***************************************************************** 10/21/04 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 12.252 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 Guardian Unlimited: The five deceptions of Tony Blair 2 Guardian Unlimited: Iran Not Seen Accepting Nuclear Incentives 3 Guardian Unlimited N.Korea: Prospects for Nuke Talks 'Gloomy' 4 US: Mount Shasta Herald: Senator's Mount Shasta visit a first 5 US: Tom Maertens: Trust that Bush won't bring back the draft? Bad id 6 US: CS Monitor: Battle for the 'Cactus Corridor' 7 Nuclear Nightmare* By Robert Samuelson 8 Independent: Nuclear fallout 9 BBC: Iran to continue EU nuclear talks 10 PTI: India to lease N-submarine from Russia 11 Xinhuanet: IAEA to accept Brazilian proposal over nuclear inspection NUCLEAR REACTORS 12 US: NRC: Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment and Find 13 US: YubaNet.com: Wave of Nuclear Plant Relicensing 14 Xinhuanet: China, U.S. close to reactor deal 15 Independent: We need nuclear power to save the planet 16 Al-Ahram Weekly: Dumping the nuclear option? 17 UK Independent: Global warming row goes nuclear as bishop quits 18 Scotsman: Normandy Chosen for New Nuclear Plant 19 AFP: French plan for new nuclear plant draws fire 20 US: TheDay.com: NRC Says Dominion Is On The Right Track In Planning 21 US: EWG Action Fund Report: Nuclear Relicensing 22 US: Brattleboro Reformer: Delegates ask NRC to hasten VY report 23 US: NRC: NRC Staff to Meet with Energy Northwest to Discuss Columbia 24 AFP: France says future is nuclear with new generation of power-plan NUCLEAR SAFETY 25 [du-list] "..non-combat injuries and illnesses.... now upwards 26 [du-list] What Deployment Health teaches about DU 27 INSIDE JoongAng Daily: Depleted uranium once used in weapons 28 Interfax: India to lease nuclear submarine from Russia 29 US: CNNN: Radioactive material found in clinic chief's chair 30 ITAR-TASS:International conference on nuclear safety to be held in c 31 Scotsman.com News: Radiation dangers higher than thought NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 32 US: deseret news: No outright ban on nuclear waste 33 Nevada Appeal: Kerry sets Nevada hopes on Yucca discontent 34 Las Vegas RJ: Report: Yucca Mountain to be at capacity before openin 35 US: deseretnews: Matheson, Swallow cross swords 36 Las Vegas SUN: Report: Waste to exceed Yucca's limit 37 US: Bradenton Herald: Tallevast residents say no to county's clean-u 38 US: NBC 4: Environmentalists To File Lawsuit Over Former Nuclear Sit 39 US: Daily Press: Nuclear waste storage still an issue 40 Guardian Unlimited: Bush faces nuclear fallout in Nevada over 41 Arizona Daily Sun: Waste to go by truck or train to Yucca 42 Arizona Daily Sun: Yucca Mtn. tour underscores Flag challenge 43 US: WAVY: Report: Virginia will store more radioactive waste than al 44 US: Wilmington Advocate: The latest perchlorate results are in, 45 US: Billerica Minuteman: Perchlorate found in plant discharge NUCLEAR WEAPONS US DEPT. OF ENERGY 46 Seattle Times: Hanford tests plans for nuclear waste 47 Tri-City Herald: Vitrification test proves successful 48 Tri-City Herald: Review gives Framatome thumbs up 49 amarillo.com: Pantex improves training, tooling after incident revie 50 lamonitor.com: Lab's go-go years brought problems 51 PISJ: DOE dedicates new facility at INEEL 52 Scripps: Work begins to tear down WWII relics in Oak Ridge OTHER NUCLEAR 53 [du-list] CADU News 18 ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Guardian Unlimited: The five deceptions of Tony Blair Comment Whether the prime minister lied over Iraq is a red herring - we now know categorically that he deceived us John Kampfner Wednesday October 20, 2004 [http://www.guardian.co.uk] Did Tony Blair know the information going into the September 2002 dossier was wrong? Did he lie? These questions are difficult to answer as they rest on personal motive. They raise the bar too high. And yet the answers fit in to a pattern of other deceptions that began a year before the war and have continued to this day. Back in April 2002, the prime minister committed himself in principle to backing George Bush's plans to remove Saddam Hussein, come what may. Recently leaked documents have confirmed this, and should be set against repeated statements by Blair and his ministers in the run-up to war that military conflict was "not inevitable". Five key deceptions followed Blair's commitment. 1) Saddam could be peacefully disarmed This focuses on Iraq's 12,000-page declaration handed to Hans Blix and his UN weapons inspections team in December 2002. The idea publicly encouraged by Blair in advance of the declaration was that if only Saddam would "come clean" on weapons of mass destruction, war would be avoided. As the Iraq Survey Group (ISG) has confirmed, Saddam did comply in large measure, if not in all detail, and had, up to a decade before, rid himself of WMD. Therefore the declaration was not the act of defiance and breach of UN resolutions portrayed by Blair and Bush. 2) Foreign governments agreed on the intelligence This has been one of the UK government's favourite themes but it is simply not true. Many of the primary sources in Iraq were pooled, and much of the raw intelligence - which we now know to have been of dubious quality - was shared. But analysts from foreign intelligence services drew different assessments. The French and Germans had no evidence to show that any of the alleged munitions were even close to being weaponised and they told the British. 3) The war was waged to protect the authority of the UN This is the new fallback position, the last remaining attempt at a casus belli: that Saddam was in breach of UN resolutions and was thereby bringing the organisation into disrepute. Most UN members preferred Blix to be the judge of that. And in any case, which resolutions was Saddam actually in breach of if he did not have the WMD? Certainly not 1441, which was passed in November 2002. Indeed the non-existence for a decade of WMD raises questions about the lawfulness not just of this war, but also of Blair's first military venture, the Operation Desert Fox air strikes on Iraq in December 1998. 4) The French scuppered the second UN resolution This arose from a television interview given by President Chirac a week before the war, in which he said: "Whatever the circumstances, France will vote 'no' because she considers this evening that there are no grounds for waging war in order to achieve the goal we have set ourselves, that is to disarm Iraq." Chirac's position was wilfully misconstrued by Blair and by Jack Straw, who had been informed by Sir Jeremy Greenstock, Britain's then ambassador to the UN, that attempts to secure a majority on the security council for a second resolution had foundered. Blair needed a scapegoat for his diplomatic failure, even though he knew France's position was no longer pivotal. When the French ambassador confronted the political secretary of the Foreign Office, Peter Ricketts, he was told: "It's such a gift, we won't stop there." They didn't stop there. Britain went on to assert, as we now know again falsely, that if France and one other permanent member of the security council had come on board, the pressure would have been unsustainable and Saddam would have to have "disarmed". 5) The threat posed by Saddam's WMD was growing In his address to the nation at the start of the war, Blair stated that the threat posed by Saddam "is real, growing and of an entirely different nature to any conventional threat to our security that Britain has faced before". Blair might have been excused for overstating the intelligence in September 2002, but by the eve of war, as one official told me at the time, the evidence was "going away". The briefing given to Robin Cook in late February by John Scarlett, then head of the Joint Intelligence Committee, confirmed this. The last formal JIC assessment of WMD had been in December 2002. Blair was happy to make a categorical statement even though he had declined to order a fresh analysis for three months. Lord Butler, in one of the most damaging passages of his report in July, recorded his surprise "that policy makers and the intelligence community did not, as the generally negative results of UNMOVIC inspections became increasingly apparent, re-evaluate in early 2003 the quality of the intelligence." The British and the Americans knew that Blix's "failure" to find WMD was not the result of lack of effort. They were increasingly concerned that the weapons might after all not exist. In public they did not say so, knowing the damage that would cause politically and legally. Within a couple of months of war ending, Straw was already admitting that stockpiles would not be found. Blair held out with the line: wait until the ISG has reported. For all the apologies, non-apologies and semi-apologies about the intelligence on WMD, the ISG's report, the Butler findings and other evidence show that the falsehoods in the September 2002 dossier were anything but an aberration. · John Kampfner is political editor of the New Statesman and author of Blair's Wars [http://www.jkampfner.net] Chronology [http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/page/0,12438,1151021,00.html] [http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/page/0,12438,793802,00.html] More special reports Politics and Iraq International aid and development Iraq and the media The anti-war movement Useful links [http://www.rebuilding-iraq.net/] [http://www.i-acci.org/main.shtml] [http://www.cnn.com/2004/US/01/28/kay.transcript/] [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004 ***************************************************************** 2 Guardian Unlimited: Iran Not Seen Accepting Nuclear Incentives From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday October 21, 2004 7:01 PM AP Photo VAH104 By WILLIAM J. KOLE Associated Press Writer VIENNA, Austria (AP) - Iran is unlikely to accept European incentives aimed at getting it to suspend uranium enrichment, diplomats said Thursday, raising the prospect of a showdown next month between Tehran and the U.N. nuclear watchdog agency. Envoys from Britain, France and Germany offered civilian nuclear technology and a trade deal to the Iranians in a private meeting at the French mission to international organizations in Vienna. But Western diplomats said they doubt Iran will back down easily. Iran did not immediately respond to the incentives, which included the promise of lucrative trade, a light-water nuclear research reactor and the chance to buy nuclear fuel from the West. An Iranian diplomat, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Thursday's meeting did not involve detailed negotiations, merely the formal presentation of the European offer. Amir-Hossein Zamaniyan, director-general of international affairs for Iran's Foreign Ministry, would take the proposal back to his government for study, the diplomat said. The offer came a day after President Mohammad Khatami said Iran would not give up uranium enrichment, which can be used both to generate electricity or build a nuclear weapon. Iran insists its nuclear activities are peaceful and geared solely toward generating electric power. The United States contends it is running a covert atomic weapons program. On Nov. 25, the Vienna-based International Atomic Energy Agency's 35-nation board of governors will deliver a fresh assessment of Iran's cooperation with the nuclear agency. The United States is pressing to report Iran's noncompliance to the U.N. Security Council, which has the power to impose sanctions. Iran is unlikely to cave in quickly to demands that it suspend enrichment, a Western diplomat familiar with the nuclear agency's dealings with Tehran told The Associated Press. The official was not directly involved in Thursday's meeting. Although the IAEA had no hand in the European offer, agency chief Mohamed ElBaradei has said he welcomes any attempt to negotiate an end to the standoff - so long as Iran consents to continued comprehensive inspections that can verify it does not pose a nuclear proliferation threat. The Bush administration - which labeled Iran part of an ``axis of evil'' along with North Korea and Iraq when it was still ruled by Saddam Hussein - said this week it did not endorse the European allies' plan. State Department spokesman Richard Boucher said the Iranians ``have shown a pattern of not being willing to comply and of not being willing to be transparent and open about their intentions and programs.'' The British and German foreign ministers have urged Iran to suspend its nuclear program indefinitely. Iran has resumed testing, assembling and making centrifuges used to enrich uranium, heightening U.S. concerns that its sole purpose is to build a bomb. Iran's long-range ballistic missile capabilities, combined with its nuclear know-how, pose a threat not only to Israel but to Europe, Israeli President Moshe Katsav said Thursday in Vienna. ``Why does Iran need rockets with a range of 3,000 kilometers (1,800 miles)? Why is Iran investing money in the development of weapons of mass destruction?'' Katsav said during the first visit to Austria by an Israeli head of state. If Tehran does not accept the European incentives, suspend enrichment and agree to IAEA verification that it has done so, Britain, France and Germany likely would back the U.S. push to report its defiance to the Security Council, diplomats said. Experts say Iran has been building a heavy-water reactor, which would use plutonium that also could be used in a nuclear weapon. A light-water research reactor, by contrast, uses a lower grade of plutonium. --- On the Net: IAEA: www.iaea.org Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004 ***************************************************************** 3 Guardian Unlimited N.Korea: Prospects for Nuke Talks 'Gloomy' From the Associated Press [UP] Thursday October 21, 2004 11:46 AM SEOUL, South Korea (AP) - North Korea said Thursday that prospects for talks on its nuclear weapons program looked ``gloomy,'' and vowed to boost its ``war deterrent force.'' International efforts to persuade North Korea to abandon its nuclear ambitions are stumbling as North Korea refuses to attend talks, citing what it calls Washington's ``hostile policy'' toward the communist country. ``It was agreed at the third round of the six-party talks to hold the fourth round of the talks in September. But its prospect remains gloomy,'' said the North's official news agency, KCNA. North Korea has made similar statements before. The country often escalates its harsh rhetoric ahead of crucial negotiations. Three rounds of six-nation talks have taken place in Beijing without much success in curbing North Korea's nuclear ambitions. The fourth round of talks scheduled for September never took place because North Korea refused to attend. The six parties involved in the negotiations are the United States, the two Koreas, Japan, China and Russia. The KCNA commentary was released to mark the 10th anniversary of the so-called 1994 ``agreed framework'' deal between the United States and North Korea that froze the North's nuclear facilities in return for energy aid. That deal collapsed in late 2002 when U.S. officials accused the North of violating the accord by pursuing a secret nuclear program. The North denied the charge, withdrew from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and restarted its frozen nuclear facilities. On Thursday, KCNA also said a new U.S. law aimed at improving human rights in the North proved that Washington was seeking to topple its regime. The North Korean Human Rights Act was signed by U.S. President George W. Bush earlier this week. ``The DPRK will bolster its war deterrent force both in quality and quantity to be strong enough to defeat any aggressor at a single stroke, given that the U.S. is foolishly attempting to contain the DPRK by force, while seeking a 'regime change,''' KCNA said. DPRK stands for Democratic People's Republic of Korea, North Korea's official name. Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004 ***************************************************************** 4 Mount Shasta Herald: Senator's Mount Shasta visit a first By Paul Boerger Updated: Thursday, October 21, 2004 9:00 AM PDT Senator Barbara Boxer came to Mount Shasta last week to get out the vote for John Kerry and her senatorial campaign. Democratic Senator Barbara Boxer came to Mount Shasta October 13th and, by audience consensus, Boxer is the first United States Senator to ever visit the city. Boxer's stop at the Stage Door Cabaret Coffeehouse was the first stop of a campaign swing and to get out the vote for John Kerry. "Never?" Boxer said of her historic visit. "I'm so proud." Boxer took the Bush administration to task on the environment, the Iraq war and urged Democrats to get out the vote. "It greatly concerns me there is no spirit of let's come together," Boxer said of the president. "This administration has divided the county in many ways. When I was growing up, certain values tied us together." Boxer said the administration has rolled back 350 environmental protections and has blocked stem cell research that has "the possibility of lifting the pain." On the Iraq war, Boxer said president Bush "is going it alone." "I think that's wrong," Boxer said. She also criticized Bush for planning $900 million in cuts for veterans benefits. "Write down what makes this country great," Boxer said. "I think you'll find those things under assault." On the economy, Boxer said Bush inherited a surplus and it "took this president about 15 minutes to get a deficit." Boxer accused the administration of spending like a "drunken sailor." "It was the Democrats that balanced the budget and the Republicans say they did it," Boxer said. "If you say something wrong enough, people will believe it." In response to questions, Boxer said she would investigate reports of health problems for veterans exposed to depleted uranium munitions. Boxer urged the audience not to spend energy worrying about voter fraud. "Your time is better spent on winning by a big margin," Boxer said. "Put your energy into getting out the vote." Boxer said the Democrats learned in Florida last year that "every vote counts." Boxer assured the audience, however, that attorneys would be watching for irregularities in the closely contested states. Boxer thanked the crowd for "lifting my spirits on the first stop of my victory tour." [http://www.mtshastanews.com/ Copyright © 2004 Mt. Shasta News. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 5 Tom Maertens: Trust that Bush won't bring back the draft? Bad idea [http://www.startribune.com] contact info Last update: October 21, 2004 at 7:14 PM Tom Maertens October 22, 2004 MAERTENS1022 In a recent Newsweek poll, 38 percent of respondents thought President Bush would reinstitute the draft if reelected. In a Time poll, 42 percent expected a draft. Both polls were taken before John Kerry raised the issue. The president has adamantly denied the draft story. He has even asserted that reelecting him is the best way to prevent a new draft. Bush is speaking out of both sides of his mouth on the issue, however: He portrays himself as more intent on prosecuting the war in Iraq than Kerry, which would logically make a draft more likely. Are Bush's campaign promises credible? In the 2000 campaign George W. Bush said that he would support allowing Americans to buy prescription drugs from Canada, he would not raid the Social Security Trust Fund, and he would veto temporary storage of nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain. He broke all three promises. In the same campaign Bush said that he would not only balance the budget but pay down a record amount on the national debt. He also claimed he opposed government intervention regarding same-sex marriage. He said the nation would have a $5.6 trillion surplus and that he would have a humble foreign policy. Does anybody remember those whoppers? In the 2000 campaign, Bush said that he opposed nation-building, that he would end partisan bickering in Washington, and he blamed Bill Clinton for high oil prices. Whom would he blame for $55-per-barrel oil today? Now Bush says that he plans to fight the war in Iraq with an all-volunteer force. This sounds like a faith-based, or maybe hope-based, policy. It's common knowledge there aren't enough troops to maintain security in Iraq, much less to reverse the military deterioration. Two-thirds of U.S. servicemen polled by the Annenberg Public Policy Center recently said they believed President Bush "had underestimated the number of troops needed in Iraq." In other words, count on more troops -- after the election. The Army has 33 combat brigades. Typically, two-thirds are stationed in the States and one-third overseas. Because of Iraq the situation is reversed and two-thirds are now stationed outside the country. All have been rotated into combat in Iraq or Afghanistan at least once, and some have served two tours there already. Reserve and National Guard units have been used to make up the shortfall, constituting almost 40 percent of the troops on the ground at present. The manpower shortage is sufficiently acute that thousands of Guard and Reserve soldiers have been prevented from leaving the supposedly all-volunteer force when their enlistments are up. This is a "back-door draft," the administration's stopgap solution, at least until after the election. Such coercive policies, predictably, are driving retention rates down. This makes a draft even more likely. The Army Research Institute projects that only 27 percent of Guard and Reserve soldiers intend to reenlist -- an all-time low. The Army National Guard fell nearly 10 percent short of its 2004 recruiting goal of 56,000 enlistees. In addition, many former soldiers mobilized under a special program have refused to report; they've been to Iraq and don't want to go back. The pool of young people who have committed to join the Army next year is only 18 percent of the total required. The United States maintains troops in 130 countries, including 146,000 combat troops in Iraq and 9,000 in Afghanistan. We also have 119,00 military personnel in Europe, 43,000 in Japan, 37,000 in Korea and other forces elsewhere. To maintain these commitments while continuing to rotate troops out of Iraq every 12 months stretches our forces to the limit. The present level of combat in Iraq is unsustainable with our current forces. Maybe Bush sees a light at the end of the tunnel. The head of the Selective Service told CBS News that he could start drafting people quickly. "I think we could do it in less than six months if we got the call," said Selective Service Director Jack Martin. Bush says there won't be a draft to fight the war in Iraq while he is president. Unfortunately, his credibility on Iraq is no better than his record on campaign statements. Anyone who can read now knows that the administration's claims about WMD and about Saddam Hussein's ties to 9/11 and Al-Qaida were false. The assurances that we would be welcomed as liberators and could use Iraq's oil money to finance reconstruction were patently absurd. It is public knowledge that the administration used forged documents and phony intelligence to claim Saddam was pursuing nuclear material from Niger and specialty aluminum for centrifuges. Vice President Dick Cheney continues to claim that Saddam protected Abu Nidal, supposedly proof he supported terrorists, even though Saddam had had Abu Nidal assassinated well before the U.S. invasion. To make the same point, the administration routinely claims that Abu Musab al-Zarqawi was working with Sadddam even though the evidence is that Al-Zarqawi came into Iraq after the invasion. The administration's litany of misrepresentations and outright falsehoods on Iraq is so pervasive that nothing it says can be taken at face value. Yes, George Bush says there will be no draft while he is president, but don't bet your life on it. Tom Maertens' writing on national security issues can be seen at www.tommaertens.com [http://www.tommaertens.com] . Return to top Story tools Email this story +http://www.startribune.com/stories/ [Star Tribune] © 2004 Star Tribune. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 6 CS Monitor: Battle for the 'Cactus Corridor' | csmonitor.com from the October 22, 2004 edition [(Photograph)] As electoral votes line up, Bush and Kerry fight over how to win in a changing West. By Liz Marlantes | Staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor LAS VEGAS  Walter and Louanne LeBeau remember a time when most of their neighbors were conservative like them. Staunch supporters of President Bush, the LeBeaus back his tax cuts and support him on "the moral issues." While they have questions about Iraq, they feel Mr. Bush is the best candidate to "get this thing settled," says Walter, who works for a car company. Help the Monitor bring you insightful, global news coverage by donating now. Please support independent journalism [http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmdonations?D-InStorySupportIJ End] . But lately, "we feel like we're in the minority," says Louanne, eating at an In-N-Out Burger on the outskirts of Las Vegas. Over the past few years, many Californians have moved into the area, she says, bringing more liberal views with them - and turning this once reliably Republican state into one of the most competitive battlegrounds in the nation. With fewer states in play as the race enters its final days - and whole regions of the country now largely uncontested - the campaigns are still focusing intently on no fewer than three Western states: New Mexico, Colorado, and Nevada. It was no accident that Bush and Sen. John Kerry both went to Las Vegas after their third debate; in the past week alone, Nevadans have also been treated to visits from Laura Bush and Elizabeth Edwards, with Senator Kerry scheduled to stop in Reno again Friday. The competitiveness of the "Cactus Corridor" was foreshadowed in 2000: Despite all the attention paid to Florida, New Mexico was the most narrowly decided state, with Al Gore squeaking out a surprise win by just 366 votes. Driving that victory was a churn of demographic change - including an influx of retirees, young workers, Hispanics, and military families - that has been reshaping the face, and increasingly the politics, of the entire region. And Nevada is the fastest-growing state of them all. During the 1990s, the Silver State grew by an astonishing 67 percent; since 2000 alone, it has gained some 200,000 new residents - making its political leanings harder and harder to predict. After voting Republican in every presidential election since 1968, Nevadans narrowly went for Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996 (in part because of strong support for Ross Perot). This year, most analysts tend to give Bush a slight edge - he won here in 2000, albeit by a mere 22,000 votes, and most polls have shown him holding onto a slim lead. But nearly everyone agrees the results will hinge on how many new residents show up to vote. "Ultimately, it comes down to turnout," says David Damore, a political scientist at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV). "If the Democrats can get their newly registered voters to the polls, they have a chance of winning." Stark dichotomies and clashing views Like most battleground states, Nevada is highly polarized - and for both sides, winning means generating high turnout in their strongholds to offset losses elsewhere. Bush's strongest support comes from the rural parts of the state, among ranchers and miners who typify Nevada's longtime antitax, antiregulation conservatism. Kerry's chances, on the other hand, lie in Clark County, which includes Las Vegas and holds some two-thirds of the state's total population. It tilts slightly Democratic - though not overwhelmingly so. "The state is really tight right now," says Sig Rogich, a longtime Republican strategist. He estimates that Bush will gain a plurality of at least 70,000 votes from the rural parts of the state - "which means Kerry would have to beat Bush in Clark County by 12 or 13 percent" to win overall, a task Mr. Rogich sees as difficult but not impossible. Yet even within Las Vegas, the political dialogue seems unusually stark - reflecting the nation's mood, perhaps, but also the effects of a community of newcomers, in which most political views were shaped elsewhere and now seem to clash rather than meld. Sitting two booths away from the LeBeaus at the In-N-Out Burger, Irwin and Annette Foster offer a sharply different take on the presidential campaign. Retirees from Los Angeles, they think the UN needs to take a bigger role in Iraq, are aghast that the administration "outsourced" the manufacturing of the flu vaccine, and offer a ready list of things they dislike about Bush: "His lack of knowledge," Annette says. "His refusal to admit when he's wrong," says Irwin. "He's the first president in my lifetime that I don't trust." With early voting already underway, both sides are doing what they can to ratchet up intensity even further. Along with candidate stops, there have been visits by surrogates - including filmmaker Michael Moore, who held a rally last week at UNLV. Events are playing on emotions, too: Local headlines have been dominated by a recent scandal involving a voter-registration firm that allegedly tore up Democratic registrations. A strong sense of who they want Interviews with voters in and around Las Vegas turn up almost no one who's undecided - though a few have switched allegiance from last time around. Pushing their two daughters in a stroller at a weekend art festival in Summerlin, Denise and Tim Haines say they both voted for Bush in 2000 - but are strong Kerry supporters now. Denise has gone so far as to coordinate a "Moms for Kerry" rally in the area. The 2000 election was the first time she had voted, she explains, and among her colleagues, it seemed like "there were just so many people that were going for Bush," that she went along with them. But since then, both she and her husband have become disillusioned with Bush's policies, from the war in Iraq to his opposition to stem-cell research. Indeed, they express suspicion of the president's motives and intentions. Both believe the draft will be reinstated if Bush wins, and they raise questions about his family's ties to Saudi Arabia. Tim criticizes the way the president handled the aftermath of 9/11 - including allowing Osama bin Laden's relatives to leave the country. "Everyone watches 'C.S.I.' - and crime scenes are handled a certain way," he says. "Why wasn't this handled that way?" Others are just as firmly in the president's camp. Watching her daughter cheer for the football team at Meadows school, Cheryl Smelser says she supports Bush for his belief in "faith and family," as well as for his stands on most issues. She believes the president has done a good job protecting America from terrorism - "we haven't had any more incidents since 9/11, so we're doing something right," she says. And she backs him on domestic issues: A nursing assistant who is currently without health insurance, she says that while she knows she "might benefit" from Kerry's healthcare plan, she thinks it would be bad for the country - and unaffordable. "Somebody's got to pay for it somewhere," she notes, suggesting higher taxes would be the end result. As in much of the country, the top issues for voters here are national ones - the war, or healthcare, though they resonate slightly differently. With so many veterans and military families in the state, support for Iraq has stayed above 50 percent here, likely boosting Bush's chances. Likewise, unemployment hasn't been a problem - aside from a slight dip in tourism after 9/11, Nevada has had one of the best economies in the nation. Healthcare is an issue for many here, but often seems to play along party lines. Some local issues might factor into the equation - most notably, Yucca Mountain. Bush's decision to go forward with plans to store nuclear waste at the site 90 miles outside Las Vegas has been seen by some residents here as reneging on a promise. (During the 2000 campaign he said he would wait for a scientific seal of approval). Mr. Rogich cites Kerry's call for a tax on mining - a plan that local newspapers have said would cost the state some 40,000 jobs - as a motivating issue in rural areas. There's also a ballot measure to raise the minimum wage, which some believe could drive more Democratic-leaning voters to the polls. Yet overall, voters seem far more focused on the broader national themes, or on the candidates' personal traits, with many expressing strong opinions about the characters of both men. What's still unclear is what impact this disparity of views will have on turnout. Certainly, stronger feelings among partisans on both sides could produce higher numbers at the polls. Yet in a place as transient as Las Vegas, the lack of a coherent thread tying the community together can also lead to a lack of civic participation - and lower voting rates. That's particularly true among the more Democratic-leaning voters, people like single working women, or minorities, who often are among the least ensconced in the community. The biggest question mark on that front, analysts agree, is the Hispanic vote - the fastest-growing minority population here, and one that both parties have made huge efforts to reach, although Hispanics tend to lean Democratic. Significantly, Nevada is using touch-screen voting machines for the first time this year, and offering ballots in both English and Spanish. Still, it's unclear how many Hispanics will actually vote. On the first day of early voting last weekend, over a few hours at Las Vegas's Meadows mall, large groups of Hispanics wandered in and out of shops - but only a handful were spotted among the lines of would-be voters. Special Offer: Subscribe to the www.csmonitor.com | Copyright © 2004 The Christian Science Monitor. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 7 Nuclear Nightmare* By Robert Samuelson Date: Thu, 21 Oct 2004 19:03:16 -0700 ----- Original Message ----- From: "FoE Sydney - Nuclear Campaign" <nonukes@foesyd.org.au> washingtonpost.com* <http://www.washingtonpost.com/> *Nuclear Nightmare* By Robert Samuelson Wednesday, October 20, 2004; Page A27 The world now has about 20,000 nuclear weapons; there were once 65,000. It must be counted as a major miracle of the modern age that in the 59 years since Hiroshima and Nagasaki none of them has been used in anger. With hindsight, history may conclude that the major threat facing the United States -- and the world -- in 2004 was not the war in Iraq or the immediate danger of terrorism. It was the impending breakdown of the global system that for six decades kept nuclear holocaust at bay. Put differently: Despite this campaign's focus on Iraq and terrorism, the next president's major foreign policy problem may involve what can be done about Iran and North Korea. North Korea already claims to have nuclear weapons; estimates are from six to eight, though the claims and estimates could be wrong. Iran denies pursuing nuclear weapons, but its denials are doubted by outside experts and undermined by Iran's incomplete compliance with nuclear inspections. There are now eight nuclear powers: the United States, Russia, China, India, Pakistan, Israel (suspected), Britain and France. The danger is not mainly increasing that number by two. It is that if North Korea and Iran gain nuclear weapons, other countries -- possibly many of them -- would ultimately go nuclear. Then, every nuclear danger would rise dramatically: miscalculation, preemptive attacks, theft, a global market in weapons technology, and use by terrorist groups. Since the 1950s, a two-part system has prevented nuclear horror. The first is "mutual assured destruction." The Americans and Soviets didn't attack each other, because both knew they faced annihilation. Over time, other safeguards (the Washington-Moscow "hotline," for example) emerged to minimize miscalculations. One side effect was that, aside from Britain and France, few advanced countries that could have developed nuclear weapons did so. Most lived under the U.S. nuclear umbrella. If they were attacked, they knew (or thought) the United States would retaliate. The second pillar is the 1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). This now commits five major nuclear powers (the United States, Russia, China, Britain and France) not to transfer weapons technology to other countries. All other signatories, numbering more than 170, disavow nuclear weapons and permit inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency. North Korea and Iran signed the NPT; India, Pakistan, Israel and Cuba did not. If North Korea and Iran go nuclear, this system would be in tatters. The NPT would seem toothless, and the residual self-restraint of "mutual assured destruction" might evaporate. Would Japan (or South Korea) trust the United States to retaliate against North Korea? Doubts might inspire Japan (or South Korea) to go nuclear. Would Indonesia, Asia's third-largest country, want nuclear weapons? If Iran went nuclear, would Turkey, Egypt or Saudi Arabia follow suit? Would Europe want a bigger nuclear arsenal? The point: If North Korea and Iran permanently go nuclear, we will cross a threshold with unpredictable and frightening consequences. Unfortunately, it's unclear how we can prevent this. Airstrikes can no longer eliminate North Korea's nuclear weapons because, as Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute says, "we don't know where they are." Military strikes might have worked in the early 1990s (eliminating the capacity to produce weapons), but the risk was that North Korea would attack South Korea. In their book "Crisis on the Korean Peninsula," Michael O'Hanlon and Mike Mochizuki report that the North Korean military has 1.1 million troops; 12,000 artillery pieces, 500 of which can hit Seoul; 500 ballistic missiles; 20 tunnels under the South Korean border; and 5,000 tons of chemical weapons. "North Korea would probably begin any war with a massive artillery barrage of South Korean and U.S. positions . . . and likely of Seoul itself," they write. "Chemical weapons might well be used." American airstrikes -- or perhaps Israeli -- might destroy Iran's bomb-making capabilities. But at what cost? Iran might retaliate by sponsoring anti-U.S. terrorism. After an attack or economic sanctions, it might curb oil production. It's not obvious (to me, at least) whether George Bush or John Kerry could best handle the nuclear threat. Britain, France and Germany have urged Iran to abandon plans to enrich nuclear fuel (from which bombs can be made) in return for assured fuel supplies for its reactors and pledges of economic aid. Kerry has endorsed such an approach, and the Bush administration has backed it, through skeptically. Kerry might work better with the Europeans and Iranians (whom he hasn't labeled part of the "axis of evil''). The case for Bush is that he's scarier. Iran might accept a diplomatic solution if it stood to lose its nuclear facilities through airstrikes. On North Korea, O'Hanlon and Mochizuki suggest a similar bargain. North Korea surrenders its weapons and submits to inspections; in return, it receives security guarantees from the United States, diplomatic recognition and economic aid. The idea is to bribe a country from going nuclear. Operating on that theory, the Clinton administration signed a less far-reaching agreement with North Korea in 1994, but the North Koreans ultimately cheated. None of these bargains will work if either country's true aim is to possess nuclear weapons and not simply use them as negotiating chips. Bush and Kerry haven't debated these issues in detail, because each realizes that the victor's practical choices are bleak. If there's any hope, it lies in this paradox: A country with nuclear weapons enhances its power enormously -- and its chances of annihilation. The next president must somehow convince the North Koreans and Iranians that they are taking themselves, and everyone else, down a path of madness. © 2004 The Washington Post Company ***************************************************************** 8 Independent: Nuclear fallout October 20, 2004 Council told Dineh not being compensated for exposure By Kathy Helms Diné Bureau SHIPROCK  On Dec. 10, 1967, in a sandstone formation approximately 4,240 feet down in the San Juan Basin near Farmington, El Paso Natural Gas Co., the Atomic Energy Commission, and the U.S. Interior's Bureau of Mines exploded a 29-kiloton nuclear device. The joint venture, known as the Gasbuggy experiment, was part of Project Plowshare and was designed to test the feasibility of using nuclear explosives to stimulate the production of natural gas in tight sandstone formations, which otherwise was not economically viable. The explosion produced a cavity approximately 80 feet wide and 335 feet high. That cavity filled with natural gas, as apparently had been the plan; however, the gas was too radioactive to be distributed commercially by public utilities. Radioactive rain Gasbuggy produced up to 295 million cubic feet of gas which news reports indicate were burned off through 1973 during production tests. But burning, or "flaring" the contaminated gas did not get rid of the radioactivity, which fell to earth downwind of the Gasbuggy site in the form of radioactive tritium, Iodine 131, Cesium 137 and Krypton-85. The Farmington-area nuclear test was just one of many that sent radioactivity raining down in the vicinity of the Navajo Nation. As early as April Fool's Day in 1952, a cloud from a 1-kiloton nuclear test dubbed "Able" sent radioactive elements 16,000 feet into the air before they settled on a portion of the Navajo Reservation in Utah and around Mexican Hat. Another test, this one a 31-kiloton weapon, was detonated April 22, 1952, and sent radioactivity 42,000 feet into the air before it landed on the Zuni Reservation, Grants, the Grand Canyon and Flagstaff, according to Richard L. Miller, a Texas author who has chronicled the decades of nuclear testing in his book, "Under the Cloud." Between 1951 and 1963, the U.S. government conducted more than 100 above-ground atomic tests at Nevada Test Site. Despite evidence that fallout has reached the Navajo people and others residing in the paths of the blasts, only 12 Navajo "Downwinders" have been compensated under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act seven living and five deceased, according to Phil Harrison, longtime advocate for uranium victims. A plaque in Carson National Forest in New Mexico marks the site of ground zero and warns against excavating, drilling, or removing materials from surface level to 1,500 feet down within a 100 foot radius. The plaque issues similar warnings from 1,500 to 4,500 feet down within a 600-foot radius. The nuclear device detonated in Gasbuggy was designed by Lawrence Livermore and marked the beginning of Livermore's work with the U.S. oil and gas industry. Since Gasbuggy, in the 1970s and 1980s laboratory researchers conducted large-scale demonstrations of in-situ coal gasification and oil extraction from shale. Harrison was one of several "advocates" displaced this past April after the feds directed that anyone helping file a claim for a uranium victim or downwinder must either be an attorney or certified by the tribe. Since that time, he has teamed up with a Colorado legal firm to continue helping radiation victims. Compensation disparitiesFor uranium workers and downwinders, there are extreme disparities in compensating uranium victims, some of which might be attributable to cultural injustices, Harrison said. "What we have found out, too, was there were 7,785 downwinders (nationally) that were approved. There's 2,479 that were denied, and 1,527 that were pending. Over all, there are 840 uranium workers that got paid; 754 were denied and 306 are pending. That brings us around to only 12 downwinders from the Navajo Nation who got paid, for 3 percent," Harrison said. "Also, if you look at the 840 approved we have over 5,000 uranium cases right now, that's like 20 percent that got paid. So to me, we have a problem with the legislation. That just tells us that we have a legitimate concern, we have the public outcry. It just makes sense that the Navajo Nation needs to change these numbers. If we had numbers more than 70 percent, I wouldn't be hanging around here," he said. Harrison was among a delegation of Navajo Nation representatives who participated in a roundtable discussion in Washington, D.C., three weeks ago to address uranium issues plaguing the Nation. The roundtable discussion was hosted by Arizona Rep. Rick Renzi, R-1st District. "I think the trip was worth it. What we wanted to hear, I think is what we heard. Now, in order for this to move, the plan is to get it on the Navajo Nation Council agenda. We missed it by two days, getting it on the fall agenda," Harrison said. Now, introduction will have to wait until winter session. Banning uranium miningNavajo Nation President Joe Shirley Jr., during his State of the Nation speech to council on Monday, called for an end to uranium mining on Navajoland and said he is looking forward to seeing legislation which would address the problem. Resources Committee Chairman George Arthur, who represents Burnham/San Juan/Nenanezad Chapters, told the president and council that he has legislation in the works which would prohibit further uranium mining. "It's just about finalized and ready for me to put into the review process or referral process," Arthur said Tuesday afternoon during the second day of council's fall session. "I have had a strong position for many years in respect to the uranium development in or around the Navajo Nation. I think that we need to send a strong message to individuals that have a desire to seek economic fortunes on Navajoland by virtue of developing uranium resources, "I don't believe that we can support those type things and at the same time go to Congress or to national leadership and advocate for the wrong that was done to our people," Arthur said. "I don't think the Navajo Nation's leaders can consciously support any of those economic developments because our loss is too great and too devastating to offset the economic impacts. That's how strong I feel about it." Harrison said that in order for and legislation to work, to amend the list of illnesses compensated under RECA and to increase coverage for downwinders and uranium workers, that the Nation would need the support of congressional members and the grass roots people. "We have the grass roots support. The Navajo people are aware of what's going to happen and what needs to take place and they're looking forward tochanges in the legislation. Now, the council has to deliver. The council hasto listen to the report and then act on it. "One of the recommendations that we are looking into is to hire a lobbying firm and to also seek funding," Harrison said. "I don't know how it's going to go from there, but we probably will be looking back at Renzi and Tom Udall to sponsor legislation." Should Renzi not be returned as 1st District representative, Harrison said, "that would set us back." Wednesday October 20, 2004 Selected Stories: Kerry's sister accepts Council endorsement Nuclear fallout Lawmaker urges district to bus in students School district explains legal fees Nation, Utah schools take a stab at fixing classes again Milan scares up spook house for Halloween Deaths | Home | Daily News | Archive | Subscribe | Please send the Gallup Independent feedback on this website and the paper in general. All contents property of the Gallup Independent. Any duplication or republication requires consent of the Gallup Independent. Send questions or comments to gallpind@cia-g.com [gallpind@cia-g.com] ***************************************************************** 9 BBC: Iran to continue EU nuclear talks Last Updated: Thursday, 21 October, 2004 [Preliminary installation of a turbo generator at Iran's Bushehr nuclear power plant] Iran denies claims that it wants to build nuclear weapons Iran says it will continue a dialogue with three European countries, after holding talks with them in Vienna on concerns over its nuclear programme. In closed-door talks Britain, France and Germany offered incentives to Iran to give up its plans to enrich uranium. An Iranian official said Tehran will consider the European offer, but gave no sign it is about to accept. The meetings took place a month before the UN rules on whether or not the country is co-operating. Sirius Naseri, a spokesman for the Iranian delegation said the talks were in the initial stages and had taken place in a good atmosphere. "We will go back to our capital to try to find a compromise which is acceptable to both sides," he said. Iranians' nuclear views Iran's press stands firm Abandonment of enrichment - a key process for the production of atomic bombs - is a central demand on the European side. The United States has led international concern over Iran's intentions, questioning why a country rich in oil and gas deposits would require nuclear energy too. The BBC's Kerry Skyring in Vienna says Western diplomats close to the talks say there is not much hope Tehran will suspend its enrichment programme. Reactor offer Foreign ministry officials from the three European countries met an Iranian envoy at a secret location in Vienna to avoid media attention. The Austrian capital is home to the International Atomic Energy Agency, due to rule on 25 November on the level of Iran's co-operation. A negative decision could lead to the issue being referred to the UN Security Council with the threat of sanctions. [Iranian Shahab-3 missile at a military parade in Tehran] A day before the talks, Iran tested a missile thought nuclear capable According to a document leaked to news agencies, incentives likely to be offered on Thursday include an offer of nuclear technology such as a light-water reactor in return for proof that Tehran is not covertly trying to build weapons. The US state department has queried the wisdom of offering Iran - which largely relies on Russia for its programme - further new technology. Speaking to reporters, spokesman Richard Boucher remarked: "We don't see the economic or any other rationale for a country like Iran to try to generate power with nuclear energy, given that... they flare off way more gas every year than they could get energy from nuclear power plants of the kind that they're talking about." Iranian President Mohamed Khatami has been saying his country will render any kind of co-operation to prove to the outside world it is not moving towards a weapons programme. But he said his country's "legitimate rights... to nuclear technology" had to be respected. ***************************************************************** 10 PTI: India to lease N-submarine from Russia By: PTI October 21, 2004 Moscow: India is to lease a multi-role nuclear submarine from Russia for 10 years under a deal signed earlier this year, according to the defence industry sources. "The two nations have inked the deal for the 10-year lease of the submarine of project 971 (Nato name Akula-II)," Itar-Tass reported, quoting unnamed defence industry sources. The Akula-II class third generation nuclear powered submarine was inducted by the Soviet Navy in 1984 and is said to be superior to the deadly US 'Los Angeles' class nuclear submarines. According to Itar-Tass, a similar N-submarine "Vepr" (Boar), built in 1996, recently took part in the first ever war games with France. The submarine to be leased by India is a Project 971 'Nerpa' (Sea Seal) nuclear submarine, which is being constructed at the Amur ship building facility, Komsomolsk-on-Amur town right across the Chinese border. "It is 85 per cent ready right now," another source was quoted as saying by Interfax agency. India and Russia had agreed on the leasing deal at the beginning of this year, Interfax reported, quoting an unnamed official. The submarine is expected to be ready by 2007. An Indian crew will then arrive in Russia for the training. According to experts, India would be paying tens of millions of dollars annually for the lease. In 1990s, India and Russia had agreed on a package to boost Indian Navy's blue water capability, which included the simultaneous acquisition of Admiral Gorshkov aircraft carrier, lease of two Akula class nuclear submarines and four Tu-22M3 (Nato name Backfire) strategic bombers. In January last, the two countries had announced inking of Gorshkov deal in New Delhi paving the way for progress on other components of the package. Voices | 25th Anniversary © 2004 Mid-Day Multimedia Ltd. [http://www.middaymultimedia.com/] All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 11 Xinhuanet: IAEA to accept Brazilian proposal over nuclear inspections www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2004-10-21 10:01:44 RIO DE JANEIRO, Oct. 20 (Xinhuanet) -- Brazil believed that the conditions it proposed for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to inspect a uranium-enrichment plant in the southeastern part of the country had been satisfactory to the inspectors, Brazilian officials said Wednesday. Three IAEA inspectors visited the nuclear-fuel plant in Resende,Rio de Janeiro state, on Tuesday, but they only saw tubes and valves leading to the centrifuges. All the conditions proposed by Brazil were met and the IAEA experts did not present new demands for access to the centrifuges,a key element in an efficient uranium enrichment process solely developed by Brazil, said officials of the Brazilian Nuclear Energy National Commission. Under the proposed conditions, the UN nuclear agency could inspect the natural uranium and the enriched uranium at the Resende plant through checking ducts and pipes so as to ensure that the material is not for other uses. Uranium enriched to low levels is used for fuel to generate power, but more highly enriched, weapons-grade uranium can be usedto produce nuclear bombs. The inspectors from South Africa, France and the United States will submit a detailed report to the Vienna-based IAEA, which willmake a decision on the inspections in Brazil within 30 days. Defense Minister Jose Viegas said on Tuesday that Brazil is calm as the "visit of the IAEA mission proves Brazil has nothing to hide in nuclear material." For almost a year, the IAEA has been discussing with the Brazilian government conditions for access of inspectors to its nuclear facilities. Brasilia said it wants to keep secret the advanced technology at the Resende plant, which can not start operation without IAEA permission. Enditem Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 12 NRC: Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment and Finding FR Doc 04-23562 [Federal Register: October 21, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 203)] [Notices] [Page 61874-61875] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr21oc04-142] of No Significant Impact for License Amendment for Seiko Corporation of America's Facility in Mt. Olive, NJ AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Notice of availability. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Donna M. Janda, Nuclear Materials Safety Branch 2, Division of Nuclear Materials Safety, Region I, 475 Allendale Road, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, 19406, telephone (610) 337-5371, fax (610) 337-5269; or by E-mail: dmj@nrc.gov [dmj@nrc.gov] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Introduction The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is issuing a license amendment to Seiko Corporation of America (Seiko) for Materials License No. 29-19080-01, to authorize release of its facility in Mt. Olive, New Jersey for unrestricted use. NRC has prepared an Environmental Assessment (EA) in support of this action in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR Part 51. Based on the EA, the NRC has concluded that a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) is appropriate. The amendment will be issued following the publication of this Notice. II. EA Summary The purpose of the action is to authorize the release of the licensee's Mt. Olive, New Jersey facility for unrestricted use. Seiko was authorized by NRC from 1985 for possession and storage of timepieces, hands, and dials containing radioactive material at the site prior to distribution. On June 9, 2004, Seiko requested that NRC release the facility for unrestricted use. Seiko has conducted surveys of the facility and provided information to the NRC to demonstrate that the site meets the license termination criteria in Subpart E of 10 CFR Part 20 for unrestricted release. Seiko will continue licensed activities at another location. The NRC staff has prepared an EA in support of the license amendment. The facility was remediated and surveyed prior to the licensee requesting the license amendment. Therefore, the staff considered the impact of the residual radioactivity at the facility and concluded that since the residual radioactivity meets the requirements in Subpart E of 10 CFR Part 20, a Finding of No Significant Impact is appropriate. III. Finding of No Significant Impact The staff has prepared the EA (summarized above) in support of the license amendment to release the facility for unrestricted use. The NRC staff has evaluated Seiko's request and the results of the surveys and has concluded that the completed action complies with the criteria in Subpart E of 10 CFR Part 20. The staff has found that the environmental impacts from the action are bounded by the impacts evaluated by NUREG- 1496, Volumes 1-3, ``Generic Environmental Impact Statement in Support of Rulemaking on Radiological Criteria for License Termination of NRC- Licensed Facilities'' (ML042310492, ML042320379, and ML042330385). On the basis of the EA, the NRC has concluded that the environmental impacts from the action are expected to be insignificant and has determined not to prepare an environmental impact statement for the action. IV. Further Information Documents related to this action, including the application and supporting documentation, are available electronically at NRC's Electronic Reading Room at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html] . From this site, you can access the NRC's Agencywide Document Access and Management System (ADAMS), which provides text and image files of NRC's public documents. The ADAMS accession [[Page 61875]] numbers for the documents related to this Notice are: The Environmental Assessment (ML042520508), Letter dated June 9, 2004 requesting amendment (ML041610364), Letter dated July 8, 2004 providing additional information (ML042030186), and Letter from NJDEP dated July 29, 2004 (ML042290012). Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC PDR Reference staff by telephone at (800) 397-4209 or (301) 415-4737, or by e-mail to pdr@nrc.gov [pdr@nrc.gov] . These documents may be viewed electronically at the NRC Public Document Room (PDR), O 1 F21, One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD, 20852. The PDR reproduction contractor will copy documents for a fee. The PDR is open from 7:45 a.m. to 4:15 p.m., Monday through Friday, except on Federal holidays. Dated in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania this 14th day of October, 2004. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. John D. Kinneman, Chief, Nuclear Materials Safety Branch 2, Division of Nuclear Materials Safety Region I. [FR Doc. 04-23562 Filed 10-20-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 13 YubaNet.com: Wave of Nuclear Plant Relicensing "I never give them hell. I just tell the truth and they think it's hell." - Harry Truman Yucca Mountain Approval Followed by Rapid Extension of Reactor Licenses By: Environmental Working Group Action Fund Published: Oct 21, 2004 WASHINGTON — A new analysis of Department of Energy (DOE) figures shows that in the wake of the 2002 Senate vote to approve the Yucca Mountain dumpsite, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission quickly and quietly approved license extensions at nuclear reactors nationwide. The EWG Action Fund analysis shows that the rate of nuclear power plant relicensing doubled after Congress approved the nuclear waste dumpsite in Yucca Mountain. Currently there are renewal applications pending for 18 more reactors. No application to date has been denied, making it a virtual certainty that these pending applications will be approved. These plants will produce thousands of tons more waste, ensuring large or larger stockpiles near local power plants, much of which - after cooling on-site for decades - will probably come to Nevada to the Yucca Mountain dumpsite. According to EWG Action Fund, if Yucca Mountain opens for storage on the day it is proposed to, its storage space will be fully claimed. Shortly thereafter, an additional 9,000 tons of nuclear waste will be waiting to come to Yucca and even more waste will sit at plants around the country. Therefore, Congress must either expand Yucca Mountain from its very first day of operation or allow nuclear waste to continue to pile up at 79 sites in 35 states. "This analysis confirms what we suspected, but what the public was never told, that the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste site is really a nuclear expansion plan in disguise," said Richard Wiles of EWG Action Fund. Recent court decisions will require reconsideration of radiation containment standards at Yucca Mountain. Congress is likely to revisit this issue in response to the judicial action. EWG Action Fund's interactive website, available at www.ewg.org, lists each reactor around the country that has been or will soon be relicensed and for how long, along with how many tons of waste it will generate while in continued operation. Visitors to the site can see how much waste that reactor is permitted to send to Yucca, and how much will be left on site. Shipping the extra waste to Yucca will take either 6,000 more truck shipments or 1,050 train shipments through communities in Nevada. Communities near each of the power plants were subjected to an aggressive public relations campaign by the nuclear industry and the Department of Energy that pushed the idea that the Yucca Mountain dumpsite would get rid of their waste. The relicensing wave means that most of these communities will see large or larger amounts of waste sitting on site for decades before being shipped to Nevada. Copyright © 2004 YubaNet.com [http://yubanet.com] , all rights reserved. YubaNet.com [http://www.yubanet.com] ***************************************************************** 14 Xinhuanet: China, U.S. close to reactor deal www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2004-10-21 13:53:06 BEIJING, Oct. 21 (Xinhuanet) -- The White House was likely to give the nod to the first-ever sale of its nuclear reactors to China in the next couple of months, said Nils Diaz, chairman of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission on Tuesday. ¡°My understanding is that China is looking for an advanced reactor that provides graded assurance of safety,¡± Diaz said during a trip to Beijing. ¡°They¡¯re looking, I think, for something that is state-of-the-art, and the AP1000 is a state-of-the-art reactor.¡± ¡°The commission will actually vote on this issue hopefully in the next couple of months. We don¡¯t foresee any problems with the AP1000 license because most of the problems have already been solved.¡± he said. ¡°I cannot predict what the voting of my fellow commissioners is, but I haven¡¯t heard any significant opposition to the issue.¡± China had begun accepting bids to build a few new reactors, Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Zhang Qiyue said. Whether the country would buy American technology depended on ¡°the result of the bidding as well as the requirements of the Chinese companies,¡± she said. AP1000 is developed by Pittsburgh-based Westinghouse Electric, a subsidiary of British Nuclear Fuels Ltd., which applied to the U.S. regulator in February to build two reactors in China. In 1995, the company signed an agreement to provide two 650-megawatt steam turbines, considered non-nuclear systems, for China¡¯s Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant. Its archrivals in the Chinese market include France¡¯s Areva, Siemens AG of Germany and AtomStroyExport of Russia. China has nine nuclear power plants in operation with a combined capacity of 7,010 megawatts. It plans to increase capacity to about 36,000 megawatts by 2020. (Shenzhen Daily-Agencies) Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 15 Independent: We need nuclear power to save the planet from looming catastrophe Hugh Montefiore: [http://news.independent.co.uk/] I've been a Friends of the Earth trustee for 20 years, but I am told it is incompatible with being pro nuclear energy 22 October 2004 The dangers of global warming are greater than any other facing the planet. The rise in ocean levels, melting ice fields and the death in Europe of 25,000 from last year's heatwave are pointers to what may lie ahead, and the Government's chief scientific adviser has warned us that future climate change is a worse threat than terrorism. As a theologian, I believe that we have a duty to play our full part in safeguarding the future of our planet, and I have been a committed environmentalist for many years. It is because of this commitment and the graveness of the consequences of global warming for the planet that I have now come to the conclusion that the solution is to make more use of nuclear energy. This belief, and my wish to make it clear in this article, has led me to sever my ties with the campaign group Friends of the Earth. I have been a trustee of Friends of the Earth for 20 years and when I told my fellow trustees that I wished to write on nuclear energy, I was told that this is not compatible with being a trustee. I have therefore resigned because no alternative was open to me. The future of the planet is more important than membership of Friends of the Earth. The Royal Commission on Pollution and the International Panel on Climate Change has told us that a 60 per cent reduction of global warming gas emissions by 2050 has to be achieved if we are to keep the planet comfortable for life. But how are we to do this? As a first step towards this goal, our Government has set itself the target of supplying 10 per cent of electricity from "renewables" by 2010, a target, incidentally, endorsed by Michael Howard who dislikes the main means by which it is hoped to achieve this - literally thousands more highly subsidised wind turbines that will scar the landscape and coastline, to say nothing of the problems caused to radar. At present, 20 per cent of our electricity comes from nuclear reactors. But given that the Government has decided not to replace our nuclear reactors when they become obsolete, and as the chairman of the British Wind Energy Association is only confident of wind contributing 5.5 per cent of the 10 per cent required from renewables, it seems very unlikely that the Government's 2010 target will be reached - especially as steps need to be taken to ensure household and commercial economies of energy or the reduction of carbon dioxide emitted from motor vehicles. This needs to be rigorously followed up if the 60 per cent reduction of global warming gases is to be achieved in time. So our Government has further set itself the "aspiration" of 20 per cent of electricity from renewables by 2020. Yet there seems to be little idea how this second target can be achieved. Presumably by then, there will be greater household and commercial economies, and long before then cheap air travel will surely be stopped by a tax imposed on aircraft fuel. No doubt it is hoped that fresh forms of renewable energy will by then come on stream. Biomass is one kind, the burning of straw and wood (and chicken litters but not chicken feathers!). But carbon dioxide would be emitted in bringing great amounts of biomass long distances to be burnt. Solar power is unlikely to bring large-scale returns at Britain's latitude. As for wave power, marine technologies and nuclear fusion, they are nowhere near commercial viability and the chief executive of the Renewable Power Association has said there is no coherent long-term development programme. Clean coal technology with the reduction of carbon is certainly attractive, but it is very far from being commercially viable. There would be problems with yet more installation of wind turbines, which would mean further traditional sources of electricity would then be required as back-up. It might be possible by 2010 for hydrogen to be available for transport, but the making of hydrogen involves carbon dioxide, unless electricity from renewables is used. It is crucial if the world is to be saved from catastrophe that non-global warming sources of energy should be increasingly available after 2010. Petrol will begin to be in ever costlier and shorter supply, especially with the industrialisation of China. By then, oil supplies may even have peaked. Gas will become more expensive and huge supplies will have to be obtained from abroad. For security of supply as well as for the environment, it will be essential to have other sources of energy. This is why nuclear energy is the most viable alternative, but the problem is that it takes several years between a decision to build a nuclear reactor and its commercial operation. If we are to have more nuclear energy soon after 2010, we must plan now. The Government has said that it is keeping open the nuclear option, but the question remains: why aren't our nuclear reactors being replaced as they become obsolete? Nuclear energy provides a reliable, safe, cheap, almost limitless form of pollution-free energy. The Government says it is too expensive. The real reason why the Government has not taken up the nuclear option is because it lacks public acceptance, due to scare stories in the media and the stonewalling opposition of powerful environmental organisations. Most, if not all, of the objections do not stand up to objective assessment. Four hundred and forty two reactors across the globe produce 16 per cent of the world's electricity. Modern nuclear reactors are of vastly improved design, approved by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The permissible dose for reactor operatives is far less than the natural radiation in Cornwall! Then there is the problem of nuclear waste. In Britain, short-lived and intermediate wastes are safely contained in trenches of glacial clay, compacted, containerised and capped with water-resistant clay. Long-lived wastes which last for thousands of years need more extensive treatment. The total amount of these since Britain began using nuclear energy is only the size of a 10-metre cube in volume. After cooling, the waste components need to be compacted into a vitrified solid, sealed in a metallic container, together with a metallic or ceramic "overpack", and placed in stable rock at least 300 metres deep together with a backfill to minimise any water movement. How safe is this? A former natural nuclear reactor has been found in Gabon which has remained undisturbed for thousands of years. There is minimal risk of danger to posterity. The advantages far outweigh any objections, and I can see no practical way of meeting the world's needs without nuclear energy. The predictions of the world's scientists are dire and the consequences for the planet of global warming are catastrophic. This is why I believe we must now consider nuclear energy. The subject is so important that it should be a matter of informed public debate. The author is the former Anglican Bishop of Birmingham. A longer version of this article appears in 'The Tablet' tomorrow [http://www.independent.co.uk/portfolio/] ***************************************************************** 16 Al-Ahram Weekly: Dumping the nuclear option? [http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/] 21 - 27 October 2004 Issue No. 713 Egypt [http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/] Previous issue [http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/issues.htm] Published in Cairo by AL-AHRAM established in 1875 Does a 15km plot of North Coast desert hold the key to Egypt's nuclear future? 1959 file photo of the Anshass nuclear reactor In 1981, Presidential Decree no.309 announced the construction of a nuclear energy plant in Al- Dabaa on the North Coast. LE150 million was sunk into qualification testing between 1978 and 1984, which proved that the site -- located approximately 100km west of Alexandria -- was optimal. According to the project manager, an additional LE350 million has since been spent on environmental labs, training simulation, administrative matters, and metallurgical, sedimentation and other technical surveys. But no nuclear energy plant has materialised. Instead, early this month, officials from Al- Dabaa's City Council visited the site, accompanied by foreign businessmen. The buzz is that the government is planning to sell the plot to make way for tourism development. Last month, a protocol was signed with a major multinational tourism company to develop a massive area on the North Coast into a mega tourism project involving several resorts. It is yet another stage in the uncertain path towards the nuclear energy option -- a path which began in 1955 when the Atomic Energy Council was established and headed by President Gamal Abdel-Nasser himself. This led to the establishment of the Atomic Energy Organisation in 1957, and the subsequent construction of two nuclear reactors at Anshass: the first a two-megawatt facility built by the Russians in 1961; and the second a 22-megawatt facility built by the Danes in 1978. However, attempts to take nuclear energy into the realm of public use have thus far failed to materialise. In 1964, a North Coast location -- Sidi Kreir -- was chosen for a 150-megawatt plant. Westinghouse won the international bid for the project, but the June 1967 defeat before Israel put the plan on hold. The plan for a nuclear power plant was renewed after the October 1973 war, and in 1976 then Minister of Electricity Ahmed Sultan announced to parliament that a 600-megawatt plant would be constructed, and become operational by 1981. Westinghouse again won the bid, but before the signing of the contract in 1978, the US asked for the right to inspect the plant, a request denied by President Anwar El-Sadat. When pressure was later brought to bear, Egypt signed the non-proliferation treaty in 1981, and the Sidi Kreir file was conveniently shelved. Finally, in 1983, a bid for the construction of a 1000-megawatt plant in Al-Dabaa was proffered. Egyptian nuclear scientists have claimed that pressure was again applied by the Americans to halt the project, and that before the final stage of the bid process took place, the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster made it -- once again -- convenient to shelve the nuclear energy idea. According to Mustafa Kamal Sabry, former minister of electricity and energy (1968-1970) and current head of the Energy Committee at the National Specialised Councils, Egypt realised early on the importance of turning to nuclear energy. "However, partially because of international pressures, and partially as a result of behind-the-scenes local politics, we have been incapable of realising this goal." It is understood by all those concerned that a political decision has always been the necessary prerequisite for moving forward with the nuclear energy option. And while the proponents of nuclear energy are willing to wait for that to occur, they are unwilling to concede the Al-Dabaa site. "The site is optimal in terms of its location for such a project," explained Mounir Megahid, director of the Al-Dabaa Project. "There is no other site in Egypt that can replace this one. If we give up on this site, we give up on the nuclear energy option, not only for ourselves, but for future generations." Sabry concurred that "if this site [Al-Dabaa] is lost, it will make the construction of a nuclear energy plant in Egypt virtually impossible. This kind of facility requires close proximity to the sea, as well as very specific land, wind and other requirements. With the extensive construction that has taken over our coastline, it would be very difficult to find another suitable location." In an interview with London-based daily Asharq Al-Awsat this week, Prime Minister Ahmed Nazif said it was "not within the state's plan to build it [Al-Dabaa] within the current phase". He also said that those who claim that hundreds of millions had been spent on the project must review their figures. He did not, however, provide any specific figures himself. Those who argue for the development of a nuclear energy option explain that fossil fuel production is on the downslide, natural gas is by definition a finite resource, water energy in Egypt has already been used to the maximum, and other renewable energy sources are very costly. "The fact that our other energy sources are either too expensive or not everlasting means that the nuclear energy option is inevitable for Egypt," Sabry said. "Fossil fuels are best used in petrochemical industries, where they are irreplaceable," argued Megahid. He said uranium, on the other hand, had no other uses, and was thus "more efficient to use in the generation of energy and electricity". It is estimated that the power that would be generated by a nuclear plant at Al-Dabaa could be around 20 per cent cheaper than conventionally produced electricity, if current subsidies on electricity production were removed. And while some might make light of Egypt's ability to manage a safe and efficient nuclear plant, Megahid said, "we have experience in both running nuclear facilities [Anshass], and in running large electrical power plants. When we put our minds to it, we can manage large projects to the highest international standards. The Suez Canal, the High Dam and others are examples. To remain backward does not really have to be our fate." A campaign to bring Al-Dabaa and the nuclear energy debate into the public light was launched immediately following the visit made by the unknown businessmen earlier this month. But the detailed e-mail bulletins, public debates at various syndicates, and reports in the opposition press have all gone unanswered, with the exception of the Nazif interview in Asharq Al-Awsat. The prime minister said, "we adopt a policy of total transparency, and we will announce anything... they said we are going to turn the site into a tourist area; we are still studying our options." But according to one activist who preferred anonymity, "it's like fighting shadows. No official decision is announced, yet the wheels are put in motion to remove one project for another, one policy option for another. All without consulting those involved. All concerning resources and policy issues that have dire consequences for generations to come." © Copyright Al-Ahram Weekly. All rights reserved [http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/issues.htm] ***************************************************************** 17 UK Independent: Global warming row goes nuclear as bishop quits Friends of the Earth By Michael McCarthy, Environment Editor 22 October 2004 By Michael McCarthy, Environment Editor 22 October 2004 He's the nearest thing Britain has to an eco-bishop, having campaigned on environmental issues for more than 30 years. Yet now the Right Rev Hugh Montefiore, the former Bishop of Birmingham, has been kicked off the board of Friends of the Earth (FoE), the leading environmental group, for saying publicly that the fight against global warming should involve using nuclear power. The outspoken prelate, one of the most colourful figures in the Church of England, has been an FoE trustee for two decades, and chaired the group from 1992 to 1998. But in an extraordinary and acrimonious row, he has been forced to sever his links with the organisation because of an article on climate change which he has written for tomorrow's edition of The Tablet, the Catholic weekly. In it, Bishop Montefiore says that the dangers of global warming are greater than any others facing the planet, and that the solution is to make more use of nuclear energy. Nuclear does not produce the carbon dioxide (CO2) that comes from coal, gas and oil-fired power stations - global warming's main cause. In doing so he becomes the second major green figure this year to advocate a radical step that is deeply unpalatable to most of the environmental movement, which opposes nuclear power as almost an article of faith. It was first put forward in May by James Lovelock, the independent scientist and green guru behind the celebrated Gaia hypothesis (the idea that the whole earth behaves like a single living organism). Writing in The Independent, Professor Lovelock set off an international argument when he said that climate change was now proceeding so fast that there was simply not enough time for renewable energy, such as wind, wave and solar power - the green movement's favoured solution - to take the place of conventional power stations burning fossil fuels. Only a huge expansion of nuclear energy could check a possible runaway warming which would be disastrous for the world, he said. Bishop Montefiore's article for The Tablet comes to the same conclusion in a similar way. He goes through the renewable options and says he does not believe they can do the job in time. He writes: "The real reason why the Government has not taken up the nuclear option is because it lacks public acceptance, due to scare stories in the media and the stonewalling opposition of powerful environmental organisations. Most, if not all, of the objections do not stand up to objective assessment." The bishop, who says he has been "a committed environmentalist for many years," makes it clear at the outset that writing the piece is costing him his long-standing place on the FoE board. "I have been a trustee of FoE for 20 years and when I told my fellow trustees that I wished to write for The Tablet on nuclear energy, I was told that this is not compatible with being a trustee," he writes. "I have therefore resigned because no alternative was open to me." He adds stingingly: "The future of the planet is more important than membership of Friends of the Earth." Bishop Montefiore, who is retired but is still an honorary assistant bishop in the diocese of Southwark, has impeccable green credentials. In the 1970s, when he was a suffragan bishop of Kingston-upon-Thames, he was much involved with campaigns for environmentally friendly transport, and protested against Concorde and excessive aircraft movement in and out of Heathrow. He was also anti-nuclear. As Bishop of Birmingham from 1978-87 he had an agenda of helping the poor and was regarded as being very much an anti-Thatcherite. He comes from a famous Jewish family and converted to Christianity when he was a pupil at Rugby School. He has been a lecturer in New Testament studies at Cambridge, and dean of Gonville and Caius College. He declined yesterday to talk in detail about his row with FoE but he said that "of course" he felt sad about what had happened. "I have great admiration for FoE in many ways," he said. "But they don't seem to think it's appropriate to have nuclear and I do. I think it's the only way to get out of this mess." He said he had once been an opponent of nuclear power. "I was against it. I thought it wouldn't be necessary. But I've changed my view. I just don't see it [the fight against climate change] happening without nuclear." Tony Juniper, director of Friends of the Earth, said last night: "Hugh has been a very valuable member of our board of trustees for two decades, and has made an enormous contribution to Friends of the Earth's work. "But having analysed the energy choices and different options that we have as a society, we are firmly of the view that we can and should fight climate change without relying on nuclear power, and that has led - sadly - to a parting of the ways. "To have us saying one thing and a member of the board of trustees saying the opposite is clearly unworkable in practice. We can't have the organisation saying two things at once." UK Independent Ltd. ***************************************************************** 18 Scotsman: Normandy Chosen for New Nuclear Plant Thu 21 Oct 2004 "PA" France has chosen a Normandy coastal town as the site for the first in a new generation of nuclear power plants. The plant, billed as more efficient, safer and environmentally friendly than current models, will be constructed in Flamanville, on the Atlantic coast, which already has a nuclear plant. The project has drawn protests from opponents of government plans to replace ageing nuclear plants with a new generation of reactors known as the European Pressurised Water Reactor, or EPR. France’s 58 nuclear reactors produce 78.2% of the country’s electricity. However, about 30 of the reactors will be between 40 and 50 years old by 2020 and in need of replacement. Construction of the plant is expected to take eight years. If acceptable, a series of EPR plants could be built and put into service by 2020. Finland is the only other European country that has announced plans for an EPR plant. Environmental group Out of Nuclear criticised the plan and vowed protests, saying it means the nuclear industry has further “colonised†the region. The Manche region of Normandy is already home to a nuclear plant, a nuclear reprocessing factory, and a nuclear stockpiling site. ***************************************************************** 19 AFP: French plan for new nuclear plant draws fire The Associated Press, Agence France-Presse Friday, October 22, 2004 France announced Thursday that it would build the first of a new generation of electricity-generating nuclear plants in Normandy.. The plant - billed as more efficient, safer and environmentally friendly than current models - is planned for the town of Flamanville on the Atlantic coast, which already has a nuclear facility.. The project has drawn protests from opponents of government plans to replace aging nuclear plants with a new generation of reactors, known as the European Pressurized Water Reactor, or EPR.. France's 58 nuclear reactors produce 78.2 percent of the country's electricity. However, about 30 of the reactors will be between 40 and 50 years old by 2020 and in need of replacement.. Construction is due to start in 2007, with the first electricity being produced five years later, the state-owned generator company EDF said in a statement.. Built at a cost of €3 billion, or $3.8 billion, the reactor will be the first of a so-called "third generation" of nuclear power stations. The earliest "second generation" plant, at Fassenheim near the German border, went into service in 1977. Those plants have a life expectancy of about 40 years.. The "first generation" plants were the prototypes built in the 1950s and 60s.. While the pressurized water technology does not mark a major innovation, the EPR design, conceived over 10 years by Siemens of Germany and the French company Areva, is intended to provide electricity more efficiently and more safely than current models.. Electricite de France, the power utility, said the reactor should reduce the risk of accidents by tenfold and be able to withstand the impact of an aircraft flown by terrorists.. The design also means that even if there is a disaster, the reactor core will collapse in on itself to contain radiation leaks.. The EPR reactor should also generate 1,600 megawatts of electricity, compared to 900 for most current reactors, need less regular re-charging and have a life span of 60 years. . However, opponents of nuclear power say official statements about the safety of EPR are not to be believed. "The EPR reactor offers no greater guarantee against terrorism than any other reactor," said Stephane Lhomme of the Get out of Nuclear collective.. A statement by the environmental group Greenpeace said the money is being invested "in a technology that is almost obsolete for political reasons that have no connection with a rational, properly thought-out energy policy," . France's center-right government took the decision in May to press ahead with the new generation of nuclear reactors, arguing that it is the best response to the likely long-term increase in petrol prices as well as demands for a cleaner environment.. Two other sites, one in northern Normandy and the other in southeast France, had been under consideration for the project.. "On the environmental front, the reactor reinforces France's preeminence in the fight against climate change, and economically it will allow us to ensure supply and limit the effects of a rapid increase in oil prices," said Patrick Ollier, chairman of the National Assembly's economic affairs committee.. Development of the EPR is also seen as a crucial way of maintaining France's technological edge in the highly competitive nuclear energy market. . Earlier this month, President Jacques Chirac was lobbying hard in China for contracts in the country's ambitious nuclear program.. France also hopes to be chosen as the site for the future International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, which aims to develop the creation of energy through nuclear fusion by mid-century.. Herald Tribune All Rights Reserved Site Feedback [webhelp@iht.com] ***************************************************************** 20 TheDay.com: NRC Says Dominion Is On The Right Track In Planning For Aging Systems Thursday, Oct 21, 2004 By PATRICIA DADDONA Day Staff Writer, Waterford Waterford  The owner of Millstone Power Station is effectively managing and planning for the aging of its nuclear reactors, federal inspectors say  a finding that matches the claims made in the company's application for re-licensing. Dominion has applied to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for permission to extend the original 40-year licenses another 20 years  from 2015 to 2035 for Millstone 2 and from 2025 to 2045 for Millstone 3. A third reactor is closed and being decommissioned. The conclusions follow three weeks of inspections by a five-person team led by Michael Modes, a senior NRC reactor inspector for Region 1, which covers the Northeast. Modes and Wayne Lanning, regional director of reactor safety for the NRC, publicly presented their conclusions to Dominion Nuclear Connecticut on Wednesday. It's a good report card, Lanning said. About 12 residents and public officials attended the meeting. In its application, Dominion outlines how it is minimizing the effects of aging on structural components and systems in the two power plants. Dominion also defines monitoring programs meant to help prevent problems now and in the future. Corrosion and cracking in the metal materials used to build and operate reactors are two common concerns in the industry. Such degradation could lead to plant malfunctions or increase the cost of upkeep. Methods used to keep oxygen levels low in water used to cool the reactor are one area inspectors evaluated, since high oxygen levels lead to more cracking, Modes said. In the first week of inspections, Modes' team examined reactor components that would affect plant safety, such as when and how a water pump turns on, and how the company handles that function. The inspection team found no inconsistencies and was reasonably assured that equipment and systems at the two plants are working properly, Modes said. During the second two weeks, inspectors evaluated aging of the reactors with respect to existing programs; programs that have required some changes; and new or proposed programs that would be in operation during the proposed license extensions. They did not look at wear and tear on equipment, since the industry has good engineering models that predict those types of aging effects, Modes said. Instead they scrutinized such procedures as steps taken to reduce aging effects, programs for monitoring trends or immediately fixing problems, standards, corrective programs and how the company double-checks its work. The inspectors randomly chose 20 of 25 aging management programs to evaluate while in action, including chemistry control, fire protection, work control procedures. Once again, inspectors concluded that Dominion is satisfactorily handling these issues, and that data is available to verify those findings, he said. z The aging inspections are a key part of the re-licensing approval process, which is expected to conclude in July 2006. Environmental and safety reviews, which are continuing, are also part of that process. The only question from the public in attendance Wednesday was a request for clarification about the inspection process. Detailed results will be available in Reports No. 9 and 10, Modes said, on the NRC Web site at http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/licensing/renewal/applicati ons/millstone.html [http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/licensing/renewal/applicat ions/millstone.html] . p.daddona@theday.com About The Day Publishing Company 1998-2004 The Day Publishing Co. ***************************************************************** 21 EWG Action Fund Report: Nuclear Relicensing PROLONGING THE RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROBLEM Executive Summary 1. Nuclear Waste Storage Problem 2. Nuclear Waste Transport 101 3. Nuclear Waste Transport Risks 4. Ongoing Legislative/Legal Issues Map: Relicensed Reactors Table: Waste Generated via Relicensing News Release (20 OCT 04) Related News Coverage NUCLEAR WASTE IN YOUR STATE State Summaries Shipments Through Your State How Close Are You? Schools &Hospitals Near Route Train Wreck Facts Truck Wreck Facts Accident Scenarios THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) DOE Environmental Impact Statement Maps About MapScience Provided by Google [http://www.google.com/search] For Embargoed Release: October 20, 2004, 6:00 PM EDT Contact: Lauren Sucher 202/667-6982 Wave of Nuclear Plant Relicensing Will Mean Steep Increase in Local Waste Stockpiles and Shipments to Nevada Yucca Mountain Approval Followed by Rapid Extension of Reactor Licenses WASHINGTON — A new analysis of Department of Energy (DOE) figures shows that in the wake of the 2002 Senate vote to approve the Yucca Mountain dumpsite, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission quickly and quietly approved license extensions at nuclear reactors nationwide. The EWG Action Fund analysis shows that the rate of nuclear power plant relicensing doubled after Congress approved the nuclear waste dumpsite in Yucca Mountain. Currently there are renewal applications pending for 18 more reactors. No application to date has been denied, making it a virtual certainty that these pending applications will be approved. These plants will produce thousands of tons more waste, ensuring large or larger stockpiles near local power plants, much of which - after cooling on-site for decades - will probably come to Nevada to the Yucca Mountain dumpsite. According to EWG Action Fund, if Yucca Mountain opens for storage on the day it is proposed to, its storage space will be fully claimed. Shortly thereafter, an additional 9,000 tons of nuclear waste will be waiting to come to Yucca and even more waste will sit at plants around the country. Therefore, Congress must either expand Yucca Mountain from its very first day of operation or allow nuclear waste to continue to pile up at 79 sites in 35 states. "This analysis confirms what we suspected, but what the public was never told, that the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste site is really a nuclear expansion plan in disguise," said Richard Wiles of EWG Action Fund. Recent court decisions will require reconsideration of radiation containment standards at Yucca Mountain. Congress is likely to revisit this issue in response to the judicial action. EWG Action Fund's interactive website, available at www.ewg.org, lists each reactor around the country that has been or will soon be relicensed and for how long, along with how many tons of waste it will generate while in continued operation. Visitors to the site can see how much waste that reactor is permitted to send to Yucca, and how much will be left on site. Shipping the extra waste to Yucca will take either 6,000 more truck shipments or 1,050 train shipments through communities in Nevada. Communities near each of the power plants were subjected to an aggressive public relations campaign by the nuclear industry and the Department of Energy that pushed the idea that the Yucca Mountain dumpsite would get rid of their waste. The relicensing wave means that most of these communities will see large or larger amounts of waste sitting on site for decades before being shipped to Nevada. # # # EWG Action Fund is a nonprofit legislative advocacy organization based in Washington, DC that uses the power of information to protect the environment and human health. [stattrax.com] www.ewg.org [http://www.ewg.org/] is the website for both Environmental Working Group and EWG Action Fund Copyright 2004, EWG Action Fund. All Rights Reserved. Headquarters 1436 U St. N.W., Suite 101 | Washington, DC 20009 || Contact Us [http://www.ewg.org/about/contact.php] ***************************************************************** 22 Brattleboro Reformer: Delegates ask NRC to hasten VY report October 21, 2004 Brattleboro, VT By Carolyn Lorié Reformer Staff BRATTLEBORO -- Vermont's congressional delegation has asked the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to step up the release of the Vermont Yankee engineering inspection report. The inspection was completed in September and a public exit meeting is tentatively planned for Nov. 9, at which time the report's preliminary findings will be made available to the public. The full report, however, will not be available until 45 days after the meeting. In their letter, the delegation voiced support for more public and state input for the final report. "We believe that the State of Vermont and the public should have time to review the independent engineering inspection report before it is made final, and be provided an opportunity to hear from and interact with the inspection team members regarding its contents," wrote Sens. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., and James Jeffords, I-Vt., and U.S. Rep. Bernard Sanders, I-Vt. They also asked that the two parties -- the New England Coalition and the Vermont Department of Public Service -- petitioning to intervene in the Vermont Yankee uprate case have access to the report so that they can amend their petitions, if necessary. Vermont Yankee is seeking to increase its power output by 20 percent. Petitions to intervene had to be filed by Aug. 30. The state made the deadline after the NRC refused to grant a deadline extension. In its filing, however, the state maintained its right to amend the contentions, depending on the findings in the inspection report. Amendments to NRC filings must pass very specific criteria and it is unclear if the state will be able to meet those criteria. Finally, the delegation noted that the public will be barred from speaking during today's oral arguments before the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board, which is part of the NRC. The state, the coalition, Vermont Yankee and NRC officials will present arguments on whether hearings in the uprate case should be granted. Members of the public can submit comments in writing but will not be allowed to speak or ask questions. The NRC also plans to bar signs larger than 18 inches square and will not permit them to be waved or held up during the proceedings. The NRC has stated, however, that the public will have opportunities in the future to comment on the uprate, including the exit meeting on the inspection. "We expect the NRC to adhere to this promise, and ensure that the exit meeting is a participatory public meeting, allowing our constituents to learn about the results of the independent engineering assessment, to make statements, and to ask questions about the independent engineering assessment," wrote Leahy, Jeffords and Sanders. Copyright ©1999-2004 New England Newspapers, Inc., ***************************************************************** 23 NRC: NRC Staff to Meet with Energy Northwest to Discuss Columbia Generating Station Issues News Release - Region IV - 2004-04 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region IV No. IV-04-043 October 21, 2004 CONTACT: Victor Dricks Phone: 817-860-8128 E-mail: opa4@nrc.gov [opa4@nrc.gov] Officials of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission will meet with Energy Northwest management on October 28, in Richland, Wash., to discuss operational issues at Columbia Generating Station. Energy Northwest operates the nuclear plant, located near Richland. Among the issues to be discussed are three plant shutdowns in July and August involving operator performance issues. One of the shutdowns in July prompted the declaration of an Alert at the plant, the second lowest of NRCs four emergency classifications. The plant continues to operate safely, said Bruce Mallett, NRC Region IV Administrator. The company requested to meet with us to discuss steps it is taking to address operational issues that contributed to recent shutdowns. The meeting will be held at the Energy Northwest Office Complex, Walkley Room, 3000 George Washington Way from 3:00 to 5:00 p.m. The public is invited to observe the meeting and NRC staff will be available for comments and questions from the public before the meeting adjourns. Last revised Thursday, October 21, 2004 ***************************************************************** 24 AFP: France says future is nuclear with new generation of power-plants [http://www.terradaily.com/] PARIS (AFP) Oct 21, 2004 France staked its claim to remain a world leader in atomic energy Thursday by announcing that it will build the first of a new generation of pressurised water nuclear plants at a site on the Normandy coast. Construction of the EPR (European Pressurised Water Reactor) is due to start in 2007 at Flamanville near Cherbourg on the Cotentin peninsula, with the first electricity being produced five years later, the state-owned generator EDF said in a statement. Built at a cost of three billion euros (3.8 billion dollars), the reactor will be the first of a so-called "third generation" of nuclear power stations intended to take over from France's existing stock of 19 plants -- including 58 reactors -- over the next two decades. France currently produces more than 75 percent of its electricity from "second generation" nuclear installations. The earliest at Fassenheim near the German border went into service in 1977, and their life expectancy is around 40 years. The "first generation" were the prototypes built in the 1950s and 60s. While the pressurised water technology does not mark a major innovation, the EPR design, conceived over ten years by Siemens of Germany and the French company Areva, is intended to provide electricity more efficiently and more safely than current models. According to EDF, the reactor should reduce the risk of accident by ten and its double casing be able to withstand the impact of an aircraft flown by terrorists. The design also means that even if there is a disaster, the reactor core will collapse in on itself to contain radiation leaks. The EPR reactor should also generate 1,600 megawatts of electricity -- compared to 900 for most current reactors -- need less regular re-charging, and have a life span of 60 years. However opponents of nuclear power say official statements about the safety of EPR are not to be believed. "The EPR reactor offers no greater guarantee against terrorism than any other reactor," said Stephane Lhomme of the Get out of Nuclear collective. "We are investing three billion euros in a technology that is almost obsolete for political reasons that have no connection with a rational, properly thought-out energy policy," said Greenpeace in a statement. France's centre-right government took the decision in May to press ahead with the new generation of nuclear reactors, arguing that it is the best response to the likely long-term increase in petrol prices as well as demands for a cleaner environment. Two other sites, one in northern Normandy and the other in southeast France, had been under consideration for the project. "On the environmental front the reactor reinforces France's preeminence in the fight against climate change, and economically it will allow us to ensure supply and limit the effects of a rapid increase in oil prices," said Patrick Ollier, chairman of the National Assembly's economic affairs committee. Development of the EPR is also seen as a crucial way of maintaining France's technological edge in the highly competitive nuclear energy market. Earlier this month President Jacques Chirac was lobbying hard in China for contracts in the country's ambitious nuclear programme. France also hopes to be chosen as the site for the future International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) which aims to develop the creation of energy through nuclear fusion by mid-century. However the bid from the research station at Cadarache in southern France faces stiff opposition from Japan. All rights reserved. © 2004 Agence France-Presse [http://www.afp.com/] . Sections of the information displayed on ***************************************************************** 25 [du-list] "..non-combat injuries and illnesses.... now upwards Date: Thu, 21 Oct 2004 19:03:27 -0700 The Unknown Soldiers By Lakshmi Chaudhry, AlterNet. Posted October 21, 2004. The reality of the suffering in Iraq has been rendered invisible by media hype and partisan battle. One doctor, who has treated some of the thousands, speaks about the war wounded. Gene Bolles has seen more than his fair share of human suffering. Two years in Landstuhl Regional Medical Center - the U.S. military hospital in Germany that receives all injured soldiers evacuated from Iraq and Afghanistan - is no doctor's dream job, especially not if you are a neurosurgeon who specializes in brain and spinal injuries - the kind that can destroy a 19-year-old kid's life. Yet as he speaks of the shattered soldiers who were once his charge, Bolles is neither overwrought nor angry. The soft-spoken 62-year-old civilian speaks not of politics but of humanity - the terrible toll imposed by all wars, unjust or otherwise, on all involved, soldier or civilian. He speaks not of blame but of compassion and duty - our duty as a nation to pay attention and tend to the young men and women we ask to sacrifice life or limb in battle. At a time when the reality of the suffering in Iraq has been rendered invisible by media hype and partisan battle, Gene Bolles remains a steadfast advocate for the scarred, the maimed, and the tormented - whose numbers are far, far greater than what the Bush administration would like to admit. So how did you end up working at Landstuhl hospital? I am a neurosurgeon and have been in the practice for 32 years. I was approached to consider working for the Department of Defense and going to Landstuhl right after 9/11. So I took a leave of absence from my hospital and became the chief of neurosurgery in Germany. That was right at the time the war in Afghanistan began and carried through Feb. 1, 2004. Were the 9/11 attacks part of the reason why you agreed to go to Landstuhl? Sure, in part. I had been in the military years ago, during the Vietnam era. I'd had that experience. So when this came up, I felt honored to have an opportunity to go help out and do what I could. What kind of cases did you treat in Landstuhl? And these were mostly kids, right? Well, I call them that since I'm 62 years old. And they were 18, 19, maybe 21. They all seemed very young. Certainly younger than my children. As a neurosurgeon I mostly dealt with injuries to the brain, the spinal cord, or the spine itself. The injuries were all fairly horrific, anywhere from loss of extremities, multiple extremities, to severe burns. It just goes on, and on, and on. There were just a lot of serious injuries. As a doctor myself who has seen trauma throughout his career, I've never seen it to this degree. The numbers, the degree of injuries. It really kinda caught me off-guard. What about the soldiers themselves? The soldiers, initially because of how they're trained, don't think of themselves. They're thinking of the buddies they've left behind. Almost all of them don't accept the reality of what's happened to them. They're still back in the war zone. And they care about their buddies so much. And this is what makes the soldiers do what they do so gallantly - this feeling for each other. So when they get injured, they first feel guilty that they're not still back with their buddies. But then as time goes on, they realize that the price they paid for the war and then there is anger. And then there is frustration, then sadness, then depression. They realize they may never walk again or are so disfigured that the rest of their life is going to be very difficult. But when they're going through this depression, we don't write about them so much. We don't display them. We want to only look at those soldiers who have either recovered from it or those who are acting as though nothing has happened. It's because we want to look at them as heroes. And they are heroes. But it's a reality that is not talked about much. One of the soldiers interviewed in a recent documentary said that post-traumatic stress disorder is going to be to the Iraq War what Agent Orange was to the Vietnam War. Do you agree? Yes. I have talked to many people who've been in the war zone. Perhaps I had a unique relationship with these soldiers because I was not an officer but a civilian; I didn't have direct control over them. Many of them felt more comfortable in allowing themselves to talk to me. They would talk about the nervousness they constantly felt, especially after the first part of the war ended and it became more a guerilla war. And they'd get attacked while sitting around waiting for orders to come in or just driving along the road. It started driving them batty. They were afraid and unsettled - it was different from charging ahead. Many would break down talking about seeing their buddy get hurt or killed. They would even talk about the Iraqi soldiers - how awful it was, all that carnage. One guy hadn't slept for a long time because of nightmares because of what he saw early in the war, when we were killing high numbers of Iraqis. And he saw some of them got run over by tanks. He just couldn't get those images out of his mind. They talk about hearing screams of comrades or enemies or civilians, or children. To see it and be there creates a lot of reaction. Sometimes they might initially act really tough, but underneath it all most soldiers have a lot of humane feeling. They feel this horror very deeply - more than many are willing to admit. Do you think that soldiers who suffer from psychological damage get enough help? Their injuries may not look as "bad," but they've suffered terrible emotional damage because of the sheer horror of war. I've seen experienced officers break down because of what they've seen just as much as young recruits. They're covering up and carrying such deep emotions. A soldier doesn't want to show that emotion. He is fearful that if he does, others will perceive him as weak. And there is some truth to that. So even when they are going through emotional upheaval, they won't seek out help or admit that they are having these feelings. A lot of it doesn't come out until after they're discharged. Are they prepared to deal with or not? Probably not. But they are trying to do better than what happened during the Vietnam era. No I don't think they receive enough help. At the same time, I don't want to be critical of the present system. All of us are learning how to deal with this. What is important is that people need to be made aware of this issue. Rather than attack the system, I would much prefer to raise awareness of this issue and how it affects the soldiers. We're going to see as much if not more as what happened after the Vietnam War. The incidences of alcoholism, substance abuse, homelessness, inability to work, marriages that crumble, and so on. So we need to do something right now. But many of these soldiers are not included in the numbers put out by the Pentagon for soldiers wounded in action in Iraq, which is right now around 7,500. Is there an important distinction between combat and non-combat related injuries? Well, you should probably look up a military manual to get the definitions exactly right, but here's how I understand it: Say you're on duty, something blows up or you get shot, that's what they call a combat injury. But if you get in a truck accident or a Humvee rolls over you, that's defined as non-combat. So you can get a Purple Heart for the former and not for the latter. And yes, we don't hear about the non-combat injuries and illnesses. I've seen figures that are now upwards of 30,000. I know that at least 20,000 have been air-evacuated into the Landstuhl system. These are also people who have suffered doing what we as a country are asking of them. As to why they're not recognized, they seem to be of lesser importance in that they're not mentioned. I don't think that's fair. The numbers are even higher when you look at the numbers once the soldiers return to the country from Iraq or Afghanistan. According to some of the veteran groups, 33,000 have sought VA care, 26,000 have filed VA disability claims, and 10,000 have sought VA counseling. When you look at these huge, huge numbers, what do they indicate? It's just starting and it's only going to get worse. Those numbers are going to do nothing but increase. You have the physical injuries which speak for themselves. I've seen the breakdown of that 33,000 number (who've sought VA care) and they include a significant percent of spine injuries. As a neurosurgeon, I saw all the complaints in that area and I can only say that there's an overwhelming number of them. These are people in a lot of chronic pain. They're seeking help from our VA system, which is undergoing changes and is still under-funded. So these people don't get the help they really need. There's a lot of people suffering from post-traumatic stress syndrome - that number is going to go up, and up, and up as time goes on. So what is at stake in this undercounting of the casualties in Iraq - in not making clear what the toll of the war has imposed on our soldiers? I really don't know why it's not out there for all of us to see. The question is why isn't our news media reporting this night after night so the American people can know about it. If you know about it, then why isn't CNN or NBC pushing this stuff? What you see on TV and what you see in reality, is like night and day. The embedding of the journalists seemed to sterilize the war. When I heard them report, it was like it was a football game. The true effects of war are just awful. I'm now hearing estimates of upward of 30,000 in terms of civilian deaths. Let alone, all the Iraqis who have been injured. Do you get the sense with this administration that even talking about the costs of the war is equivalent to challenging it? I think wars should be challenged because they're absolutely devastating. The way it's made out is that if you're against what's happening in Iraq, you're against the present government or against the soldiers. And no, it doesn't have to be that way at all. Why does the government make these differentiations? Why do they not talk about the reality of war? I suspect it's because they don't want upset all of the people who may then turn against the war. This is a war that has been debatable from the beginning. But the soldiers don't seem to be questioning the war even though the initial reasons for the war such as WMDs have crumbled. I saw a CNN report on how many of them now see the reason for doing their job is to take care of their buddies - to make sure that everyone gets to go home in one piece. My personal feeling is that the average soldier doesn't go to war because of the country. The reality is that the reason why they fight is the community that they've been a part of in the military. They don't look at the rationale or reason for war with that degree of depth. Maybe many soldiers would argue with me, I didn't really hear that in my conversations with them. It's more about their buddies. So it makes sense that it's more so now than ever. But maybe now we're seeing some cracks. Depending on how this ends up - maybe not if the war ends better than we expect - but I suspect we're going to see a lot of anger among the GIs and veterans when they come back. How have these very emotional years affected you? I think about it a lot when I go to bed at night. I can't get it out of my head. It haunted me then and it haunts me now - the horrific, horrific injuries that these young people will now have to deal with for their rest of their lives. And I don't know if I'll ever stop thinking about them. I just feel a tremendous sadness - and that's just the way it is. I just hope everything in the world can be done to make what they have left for the rest of their lives as positive as possible. I sometimes fear that once they come back - with all the injuries and damage - they'll be forgotten about very quickly. Lakshmi Chaudhry is senior editor of Alternet [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Make a clean sweep of pop-up ads. Yahoo! Companion Toolbar. Now with Pop-Up Blocker. Get it for free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/L5YrjA/eSIIAA/yQLSAA/FGYolB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 26 [du-list] What Deployment Health teaches about DU Date: Thu, 21 Oct 2004 19:04:15 -0700 http://www.deploymenthealth.mil/downloads/CENTAF_DU_Brief.pdf Link above is 19 pages pdf PowerPoint Brief on DU. Took way long to download. My rural phone line eeks me out 14-16kb/s or rarely even 20. But worth a review. [I'm doing keyword searches for "uranium leukemia"]. The description of what DU is at beginning seems nonsensical. Elaine. [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Make a clean sweep of pop-up ads. Yahoo! Companion Toolbar. Now with Pop-Up Blocker. Get it for free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/L5YrjA/eSIIAA/yQLSAA/FGYolB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ ***************************************************************** 27 INSIDE JoongAng Daily: Depleted uranium once used in weapons [http://joongangdaily.joins.com October 22, 2004 KST 10:54 (GMT+9 October 22, 2004 ¤Ñ Representative Cho Seung-soo of the Democratic Labor Party and the environmental group Green Korea United said yesterday that the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute had produced anti-tank shells in the 1980s made from depleted uranium, alloyed with titanium. They claimed that the Ministry of Science and Technology had hidden the fact. In response, the ministry said, "We applied for an inspection waiver for development of uranium armaments and received permission in 1987." The ministry said that it has discussed the production with the United States from an early stage. The ministry said the shells were destroyed in 1989 with U.S. Embassy officials present when they no longer had commercial value. Depleted uranium is a dense, non-fissile metal. [http://joongangdaily.joins.com/faq.html] ***************************************************************** 28 Interfax: India to lease nuclear submarine from Russia Interfax.com [http://www.interfax.com] Oct 21 2004 11:12AM MOSCOW. Oct 21 (Interfax) - The Indian Navy will lease a nuclear powered submarine from Russia. "Moscow and Delhi signed a contract, according to which, India's Navy will lease a Project 971 nuclear powered submarine [from Russia] for ten years," a high ranking source at the defense manufacturing complex told Interfax. He said that the contract was signed in the beginning of 2004. The submarine to be leased is a Project 971 Nerpa nuclear submarine, which is being constructed at the Amur ship building facility, Komsomolsk-na-Amure. "It is 85% ready right now," the source said. The submarine should be finished by 2007. An Indian crew will then arrive in Russia to train on the submarine. According to independent experts, profits from the use of the submarine could be as much as tens of millions dollars a year. © 1991-2004 Interfax All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 29 CNNN: Radioactive material found in clinic chief's chair Police in Florida probing incident as possible theft and assault [http://www.cnn.com/] International Edition | (CNN) -- Police in Florida are investigating the discovery of three packets of radioactive material in the chair cushion of a Naples medical clinic administrator. Police and state health officials said the administrator sat on the chair for three or four hours, but was exposed to only low levels of radiation and should not suffer any health consequences. Nevertheless, police are investigating the incident as a possible theft and assault by a disgruntled employee. "That's what it looks like. We have to prove it now; that's going to be the tough part," said Capt. Bruce Davidson of Naples Police and Emergency Services. No arrests have been made, he said. Naples is on the southwest coast near Fort Myers. The Naples Diagnostic Imaging Center notified police last Friday that three packets of Germanium 68 were missing from a General Electric PET CT Hybrid Imaging device. Florida health officials said the radioactive materials are kept in a small, shielded container in the machine and are used to calibrate the PET scanner, a kind of high-tech X-ray device. Areas in medical facilities that use radioactive packets are required to be restricted and must be secured when people are not there, said Bill Passetti, health physicist for the Florida Department of Health. Police said there was no sign of a break-in. Officials said the estimated exposure to the supervisor was 60 millirem (mR), based on a four-hour exposure. The yearly allowable exposure is 100 mR -- or 5,000 mR for people who work in the medical radiation field, Passetti said. "It's well below any accepted limits," Passetti said. Because the small size of the source, and the fact it decays over time, "there's really not the potential to receive a dose that would be considered a health hazard," he said. But David Albright of the Institute for Science and Intelligence Security said the amount is "not a trivial amount" and could have increased the victim's chances of getting cancer had it not been discovered. "It's not guaranteed cancer, but this should be seen as the equivalent of a physical attack that jeopardized his safety," he said. [start quote] It's not guaranteed cancer, but this should be seen as the equivalent of a physical attack that jeopardized his safety.[end quote] -- David Albright, Institute for Science and Intelligence Security "Even if it was only a 10 percent increase, he should not have to suffer that. It is a malicious act that should be interpreted as somebody trying to do you bodily harm." The apparent target of the incident, Michael Conrath, the administrator of the chain clinic, said he does not know who moved the material, nor would he guess about the motive. "I'm trying to let the police do the figuring. My position is, I don't know and I'm not going to venture a guess at this point," Conrath said. As for health consequences, he said, "I'm going to undergo some medical testing so I can determine that myself. I don't know if it can be determined with any certainty." Asked if he is concerned, he said, "Not terribly. It's evidently not a tremendous amount of radiation. The state physicist is very reassuring." © 2004 Cable News Network LP, LLLP. ***************************************************************** 30 ITAR-TASS:International conference on nuclear safety to be held in city of Kurchatov 21.10.2004, 13.20 KURCHATOV (Kursk region), October 21 (Itar-Tass) - - Participants in the international scientific-technical conference, which opened in the city of Kurchatov of the Kursk region on Thursday, will discuss the experience of the Kursk nuclear power plant in the field of raising nuclear safety while exploiting channel reactors. A two-day conference “Channel reactors: problems and solutions” began in Moscow on October 19. Its technical round will be held in Kurchatov. The Scientific and Research and Design Institute of Power Engineering and the branch of Rosenergatom - - Kursk nuclear power plant with support of the Federal Nuclear Power Agency are the organizers of the conference. Apart from home specialists of enterprises and scientific and research institutions of the nuclear branch, scientists from Canada, Holland, Great Britain, Italy, Germany and Lithuania will take part in the conference. As director of the Kursk nuclear power plant Yuri Slepokon told Itar-Tass, the program of the technical round includes reports on achievements of the Kursk nuclear power plants in the field of raising nuclear safety and on the experience of the first stage of the plant’s upgrading. Participants in the conference will also visit the upgraded first and second power units, as well as the 5th power unit, which is being built now. © ITAR-TASS. All rights reserved. You undertake not to copy, ***************************************************************** 31 Scotsman.com News: Radiation dangers higher than thought Thu 21 Oct 2004 JOHN INNES TIGHTER restrictions may have to be imposed on the nuclear industry as a precaution against health risks from radioactive particles. Professor Dudley Goodhead made the prediction after it was revealed that low-level radiation from nuclear plants could be ten times more hazardous than had previously been estimated. New scientific evidence suggested that no-one could be sure about the dangers from swallowing or breathing in nuclear particles. In some cases the risk might be almost negligible - but in others, notably children living near nuclear installations, it could be ten or more times higher than experts had previously assumed. Prof Goodhead said: "It’s really for the policy makers to make that decision. They’ve got to recognise the uncertainties and say we can’t work with best estimates. "To me, that would mean tighter restrictions on some of the radionuclides [particles] that we know least about." ***************************************************************** 32 deseret news: No outright ban on nuclear waste [deseretnews.com] Wednesday, October 20, 2004 By Joe Bauman Deseret Morning News After nearly four hours of discussion and some fierce public comments, a legislative task force voted Tuesday against recommending an outright ban on future shipments of certain types of radioactive waste into Utah. A sign along U-196 near the Goshute reservation warns agains the transport of high-level nuclear waste. Douglas C. Pizac, Associated Press Present state law requires an act of the Legislature and concurrence of the governor before types B and C low-level radioactive waste can be imported for disposal. Proponents of stronger language wanted an outright ban without the option of company going to the Legislature and seeking that permission. They charged that instead of banning those wastes, present law sets up a mechanism for petitioning to import it. The joint task force on Hazardous Waste Regulation and Tax Policy nearly passed a recommendation that the tougher language be incorporated into law. By one vote, House of Representative members voted for it, and by one, the Senate members opposed. The split meant the task force could not recommend that bill. Instead, the group voted to adopt a draft report crafted over the past two years, leaving intact the present requirement. It also asks for more oversight by the Division of Environmental Quality into the record-keeping by waste handlers and more control over hazardous but non-radioactive waste. The panel recommended that mixed wastes received from the federal government should no longer be exempt from state tax. Mixed waste has both hazardous chemicals and radioactive elements. Material of this type coming from the national government is a relatively small part of the operation of Envirocare of Utah. The main battle concerned the variety of low-level radioactive waste labeled B and C grade, which are "hotter" than the A material accepted by Envirocare at its Tooele County disposal site. B and C waste are classified as low-level radioactive, but activist Jason Groenewold of HEAL Utah said, "It's not low hazard. It can be quite dangerous." A and B waste have contaminated parts of nuclear power plants but aren't as highly radioactive as spend fuel rods, he said. He contended the task force should have taken strong action on B and C waste and tightened regulatory rules. "I'm very disappointed" in the task force's action, said Sen. Patrice M. Arent, D-Salt Lake. Leader of the battle for a bill banning B and C waste, she vowed to keep fighting. "The fact is, B and C waste is banned today," said Sen. Curtis S. Bramble, R-Provo, co-chairman of the group. "It is illegal to bring it in." Bramble cited these concerns with the proposed ban: questions about the constitutionality of trying to tie the hands of future Legislatures, questions about whether the state can interfere with interstate commerce, and threats of litigation by the industry. If the existing rule isn't sufficient, he said, "then nothing else we could do, including the bill today, could make any difference." Robert Rees, the Legislature's associate general council, said he did not think a ban would pose a serious constitutional problem. Tim Barney, senior vice president of Envirocare, said the task force "took a lot of actions adverse to us. They raised our taxes, they imposed additional regulatory restraints and they drew a box around our business" concerning what kind of material Envirocare could accept. Barney said he thought panel members were sincere and cared deeply about the issues. During the debate, Rep. David L. Hogue, R-District 52, said Envirocare is not the evil empire. "We produce B and C waste" in Utah, he said. "I feel a little bad because this discussion now is aimed at Envirocare and what they're doing," said Rep. Joseph G. Murray, R-District 8. The panel has seen the company's operation and feels good about what they do with Class A waste. "But this is another ball game," he said, referring to B and C. The people, the Legislature and the governor do not want it, he added. Arent said, "I am not trying to beat up on any company. . . . I don't care what company wants to bring this in. I don't want it." Heidi Gillette, a Salt Lake mother, said Utahns expect the Legislature "to put the strongest possible language" into law, barring B and C. Also, for other waste that is accepted, she said, "we should raise the fees to the highest possible" level, consistent with what other states are doing. "We are not a dumping ground." James O'Neal, a political consultant from Provo, said the recommendation ultimately approved was "lukewarm." If the proposal was to allow gambling, task force members would be out on the street screaming and carrying placards, he said. Tax on radioactive waste is blood money and cancer money, he charged. E-mail: bau@desnews.com [bau@desnews.com] © 2004 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 33 Nevada Appeal: Kerry sets Nevada hopes on Yucca discontent Associated Press October 21, 2004 A high-level nuclear waste site 90 miles outside Las Vegas may be Sen. John Kerry's main hope for beating President Bush in Nevada. The economy may not be as potent an issue as elsewhere, not with 90,000 more jobs than when Bush took office. But a weak economy in other states reduces tourism, the key to Las Vegas' health. The state's demographics could help Kerry, because the Democratic-leaning Hispanic population is booming. But the president's team believes Bush can cut into Kerry's margins among Hispanics, and make up for any lost ground in the growing GOP-leaning suburbs around Las Vegas. Nevada is fighting the Bush administration over a decision to put a big nuclear waste site at Yucca Mountain outside Las Vegas. Kerry has voted against it. Bush supports it. Kerry says Bush's stance broke a 2000 campaign promise; Bush's campaign says the president is following scientists' best advice. Despite the controversial nature of the site, polls suggest that it's not the top issue for Nevada voters. Homeland security and the war on terror rank higher, and those are Bush's political strengths. But Kerry's team says his ratings in Nevada spike every time he visits the state and makes an issue of the dump. They plan to increase their criticism of Bush's position, using it to argue more broadly that Bush's word can't be trusted. Bush beat Democrat Al Gore in Nevada by 4 percentage points in 2000. Polls show the race this year is close, with Bush clinging to a slender lead in some surveys. The state is part of the so-called cactus caucus, along with Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico. Arizona is leaning Bush while Colorado (won by Bush in 2000) and New Mexico (won by Gore) are up for grabs. All contents © Copyright 2004 nevadaappeal.com Nevada Appeal - 580 Mallory Way - Carson City, NV 89701 ***************************************************************** 34 Las Vegas RJ: Report: Yucca Mountain to be at capacity before opening Thursday, October 21, 2004 License extensions results in more waste By KEITH ROGERS REVIEW-JOURNAL More nuclear waste than the planned repository at Yucca Mountain can hold will pile up at reactor sites as the government continues to approve license extensions for power plants, an environmental research organization claimed in a study to be released today. If a repository is built by 2010 in the mountain, 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas, its 77,000-ton capacity will be filled by existing spent fuel awaiting shipment. That's not counting another 9,900 tons that will have accumulated in the meantime from license extensions, according to the study by the Environmental Working Group. "A more realistic estimate based on the 20-year average license extensions being granted, means that over 18,000 more metric tons (19,800 tons) of nuclear waste will cross the country to Nevada for disposal than estimated," the group's report states, referring to estimates by the Department of Energy. "To accommodate all this high-level nuclear waste, Yucca Mountain will have to be expanded, and getting it there, by whatever means, will take decades longer than even the government's longest predictions," according to the study. The increased inventory of spent fuel stems from reactor license extensions that were "quickly and quietly approved" by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the group claims. The group said nuclear power plant re-licensing doubled after Congress approved the Yucca Mountain repository in 2002. There are renewal applications pending for 18 more reactors. That means there will be more waste to store at reactor sites or above-ground facilities and more risks involved with thousands of more waste shipments than DOE has calculated, said Richard Wiles, senior vice president of the nonprofit group. "The risk compounds itself, and they're not being truthful with the public about what their real plans are for the waste," Wiles said. Allen Benson, a spokesman for DOE's Office of Repository Development in Las Vegas, noted that between 2007 and 2010 the agency is required to report to Congress on the need for additional disposal capacity. In September 2002, two months after Congress approved the repository, DOE officials acknowledged there will be more high-level waste than space for it in Yucca Mountain as liquid waste in tanks at nuclear weapons facilities is converted into glass logs. Agency spokesman Joe Davis said at the time that Congress would have to decide on expanding the repository, if it's built, or finding a site for a second one. DOE figures show that once the conversion task is completed in 2035, only 8,275 glass logs out of 23,475 will fit in the repository. The cost of converting liquid waste into glass logs will be $9 billion more than the repository's $58 billion price tag. Wiles said the solution to the capacity dilemma is to stop making more waste and explore on-site storage at reactors as compared to risks involved with hauling it to Yucca Mountain. "We're not saying shut down all the reactors today because we're too dependent on them as an energy source," he said. Reliance on nuclear power can be reduced through more efficient use of electrical power and through environmentally sound operation of coal and natural gas plants until alternative energy sources are developed, he said. The DOE contends that for security reasons it's better to put all the waste at a single location rather than have it scattered across the country. Critics, including Nevada's delegation, have said that logic is flawed because some amount of spent fuel always will be at reactor sites as they continue to operate. Copyright Las Vegas Review-Journal ***************************************************************** 35 deseretnews: Matheson, Swallow cross swords [deseretnews.com] Thursday, October 21, 2004 By Nancy Perkins Deseret Morning News ST. GEORGE — Flanked by elected Washington County Republicans and other supporters, John Swallow accused Rep. Jim Matheson, D-Utah, Wednesday of misleading 2nd Congressional District voters when it comes to Swallow's stance on nuclear weapons tests. Jim Matheson John Swallow "I am opposed to any resumed testing of nuclear weapons in Nevada," Swallow said. "We cannot change the past, but we can dictate the future,"Swallow said during a short press conference held on the Dixie State College campus an hour before a scheduled debate with Matheson. "In the past, St. George was very small and no one seemed to give much thought to us," he continued. "Jim Matheson says they (the federal government) lied to us, maybe they did, I don't know . . . maybe they just didn't know. But today more than ever the destiny of this community demands change." Swallow provided a letter, which he said was signed by Republican leaders holding office throughout southern Utah, that calls on Matheson to apologize to Utahns and his opponent for trying to "scare" voters. "Your attempt to portray John Swallow as being tolerant of renewed nuclear testing is simply untrue," states the letter, which is addressed to the Utah congressman. But Matheson said Swallow is being na•ve if he believes his support of nuclear weapons research wouldn't lead to nuclear weapons testing at some unknown point in the future. "You can't have it both ways," Matheson said, adding there are many physicists and others who believe any such research would culminate in nuclear weapons tests. Michelle Thomas, a St. George resident and downwinder who has suffered from numerous cancers brought on by exposure to nuclear radiation, was tearful before Wednesday's debate. "It's awful when you become the poster child for something like this," said Thomas, who supports Matheson and his opposition to nuclear weapons research and testing. "How can Swallow say doing nuclear weapons research won't lead to future tests? The government lied to us before, and we shouldn't be asked to trust them again." The question of nuclear weapons didn't surface at the debate, which was hosted by the St. George Area Chamber of Commerce and televised on a local station. Among the questions posed to each candidate were rising health care costs, use of public lands to fund education, rural economic development, illegal immigration, and homeland security needs versus personal privacy rights. "Putting Utah's priorities first and making decisions based on the merits of each proposal before me is what I do every day," said Matheson, who outlined several bills he has supported with Utah's Republican delegation. Swallow reinforced his Republican roots and accused Matheson of voting for one thing and then voting with another group the next time around. "I think Jim is just caught in a quagmire, being in Washington. It's difficult to be a Democrat there and represent Utah," he said. "Anybody who knows me and those who support me know I am committed to strong relationships with members of my party, and even those from the other side of the isle." Reforming the nation's medical system and reigning in health care costs will take significant work from both parties, Matheson said. "We've got to step aside on partisan politics to solve this. John Swallow voted against CHIP, the state's health insurance program for children," he said. "I voted for President Bush's Medicare prescription drug card program, and I voted for tort reform. It's a complex issue and we have to come together as a country to solve this problem." It's critical to open up some of the state's vast natural resources and harvest the timber or mine the coalfields, Swallow said. "The sweet spot of our economy in Utah is access to public lands and resources," he said. "If we do not open up our public lands, and get our fair share so we can educate our children, if we don't do that, our taxes will go up." Matheson said he supports exchanging some of the landlocked pieces of state land for federal parcels, which can then be sold and developed to pay for Utah's education system. "The federal government said it would fund special education up to 43 percent, but they never have. The most they've given is 17 percent. The federal government needs to pay its share so Utahns don't have to make up the difference," he said. Swallow said he is pulling closer to Matheson in the race and expects to win on election day. "Our polls show we're within one-digit numbers of Jim," said Swallow. "I'm getting a lot of 'atta-boys' and 'It's about time,' comments from people down here who say they're glad I'm going after Jim's record." For his part, Matheson said he's proud of his work in Congress and is happy to discuss his record anytime with anyone. "I'm not really caught on one side in Washington. I'm caught on your side and that's where I would like to stay," Matheson said in his closing remarks. E-mail: nperkins@desnews.com [nperkins@desnews.com] © 2004 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 36 Las Vegas SUN: Report: Waste to exceed Yucca's limit Nuclear board extends power plants' licenses By Suzanne Struglinski < [suzanne@lasvegassun.com] > SUN WASHINGTON BUREAU WASHINGTON -- A rise in nuclear power plant relicensing since 2002, when Congress approved a repository at Yucca Mountain, shows there will be thousands more tons of nuclear waste produced than the site can legally hold, a new report says. The report, done by the Environmental Working Group Action Fund, argues that with new nuclear power production, the problem of nuclear waste won't go away, repeating an argument Nevada's congressional delegation and other critics of the site have used. "The public never really gets the full story and is never really told what is going on," said Richard Wiles, senior vice president of the Environmental Working Group Action Fund. "They are not being told the truth about Yucca Mountain or nuclear waste in their communities." He said the Energy Department claims Yucca Mountain, 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas, will solve the waste problem, but as plants renew their licenses, that just means more waste will be generated on site. He said the real way to take care of the waste is to stop licensing plants. "Then we'll know when the end is," he said. Nuclear power is part of the administration's energy plan. The Energy Department and the industry point out that federal law already aims to rectify the problem. "The law contemplated Congress would have to deal with this on an ongoing basis," said Steve Kraft, director of waste management at the Nuclear Energy Institute. "Things change. Congress will have ample time to evaluate it." Under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act, the Energy Department can only store 70,000 metric tons at the repository, but has to go back to Congress between 2007 and 2010 to say what it plans to do with the rest of the waste. It can either expand storage at Yucca or decide to create a new site. The Environmental Working Group Action Fund's report says said the Nuclear Regulatory Commission "quickly and quietly" started renewing more reactor licenses after Congress said the Yucca project could move forward. The report, titled "X Marks the Spot," found that from March 2000 through June 2002 the Nuclear Regulatory Commission extended the licenses at five power plants, beginning with the Calvert Cliffs nuclear power plant in Maryland. But from July 2002 through May 2004 the commission approved 10 similar license renewals. The report lists a state-by-state breakdown of plants with new licenses and how much more waste would be sent to Nevada. "When approved and currently pending relicensing applications are considered together more than three times as many reactors were relicensed or applied for relicensing after the July 2002 vote, than before -- 34 versus 10," according to the report. Nine power plants in seven states have renewals pending for 18 reactors. If those are renewed, they would generate 6,600 metric tons of spent fuel that would need to be stored at Yucca. The group found that 26 reactors at 15 nuclear power plants have been relicensed since 2000. They will generate an additional 9,000 metric tons of nuclear waste during their 20-year extensions. NRC spokesman David McIntyre said the commission issues multiple press releases when renewals are approved and nothing there is secret. McIntyre said there is "no explicit or implied link" between Congress's approval of Yucca Mountain and the commission's approval of applications. Congress voted to approve Yucca in July 2002. The first renewal after that was approved in March 2003, he said. All of the plants renewed after the vote also applied for their renewals well before the vote, he said. A renewal can take two years to complete in some cases. Kraft said it is "purely serendipitous" that more renewals took place after the approval. He said the commission made a determination before the 2002 vote that waste disposal did not need to be included in a renewal application because a plan already existed for it. Wiles said the finding confirmed his belief that the Yucca project is a "nuclear power expansion plan in disguise." But Kraft called that claim "ridiculous." "Yucca Mountain serves a lot of interests," he said. "Was Yucca Mountain a boost to the future of this industry? Yes, but Yucca Mountain would have been needed if this industry was going to stop. You would still need to dispose of it (nuclear waste)." The report says that "virtually none of this newly generated waste can be shipped to Yucca Mountain without a formal, legal, expansion of the repository." Kraft said nuclear power plants now hold about 46,000 tons of waste and have about 56,000 tons on site by the time Yucca is set to open in 2010. He said it would be 2030 before Yucca Mountain would reach the 70,000 metric ton capacity, but the bigger issue is how quickly the waste will be moved from the site to Nevada. "One thing we know how to do is put it in geologic disposal. We owe it to future generations to do at least that," he said. "Although there is potential for future innovations we don't know about yet, but we can't bank on it." ***************************************************************** 37 Bradenton Herald: Tallevast residents say no to county's clean-up offer | 10/21/2004 | AIMEE JUAREZ Herald Staff Writer TALLEVAST - Tallevast residents told county utility workers to take their plans back to the drawing board if they want to correct a groundwater pollution problem that's plagued the neighborhood for a little more than 40 years. During a meeting with residents Wednesday at Mount Tabor Missionary Baptist Church along Tallevast Road, county utility officials proposed using 15-feet of each homeowner's property along 16th Street East and 18th Street East to create an easement that would allow the county to properly install temporary water hook-ups. But calm began to unravel as residents questioned the county's offer. Not immediately warming up to the idea, residents asked officials to consider other methods of installing the pipes, including laying the new hook-ups along a vacant stretch of land next to a railroad line. County officials, who said they had not spoken with representatives of the railroad company, told residents it was too time-consuming to ask the railroad company to allow the county to create the new hook-ups along the company's property. Tension continued to escalate among residents as the conversation turned to cost. Some pointed a finger at Lockheed Martin, the Maryland-based defense contractor that accepted responsibility for the clean-up after it purchased the American Beryllium plant, claiming they should shoulder some of the cost. "Why are they getting off so easy?" asked resident Laura Ward. "We have to have the temporary hook-ups because of them, not because of something that we did." Tom Yarger, a project manager with the Manatee County Project Management Department, told residents that the county would have made the same request as part of the Community Development Block Grants. "What we're doing is, we're pulling a piece of the CDBG project out and doing it earlier than we anticipated because of the urgency that has expressed itself with the contamination of the wells," Yarger said. "If your wells hadn't been contaminated or the water hadn't been contaminated, then we would have been going along the same process." Private wells on the property of many homes in the Tallevast neighborhood were in close proximity to the former American Beryllium plant. Tests found that some of the wells contained poisons leaked from the plant. Resident Beverly Bradley, who voiced her concerns during the meeting, felt disillusioned at the meeting's outcome. "I don't feel like I owe Manatee County anything," Bradley said. "Manatee County owes us. We've waited this long and giving up my property is not going to be an issue or something that's going to determine whether they do this or not. We'll probably have to wait another 10 years to get the same thing they're talking about today." ***************************************************************** 38 NBC 4: Environmentalists To File Lawsuit Over Former Nuclear Site Cleanup [http://www.ibsys.com/] Current Cleanup Plan Would Cost $85 Million UPDATED: 7:52 am PDT October 21, 2004 LOS ANGELES -- Los Angeles and two environmental groups plan to sue the government Thursday, challenging the Energy Department's plans for cleaning up the site of a former nuclear testing laboratory between Simi Valley, Calif., and Chatsworth, Calif. The suit is scheduled to be filed in federal court in San Francisco by City Attorney Rocky Delgadillo, the Natural Resources Defense Council and the Committee to Bridge the Gap. The plaintiffs will hold a news conference at City Hall early Thursday afternoon to discuss the action. U.S. agencies and private contractors carried out nuclear research and tested rockets at the 2,800-acre Santa Susana Field Laboratory for nearly 40 years until 1988. The property is owned by Boeing Corp's Rocketdyne division. "The site is not very far from the Los Angeles city boundaries and contamination knows no borders. We are joining this lawsuit because the Department of Energy has failed in its duty to protect the public," Assistant City Attorney Cecilia Estolano told the Los Angeles Times. A small nuclear reactor that once helped power the Ventura County city of Moorpark experienced a partial meltdown in 1959, releasing radioactive contamination, according to The Times. Numerous other pollutants also tainted the soil and groundwater, including the rocket fuel component perchlorate, which has been linked to developmental damage in children. The Energy Department has proposed a cleanup that it says would allow the land to be safely reused for any purpose, including residential development. But environmental groups argue that the plan would leave behind 99 percent more radioactive soil than an alternative proposal, exposing any future residents at the site to higher risks of cancer. The current cleanup plan would cost $85 million, while the more thorough alternative would add $195 million, The Times reported. The suit accuses the Energy Department of failing to comply with federal environmental laws and seeks to require a more thorough assessment of contamination dangers, according to The Times. It also accuses the department of unlawfully reneging on a 1995 agreement to clean up old nuclear sites consistent with standards set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Superfund program, the newspaper reported. Copyright 2004 by NBC4.tv [webstaff@nbc4.tv] . All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. © 2004, Internet Broadcasting Systems, Inc [http://www.ibsys.com/] . ***************************************************************** 39 Daily Press: Nuclear waste storage still an issue [http://dailypress.com/] HAMPTON ROADS, VA. October 21, 2004 10:04 PM Virginia is projected to have the second most leftover nuclear waste of any state in the country. [cflores@dailypress.com] 247-4738 The debate over what to do with waste left over from nuclear power plants heated up after a report released Wednesday detailed how much used fuel will be left at sites once the nation's permanent repository is full. The Environmental Working Group said Virginia will be second in the nation only to South Carolina in tonnage of nuclear waste left over. That's because both of Virginia's Dominion Resources-owned nuclear sites, Surry Power Station in Isle of Wight and North Anna outside Richmond, already have gotten licenses to run an extra 20 years. Congress approved in 2002 a permanent spot to bury nuclear waste in Yucca Mountain, Nev. But all the space at Yucca was spoken for prior to the approval of license extensions at the Virginia nuclear sites and 13 others nationwide that will create another 20 years of waste. "You hear it wouldn't be a big deal to expand Yucca, but those discussions haven't been had yet," said Jon Corsiglia a spokesman for the environmental group. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has approved license extensions for 26 nuclear reactors at 15 sites since March 2000 and denied none. Surry and North Anna each have two reactors. Companies that own 18 reactors at nine sites also have applied for renewal. The environmental group estimates the re-licensed plants will produce almost 19 tons of new waste each year. The group said there will be at least 21,000 more tons of waste from the plants with accepted and pending license renewals. The federal government has projected that Yucca will open in about 2010 and will take deliveries of waste through 2048. The allocated space in Yucca is only enough to dispose of the amount of waste that will exist when the repository opens in 2011. There wasn't even enough room for the waste from reactors if they just operated through the end of their current licenses. "We're already at a point where Yucca Mountain will be filled to capacity by the time the waste is delivered there," said Corsiglia. "The wave of re-licensing seems to be making that problem worse." Steve Kerekes at the Nuclear Energy Institute said the Department of Energy originally estimated Yucca is large enough to accommodate about 132,000 tons. Kerekes said Congress can't get an energy bill passed in the middle of a "full-blown energy crisis," so it's not surprising or easy to understand why only 70,000 metric tons of space was approved. "This is not at the top of Congress's priority list," said Kerekes. The environmental group says the approval of Yucca encouraged more companies to get license renewals for their reactors because the waste currently on site can be disposed of. But as more licenses get renewed, the extra waste nationwide that won't fit at Yucca will grow. Dusty Horwitt, an analyst at the environmental group, sees the growing waste problem as a reason to abandon nuclear power in favor of other alternatives. The group wants Congress to move away from nuclear power by the time the current licenses run out. "There's not an ideal way to dispose of high-level nuclear waste," said Horwitt, "but we ought to stop making more of it. That's just making the problem worse." Dominion disagrees with that idea, said Dominion spokesman Rick Zuercher. There is a place for nuclear power alongside renewable energy sources like wind and solar. Dominion also has plenty of plants that burn fossil fuels, which pollute the air and have become very expensive of late. "The crux of this is where will we go in the country in terms of meeting this country's energy needs," said Zuercher. But as long as nuclear power remains in the mix, there are still some serious waste decisions to be made. Government projections of the amount of waste going to Yucca and time frame for delivery was based on an assumption that reactors will only get 10-year extensions. So far, 24 reactors got 20-year extensions and two others got 18- and 19-year licenses. Surry currently has almost 1,060 tons of nuclear waste stored on-site in an underground pool and steel cylinder casks that are about 16 feet high and 8 feet in diameter. Radioactive fuel assemblies - rods filled with uranium pellets - go into the pool to cool for at least five years. About 32 fuel assemblies are loaded underwater into each cask and a lid is put on top of the container. After the cask is removed from the pool, it is filled with helium gas, bolted down and placed on a concrete pad. "It has a monitoring device and if there is any leak of helium, we can detect it and make any repairs necessary," said Zuercher. Virginia may drop in the rankings of states with leftover waste in the future. Companies have either gotten, asked or intend to ask for a license extension for at least 73 nuclear reactors out of 103 reactors nationwide. Copyright ©2004 Daily Press ***************************************************************** 40 Guardian Unlimited: Bush faces nuclear fallout in Nevada over £60bn mountain of radioactive waste Dan Glaister in Las Vegas Friday October 22, 2004 The Guardian [http://www.guardian.co.uk] Roadworks slow progress along the strip in Las Vegas. In the distance, poking between the mock Eiffel Tower and the mock pyramid at Luxor, cranes stand out against the autumn sky, building the next phase of America's seemingly permanent boom town. But 95 miles north-east of this city, the powerhouse of Nevada with 36 million visitors a year, lies another construction site. Yucca Mountain, projected to cost around $60bn (£32.8bn), has been chosen by the Bush administration to be the nation's nuclear waste repository, set to hold the existing 40,000 tons of waste produced to date by the country's nuclear power stations. "This material is the deadliest substance known to mankind," said Peggy Maze Johnson, executive director of Citizen Alert, a local group that has campaigned against the repository. "It's one million times more radioactive when it comes out of the reactor core than when it went in." In February 2002, just over a year after taking office, President Bush recommended the Yucca Mountain site to Congress. But many voters remembered that, as a candidate in September 2000, Mr Bush promised not to approve the site until it had been "deemed scientifically safe", a formulation that is credited with helping him win the state. Four years on, and with the project stalled by legal challenges to its scientific justification, those words may come back to haunt the president in what has become a swing state. A recent poll showed that Yucca Mountain was the top issue for 3% of registered voters. "Given what's going on in this country, 3% is huge," said Ms Maze Johnson. The polls in Nevada have ranged between a 10% lead for Mr Bush to a 1% lead for Mr Kerry. In 2000 Mr Bush won the state by 3.5%, or 22,000 votes, but Nevada has changed since then. The fastest-growing state in the US in 2003, its population has risen by 300,000 in the past four years to reach 2.4 million. For this election, there will be 1.1 million registered voters, 66,000 of them Hispanics, who traditionally lean toward the Democratic party. The increase in population means that Nevada now contributes five votes to the electoral college, one more than in 2000. Accordingly, the state has become an increasingly important and hard-fought battleground in this year's electoral race. "In 2000 there was no campaign here; the Democrats conceded," said David Damore, assistant professor of political science at the University of Nevada at Las Vegas. "But this year there's been a strong effort to get new voters registered. The electorate looks very different to the way it did four years ago." While voters in the state are likely to be swayed by the same big issues as the rest of the country - the economy, the war in Iraq - Nevada is one swing state where the debate about the environment, thanks to Yucca Mountain, is being aired. John Kerry has been swift to side with opponents of the plan. In an article published in the Las Vegas Review-Journal in May, Mr Kerry accused Bush of "placing the profits of the nuclear power industry above the safety of Nevada families ... I voted against the plan to dispose of waste at Yucca Mountain," he wrote, "and as president I will fight against it." Republicans chose to use the Yucca Mountain issue as an opportunity to depict Mr Kerry as a "flip-flopper", pointing out that he had voted in favour of a 1987 bill, nicknamed the Screw Nevada bill, which authorised consideration of Yucca Mountain as the nation's repository for nuclear waste. In August Mr Kerry defended his position, saying: "Back in 1987 the idea of a national repository seemed like a reasonable thing ... [but] the more I have looked at the issue, the more I have learned about it, the less safe, the less comfortable I am with the possibility." Also in August, Mr Bush told a rally in Las Vegas: "I said I would make a decision based upon [sound] science, not politics ... and that's exactly what I did." Ms Maze Johnson said: "The president called it sound science. I call it botched science. We're not partisan, but Kerry has been with us when we've needed his vote, which isn't easy for someone from the north-east." The north-east of the US is home to the bulk of the country's nuclear energy industry. At present nuclear waste is stored on site: across the US, 161 million people live within 75 miles of temporarily stored nuclear waste. Local residents and politicians are keen to see it moved as far away as possible, and the sparsely-populated deserts of Nevada seemed as good an idea as any. Those opposed to the repository are also concerned about the transport of waste. It is, critics say, a disaster waiting to happen, mobile Chernobyls offering the perfect terrorist target. "We are a one-industry state," said Ms Johnson, referring to Nevada's dependence on tourism. "If something stopped people coming, what would that do to the economy?" At the Yucca Mountain Information Centre, videos and wallcharts trumpet the efforts to ensure that the site is safe. No mention is made of the native American name for the mountain, Moving Hill, nor scientists' nickname for it, Old Leaky. Nor is there space for a Geological Society of America report which warned that should moisture enter the mountain where nuclear waste is stored in bundles of rods, "radioactive volcanoes could form on the surface". Full coverage US elections 2004 US Election Briefing Subscribe to our free daily email and win a prize Newsblog US elections 2004 [http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/news/archives/cat_us_elections.html] [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004 ***************************************************************** 41 Arizona Daily Sun: Waste to go by truck or train to Yucca [http://www.azdailysun.com] Thursday, October 21, 2004 High-level radioactive nuclear waste slated to go to the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain will be transported by train or by truck, according to information from the U.S. Department of Energy. During the 25-year lifespan of the repository, approximately 3,200 train and 1,100 truck shipments are anticipated. The radioactive material will be placed in transportation "casks" whose design was approved by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. These casks, made of stainless steel with lead shielding to prevent the escape of radioactivity, have been subjected to a variety of tests that include hitting a hard surface at a speed of 120 mph, attempting to puncture the container with a shaft 6 inches in diameter and setting the cask on fire and burning it at 1,450 degrees Fahrenheit for 30 minutes. [http://services.azdailysun.com/adserver/redirect/clickthru.cfm?u =0.56216752&id=90&href=http://www.azcleanelections.gov/?ovmkt=HA2 IIFGOU5QHLI5S2ASLQMF9EK&theLocation=http://www.azdailysun.com/non _sec/nav_includes/story.cfm] Additional tests included running a truck carrying a cask into a brick wall at 80 mph and running a train into a truck carrying a cask. Failure rate of the casks was not specified in DOE material. During transport, trucks and trains will have armed escorts and will be tracked on satellite. Advance arrangements will be made with law enforcement agencies along the route, and emergency management teams along the route will be notified. The route must be approved by the NRC, and all shipments must be inspected prior to departure and during the route. Also, according to DOE, more than 2,700 hundred shipments of high-level nuclear waste have been made without the release of radioactive material since 1965. In that time, there have been four highway and four rail accidents involving nuclear waste. None resulted in a breach of the cask. -- Larry Hendricks, Sun staff reporter [http://www.azdailysun.com/ Site last updated: 10/21/2004, 05:41 AM © 2000-2004 Arizona Daily Sun ***************************************************************** 42 Arizona Daily Sun: Yucca Mtn. tour underscores Flag challenge [http://www.azdailysun.com] By LARRY HENDRICKS Sun Staff Reporter 10/21/2004 YUCCA MOUNTAIN, Nev. -- At the top, cold wind cuts to the bone. Creosote bush grabs defiantly to parched soils of a dozen different shades of brown. Desolation abounds in spartan splendor. The nearly three dozen visitors from Coconino County stare in one direction Tuesday morning at the Nevada Test Site, where hundreds of atomic bombs have been detonated over the years. In another direction, they see a mountain range that shrouds Groom Lake, also known as Area 51, in mystery. Death Valley is beyond another mountain range to the southwest. And 1,000 feet below them, through dense and sometimes porous volcanic rock called "tuff," a 5-mile tunnel runs through the mountain. They stand on the site proposed (but yet to be licensed to operate) as a repository of all high-level radioactive waste in the country. Three Flagstaff elected officials are among the crowd atop Yucca Mountain. Based on what they've heard by staff under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy, they said the repository appears to be a done deal. What concerns them is not the safety of the repository itself, which has more than a decade of scientific study to its credit, but the fact that tons of the radioactive waste to be stored here -- tentatively scheduled to begin in 2010 -- will have to come through Coconino County and Flagstaff to get here. Mayor Joe Donaldson took the trip for a better understanding of the repository. "I know enough now to take a solid position on it," he said, adding that he supports the site's completion. "Doesn't it make sense to bring (high-level radioactive waste) to one location? It certainly does to me," Donaldson said. "There has to be some place for it." According to information from DOE, nearly 50,000 tons of high-level radioactive waste sit in 131 locations in 39 states. All of that material is above ground and within 75 miles of more than 160 million citizens, posing vast environmental hazard and making the material potentially vulnerable to sabotage or theft. Yucca Mountain is an effort to put all of that radioactive waste in one spot, deep under ground. If Yucca Mountain gets licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to be built and operate, tons of deadly radioactive waste will be transported by rail or by truck through Coconino County and Flagstaff. Jim Driscoll, emergency services coordinator for Coconino County, said the trip was organized for the benefit of the county's Local Emergency Planning Committee as part of the federal Community Right-to-Know Act. The LEPC is responsible for developing local hazardous material plans, and the act requires that communities to be informed of all hazardous materials that go into and through a community -- including high-level radioactive waste. The Flagstaff Fire Department has radiation response capability, Driscoll said. The county also has hazardous materials emergency response plans in place, to include radioactive waste. And radioactive waste of a much lower level than the waste proposed to be stored at Yucca Mountain already gets transported through the city on a regular basis to a low-level nuclear waste site near Carlsbad, N.M. "Our main concern is transport, and the transport of those materials through Coconino County," Driscoll said. "(The Yucca trip) gives us the opportunity to see the safety measures for its storage." Among the agencies that sent staff on the trip were the Coconino County Department of Health Services, Flagstaff Medical Center, Flagstaff Fire Department, Flagstaff Police Department, Coconino County Sheriff's Office, Williams Police Department and the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. Transportation safety is what concerns Donaldson and city councilmembers Karen Cooper and Kara Kelty, who also took the trip to Yucca Mountain. During the trip, Donaldson began planning with Driscoll on setting up a demonstration in the near future for city residents to see how high-level radioactive waste will be transported through the city. Cooper said her next order of business on the issue is to get busy educating herself on who to lobby for railroad and highway safety and maintenance to ensure deadly loads like those going to Yucca Mountain make it to their destination. Although transportation issues were addressed and information was made available by the DOE contractor (see related story), the focus of the tour was on the safety of the repository and how much money was spent on the project so far: in excess of $5 billion. Kelty said the tour had a "propaganda feeling." Cooper characterized the tour as a "concerted selling effort." Donaldson, Cooper and Kelty all said they were impressed with the amount of study and science that has gone into the project. The trip has increased their knowledge about the project and their ability to talk about the project with Flagstaff residents. The tour began with a visit to the Yucca Mountain Science Center, located in downtown Las Vegas. The center contains volumes of literature about the site and has dozens of displays on how the site is supposed to work. The displays explain how nuclear reactors work, why Yucca Mountain is a good choice for a repository, how a repository would work -- and how radioactive materials would be transported to the repository. Max Powell, with the company Bechtel, the contractor for DOE, acted as tour guide for the group. "It's the most studied piece of real estate in the world," he said during the two-hour bus ride across the Nevada desert from Las Vegas. That study has focused on storing, for at least 10,000 years, high-level radioactive waste, Powell said. That waste includes used nuclear fuel rods from civilian power plants and military vessels and material left over from making nuclear weapons. In the early 1980s, Congress passed the Nuclear Waste Policy Act, which made the federal government responsible for the waste. To fund the creation of a national repository, citizens who used power from nuclear power plants were taxed on the electricity used, creating a surplus of more than $20 billion to find a site, conduct studies, build a repository, operate it until full, then monitor it. The military portion of the waste will be covered in the federal budget. Currently, there is about 50,000 tons of solid radioactive waste slated to make the journey to a repository, Powell said. The Yucca Mountain project makes accommodation for more than 70,000 tons of waste, and if it becomes operational, will remain open, at present calculations, for approximately 25 years, with approximately 175 rail and truck shipments to the site per year. Because there is no railway to the site, more than 300 miles of track will have to be laid. And roads will have to be paved for trucks bearing shipments of waste. Powell said the U.S. government was to take possession of all radioactive waste to be placed in a national repository by 1998. That did not happen, and several companies that operate nuclear power plants have sued for breach of contract. Several sites in eight states were selected for study. That number was reduced to one in 1987 -- Yucca Mountain, Powell said. Although President George Bush has approved Yucca Mountain to be developed, the site must still get a license to build and operate from the NRC. The license application is anticipated to be submitted in December. After that come years of public hearings on the public safety and environmental impacts the site might pose. Critics have already voiced opposition to Environmental Impact Statements for the site that only went out 10,000 years into the future. The lifespan of the danger posed by radioactive material is much, much longer. If the license is granted, DOE anticipates the first shipments of radioactive material to arrive in 2010. If the license is not granted, the site will be abandoned, Powell said. The ball will be back in the court of Congress to decide what to do next. The site currently consists of a huge 5-mile tunnel bored into Yucca Mountain at a depth of 1,000 feet. The tour stopped at the south end of the tunnel, called the south portal, to view the huge 25-foot diameter drilling machine used to bore the hole over a three-year period. Bruce Reinert, an engineer with the Los Alamos Test Lab, who met the tour at the north portal into the mountain, said the north portal will be where rail and truck shipments will deposit the radioactive waste for storage. Because the tunnel was undergoing maintenance, the tour was not allowed inside. Reinert explained the scientific study that has gone into the site. "Our main enemy in the mountain is water," Reinert said. The type of rock, coupled with the areas slight rainfall, and making the containers that hold the nuclear material out of material that is nearly impossible to corrode will ensure that the water table 1,000 feet below the repository doesn't get contaminated. T The geology of the mountain is also stable with very few fault lines for water to flow into the water table, which is a slow moving, ancient body of water that is not used by the closest population centers. The area is not prone to earthquakes or vulcanism. Another concern is the heat, Reinert said. When radioactive material breaks down, it creates heat as a by-product. "We're really going to heat the mountain up," Reinert said. For instance, inside the tunnels where the waste is to be kept, the temperature is expected to increase to 212 degrees Fahrenheit -- the boiling point of water -- and will stay that way for hundreds of years. Such heat will increase the surface temperature at the top of the mountain by 1 degree. A section of the tunnel has been fitted with heaters to simulate the effect of the heat on the rock. So far, so good, Reinert said. Needless to say, people will not be able to enter the tunnels where the waste is stored after they are sealed, which will require robotic monitoring to ensure that no breaches of the containers occur, Reinert said. After the tour, Donaldson said that the presentations about the testing affirms for him the quality of the work that has gone into the site, and he is satisfied Yucca Mountain appears to be, at this time, the best place to put the repository. Cooper said she was impressed, and sometimes startled, by the frank explanations of the testing that has gone into the site. She expressed concern about the theories and the methodologies that spanned a 10,000-year period without mention of differing thoughts on alternative concepts to treat the waste -- like reprocessing it. Kelty said she was impressed by the ingenuity of the science used to address the problem of what to do with the nuclear waste. "But at the same time, I was disheartened by the path this ingenuity put us on," Kelty said. She said she felt that during the tour the issue of controlling the use of energy through sustainable living was not addressed. Instead, the project, to her, appeared an effort to ensure unrelenting use of energy. There are already plans in place for the repository to grow and stay open hundreds of years longer, according to DOE contractor staff on the tour. And at some point in the future, the issue of what to do with nuclear waste will have to be addressed again. Reporter Larry Hendricks can be reached at lhendricks@azdailysun.com or 556-2262. On the web at: www.ymp.gov [http://www.azdailysun.com Site last updated: 10/21/2004, 05:41 AM © 2000-2004 Arizona Daily Sun ***************************************************************** 43 WAVY: Report: Virginia will store more radioactive waste than all but S.C. October 21, 2004 WASHINGTON A national report shows that in the upcoming years, Virginia will store more radioactive waste from nuclear power plants than any other state except South Carolina. The Environmental Working Group analyzed figures from the U-S Department of Energy and found that the recent relicensing of Virginia's Surry and North Anna reactors will allow them to generate more than 14-hundred tons of nuclear waste. South Carolina will have 24-hundred tons. The public interest group says waste can't be stored in Nevada's proposed Yucca Mountain repository, because that site limits how much waste it stores. By law, the Yucca Mountain site is limited to 70-thousand metric tons of waste. The group says that's roughly equal to the amount of waste that U-S reactors will have stored at their sites by the time the repository opens in 2010. Copyright 2004 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. [http://www.worldnow.com] All content © Copyright 2000 - 2004 WorldNow and WAVY. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 44 Wilmington Advocate: The latest perchlorate results are in, and bring little resolution to the problem plaguing Tewksbury's drinking water. TownOnline.com - Lowell: zero, Billerica: 670 By Bethan L. Jones/ Staff Writer Wednesday, October 20, 2004 Tests of the Billerica and Lowell waste water treatment plants on Oct. 8 vindicated Lowell, which tested below 1 part per billion in all reports. State officials are now turning their focus to Billerica, which showed levels of perchlorate far exceeding the guidelines by the state Department of Environmental Protection. "We're fairly confident ... the Lowell plant does not appear to be a significant source of perchlorate," said Ed Coletta, spokesman for the state DEP. The Billerica waste water treatment plant has received two recent rounds of testing, once on Sept. 28 as part of phase four testing which was later postponed due to heavy rain, and on Oct. 8 when it was tested again to be in accordance with the rest of the testing done at that time. On Sept. 28, the influent water showed 480 ppb and effluent water 280 ppb. Water prior to chlorination tested at 250 ppb, a drop consistent with the claim the water purification process can remove up to 50 percent of the perchlorate. On Oct. 8, however, water entering the Billerica plant showed 140 ppb but 670 ppb upon leaving, with water prior to chlorination testing at 650 ppb. These results have made a few things very clear, debunking the theory the perchlorate was a result of the bleach used in the chlorination process and requiring the state DEP to investigate the Billerica storm water system and the process within the plant prior to chlorination. "[The most recent results] tell us ... that we'll really be looking at the Billerica waste water treatment plant," said Coletta. "Our thinking ... it couldn't be the hypochlorate [bleach]." Coletta said the state DEP is still formulating a testing schedule for additional results but will be looking at the storm water system to see how and where water enters the system to try and determine if some business or other enterprise is bringing in the perchlorate, a chemical found in explosives, fertilizers, leather tanning, and air bags. The DEP also plans to test within the plant, this time focusing on the water prior to bleaching. Billerica has been testing their drinking water but so far have not found any traces perchlorate. If none is found in the next round of testing, Billerica expects to return to the normal quarterly testing of their water. Tewksbury has been experiencing a voluntary ban for children under the age of 12, pregnant or nursing mothers, and those with hypothyroidism on public drinking water since early August when perchlorate levels over the state mandated 1 ppb were discovered. It is thought the water coming from the Billerica waste water treatment plant, which enters into the Concord River and then the Merrimack, where the town draws its drinking water, could be the cause of Tewksbury's perchlorate problem. © Copyright of CNC and Herald Interactive Advertising Systems, ***************************************************************** 45 Billerica Minuteman: Perchlorate found in plant discharge By Esther Friedman/ Staff Writer TownOnline.com - Thursday, October 21, 2004Tests have yet to determine whether perchlorate flowing from Billerica's wastewater treatment plant is a factor in the chemical's presence in the Concord River. The state Department of Environmental Protection reported this week tests confirming perchlorate had come from water discharged by the plant. But more tests must be done to determine the source of perchlorate found where the Concord and Merrimack rivers meet, raising concern about neighboring Tewksbury's drinking supply. "The concern is what's going into the plant and what happens once the water is inside the plant," said Ed Coletta, spokesman for the department. He added, "Tewksbury's intake [of drinking water] is fairly close to the confluence of the Concord and Merrimack [Rivers.] We are looking at Billerica as a key spot right now." "We're not sure what this means," Town Manager Richard Montuori said, adding he intends to discuss the news this week with Department of Public Works staff. He said the state requires testing of drinking water but not of water from waste treatment plants. To date, no trace of the chemical has been found during three weeks of tests conducted on Billerica's drinking water since the discovery of perchlorate in the Concord River. The DEP tested the water flowing through the Billerica waste water treatment plant on Sept. 28 and Oct. 8. In both tests, water leaving the plant after passing through the plant's chlorinating process was found to have higher perchlorate levels than before entering the plant. In the next phase of testing, the DEP will examine storm water in Billerica and its progress through the treatment system, as well as whether businesses in town may be contributing to the problem, Coletta said. The Sept. 28 tests revealed perchlorate at 280 parts perchlorate per 1 billion parts water. The Oct. 8 tests showed higher levels of 670 parts perchlorate per 1 billion parts water. State officials have been analyzing the data to determine an official maximum contaminate level. Meanwhile it has mandated that towns notify residents when perchlorate levels raise over 1 part perchlorate per billion parts water, which could be compared to a grain of salt in a billion grains of sugar. The DEP is conducting similar tests on water passing through Lowell's waster water treatment plant. Billerica is one of several area communities testing for perchlorate after reports of the chemical's presence in some water sources. Percholorate is found in tanneries, weapons manufacturing, rocket propellants, fireworks, and car air bags. The DEP sent a letter in January, 2004 to state public water suppliers outlining emergency regulations requiring communities to monitor their water systems for a year between February 2004 and February 2005. The data collected will determine whether communities should continue testing after February 2005. The DEP warns pregnant woman and children under 12 should not consume water that exceeds this level, and that no one should consume water that exceeds 18 parts perchlorate per billion parts water. The chemical is associated has been associated with some health risks, including interference with metabolism and damage to the thyroid gland. Health experts also warn that it can hurt to physical development, behavior, movement, speech, hearing, vision and intelligence. Staff writer Bethan Jones contributed to this article. © Copyright of CNC and Herald Interactive Advertising Systems, ***************************************************************** 46 Seattle Times: Hanford tests plans for nuclear waste Thursday, October 21, 2004 - Page updated at 06:05 P.M. By SHANNON DININNY The Associated Press YAKIMA — Scientists have completed another round of tests on a process that would turn nuclear waste stored in underground tanks at the Hanford nuclear reservation into glass for long-term disposal. About 53 million gallons of highly radioactive waste from World War II and Cold War-era plutonium production sit in 177 aging underground tanks at Hanford, less than 10 miles from the Columbia River. Plans call for using a process called vitrification to turn the high-level waste into glass logs for long-term disposal in a nuclear-waste repository. Construction already is under way on a plant to treat the high-level waste. But the plant was not designed to treat the less-radioactive waste also found in the tanks, and researchers have been studying a similar process called bulk vitrification to treat that material. The highly radioactive waste would be filtered from the lower-level waste as it flowed into the vitrification plant. Bulk vitrification requires electric currents to be passed between electrodes in a mixture of soil and tank waste. The aim is for the soil to then capture the waste as it melts into glass. Using about 2 gallons of liquid waste from one of the Hanford tanks — the largest quantity of actual tank waste to be used in the bulk-vitrification testing to date — scientists completed an engineering-scale test the week of Oct. 11. CH2M Hill Hanford Group, the contractor hired to handle tank-waste cleanup, termed the test a successful "melt," resulting in a 220-pound slab of radioactive glass. Detailed tests on the glass remain to be completed to confirm that the mixture meets standards for long-term disposal, said Rick Raymond, director of supplemental treatment for CH2M Hill. "It's not a done deal, but it looks very promising," Raymond said yesterday. "We need to collect more information before any decision can be made." The next step would be a full-scale test of the treatment process. Such a test would provide a solid technical foundation for evaluating the viability of the technology, said Roy Schepens, manager of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of River Protection, which manages tank-waste cleanup. The Energy Department has applied for a permit to build and operate a pilot test facility to treat as much as 200,000 gallons of low-level waste. Public comment already has been accepted on the proposal, but the state Department of Ecology has not yet issued the permit. For 40 years, the Hanford reservation made plutonium for the nation's nuclear-weapons arsenal. Today, work there centers on a $50 billion to $60 billion cleanup, to be finished by 2035. Much of the cleanup involves retrieving and treating the tank waste, composed of radioactive liquid, sludge and salt cake. Most critical was the liquid waste in 149 tanks that had a single-wall construction, making them more susceptible to leaks as they aged. An estimated 67 of the tanks leaked radioactive brew into the soil, contaminating the aquifer and threatening the Columbia River. Copyright © 2004 The Seattle Times Company Times Company [http://www.seattletimescompany.com/] ***************************************************************** 47 Tri-City Herald: Vitrification test proves successful This story was published Thursday, October 21st, 2004 By Annette Cary Herald staff writer Two gallons of radioactive and chemical waste from Hanford's underground tanks have been successfully turned into glass using a process proposed to treat up to 26 million gallons of the waste. It is the first engineering test of bulk vitrification equipment using real waste, the Department of Energy and its contractor CH2M Hill Hanford Group announced Wednesday. "This holds a lot of promise," said Rick Raymond, director of supplemental treatment for CH2M Hill. "It behaved the same way with real tank waste as it did with simulants." Small amounts of tank waste have been vitrified, or turned to glass, in laboratory ovens about a half-cupful at a time. The engineering process also has been tried before, but using a nonradioactive chemical mixture meant to simulate the tank waste. The engineering test completed this month on real waste produced a block of glass within a container about the size of a small refrigerator. It's about one-sixth the size of the containers that are proposed for the bulk vitrification project. Huge underground tanks at the Hanford nuclear reservation hold 53 million gallons of radioactive and chemical waste left from more than 40 years of making plutonium for the nation's nuclear weapons program. DOE is building a $5.7 billion vitrification plant to turn much of that waste into glass for permanent burial. But the Waste Treatment Plant only will be able to treat up to two-thirds of the waste by a 2028 deadline. DOE is looking at two alternate processes that could be used to treat the additional waste. Steam reforming, which would use high-pressure steam to turn a mixture of clay and waste into BB-sized particles, is being studied at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory near Idaho Falls. Hanford is studying the second process, bulk vitrification, that like the vitrification plant would turn the tank waste into glass. Waste would be dried, mixed with silica-rich dirt and packed into insulated boxes up to 24 feet long. Electrodes would be inserted into the mixture to heat and melt it into a huge brick of glass to be permanently buried -- container, electrodes and all. The process only would be used for some of the low-activity radioactive wastes separated from the tanks. All the high-level waste would be treated at the vitrification plant under construction. CH2M Hill is projecting that using bulk vitrification to treat some of the waste would cost about 35 percent less than extending the life of the vitrification plant past the 2028 treatment deadline or expanding the vitrification plant with a second low-activity waste treatment facility. The bulk vitrification project would cost about $1.4 billion. The next major step in the bulk vitrification project is to build a full-scale test plant in central Hanford. The engineering scale test was done at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Radiochemical Processing Laboratory in the 300 Area in southern Hanford. Building and operating a test plant for 400 days to treat up to 200,000 gallons of tank waste requires a state permit for research, development and demonstration. The state is reviewing public comment on the permit request. Public comment was extensive and "fairly strongly worded," said Sheryl Hutchison, spokeswoman for the Washington state Department of Ecology on Wednesday. If the permit is awarded, full-scale testing could begin next fall, Raymond said. "When we complete the full-scale test we will have a solid technical foundation for evaluating the viability of the technology," said Roy Schepens, manager of DOE's Office of River Protection, in a prepared statement. Bulk vitrification has been used by others, including a Texas project to treat some commercial waste with low levels of radioactivity contaminated with PCBs. But Hanford's tank waste is chemically different than most forms of waste, requiring a rigorous testing program to determine the ability of the glass to capture waste and prevent it from reaching the environment, Raymond said. "Both the state and we need to be convinced it is as protective of the environment and as good as the Waste Treatment Plant's glass," he said. With the successful completion of the engineering test, the glass produced will be subjected to a scientific analysis to confirm the soil mixture and waste behaved as predicted and meet strict quality standards. Preliminary results of the analysis are expected in December. "We're trying hard to meet the 2028 commitment, and this is one way we might do it," Raymond said. © 2004 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press &Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** 48 Tri-City Herald: Review gives Framatome thumbs up This story was published Thursday, October 21st, 2004 By Annette Cary, Herald staff writer A Nuclear Regulatory Committee review of safety performance of the Richland plant that produces commercial nuclear fuel found that it has corrected problems found in a 2003 emergency exercise. The NRC plans a public meeting at 1 p.m. Oct. 28 in Richland to discuss the safety performance of Framatome ANP, also called Areva, from May 1, 2002, through July 31, 2004. The review found that Framatome continued to conduct its activities safely. A July 2004 emergency exercise demonstrated that deficiencies found in an October 2003 emergency exercise had been resolved, according to the NRC. During the earlier drill with a scenario in which a radiation release went off-site, workers either were unfamiliar with some procedures or did not follow them and needed more training, according to the NRC. Members of the emergency response team responded without communication equipment or self-reading dosimeters, according to the NRC. It also criticized the drill for giving out all radiation release information at one time rather than throughout the exercise. Problems of lack of scenario development, control of the exercise and lack of training have been resolved, the NRC said in a Sept. 30 letter to Framatome. However, it will continue to monitor the improvements. It's also recommending continued improvement in the communication of criticality safety information to workers and control of criticality safety documentation. It found a couple of missing postings among more than 100 that are required. A criticality is an uncontrolled nuclear reaction that can release bursts of potentially dangerous radiation. The public meeting will be in Conference Room 5 of Framatome at 2101 Horn Rapids Road. © 2004 Tri-City Herald, Associated Press &Other Wire Services ***************************************************************** 49 amarillo.com: Pantex improves training, tooling after incident review 10/21/04 [Amarillo Globe News] By JIM McBRIDE jim.mcbride@amarillo.com The Pantex Plant has beefed up worker training and safety procedures for handling damaged high explosives since a January incident when workers taped and moved a cracked high-explosive charge, officials said. Contractor BWXT Pantex recently completed its investigation, which was submitted to the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board for review. Safety Board Chairman John Conway said the plant has taken some corrective steps since the Jan. 8 incident, which occurred while Pantex workers were dismantling a W-56 warhead, a type of nuclear weapon normally carried on a Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile. "They did make some changes in how they handle things, particularly on what they consider trivial and not trivial with regard to evidence of cracking," he said. "Administratively, they are tightening up." Conway said, however, he could say little about the report's conclusion's because the National Nuclear Security Administration has deemed it for "Official Use Only." "Basically they are still not sure when the cracking started, whether it's old cracks or new," Conway said. "They believe the cracks were fairly new, but then they have a caveat saying that they could have been from awhile back, so it's not conclusive." After the incident, the safety board sent a letter to NNSA officials citing concerns that workers could have dropped the charge, increasing the potential for "a violent reac-tion." "The prudent response of the production technicians as they saw unexpected behavior of the explosive provided the only effective barrier preventing a drop of explosives with potentially unacceptable consequences," the safety board said in a January letter. BWXT Pantex Deputy General Manager Dan Swaim said in a statement Wednesday that the incident couldn't have caused an accidental high-explosive blast. The investigation, he said, confirmed that workers followed proper procedures and stopped the operation when they observed unexpected conditions. "There was never a realistic possibility of an accidental high-explosive detonation during this event. The national laboratory responsible for the design has concurred with this conclusion," Swaim said. "However, any abnormality associated with the handling of high explosives is taken seriously and our actions taken in response have improved our dismantlement process." Pantex has modified some tooling used in dismantlement work, revised its technical procedures and improved worker training after the incident review, Swaim said. The plant trained workers on new tooling and procedures, Swaim said, and BWXT Pantex and the NNSA's Pantex Site Office conducted formal readiness reviews before resuming dismantlement work. The plant also has beefed up its unreviewed safety question process, Swaim said. [http://www.amarillo.com/] ***************************************************************** 50 lamonitor.com: Lab's go-go years brought problems The Online News Source for Los Alamos [http://www.lac-nm.us] ROGER SNODGRASS, roger@lamonitor.com [roger@lamonitor.com] , Monitor Assistant Editor EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the second of a four-part series about the process going on to see who will manage the lab. In the near future the Department of Energy intends to publish a request for proposal, a procurement document by which the next manager of Los Alamos National Laboratory will be chosen. The competitive process raises the possibility that the next manager will be something other than the University of California, which has yet to decide if it will enter the fray. Lab Direct G. Peter Nanos has made the point that six decades ago nobody could have described a contractual arrangement that would have carried the laboratory through its many changes to the institution that exists today. Some, who hold the university responsible for the multiple series of problems that have beset the laboratory the last two years, have said the Department of Energy should be able to find a better alternative; others, including many current laboratory employees and managers, believe it can do far worse. In 1943, the UC began a sketchily defined collaboration with a research facility located in Los Alamos, New Mexico, an institution with a life and spirit of its own. By the next decade, taking hold on its own reins, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, as it was called at first, was well on its way to becoming a global brand name. With the twin engines of big science and high technology under its hood, the lab would enjoy a virtual blank check during times of plenty for its role in national security. As anthropologist Laura McNamara, a student of the lab, said in a recent interview, scientists of that time were like priests of a new religion, saving and uplifting lives with their new technologies. "From '48 through the '60s, science is the saving grace. It was going to bring us into the future and help us defeat the Russians," she said. Hard work earned many notable scientific achievements - starting the human genome project, discovering gamma rays, and developing meson physics, to name a few. The lab's status as chief nuclear weapon designer was taken almost for granted. Former lab director Harold Agnew described the UC's role during his tenure in the '70s as quiet and supportive. "Regents who were outstanding leaders would come once or twice a year," he said. "I always felt they made a real difference in recruiting. Scientists and engineers would like to be in a university climate. The labs are sort of half-way there." During most of the '70s, according to an article in Science magazine, Sept. 12, 1980, UC faced criticism for its laboratory management. Beating back an attempt by Gov. Jerry Brown, the UC regents had decided not to end the relationship. In 1977, DOE resisted an effort by several other universities in the region to participate in the opportunities available on the hill. The article says, "In the AEC days, when many things were simpler, the dominant style in dealing with the labs was laissez-faire." And it concludes, "So far, DOE has not found a way to make an effective general evaluation of the work done at Los Alamos." Some writers and observers date the beginning of a tidal change in the nation's relationship with Los Alamos to Rachel Carson's Silent Spring in 1962 and the rise of environmentalism. The partial meltdown of the Three-Mile Island nuclear plant in March 1979 and the total meltdown of the Soviet Union's Chernobyl Unit 4 in April 1986 are frequently cited examples of growing national skepticism with the nuclear field in general. President Kennedy's Cuban Missile Crisis of the '60s, the Non-proliferation Treaty signed at the end of President Johnson's term, and "Nuclear Winter" - a widely publicized scenario of nuclear holocaust, introduced by Carl Sagan and others in a scientific journal in 1983 - can be cited as early milestones of a shift in attitudes toward nuclear weapons. Those weapons were put on a schedule toward reduction by the START I treaty signed by President Reagan in 1986, the same year the Challenger explosion dramatized catastrophic safety problems in large-scale government science programs. When atomic testing came to a close with President George Bush's tacit acceptance of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty in 1989, the laboratory gradually adapted and then began to thrive in the role of overseeing, that is "stewarding," a share of the tens of thousands of nuclear weapons that had been built during the Cold War. Stockpile stewardship turned out to be practically a new lease on life. After a few years of adjustment during the early '90s, LANL's budget grew steadily, blessed with the political influence of Sen. Pete Domenici, R-NM. During the 1990s, however, the prominence of countervailing national concerns including environmental safety and health came to the fore. When a DOE Secretary James Watkins dispatched "Tiger Team," to Los Alamos in November 1991 by, it reported multiple violations of federal regulations, including the discharge of radioactive waste that had reached the Rio Grande, and waste and air emission monitoring failures. Former LANL Director Siegfried Hecker related at a Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources hearing in June 2003. The laboratory's relationship with DOE began to change at that time, becoming ever more "compliance driven," relying upon additional DOE overseers and auditors. Hecker said they "blurred lines of responsibility instead of improving safety." Admittedly he added, the laboratories "were slow to adapt to changing requirements and public expectations." Speaking before the same committee in July 2003, Paul Fleury, Dean of Engineering at Yale University, specifically cited the Tiger Teams. "In their wake was left a seemingly unending set of orders, rules, directives and procedures, indicative of an approach DOE was to follow for years hence: increased audits and paperwork, a mode of compliance rather than cooperation," he said. He saw the immediate consequences as a vice president at Sandia National Laboratories in 1992-93. "This approach led to decreased scientific and technological productivity, increased staff both inside and outside the lab dedicated to preparing for endless audits and policing compliance, confusion about lines of authority and accountability and a noticeable erosion of the sense of trust and teamwork so necessary for a productive partnership," he said. By the 1990s, uneasy with its regulatory relationships, LANL was showing signs not only of its age and stressful line of work, but also tensions with deeper changes in the country. Not all at once, but at least over the last decade or so and increasingly over the last five years, the laboratory became a problem. And then, the turn of the new century delivered three staggering blows: the case of Wen Ho Lee, the LANL computer scientist imprisoned for nine months on charges that all but vanished before his trial began; the Cerro Grande Fire that destroyed hundreds of homes, disrupted the community and narrowly avoided seriously damaging the laboratory; and the missing hard drives, containing top secret nuclear information, found later behind a copying machine. NEXT: Problems at the lab. © 2003 Los Alamos Monitor All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 51 PISJ: DOE dedicates new facility at INEEL Pocatello Idaho State Journal: By Dan Boyd [dboyd@journalnet.com] - Journal Writer POCATELLO - So much for baby steps. The Department of Energy dedicated a new facility in Idaho Wednesday that will help power a mission to Pluto as its first major mission. The Space and Security Power Systems Facility at the Argonne West site, located adjacent to the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, is now officially operational and ready to rocket. "There's a real sense of mission here that's palpable," said Deputy Secretary of Energy Kyle McSlarrow. "It feels like the pace of things is picking up." McSlarrow was at the site for the first time Wednesday, having had three previous visits canceled due to crises. When he finally made it, he was obviously impressed. "Seeing the facility, it's obvious that there are first-class people and first-class facilities," he said. The Space and Security Power Systems Facility will provide radioisotope power systems to NASA in the form of Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators, or RTGs, that help heat and propel spacecrafts. The power in the devices comes from a scientific process involving the radioactive decay of plutonium-238. "It's very consistent and lasts for years and years ... into the decades," said DOE spokesman Tim Jackson. "It gives the Idaho site a very important place in the space mission and we're very excited about that." The space mission Jackson referred to will dovetail with a larger nuclear research mission that promises to put the new Idaho National Laboratory, which combines INEEL and Argonne West, at the forefront of science in the 21st century. "We see this site as a flagship," McSlarrow said. "The nuclear research and development role, I think, will only grow." Previously, a site in Ohio had produced the generators for space missions, such as the Cassini Spacecraft that entered the orbit of Saturn on June 30. Now, such technology will be produced in Idaho. Dan Boyd - Journal Writer"> The Department of Energy dedicated a new facility in Idaho Wednesday that will help power a mission to Pluto as its first major mission."> McSlarrow said the Idaho Congressional delegation and Gov. Dirk Kempthorne have been indefatigable proponents in bringing the nuclear mission to Idaho. "Three and a half years ago there were some question marks," he said. "Now, there's a unified vision. "We've coasted on decisions we've made 30 to 40 years ago and now we need to get to the next generation." Dan Boyd [dboyd@journalnet.com] covers higher education, politics and natural resource issues for the Journal. He can be reached at 239-3168 or by e-mail at dboyd@journalnet.com [dboyd@journalnet.com] . This document was originally published online on Thursday, October 21, 2004 Copyright © 2004 Pocatello Idaho State Journal P O Box 431 Pocatello, ID 83204-0431 ***************************************************************** 52 Scripps: Work begins to tear down WWII relics in Oak Ridge By FRANK MUNGER Scripps Howard News Service October 24, 2004 OAK RIDGE, Tenn. - It's been called the final leg of the Manhattan Project. Workers here are dismantling K-25, one of the engineering marvels of World War II, a mile-long, four-story piece of atomic history. At the time of its urgent construction in 1943, K-25 was the world's biggest building under one roof. The first-of-a-kind facility used a gaseous process to separate isotopes of uranium and to concentrate fissile U-235 for atomic bombs and an early generation of nuclear reactors. Tearing down K-25 and its companion plant, K-27, will be almost as complex, and nearly as challenging, as building them in the first place. And, oddly enough, the cleanup will take longer than the construction. About 500 workers are engaged in the project and that work force will grow in the months ahead. "We're moving on out," said Greg Eidam, who's overseeing the work for Bechtel Jacobs Co., the government's cleanup manager in Oak Ridge. The decommissioning and demolition of old facilities are supposed to be completed by late 2008. The scale of the cleanup project can be described with numbers, beginning with a price tag that's likely to exceed $400 million. But the site almost has to be seen for one to comprehend the enormity of the task at hand. K-25 covers 44 acres, with 1.64 million square feet of floor space. Inside the building are miles and miles of industrial processing equipment. The steel jungle was used to separate atoms of U-235 from the U-238, pumping a gaseous mixture of uranium hexafluoride through the system's highly classified barrier filters. Each wing of the U-shaped building is nearly a half-mile long. The building has four levels, including a basement and three stories above ground. The uranium-enrichment "cascade" has 3,108 stages. Each of those room-sized stages includes two compressors, a converter and associated piping. The converters - weighing up to 12,500 pounds apiece - were where the actual separation of uranium isotopes took place. The smaller, rectangular K-27 building was constructed in 1945, and its enrichment cascade consists of 540 stages. The interior equipment is essentially the same as that of the K-25 arrangement. Both the K-25 and K-27 operations were shut down in 1964, when the U.S. government decided it had stockpiled a sufficient amount of highly enriched uranium for weapons purposes. Other parts of the Oak Ridge plant continued to operate until 1985, enriching uranium to lower levels as needed for fuel in nuclear reactors. Although K-25 was built during the World War II Manhattan Project, it didn't produce the enriched uranium used in the A-bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan. That was primarily accomplished at another Oak Ridge plant, Y-12, which employed a competing technique that separated uranium's isotopes with electromagnets. After the war, however, K-25's gaseous diffusion became the favored method of enriching uranium, and the Oak Ridge plant was a model for Cold War plants at Paducah, Ky., and Portsmouth, Ohio, constructed in the 1950s. The Paducah plant is still in operation. The dismantling of the K-25 and K-27 building is expected to generate about 450,000 cubic yards of waste, much of it contaminated with radioactive uranium and other hazardous elements. Dennis Hill, a spokesman for Bechtel Jacobs, said more than 90 percent of the wastes will be buried in Oak Ridge, either at DOE's nuclear disposal site on Bear Creek Road or a sanitary landfill at the Y-12 National Security Complex. Some of the hotter items, especially those contaminated with radioactive technetium-99, will be shipped to the government's Nevada Test Site for disposal. (Contact Frank Munger of The Knoxville News Sentinel in Tennessee at http://www.knoxnews.com.) ***************************************************************** 53 [du-list] CADU News 18 Date: Thu, 21 Oct 2004 19:03:50 -0700 CADU NEWS ISSUE 18 ­September 2004 Campaign Against Depleted Uranium, Bridge 5 Mill, 22a Beswick St, Ancoats, Manchester M4 7HR Tel/Fax: +44 (0)161 273 8293 email: info@cadu.org.uk website http//: www.cadu.org.uk Coming Soon - The Third International Day of Action November 6th will see the International Day of Action to Ban Uranium Weapons. Long term CADU supporters will remember the success of the last two years’ International Days of Action Against Depleted Uranium Weapons, in which actions took place all over the world. This year the day will have an even more international flavour as it is being supported through the International Coalition to Ban Uranium Weapons (ICBUW), of which CADU is a founding member. November 6 has been set by UN as the International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict. ICBUW is therefore asking all groups and individuals to organise actions to ban uranium weapons. Just having a small- scale study meeting or doing a one-person petition on the street will contribute a lot to gathering momentum for the international campaign. So please join us! So far actions are being planned by groups in Belgium, Italy, Great Britain, Japan, The Netherlands and the United States. To give you some ideas here are a selection of what is being planned: In Belgium the Belgian Coalition to Ban Uranium Weapons will visit the Prime Minister, and the Ministries of Defence and Foreign Affairs, to hand over a copy of collected petition signatures. In Italy PeaceLink are organising a march and event in Florence for soldiers and their families, scientists and people from Iraq and Bosnia to tell their stories. In Japan the NO DU Hiroshima Project are organising a gathering at a park by the A-bomb Dome in Hiroshima, with music performance and speeches as well as a mini photo- exhibition on the Iraq war and the DU damage. In Manchester we at CADU are organising a public meeting in Manchester on November 3rd and on November 6th we will be having a stall and some street theatre in Manchester City Centre. We would love people to come and be involved with us or to organise their own actions. We can supply leaflets and publicity materials for groups and individuals who are interested. If you are interested please contact us at 0161 273 8292 or email us at info@cadu.org.uk Launch of International Petition Campaign ICBUW has launched an international petition to ban uranium weapons. It can be signed online at www.bandepleteduranium.org or paper copies are available from CADU (maybe having a stall and collecting signatures would be a good event for the Day of Action?). Please sign it yourself right away and urge your friends to do so, too. This petition campaign will continue until the realisation of a treaty to ban uranium weapons, but we have set our first deadline on February 15, 2005, so that we can appeal to the EU Parliament or to the UN Disarmament Committee to be held in Geneva next spring. The petition states: We, the people, need to let governments and the United Nations know that these weapons can have no part in a humane and caring world. Every signature counts! We call for your support to demand: 1. An immediate end to the use of uranium weapons. 2. Disclosure of all locations where uranium weapons have been used and immediate removal of the remnants and contaminated materials from the sites under strict control. 3. Health surveys of the 'depleted' uranium victims and environmental investigations at the affected sites. 4. Medical treatment and compensation for the 'depleted' uranium victims. 5. An end to the development, production, stockpiling, testing, trade of uranium weapons. 6. A Convention for a Total Ban on Uranium Weapons. UK DU Test for Veterans “Too Little, Too Late” The National Gulf Veterans and Families Association has accused the Ministry of Defence of deliberately dragging its feet in waiting 14 years to implement a screening test to detect uranium in the bodies of Gulf war soldiers. After the announcement by the MoD that a new test would be offered to 500 military and civilian personnel who served in the Gulf war, veterans are saying that the procedure is too little, too late for the thousands who have suffered unexplained ill- health for years. Many veterans who had been exposed to radiation from battlefield shells believe they may have levels of depleted uranium in their bodies that can no longer be detected, and that may have caused kidney failure or leukaemia. The MoD set up an independent committee of scientists’ and veterans' representatives in 2001 - the Depleted Uranium Oversight Board - to develop a screening process. Three years later, they are ready to take applications from those who served in the Gulf area between August 1990 and July 31 1991. The test will also be made available to those who served in Kosovo from August 5 1994. The results will take three months to come back. The four clinics at which testing will be done are St Thomas' hospital in London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Southmead Hospital in Bristol and the University of North Tees in Stockton-on-Tees. Leading Radiation Scientist Speaks Out On Government Scientists Downplaying DU Risks Dr Keith Baverstock the World Health Organisation's senior radiation adviser in Europe spoke out at a conference on low level radiation in Edinburgh, about the pressures to ignore the dangers posed by radioactivity. Using examples of compensation to veterans of nuclear tests and DU weapons he argued that by downplaying the risks from radiation, government agencies had undermined public trust in science and technology. As reported in CADU News 17 Dr Baverstock wrote a paper while at the WHO on the cancer risk posed by DU weapons which was suppressed. In Edinburgh he explained that he outlined in the paper possible mechanisms by which DU posed a cancer risk that were ignored by the International Committee on Radiation Protection (ICRP), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the World Health Authority. He argued that insoluble DU retained in the lung over a long period can cause ‘genotoxicity’, through a combination of its radioactive and chemical properties. The uranium binds to DNA and proteins and is slowly transferred from the lung tissue to the blood, from where it can move around the body, particularly to the bones, before finally being excreted to the kidney. Another potential cancer risk is from the ‘bystander’ effect, which shows that irradiated cells pass on damage to surrounding healthy cells. “When the WHO were advised of these potential mechanisms they ignored the information in the preparation of a Monograph on the health effects of DU published in 2001 and subsequently suppressed the publication of a paper postulating these three mechanisms.” Baverstock argued. “In an ideal world the WHO would have alerted the IAEA and ICRP to the potential hazard of DU oxide dusts in Iraq.” His paper is now available online at http://www.mindfully.org/Nucs/DU-Radiological-Toxicity- WHO5nov01.htm or is available in paper format from the CADU office. Exemption to Labeling of DU Munitions Not Renewed In CADU News 16 we reported on a campaign by US groups to force labelling of DU munitions in transportation. Previously DU munitions were subject to a special U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) exemption, DOT-E 9649, which allows the shipment of depleted uranium munitions without a DOT “Radioactive” placard displayed on the shipment. This potentially put emergency services and the public at risk as responding services would not have known to implement special protective measures in case of an accident. The exemption ran out on the 30th June and so far has not been renewed, although the U.S. Army Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC, formerly MTMC), which manages the shipment of depleted uranium munitions, has been granted a time extension in order to provide information requested by the DOT. Campaigners are still being urged to send letters to the Department of Transportation to ensure a future exemption is ruled out. For more information see: http://www.traprockpeace.org/ Civilian DU Worker Wins Legal Aid to Sue Honeywell A civil engineer in the aerospace industry in Yeovil, UK, Mr Richard 'Nibby David', has won legal aid to take his case to the High Court. The case will be heard from the 6th to the 17th December 2004. The awarding of legal aid in a personal injury case is extremely unusual, but Mr David’s case was judged to be “in the wider public interest”. >From 1985 to 1995, Richard ‘Nibby’ David worked as a civil engineer in the aerospace industry in Yeovil, UK, for the company Normalair Garrett, now owned by the US company Honeywell. Mr David suffers from severe illnesses, which he claims he contracted on the work floor, handling aircraft components containg DU . One of the proofs of the effects of possible poisoning with DU was delivered by Dr. W. Hoffman of the Bremen Institute for Prevention, Research and Social Medicine, who carried out tests which proved Nibby to have an increased rate of dicentric and ring chromosome mutations in his lymphocytes. These mutations are known to be caused by exposure to ionising radiation. Subsequent genetic examination and analysis was done by Dr. Beaman at the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital. It showed Mr. David had developed the exceedingly rare Gitelmans syndrome. This is a genetic condition which affects the kidneys from birth and depends on the genes involved being inherited from both the mother and the father (in itself a rare occurrence). Usually the syndrome is active from birth, but Mr. David developed it in his 40’s. Dr. Beaman says the actual cause of the genetic mutation and mature onset is out of his range of expertise. The hearing was originally scheduled for October but has been postponed in order to allow more time to compile the evidence. The NDDU DU Support Group has been set up to help Mr David. To make a donation or to find out more about Mr David’s case please visit www.bandepleteduranium.org where details of how to donate online are given. Independent Gulf War Syndrome Inquiry in London An independent inquiry into Gulf War Syndrome has been set up in London to establish the facts about Gulf war illnesses and resolve the long-standing dispute over their causes. The independent inquiry is funded by an anonymous donor and headed by former law lord, Lord Lloyd of Berwick. The inquiry will consider all aspects of potential harm to soldiers, including vaccines, chemical weapons and depleted uranium. The announcement of the inquiry has been very embarrassing for the government which has always refused to hold a public inquiry. The Government responded by saying it would be inappropriate for ministers to give evidence and by writing to scientists paid to research illnesses in veterans warning them not to reveal ongoing findings. The kind of obstructive behaviour shows the arrogance of the government, more interested in saving face than finding the truth about what happened to soldiers who served in the war. Lord Lloyd will announce shortly when he will reveal his findings. Italy: Justice for a veteran's family in DU related case A court in Rome ordered the Italian Ministry of Defence to compensate the family of Stefano Melone, a soldier who died of a malignant vascular tumour. According to the court, Mr Melone's death was "due to exposure to radioactive and carcinogen substances" on missions in the Balkans. Stefano Melone was suddenly, in February 2000, diagnosed with cancer (Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of the bone, lung and pleura). In August 2000 a military commission acknowledged the link between his illness and the military service abroad, so he applied for a pension. However, after many surgical operations, he died on 8th November 2001 in Milan, at the age of 40. Since then, his wife has been engaged in a battle to obtain compensation from the Ministry of Defence, together with many other soldiers and families in similar situations. Before dying, Stefano had asked his wife to do this, so that their children and all the other families could safeguard a future in spite of the terrible pain and loss. To date, 27 Italian soldiers have died of lymphoma, cancer or leukaemia, and 260 are currently ill, after their missions abroad. Many of these missions took place in countries where DU has been used, including Bosnia, Kosovo, and Iraq. After three reports and many mistakes, a commission nominated by the Ministry of Defence, has eventually acknowledged an increase in lymphoma among soldiers assigned to missions in the Balkans. In spite of that, the Italian Ministry of Defence refuses to give compensation to their families, let alone to admit that DU has a role in these cases. Hardly any information is given to soldiers currently on missions abroad about the risks the are facing, and whoever complains about this lack of information is treated as a traitor and marginalised. It is too expensive and difficult to obtain medical tests and therapies for these kinds of health problems. Only a few soldiers or families have the courage to stand up and ask for compensation after illness or death. On the 26th of June, in Rome, the magistrates of a local court have ruled that the Ministry of Defence must pay 500.000 Euros in compensation to Stefano Melone's family. By Francesco Iannuzzelli of Peacelink, Italy (http://www.peacelink.it/). New Paper from Dr. Rosalie Bertell As her testimony to the Hiroshima World Tribunal on Iraq the wonderful Dr Rosalie Bertell has written a new paper “The Use of DU Weapons in War”. It is available from the CADU website and in paper form from the office Free Huda Ammash Female Iraqi scientist Huda Ammash has been held by US forces after claims that she was involved in Iraq’s WMD programme. Now that the Iraq Survey Group has found that there were no missiles, or indeed WMD programmes, CADU believes Dr Ammash, who in the past has spoken out about DU, must be released. CADU opposes all imprisonment without trial or evidence. Vieques Bomb Targets Proposed for Superfund Listing The Atlantic Fleet Weapons Training Area (AFWTA) on and around the islands of Vieques and Culebra, Puerto Rico used for live fire training for 100 years may soon be declared a Superfund site. Responding to the request of Puerto Rico Governor Sila Calderon, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Friday proposed to add the area to the list of the country’s most contaminated hazardous waste sites. The listing would make the site eligible for federal cleanup funding. Contaminants of the land and water may include depleted uranium, mercury, lead, copper, magnesium, lithium, perchlorate, TNT, napalm, PCBs, solvents and pesticides, the EPA said. Protesters camped, demonstrated and were arrested repeatedly until the Navy agreed to cease the live fire practice in 2003. UNEP to Study Environmental Hotspots in Iraq Since the attack on Iraq in 2003 the United Nations Environmental Programme has been wanting to go into Iraq to study the environmental effects of the conflict. The United States and UK governments have not allowed this to happen, citing the security situation as the reason. UNEP has now announced a revised programme by which it will work with Iraqi scientists, from the Iraqi Ministry of the Environment, to carry out a study of a variety of environmental hotspots in Iraq and samples will be sent back to Europe for analysis. The study of depleted uranium is conspicuously missing from the press release announcing the project, which cites other areas of concern such as sulphur mines and chemical refinery sites. However in an interview with Pekka Haavisto, 46, a former Finnish environment minister who now chairs the U.N. Environment Program’s post-conflict environmental- assessments task force on Iraq, said “And of course, DU also is a concern, because some of these vehicles, especially tanks, may have been targeted with DU weapons. Our experience from the Balkans is you have to clean the DU from the tanks before you recycle the metal. This is a high priority....Then if you speak of the Gulf War of 1991, there are figures indicating that up to 280 tons of DU munitions were used. If you compare that with Kosovo, where 9 tons of DU was used, and with Bosnia where 3 tons was fired, the amount used in Iraq is quite big. DU Round Found on Military Base Where it Was ‘Never Used’ Army contractors uncovered a DU round at the Cape Edwards military, New England, USA, base. Army officials have long said DU was never fired on Camp Edwards. But some Upper Cape base activists said the military didn't always monitor defense contractors who improved and developed weapons. Investigators concluded it was a depleted uranium round after testing it with a machine that measures radioactivity, said groundwater program manager Kent "Hap" Gonser. James Kinney of Sandwich, a member of the citizen panel that monitors the Camp Edwards cleanup, "I don't think anyone just happened to have one depleted uranium round out there that fell out of their pocket," Kinney said. "If there was one, I'm sure there were more." It makes us wonder how many other military bases have used DU in secret? Draft Convention to Ban Uranium Weapons Now Ready A draft convention to ban uranium weapons has now been prepared by Manfred Mohr and A. Samsel of IALANA. The convention has been adopted by ICBUW and can now be used in campaigning work to advance its progress into the United Nations as a treaty. Entitled a “Draft Convention on the prohibition of development, production, stockpiling, transfer and use of uranium weapons and on their destruction”. The Draft Convention contains a general and comprehensive prohibition of the development, production, transport, storage, possession, transfer and use of uranium ammunition, uranium armour-plate and of any other military use of uranium. The Convention also outlines obligations concerning the abolition of uranium weapons and the destruction of uranium weapons construction facilities. The Convention obliges signatories to decontaminate or to ensure a rapid decontamination of contaminated areas at most five years after its entry into force, emphasising the protection of and assistance to civilians living in these areas. Each State Party that uses uranium weapons in a conflict is responsible for the consequences, including compensation of the victims. Please contact CADU for more details. CERRIE Fails to Find Agreement The Committee Examining Radiation Risks from Internal Emitters (CERRIE), which was set up by former environment minister Michael Meacher to review models used to estimate health risks from radioactive materials, has failed to include the minority report of dissenting scientists from ‘The Low Level Radiation Campaign’ (LLRC). Scientists representing Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth were among those who agreed not to include the opinion of LLRC and the exact reasons their opinion was not included are not clear at this point. Michael Meacher has reacted angrily to the news, accusing the final report of giving a one-sided establishment opinion. What is clear is that the failure of CERRIE to reach a position on the dangers of low level radiation is a grave disappointment for all those who campaign on the issue and were hoping it represented a unique opportunity for an authoritative new understanding of the issue. The minority report is being released by LLRC and copies can be obtained by emailing bramhall@llrc.org CADU at the Boston Social Forum This July I was invited to speak at the International Peace Conference which was organised by the American Friends’ Service Committee and our friend Joseph Gerson. At the same event, US groups had organised a workshop on DU and kindly invited me to speak and share in the workshop. I explained the history of our own organisation and the progress we were making in the UK, not to mention our dismay when we knew that the UK and the US had again dared to use DU in the recent Gulf War. I was also keen to emphasise the international character of the campaign now and the strength of the newly formed ICBUW. It was so useful to be meeting up in the US with our campaigning friends there; after all it is only the US and the UK governments who have used these radiological weapons. It was so cold in Boston that all the meeting rooms were chilly, but I was told even the air conditioning couldn’t be adjusted! This is even more chilling when you consider the advanced technological weapons the US military has under its command...But the workshop got a good audience with some new folks to the campaign. Our thanks to the Military Toxics Project for setting up the meeting. Rae Street- CADU Support CADU Through Using Your Telephone! CADU has a partnership with the ethical phone provider, The Phone Coop which allows CADU supporters to support CADU while accessing a great and cheap phone service. The Phone Coop has a new 1p anytime and 1p evenings & weekends offer which not only makes it highly competitive but means CADU receives a proportion of all profits. If you are interested in becoming a member please contact us at the office. A Message to All CADU Supporters CADU is very pleased to announce that we have received funding for a part time worker from the Joseph Rowntree Reform Trust Limited. This gives us the security to carry on planning our work for the year ahead. As our supporters know the last year has been a difficult time for CADU financially and without donations from individuals and groups we would not have been able to carry on. Thank you for all your support over the years which has allowed us to reach the position we have. Subscribe to CADU News - by affiliating to CADU Affiliation rates (including a paper copy of CADU News four times a year) are £8 per year (unwaged/student) £10 per year (waged) and £30 (groups), but please consider donating more than this if possible. Please send a cheque or a request for a standing order to: CADU, Bridge 5 Mill, 22a Beswick St, Manchester M4 7HR [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------ Yahoo! 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