reversal appears to be only a partial victory for Brady, because officials still haven't agreed to pay for monthly blood transfusions that help boost his immune system. But, as Tallevast activists note, the decision is a positive development. It's also another reminder that, at each and every turn of this crisis, persistence has paid off. The same level of determination will be needed in the months ahead as the push continues to help others like Tim Brady and to clean up widespread pollution in Tallevast. Last modified: March 02. 2005 12:00AM heraldtribune.com the Herald-Tribune newspaper and SNN Channel 6 © . All rights reserved. Starting first ***************************************************************** 28 Newsday: NUCLEAR MEDICINE FUNDS TO DISAPPEAR UNDER PLAN New York City - Health and Science Newsday.com Wednesday, Mar 2, 2005, 10:13 PM EST NEW YORK NOW: Brookhaven lab would be devastated if the House approves proposal by the Department of Energy BY JAMIE TALAN STAFF WRITER Proposed budget cuts by the Department of Energy would phase out research in nuclear medicine at Brookhaven National Laboratory and elsewhere. Brookhaven scientists would lose up to $6million a year in federal funding. The plan also would eliminate funding of nuclear medicine at 23 universities and three other national labs. "It's a bad dream," said Stephen Dewey, a Brookhaven neuroscientist whose work on addiction relies on the scanning technology. "It's outrageous." Nuclear scanning machines help doctors diagnose dozens of diseases, including heart disease, cancer and Alzheimer's. Brookhaven is the birthplace of some of the most widely used radiotracers, which are used to peer deeply and safely into the body. It is among a handful of laboratories directly funded by the Department of Energy. Last month, the Office of Management and Budget announced cuts including $37 million for nuclear medicine research nationwide. The budget drops from $37 million to $13 million in fiscal year 2006, and thereafter is eliminated, if approved by the House in September. "We judged that the DOE was not the appropriate place for research on nuclear medicine," budget office spokesman Noam Nuesner said. He said the National Institutes of Health "would be a better source." But the National Institutes of Health also has been hard-hit by federal cuts, and none of its agencies has been designated to fund this research, said Dr. Thomas Budinger, a department head of nuclear medicine and functional imaging at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California. His lab would lose more than $2 million a year in funding. "I'm struggling now to cover that loss," he said. "This is a shock to all of us." Since the Department of Energy's beginnings in the 1970s, it has, by congressional mandate, funded medical uses of nuclear energy. Before that, the Atomic Energy Commission funded this research. Highly sensitive, low-dose radioactive material is used. z In the 1970s, scientists at Brookhaven developed fluorodeoxyglucose, a radiotracer used in virtually every center that houses a positron emission tomography machine, known as a PET scan. The Energy Department also paid for work on thallium, a radiotracer commonly used to view the heart. Brookhaven scientists continue to develop radiotracers, including one to trace the effects of nicotine on the brain and another to measure a chemical involved in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. "We need funding to take this technology into the future," added Joanna Fowler, director of Brookhaven's Center for Translational Neuroimaging. Today's patients are using technology developed decades ago. The Society for Nuclear Medicine has encouraged its members to write letters opposing the cuts. "There doesn't seem to be any basis for the reductions and no contingency plans for how these critical research demands will be met," said Robert Waters, a government affairs representative for Washington- based law firm Gardner, z Carton and Douglas, which represents the medical society. "The field has been left high and dry." Copyright © 2005, [http://www.nynewsday.com] ***************************************************************** 29 AU ABC: Veterans mount legal challenge over atomic testing legacy 02/03/2005: [http://www.abc.net.au/] Australian Broadcasting Corporation Lateline Reporter: Suzanne Smith SUZANNE SMITH: October 1952. Australian soldiers prepare for a cataclasmic blast. It is the start of 11 years of British nuclear tests on Australian soil. The bomb was rigged in the hull of the frigate HMS Plymm, in a lagoon off the Montebello Islands. The bomb is four times the size of the one that devastated Hiroshima and radioactive dust particles spread as far as Brisbane and Adelaide. RAAF pilots flew planes like this into the plume on sampling sorties, without any protection or radiation monitoring devices. One week later divers spent four hours at Ground Zero dropping a line into the lagoon to check for depth. Bill Fitzgerald was one of those men. Were you wearing any protective clothing? BILL FITZGERALD: No protective clothing, shorts only. I pulled the line up myself, hand over hand, not realising at that stage that perhaps I could have been contaminated. Because there wasn't any decontamination on that island for our crew until four or five weeks after the bomb. SUZANNE SMITH: One month after detonation Bill Fitzgerald and his crew were again sent to the Islands to test radiation levels. This time they wore protective clothing and were monitored. BILL FITZGERALD: We were told not to switch our Geiger counters on until we were in a certain area, but we did switch them on and we found that the Geiger counter went right off scale. That is recorded in my papers, but all the other exposure is not recorded. SUZANNE SMITH: Bill, like many other veterans, claim they were unaware of any risks to their health. BILL FITZGERALD: I didn't even think about it. None of us did. Even though when Sir William Penny took passage on our ship to the Montebellos, he did make a statement that some of us may be sterile for a period of up to five years. PROF GRANT SUTHERLAND: That amazes me, frankly. SUZANNE SMITH: Geneticist, Professor Grant Sutherland, is the key scientific advisor to the Department of Veterans Affairs' current investigation. He says there is no scientific basis for the warning given by British Chief Scientist, Sir William Penny, seen here at the Emu Field test in South Australia. PROF GRANT SUTHERLAND: They may have been told that. I've got no idea of what the basis for that information was. They would need to get far greater doses of radiation than I'm sure that anybody, in other than an accident situation, would get for them to be sterilised by it. SUZANNE SMITH: However Bill Fitzgerald believes the radiation did make him sterile for five years and led to chronic illness for his granddaughter Phoebe. She was born with spina bifida. BILL FITZGERALD: It's really upsetting me today because I'm going back over that life. I've got a picture of her here. That's Phoebe in the wheelchair, and her shunt had malfunctioned. This was a rather large deformity for this child. She was in a coma for 30 days. PROF GRANT SUTHERLAND: The most likely event from small to moderate doses of radiation is that there is a slight increase in the risk of leukemia and some cancers. The risks of increased likelihood of having children with birth defects, though, has really never been shown. Spina bifida is now recognised as being primarily due to a deficiency of folic acid very early in pregnancy. SUZANNE SMITH: Such conclusions conflict with new research by two outspoken scientists in the UK. The first is Dr Sue Rabitt-Roff. DR SUE RABITT-ROFF: Work done at the laboratory level with mice and other creatures in the past 10 to 15 years, and work that was done in fact 50 years ago by scientists who won the Nobel Prize in 1947/1948, which was well known to the scientists who were developing the nuclear weapons tests, shows that the damage can be transmitted through at least four to five generations of creatures. SUZANNE SMITH: Dr Rabbitt-Roff also says that veterans' children in the UK are five times more likely to suffer from spina bifida. DR SUE RABITT-ROFF: The point about spina bifida is that it has been found in other populations and other children where the parents have been involved in the radiation industry, whether it's the weapons industry or the nuclear energy industry. SUZANNE SMITH: However senior officials in the Department of Veterans Affairs say Rabbitt-Roff's work has a gross recruitment bias. Her numbers come from the death certificates of vocal veterans groups; their members are likely to be sicker than other vets. Unrepentant, Dr Rabbitt-Roff says the opposition to her work, in Australia, is ironic. DR SUE RABITT-ROFF: The irony is that in Australia veterans are paid compensation. I know of at least a dozen cases where men have been compensated with one, 200, $A300,000 for injuries suffered at nuclear weapons tests. But it's virtually a secret program, a closed program. The men are made awards on the grounds that they don't discuss it with anybody for fear of losing the award. I think the Government has a great fiscal interest in keeping this a very closed activity. SUZANNE SMITH: The acknowledged radiation expert, Professor Yuri Debrova, studies irradiated families living near the Chernobyl disaster and Soviet test sites. The fallout doubled the normal rate of genetic mutation in families. PROF YURI DEBROVA: When you irradiate people the mutation rate in their germ cells, eggs and sperms, I would rather put it this way; sperms and eggs is elevated and therefore they pass more mutations to their children than those families which have not seen exposure to radiation. SUZANNE SMITH: While the 1985 Royal Commission found that one in four vets will contract some form of radiation related disease, the Government contends smoking or service in the Korean and Vietnam Wars might also influence cancer rates. The US Government, however, has a much more generous policy. The US Government compensates for 21 forms of cancer. In Australia we compensate for just two; leukemia and multiple myeloma. Australian veterans are hoping a High Court action in the UK in June will force a change in Government policy. Bill Fitzgerald wants to make it clear that he has no gripes against the navy or the Department of Veterans Affairs, but he wants the Australian Government to act. BILL FITZGERALD: It's not about me, it's about all of the people that were involved, when Marilinga, Montebellos, whatever. The air crews, the army guys, the navy fellows. A lot of people were exposed to radiation. [http://www.abc.net.au/privacy.htm] ***************************************************************** 30 AU ABC: Veterans widow fights Govt for compensation [http://www.abc.net.au/] [contact and search links] Australian Broadcasting Corporation Lateline Broadcast: 02/03/2005 Reporter: Tony Jones TONY JONES: And we invited the Veterans Affairs' Minister, Deanne Kelly, to respond to the veterans' claims. She declined our offer. Instead tonight we talk a woman who has spent the last 15 years fighting the Government for compensation for the death of her husband, Bill Smith, also a navy diver at the Montebello atomic tests. Bill Smith died of non-Hodgkins Lymphoma in 1990. I spoke to Margaret Smith just a short time ago. Margaret Smith, thank you for joining us. MARGARET SMITH: Thank you. TONY JONES: Could you start by telling us a little bit about how your husband Bill got involved in these nuclear tests in the first place and what he did? MARGARET SMITH: Well he joined the navy in 1945, when he was not quite 18. He was in there for 13 years and he was a diver in the navy. TONY JONES: So what happened? He has obviously told you, over many years I imagine, the stories of what happened when he was a diver at the Montebello tests. Can you tell us a little bit about that? MARGARET SMITH: Well, I remember him saying that he was sent into radioactive waters to recover a barge and some cable, and when that was brought on board the ship it was heavily covered in growth and wrigglies. Someone saw it and was it was too hot and they were told to put it back in the water. Then the deck was just covered in this heavy growth and they had to clean it all up. TONY JONES: How long after the actual nuclear explosions was this? Do you know? MARGARET SMITH: I can't recall, really, now. It might have been a week. I don't know. TONY JONES: Did he tell you was he wearing any sort of protective gear, or was he wearing a monitor to show how much radiation he was absorbing? MARGARET SMITH: No, no, no. He didn't. I think he only had shorts on and breathing apparatus. But the other gear wasn't suitable for where they were diving. TONY JONES: Did he feel at the time that he might be exposed to some danger by doing this? MARGARET SMITH: Well he didn't think at the time, but later on in years he was very concerned. He had pains in his back and everything and they couldn't find out why, until in 1988 he was very sick and they found he had non-Hodgkins Lymphoma and he was off work for 12 months having chemo. He went back in January 1990 and it flared up again and he died in May 1990. A terrible death, a terrible death. He was just skin and bone. TONY JONES: What do you think, Margaret, was the official attitude towards men like Bill who were there as servicemen, and presumably some servicewomen, at those tests? MARGARET SMITH: Well, they keep saying it didn't happen in wartime, but he was employed by the navy and they are responsible for his death and all the others. TONY JONES: I know that in the past you've referred to them as guinea pigs. Is that what you think? MARGARET SMITH: Yes, that's right, he was a guinea pig and he gave himself a death sentence when he went into the water. TONY JONES: There was a class action, wasn't there, that Bill was involved in? Why did that get dropped in the end? MARGARET SMITH: Because he took that out in 1988, and as I said he died in 1990. I continued because just to help the ones who were living and the ones that have died. But I have got absolutely nowhere. I've just been absolutely stressed out over it. I've recently withdrawn the case because I would have lost my house, and the Government said it was a waste of taxpayer's money. I couldn't get Legal Aid because it was a waste of taxpayer's money because I wouldn't win. TONY JONES: What sort of response have you had from the Government? I mean, I know, for example, that you've been involved directly in this for a long time, you've even recently written a submission to the latest inquiry. MARGARET SMITH: Yes, that's right, and I haven't heard a word about it. TONY JONES: You know that the inquiry that you've written a submission to is due to give its report fairly soon. What do you expect from it? What's the best you can hope for? MARGARET SMITH: Well I'd only get a gold card, and I think it's 15 years too late, as far as I'm concerned, for all the stress I've gone through. As I said, it's not the money, I've been fighting for justice for Bill. TONY JONES: Who do you think, in the end, is mostly at fault here? I mean, do you blame the British Government or the Australian Government, or the Australian military? MARGARET SMITH: Well, both. I think the British are looking after their veterans, but the Australian Government is certainly not. TONY JONES: Do you have any hope at all that the inquiry that's going on at the moment might bring an end to this for you? MARGARET SMITH: I don't think so. TONY JONES: Why not? MARGARET SMITH: I mean it's been going on for 53 years so why change it now? TONY JONES: Right, Margaret Smith, we thank you very much for coming in to talk us tonight. MARGARET SMITH: Thank you. [http://www.abc.net.au/privacy.htm] ***************************************************************** 31 Rocky Mountain News: Sick workers seek answers Department of Labor tapped to catch up on Rocky Flats backlog By Ann Imse, Rocky Mountain News March 2, 2005 After five years of waiting for bureaucrats to fulfill congressional orders to pay compensation to sick and dying workers who built bombs at Rocky Flats, it didn't take long for tempers and tears to show Tuesday night at a meeting to discuss the latest program changes. Congress last fall transferred the Department of Energy's 24,000 still-pending applications to the Department of Labor. Laura Schultz, a Rocky Flats engineer on oxygen and suffering from a multitude of ailments including cancer, seizures and stomach problems, was shaking with frustration halfway through the meeting over a requirement for proof that her condition was caused by radioactive and toxic chemicals at the highly secretive plant. "We don't know what we were exposed to," she tried to explain to Labor officials who had called the meeting. "It was on a need-to-know basis." So how, she asked, can she prove a connection to the chemicals when no one told her what they were? In 2000, Congress admitted that thousands of atom-bomb workers at Rocky Flats, on the outskirts of Denver, and other plants around the country had put their lives at risk for national security. It devised a two-part program to decide if the workers' cancers and other illnesses were caused by their exposure to radiation and toxic chemicals on the job. The Department of Labor has paid out $1 billion in compensation in its part of the program. In contrast, the Department of Energy has spent $95 million on paperwork and managed to pay only 31 people. In the public meeting Tuesday night, Labor's task force manager for the changeover, Rachel Leiton, was asked, "How long will it be after we file to get a decision?" "I don't know," she replied. "Can you give me an approximation?" "We don't know how easy it will be to get information," she said. But after the meeting, Leiton told the Rocky Mountain News that Labor has a "goal" of paying 1,200 claims this year and catching up on the entire backlog of applications transferred from the Department of Energy within two years. That's significantly better than Energy, which, at this time last year, was hoping to catch up by 2023. But Leiton could not make any estimate when Labor will finish the still-pending cancer claims to the original Labor program, because they have been in the hands of another government agency, the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH must try to calculate each worker's radiation contamination, based on often-incomplete and inaccurate records, and then decide if that caused the person's cancer, before Labor can pay the claim. Leiton said Labor is caught up on its part of the job and it is waiting for NIOSH decisions. A NIOSH science official at the meeting, Jim Neton, could not give a date for completing the work, though last year officials estimated the work would take until 2008. He said NIOSH now is discussing deadlines with its contractor. Leiton did promise that Labor will do a better job of figuring out just what chemicals were used at Rocky Flats and what damage they do to the human body. And she promised to review denials by the Department of Energy. One worker, whose claim was denied, asked if the same "idiots" would be reviewing his claim now. Leiton promised fresh eyes. Meetings planned • When: 2 p.m. and 6:30 p.m. today • Where: Arvada Center for the Arts and Humanities, 6901 Wadsworth Blvd. • Information: 720-264-3060 imsea@RockyMountainNews.com or 303-892-5438 ***************************************************************** 32 ITAR-TASS: Duma ratifies Vienna convention on liability for nuclear damage 02.03.2005, 14.11 MOSCOW, March 2 (Itar-Tass) - The ratification of the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage meets Russia’s political, economic and scientific interests, said Konstantin Kosachev, State Duma Foreign Relations Committee chairman. Speaking at the State Duma on Wednesday, Kosachev said the ratification of the Vienna Convention “meets political, economic and scientific interests of Russia.” Russia “did not pay for damage caused by the Chernobyl disaster. Other countries paid 1.2 billion U.S. dollar compensations to citizens for damage,” the Duma lawmaker stressed. “The ratification of the Vienna Convention is a step towards protecting interests of Russian citizens in assuming civil liability for nuclear damage,” Kosachev noted. He emphasised that Lithuania, Ukraine, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania and Bulgaria have nuclear facilities in their territories. It is probable that “they (nuclear facilities) may also cause damage to these countries, which are adjacent to Russia.” To this end, Kosachev said the lower house is working on a draft law “On Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage and its Financial Support”. In his words, the draft law may be discussed at the second reading within one-two months. “This law will make it possible to set civil liability for nuclear damage at the amount of 60 million U.S. dollars that responds to the Vienna Convention minimal damage,” the lawmaker said. Earlier in the day, the State Duma ratified the Vienna Convention. The major aim of the document is to provide financial support to citizens from a nuclear accident at a civil nuclear power plant of other state. A total of 32 states are members of the Vienna Convention, including Ukraine and Lithuania, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Hungary. © ITAR-TASS. All rights reserved. You undertake not to copy, ***************************************************************** 33 DenverPost.com: Energy workers get aid faster Article Published: Wednesday, March 02, 2005 But ill Rocky Flats alumni say benefits still falling short By Kim McGuire Denver Post Staff Writer Arvada - The Department of Labor has paid out more than $13 million in benefits to 111 former nuclear workers and their families since the inception of a new compensation program, labor officials said Tuesday during a town hall meeting. That program, known as Part E of the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act, provides medical benefits and compensation to workers who were exposed to toxic chemicals while working at federal facilities. Last year, Congress stripped the Department of Energy of its authority to manage compensation and benefits programs after nuclear workers complained it wasn't processing claims quickly enough. During the four years that DOE ran its program, it paid on only 31 of the 25,000 claims filed. In contrast, the Labor Department has approved 256 claims, totaling $33.5 million in compensation. That amount does not include claims paid under the new compensation program. Still, many ill Rocky Flats workers and their families say that despite the changes to the compensation program, many aren't receiving the benefits they deserve. Levi Samora, who worked at Rocky Flats for 24 years, said he hasn't received any compensation even though he has been diagnosed with beryllium disease, one of the illnesses covered by the original Department of Labor program. "Why do I have to continue to prove what I received out there is what I received out there?," he said, explaining that he's been asked to have a lung biopsy. Labor Department officials said that in the next few months they expect to make decisions on claims filed by survivors of deceased workers who had their illnesses verified by a panel of physicians. Workers who had their claims approved by DOE will be next in line for compensation. By the end of May, the Labor Department should have new regulations in place for Part E, which officials said should speed up the rest of the claims. George Barrie, a former machinist at Rocky Flats who has been diagnosed with a number of illnesses, said many workers can't wait any longer for help. "You've got your work cut out for you," he told officials. "I feel for you. But please do your best because many of us are dying." Labor officials will meet with former workers again today at 2 p.m. and 6:30 p.m. at the Arvada Center for the Arts and Humanities. Staff writer Kim McGuire can be reached at 303-820-1240 or at kmcguire@denverpost.com [kmcguire@denverpost.com] . All contents Copyright 2005 The Denver Post or other copyright ***************************************************************** 34 Uranium Tailings Threaten Colorado River Date: Wed, 2 Mar 2005 20:45:43 -0600 (CST) Uranium mine tailings a mere 1,000 feet away from the Colorado River threaten downstream water supplies (http://www.newwest.net/index.php/main/article/353/ ) A coalition of 21 western state members of Congress have [written the Department of Energy [http://www.sltrib.com/utah/ci_2589670 ]] to get the tailings moved. Pictures at :http://www.moabtailings.org/ [Thanks to peakoil.com for this information] = = = = STILL FEELING LIKE THE MAINSTREAM U.S. CORPORATE MEDIA IS GIVING A FULL HONEST PICTURE OF WHAT'S GOING ON? = = = = Daily online radio show, news reporting: www.DemocracyNow.org More news: UseNet's misc.activism.progressive (moderated) = = = = Sorry, we cannot read/reply to most usenet posts but welcome email FOR MORE INFORMATION: http://EconomicDemocracy.org/wtc/ (peace) http://economicdemocracy.org/eco/climate-summary.html (Climate) And http://EconomicDemocracy.org/ (general) ** ANTI-SPAM EMAIL NOTE: For email "info" and "map" don't work. Email to ** m-a-i-l-m-a-i-l (without the dashes) at economicdemocracy.org instead ***************************************************************** 35 deseret news: Moab tailings could wash into Colorado River [deseretnews.com] Wednesday, March 2, 2005 A matter of when, not if, U. professor says of uranium-mining waste By Joe Bauman Deseret Morning News If the Moab uranium tailings pile stays where it is, eventually a big flood will wash it into the Colorado River. Deseret Morning News graphic "Not could. It will happen. It's just a matter of when," says one of the authors of a report on the subject, D. Kip Solomon, a University of Utah professor of geology and geophysics. Even if no giant flood hits in the near future, radioactive and chemical contamination apparently has leached from it and migrated under the river. On the other side of the Colorado are a nature preserve and the city of Moab. About 11.9 million tons of uranium tailings and contaminated soil were left near the Colorado River, three miles northwest of Moab, when Atlas Minerals Corp. stopped production in 1984. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the wastes cover 130 acres and were placed in an unlined impoundment. Atlas "placed an interim cover over the tailings pile in 1995," the DOE adds. The department has been preparing an environmental impact statement about what to do with the tailings, which at the closest point reach to within about 1,000 feet of the river. Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr. recently wrote to the DOE expressing his determination that the pile should be hauled away from the river as soon as possible. "Recent flooding in the St. George and Santa Clara regions of Utah also demonstrated the swift and immense force of moving water in the desert," he wrote. Huntsman's concerns are backed by studies, including one published in December 2003 by Solomon and Philip Gardner, a graduate student at the U. DOE studies found ammonia and uranium in gravel below the Matheson Wetlands Preserve across the river, the researchers wrote. "The magnitude of these concentrations and the location of the highest values suggest that groundwater from the mill tailings is flowing under the Colorado River and impacting groundwater" beneath the preserve, they added. "We believe that there are fluids that have migrated underneath the river," Solomon said in a telephone interview. Contrary to earlier expectations of the DOE, the river was not a barrier to the flow. A lot of contaminated fluids are discharging into the Colorado, he added. But some of it goes under the river to the Moab side. Whether this occurs depends on the amount of water in the river and how much groundwater pumping is going on. When the uranium mill was working, operators leached out material they needed by pouring fluids on the tailings. This caused material to leak out of the pile. "They were pushing fluids beneath the river toward Moab," he said. Now that operations have ceased, whether the flow is still occurring "is a little uncertain." The study uncovered "very, very permeable gravel deposits beneath the mill tailings, beneath the river and beneath the entire Matheson Wetlands Preserve," Solomon added. Permeable gravel is important for two reasons, he said: • The layer amounts to a hydrological "superhighway." It's a pathway along which groundwater can migrate under the river. If enough pumping takes place on the tailings side, water might flow toward it. If the reverse is true, water could flow from the tailings toward Moab. In that case, some controls may be possible through pumping. • The "very coarse gravels" show that the Colorado River has flooded in the past, bringing in gravel and boulders. "The river has migrated laterally over very large distances through geologic time," he said. Above the gravel is about 15 feet of fine, silty material. The tailings are on top of the silt, approaching within 1,000 feet of the river in one place. The tailings amount to "a house that's literally built on sands and silts," Solomon said. "They're not founded on any really competent material," meaning they could easily wash away. At 24 and 30 feet below the surface, geologists uncovered organic material. A lab in Florida checked the age of the wood and peat through carbon dating. Radiocarbon dates for samples from the two floods ranged between 1860 and 1980 for the most recent, and between 990 and 1090 AD for the earlier material. That is about when flood waters carried them in. The samples were taken from a bore hole on the Moab side of the river. But the debris indicate the river's violence throughout the zone. The report by Gardner and Solomon explains, "The radiocarbon ages of these two samples indicate that there have been two flood events in the last 1,000 years that have scoured down to 24 and 30 feet below present land surface, respectively, at a distance of more than 260 feet from the present river channel." During January's flooding, the Santa Clara River in southwestern Utah rapidly ate away at its banks. "The biggest meander was 700 feet," said Jan Sandberg, engineer for the city of St. George. "There was a lot of meandering in lots of areas." "In the city of Santa Clara, it took a huge bite, took out a bunch of prime real estate," said Dean Cox, emergency services director for Washington County. An erosion of 700 feet would not quite bring the Colorado River onto the Moab tailings. But the Santa Clara destruction happened with just one flood, and that river is far smaller than the Colorado. If a big enough flood were to race through the Colorado, said Dianne Nielson, executive director of the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, "We're going to have uranium mill tailings strewn along the banks and sandbars along that river for distances downstream." That, Nielson added, is unacceptable. E-mail: bau@desnews.com [bau@desnews.com] © 2005 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 36 Bradenton Herald: Phosphates may need exit strategy | 03/02/2005 | SCOTT RADWAY Herald Staff Writer MANATEE - By the time the state raised a red flag about the Mulberry Corporation's financial state in April 2000, the phosphate company "had long since stopped operating," according to a recent Florida Department of Environmental Protection memo. Nine months later, in early 2001, Mulberry was bankrupt. Today, the taxpayer bill to close Mulberry's two abandoned phosphate plants - with most of that spent on the Piney Point plant - is expected to reach $150 million. That's why the state has adopted new, more stringent rules to ensure phosphate companies maintain the finances needed to close down their plants, which can quickly become major health and environmental hazards if left untended. Rules which proponents say Mulberry would have failed to meet much earlier. "We have made it a much tougher test for a company to pass" to demonstrate financial wherewithal, said Richard Cantrell, a state DEP deputy director. But not everyone is happy. "They aren't strong enough, absolutely," said Tom Reese, an attorney and member of Agency on Bay Management in St. Petersburg. "We will still catch the problem too late, and then what can you do about it?" Reese said the rules require more financial hurdles but should take another step and require cash is set aside for a close down. Otherwise, he said, the state will end up in line with everyone else owed money if a company goes belly-up. Setting aside cash deposits is one of several ways a company can demonstrate it is financially healthy in the new rules. Others include corporate guarantees, financial tests, closure insurance and a letter of credit. The company chooses which it will pursue. Glenn Compton, chairman of ManaSota-88, a regional environmental advocacy group, called the new rules "fatally flawed." Compton said there needs to be more corporate disclosure and worst-case scenario estimates of how much it cost to close a plant. ManaSota-88 is considering challenging the new rules, which would postpone them taking effect in July. The biggest concern about phosphate plants is the low-level radioactive by-product of processing called phosphogypsum, which is stacked outside the plant and holds wastewater. At Piney Point, millions of gallons of toxic waste water collected in four enormous stacks and threatened to overflow into Tampa Bay after the plant closed. The state spent $63 million sealing the stacks and treating the water collected inside at the Piney Point plant. Another $32 million was spent on Mulberry's Polk facility. Projections are for $150 million in total for closing both plants, Cantrell said. But Cantrell said the Environmental Regulations Commission, which passed the new rules by a 5 to 1 vote, was attempting to balance the need to protect the state and the public from future Piney Points and also not overburden companies with financial restrictions. Cantrell added that the DEP would have preferred requiring cash to ensure closure and supported including incentives for that method. But state law, he said, called for additional options for companies, such as financial tests that demonstrated the assets and capital were available. "You don't want companies to go out of business," Cantrell said. "We want them there to manage the site safely and securely." Gray Gordon, manager of public affairs for Mosaic Fertilizer, the largest phosphate company in Florida, said his company would have to set aside several hundred million dollars to ensure all its sites were closed. Something, which he said, would overburden the company. "No industry could take all the liability it could possibly have and put that money in the bank," Gordon said, adding that new requirements for plant management and closure plans and more frequent financial reporting should protect the state. "We think (the new rules) are a good change for the protection of the state and the environment," Gordon said. Scott Radway, environmental reporter, can be reached at 708-7919 or at sradway@HeraldToday.com [sradway@HeraldToday.com] . ***************************************************************** 37 ens: Science Panel: Some High-Level Nuclear Waste Should Stay Put Environment News Service (ENS) www.ens-newswire.com WASHINGTON, DC, March 2, 2005 (ENS) - Some types of radioactive waste at U.S. Department of Energy sites should be buried or left in place rather than shipped to a geological repository, such as the one proposed for Yucca Mountain, Nevada, say two new reports from the National Academies' National Research Council. The nation needs to establish a "formal, risk-informed" approach to decide which wastes should stay on-site and which should be shipped away, said the 11 member Committee on Risk-Based Approaches for Disposition of Transuranic and High-Level Radioactive Waste. [tanks] The Hanford Nuclear Site in southcentral Washington state contains underground storage tanks that holding 54 million gallons of hazardous and radioactive waste. (Photo courtesy Hanford [http://hanford-site.pnl.gov/] ) At issue are millions of gallons of highly radioactive waste left over from Cold War bomb-making now stored in steel tanks at sites in South Carolina, Washington, and Idaho. Reports by two panels of the National Academies urged the Energy Department to revamp its $140 billion cleanup plans for defense nuclear waste with the aim of transporting a smaller quantity of it to a central repository. The panel found that it is "technically impractical and unnecessary" to remove every last gram of high-level radioactive waste and ship it to a repository. "Given the controversy surrounding this issue and the reality that not all of the waste will or can be recovered and disposed of off-site, the country needs a structured, well-thought-out way to determine which wastes can stay," said David E. Daniel, chair of the committee that wrote the report and dean, College of Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. [Daniel] Committee Chair David E. Daniel is dean of the College of Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. (Photo courtesy UI [http://www.engr.uiuc.edu/about/dwelcome.php] ) "Information about the relative risks posed by various disposal options is vital to the decision-making process, and that information must be developed in a manner the public can trust," Daniel said. The committee did not identify specific wastes that should be approved for alternative disposal. Some transuranic waste currently buried at these sites, which consists of contaminated tools, clothing, and other debris, may not need to be removed to the the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico, or WIPP, where this type of waste is buried in salt caverns. The committee did not comment on how waste remaining on-site should be disposed of. "The risk to workers and the environment involved in recovering some hard-to-retrieve waste, as well as the cost of doing so, may not be worth the reduction in risk - if any - that is achieved by disposal in a geological repository," the committee concluded. The panel noted that techniques exist to separate highly radioactive material from some wastes, greatly reducing the potential hazard of what remains. The scientists said agencies outside of the Energy Department should be involved in determining what wastes should be left in place and what should be transported to a repository, and observed that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission both have expertise in regulating radioactive material. [workers] Sixty percent of the nation's nuclear waste is stored in tanks at the Hanford Site. Here workers address one of the 177 tanks on-site. (Photo courtesy Hanford) The National Research Council studies stemmed from a controversy triggered when the DOE granted itself the authority to reclassify millions of gallons of highly radioactive waste as "incidental" waste, enabling it to leave it in tanks at facilities in Washington state, South Carolina and Idaho, instead of moving it to a permanent underground repository. The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) and the Yakama Nation, the Shoshone-Bannock tribes, and the Snake River Alliance, sued to stop the agency from abandoning the waste, and prevailed in court in July 2003. But last fall Congress granted DOE the authority to reclassify, and therefore unilaterally dispose of, high-level waste in South Carolina and Idaho, but not in Washington or any other state. "By calling for direct external regulation over DOE’s unilateral, ad hoc process of radioactive waste reclassification, the National Academy of Sciences has clearly sent a message that Congress must rein in DOE and address the mess that it has made of nuclear waste cleanup policy," said Geoff Fettus, the NRDC attorney who handled the case. Most of the waste of concern is located in underground tanks at the Hanford nuclear reservation in Washington state, the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory near Idaho Falls, and the Savannah River site near Aiken, South Carolina. The NRDC says that several tanks in Washington and South Carolina are leaking. "More than a million gallons of this waste have leaked from these storage tanks into the environment," Fettus said. The committee recommended that DOE and other interested parties implement a six-step decision-making process based on risk and other factors before any waste is exempted from deep geological disposal. The report describes the characteristics of such a process and provides an example that is compatible with existing regulations, but it does not prescribe a specific process. A second National Research Council report issued Tuesday says the DOE should consider extending the life of facilities used to treat and process radioactive waste at weapons and storage sites in Idaho, South Carolina, Washington, and Tennessee. [train] Train carrying high-level radioactive waste in casks makes its way across Eureka County in northern Nevada. (Photo courtesy YuccaMountain.org [http://www.yuccamountain.org/] ) DOE currently plans to shut down these facilities when they are no longer needed at each site, but the report says they could potentially be used to process radioactive waste from other sites, thereby accelerating overall cleanup efforts. Closing the facilities prematurely could seriously delay the overall cleanup of contaminated sites, the report warns. The cleanup could be accelerated by declassifying contaminated equipment left over from the Manhattan Project, according to the report. As long as this equipment remains classified, only employees with security clearance can work with it. Declassification could help shorten cleanup time and decrease costs. In visits to the sites, the committee that wrote the report noticed that buildings posing little risk were being destroyed despite DOE's declared strategy of targeting the most significant risks first. The committee recognized that some wastes and contaminated equipment will be left in place. To ensure the long-term safety of what remains, the report recommends that DOE follow the "cocooning" approach now being used to secure reactors at the Washington site. This concept involves stabilizing and monitoring wastes and making adaptations as new knowledge emerges, while keeping all stakeholders clearly informed. In light of the National Research Council conclusions, the NRDC today called on Congress to block the DOE from disposing highly radioactive waste in South Carolina, Idaho, Washington or New York. The environmental group would like to see the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency granted direct regulatory authority over the disposal of DOE’s high-level radioactive waste. Nevada Senator Harry Reid, a Democrat, has lobbied to prevent the transportation of 70,000 tons of high-level radioactive waste by road and rail from 39 states to Nevada for disposal. "What we should do with nuclear waste is leave it where it is," Reid said in July 2001. "Eminent scientists say that that is the safest way to store the nuclear waste. It could be stored on site in dry-cask storage containers for a fraction of the cost of a repository, a monitor retrieval storage system or a permanent repository. It could be done with no danger." Reid says leaving the waste in place temporarily would give scientists time to devise better solutions. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has been licensing dry cask storage systems at many nuclear reactors across the country. "Basically, every human individual carries responsibility for the benefit or welfare of humanity and for the planet itself, because this planet is our only home. We have no alternative refuge. Therefore, everyone has the responsibility to care not only for our fellow human beings but also for insects, plants, animals and this very planet." -- His Holiness Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama. Copyright Environment News Service (ENS) 2005. All Rights ***************************************************************** 38 Las Vegas RJ: Agency pursues additional water Wednesday, March 02, 2005 Nevada officials fight DOE's requestfor more gallons for Yucca project studies By KEITH ROGERS REVIEW-JOURNAL The Department of Energy wants more of Nevada's water to complete scientific work at the planned Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository. Meanwhile, a project official said the repository will not be ready to open until as late as 2015, three years past a recent projected opening date of 2012. State attorneys in court papers filed Tuesday argued the department does not need more water because scientific studies were finished when former Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham recommended the site to President Bush in 2002. "Despite DOE's somewhat vague assertions that it needs water now to conduct new studies, it has no authority to do anything other than maintain the site until it files a license application" with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, said papers filed by Nevada Senior Deputy Attorney General Marta Adams. In a telephone interview Tuesday, Adams said the Energy Department "has no legal authority to conduct further scientific studies on the site until they have a new radiation standard." Adams said, "Now they're saying they need water. Sorry. You're further from needing water than you've ever been." In 2003, State Engineer Hugh Ricci denied the department permanent rights to 140 million gallons per year of groundwater. Later, U.S. District Judge Roger Hunt put a stay on the case pending the outcome of a District of Columbia appeals court ruling that invalidated the government's 10,000-year radiation safety standard. "Without a radiation standard in place, DOE cannot file a supportable license application with NRC," Adams' court papers said. In May, Justice Department trial attorney Stephen Bartell sent a letter to Nevada Deputy Attorney General Michael Wolz that said DOE needs 2 million gallons of groundwater for studies of a waste-handling facility. That water would be in addition to what the state is supplying to the site, 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas. At a nuclear waste conference this week in Tucson, Ariz., the project's deputy director, John Arthur, said the repository will not be ready to open until as late as 2015, three years past the 2012 opening projected by former waste management chief Margaret Chu. An energy industry newsletter reported Arthur calculated the opening could be as late as 2017 Before Chu's resignation and her announcement the opening was off track, Energy Department officials said the repository was on schedule to open in 2010. Allen Benson, a spokesman for DOE's Office of Repository Development in Las Vegas, said Arthur told a session of the Waste Management '05 conference Monday that repository is expected to open between 2012 and 2015. "It depends on bucks and resolution of the EPA standard," Benson said. Copyright Las Vegas Review-Journal ***************************************************************** 39 Las Vegas RJ: DOE urged to revamp plans for disposal of nuclear waste Wednesday, March 02, 2005 By H. JOSEF HEBERT THE ASSOCIATED PRESS WASHINGTON -- A significant amount of radioactive waste from Cold War bomb-making should remain at former production sites, and several locations should be kept open longer than planned to treat waste from elsewhere, scientists recommended Tuesday. Reports by two panels of the National Academies urged the Energy Department to revamp its massive $140 billion cleanup plans for defense nuclear waste with the goal of transporting less of it to a central facility. This would allow cleanup activities to be completed sooner and cost less, the panels said. The current cleanup schedule, involving dozens of sites, envisions most waste treatment and disposal to be finished in 20 years. But the scientists also called for greater involvement outside of the Energy Department in determining what wastes should be left in place and what should be transported to a geological repository. The report said the department's credibility on decisions involving waste disposal is hampered because the DOE both proposes and approves waste disposition plans. "DOE should not attempt to adopt these changes unilaterally," said the panel, suggesting the Environmental Protection Agency or Nuclear Regulatory Commission and perhaps an independent group of experts get involved in assessing how radioactive wastes should be treated. This approach was applauded by some environmentalists Tuesday, who have argued that DOE has too much power in making waste disposal decisions. The report "clearly sent a message that Congress must rein in DOE and address the mess that it has made of nuclear waste cleanup policy," said Geoff Fettus, a lawyer for the Natural Resources Defense Council. There was no immediate reaction from the Energy Department. Citizen activists and state officials argue that the federal government is required to remove as much of the highly radioactive waste left over from bomb-making as is technically possible. Such waste, they say, should go to an underground disposal site known as WIPP in New Mexico or the high-level waste repository proposed at Yucca Mountain. States with some of the biggest cleanup challenges -- including Washington, Idaho and South Carolina -- have argued that high-level defense nuclear waste should be taken away for deep geological burial. But a National Research Council panel, asked to review the government program, concluded that the "recovery of every last gram" of such waste "will be technically impractical and unnecessary." In some cases removing waste could lead to increased human exposures to radiation, the panel said. It also said the expense associated with retrieval, immobilization and disposition of some of the waste in a central repository "may be out of proportion with the risk reduction achieved, if any." Copyright Las Vegas Review-Journal ***************************************************************** 40 American Online: WCS can take more waste [http://www.oaoa.com] Wednesday, 02 March 2005 c /o Odessa American 222 E. 4th Street P.O. Box 2952 Odessa, TX 79760 TCEQ sets public meeting for March 31 Odessa American ANDREWS COUNTY Waste Control Specialists can now take in more low-level radioactive waste after getting a license amendment from the State Department of Health Services. The company, which has facilities in western Andrews County, can now take in 1.5 million cubic feet of waste compared to the 250,000 cubic feet it could store before the amendment was granted. The license amendment, approved Feb. 23, means Waste Control can take low-level waste from almost anywhere, company General Manager Tom W. Jones III said. Jones said it would be a couple of weeks before Waste Control can gauge customer response. One place it was looking to get waste from is the former U.S. Department of Energy uranium processing plant in Fernald, Ohio. But Gary Stegner, public affairs officer for the U.S. Department of Energy Ohio field office, said a decision on where to send waste from Fernald’s three silos wouldn’t come for another three to four weeks. But the amendment wasn’t granted without restrictions. Richard Ratliff, radiation program officer for the Department of State Health Services in Austin, said the U.S. Department of Energy would have to provide notice to the State Department of Health Services that the federal agency retains ownership of the waste 30 days before Waste Control can take waste. Another condition is that DOE would remove the waste from Texas if there were no disposal site in the state within two years. Waste Control has applied for a license from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality to dispose of low-level radioactive waste. If WCS gets the disposal license, the waste could stay at WCS, Ratliff said. But if WCS doesn’t get the license, and the waste is not off-site or out of Texas by October 2007, Waste Control could be subject to civil and administrative penalties, he said. Meanwhile, Jones said TCEQ has declared Waste Control’s disposal license application “administratively complete” and has set a public meeting to take comments for 7 p.m. March 31 at Andrews High School. ***************************************************************** 41 AU ABC: Debate flares over SA uranium mining [http://abc.net.au/] [ABC Utilities Navigation Bar] Thursday, 3 March 2005 South Australia is enjoying a booming interest in its uranium resources, with two companies announcing new plans for exploration. But anti-nuclear activists have warned the companies may be wasting their time. Marathon Resources has revealed plans to expand its search for uranium at Mount Gee, while Havilah Resources says it is setting up a new company called Curnamona Energy to look for uranium west of Broken Hill. Curnamona chairman Bob Johnson says he has been encouraged by recent comments from the SA Opposition Leader Rob Kerin that Australia should reopen the nuclear energy debate. "Seriously, the state should be looking at other sources of energy," he said. But David Noonan from the Australian Conservation Foundation says people should be careful about investing in companies hoping to set up new uranium mines in South Australia. "Essentially it's clearly against Government policy and we believe wouldn't get through the approval hurdles any more," he said. Mr Noonan is also critical of Curnamona's plans to use the controversial in-situ leaching mining method. Last Updated: 03/03/2005 08:34:00 (ACDT) [http://www.abc.net.au/privacy.htm] | Information about the use ***************************************************************** 42 Pahrump Valley Times: Inyo residents leery of transports March 2, 2005 YUCCA MOUNTAIN, HOT SPRINGS FOCUS OF TOWN HALL DISCUSSION By ROBIN FLINCHUM SPECIAL TO THE PVT TECOPA - Transportation of nuclear waste along California State Route 127, the proposed Yucca Mountain Repository, and the Tecopa Hot Springs Park were the top issues of concern to some 30 Southeast Inyo County residents who recently turned out to meet with their newly elected Fifth District Supervisor Richard Cervantes. After eating lunch with other seniors in the Tecopa Senior lunch program, Cervantes spent more than two hours answering questions and addressing local concerns at the Tecopa Community Center. Cervantes said he has been invited by the Department of Energy to come to Washington and participate in discussions about the proposed Yucca Mountain Nuclear Repository and was looking for input from affected Southeast Inyo County residents. Many of those in attendance expressed concerns about the ongoing transport of low-level waste over Highway 127, a two-lane highway that passes very near Tecopa and right through the towns of Shoshone and Death Valley Junction. Corbin Harney, Western Shoshone elder and environmental spokesman, asked Cervantes to carry a very clear message to Washington; "I want you to tell them they are liars," Harney said at the meeting. "I want you to find out if you can get an answer to who owns the land (Yucca Mountain). They didn't buy it from nature. We didn't sell it, because we didn't own it. Find out, why are they destroying the Mother, the only Mother we have? Tell them to put their stuff in Washington where they can watch it real close." Cervantes said he shared some of the views expressed by Harney and others. "Some of this waste has a half life of 24,000 years. I think it's a little presumptuous of man to think we could design something that will last 24,000 years," he said. "It kind of goes against my grain to take our mess and bury it in the ground like that." The other issue of concern was the recent transition of the management of the Tecopa Hot Springs Park from the county to a private concessionaire called California Land Management. Several local residents as well as winter only (or snowbird) users of the park expressed their dissatisfaction with the new arrangement, while others defended CLM and commended the clean up and repair efforts the company has made to date. Of greatest concern to most was the issue of possibly transferring management of the park to the local community. Brad Goans, spokesman for the Friends of Tecopa, outlined his group's plan to submit a proposal to the Inyo County Board of Supervisors asking that the contract with CLM be terminated and the management be put in the hands of the local group. "The current contract has a 30-day out clause for either the county or CLM for any reason," Goans said. "We also have many concerns about the legality of how this was done." Goans and other members of the Friends of Tecopa will be circulating petitions in support of their proposal and hope to present it to the supervisors in a matter of weeks. Jennifer Viereck, of Hummingbird Family Resources, a group that contended with CLM for local management of the springs when the county put out its original request for proposals, said that she understood the Hummingbird was passed over because "we couldn't do certain repairs. But then CLM wasn't required to do them either. We had people standing by with hammers ready to make the place ADA compliant within the first three months." Cervantes promised bath users he would look into issues of noncompliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act. The pools, according to local users, were never put into compliance during the county's term of management and it was understood that CLM would correct this. So far, users complain, no efforts have been made in this direction. Cervantes said he supported the community's right to self-determination but that "the county is now committed to a contract with CLM and they don't take that lightly." Any change in that arrangement, he said, "is going to be difficult." "The board would seriously consider it if all risks to the county could be eliminated," he said about the Friends group proposal. This would include the hot button of liability and insurance, one of the main reasons the county chose to go with CLM. "CLM provides insurance, employees, and a great amount of working capital behind them that the county can rely on. I don't think (revenue) is the big issue or the county wouldn't have given it to CLM for $125 a month." Cervantes also said he was unconvinced that the county's previous claims that the park was running at a burdensome financial deficit were accurate. "I met with the county employee's union representative," Cervantes said, "and he showed me in black and white where they had padded the records to justify their desire to hand it off." The previous administration, said Cervantes, had "ignored it so long they built up a huge deferred maintenance problem." Several of those in attendance thanked Cervantes for making the trip and taking an interest in their views. Cervantes said he intends to make Tecopa "a regular stop" in order to keep in touch with the residents in this part of the county. For comment or questions, please e-mail webmaster@pahrumpvalleytimes.com [webmaster@pahrumpvalleytimes.com] Copyright © Pahrump Valley Times, 1997 - 2005 ***************************************************************** 43 Las Vegas SUN: Some 'high-level' nuke waste may not deserve rating Today: March 02, 2005 at 11:10:08 PST SUN STAFF AND WIRE WASHINGTON - Some high-level nuclear waste at Energy Department sites, likely a small amount, may not be worthy of "high-level" classification at all -- and should not be shipped to Yucca Mountain, scientists say. At issue in a recent study was waste left over from Cold War bomb-making, now the subject of massive clean-up efforts. Waste deemed as "high-level" likely would be bound for the planned national nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. But some percentage of that waste might better be left in place rather than risking human health and inviting environmental dangers, according to reports released Tuesday from two panels of National Academies of Science. The panels urged the Energy Department to revamp its massive $140 billion cleanup plans for defense nuclear waste with the goal of transporting less of it to Yucca and the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico, or WIPP, where lower-level wastes are buried. This would allow cleanup activities to be completed sooner and cost less, the panels said. The current cleanup schedule, involving dozens of sites in a number of states, envisions most waste treatment and disposal to be finished in 20 years. The Energy Department should determine which types of waste and how much may not require disposal at Yucca, panel member John Applegate said. "Potentially there is a consequence for Yucca Mountain, certainly," Applegate said. "But how much (waste) is hard to determine." The panels urged the Energy Department to establish a "risk-informed" process to determine what waste should be buried in shallow storage or left in place rather than hauled to Yucca or WIPP. "Given the controversy surrounding this issue and the reality that not all of the waste will or can be recovered and disposed of off-site, the country needs a structured, well thought-out way to determine which wastes can stay," said David Daniel, panel chairman and Engineering College dean at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign. The scientists also called for greater involvement outside of the Energy Department in determining what wastes should be left in place and what should be transported to Yucca. The report said the department's credibility on decisions involving waste disposal is hampered because the department both proposes and approves waste disposition plans. "DOE should not attempt to adopt these changes unilaterally," said the panel. ***************************************************************** 44 51 Years of Nuclear Testing Fallibility. Bravo? Date: Wed, 2 Mar 2005 00:35:35 -0600 (CST) March 1st , 2005 marks the 51st anniversary of the 1954 US "Bravo" hydrogen bomb test on Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands that unexpectedly turned out to be the largest US nuclear test ever conducted. "Bravo" gouged a crater about a mile wide in the reef of Bikini Atoll. Within seconds of the blast, the fireball was nearly three miles in diameter. On Rongerik, an island 135 miles east of the blast, the illumination from "Bravo" was visible for almost one minute. Physicist Marshall Rosenbluth, located on a ship about 30 miles away, stated that the fireball "just kept rising and rising, and spreading...it looked to me like what you might imagine a diseased brain, or a brain of some mad man would look like on the surface...and the air started getting filled with this gray stuff, which I guess was somewhat radioactive coral." Human Fallibility "Bravo" brought to light the consequences of human fallibility with regards to nuclear weapons. In preparing for the test, Los Alamos scientists missed an important fusion reaction and grossly underestimated the size of the explosion. The scientists expected that the test would yield the equivalent of five million tons of TNT, but instead "Bravo" yielded 15 megatons - making the destructive force three times larger than expected and more than 1,000 times greater than the bomb dropped on Hiroshima. Human Consequences Some 80 miles east of Bikini , a snow-like substance began raining down on 23 fishermen onboard a Japanese tuna fishing vessel called the Lucky Dragon. The fishermen had no idea that the ash was fallout from the hydrogen bomb test. When they returned to their home port of Yaizu in Shizuoka prefecture on 14 March, all of the fisherman were suffering from severe radiation sickness. In September 1954, the radio telegraph operator on the Lucky Dragon died. The incident raised interest and concern both in Japan and around the world. Following extended negotiations, the US made a payment of $2 million to the Japanese government in January 1955, without legal liability, to compensate for all injuries and damages caused as a result of the five nuclear tests it had conducted in the Marshall Islands . Marshall Islanders on Rongelap and Utirik atolls (about 100 miles east of Bikini ) were also exposed to the fallout. An Islander on Rongelap recalls, "[There was] a loud explosion and within minutes the ground began to shake. A few hours later, the radioactive fallout began to drop on the people, into the drinking water, and on the food. The children played in the colorful ash-like powder. They did not know what it was." While 28 US Service Personnel located on Rongerik (about 135 east of Bikini ) were evacuated within 34 hours of the test, Rongelap and Utirik islanders exposed to the fallout were not evacuated for another day. By this time, many of the Rongelap islanders had severe burns, lesions and were beginning to lose their hair. The Marshall Islands became a United Nations Trust Territory of the US after World War II. While "Bravo" is a well-known test, the US conducted a total of 67 nuclear tests in the Marshall Islands alone from 1946 to 1958. The total yield of the 67 tests was 108 megatons, equivalent to the destructive force of more than 7,000 Hiroshima bombs. In 1988, the Marshall Islands Nuclear Claims Tribunal was established to grant compensation to Marshall Islanders for personal injury deemed to have been caused by nuclear testing. Although some $270 million was provided to victims between 1986 and 2001, half a century later, islanders are still waiting on a stalled bid for compensation. During a visit to the Marshall Islands in January 2004, Congressman Richard Pombo (R-CA), who chairs the House Resources Committee which oversees funding to the Marshall Islands, admitted that Washington's obligations have not ended. Pombo stated, "Obviously, the United States has an ongoing liability (for the nuclear test legacy). This issue is 50 years old. At some point we need to find closure." Historical Lesson Lost? Despite fallibility in the history of US nuclear testing, the Bush administration is seeking to decrease the amount of time that is required to prepare the Test Site to conduct a nuclear test. In 2004, Congress authorized $25 million in order to decrease the preparation time to resume nuclear testing from 36 to 24 months. For 2005, Congress has authorized $26.8 million for enhanced test site readiness to ensure that the Nevada Test Site could execute an underground nuclear weapons test within 18 months of receiving orders by the President. For 2006, the administration is requesting $25 million. While the present US administration insists that it will not end the worldwide test moratorium that has been in place since 1992, increased funding for enhanced readiness of the Nevada Test Site appears to be part of a well-coordinated effort to resume production of nuclear weapons, including new and untested weapons. Resumption of US full-scale underground nuclear testing would undoubtedly lead other countries to resume testing, essentially defeating any chance for near or long-term US ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. Neither the US nor the rest of the world can afford the nuclear arms race that would be caused by the resumption of nuclear testing. Take Action Write a letter to the editor on nuclear priorities in the 2006 Budget! If you are a US citizen, please click here to send a letter to your local media urging Congress to cut funding for momentum towards the resumption of nuclear testing that only undermine global disarmament efforts and ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. ***************************************************************** 45 Japan Times: Putting a lid on proliferation Wednesday, March 2, 2005 EDITORIAL The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is to discuss plans for the international management of the gateways to nuclear-weapons development -- activities related to uranium enrichment and plutonium reprocessing. The debate follows a report submitted by a committee of experts to the board of governors, which opened its regular session in Vienna on Monday. The issue of inspections aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons is high on the agenda. The report contains a variety of proposals that reflect the different concerns and interests of nuclear and nonnuclear states. Unifying these divergent plans may be extremely difficult, but all nations agree on one thing: The existing nuclear nonproliferation regime is falling apart. Their common duty, therefore, is to work out a unified plan for international management. At the same time, the nuclear states should renew their pledge to push nuclear disarmament at the next review meeting on the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT), scheduled for May in New York. The report describes five possible plans that would vary in regulatory force -- from a government-to-government agreement based on market mechanisms to a powerful system of international management. Countries with a short history of nuclear energy development resist moves toward tighter regulation, citing the right to the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Industrialized countries with long-standing nuclear energy programs are also reluctant to accept international inspections. Clearly, the IAEA, as is, has its limits. Therefore it is essential to create an effective system for nuclear nonproliferation. Coordinating the various options presented in the report is likely to involve a long, tortuous process. But this monumental mission must be accomplished if the world is to be spared the nightmare of endless nuclear proliferation. Japan can play an important role toward this end. One of the five plans would place existing nuclear facilities under international control, possibly including the reprocessing plant in Rokkasho-mura, Aomori Prefecture. If this key nuclear site came under multilateral management, Japan might be responsible for enrichment and reprocessing operations in East Asia. That could prevent North Korea from developing nuclear weapons. The IAEA wants Japan to take a leading role in efforts to create an international management system, although Tokyo is reportedly unwilling to do so. Given its declared policy of promoting nuclear nonproliferation, the government should present its own vision to reinforce the U.N. nuclear watchdog. The case for international management has gained wide acceptance since the risks implicit in the existence of the international "nuclear black market" -- where North Korea is believed to have acquired nuclear weapons technology -- came to light. Indeed, it is no exaggeration to say that the NPT's nonproliferation regime is on the verge of collapse. Both India and Pakistan have joined the nuclear club. Israel's undeclared possession of nuclear weapons is an open secret. Iran is suspected of pursuing nuclear ambitions. North Korea has announced that it has "produced nuclear weapons." The dilemma for the NPT is that it allows only five powers (United States, Britain, France, Russia and China) to possess nuclear weapons. It should be noted, however, that the treaty also obliges these states to strive for nuclear disarmament. The last thing the world wants is a collapse of the NPT regime. The previous NPT review meeting in 2000 adopted a document calling for an explicit agreement by all nuclear states to eliminate their nuclear arsenals. Unfortunately, that commitment exists in name only. Moreover, in a move that tends to belie that pledge, the U.S. is developing small tactical nuclear weapons in the name of fighting terrorism. Nonnuclear states have criticized the U.S. move as "selfish." To keep the NPT alive, the nuclear states must reaffirm their commitment to nuclear disarmament at the next review meeting. Discussions on international management plans could become protracted, given the diversity of opinion among the countries involved. As an interim measure, IAEA Secretary General Mohammed ElBaradei is expected to propose a five-year freeze on the construction of new uranium-enrichment and plutonium-reprocessing facilities. Some nonnuclear states oppose a tightening of regulatory control on the grounds that it might restrict their right to the peaceful use of nuclear energy. This right, recognized under the NPT, is premised on cooperation with the IAEA and support for its safeguard measures. Their criticism of the nuclear states will be more persuasive if they meet these prerequisites. The twin objectives of nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear disarmament must be pursued simultaneously under IAEA leadership. The Japan Times: March 2, 2005 (C) All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 46 New Mexican: LANL agrees to clean up waste Wed Mar 2, 2005 4:51 pm Under a history-making agreement signed Tuesday by the state Environment Department, the U.S. Department of Energy and the University of California , New Mexico can assert more authority over Los Alamos National Laboratory to clean up 60 years of waste and protect natural resources. This order gives us a mechanism to look at the past 60 years and get at old problems, said Jon Goldstein, spokesman for the state Environment Department. Over the next 10 years, the birthplace of the atomic bomb must tear down vacant tritium facilities, ship thousands of drums of waste to Carlsbad for underground storage, cap seeping piles of waste and take other actions. The total cost is estimated at $800 million. After many years of tough negotiations , this legal order puts New Mexicans in control of LANL cleanup and gives us the power to make sure this important work is completed, state Environment Secretary Ron Curry said. Past agreements have been done with handshakes, he said. This one is enforceable in court. If the lab misses certain deadlines, the state can charge $1,000 a day. If the deadline slips past a month, the fine jumps to $3,000. If matters worsen, the state can impose statutory penalties up to $15,000 per violation. Both the University of California , which operates the lab, and the Energy Department are liable. Its up to them to decide who pays the fines, said Charles de Saillan, assistant gen- eral counsel for the state Environment Department. Tuesdays agreement was almost two years in the making. The University of California and the Energy Department fought the order in state and federal courts, then entered into settlement negotiations with the Environment Department. Aside from Los Alamos County, San Ildefonso Pueblo, the Rio Grande and the city of Santa Fes Buckman Well Field are situated near the laboratory. The 200-plus-page agreement includes a schedule of what LANL must do each year. The public will be able to read the work orders  as they are developed  on the Environment Departments Web site. The public will have opportunities to comment and can request hearings. Many of the Los Alamos contaminants will last thousands of years, Goldstein said. Depending on how land might be used  whether for residential, commercial or industrial purposes  the soil will be cleaned up to varying degrees. Thats where the public comes in. When plans come up for review, members of the public can request a more vigorous cleanup from the state Environment Department, Goldstein said. Jay Coghlan of Nuclear Watch of New Mexico said he supports the agreement. However, he hopes soil on the mesas, woods and canyons of lab property will be restored to higher standards than areas of the lab where industrial activities take place. Otherwise, a genuine, comprehensive cleanup at the lab will not occur, he said. Its a risk for future generations, he said, noting threats to the Rio Grande. Max Baker, Los Alamos County administrator , said he doesnt worry too much about lab waste, even though some contaminants have shown up at low levels in the countys drinking water. But he said the agreement is good for county residents who value all aspects of the environment. It also will help the county obtain a piece of land from the lab. Even though we havent studied the details of the agreement, we appreciate their cooperation so we can move forward on a number of issues, particularly the transfer of land from the Department of Energy to the county, he said. Los Alamos County has its eye on Technical Area 21, located across from the Los Alamos Monitor office. Because TA-21 is close to town, investigating the waste there will involve drilling holes and scraping the land. If we run across some bad stuff, were not closing (the waste) up, said David Gregory, the Energy Departments project director for environmental restoration at Los Alamos. The bad stuff will be removed, he said. From 1943 to the present, LANL has disposed of hazardous and radioactive waste in septic systems, pits, trenches and landfills. In the early years of the agreement, drilling rigs will be busy on the labs 40 square miles. The focus this year will be on Technical Areas 16, 21 and 54, as well as Pueblo Canyon, Bayo Canyon and Mortandad Canyon. Groundwater and soil samples will help experts identify what contaminants may be present and to what levels. Theyll look for chemicals and radioactive materials seeping out of landfills. Then experts must determine whether the waste poses a risk to people and the environment and what should be done about it. Depending on the levels and where its located, sometimes its better off leaving it there, Gregory said. Digging up waste can introduce more hazards, he said. Fixing the problems will come in later years. The lab also must deal with managing a staggering number of radioactive-waste containers. Imagine a single 55-gallon drum. Los Alamos has the equivalent of 46,000 of those it must ship for underground storage at Carlsbad, according to the Energy Department. It has another 150 drums of highly radioactive waste with ingredients so dangerous no human should handle them at all. Experts are searching for safe ways to deal with this waste, said John Ordaz, assistant manager for environmental stewardship at the Energy Departments office in Los Alamos. All environmental cleanup work must be completed by 2015. LANL has operated as if the agreement was in place for the past two years, according to its director, Pete Nanos. It has analyzed or cleaned up waste in more than 1,350 sites, he said. Since 2003 the lab also has reduced the amount of waste it produces  by 94 percent for hazardous waste and by 60 percent for low-level radioactive waste, Nanos said. Copyright 2004 Santa Fe New Mexican ***************************************************************** 47 North County Times: DOE, state sign cleanup agreement for Los Alamos lab [http://www.nctimes.com March 1, 2005 10:28 PM PST By: Associated Press SANTA FE, N.M. -- The U.S. Department of Energy and the state Environment Department signed off Tuesday on a formal agreement for what they call "fence-to-fence" cleanup at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The agreement requires comprehensive investigation and cleanup of environmental contamination at the northern New Mexico lab, including remediation of disposal areas and contaminated ground water. It also sets a cleanup completion date of 2015. "After many years of tough negotiation, this legal order puts New Mexicans in control of LANL cleanup and gives us the power to make sure this important work is completed," New Mexico Environment Secretary Ron Curry said. Lab director Pete Nanos said the order fosters trust between the lab and the state. The lab is managed by the University of California. "This order represents a clear path forward for a measured cleanup of laboratory sites and helps meet our ongoing commitment to protecting the safety of our people and the surrounding environment," Nanos said. State officials said the cleanup requirements spelled out in the agreement are based on information that past handling, storage, treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes at the lab caused waste to be released into the environment. The order states that metals such as arsenic and beryllium have been detected in the soil and sediment at the lab over the years, while organic compounds such dichloroethylene and dichloroethane have turned up in the groundwater. According to the state, more than 1,900 sites at the lab require corrective action. Los Alamos officials said they had been meeting required timetables and using the required processes listed in a draft order issued last year while negotiations were underway to reach a final agreement. The general requirements of the order were first announced in March 2004 by Sen. Pete Domenici, R-N.M., and Gov. Bill Richardson. It resolved a 16-month deadlock between the state, LANL, the Energy Department and the University of California. The order, called a federal facility compliance agreement, was supposed to be released last May but it was delayed because the state and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency were trying to negotiate oversight of surface water pollution, which is currently regulated by the regional EPA office in Dallas. The Environment Department decided to release a draft of the order in September and work on the oversight issue later. The state hopes to have full oversight authority by 2006. On the Net: New Mexico Environment Department: http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us Los Alamos National Laboratory: http://www.lanl.gov ; [http://www.nctimes.com] webmaster@nctimes.com [webmaster@nctimes.com] © 1997-2005 North County Times - Lee Enterprises [http://www.lee.net] editor@nctimes.com [editor@nctimes.com] ***************************************************************** 48 Times-News Online: INL could see more waste ... www.magicvalley.com The Times-News | AG Weekly | Wednesday, March 2, 2005 • Twin Falls, Idaho Scientists say removing all radioactive waste from defense sites impractical The Times-News and The Associated Press IDAHO FALLS -- Based on two reports issued Tuesday, the Idaho National Laboratory could see more waste headed its way for treatment while the Department of Energy might be less involved in waste cleanup decisions. The recognition of oversight independent of the DOE not only should preserve the state's ability to authorize shipments, but should also increase public trust in waste cleanup, said Kathleen Trever, the state's oversight administrator at INL. Reports by two panels of the National Academies urged the Energy Department to revamp its massive $140 billion cleanup plans for defense nuclear waste with the goal of transporting less of it to a central facility. This would allow cleanup activities to be completed sooner and cost less, the panels said. The current cleanup schedule, involving dozens of sites, envisions most waste treatment and disposal to be finished in 20 years. "I think the idea is sooner, safer and more efficient cleanup," Trever said. The scientists also called for greater involvement outside of the DOE in determining what wastes should be left in place and what should be transported to a geological repository. The report said the department's credibility on decisions involving waste disposal is hampered because the DOE both proposes and approves waste disposition plans. This approach was applauded by some environmentalists Tuesday, who have argued that DOE has too much power in making waste disposal decisions. The report "clearly sent a message that Congress must rein in DOE and address the mess that it has made of nuclear waste cleanup policy," said Geoff Fettus, a lawyer for the Natural Resources Defense Council. The studies both support the plan to focus on treating or removing waste that poses the most risk, Trever said. States with some of the biggest cleanup challenges -- including Washington, Idaho and South Carolina -- have argued that high-level defense nuclear waste should be taken away for deep geological burial. But a National Research Council panel, asked to review the government program, concluded that the "recovery of every last gram" of such waste "will be technically impractical and unnecessary." In some cases removing waste could lead to increased human exposures to radiation, the panel said. It also said the expense associated with retrieval, immobilization and disposition of some of the waste in a central repository "may be out of proportion with the risk reduction achieved, if any." An attempt to recover all of this waste -- such as the hardened "heel" waste attached to the inside of buried tanks at the Hanford site in Washington state -- could lead to further leaks and contamination than if it were left in place, the report said. "That recommendation is somewhat consistent with the process we've used," Trever said. The second National Research Council panel independently issued a report recommending that DOE use waste treatment facilities that will handle cleanup efforts at the most contaminated sites to treat waste from other defense sites. That would require those facilities to stay open longer than planned. Such use of treatment facilities at the Hanford site in Washington state, the Savannah River complex in South Carolina, the Oak Ridge facility in Tennessee and the INL would accelerate overall cleanup efforts, the report said. The INL processes transuranic and other types of waste at its various facilities. The Idaho Department of Environmental Quality would still review shipments to Idaho, thus the state would retain input on treating waste from other facilities, Trever said. "Idaho has allowed the treatments as long as there's a process to get it out," she said. How far the DOE should go to clean up the environmental damage left over from decades of bomb-making and the pace of the cleanup have sparked intense debate between the federal government and states. State officials fear they may be burdened permanently with waste that will be highly radioactive for thousands of years. Citizen activists and state officials argue that the federal government is required to remove as much of the highly radioactive waste left over from bomb-making as is technically possible. Such waste, they say, should go to an underground disposal site known as WIPP in New Mexico or the Yucca Mountain high-level waste dump proposed in the Nevada desert. "Given the controversy surrounding this issue and the reality that not all of the waste will or can be recovered and disposed of off-site, the country needs a structured, well-thought-out way to determine which wastes can stay," said David Daniel, chairman of the panel of scientists that wrote the report on what wastes should be exempted from deep geological burial. The report said that techniques exist that allow the separation of the most highly radioactive material, which would go to a central repository, from less dangerous waste that can be processed to reduce the potential hazard and be allowed to remain where it is. The panel, however, acknowledged that the implementation of a more "risk-based" approach to addressing the waste problem must be handled with care and within current rules and the law, or risk resistance from states. The government must determine how best to dispose of the waste "in a manner the public can trust," Daniel said. Magicvalley.com is an on-line division of The Times-News, published daily at 132 W. Fairfield St., Twin Falls, Idaho 83301 by Lee Publications, Inc., a subsidiary of Lee Enterprises. ***************************************************************** 49 lamonitor.com: Lab cleanup begins age of consent The Online News Source for Los Alamos [http://www.lac-nm.us] ROGER SNODGRASS, roger@lamonitor.com [roger@lamonitor.com] , Monitor Assistant Editor New Mexico and Los Alamos National Laboratory signed a comprehensive cleanup agreement Tuesday, closing out three years of legal counterpunching. The Order on Consent was signed in the Rotunda of the State Capitol in an atmosphere of mutual respect and gracious sentiments on all sides by officials of the state, the state Environment Department, the Department of Energy and the laboratory. The key tradeoff in reaching agreement was a provision for stipulated penalties for not meeting the work schedule. The penalties call for $1,000 a day for the first 31 days, going up to $3,000 a day after that. For its part, DOE avoided granting jurisdiction over radionuclide contamination to the state. "We agreed to disagree," said James Bearzi, chief of the state hazardous waste bureau, noting that DOE agreed to share its monitoring data voluntarily. Bearzi was one of the few original protagonists in the conflict who was present at the signing. Secretary Ron Curry of the New Mexico Environment Department, who inherited the cleanup project from his predecessor, Peter Magiorre, in the Gary Johnson administration, spoke of the moment in historic terms. A finalization of an enforceable order, he called it, "cast in stone." He added that there was more to do before the final deadline to achieve a fence-to-fence cleanup in Los Alamos by 2015. "I believe this is a good deal for the entire state of New Mexico, Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Environment Department," he said. NMED first attempted to lasso the bucking bull of the national laboratory and tried to prod it into a regulatory pen with a draft administrative order in 2002. That ended in a judicial quagmire in which the state declared a finding of "imminent and substantial endangerment" in the environmental situation at the laboratory; and the laboratory said, on the contrary, that there were no significant risks associated with contamination at the laboratory." At Tuesday's signing, Lt. Gov. Diane Dennish, stood in as acting governor for Gov. Richardson who was out of state. She praised the agreement for provisions that would "require that the public will continue to have a seat at the table." She congratulated all the parties involved. Ed Wilmot, director of the National Nuclear Administration's Los Alamos Site Office, in charge of the Department of Energy's oversight of the laboratory, said he could not take any credit, since he had assumed his responsibilities only last year. He credited LANL Director Pete Nanos for his personal initiative as an environmental steward for reaching the agreement on the consent order and gave a special tribute to Curry for his efforts. "I'm anxious to get going," he said. Curry seconded the appreciation for Nanos' commitment, describing it as "embracing Northern New Mexico and all of New Mexico as part of his environment." Nanos said LANL and Northern New Mexico need each other and said the agreement lays out clear requirements that would help keep the cleanup funding on track over the next decade. Wilmot said the 10-year project would cost about $800 million and that the first two years of funding were on track. The laboratory is on schedule, as if the order had been signed a year ago, Nanos said, listing a catalog of environmental accomplishments, including contaminant reductions, awards and initiatives that the laboratory has taken meanwhile. According to the consent order, the last act will be NMED's approval of a report following the remediation of a highly contaminated Material Disposal Area G in Technical Area 54, due at the end of August 2015 and approved by NMED before Dec. 29, 2015. Ken Hargis, acting division leader for the lab's environmental stewardship division said the hardest part of the clean-up would be the Material Disposal Areas in Technical Area 21 at the end of DP Road in Los Alamos, which contain radioactive materials, high explosives and other hazardous wastes. Rep. Jeanette Wallace, R-NM, came out of a session of the House to attend the signing. "I think it's great the we finally got there," she said. "We don't like to be up in the air forever. It doesn't create good feelings." Curry made a special point in thanking nuclear watchdogs, Nuclear Watch of New Mexico and Concerned Citizens for Nuclear Safety, for their role in achieving the consent order. He called on them to continue to hold the parties accountable, including the environment department. "It's a great day, but we haven't seen the document yet," said Joni Arends of CCNS. The document was placed on NMED's Website shortly after the signing ceremony. Jay Coghlan of NWNM said there were many hopeful signs but also serious flaws. One of his concerns was that an industrial-use standard would be universal in the cleanup process even in greenbelt areas, which he said comprised the majority of laboratory property. He also doubted that the cleanup would be accomplished by the negotiated deadline. "It's not going to happen," he predicted. © 2003 Los Alamos Monitor All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 50 Daily News: Scientists urge feds to keep sending waste to Hanford Wednesday March 2, 2005 By Associated Press WASHINGTON (AP) -- A significant amount of radioactive waste from Cold War bomb-making should remain at former production sites, and several locations, including the Hanford nuclear reservation in Washington state, should be kept open longer than planned to treat waste from elsewhere, scientists recommended Tuesday. Reports by two panels of the National Academies urged the Energy Department to revamp its massive $140 billion cleanup plans for defense nuclear waste with the goal of transporting less of it to a central facility. This would allow cleanup activities to be completed sooner and cost less, the panels said. The current cleanup schedule, involving dozens of sites, envisions most waste treatment and disposal to be finished in 20 years. But the scientists also called for greater involvement outside of the Energy Department in determining what wastes should be left in place and what should be transported to a geological repository. The report said the department's credibility on decisions involving waste disposal is hampered because the DOE both proposes and approves waste disposition plans. "DOE should not attempt to adopt these changes unilaterally," said the panel, suggesting the Environmental Protection Agency or Nuclear Regulatory Commission and perhaps an independent group of experts get involved in assessing how radioactive wastes should be treated. This approach was applauded by some environmentalists Tuesday, who have argued that DOE has too much power in making waste disposal decisions. The report "clearly sent a message that Congress must rein in DOE and address the mess that it has made of nuclear waste cleanup policy," said Geoff Fettus, a lawyer for the Natural Resources Defense Council. There was no immediate reaction from the Energy Department. States with some of the biggest cleanup challenges -- including Washington, Idaho and South Carolina -- have argued that high-level nuclear defense waste should be taken away for deep geological burial. But a National Research Council panel, asked to review the government program, concluded that the "recovery of every last gram" of such waste "will be technically impractical and unnecessary." In some cases removing waste could lead to increased human exposures to radiation, the panel said. It also said the expense associated with retrieval, immobilization and disposition of some of the waste in a central repository "may be out of proportion with the risk reduction achieved, if any." An attempt to recover all of this waste -- such as the hardened "heel" waste attached to the inside of buried tanks at the Hanford reservation -- could lead to further leaks and more contamination than if it were left in place, the report said. Another National Research Council panel issued a companion report. It recommended that the Energy Department use waste treatment facilities that will handle cleanup efforts at the most contaminated sites to treat waste from other defense sites. That would require those facilities to stay open longer than planned. Such use of treatment facilities at the Hanford site in Washington state, the Savannah River complex in South Carolina, the Oak Ridge facility in Tennessee and the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory in Idaho would accelerate overall cleanup efforts, the report said. How far the Energy Department should go to clean up the environmental damage left over from decades of bomb-making and the pace of the cleanup have sparked intense debate between the federal government and states. State officials fear they may be burdened permanently with waste that will be highly radioactive for thousands of years. Citizen activists and state officials argue that the federal government is required to remove as much of the highly radioactive waste left over from bomb-making as is technically possible. Such waste, they say, should go to an underground disposal site known as WIPP in New Mexico or the Yucca Mountain high-level waste dump proposed in the Nevada desert. "Given the controversy surrounding this issue and the reality that not all of the waste will or can be recovered and disposed of offsite, the country needs a structured, well-thought-out way to determine which wastes can stay," said David Daniel, chairman of the panel of scientists that wrote the report on what wastes should be exempted from deep geological burial. The report said that techniques exist that allow the separation of the most highly radioactive material, which would go to a central repository, from less dangerous waste that can be processed to reduce the potential hazard and be allowed to remain where it is. The panel, however, acknowledged that the implementation of a more "risk-based" approach to addressing the waste problem must be handled with care and within current rules and the law, or risk resistance from states. The government must determine how best to dispose of the waste "in a manner the public can trust," said Daniel, dean of the College of Engineering at the University of Illinois. Copyright 2005 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This © 2005 The Daily News Lee Publications, Inc. Contact Us 770-11th Avenue • P.O. Box 189 • Longview, WA 98632 • 360-577-2500 • webmaster@tdn.com ***************************************************************** 51 Pahrump Valley Times: Test Site contract up for bid again March 2, 2005 By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS LAS VEGAS - The federal government is taking bids on the contract to manage and operate the Nevada Test Site and satellite facilities. A request for proposals issued late last month is for a contract beginning Oct. 1, according to a statement from the Energy Department's National Nuclear Security Administration. Bechtel Nevada has had the $500 million-per-year contract to operate the 1,350-square-mile test site since Jan. 1, 1996. That contract expires Sept. 30. A Bechtel Nevada spokeswoman said the company intends to bid on the contract. The company employs 3,400 people at locations including the test site, most that are located in Nye County, and at national laboratories in Livermore, Calif., and Los Alamos, N.M. For comment or questions, please e-mail webmaster@pahrumpvalleytimes.com [webmaster@pahrumpvalleytimes.com] Copyright © Pahrump Valley Times, 1997 - 2005 ***************************************************************** 52 Mos News: Russia Suggests International Nuclear Project to Conquer Outer Space - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM Created: 02.03.2005 16:31 MSK (GMT +3), Updated: 16:31 MSK MosNews [http://c4.maxserving.com/adclick/site=7085/area=side_ros/aamfmt= normal/aamsz=sideunit/PageID=1234567] Russia has suggested a project to the international community to explore outer space using nuclear installations to send a manned expedition to Mars in 2017, a top Russian scientist said. Speaking at a Moscow international conference on nuclear power in space, the vice president of the Kurchatov Institute scientific center, Nikolai Ponomarev-Stepnoy, said Russia offered the participants of the Mars flight “to use Russian research and development for nuclear engines and installations.” He said that the international community has come to understand that the exploration of outer space is impossible without a nuclear rocket engine and propulsion units that can be used “both to accelerate spacecraft and to save energy”. The Soviet Union developed such reactors for military use from the 1960s, and produced some prototypes. Now it is time to go back to this work, “and Russia’s possibilities can be used widely,” the scientist said. The main constructor of the Dollezhal Research and Development Institute, Vladimir Smetannikov, was quoted by Interfax news agency as saying an engine and an installation to send a manned mission to Mars could be made by 2017. He added that in 2017, the Earth and Mars will be in the optimum positions for such a project. “The exploration of nuclear technologies and their practical uses are not in the capacity of any — even the most technologically developed — world state, which is why it is necessary to combine our efforts,” Smetannikov said. Write us: [info@mosnews.com] Copyright © 2004 MOSNEWS.COM Designed by [http://design.gazeta.ru/] ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************