***************************************************************** 10/14/04 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 12.246 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 Nuclear Material Goes Missing In Iraq from today's Oread Daily 2 [NYTr] "Confusion" over Iraq nuclear assets 3 [NYTr] Blix Says US Failed to Control Nuclear Sites 4 [NYTr] The Saga of the Weapons of Mass Destruction 5 Daily Collegian: Former CIA analyst says Iraq policies manipulated 6 US: The Blade: Soros: Bush lied about Iraq weapons 7 Xinhuanet: IAEA to probe disappearance of nuclear materials in Iraq 8 UK Independent: Another day, another apology of sorts - 9 Interfax: Russian nuclear agency chief meets with Iranian delegation 10 Korea: Digital Chosunilbo: China Continues North Korea Diplomatic Ef 11 Interfax: Russia, China stand for non-nuclear status of Korean Penin 12 US: USATODAY.com: Pollution cleanups pit Pentagon against regulators 13 US: UPI: Report: Cargo nuke inspections flawed - 14 US: Las Vegas Mercury: Enough is enough 15 US: AxisofLogic: Media Critiques 16 US: NRC: NRC to Hold Public Meeting on Proposed Rule on Requirements 17 Nuke Weapons Appeal Signed by 18 Nobels, 205 Organisations 18 The Heral: Scottish firms urged to make sparks in China’s 19 DAWN: 'Khan network supplied N-parts made in Europe, Southeast Asia' NUCLEAR REACTORS 20 Interfax: Russia-Iran nuclear energy cooperation doesn't involve mil 21 US: Tennessean: Environmentalists irked over firm making reactor fue 22 US: Platts: Domenici: Senate funding for nuclear exceeds House level 23 US: Times Argus: Federal regulators to hold hearing on Yankee power 24 US: Boston.com: NRC investigating report of operator napping 25 Iraqi govt: nuke sites now fully protected 26 US: NRC: NRC Begins Special Inspection at Hope Creek Nuclear Power P 27 US: NRC: Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collecti NUCLEAR SAFETY 28 US: Challis Messenger: Snake River Alliance meets with locals 29 Interfax: Russian soldiers to observe nuclear safety training in Eng 30 US: Times-Picayune: N.O. contractor unfazed by vote 31 US: NRC: NRC Proposes $3,000 Fine Against Integrated Production Serv 32 US: Boston.com: Report challenges US port security NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 33 News agency: Kyrgyzstan Blocks Nuclear Shipments 34 Findlaw: The Yucca Mountain Radioactive Waste Site Controversy - 35 US: deseret news: Nuclear waste transit safe? 36 US: Salt Lake Tribune: West states in dark on moving N-waste 37 US: Charleston.Net: Opinion: Editorials Progress on nuclear waste si 38 US: AU ABC: Uranium levels in NT water 'safe'. 39 KRNV: Attorney General says Yucca meeting was illegal 40 UK: News & Star: PLUTONIUM IN SHELLFISH ROW 41 US: NRC: NRC Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste to Meet Oct. 19-21 NUCLEAR WEAPONS US DEPT. OF ENERGY 42 Daily Camera: Tests on Flats deer show little radiation OTHER NUCLEAR ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Nuclear Material Goes Missing In Iraq from today's Oread Daily Date: Thu, 14 Oct 2004 15:20:56 -0500 (CDT) Nuclear Material Goes Missing In Iraq - Oread Daily Well, the invasion that was to make the world "safer" has been proven once more to have made the world more dangerous instead. It now seems that the removal of nuclear materials from Iraq's mothballed nuclear facilities continued long after the U.S.-led invasion and was carried out by people with access to heavy machinery and demolition equipment. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) told the Security Council this week that equipment and materials that could be used to make atomic weapons had been vanishing from Iraq without either Baghdad or Washington noticing. "This process carried on at least through 2003 ... and probably into 2004, at least in early 2004," said a Western diplomat close to the (IAEA), which monitored Iraq's nuclear sites before last year's war. Several diplomats close to the IAEA said the disappearance of the nuclear items was not the result of haphazard looting. They said the removal of the dual-use equipment -- which before the war was tagged and closely monitored by the IAEA to ensure it was not being used in a weapons program -- was planned and executed by people who knew what they were doing. "We're talking about dozens of sites being dismantled," a diplomat said on condition of anonymity. "Large numbers of buildings taken down, warehouses were emptied and removed. This would require heavy machinery, demolition equipment. This is not something that you'd do overnight." Diplomats in Vienna say the IAEA is worried that these facilities, which belonged to Saddam's pre-1991 covert nuclear weapons program, could have been packed up and sold to a country or militants interested in nuclear weapons. The diplomats said that among the sites that had been stripped were a precision manufacturing site at Umm Al Marik, a site connected with Iraq's nuclear weapons activities at Al Qa Qaa and an engineering facility at Badr. One diplomat said there were "dozens of others" that gradually disappeared from satellite photos analyzed by IAEA experts at its headquarters in Vienna. Independent expert Alex Standish, editor of Jane's Intelligence Digest, said Iraqi nuclear and weapons-related material that was monitored by the U.N. before the invasion had since been found in Europe. Raw "yellowcake" uranium, apparently from Iraq, was found in Rotterdam last December, he said. "It seems extremely negligent for the authorities in Iraq to allow this quantity of material to have been exported from the country," Standish said. In a letter to the Security Council on Monday, the head of the International Atomic Energy Agency, Mohamed ElBaradei, said satellite photos and follow-up investigations show "widespread and apparently systematic dismantlement" at sites related to Iraq's nuclear program which had been subject to monitoring by the United Nations nuclear watchdog. While some industrial material Iraq has sent overseas has been located in other countries, Dr ElBaradei said no high-precision items - including milling machines and electron beam welders that can be used commercially and in nuclear weapons - have been found. An IAEA spokeswoman, Melissa Fleming, said the agency's assumption is this was looting by people trying "to make a buck" and sell equipment and material to the highest bidder. Following the revelations, the former UN chief weapons inspector, Hans Blix, said the US had failed to control suspected nuclear sites in Iraq after last year's invasion, allowing crucial equipment to disappear. Dr Blix said it was scandalous for the US to lose control of the situation after the end of the war. Dr Blix's comments were echoed by the former senior American weapons inspector, David Kay. He said it was inexcusable that the US had insufficient troops on the ground to prevent widespread looting after the first phase of military operations ended. Anne Patterson, the US's deputy ambassador to the UN, said the US mission had not yet received Dr ElBaradei's letter. "We're anxious to see what he has to say and we'll do a full investigation," she said, adding quickly: "I mean, we'll work with the government of Iraq on a full investigation." During the period of UN inspections, the IAEA kept tabs on these nuclear facilities, but, in the wake of the U.S. invasion, it was not allowed any on the ground inspections and consequently has little or no idea where the nuclear materials have actually gone. Now, the UN weapons inspectors are preparing to return to Iraq to investigate the disappearnces. "We are ready, subject to Security Council guidance and the prevailing security situation, to resume our Security Council mandated verification activities in Iraq," IAEA spokesman Mark Gwozdecky said. The IAEA is also concerned about the health of Iraqi citizens living anywhere near the atomic facilities. In that regard, Greenpeace charged that the response of both the U.S. occupation authorities and the new interim Iraqi government to the problem of looting and possible radiation exposure has been inadequate. "Nothing has been done to date," the group said about providing medical help to the surrounding communities. Greenpeace says, "When US troops rolled into Baghdad, they ensured that the oil ministry was immediately under guard. In the south, oil pipelines and wells were surrounded with armored vehicles. Yet in Tuwaitha, where Saddam Hussein's nuclear research was conducted, a site previously sealed by the UN International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and containing nuclear equipment and materials had not a single soldier outside its door. Local residents took what they could, including barrels to use for cooking and water storage that they simply emptied of their uranium yellowcake contents." Greenpeace's mission to Tuwaitha 16 months ago was among the first by an independent organization investigating Iraq's nuclear infrastructure. The mission actually collected radioactive materials that had been looted from the site and returned them to the nuclear facility there. In addition to the obvious absence of certain kinds of equipment, Greenpeace found the site unguarded by U.S. soldiers or local security forces and that local residents had taken much of the materials, including barrels containing uranium yellowcake to use for cooking and water storage in their homes. Among other things, the Greenpeace mission took measurements in people's homes, finding in one case radiation levels 10,000 times greater than the surrounding area. It also secured the contaminated barrels by exchanging them with new ones it brought to the area. And that ain't all folks. The UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission - responsible for overseeing the elimination of any banned Iraqi missile, chemical and biological weapons programs - said Iraqi authorities have shipped thousands of tons of scrap metal out of the country during the past year. A commission report said the export was handled by the Iraqi Ministry of Trade, which was under the direct supervision of US occupation authorities until June 28, when the Americans handed power to Iraq's interim government. It said that the shipments included at least 42 engines from banned missiles and other equipment that could be used to produce banned weapons. This all should be seen as a Bush Administration scandal of unprecedented proportions. It should be on the front page of every US newspaper and the lead story on all the TV news shows. Why isn't it? Sources: Xinhua, RTE News, Sydney Morning Herald, Reuters, Anti-War.com, Greenpeace International To view the Oread Daily go to http://groups.yahoo.com/group/OreadDaily/ Subscribe to the Oread Daily at OreadDailysubscribe@yahoogroups.com Contact the Oread Daily at dgscooldesign@yahoo.com ***************************************************************** 2 [NYTr] "Confusion" over Iraq nuclear assets Date: Thu, 14 Oct 2004 08:03:03 -0500 (CDT) Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit sent by Simon McGuinness (cubanews) BBC - Oct 12, 2004 http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/world/middle_east/3736158.stm Confusion over Iraq nuclear assets By David Bamford BBC security correspondent The statement by Mohamed ElBaradei, head of the UN's nuclear monitoring agency, on the disappearance of nuclear equipment and materials in Iraq, may give rise to some confusion. The IAEA director-general said entire buildings related to Iraq's former nuclear programme appeared to have been dismantled, and that the agency had lost track of high-precision equipment thought to have been inside the buildings. News headlines have been full for months of acknowledgements in the US and elsewhere that Iraq had long ago abandoned plans to build nuclear weapons. Yet now the IAEA is talking of equipment known to have been in Iraq as recently as last year that had potential nuclear use. Back in the 1970s and 80s, Iraq did have a civilian nuclear programme, being developed under close supervision by the IAEA. It suffered a major setback in 1981 when the Israelis attacked and destroyed Iraq's French-built Osirak nuclear reactor. Since then, atomic energy inspectors have visited Iraq but they were forced to leave last year because of the Iraq war. Answers needed The Americans have still not allowed them back for further inspections, and this seems to be a key factor lying behind Mr ElBaradei's statement now. He says the agency knows in which buildings this sensitive equipment was stored when it left Iraq. Now satellite photos suggest the entire buildings have been dismantled. The Iraqi interim Minister of Science and Technology, Rashad Omar, told the BBC that the buildings concerned were comprehensively looted during the days following the American-led capture of Baghdad last year and before the coalition troops could secure the facilities. He said the US did take control - with the approval of the IAEA - of quantities of low-grade uranium. Since the transfer of sovereignty, the Iraqi government has assumed responsibility for the sites. An IAEA spokesman, Mark Gwozdecky, said that the Agency has been monitoring foreign ports to try to track the flow of nuclear-related and 'dual-usage' items out of Iraq. He said there has been a steady flow of mildly radioactive scrap items, including missile engines, turning up in locations including Jordan and the Netherlands. The IAEA says it cannot do its job of guarding the world against secret nuclear proliferation if it is prevented from keeping track of such equipment. The Americans may well know what has happened to it - or they may not. Mr ElBaradei does not know because he has been kept out of the information loop - and he wants some answers. (c) BBC MMIV * Search the NYTr Archives at: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ To subscribe or unsubscribe or change your settings via the web, visit: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail: nyt@blythe.org ================================================================= ***************************************************************** 3 [NYTr] Blix Says US Failed to Control Nuclear Sites Date: Thu, 14 Oct 2004 08:03:53 -0500 (CDT) Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit sent by Simon McGuinness (cubanews) [Note the use of the world "claims" -- it's not TRUE, it's not something Blix SAID, it's just a "claim" -- which carries with it the implication that it's just not so. Shame on RTE. --NY Transfer] RTE NEWS (Ireland) - Oct 13, 2004 http://www.rte.ie/news/2004/1013/iraq Blix claims US failed to control nuclear sites The former UN chief weapons inspector, Hans Blix, has said the US failed to control suspected nuclear sites in Iraq after last year's invasion, allowing crucial equipment to disappear. His comments came after the International Atomic Energy Agency expressed concern at the loss. Dr Blix said it was scandalous for the US to lose control of the situation after the end of the war. Dr Blix's comments were echoed by the former senior American weapons inspector, David Kay. He said it was inexcusable that the US had insufficient troops on the ground to prevent widespread looting after the first phase of military operations ended. However, the US State Department spokesman, Richard Boucher, said the IAEA had two opportunities since to inspect facilities and make sure that materials were properly accounted for. Mr Boucher said the US did not have detailed knowledge of what might have disappeared. * Search the NYTr Archives at: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ To subscribe or unsubscribe or change your settings via the web, visit: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail: nyt@blythe.org ================================================================= ***************************************************************** 4 [NYTr] The Saga of the Weapons of Mass Destruction Date: Thu, 14 Oct 2004 08:04:38 -0500 (CDT) Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit ent by Cort Greene In Defence of Marxism - Oct 11, 2004 http://www.marxist.com The Saga of the Weapons of Mass Destruction And when they got there the cupboard was bare By Maarten Vanheuverswyn Wait until Charlie gets back with the final report, George Bush said confidently in June in reply to reporters fishing after a confession of the president that there were no weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. Last week, on October 6, Charles Duelfer, chief US weapons inspector, finally presented his report on the question. The outcome of the report comes as no surprise but nevertheless caused a stir, not least in the ruling circles in the United States and Britain. Despite some small reservations, the report is indeed no less than a devastating blow to Bush and Blair. The boomerang effect When the US and British troops invaded, Saddam had no chemical weapons, let alone nuclear or biological weapons. That is very roughly speaking the synopsis of the 1,000-page report the Iraq Survey Group (ISG) came up with. The ISG, ironically, had been set up by George Bush himself to prove the existence of the much-feared weapons of mass destruction threatening the whole of humanity. Twelve hundred inspectors scoured Iraq for more than one year after the start of the war. The results, however, backfire on the president as they prove exactly the opposite. What everybody already knew is now official: Iraq had no nuclear weapons program and neither did it have the technological capacity to build an arsenal. It took an army of hundreds of UN weapons inspectors and a splendid little war to establish this truth. Saddam had no weapons factories or top-secret chemical laboratories. So what was all the fuss about then? First we were told that Iraq was able to produce biological agents like anthrax and that Saddam had existing and active military hardware for the use of chemical and biological weapons which could be activated within 45 minutes. After the first cracks in the wall appeared, Blair was forced to express his first reservations about his earlier bold claims. I have to accept we havent found them [WMD] and we may never find them. We dont know what has happened to them. They could have been removed. They could have been hidden. They could have been destroyed. (6 July 2004) After that we had the sad spectacle of the British prime minister having to make a mild confession: I have to accept, as the months have passed, it seems increasingly clear that at the time of the invasion, Saddam did not have stockpiles of chemical or biological weapons ready to deploy. (14 July 2004) And now there is an official report demolishing their assertions. Confronted with this unfortunate outcome, Bush and Blair are in a tight corner now. But no worries, Bush and Blair seem to think. No matter the report, there is still enough justification for a war that drags on relentlessly. In an astonishing frank declaration, Bush told the press that he would have gone to war anyway as even without the WMD there was a clear case for war. Saddam may not have had any stockpiles, but he still had a weapons programme and thus was a threat to world peace. Also Blair, though carefully weighing his words, refused to apologise for his pack of lies. I can apologise for the information that turned out to be wrong, but I cant, sincerely at least, apologise for removing Saddam. One can only scratch ones head in bewilderment. Thousands of innocent Iraqis have died in a brutal and illegal war, two leaders of two big nations have blatantly lied about the motives for the war, and the only thing they can come up with is that the world is a safer place now and that it was a matter of time before he was going to begin pursuing those weapons of mass destruction. The comment that Saddam was capable of developing chemical weapons is irrelevant anyway, as every industrialised country in the world can come up with this weaponry provided sufficient investments in this area and the biggest countries of course already have plenty of these weapons themselves! A not so pleasant lesson in history Of course, Saddam in the past did have a good amount of weapons of mass destruction. So much is sure. But we also know who provided them. It is an open secret that he got those weapons from his then American friends in the White House. Chemical weapons were particularly useful in the 1980-88 war between Iran and Iraq. The eighties were the years in which US imperialism more and more started to interfere in the Middle East. In 1980 president Jimmy Carter announced the Carter doctrine. In response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan that had just taken place, he stated: An attempt by an outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force. This actually meant that the US would intervene in the Persian Gulf region to secure its oil resources. What followed was a cynical game of divide and rule. Fearing the revolutionary consequences of the 1979 Iranian revolution, the United States urged Saddam to attack Iran. The dictator was no more than a US agent at the time, challenging the Islamic fundamentalist regime that had overthrown the Shah, the major US ally in the region. A positive side effect was that the US had access to the Iraqi market now and could make a nice profit. That Saddam used these weapons against his own people and to suppress the Kurds did not interest them at all. The whole commotion about weapons of mass destruction is no more than a coup de thibtre and has always reeked of hypocrisy. In the 1980s, Iraq was dropped from the list of countries supporting terrorism. The Americans stepped up diplomatic relations with the country, even after the proven use of chemical weapons against Iranian troops. None other than Donald Rumsfeld, the present Defence Secretary, was sent as a special envoy to Iraq in 1983-84 and shook the hand of Saddam. Through the CIA they gave significant financial and logistic support to the Iraqi regime. As a result of the support of Western imperialism and some Arabic states, Iraq was winning the war in 1988. The victory, however, was a Pyrrhic victory. Both countries were exhausted after eight years of war. The imperialists had skilfully managed to play off Iran and Iraq against each other, once supporting Iraq, then propping up Iran, as this was the best way to serve their own interests. No wonder Saddam felt betrayed because his American allies did not want to go too far in their support. We know how the story ends. Just as Osama bin Laden turned his back on his former American allies, Saddam also was the proverbial dog that turned around and bit his master. It is only since then that he became a persona non grata and that the hue and cry over his weapons of mass destruction started. Weapons of mass deception The whole WMD saga has a logic of its own it is the story about the master and his rebellious slave. You dont obey me anymore? Then Ill punish you! Although in the beginning of the 1990s Saddam accepted a very strict regime issued by the United Nations and in effect dismantled his chemical weapons facilities, the powers-that-be decided this abandonment would never be enough. That is why for more than a decade, US imperialism has always been harping on the same subject: the weapons of mass destruction. This hypocritical policy of double standards started with George W. Bushs father. However, let us not forget that the Clinton administration has also been singing the same tune for eight years. It was under the Clinton government that Iraq was paralysed by a vicious economic blockade that resulted in anything between half a million and a million dead. Both the Republicans and Democrats were involved in this crime up to their ears. US imperialism and British imperialism should not even try to teach moral lessons. It simply does not make sense, and they know it. History knows enough examples of the crimes they have committed in the name of peace and democracy. However, since any stick will do to beat a dog, the so-called weapons of mass destruction are a convenient tool serving as an excuse for something they would have done anyway (a fact which, ironically, they now are forced to admit). What is more effective than to talk in the void about these horrible weapons the United States have no lack of themselves? The public has to be scared so that the leaders can do what they want, even initiating a pre-emptive war against a country that had already been brought to its knees through the scandalous UN sanctions. If the truth is to be said, weapons of mass destruction never really were a concern. They were merely used to create a smoke-screen with which to fool the worlds public opinion. How else to explain that Bush and Blair have not invaded North Korea? This country most certainly possesses weapons of mass destruction in fact, quite a nuclear armoury. One wonders where the consistency is as far as the benign interventionism of these moral crusaders is concerned. Of course, political, economic and geostrategic interests determine the agenda of the world powers. We have explained many times that the war in Iraq was not merely a manoeuvre to get hold of the oil, but was also motivated by the broader desire of US imperialism to get a strategic advantage over its European and Asian competitors. Where theres muck theres brass, as the British say. Muck and money go together, or as Lenin was fond of saying: war is terrible, yes! Terribly profitable. Bush and Blair most certainly never had a genuine concern about Iraq possessing weapons of mass destruction. In fact, they would never have gone to war if they had feared Saddam could launch some nuclear missiles on their troops. They just calculated that Iraq was effectively powerless to defend itself. In other words, the loot was there, they only had to grab it. Problems not resolved Yes, some people will say, that is all well and good, but the fact is that the world has been freed from a ruthless dictator. That is true, but it misses the point. The question we have to ask ourselves is: is Iraq a safer place now? Are the Iraqis better off now than when Saddam was in power? Let the facts speak for themselves: more than one year after the official end of the war, there is no peace and prosperity at all. On the contrary, the country is in total chaos and disarray. Even American Secretary of Defence Donald Rumsfeld has been forced to admit the war is far from over. Ordinary Iraqis are afraid to go out on the streets and have long ceased to see this dirty war as a liberation. There is not much point in being happy to see Saddam Hussein removed, only to then see that your country is being occupied by several foreign powers that show no intent of leaving. Similarly, the claim that the war in Iraq is part of a fight against international terrorism is also sounding more and more hollow. Everybody with eyes to see is able to notice that the terrorism in Iraq has not decreased but increased. The link between Al Qaeda and Saddam has always been a flawed one, but it is very clear that Al Qaeda does have a base in Iraq now. It was peanuts for them to slip into the country after the havoc created by US and British imperialism. Since then, one suicide attack after another has paralysed the country. And Rumsfeld? The poor man himself is now casting doubt on whether there was ever a relationship between Saddam and Al Qaeda. To my knowledge, I have not seen any strong, hard evidence that links the two, he said, though a few hours later he stated he was regrettably misunderstood. This somersault was Rumsfelds second in as many days. Last week he also admitted U.S. intelligence on Iraqs non-existent weapons of mass destruction was faulty. The man seems to have lost his bearings. Credibility is also a quality that could come in handy for Bush and Blair. But what can Mr. Blair and Mr. Bush do? They are trapped in a vicious quagmire in Iraq, they can no longer seriously maintain their lies so in effect they are desperately clutching at straws. If it were not so tragic, it would be comical to see how these two world leaders try to justify their actions. Apparently, even from their point of view the war is not going according to plan. The war is costing billions of dollars instead of being profitable. A once flourishing culture is now trapped in a vicious spiral of violence and Iraq may be on the brink of civil war. This cannot be separated from the interference of the imperialist forces that see Iraq as a colony. The arrogant intervention has solved nothing and only heralds a new period of bloodshed, misery and instability. And the masses, as usual, are the losers in this game. October 11, 2004 * Search the NYTr Archives at: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ To subscribe or unsubscribe or change your settings via the web, visit: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail: nyt@blythe.org ================================================================= ***************************************************************** 5 Daily Collegian: Former CIA analyst says Iraq policies manipulated [http://www.collegian.psu.edu/] [ Thursday, Oct. 14, 2004 ] Former CIA analyst says Iraq policies manipulated By Kayur Patel [kayur@psu.edu] Collegian Staff Writer Ray McGovern, a former intelligence analyst, has seen the CIA from the inside. Last night, in a speech in front of more than 200, McGovern shared how presidential administrations "cooked intelligence" to fit their agendas. He reflected on his own experience as a CIA analyst of 27 years, including during the Vietnam era and related it to the current situation in Iraq. McGovern spoke of the way President George W. Bush's administration handled Iraq. "The decision to attack Iraq was made January 30, 2001," McGovern said. "In a meeting with national security officials, Bush's message wasn't about if or whether we should get Saddam, it was when and where." McGovern said the only thing left for Bush to do before attacking Iraq was to convince Congress to go to war. He said Bush convinced Congress with a forged document saying Iraq was seeking uranium in Africa. McGovern also discussed the number of U.S. troops in Iraq. He said U.S. Army Chief of Staff Eric Shinseki needed 400,000 troops, but only received a fraction of that. "If these guys get four more years, you'll see 500,000 troops in Iraq," McGovern said. "We're not going to get 500,000 troops without a draft." McGovern mentioned the death toll in Iraq. While about 1,000 American soldiers have died, McGovern said the most conservative Iraqi civilian death toll was 13,000, according to www.iraqbodycount.net -- which he said uses two reliable sources -- and a more accurate guess would be 37,000, from officials inside Iraq. "I'm heartbroken that kids [college students'] age, my age, went to join the Army and now they're flags on a mantelpiece for no reason," Brian Morrison (senior-film and video production) said following McGovern's speech. [PHOTO: Randall Mortzfield] PHOTO: Randall Mortzfield Former CIA analyst Ray McGovern speaks in 112 Chambers. Last night's crowd was so large that a closed-circuit television was set up in another room in the building. McGovern said the reason the Iraqi death toll is unknown is because the media is not covering it. "There's no free press anymore," McGovern said. "Talk about fascism, when corporations and the government get together and have control over the press, you get pretty damn close." He began his speech with the original role of the CIA. He explained that the non-partisan agency held one agent accountable for gathering intelligence on a specific subject. "It was an agency without an agenda," McGovern said. "We could tell it like it is. We got to the truth as close as possible." He continued by speaking about former President Lyndon B. Johnson waging war in Vietnam. McGovern said one of his fellow agents, Sam Adams, researched Vietnam's army size and uncovered about 500,000 fighting against the U.S. Army. McGovern said the Army, in a secret memo, told Adams the press would have a field day with those numbers. However, Army generals told Adams to report the number of people in the Vietnamese army at about 200,000. McGovern said both he and Adams deeply regretted not giving that memo to the press because many lives, both American and Vietnamese, could have been saved. Despite battling a cold, McGovern talked for more than two hours, and fielded many questions from the audience. "He gave a lot of insight that the average citizen does not know and should know," Kristen Cortez (junior-biobehavioral science) said. "I understand how you could see his talk to be politically fueled, but he's getting out the truth." Collegian Inc. Updated: 2004-10-14 0:49:47 -4 ***************************************************************** 6 The Blade: Soros: Bush lied about Iraq weapons toledoblade.com Thursday, October 14, 2004 Frist blisters Kerry, Edwards for opposing medical liability reform BLADE COLUMBUS BUREAU COLUMBUS - Billionaire George Soros said yesterday that President Bush and his two top advisers "deliberately deceived" the American public, Congress, and the United Nations when they said Iraq had imported material to make nuclear weapons. "President Bush, Vice President [Dick] Cheney, and [National Security Adviser] Condoleeza Rice knew that Saddam had no nuclear capacity long before they invaded Iraq," Mr. Soros said in a speech to about 350 people in the Columbus convention center. Mr. Soros, a financier, philanthropist, and an author on society and economics, cited an Oct. 3 story by The New York Times. The newspaper reported that the White House claim that thousands of aluminum tubes were intended for use in centrifuges for enriching uranium was made despite warnings from the Energy Department and the State Department that the tubes were too small for that use. Dave Beckwith, a spokesman for Mr. Bush's re-election campaign, referred to Mr. Soros' charges as "partisan and ludicrous." "The Bush administration acted on the best available intelligence. Their first motivation was protecting the American public," he said. A mile away from where Mr. Soros spoke, Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist said Democratic Sens. John Kerry and John Edwards have "opposed every initiative for reasonable and common-sense medical liability reform." "Look at their record, not what they say," said Mr. Frist, a Tennessee Republican who met with area physicians. "They basically talk. While John Edwards is talking, he's been out suing doctors for a long period of time, which drives up the cost and decreases the availability of liability [insurance]." Brendon Cull, a spokesman for the Democratic coordinated campaign in Ohio, said: "Less than 1 percent of the cost of health care is from malpractice lawsuits. Ohio voters know the real expense is coming from high drug costs and profits to insurance companies. "The Bush-Cheney campaign is out of touch if they are telling 114,000 Ohioans who lost their health care in the last three years that the real problem is medical malpractice," Mr. Cull said. Mr. Soros' speech and Mr. Frist's comments on medical malpractice insurance in Columbus were another sign of how the presidential race is focusing on swing states, including Ohio. He is on a 12-city tour to promote the paperback edition of his latest book and build support for Mr. Kerry. Mr. Soros said the United States faces a "vicious circle of escalating violence with no end in sight" because of Mr. Bush's doctrine of pre-emptive strikes against nations that harbor terrorists, used to justify the invasion of Iraq. "When he said that 'either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists,' I heard alarm bells ringing," he said. "I am afraid that he is leading us in a very dangerous direction. We are losing the values that have made America great." The Toledo Blade Company, 541 N. Superior St., Toledo, OH 43660 , (419) 724-6000 ***************************************************************** 7 Xinhuanet: IAEA to probe disappearance of nuclear materials in Iraq www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2004-10-14 11:11:45 VIENNA, Oct. 13 (Xinhuanet) -- The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) will send inspectors back to Iraq to probe the disappearance of nuclear materials and equipment in the country, aspokesman for the UN nuclear watchdog said Wednesday. "We are ready, subject to Security Council guidance and the prevailing security situation, to resume our Security Council mandated verification activities in Iraq," IAEA spokesman Mark Gwozdecky said. His words came in response to an IAEA report submitted Monday to the UN Security Council, in which its head Mohamed ElBaradei said satellite images show equipment and materials that could be used to make nuclear weapons have vanished from Iraq. Entire buildings once monitored and tagged by the agency have been dismantled, and equipment and materials in open storage areashave been removed, ElBaradei said, calling on countries to provideinformation concerning their whereabouts The chief inspector said that through visits to other countries,the IAEA had been able to identify quantities of industrial items,some radioactively contaminated, that had been transferred out of Iraq from sites monitored by the agency. "However, none of the high-quality dual-use equipment or materials referred to above has been found," he added. The equipment's disappearance could be "of proliferation significance". But Iraqi Science and Technology Minister Rashad Mandan Omar said Wednesday that his country's nuclear facilities are under full protection of the interim government. He invited the IAEA to visit the sites at any time. While noting that nothing had gone missing after the US-led warin March 2003, Omar pointed out that several buildings at Tuwaitha,a large compound for nuclear facilities in the south of Baghdad, had been renovated to turn the area into a science park. Other officials of the ministry said the IAEA came back two months ago to inspect some facilities and seal some equipment. Theequipment has been transferred by the Iraqi government to other heavily-guarded places. Since 1991, the IAEA has been required by UN Security Council resolutions to submit progress reports every six months on its inspections of Iraq's nuclear weapons program. However, the agencypulled out of the country on the eve of the war last year, and since then has been concentrating on analyzing information collected before. Enditem Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 8 UK Independent: Another day, another apology of sorts - but still Blair fails to answer critics over the war and the misuse of false intelligence 14 October 2004 14 July "I have to accept, as the months have passed, it seems increasingly clear that at the time of invasion, Saddam did not have stockpiles of chemical or biological weapons ready to deploy ... I accept full personal responsibility for the way in which the issue was presented." Tony Blair, House of Commons statement on the Butler report 26 September "I have been very happy to take full responsibility for information that turned out to be wrong ... It's absolutely right that we've apologised to people for the information that was given being wrong." Tony Blair, interview in "The Observer" 28 September "The evidence about Saddam having actual biological and chemical weapons, as opposed to the capability to develop them, has turned out to be wrong. I acknowledge that and accept it. I can apologise for the information that turned out to be wrong, but I can't, sincerely at least, apologise for removing Saddam." Tony Blair, Labour Party conference 7 October "All of us, from the Prime Minister down, who were involved in making an incredibly difficult decision, are very sorry and do apologise for the fact that that information was wrong, but I don't think we were wrong to go in." Patricia Hewitt, Trade and Industry Secretary, BBC1's "Question Time" 12 October "As the Prime Minister did in his speech at our party conference, of course I do accept that some of the information on which we based our judgement was wrong." Jack Straw, Foreign Secretary, House of Commons 12 October "People have respect for someone who stands up in the Commons and takes responsibility for his mistakes. He is clear about what he is expressing regret for; the Prime Minister regrets mistakes in intelligence, but that doesn't undermine the key point about the reason for going to war." Prime Minister's official spokesman Yesterday, 13th October "He [Mr Blair] has made it absolutely clear that he is sorry about the sorts of issue - the information issue, the 45-minute issue - he is very sorry about that. That's absolutely clear, that is what the position is. We know the intelligence on which it was based is flawed and we are sorry about that." Lord Falconer, Lord Chancellor, BBC Radio 4's "Today" programme Yesterday, 13th October "I take full responsibility, and indeed apologise, for any information given in good faith that has subsequently turned out to be wrong." Tony Blair, Prime Minister's Questions, House of Commons UK Independent Ltd. ***************************************************************** 9 Interfax: Russian nuclear agency chief meets with Iranian delegation [http://www.interfax.com] Oct 14 2004 2:57PM MOSCOW. Oct 14 (Interfax) - Chief of the Russian Federal Nuclear Energy Agency (Rosatom) Alexander Rumyantsev met with a delegation of Iranian parliamentarians in Moscow on Thursday, a Rosatom spokesman told Interfax. Iranian Ambassador to Russia Gholamreza Shafei also attended the meeting. "The sides discussed aspects of cooperation between the two countries in employing nuclear energy, developing economic ties between Russia and Iran, and also constructing the first unit of the Bushehr nuclear power plant in Iran," he said. © 1991-2004 Interfax All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 10 Korea: Digital Chosunilbo: China Continues North Korea Diplomatic Effort Updated Oct.14,2004 11:28 KST Ning Fukui/AP China is working to get stalled talks about North Korea's nuclear weapons development back on track. This comes as South Korea's military is on the lookout for North Korean submarines that may have entered the South's waters. Chinese Ambassador Ning Fukui arrived in Seoul Wednesday to discuss ways to bring North Korea back to the negotiating table. He was to meet with South Korea's chief nuclear negotiator, Deputy Foreign Minister Lee Soo-hyuk and other officials, then travel to Washington and Tokyo. North Korea declined to participate in a fourth round of talks in September with China, South Korea, Russia, Japan and the United States. They are trying to persuade Pyongyang to abandon its nuclear weapons programs. Speaking during a visit to Tokyo Wednesday, U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage said it is most important that China continue to lead diplomatic efforts on the nuclear dispute. He listed other key elements to the effort. "And, number two, make sure that North Koreans will not see us get impatient or nervous, that we're steady in the long run, we'll prevail on this and they'll come to know it. Third of all, to make sure we are very true to our allies in the Republic of Korea and make sure we share fully and completely with them all of our thoughts on this," said Mr. Armitage. Also Wednesday, defense officials in Seoul said navy ships have been hunting for two North Korean submarines thought to have entered the South's waters. But they say there has been no trace of the subs since the massive search began Sunday off the east coast. South Korean military officials have raised doubts about the credibility of the intelligence on the submarines, which apparently came from the United States. In the past, the North has used subs to slip spies into South Korea. In another sign of the prickly state of North Korea's international ties, South Korea's Red Cross on Wednesday said Seoul might reject Pyongyang's request for 100,000 tons of fertilizer. Seoul is delaying the shipment because North Korea has boycotted talks with it. The two Koreas technically remain at war. However, in recent years, the South has provided aid to Pyongyang, including fertilizer to help improve meager harvests in North Korea. Analyst Kim Tae-woo, at the Korean Institute for Defense Analysis in Seoul, says South Korea may delay the shipment as part of its strategy in dealing with the North. "That doesn't mean any policy shift on the part of the South Korean government," said Kim Tae-woo. "The [South] Korean government is waiting for some clue on which South Korea can justify its assistance to North Korea, so that doesn't mean any major shift in ... policy." He notes that four years ago after the North and South Korean navies exchanged gunfire along their maritime border, South Korea continued to send aid across the border. VOA News ***************************************************************** 11 Interfax: Russia, China stand for non-nuclear status of Korean Peninsula [http://www.interfax.com] Oct 14 2004 4:03PM BEIJING. Oct 14 (Interfax) - Russia and China stand for the soonest peaceful solution of the nuclear problem on the Korean Peninsula, says a joint declaration signed by Presidents Vladimir Putin and Hu Jintao in Beijing on Thursday. "The sides stand for the Korean Peninsula being free from nuclear weapons. They stress the importance of the soonest peaceful solution of the nuclear problem on the Korean Peninsula through dialogue and regard the six-nation negotiations as an efficient mechanism to achieve that goal. The sides positively assess the results of the third round of the negotiations held in June 2004," the declaration says. © 1991-2004 Interfax All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 12 USATODAY.com: Pollution cleanups pit Pentagon against regulators Posted 10/14/2004 12:19 AM Updated 10/14/2004 12:43 AM Pollution cleanups pit Pentagon against regulatorsBy Peter Eisler, USA TODAY DENVER — Amy Ford's baby girl was just learning to crawl last year when men in respirators and hazardous materials suits showed up at the family's suburban home to tear out the yard. Since then, workers have hauled away tons of asbestos-laced soil from the new development of $500,000 houses. The pollution is a vestige of Lowry Air Force Base, which closed in 1994 and was sold for $8 million to a redevelopment agency set up by the cities of Denver and Aurora. The 1,800-acre site now supports 2,800 homes, schools, shopping areas, offices and parks. State health and environmental officials found bits of asbestos in the ground in 2003 and ordered that all contaminated soil be removed. They said that if the soil was disturbed  by gardening or by children playing, for example  the asbestos fibers might get into the air and raise residents' risks of debilitating lung problems. But Air Force officials have refused to pay for the $15 million dig. They say the state used bad science to conclude that the risks from the asbestos were high enough to warrant a cleanup. That has left the redevelopment agency and builders to do the work and pay the bill. And the Air Force has done no cleanup at all on 22 vacant acres it still hasn't sold in the community. Pentagon and environment "You have citizens here who want to preserve property values, who want to preserve the safety of their families and see this community developed as it was promised," Ford says. "The Air Force is refusing to take responsibility." Lowry isn't the only neighborhood wrestling the military over environmental damage. Across the nation, the Pentagon is taking extraordinary steps to limit the military's accountability for a 50-year legacy of pollution, a USA TODAY investigation finds. The moves reflect a Bush administration view that the armed services' national security mission gives them special standing to challenge environmental laws and the state and federal agencies that enforce them. (Related graphic: An in-depth look at military bases' cleanup efforts That view has implications for millions of Americans who live on or around thousands of current and former military sites where soil and water are polluted by buried munitions, fuel spills, solvents or other waste. About one in 10 Americans  nearly 29 million  live within 10 miles of a military site that is listed as a national priority for hazardous-waste cleanup under the federal Superfund program, a USA TODAY analysis shows. In all, the Defense Department is responsible for more than 10% of the 1,240 total sites listed for priority cleanup under the program, which aims to restore the nation's most polluted properties, both public and private. Since 2001, Pentagon officials have stalled cleanups at scores of military sites where contamination from training and manufacturing has fouled soil and water. They've used their political clout to sidetrack new regulations that could force the services to spend hundreds of millions of dollars more to deal with pollution. And they've challenged state and federal regulators' power to make the military obey existing environmental laws. EPA backs off At the same time, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is backing off its oversight of the military. The agency is inspecting military sites less often and has cut the use of legal orders and fines to force the services to clean up pollution. Now the administration is pushing Congress to exempt millions of acres of military land from major environmental requirements. Four years after President Bush campaigned on a pledge to make the military "comply with environmental laws by which all of us must live," the White House is the Pentagon's chief ally in pushing for relief from such laws. Within the administration, "it's no secret that the EPA is running into this wall with the Pentagon," says Linda Fisher, who served two years as Bush's deputy EPA administrator  the agency's second-in- command  before returning to private work last year. "Is the Department of Defense taking (regulatory disputes) to the White House more often? Absolutely," says Fisher, who has held environmental jobs in every Republican administration since Ronald Reagan's. "Is the Department of Defense more powerful than the EPA? Yes." Defense officials say state and federal environmental agencies have too much power to demand costly and intrusive cleanups on military land. The Pentagon wants to cut its $4 billion a year in environmental costs  less than 1% of defense spending  by gaining more authority over where and how cleanups will be done. "Some of these regulators are doing wrongheaded things based on poor scientific evidence," says Raymond DuBois, deputy undersecretary of Defense for installations and environment. "Shouldn't we, as stewards of the taxpayers' money, decide how we're going to clean up?" By law, it's up to health and environmental agencies to assess health risks on polluted property and direct any necessary cleanup. Those responsible for creating the pollution get relatively little say. Congress, with support from both Republican and Democratic administrations, reinforced that notion repeatedly over the past two decades. It approved a series of measures to hold the armed services to the same environmental rules as private industry. The Pentagon responded with new efforts to control and clean up pollution, and now the military generally does as well as private industry in making current activities comply with environmental laws. But the military's big challenge is cleaning up messes from the past, when less was known about the environmental risks associated with building the world's mightiest fighting force. That's where the Pentagon faces the biggest costs. And that's where environmental regulators see the biggest threat to public health. Limiting accountability USA TODAY reviewed thousands of pages of federal records, many obtained through requests under the Freedom of Information Act, and interviewed scores of current and former federal officials, state regulators and independent authorities on environmental and military policy. Key findings: "The Pentagon is thwarting environmental agencies' efforts to set cleanup rules. Since 2001, the armed services have delayed more than 70 federal cleanup agreements that would dictate the scope and timing of restoration at contaminated military sites. The Pentagon objected to language restricting future construction on sites where hazardous waste would remain buried. The EPA and the Pentagon agreed on principles for settling the dispute at the end of last year, and many of the stalled agreements have since been signed.But EPA memos and budget documents blame the impasse for a "tremendous backlog" of unsigned agreements that play a "major role" in delaying cleanups. The Pentagon also is fighting EPA efforts to set new pollution limits on two military contaminants: perchlorate, a munitions ingredient, and trichloroethylene (TCE), a solvent. After military officials complained to the White House that the EPA's studies overstated the chemicals' health risks, the agency opted to wait for years of additional study before making new rules. State environmental regulators are facing military resistance, too. In Colorado, California, Ohio and Minnesota, the services are fighting state efforts to restrict the future use of contaminated military property. In California, Florida, Hawaii and Alaska, the military has challenged the authority of state officials to fine the armed forces for pollution problems. "The EPA is cutting efforts to make the military comply with environmental laws. Inspections are the EPA's chief tool for evaluating whether federal environmental laws are being followed. But since the Bush administration took office, the average number of annual EPA inspections at military installations has dropped 26%. The EPA averaged 117 inspections a year from 1997 to 2000 to check military sites' compliance with laws on hazardous-waste disposal, air pollution and wastewater discharges. From 2001 to 2003, the agency averaged 87 inspections a year. The number of fines, cleanup orders and other EPA "enforcement actions" against military facilities has dropped 25%. From 2001 through 2003, the EPA averaged 18 actions a year, down from an average of 24 from 1998 through 2000. When fines are issued, they tend to be far smaller: From 2001 through 2003, the EPA assessed an annual average of $619,089 in fines against the military, down 64% from its average of $1.7 million a year over the prior three years. "The Pentagon is spending less on cleanups. The Bush administration has proposed cuts in the Pentagon's budget for environmental cleanups in each of the past three years. Congress has refused to approve some of the reductions. Even so, overall spending to clean up polluted military sites, including closed bases, has dropped 20% since 2001, from $2.1 billion a year to $1.68 billion. The administration also has refused to include more contaminated military lands in the Superfund program, which would speed cleanups and make funding for them a federal priority. When Bush took office, six military properties were on the list of new sites proposed for Superfund cleanup by the EPA and state environmental agencies, but none has been approved. By comparison, the Clinton administration added eight military installations to the Superfund program in its last three years. And among the 130 military sites that were included in the Superfund program before Bush took office, the services are reaching cleanup milestones at slower rates than private companies. The services have finished 26% of cleanup remedies  such as water-treatment plants and soil-decontamination facilities. At Superfund sites owned by private industry, the completion rate is 54%. The Pentagon view Administration officials say there is no concerted effort to weaken environmental oversight of the military or to lessen its commitment to cleanups. After 15 years of pressure on the armed services to emphasize conservation and pollution control, they say, that commitment is here to stay. But Pentagon officials acknowledge that they're more aggressive in resisting environmental rules and cleanup demands that they see as misguided. With the services strained by wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, they add, it's more important than ever to make sure their missions aren't hampered. "There are two very important national issues here. There's the issue of protecting the environment and the issue of protecting our nation," says Donald Schregardus, deputy assistant secretary of the Navy for environment. "We want to make sure that the environmental laws allow us to do both." Defense officials say cleanup orders from environmental agencies can limit their ability to "train as we fight," a motto of military readiness. They argue that some of the demands could dictate everything from where planes may practice their bombing runs to what sort of ammunition troops may use on artillery ranges. For instance, soldiers at Camp Edwards, an Army National Guard base on Cape Cod, Mass., do their howitzer training on simulators because a 1997 EPA order barred the use of live ammunition that was polluting drinking water supplies. Edwards is the only military installation in the nation where operations have been curtailed as a direct result of orders from an environmental agency. More often, the services' disputes with state and federal environmental regulators are based on concerns about the scope and cost of cleanups. The services have learned a lot about "what makes sense" in cleaning up pollution, says Maureen Koetz, a deputy assistant secretary of the Air Force who oversees environmental matters. So military officials "come to the table with (proposals) that we think are a better menu of options for both us and the regulators." Health and environmental officials say the military's cleanup proposals at many polluted sites don't do enough to reduce health risks. When that sort of impasse occurs on privately owned land, regulators often use their authority to simply order a cleanup on their terms. But the military is fighting for special treatment  and getting it. Regulators challenged On Aug. 22, 2001, EPA Administrator Christie Whitman was preparing for a dinner with Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld. The Pentagon was battling the EPA over fines for pollution, arguing that the services should not be penalized as severely as private companies. So Whitman's top enforcement adviser, John Spinello, asked the EPA enforcement office for a briefing paper on the agency's position. (Related: Read Whitman's letter He got back a "guidance" memo that said the EPA recognized "no policy reason to treat federal agencies differently from any other entity." But Spinello, a Bush appointee, had a different view. In an e-mail back to enforcement managers, Spinello criticized the EPA's stance as "high-handed and wrong." The message, obtained by USA TODAY, said "there is no consensus of opinion on this (approach). To state that 'there is no policy reason' is inflammatory, myopic and arrogant." The decline in EPA inspections, enforcement actions and fines at military sites began in those early months of the Bush administration. And the services began challenging the agency more aggressively. Last year, the Army fought off an unprecedented $16 million EPA fine for air pollution from coal-fired power plants at Fort Wainwright in Alaska. The Army seemed poised to lose after a federal judge rejected its argument that the military should not be penalized at the same rate as a private polluter. But the Army threatened more appeals, and the EPA settled for a $600,000 fine. The Army also agreed to put new emission controls on the Wainwright power plants and spend $1.7 million on other anti-pollution projects at the base. David Kling, the EPA's head of federal facilities enforcement, says the agency remains committed to policing the military. "You need to look at more than just the enforcement numbers," he says. The EPA is putting more emphasis on cooperation to help the services heed environmental laws, Kling says, and their recent record of making current operations meet pollution-control rules "speaks to the success we're having." Others familiar with the EPA's enforcement disagree. "All the numbers are consistent with an overall trend," says Sylvia Lowrance, a 20-year EPA veteran who retired last year as its top enforcement official  and Kling's boss. "In the last two decades, you've had a general buildup of EPA's authority to ... take enforcement action against the Defense Department. That direction has changed in this administration." State and local officials also are battling the Pentagon. Cities and states from Florida to California have taken the services to court in recent years for refusing to pay fines for environmental problems or failing to meet local demands for cleaning up pollution. Among regulators "there's a frustration that the Defense Department has gotten tougher to deal with," says Christopher Jones, head of Ohio's Environmental Protection Agency and president of the Environmental Council of the States, a national body of state environmental chiefs. If the Pentagon "would allow base commanders and the local people who are dealing with (pollution) problems to get them resolved, I think we'd be able to work through these issues." Daniel Miller, Colorado's assistant attorney general for environment, says the services "have become the most recalcitrant entities we deal with on cleanups. They think they're beyond accountability." Money matters at Lowry The fight over the asbestos cleanup in Amy Ford's Lowry neighborhood revolves around a question driving many of the military's clashes with regulators: How much public health risk is acceptable at a polluted site? At the state's direction, workers have removed nearly all the tainted soil at Lowry, where the asbestos was left from building debris and an old steam pipeline bulldozed decades ago by the Air Force. But the Air Force says there wasn't enough danger to warrant the work. The science on asbestos is evolving, and there are no federal or state limits on how much can safely remain in soil. New research suggests that inhaling even a few asbestos fibers may cause lung disease. Other studies say low levels of asbestos are a negligible risk. An Air Force risk assessment for Lowry concluded in April that residents could have up to a 4-in-100,000 risk of cancer or lung disease linked to asbestos exposure. And it put the risk to construction workers at 2-in-10,000. Those figures are well above the one-in-a-million threshold that health agencies typically deem a significant risk. But absent any legal limits on asbestos contamination, the Air Force report concluded that the threats weren't great enough to warrant a cleanup. Jeff Edson of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment says the study bolsters the state's cleanup demands. "Kids might play in that soil; people might garden in it," he says. Though there have been no signs of asbestos-related illness at Lowry, Edson says the prudent course is to remove the soil. "But the Air Force has basically said, 'How are you going to make us?' " Pentagon officials say the big concern isn't the cost of cleaning up Lowry; it's the costs the services could face if they have to do similar cleanups elsewhere. Asbestos was a common building material for decades, and it would cost the Pentagon billions of dollars if the zero-tolerance cleanup demanded at Lowry became a precedent. "We want them to develop a cleanup goal based on risk," says Doug Karas of the Air Force Real Property Agency. "The state says there's a risk, but we haven't seen data to support that." The Air Force's refusal to meet a state order to clean the 22 acres it still owns at Lowry and to reimburse the redevelopment authority or builders for the $15 million cleanup of the rest of the community has left ill will. "The Air Force seems to be able to blow off the state, but we certainly can't," redevelopment authority director Tom Markham says. "Regardless of the (cleanup) standard, it was the Air Force that left the contamination. They're responsible. We've filed demands for them to pay. They seem to be ignoring us." Data analysis by Paul Overberg. Contributing: William Risser. Pentagon pitted vs. environment10/14/2004 12:43 AMBy Peter Eisler, USA TODAYDENVER --> © Copyright 2004 USA TODAY, a division of Gannett Co. Inc. ***************************************************************** 13 UPI: Report: Cargo nuke inspections flawed - (United Press International) October 14, 2004 Washington, DC, Oct. 14 (UPI) -- There are grave flaws with the process used to screen cargo entering the United States for nuclear material, a report said Thursday. "The report raises a number of troubling issues" about the Department of Homeland Security's "ability to detect and prevent nuclear material from entering the United States," said Rep. Jim Turner, D-Texas, the senior democrat on the House Select Committee on Homeland Security. The report, by the Department of Homeland Security's Inspector General Clark Kent Ervin, is secret, but an unclassified version is being published Thursday. Turner said the report showed that even for the five percent of containers screened at U.S. ports "the report casts doubt ... on the effectiveness of the inspections." He added that the inspector general was "not satisfied with the department's implementation of the (his) key recommendation..." Turner requested the report last year, after ABC News was able to smuggle depleted uranium into a U.S. port from Jakarta, Indonesia. [UPI Perspectives] ***************************************************************** 14 Las Vegas Mercury: Enough is enough Thursday, Oct 14, 2004, 07:23:56 PM 28 good reasons to boot Bush from office Compiled by Newt Briggs and Andrew Kiraly Illustrations by F. Andrew Taylor Anyone who saw the first presidential debate Sept. 30 knows President Bush's mantra well: It's hard work! It's hard work! It's hard work! Yes, destroying America is hard work. Sadly, it's not hard work uncovering what a terrible president Bush has been. He's made the air dirtier. He's lost a million jobs. In education, he's left millions of children behind. He started an unjustifiable war that has plunged the nation into debt and will breed future generations of terrorists. He gave seniors the finger with Medicare "reform" and signed off on an energy bill crafted by industry cronies. And he believes siting a high-level nuclear waste dump at Yucca Mountain is based on sound science. The list goes on--and now it's all available below, in handy, bulleted form. As a service and a plea to undecided voters, the Mercury compiled a list of the Bush adminstration's worst offenses, from social services to the economy to the environment to the war in Iraq. If you're an undecided voter, we hope this helps you make up your mind. If you're a hard-headed cynic who still believes there's no difference between the parties, we hope this convinces you otherwise. And if you weren't planning to vote in the first place, we hope this lights a fire under your feet. Four more years of Bush is four too many. We're not the only ones who think so. Heck, Bush himself summed up his adminstration best at an Aug. 4 bill signing in Washington, in one of his more telling Bushisms: "Our enemies are innovative and resourceful, and so are we. They never stop thinking about new ways to harm our country and our people, and neither do we." Environment • Remember clean air? Yeah, that clear, odorless stuff that feels really good to breathe. Bush and his cronies put it one step closer to being a thing of the past when they relaxed a host of clean air enforcement rules, according to the Washington Post. The "New Source Review" rule changes, announced in June 2002, essentially make older, polluting power plants immune from lawsuits and spare them from installing pricey anti-pollution equipment originally mandated by the 1970 Clean Air Act. Sen. James Jeffords, I-Vt., called the rollback "a victory for outdated polluting power plants and a devastating defeat for public health and our environment." It's enough to make you consider a boycott of breathing. • Let's get it straight: The greenhouse effect is just a liberal conspiracy intended to sell sunscreen and discourage people from burning tires in their back yard. That's why the Bush administration deleted several major passages from a 2003 EPA report on the state of the environment--including the phrase, "Climate change has global consequences for human health and the environment." The administration also added qualifying words like "potentially" and "may" where no qualifications were needed. The changes, says a 2003 story in the Guardian, prompted the EPA to remove "the entire global warming section to avoid including information that was not scientifically credible." • Who needs biodiversity when we've got cheap gas and hardwood floors? At least that seems to be the attitude of President Bush, who has protected only 26 animal species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 during his four-year term. Compare that with his father, who protected 228 species, and President Clinton, who protected 527 species over two terms, and it's clear that the current administration will take the lobbyist over the spotted owl and the marbled murrelet any day. • "Wish that I was on old rocky top/ Down in the Tennessee hills/ Ain't no smoggy smoke on rocky top/ Ain't no telephone bills." Oh, wait, did I say "rocky top"? I meant "atomized plateau" created by miners blasting for coal hidden beneath the lush peaks of Appalachia. The process--dubbed "mountaintop removal"--was effectively banned in 1999 after more than 700 miles of mountain streams were buried by debris, but thanks to the Bush administration, it's once again booming. • Trees are cool. They're a great background for nature pics, help make oxygen and stop floods. They're also fun to climb and serve as, like, little condominium complexes for wildlife and shit. So why does the Bush administration hate trees? According to a March 2003 article in the Washington Post, the Bush administration denied wilderness protection to millions of acres of the Tongass National Forest in Alaska. Critics and environmentalists said the closely watched decision dramatically increases logging in the old-growth Tongass, which contains nearly 30 percent of the world's unlogged coastal temperate rain forest. The ruling affects 4 percent of the forest's 16.8 million acres, or about 676,000 acres. At least we'll always have the Rainforest Cafe! • Bush just loves them photo ops of him fishin', ranchin' and roughin' it, but the Skull and Bones alum is a city boy at heart: The Bush administration has made vulnerable to development millions of acres of wilderness--thanks to an Interior Department decision to limit Bureau of Land Management lands eligible for protection to 23 million acres nationwide. According to an April 2003 Associated Press story, the Interior Department also told Congress it intended to stop reviewing Western land holdings for new wilderness protection and would withdraw 3 million acres in Utah from protected status. Alas, yet another reason for the don't-litter Indian to cry. Foreign policy • Bush believes in the sanctity of life, all right--so much that he's withheld $34 million for the U.N. Population Fund to show his distaste for what it said were "coercive abortions" taking place in China. Long pressured by anti-abortion groups and conservative lawmakers, the Bush administration denied the U.N. $34 million, about 12.5 percent of the U.N.'s Population Fund budget. U.N. officials said holding back the money could hurt their prospects of preventing 800,000 abortions and the deaths of 4,700 mothers and 77,000 children. A small price to pay for affirming the sanctity of life, don't you think? • Bush targeting the Taliban in Afghanistan after 9/11 was probably the one right thing he did--too bad he doesn't want to clean up the mess he's left behind. According to a February 2003 BBC News article, the Bush administration did not request any money in its budget for humanitarian and reconstruction aid for Afghanistan. Congress finally scraped up about $300 billion for the war-wracked country--$300 million? With a military budget zipping into the stratospheric billions, that should be enough to buy each Afghani a pack of Chiclets and a Gameboy. • Reagan had "Star Wars." Will George Bush be the star of the Empire Strikes Back? CNN reported in December 2001 that President Bush pulled out of the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, the Cold War agreement that specifically banned testing and deployment of a ballistic missile defense system. Proponents of the treaty decried the message this sent to the rest of the world, while others pointed out that, ahem, just three months earlier terrorists took down the Twin Towers using airliners, not missiles. Hope that thing is good against hijacked domestic flights! • In a world that's fat-free, low-calorie and Atkins-friendly, it's only logical that we should have a Low-Yield Cold War. According to a February 2003 article in the Washington Post, Bush is seeking to revive a program focused on building low-yield nuclear weapons. What exactly are low-yield nukes? Call them Death and Destruction Lite, designed to penetrate bunkers and detonate underground, thereby reducing nasty fallout. It's still lame, though. Even George Bush Sr. had eliminated low-yield nukes as part of an international accord to reduce nuke proliferation overseas. Hm. Low-yield nukes plus a doctrine of pre-emptive war. Hello, international community. You want some of this, bitchez?! Civil liberties • The Bush boys have led an assault on open government unlike anything since the darkest days of the Nixon era. On Day One in office, Mr. Bush reversed efforts by the Clinton administration to provide more access to government records. Since then, the number of documents and files deemed "classified" or "sensitive" has blossomed, even ancient records for which there is no plausible reason for secrecy. An embarrassing memo leaked from the Justice Department confirms that the enlightened John Ashcroft advised federal agencies to place whatever administrative obstacles they can to prevent Freedom of Information Act requests from being honored. At the same time, citizen access to government information has withered, government's access to information about us has exploded. An extension to the PATRIOT Act was signed into law on a Saturday, and on the same day that Saddam Hussein was captured. Needless to say, it didn't get much coverage. It allowed federal lawmen to seize business records from entities such as banks or casinos without a warrant. (Las Vegas was targeted, of course.) • Remember those bygone days when every patch of dirt from sea to shining sea was considered a free speech zone, a place where the First Amendment was still considered the law of the land? Bush and Ashcroft have now given us a new definition of the term, and if we don't like it, we can all just shut the hell up. Whenever Bush travels to a U.S. city, teams of Secret Service agents precede him and inform local police that they must establish "free speech" or "protest" zones where people opposed to Bush's policies must be penned up. Invariably, these zones are far removed from anywhere the president himself will visit, so he doesn't have to be exposed to opinions different from his own. In St. Petersburg, Fla., for instance, two elderly grandmothers who dared to hold up tiny signs expressing oppositon to Bush were arrested. Hundreds of other arrests have occurrred all over the nation. Anyone who carries a pro-Bush sign is allowed upfront seating at presidential events. Free speech still applies to them. Education • Americans are so dumb. All this time we could have been profiting on our children's educations, but we've just been sitting by letting the government run our schools. Now, thanks to the president's No Child Left Behind Act, corporations are taking over schools in record numbers, and with a lot of cost-cutting and accountability, they'll probably eventually be almost as good as the schools they replaced. A recent national study revealed that the test scores of children in charter schools were significantly lower than those of children at regular public schools. Then again, maybe President Bush is right and those childrens really am as smart as the kids in publick school. Special interests • So your eyes are bleeding and your feet have swollen into pus-filled flesh balloons, what do you want the drug companies to do about it? According to a July article in the New York Times, the Bush administration has been going to court to block lawsuits by consumers who say they've been injured by prescription drugs. Apparently, the administration believes that drug companies should not be liable for consumer injuries if their products have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Did we mention that the drug industry has dispensed more than $50 million in campaign contributions during the last four years--the vast majority of it to Republicans? • Former oilman Dick Cheney was placed in charge of energy policy early in the Bush term. He presided over a hush-hush gathering of energy experts, all of whom were executives at the largest energy companies in the world--Big Oil, Big Coal, Big Nukes. Not a single environmentalist was allowed to participate in the study, and when Cheney emerged from under his self-imposed Cone of Silence, it surprised no one when he announced the results of the gabfest would be tax breaks for energy companies. Despite lawsuits and public pressure, Cheney would not reveal anything about what went on inside the energy meetings. One interesting document has surfaced, however. It is a two-page chart titlted "Foreign Suitors for Iraqi Oilfields." It identified 63 oil companies from 30 countries and specified which companies were interested in which Iraqi oil fields. This, of course, was well before the invasion of Iraq, which, as we all know, had nothing to do with oil. • No, the cows aren't literally mad, but maybe they should be. When a case of mad cow disease surfaced in Washington state last year, federal regulators proposed sharp restrictions on what could be included in animal feed, but after intense lobbying by the cattle and feed industries, the Bush administration put the kibosh on any potential legislative changes. Shortly afterward, the National Cattleman's Beef Association broke with its nonpartisan tradition and endorsed Bush for re-election. The economy • Millions of Americans depend on overtime to make extra money. But thanks to the Bush administration, more than 8 million Americans are now ineligible for overtime. According to a June 2003 CNNMoney.com story, liberal think tank the Economic Policy Institute scrutinized the Labor Department proposal to change OT criteria and found it would affect 2.5 million salaried employees and 5.5 million hourly employees. The proposal, which went into effect without congressional approval, will screw those employees in another way, too, the study notes. "Once employers are not required to pay for overtime work, they will schedule more of it," the study said. Now, please place bloody stump of nose back on grindstone. The management thanks you. • One way of getting a general sense of the nation's economic health is to look at how many people have been laid off. Thanks to the Bush White House, the Labor Department program that tracked such information has been quietly squelched, according to San Francisco Chronicle columnist David Lazarus. In a January 2003 column, he reported that the program tracking mass layoffs by U.S. companies was killed by the administration in order to more easily hype a rosy economic picture. According to the bureau's final monthly report covering November 2002, U.S. companies laid off more than 240,000 workers. Lazarus write that the Labor Department made no mention of ending the program, save for one short blurb buried in a November 2002 press release. • Liberals, liberals, liberals. Tax and spend. Tax and spend. $2 trillion! Or so goes Bush's standard campaign grouse, which conveniently fails to mention that his own economic plan will cost "well in excess of $3 trillion over a decade," according to a Sept. 14 story in the Washington Post. The bloated expenses come from the war in Iraq, his proposed changes to Social Security system and tax cuts, which are expected to "reduce government revenue by about $1 trillion over 10 years." Now that's fiscal conservatism! • I mean, seriously, what's up with math? It thinks it's, like, so smart with its objectivity and indisputable numerical evidence. Why can't it just be a team player and go along when President Bush insists that the tax cut was really aimed at working-class Americans? According to The State of Working America 2004-2005, a lengthy report issued in September by the Economic Policy Institute: "For households in the top 1 percent of the income scale, the full tax savings from the cuts that were made from 2001 to 2003 was about $67,000; for middle-income families, the cuts amounted to just under $600; and for the lowest 20 percent, the savings was $61." The net result was to redistribute income up the income scale, transferring 0.8 percent of all after-tax household income from the bottom 99 percent to the top 1 percent. • Judging by the last two debates, President Bush can't help but slobber over the job figures from the last 13 months: "1.9 million jobs, yeah, definitely 1.9 million jobs." What he fails to mention is that the economy is still down a total of 821,000 jobs, according to an Oct. 9 article on Dick Cheney's favorite website, factcheck.org. If, as most experts predict, the economy does not pick up those jobs by January 2005, Bush will be the first president since Herbert Hoover to preside over a net loss in jobs during his term. That's bad, definitely, definitely bad. Nevada • Thank--gasp!--goodness for President Bush's Clear--wheeze!--Skies Act. As the U.S. Public Interest Research Group reports, smog levels in the Las Vegas metropolitan area exceeded the EPA's eight-hour health standard 27 times in 2003, earning the city 18th place on the agency's list of major U.S. cities with the worst smog pollution. That's bad news for anyone still dependent on lungs to breathe--particularly the 33,500 children in Las Vegas who suffer from asthma. For those with healthy respiratory systems, it just means an increased risk of lung cancer and a few extra phlegm-filled hacks in the morning. Hrrrackkk! Thwip! That's one small goober for man, one giant goober for mankind. • Damn, neighbor, do I smell mesquite? Thanks to President Bush's generous 2003 tax cut, the average Nevadan had an extra $244 last year to spend on a grill, two shares of Google stock or any of the fine products offered in the Sharper Image catalog. By comparison, the wealthiest 1 percent of Nevadans had $43,079 to spend on, say, a Hummer H2 or a college education. No, that's not mesquite you smell; that's the smoky delicious scent of unprecedented income inequality. • Ah, those two little words that make our heart gurgle with bile: Yucca Mountain. Don't get us started: Bush's record on the proposed nuclear waste dump is filled with lies, distortions and broken promises, capped by his official recommendation in 2002 of the site as the nation's nuclear trash bin--despite a General Accounting Office report finding 300 problems with the repository design, despite the objections of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board, despite a U.S. Appeals Court ruling that the administration's Yucca plans failed to meet National Academy of Science safety standards--despite, well, science. This from man who wrote to Gov. Kenny Guinn in 2002 that the "best science must prevail in the designation of any high-level nuclear waste repository." Random acts of cruelty • If the government ends up awarding a multibillion-dollar defense contract to Totally Evil Enterprises Inc., you can thank Bush. In December 2001, the Bush administration junked a rule that would deny federal contracts to companies violating labor, environmental and consumer-protection laws, according the Washington Post. The rule, put in effect by the Clinton adminstration, pressured federal contracting officers to take into account credible evidence of industry wrongdoing when considering doling out government contracts. Rolling back the rule was decried by labor groups such as the AFL-CIO, while those in favor of trashing it said it would put procurement officials in charge of judging whether a company a violate the law. Yeah, why bother with ethics and shit? • The Bush administration appreciates the sanctity of life--and if that life is one of unmitigated pain, torment and debasement, um, sorry, dude, all I can do is kick the morphine drip up a notch. The long arm of Attorney General John Ashcroft reached across the country to block Oregon's landmark assisted-suicide law, according to a November 2001 article in the Washington Post. Oregon's law, the Death With Dignity Act, mind you, was approved by that state's voters in 1994 and 1997 referenda. At least 70 terminally ill people have committed assisted suicide since passage of the act. Gee, if only Ashcroft had intervened sooner, those 70 people could have been still with us, suffering untold pains and degradation--all while affirming the miracle of life. • "My administration worked with the Congress to create the Department of Homeland Security." Yeah, and Al Gore invented the Internet. Although President Bush has used the department to curtail personal liberties and manipulate public sentiment, he opposed its creation for nine months after Sept. 11, 2001--largely because it was proposed by Democrats. As Jonathan Chait wrote in The New Republic, "Bush's record on homeland security ought to be considered a scandal. Yet, not only is it not a scandal, it's not even a story." • When the president needed someone to head up the FDA's Advisory Committee on Reproductive Health Drugs, he chose Dr. W. David Hager. This committee makes important decisions about what drugs should be used in obstetrics, gynecology, hormone therapy and contraception programs. Why was Dr. Hager selected? Perhaps because of his groundbreaking medical text, As Jesus Cared for Women, which blends biblical accounts of how Jesus healed sick women with case files from the good doc's own patient list. Dr. Hager isn't exactly in the mainstream of reproductive science since in his own practice he refuses to prescribe contraceptives to unmarried women. He's pro-life, you see. Copyright © Las Vegas Mercury, 2001 - 2004 ***************************************************************** 15 AxisofLogic: Media Critiques [http://www.axisoflogic.com/ The New York Times and the road to war By Joseph Kay Oct 14, 2004, 06:46 On October 3, the New York Times published an extensive article detailing the history of one of the fabrications employed by the American government to justify the war against Iraq: the charge that aluminum tubes imported by Saddam Hussein were intended for use in the development of a nuclear weapons program. The article (“How the White House Embraced Disputed Arms Intelligence,” by David Barstow, William Broad and Jeff Gerth: http://www.uruknet.info/?colonna=m&p=6059&l=x&size ... [http://www.uruknet.info/?colonna=m&p=6059&l=x&size=1 &hd=0] ) is an indictment of the Bush administration. But the information it presents is also a political indictment of the role played by the Times itself in facilitating the drive to war. This, of course, was not the intention of the newspaper’s publisher and editors. On the contrary, the publication of the article was, in large measure, motivated by a desire to present the Times as a conscientious critic of the war. Hence the follow-up editorial that appeared on October 5, in which the editors struck a pose of shock and dismay over the findings outlined in their October 3 article. “The more we learn about the way Mr. Bush paved the road to war,” the editorial declared, “the more it becomes disturbingly clear that if he was not aware that he was feeding misinformation to the world, he was the only one in his circle who was not clued in.” The editorial went on to say that administration officials “had plenty of evidence that the [aluminum tubes] claim was baseless; it was a long-discounted theory that had to be resurrected from the intelligence community’s wastebasket when the administration needed justification for invading Iraq.” The editorial failed to note the salient fact—which emerges clearly from the Times’ own account published two days before—that the newspaper played an indispensable role in “feeding misinformation to the world.” As the October 3 article revealed, the Times served as a conduit for administration officials, uncritically reporting their claims and lending them badly needed credibility. According to the October 3 exposé, the allegation that Iraq was importing aluminum tubes for use in nuclear centrifuges was originally raised in 2000 by a mid-level CIA analyst, referred to by the Times only as Joe. As early as May 2001, experts in the Energy Department published a detailed finding refuting the claim that the tubes were suitable either to be used or adapted for use in the making of nuclear centrifuges. They found that the tubes were in all likelihood intended for use in conventional rockets, precisely as claimed by the Iraqi regime. (This analysis has since been confirmed both by United Nations weapons inspectors and the CIA’s own Iraq Survey Group, whose report, issued October 6, flatly rejected the aluminum tubes-nuclear weapons canard.) While analysts at the Energy Department thought the question had been resolved, it continued to be pushed within the CIA and received the support of CIA Director George Tenet. Without any new findings, the aluminum tubes suddenly became a major public issue in September 2002. As Barstow, Broad and Gerth note in their article, the first detailed public account of the aluminum tubes came in a lead article on Page 1 of the New York Times, published on September 8, 2002. They write that this article “cited unidentified senior administration officials who insisted that the dimensions, specifications and numbers of tubes sought showed that they were intended for a nuclear weapons program. ‘The closer [Saddam Hussein] gets to a nuclear capability, the more credible is his threat to use chemical and biological weapons,’ a senior administration official was quoted as saying. ‘Nuclear weapons are his hole card.’” The authors of the October 3 exposé write, without comment, “The [September 8, 2002] article gave no hint of a debate over the tubes.” Significantly, they do not assert that the Times was unaware of the debate. The September 8, 2002 story was based entirely on unnamed administration officials, with no attempt to verify the content of what was being reported. No mention was made of the analysis made by the Energy Department and its conflict with the CIA, in spite of the fact that, according to the authors of the October 3 exposé, “the bureaucratic infighting was by [July 2002] so widely known that even the Australian government was aware of it.” Nor do Barstow, Broad and Gerth give the names of the authors of the September 8, 2002 piece: Judith Miller and Michael Gordon. Both the authorship and timing of the September 8, 2002 article are highly significant. Miller’s role as a conduit for the pro-war cabal within the Bush administration is by now notorious. In addition to her role before the war in promoting the lies of the administration, she published numerous articles after the war that purported to uncover evidence of chemical and biological weapons. In particular, an article published on the front page of the New York Times on April 22, 2003 cited an unnamed Iraqi scientist whom Miller did not even interview as making claims that Iraq had destroyed stockpiles of chemical and biological weapons in the weeks preceding the American invasion. In her April, 2003 piece, Miller openly acknowledged that her article had been submitted prior to publication for vetting by the military unit with which she was traveling as an “embedded reporter.” (See “Manufacturing the news: New York Times report on Iraqi weapons of mass destruction”.) Miller functioned as more than a reporter. She was a proxy for elements within the Pentagon—including Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and his undersecretary, Douglas Feith-as well as Ahmed Chalabi, the former Pentagon favorite among Iraqi exiles. It later emerged that she exerted extraordinary control over the military unit in which she was “embedded”—a unit tasked with finding evidence of unconventional weapons. At one point she threatened to appeal directly to Rumsfeld and Feith if the unit’s officers did not go along with her attempts to “discover” weapons of mass destruction. Even within the corrupt milieu of the US press, Miller’s actions and reporting were seen as an embarrassment and created something of a scandal. On May 26, 2004, the editors of the Times published an extraordinary statement criticizing the paper’s own pre-war coverage of the administration’s claims. While the statement did not mention Miller by name, it singled out several of the articles she had written—including the September 8, 2002 aluminum tubes piece—as particularly egregious examples of poor journalistic standards. Given Miller’s close ties to the administration and Chalabi—who supplied the administration with much of the phony “intelligence” on Iraqi WMD that Bush, Cheney and company used to justify the invasion—there can be no doubt she, and the Times as a whole, were well aware of the dispute within the intelligence community over the aluminum tubes. They chose to say nothing about it in the sensational September 8, 2002 article that launched the administration’s “Big Lie” campaign for war. The timing of the September 8, 2002 article was anything but accidental. This was a critical turning point in the administration’s propaganda offensive. The problem facing the administration was that, having actively begun its war preparations, it had yet to manufacture a convincing rationale. Why was Saddam Hussein such a grave threat to American security that he had to be removed by military force? There was no evidence that the Iraqi leader had anything to do with the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Try as they might, the war plotters in the White House, the Pentagon and the CIA had been unable to come up with any evidence of collaboration between Saddam Hussein and Al Qaeda. Even bogus allegations of chemical and biological weapons were not sufficient to make the case for an unprovoked war. They had to play the nuclear card! In August of 2002, Vice President Dick Cheney began pushing the idea that Iraq was close to acquiring nuclear weapons. “We know that Saddam has resumed his efforts to acquire nuclear weapons,” he said at the time. “Many of us are convinced that Saddam will acquire nuclear weapons fairly soon.” By September 1, the administration had decided to ask Congress for authorization to invade Iraq and a vote was scheduled for early October. The Democratic congressional leadership supported an invasion, but they needed political cover. As far as they were concerned, the administration had not done enough to manufacture a pretext. The Democrats demanded that the CIA produce a National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) that would make the case for war. The Bush administration agreed to slap together an NIE by early October, in advance of a congressional vote, with the understanding that the Democrats would, in return, supply it with the votes it needed to push through a war resolution. In his book Plan of Attack, published in April of this year, Bob Woodward quotes House Minority Leader Richard Gephardt as saying to the president after a meeting on September 4: “I appreciate your outline, agree with your concern about Saddam Hussein... It’s about weapons of mass destruction getting in the wrong hands. They don’t see it.... We need to make it graphic.” At the urging of Secretary of State Colin Powell and British Prime Minister Tony Blair, the administration had also made the tactical decision to ask the United Nations for a new resolution authorizing the forceful removal of Saddam Hussein. Accordingly, Bush was preparing to speak before the UN to present the case for invasion, a speech that he was to give on September 12. A new UN resolution would provide an invasion with a fig leaf of legality and multi-lateralism. However, in order to argue that Iraq was so grave a threat to American and international security that war, rather than an extended resumption of weapons inspections, was necessary, and to claim that the US would be acting in self-defense, the administration felt it had to raise the ante beyond chemical and biological weapons and invent a nuclear threat. Thus, early September 2002 was the pivotal period in the public campaign for war. Enter the New York Times. The front-page article of Sunday, September 8—fed to Miller and the Times by the Bush administration—was seized upon that morning by Bush administration spokesmen. Cheney went on NBC’s “Meet the Press,” citing the article to back up his claim that “with absolute certainty” Hussein was “buying equipment to build a nuclear weapon.” National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice declared on CNN that the United States could not wait to invade: “We don’t want the smoking gun to be a mushroom cloud.” Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld urged the American people to “imagine a September 11 with weapons of mass destruction,” resulting in the deaths of “tens of thousands of innocent men, women and children.” The calculated and dishonest character of the Times’ reportage of the tubes issue is underscored by its coverage after September 8, 2002. This history is set out in the October 3 exposé by Barstow, Broad and Gerth. Having plastered a sensational and alarming article on its front page, the newspaper subsequently buried on its inside pages articles hinting at the truth—that the claims were not credible and were hotly disputed by the most expert analysts within the government itself. On September 13, the Times published an article on page A13 that noted in passing the internal differences within the intelligence community, but came out clearly on the side of the administration and the CIA. According to Barstow, Broad and Gerth, the September 13, 2002 article reported that “an unidentified senior administration official dismissed the debate as a ‘footnote, not a split.’” They quote further from the September 13, 2002 piece: “Citing another unidentified official, the story reported that the ‘best technical experts and nuclear scientists at laboratories like Oak Ridge supported the CIA assessments.’” This claim is flatly refuted by the October 3 account given by Barstow, Broad and Gerth, who report that Jon Kreykes, the head of Oak Ridge’s national security advanced technology group, was among those at the Energy Department who early on raised doubts about the aluminum tube-nuclear connection. In their account, the three authors note that opposition among Energy Department nuclear analysts to the administration-CIA aluminum tube story was so intense, the administration felt the need to issue a directive that they not discuss the question with the press. Nevertheless, some of these analysts provided information to the prestigious Institute for Science and International Security, which issued a report on the subject September 23, 2002 that constituted “the first public airing of facts that undermined the most alarming suggestions about Iraq’s nuclear threat.” The authors of the October 3 exposé note, “The Washington Post ran a brief article about the findings on Page A18. Many major newspapers, including the Times, ran nothing at all.” On October 11, 2002, the Senate voted 77-23 to grant authorization for an invasion on the grounds of the “continuing threat” posed by Iraq and its weapons programs. Explaining his vote in favor of the resolution, Senator John Kerry declared, “There is little question that Saddam Hussein wants to develop nuclear weapons.” Toward the end of 2002, the International Atomic Energy Agency resumed inspections of Iraqi weapons programs. The investigations conclusively refuted the theory that the aluminum tubes were destined for use in a nuclear program. Again the Times buried the story. “On Jan. 10, 2003,” write Barstow, Broad and Gerth, “the Times reported that the international agency was challenging ‘the key piece of evidence’ behind ‘the primary rationale for going to war.’ The article, on page A10, also reported that officials at the Energy Department and State Department had suggested the tubes might be for rockets.” On January 28, 2003, Bush made his infamous State of the Union address, and on February 5 Secretary of State Colin Powell went before the United Nations Security Council to present the administration’s arguments for war. On the question of the aluminum tubes, Powell felt obliged to hedge, stating, “People will continue to debate this issue, but there is no doubt in my mind these illicit procurement efforts show that Saddam Hussein is very much focused on putting in place the key missing piece from his nuclear weapons program: the ability to produce fissile material.” What was the response of the Times? The lead editorial on February 6, 2003 declared: “Mr. Powell’s presentation was all the more convincing because he dispensed with apocalyptic invocations of a struggle of good and evil and focused on shaping a sober, factual case against Mr. Hussein’s regime. It may not have produced a ‘smoking gun,’ but it left little question that Mr. Hussein had tried hard to conceal one.” The Times’ reporting and editorial comments in the run-up to war were not mistakes, lapses in judgment, or the result of naïveté. The so-called “newspaper of record” was pursuing a conscious policy: it wanted war in Iraq. Whatever differences the Times might have had with the administration over tactics, the newspaper was aiding and abetting the efforts of the government to dupe the public and create a climate of fear and hysteria conducive to launching an unprovoked war. It tailored its reporting to that end and served as a mouthpiece for the administration. The attitude of the newspaper toward the US imperialist enterprise in Iraq has not fundamentally changed, and it continues to play a critical role in covering up the brutality of the occupation. The Times repeatedly parrots the official line about America’s “democratic” mission in Iraq, and has censored reports that highlight the criminality of the stooge regime of Iyad Allawi. It has refused to publish a single article concerning allegations that Allawi personally murdered Iraqi detainees last June—allegations that have a great deal more credibility than any of the pre-war assertions of Iraqi nuclear weapons activity. One obvious question arises from the Times’ October 3 report on the aluminum tubes hoax: why did the newspaper fail to undertake such an investigation of the government’s claims in late 2002 and early 2003? The answer clearly emerges from the October 3 exposé itself: the Times was itself complicit in the government’s war conspiracy. This history stands as a damning indictment of the role of the New York Times in facilitating the preparation and launching of a war of aggression. But its role is anything but an aberration. It is a concentrated expression of the role of the American media as a whole. ***************************************************************** 16 NRC: NRC to Hold Public Meeting on Proposed Rule on Requirements for Export or Import of Radioactive Materials News Release - 2004-13 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs Telephone: 301/415-8200 Washington, DC 20555-0001 E-mail: opa@nrc.gov No. 04-132 October 14, 2004 The Nuclear Regulatory Commission will hold a public meeting Oct. 19 concerning its proposed rule tightening licensing requirements for the exportation and importation of high-risk radioactive materials. The meeting will be held from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. in room 1-F16 of NRCs One White Flint North building, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Md. Members of the public wishing to attend are requested to arrive at least 30 minutes early for processing through building security. The NRC published its proposed rule in September. The rule aims to implement recent changes to the policies of the Commission and the U.S. government regarding the security of radioactive materials and reflects guidelines adopted last year by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The proposed rule would require a specific license for the export or import of high-risk radioactive materials. Under current NRC regulations, these materials may be exported or imported under a general license, which does not require filing an application to the NRC or the issuance of licensing documents. The proposed rule, the regulatory analysis and any public comments received are available on the NRCs Web site at http://ruleforum.llnl.gov [http://ruleforum.llnl.gov] . The documents are also available through the NRCs Public Document Room, at (301) 415-4737, or 1 (800) 397-4209. For more information about the meeting, contact Suzanne Schuyler-Hayes, Office of International Programs, at (301) 415-2333. Last revised Thursday, October 14, 2004 ***************************************************************** 17 Nuke Weapons Appeal Signed by 18 Nobels, 205 Organisations Date: Thu, 14 Oct 2004 14:32:07 -0700 ----- Original Message ----- From: BC Macdonald To: John Lewallen ; Carol Wolman Sent: Thursday, October 14, 2004 8:17 AM Subject: Fw: Nuke Weapons Appeal Signed by 18 Nobels, 205 Organisations (incl 42 Parliamentarians) I'm sure you got this one, but just in case...... Could be nice to have the Green Party endorse this by beginning at the Emerald Region meeting this Sunday. ~~Bernie ----- Original Message ----- From: FoE Sydney - Nuclear Campaign To: Recipient List Suppressed: Sent: Tuesday, October 12, 2004 8:37 PM Subject: Nuke Weapons Appeal Signed by 18 Nobels, 205 Organisations (incl 42 Parliamentarians) This appeal is a call to take action aimed at lowering the operating status of nuclear weapons. Parliamentarians reading this are strongly urged to take such action in their legislatures, as well as adding their names to this appeal. The appeal on operating status of nuclear weapons, (full text and signatures below) has now been signed by: --205 organisations including 42 parliamentarians (incl speaker of NZ Parliament) --18 Nobel prizewinners. These include the following peace - prize recipients: --HH the Dalai Lama --Archbishop Desmond Tutu --Dr Joseph Rotblat --Oscar Arrias Sanchez --Mairhead Corrigan Maguire. Other distinguished signatories include: --Maestro Mstislav Rostropovitch --Dr Robert Muller (fmr assistant UN secy- General) --Astronaut Edgar Mitchell. Major supporting organisations include: --Mayors For Peace (Tadatoshi Akiba, Mayor of Hiroshima, representing 547 cities in 107 countries) --John Loretz/Rob Mc Coy, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) --Abolition 2000 --Greenpeace International --Womens International League for Peace and Freedom --Alyn Ware, International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms --Dave krieger, Rev. Vernon. C. Nichols, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation --PSR (IPPNW-USA) --Helen Caldicott, Nuclear Policy Research Institiute --Admiral Ramdas/Achin Vanaik, Coalition for Nuclear Disarmament and Peace (CNDP) India, --CND.(UK) Dear Parliamentarian/NGO: You are invited to endorse the statement below calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons systems, and for the adoption of resolutions on this issue in parliaments and international forums. Attached is an example of a parliamentary resolution adopted by the Australian Senate and a model resolution for the UN General Assembly. (This text is being sponsored by the Association of World Citizens and Friends of the Earth) When signing please include your title, name of organisation, and location. STATEMENT OF ENDORSEMENT The Distinguished individuals and organisations below, make the following appeal concerning nuclear weapons, and the danger posed by the maintainance of thousands of nuclear warheads and delivery systems on launch-on-warning status. We call on the governments of the United States, Russia, China, France, and the UK, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea, to support and implement steps to lower the operational status of nuclear weapon systems in order to reduce the risk of nuclear catastrophe and as part of thier obligations, affirmed by the International Court of Justice, to achieve the elimination of nuclear weapons under strict and effective international control. We note that: 1)To this day, thousands of nuclear weapons in the US and Russia are on Launch-on-warning status, and that the megatonnage involved remains more than enough to destroy civilisation and perhaps the human race. 2)That the Indian subcontinent is increasingly on a 'hairtrigger' status. 3)That there have been numerous incidents in which a nuclear exchange involving thousands of warheads could have taken place, and in which the fate of the earth has depended on the correct judgement of a single individual. 4)That the US, Russia, China, France, and the UK have failed so far to make further progress to achieve the total and unequivocal elimination of their nuclear arsenals, as called for under international law. 5) That, in addition to the failure of the 'officlal' nuclear weapons powers to fulfil their treaty obligations, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea also posess nuclear weapons, and that the risk of their use is very real. 6)That a number of calls have been made by the UN General Assembly and by the European Parliament to lower the operational status of nuclear weapons. Accordingly we call on the governments of the United States, Russia, China, France and the UK, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea, to: a)Take immediate steps to lower the operational status of nuclear weapons, and to revise nuclear doctrines, policies and postures to reflect such lowered operational status. b)To implement in good faith their obligations under international law , to accomplish the total and unequivocal elimination of their nuclear arsenals. c)To implement the steps toward nuclear disarmament outlined in the '13 steps' of the final declaration of the Year 2000 NPT Review Conference. d) We call on non- nuclear nations to press for nuclear disarmament in every available international forum especially including the United Nations General Assembly First Committee and the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva. e)We call on legislators worldwide to pass resolutions in national and other parliaments pressing for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons and for nuclear disarmament as mandated by international law. We draw the attention of legislators and diplomats to the two texts below: i) A model for a resolution in the UN General Assembly calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons (Note that in the process of getting it through the GA First Committee it may experience some alterations in text) ii) Motion passed by the Australian Senate congratulating Colonel Stanislav Petrov on preventing nuclear war during the Serpukhov 15 incident of Sept 26 1983, and calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons. You are invited to endorse the statement above calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons systems, and to give your support to measures such as the texts below. i) Model for a resolution in the UN General Assembly Calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons Operational status of nuclear weapons The General Assembly Convinced that the possible use of nuclear weapons poses the most serious threat to humanity and to the survival of civilization, Convinced also that the maintenance of nuclear weapons systems at a high level of readiness-to-use increases the risks of unintentional or accidental use of such weapons which would have catastrophic consequences, Noting that a high level of nuclear weapons readiness-to-use has contributed to a number of circumstances when nuclear weapons have become very close to being used, Welcoming steps taken by States possessing nuclear weapons to reduce nuclear risks and prevent nuclear war, Welcoming particularly the agreement by Russia and the United States of America on the Establishment of the Joint Center for the Exchange of Data from Early Warning Systems and Notification of Missile Launches, but noting that the agreement has not yet been implemented, Considering that, until nuclear weapons are eliminated, it is imperative that further steps be taken to prevent the accidental, unauthorized or unintentional use of nuclear weapons, Expressing its deep concern that thousands of strategic warheads remain on Launch-On-Warning status, Expressing its concern also about emerging approaches to the broader role of nuclear weapons as part of security strategies, including rationalizations for the use, and the possible development, of new types of nuclear weapons, Recalling the program of action agreed at the 2000 Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference which called for concrete agreed measures to further reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons systems Recalling resolutions [specify resolution numbers] on the floor of this assembly have called for reductions in the operational status of nuclear weapons, Mindful that concrete steps to reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons systems will help reduce tensions, build confidence and support negotiations leading to the elimination of nuclear weapons, 1. Calls for a review of nuclear doctrines emphasizing concrete steps to reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons, 2. Encourages States to immediately implement unilateral steps including, inter alia, the rescinding of launch-on-warning policies, and to urgently conclude negotiated steps, pending agreements for the complete elimination of nuclear weapons, 3. Calls on all States possessing nuclear weapons to undertake not to increase the number or types of weapons deployed and not to develop new types of weapons or rationalizations for their use, 4. Calls for further confidence-building and transparency measures to reduce the threats posed by nuclear weapons, 5. Requests States possessing nuclear weapons to report to the 60th session on steps they have taken to implement this resolution 6. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its 60th session the item entitled "Operational status of nuclear weapons." ii)Motion passed by Australian Senate 23 June 2004 congratulating Colonel Stanislav Petrov 21 FOREIGN AFFAIRS-NUCLEAR WEAPON SYSTEMS-COLONEL STANISLAV PETROV Senator Allison amended general business notice of motion no. 895 by leave and, pursuant to notice of motion not objected to as a formal motion, moved-That the Senate- (a) recalls the incident that took place in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) at Serpukhov-15 on 26 September 1983 at 12.30 pm Moscow time, and the role of Colonel Stanislav Petrov in this incident; (b) notes: (i) that the Serpukhov-15 incident, in which a newly installed Soviet surveillance system reported that the United States of America (US) had launched nuclear missiles at the USSR, is considered by many analysts to have been the closest the world has ever come to nuclear war, (ii) that the megatonnage that was likely to have been used at that time was between 30 and 60 times the amount required to produce a nuclear winter, and that the number of nuclear weapons that would have been launched would have been enough to end civilisation and kill most living things, (iii) the role played by Colonel Petrov in refraining from launching a number of thousands of warheads at the US in retaliation and in pressing his superiors to consider the report a false alarm, (iv) that the Canberra Commission of 1996 recommended that strategic nuclear weapons be taken off `Launch on Warning' status, and (v) the resolution of the European Parliament of 18 November 1999, and the Senate's own resolutions as well as repeated calls to lower the alert status of strategic nuclear weapons made by the Non-Aligned Movement and the New Agenda Coalition that have been passed year after year by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly; (b) offers its congratulations to Colonel Petrov for being presented with the World Citizen Award on Friday, 21 May 2004, in recognition of his actions; and (c) urges the Government to give support to measures aimed at lowering the readiness to launch nuclear weapon systems and to support such measures on the floor of the UN General Assembly. Question put and passed. url for this motion: (Sometimes gives a 'runtime error') http://parlinfoweb.aph.gov.au/piweb/view_document.aspx?id=95635&table=journals From: John Hallam Nuclear Weapons Campaigner Friends of the Earth Australia, nonukes@foesyd.org.au 61-2-9567-7533, fax 61-2-9567-7166 1 Henry Street Turella NSW Aust 2205 ------------------------------------------- Doug Mattern, Association of World Citizens, 55 New Montgomery Street, Suite 224, San Francisco, CA 94105. 1- 415 541 9610. Supported by the Organisations and distinguished individuals below: Nobel Prizewinners: Dr. Baruj Benacerraf Medicine 1980 Dr. Guenter Blobel Medicine 1999 Mairead Corrigan Maguire Peace 1976 Dr. Peter C. Doherty Medicine 1996 Dr. R.R. Ernst Chemistry 1991 Dr. John B. Fenn Chemistry 2002. Dr. Val L. Fitch Physics 1980 Dr. Herbert A. Hauptman Chemistry 1985 Dr. Edmond H. Fischer Medicine 1992 Dr. Jean-Marue Lehn Chemistry 1987 Dr. Ferid Murad Medicine 1998 Dr. Joseph Rotblat Peace 1995 Oscar Arias Sanchez Peace 1987 Dr. Frederick Sanger Chemistry 1958; 1980 Dr. Jack Steinberger Physics 1998 Dr. E. Donnall Thomas Medicine 1990 Archbishop Desmond Tutu Peace 1984 The Dalai Lama Peace Other distinguished Persons: Maestro Mstislav Rostropovich Dr. Robert Muller (Fmr UN assistant Secy General) Edgar Mitchell (Astronaut) Benjamin Ferencz, (Prosecutor at the Nuremburg War Crimes Trials) Prof Saul Mendlovitz, Dag Hammarskjold Professor, Rutgers Law School, International Organisations: Mayor Tadatoshi Akiba, Mayors for Peace, Hiroshima, Japan, (547 member cities from 107 countries) Ronald Mc Coy President, John Loretz, Program Director, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) Emma Mc Gregor-Mento, Abolition-2000 Cora Weiss, Hague Appeal for Peace (HAP), Alyn Ware, International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms, Nicky Davies, Greenpeace International, Amsterdam, Susi Snyder, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), Director, United Nations Office- NY Bruce Gagnon, Global Network Against Weapons and Nuclear Power in Space, Brunswick, ME, USA, Vijay Mehta, Chair, World Disarmament Campaign, Lond, Charles Mercieca, International Association of Educators for World Peace (IAEWP) Huntsville Ala, USA, Pol D'Huyvetter, For Mother Earth International, Ghent, Belgium, Kate Cell, Director, Lucy Webster, UN Observer, Economists Allied for Arms Reduction (ECAAR) Rev. Vernon C. Nickols, UN Observer/NGO Rep, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, Yumi Kikuchi, founder, Global Peace Campaign, Peer de Rijk, World Information Service on Energy (WISE) Amsterdam, David Mumford, International Fellowship of Reconciliation (IFOR), Alkmaar, Neth, Penny McManigal, The Millionth Circle, USA, Mary T. Legge SSJ, DPI/NGO at UN for Congregations of St Joseph, US Organisations: Helen Caldicott,(founder PSR, WAND) President, Nuclear Policy Research Institute, Wash DC, Alice Slater, Global Resource and Action Centre for the Environment, NY, Martin Butcher, PSR, Washington DC, Bruce Blair, President, Centre for Defence Information, Washington, (identification only) Jonathan Granoff, President, Global Security Institute, (pers capy) David Krieger, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, Santa Barbara, Calif, Rev. Vernon C. Nichols, UN-NGO Rep, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, Pamela S. Meidell, Atomic Mirror, Port Hueneme, Calif, USA., David Robinson, Pax Christi USA, Erie, PA, Peggy L. Shriver, Fmr Asst. General Secy, National Council of Churches, NY., Donald W. Shriver, Union Theological Seminary, NY., Rev. William J. Morton, SSC, Columban Mission Office, US/Mexico Border, El Paso Texas, USA, Bernice Fisher, Penninsula WILPF, Palo Alto Calif, Bill Smirnow, Nuclear- Free New York, Donald Keesing, Voices Opposed to Environmental Racism, Wash DC, Lorraine Krofchok, Grandmothers for Peace International, Elk Grove, Calif, Vina Colley, PRESS, Ohio, Bruce A. Drew, Prairie Island Coalition, Mn, USA, George Crocker, N. American Water office, Lake Elmo, Mn, USA, Daniel Ellsberg, Truth-Telling Project, (Fmr RAND consultant to White House on Nuclear C3I) Kathy Kelly, Coordinator, Voices in the Wilderness, Chicago Ill, Patricia J. Ameno, Chair, Citizens Action for a Safe Environment, Penn, Francis Chiappa, President, Cleveland Peace Action, John Laforge, Nukewatch, WI, USA, Andrew Hund, Alaska/Arctic Environmental Defense Fund, Coleen Marshall Secy, Sheldon Nidle, Founder, Planetary Activation Organisation, Hawaii, Marsha Joyner, President, Hawiian National Communications Corporation, Honululu, Hawaii, Paul Ehrlich, President, Centre of Conservation Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif, Irving Stolberg, President, Caucus of Connecticut Democrats, Irving Stolberg, President, Connecticut Division, United Nations Association, Barbara Murphy-Warrington, CARE-USA, Atlanta, Georgia, Alanna Hartzog, Co-Director, Earth Rights Institute, PA, Beth A. Pirolli, Director, Families United for a Safe Environment (FUSE), Carolyn Vigneri, Nebraskans for Peace, Omaha, Nebraska, USA, Glen Carroll, Georgians Against Nuclear Energy, Atlanta, GA, USA, Robert Gould MD, Physicians for Sociel Responsibility (PSR) San Francisco Bay Area, Berkley, Calif, Samuel S. Epstien MD, Chair, Cancer Prevention Coalition, Chcago, Ill, Dr Kathleen Sullivan, Nuclear Weapons Education and Action Prject, NY., Terri Swearingen (1997 Golman Prize) Tri-State Environmental Council, WV., Bill Towe, North Carolina Peace Action, NC, USA, Medea Benjamin, Co-Founder, Global Exchange, Jennifer O. Viereck, Director HOME: Healing Ourselves & Mother Earth, Tecopa, CA, Bob Kinsey, Colorado Coalition for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Kevin Martin Executive Director Peace Action and Peace Action Education Fund, MD, Canadian Organisations Debbie Grisdale President/Steven Starr, Physicians for Global Responsibility, (PGS), Rosalie Bertell, President Emeritus, International Institute for Concern for Public Health, Toronto, Ont, Roy and Anne Morris, Salmon Arm Kairos Group, BC, Canada, Gordon Edwards PhD, President, Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility (CCNR), Desmond Berghofer, Co-Founder, Institute for Ethical Leadership, Vancouver Canada, Metta Spencer, Editor, Peace Magazine, Toronto, Ont, Libby Davies MP, Vancouver East, Canada, UK Organisations George Farebrother, World Court Project, Lond, UK, Vijay Mehta, CND London, Jenny Maxwell, West Midlands Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Birmingham, UK, Reuben Ralph Say, Woking Action for Peace/CND, Woking, Surrey, UK, Caroline Gilbert, Patricia Pulham, Michael Pulham, Christian Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CCND), Jill Stallard National Secy, CND Cymru, Nantagredig, Cynghordy, Llanymddyfri, Wales, UK, Di Mc Donald, Nuclear Information Service, (NIS) Southampton, UK, Ken Coates, Chair, Bertrand Russel Peace Foundation, Angie Zelter, Trident Ploughshares UK, Richard Bramhall, Low-Level Radiation Campaign, Llandridod, Powys, UK, Lindis Percy/Anni Rainbow, CAAB, Yorks, UK, David Bowe, MEP, Dr Caroline Lucas MEP, Green Member of the European Parliament for S.E. England Alan Simpson MP, David Chaytor MP, Member for Bury North, Frank Cook MP, Westminster, Russian Organisations Vladimir Sliviak, Co-Chair, Ecodefense, Moscow, Andrei Laletin, Chairman, Friends of the Siberian Forests, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Jennie Sutton, Baikal Environmental Wave, Victor Khazan, Friends of the Earth Ukraine, Dipropetrovsk, Ukr, Sergei Kolesnikov, Duma Member, Deputy Chair, Cttee on Education and Science, Moscow, Sergei Kolesnikov, IPPNW-Russia, Indian Organisations Achin Vanaik, Admiral L. Ramdas, Lalita Ramdas, Coalition for Nuclear Disarmament and Peace (CNDP), India New Delhi, Admiral L. Ramdas, India-Pakistan Soldiers Initiative for Peace, Raigad Dist, Maharashtra, Hari Sharma, President, International South Asia Forum, Sukla Sen, EKTA, Mumbai, India, Mahipal Singh, Peoples Union for Civil Liberties, New Delhi, Imrana Quadeer, Centre for Community Health and Social Medicine, JNU, New Delhi, Harsh Kapoor, (India/France) South Asians Against Nukes, Jayanti Patel, Indian Radical Humanist Association, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, Kirity Roy, Secy, MASUM, Howrah, W. Bengal, Swami Manavatavadi, International School of Humanitarian Thoughts and Practice, Rajghat, Kurukshetra, Haryana, Aruna Roy, Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS), Rajasthan, The National Campaign for the Peoples Right to Information (NCPRI) Rajasthan, India, Mahi Pal Singh, Treasurer, People's Union for Civil Liberties-Delhi Ammu Abraham, Womens Centre, Mumbai, Pakistani Organisations Pirzada Imtiaz Syed, Secy, All-Pakistan Federation of United Trade Unions (APFUTU), Gujrat, Pakistan, AH Nayyar, President, Pakistan Peace Coalition, Dr Mubashir Hasan, (Fmr finance minister) Campaigner for Human Rights and India-Pakistan Friendship, Pakistan-India Forum for Peace and Democracy. Prof. M. Ismail, Director, RISE, Peshawar, Pakistan, NZ Organisations Commander Robert Green, Disarmament and Security Centre, Christchurch, NZ, Alyn Ware, Peace Foundation, Wellington, NZ, Marion Hancock, Wendy John, Aotearoa/NZ Peace Foundation, Auckland NZ, Christine Lesley, Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Wellington, NZ, R.E. White, Director, Centre for Peace Studies, University of Auckland, NZ, Peter Low, Quaker Peace and Service, NZ, Jonathan Hunt MP, Speaker, NZ Parliament, Keith Locke MP, Greens, NZ, Gordon Copeland MP, United Future Party, Tim Barnett MP, Labor, Christchurch Central Electorate, Christchurch NZ, Australian Organisations Sue Wareham, President, Medical Association for the Prevention of War (MAPW), Margaret Reynolds, President, United Nations Association of Australia (UNAA), Jo Vallentine, People for Nuclear Disarmament W.A., David Sweeney, Nuclear Campaigner, Australian Conservation Foundation, Carlton, Vic, Peter Robertson Environment Centre of the Northern Territory (ECNT) Darwin, NT, Gar Smith, Environmentalists Against War, Dr Stella Cornelius, Director, Conflict Resolution Network, Chatswood NSW, Ned Iceton, Co-Convenor, Social Development Network, Armidale NSW, Peter Burton, Peace Partners, Toowoomba, Qld, Dr Mark Zirnsak, Director, Justice and International Mission, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Rev Sue Gorman, Moderator, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Keith Russel, Religious Society of Friends, ACT, Senator Kerry Nettle, Greens, NSW, Senator Lyn Alison, Australian Democrats Vic, Senator Andrew Bartlett, Australian Democrats Qld, Senator Aden Ridgeway, Australian Democrats NSW, Senator Natasha Stott-Despoja, Australian Democrats SA, Senator Brian Grieg, Australian Democrats WA, Terry Roberts MP, SA, Carmen Lawrence MHR, President, Labor Party, Jill Hall MP, Warren Snowden MP, ALP Member for Lingiari NT, Alan Griffin MP, Member for Bruce, Melb, Jann Mc Farlane MHR, Member for Stirling, W.A., Dee Margetts MLC (Greens), W.A., Giz Watson, Greens, W.A., Ian Cohen MLC (Greens) NSW, Kerrie Tucker MLA, Greens ACT, Swedish Organisations Agneta Norberg/Bo Wirmark, Chair, Swedish Peace Council, Gunnar Westberg, President, SLMK (IPPNW Sweden), Goteborg, Sweden, Anders Ygeman MP, Stockholm, Finnish Organisations Teemu Matinpuro, Director, Finnish Peace Committee, Helsinki, Finland, Lea Launokari, Women for Peace Finland, Ulla Kotzer, Women Against Nuclear Power Finland, Heidi Hautala MP Greens, German Organisations Eva Quistorp, Women for Peace, Germany, Henning Droege, Arzt fur Allgemeinmedizin, Homoopathie, Naturheilverfahren, Allgau, Germany, Wolfgang Schlupp-Hauck, Friedens-und Begegnungsstaette Mutlangen eV, Germany, Dr Anne Brie MEP PDS, Bernd Frieboese, Barsebackoffensiv (Pers capy) Rienhard Voss, Pax Christi Germany, Franfurt Am Main, Belgian Organisations Hans Lammerant, Forum Voor Vredesaktie, Belgium, Zoe Genot MP, Greens, Belgium, Eloi Glorieux MP, Greens, Flemish Regional Parliament, Belgium, Muriel Gerkens MP, Greens, Brussels, Senator Patrick Vankrunkelsven, Brussels, Belg, Marie Isler-Beguin, MEP, Edith Klein, European Commission, Brussels, Belg, Netherlands Organisations Harry Van Bommel MP, Neth, Joost Lagendijk, Member of European Parliament, GroenLinks, Netherlands, Fiona Dove, Director, Transnational Institute, Neth, French Organisations Dominique Lalanne, Co-Chair, Stop Essais, France, Bruno Barrilot, Director, Observatoire des Armes Nucleaires Francaises, Lyons, France, Jean-Marie Matagne, Action des Citoyens pour le Desarmement Nucleaire (ACDN) Saintes, France, Luisa Morgantini MEP, Italy/Brussells Folena Pietro, MP Italy, Foreign Affairs Commission, Democrats of the Left (DS) - Olive Tree Coalition Hallgeir H. Langeland MP, Norway, Bent Natvig, Chair, Norwegian Pugwash Committee, Oslo, Norway, Czech Peace Society, Prague, Czech Rep, Romanian Organisations Constantin Cretu, Romanian Social Forum, Bucharest, Romania, Constantin Cretu, 'Carpathians Genius' Bucharest, Romania, Aurel Duta, For Mother Earth, Bucharest, Romania, Manana Kochladze, 'Green Alternative', Tblisi, Georgia, Atsushi Fujioka, Kyoto Museum for World Peace, Kyoto, Japan, Hideyuki-Ban, Secy-General, Citizens Nuclear Information Centre (CNIC) Tokyo, Japan, Wen Bo, Pacific Environment, Beijing, China, Kim Choony, Korean Federation for Environmental Movement, (KFEM) Mexican Organisations Efraim Cruz Marin, President, Academicos de Ciencias y Humanidades, Mexico, Noni Fernandez, Mexican Initiative Against War, Chiapas, Colonia Roma, Luis Guttierez Esparza, President, Latin-American Circle for International Studies (LACIS), Mexico City, Grace de Haro, APDH, Rio Negro, Argentina, Dina Lida Kinoshita, Unesca Catedra for Education for Peace, Human Rights, Democracy and Tolerance, Sao Paulo, Brasil, Senator Roberto Saturnino, Brasilian Federal Senate, (for Rio de Janiero) Roy Cabonegro, YSDA-Pilipinas, Quezon City, Phillipines, Clemente G. Bautista, Kalikasan, (Peoples Network for the Environment) Phillipines, Soodhakur Ramlallah Secy Mauritius Union of Journalists Port Louis Mauritius Bishan Singh, SUSDEN, Malaysia, Dato Haji Mustapha Ma, Secy, IFNGO, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lonngena Ginting, WALHI/Friends of the Earth Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Saranjan Kodithuwakku, Green Movement of Sri Lanka, Nugegoa, Sri Lanka, Maria D. Watondoha MP, Tanzanian National Assembly, Dodoma, Tanzania, Edward Appiah-Brafoh, Green Earth Organisation, Accra, Ghana, Dr. Araf Marei, Vice President, Egyptian Association for Community Participation, Cairo, Egypt, Dr Akram Alhamdani, President, Green Party of Iraq, Baghdad Ayman Jallad, Humanitarian Group for Social Development, Beirut, Lebanon, Mabrouk Boudaga, Arab Young Lawyers Association, Tunis, Tunisia, ***************************************************************** 18 The Heral: Scottish firms urged to make sparks in China’s powerhouse Web Issue 2115 October 14 2004 DOUGLAS FRASER, Scottish Political Editor, Beijing October 14 2004 China's dash for new electricity generating capacity is paying off for Scottish companies selling specialist products, with Howden yesterday announcing an expansion of its Shanghai plant, and Jack McConnell, the first minister, promising more assistance to companies trying to break into the Chinese market. Staffing in the two Chinese offices of Scottish Development International  an offshoot of Scottish Enterprise  is to be doubled from four to eight, while the first minister has announced that he is to station a full-time executive representative in Beijing, which it has only done until now in Brussels and Washington. On the third day of his five-day visit to China, McConnell focussed on the 25 Scottish businesses operating in China, with visits to the Beijing offices of the Howden Group, based at Renfrew, and Clyde Blowers, based at East Kilbride, both of which have built up substantial joint venture operations in China, providing specialist equipment for power stations. Howden manufactures industrial fans and heat exchangers, having been in a partnership with three Chinese companies since 1994. It has 500 employees in Shanghai and yesterday announced expansion plans of around 100 extra staff over the next two years. According to Bill Thompson, executive director of Clyde Blowers, which manufactures soot and ash handling devices to maximise coal-burning effic-iency, the Chinese will next year increase their electricity-generating capacity by more than the total capacity available in the UK. They will then keep up that pace, to provide for the shortfall which has been one of the key blockages in the country's rapid economic growth. Much of the growth will be coal-powered, raising concerns about the severe environmental harm that is being caused by Chinese economic growth. There will also be renewable energy, plans for 20 natural gas stations and new nuclear plants being opened at a rate of one each year for the next 16 years. Thomson cites the government's growth plans, recently raising the target for the current five-year programme from 380,000 megawatts to 430,000 megawatts. In the next 20 years, they aim to increase to 900,000 megawatts. For comparison, Britain's generating capacity is put at 65,000 megawatts. "This growth is bigger than the rest of the world put together," said Thomson. "If you want to be in the power business, you've got to be here." Thomson has visited China 89 times in the past 11 years since he began to establish the company in its second-biggest market after the United States. It built up two joint ventures and last year set up a wholly-owned subsidiary to market its machinery for removing ash from the bottom of furnaces. Together they employ 230 staff in Beijing and Shanghai. Chinese orders account for Ł28m of turnover, or 36%, representing 24% of turnover and 21% of profit. McConnell commented on the increased SDI staff and his company visits  which also included Standard Life's new joint venture: "Scottish companies need to seize the opportunities opened up by China's growing economy  and we need to support them. Scotland has much to offer China. We are strong in many of the key sectors of the modern economy such as financial services, life sciences and energy. "We have world-class universities to support research, and we have the enterprising spirit needed to succeed in the world's fastest growing economy." Jack Perry, the Scottish Enterprise chief executive who is travelling with the first minister, said there was potential for many more companies to target the Chinese market, but they face substantial challenges in doing so. "We can help them plan properly and ensure their investment pays off. The scale of the opportunities for Scottish companies, large and small, is enormous. We want to ensure they get off to the best start possible in this booming market." Copyright © Newsquest (Herald & Times) Limited. All Rights [http://www.pressnow.co.uk/] :: About Us :: Terms of Use ***************************************************************** 19 DAWN: 'Khan network supplied N-parts made in Europe, Southeast Asia' -DAWN - Top Stories; 14 October, 2004 http://www.dawn.com/ By Anwar Iqbal WASHINGTON, Oct 13: A large number of sensitive nuclear components sold to Iran and Libya for building uranium enrichment plants were made at workshops in Europe and Southeast Asia, says a Washington-based nuclear monitoring agency. In a recent report on the nuclear black market, the Institute for Science and International Security confirms Pakistan's claim that the network might have been headed by a Pakistani, Dr A.Q. Khan, but it was a gang of international proliferators and smugglers that had bases and workshops at many places across the globe. The ISIS report says that the centrifuges the network sold to Iran and Libya are formally called Pakistan 1 and Pakistan 2 but are better known by their acronyms, P1 and P2. They are used for uranium enrichment and were deployed in large numbers by Pakistan's gas centrifuge programme. The P1 centrifuge uses an aluminium rotor, and the P2 centrifuge uses a steel rotor. The components for roughly 500 P1 centrifuges that went to Iran in the mid-90s were from centrifuges that Pakistan had retired from its main centrifuge programme. Members of the network were able to remove them in secret and sell them to Iran. Libya received 20 of its P1s in that manner. Libya also bought about 200 P1 centrifuges from the wider network. At least some, if not all, of the components of the additional 200 P1s were made outside Pakistan at workshops under contract with companies in the network. Aluminium rotors, for example, were made in Malaysia. The P2 centrifuges, which are more advanced machines, reportedly left Pakistan in much smaller numbers. The two that were sent to Libya, for example, were samples or demonstration models. One of the P2s that went to Libya was not suitable for enrichment with uranium hexafluoride gas. It did not have the final surface coating necessary to prevent corrosion by uranium hexafluoride gas. In the case of Libya, the network focused on making P2 components outside Pakistan. The Libyans have told US investigators that they placed an order for 10,000 P2 machines. Since each centrifuge has roughly 100 different components, this order translates into a total of about one million components, a staggering number of parts given the sophistication of gas centrifuge components. The network was assembling an impressive cast of experts, companies, suppliers and workshops to make all these components. The workshops that contracted to make components for the network typically imported the necessary items, such as metals, equipment or subcomponents. After they made the item, they would then send it - either assembled or as a finished centrifuge component - to Dubai under a false end-user certificate. Then it would be repackaged and sent off to Libya. The ISIS report quotes Mohamed EIBaradei, Director General of the IAEA, as saying that "nuclear components designed in one country could be manufactured in another, shipped through a third, assembled in a fourth, and designated for eventual turn-key use in a fifth." We and British investigators allowed inspecting Libya's nuclear plant identified roughly half a dozen key workshops that were making or doing final assembly of the centrifuge components. The network selected a workshop based on the type of centrifuge component needed and the materials and equipment involved in making those particular components. The most well-known workshop was located in Malaysia at a company called SCOPE. The parts seized on a German ship, BBC China, in Italy last year, were from SCOPE. US State Department spokesman Adam Ariel told reporters earlier this year that the ship had been en route to Libya but was diverted to an Italian port so that US investigators could seize the content. SCOPE was also near the company that made the aluminium rotors for the 200 P1 centrifuges that Libya imported from the network. The network contracted with SCOPE to make thousands of 14 different high precision aluminium centrifuge components for Libya's order. The contract with SCOPE involved up to about 15 per cent of the total number of components sought by the network for Libya. Workshops in Turkey made the centrifuge motor and frequency converters used to drive the motor and spin the rotor to high speeds. These workshops imported sub components from Europe and elsewhere, and they assembled these centrifuge items in Turkey. Under false end-user certificates, the components were then shipped to Dubai for repackaging and shipment to Libya. SCOPE did not make the P2 centrifuges' maraging steel parts, which comprise the bulk of the rotating components in a centrifuge and are more difficult to make than the aluminium parts. It has not yet been determined which workshop, if any, was contracted to make the sensitive steel rotor and bellows. The network appears to have experienced trouble in finding a workshop to make these components. Libya also ordered from the network a sophisticated manufacturing centre, code-named Workshop 1001, to make centrifuge components. The original plan called for this centre to make additional centrifuges after the network delivered the first 10,000 centrifuges, either to replace broken ones or add to the total number of centrifuges. However, if the network had difficulty in making a component for the original 10,000 machines, this centre may have had to make that particular component. © The DAWN Group of Newspapers, 2004 ***************************************************************** 20 Interfax: Russia-Iran nuclear energy cooperation doesn't involve military technology - Ivanov Interfax.com [http://www.interfax.com] Text version Oct 14 2004 11:51AM POIANA BRASOV (Romania). Oct 14 (Interfax) - Nuclear energy cooperation between Moscow and Tehran excludes Iran's use of Russian technologies for military purposes, Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said at an informal meeting between NATO and Russian defense ministers in the Romanian town of Poiana Brasov on Thursday. "Russia is helping Iran build a nuclear power plant in Bushehr. I can assure you that the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has strict control over the project, which rules out the possible use of Russian technologies and materials for military purposes," he said. © 1991-2004 Interfax All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 21 Tennessean: Environmentalists irked over firm making reactor fuel for TVA - Thursday, 10/14/04 [http://tennessean.com By DUNCAN MANSFIELD Associated Press KNOXVILLE — Nuclear Fuel Services has started turning weapons-grade uranium from the Savannah River Site into commercial reactor fuel for the Tennessee Valley Authority to make electricity. ''The first shipments have already left the facility,'' Tony Treadway, spokesman for the NFS plant in Erwin, about 120 miles north of Knoxville, said yesterday. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission announced Tuesday through a notice in the Federal Register that NFS received a third and final license amendment to begin ''downblending'' 33 metric tons of highly enriched uranium from the Department of Energy plant in South Carolina. The material will be converted into low-enriched uranium for reactor fuel for TVA, the nation's largest public utility. The decision, the result of a regulatory process that began in 2002, came without public hearing. Environmental opponents, including the Sierra Club, the Tennessee Environmental Council and the Oak Ridge Environmental Peace Alliance, will file an appeal tomorrow demanding a full environmental impact statement. Diane Curran, a Washington, D.C., attorney representing the environmental groups, said her clients support the project's objective of turning Cold War swords into plowshares. ''But what this whole process looks like is a railroad because the NRC has done the barest minimum of environmental study of this, and it deserves better. My clients deserve better,'' she said. ''They deserve to have the federal agency that is supposedly regulating this process to really take a hard look at ways that the environmental risk could be minimized.'' The NRC issued a 92-page report supporting the latest licensing amendment as meeting federal safety standards. The NFS plant, which continues to supply fuel for U.S. nuclear submarines, sits in the middle of Erwin in northeastern Tennessee near the Nolichucky River. About 2,800 people live within 15 miles of the plant, along with businesses, a health-care center and a school. The value of the four-year project has been measured in many ways — saving taxpayers $500 million that would been spent storing the material or providing TVA with a clean-energy fuel equal to 800,000 rail cars of coal. ''This has been a project that has been fully studied beginning in 1996,'' Treadway said. ''There have been numerous reviews by government agencies, including an environmental assessment reviewed by people all the way from the Tennessee Historic Commission to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Agency. All of those studies found that it would have no significant impact on the environment.'' | [http://www.tennessean.com/] | © Copyright 2004 The Tennessean A Gannett Co. ***************************************************************** 22 Platts: Domenici: Senate funding for nuclear exceeds House levels Washington (Platts)--13Oct2004 + The Senate's funding levels for nuclear projects are "well above" the levels in the House bill or the administration's request, Sen. Pete Domenici (R-N.M.) said today. In a speech delivered by Pete Lyons, a senior Domenici aide, to a Nuclear Energy Institute conference in Ponte Verda, Fla., Domenici cited programs such as Nuclear Power 2010, the Nuclear Energy Research Initiative, Generation IV reactors, and the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative as items that received the higher funding in the draft bill, which has not been made public. Domenici has the lead responsibility in the Senate for appropriations for DOE's nuclear programs. In the speech, Domenici also said he has "forcefully" told DOE it should fund all three consortia that have applied for construction and operating licenses for new plants; only one of the three has received funding to date. Copyright © 2004 - Platts, All Rights Reserved [The McGraw-Hill Companies] ***************************************************************** 23 Times Argus: Federal regulators to hold hearing on Yankee power boost timesargus.com October 14, 2004 BRATTLEBORO (AP) — Federal regulators will come to Vermont next week to hear arguments on whether there should be a hearing on Entergy Nuclear's request for a power boost at the Vermont Yankee nuclear plant. The quasi-judicial Atomic Safety and Licensing Board, an arm of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, will meet in Brattleboro on Oct. 21 and possibly Oct. 22. The board will hear from NRC staff, the state Department of Public Service and the nuclear watchdog group New England Coalition, as well as Entergy Nuclear, owners of the Vernon reactor. The state believes the 20 percent power increase, as proposed, would compromise safety margins at the 32-year-old nuclear plant. © 2004 Times Argus [http://www.timesargus.com/] ***************************************************************** 24 Boston.com: NRC investigating report of operator napping By Associated Press, 10/14/2004 07:19 PLYMOUTH, Mass. (AP) The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is investigating a report that a senior reactor operator fell asleep in the control room at Pilgrim Nuclear Station. The NRC, which said the incident was brought to the federal agency's attention in late August, notified plant officials about the incident on Aug. 26. Plant officials subsequently suspended the entire crew that worked the shift on the night in question, June 29, and the napping operator and a co-worker who took his picture sleeping with a cell phone camera were let go. ''The inattentiveness can't be tolerated, but secondly, the employee that filmed the senior reactor operator did not immediately report the potential safety condition,'' said David Tarantino, a spokesman for Pilgrim, a 670-megawatt power plant owned by the conglomerate Entergy. The operator's nap was brief, and never posed a threat the public, said the NRC, which was notified of the incident by a third party. The NRC requires that several people staff the control room on each shift, and the plant met that requirement on the night of June 29, the agency said. NRC spokesman Neil Sheehan said that the operator's nap appears to have been an isolated event. The NRC is developing rules that would limit the number of hours plant operators can work. Currently, there are only guidelines, published in 1982 after the Three mile Island disaster in Pennsylvania, recommending a 40-hour week and shifts no longer than 16 hours. Mary Lampert, director of the anti-nuclear group Pilgrim Watch, said the case was ''something that you'd see in the Simpsons (TV show), and you'd laugh. ''But you don't laugh when you recognize the consequences of a disaster at a nuclear power plant,'' she said. archives [http://www.boston.com/tools/archives/] © 2004 ***************************************************************** 25 Iraqi govt: nuke sites now fully protected October 14, 2004 [http://www.brunei-online.com/mp] BAGHDAD (AFP) - The Iraqi government said Wednesday all nuclear sites are now fully protected after lapses in security during the early days of the US-led occupation. "Since the transfer of power and the passage of certain sites to the responsibility of our ministry, all sites are protected," said Mohammad Jawad al-Shareh, director-general of the ministry of science and technology. Shareh said that in the aftermath of the US-led invasion in March 2003 "people snuck in and took some equipment and material," but that the situation had improved since the country regained its sovereignty at the end of June. In an October 1 letter to the UN Security Council, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) chief Mohamed ElBaradei said he was concerned that material and equipment, in some cases entire buildings housing sophisticated technology, are disappearing from Iraq. Copyright © 2004 Brunei Press Sdn Bhd [http://www.bruneipress.com.bn] . All right reserved. ***************************************************************** 26 NRC: NRC Begins Special Inspection at Hope Creek Nuclear Power Plant News Release - Region I - 2004-04 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region I No. I-04-047 October 12, 2004 CONTACT: Diane Screnci (610) 337-5330 Neil A. Sheehan (610) 337-5331 E-mail: opa1@nrc.gov [opa1@nrc.gov] The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has begun a special inspection into the rupture of an 8-inch drain line that led to a manual shutdown of the Hope Creek nuclear power plant on October 10. The inspection got under way today at the plant, which is located in Hancock Bridge (Salem County), N.J., and operated by Public Service Electric & Gas (PSEG). There are five full-time and three part-time members on the NRC inspection team, which will be tasked with evaluating the circumstances surrounding the Oct. 10 event. The review will include an assessment of whether the steam pipe failure could have been prevented and an independent evaluation of equipment and human-performance issues that complicated the shutdown. In addition, the inspection will assess the adequacy of PSEGs root-cause evaluation of the event and its plans for corrective actions. Between about 6 p.m. and 6:14 p.m. on Oct. 10, the plants operators reduced power and then manually shut down the reactor in response to indications of a steam leak in the turbine building. The leak was isolated shortly thereafter when the operators shut the main steam valves. While subsequently cooling down the plant, the operators experienced difficulties in efforts to maintain appropriate reactor vessel water levels. However, the plant maintained adequate safety margins throughout the event, backup safety equipment was available if needed, and the shutdown was successfully carried out. A small release of radioactivity occurred, but it was well below allowable federal limits. The team will document its findings and conclusions in a report to be issued within 45 days after an exit meeting with the utility at the inspections conclusion. Last revised Thursday, October 14, 2004 ***************************************************************** 27 NRC: Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; FR Doc 04-23006 [Federal Register: October 14, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 198)] [Notices] [Page 61048-61049] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr14oc04-109] Comment Request AGENCY: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). ACTION: Notice of pending NRC action to submit an information collection request to OMB and solicitation of public comment. SUMMARY: The NRC is preparing a submittal to OMB for review of continued approval of information collections under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. Chapter 35). Information pertaining to the requirement to be submitted: 1. The title of the information collection: NUREG/BR-0238, Materials Annual Fee Billing Handbook, NRC Form 628, Financial EDI Authorization, NUREG/BR-0254, Payment Methods, NRC Form 629, Authorization for Payment by Credit Card. 2. Current OMB approval number: 3150-0190. 3. How often the collection is required: Annually. 4. Who is required or asked to report: Anyone doing business with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission including licensees, applicants and individuals who are required to pay a fee for inspections and licenses. 5. The number of annual respondents: 7,330 (10 for NRC Form 628, and 7,320 for NRC Form 629, and NUREG/BR-0254). 6. The number of hours needed annually to complete the requirement or request: 611 (.80 hour for NRC Form 628 and 610 hours for NRC Form 629 and NUREG/BR-0254). 7. Abstract: The U.S. Department of the Treasury encourages the public to pay monies owed the government through use of the Automated Clearinghouse Network and credit cards. These two methods of payment are used by licensees, applicants, and individuals to pay civil penalties, full cost licensing fees, and inspection fees to the NRC. Submit, by December 13, 2004, comments that address the following questions: 1. Is the proposed collection of information necessary for the NRC to properly perform its functions? Does the information have practical utility? 2. Is the burden estimate accurate? 3. Is there a way to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected? 4. How can the burden of the information collection be minimized, including the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology? A copy of the draft supporting statement may be viewed free of charge at the NRC Public Document Room, One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Room O-1 F21, Rockville, MD 20852. OMB clearance requests are available at the NRC worldwide Web site: http://www.nrc.gov/public-involve/doc-comment/omb/index.html [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/public-involve/doc-comm ent/omb/index.html] . The [[Page 61049]] document will be available on the NRC home page site for 60 days after the signature date of this notice. Comments and questions about the information collection requirements may be directed to the NRC Clearance Officer, Brenda Jo. Shelton (T-5 F52), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, by telephone at 301-415-7233, or by Internet electronic mail to INFOCOLLECTS@NRC.GOV [INFOCOLLECTS@NRC.GOV] . Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 6th day of October, 2004. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Brenda Jo. Shelton, NRC Clearance Officer, Office of the Chief Information Officer. [FR Doc. 04-23006 Filed 10-13-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 28 Challis Messenger: Snake River Alliance meets with locals by Anna Means If you think you’ve had a problem with inexplicable cancers, go to Boise November 6. Or write a letter to the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). That was the message delivered by three members of the Snake River Alliance who met with locals Tuesday night. The Snake River Alliance is encouraging people to offer testimony in Boise when the NAS visits in November. The NAS was commissioned to study the effects of above ground nuclear testing on citizens of the U.S. They were recently persuaded to hold a meeting in Idaho after 450 or more people sent their cancer stories to the academy. The study is seeking anyone who has suffered from thyroid and/or lung cancer, plus nonmalignant respiratory ailments and assorted other cancers. These people have been dubbed “Downwinders” and might be eligible for federal compensation. Margaret Stewart, with the Alliance, told the 25 locals in attendance at this week’s meeting that money really isn’t the issue for most Downwinders. She said people want the government to admit they did something wrong, and hopefully, promise not to do it again. Stewart said the testing done in Nevada from the 1950s through the 1960s was deliberately timed to avoid prevailing winds headed toward Las Vegas and Los Angeles. Yet, when the winds were blowing north and east, it was OK to detonate. Lemhi, Blaine, Custer and Gem counties were four of the five hardest hit with Iodine 131 fallout, which is a major factor in thyroid cancer. There was some discussion that Senator Larry Craig now supports more nuclear weapons development and related testing. A major portion of the meeting was devoted to informing people on how to testify or send comments to NAS. Yet, some in attendance felt a study should be conducted in Custer County to determine the true impact of the fallout. Alliance members suggested that kind of research project would be perfect for a doctoral thesis. They promised to speak to their contacts in universities and encouraged the locals to make their own inquiries. Meanwhile, anyone wishing to testify in Boise must get on a list to speak for five minutes. They have to either e-mail ialnabul@nas.edu [ialnabul@nas.edu] or call Dr. Isaf Al-Nabulsi at 202-334-2671. Ester Ceja, Snake River Alliance, said those who can’t call or e-mail can contact Alliance staff, who will get them on the list. Cancers of concern are small intestine, pharynx, pancreas, liver, lung, brain, breast, bladder, colon, gall bladder, thyroid, certain types of leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, esophogial, stomach, urinary, ovary and salivary. Custer Publishing, Inc. • P.O. Box 405 • Challis, Idaho 83226 Telephone 208.879.4445 • Fax 208.879.5276 • E-mail: info@challismessenger.com [info@challismessenger.com] Copyright © 2001-2004 Custer Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved. Web site developed and designed by Meg Donahue. ***************************************************************** 29 Interfax: Russian soldiers to observe nuclear safety training in England Interfax.com [http://www.interfax.com] Text version Oct 14 2004 2:06PM BUCHAREST. Oct 14 (Interfax) - Russian military experts will observe nuclear safety training scheduled to take place in Great Britain in 2005, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said at a press conference in the Romanian town of Poiana Brasov on Thursday. "Great Britain came up with the initiative to hold training on protecting nuclear military objects from a terrorist threat," Ivanov said. He said that issues of providing security and defense for nuclear military facilities, and also the transportation of nuclear weapons will be worked out during the training. © 1991-2004 Interfax All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 30 Times-Picayune: N.O. contractor unfazed by vote [http://www.timespicayune.com/subscribe.html] But program transfer likely means lost jobs Thursday, October 14, 2004By Bruce Alpert Washington bureau WASHINGTON -- A New Orleans contractor says it expects to continue working on a contract to process claims for sick workers at government labs and nuclear facilities despite a recent vote by Congress to transfer the program to another federal agency. Moving the program from the Energy Department to the Labor Department is expected to lead to the selection of a new contractor. [http://ads.nola.com/RealMedia/ads/click_nx.ads/www.nola.com/xml/ story/N/NSDC/@StoryAd?x] But Apogen Technologies, formerly Science and Engineering Associates, said it doesn't anticipate any immediate letup in its work, and the company expects to play a lead role in processing claims through next year. "We are currently processing nearly 300 claims per week and we are projected to complete all pending claims during the next year," the company said in a statement. "Apogen Technologies is fully staffed and prepared to continue processing claims during the transition and thereafter as directed." Neither Labor nor Energy Department officials could say Wednesday how long a transition period would be needed to transfer the program. Congress voted to transfer the contract after months of complaints from influential lawmakers that the Energy Department and Apogen had been too slow in processing claims. Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, said he feared many workers would die before they were compensated. Grassley also used a Senate hearing to present financial records that showed Apogen had charged the government a reimbursement rate for one top manager that was higher than the $400,000 annual salary of the president of the United States. Apogen and the Energy Department both denied any overcharging. Sen. Jeff Bingaman, D-N.M., said the Department of Energy has spent $95 million on administrative costs for the sick worker program, but processed less than 10 percent of the 23,000 pending claims. Under the program, the Department of Energy was charged with helping government workers and private contract employees get state workers' compensation benefits for illnesses associated with work at federal nuclear labs and other facilities. The Energy Department hired Apogen to process the claims, using an existing Navy contract rather than putting the work out for bid. Sens. John Breaux and Mary Landrieu, both D-La., successfully opposed efforts last year to move the program out of the Energy Department, saying it would hurt a key New Orleans workforce. But the latest transfer proposal, incorporated into a giant defense authorization bill, met with little congressional opposition. Neither Landrieu nor Breaux were available Wednesday to discuss the issue. The Bush administration has expressed a preference for keeping the program at the Energy Department. But the president is unlikely to veto the defense authorization bill, which gives support to some of his major spending initiatives in Iraq, because of changes in the sick worker program. Apogen had employed more than 100 workers on the Energy Department contract, about 30 in its New Orleans office and the rest in Virginia, according to company officials. The company recently said it hired about 200 more workers, almost all in Virginia, to speed claims processing. "Apogen is currently performing at a record pace in processing claims for handoff to a physician review panel," the company said in a statement. "On Oct. 1, we surpassed 10,000 claims processed." In August, Bobby Savoie, who founded Science & Engineering Associates, left Apogen, which was created in January as a result of a merger with ITS Services Inc. of McLean, Va. Savoie said he was fired. That left Apogen without its most politically influential executive. Savoie is a regular donor to congressional campaigns, and has been a major fund-raiser for Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry. Bruce Alpert can be reached at bruce.alpert@newhouse.com or (202) 383-7861. Times-Picayune home delivery. Subscribe Now! ©2004 NOLA.com. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 31 NRC: NRC Proposes $3,000 Fine Against Integrated Production Services, Inc. News Release - Region IV - 2004-04 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs, Region IV No. IV-04-042 October 14, 2004 CONTACT: Victor Dricks Phone: 817-860-8128 E-mail: [opa4@nrc.gov] The Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff has proposed a $3,000 fine against Integrated Production Services, Inc., of Broussard, La., for a willful violation of NRC radiation safety requirements. The company is licensed by the State of Louisiana to use well-logging devices with sealed radioactive material to obtain information about underground rock formations and the likely amounts of gas and oil present. However, in May 2001, the NRC notified the State of Louisianas licensees that they were be subject to NRC regulatory requirements when operating in offshore waters. During an NRC inspection and investigation completed on August 9, 2004, the NRC staff determined that the company had conducted well-logging activities in offshore waters in September 2003, and transported radioactive byproduct material into offshore waters on other occasions without first obtaining an NRC license. The NRC also determined that the violation was willful, as the companys representative had attended a May 10, 2001, NRC-sponsored meeting in Lafayette, La., where the requirements were explained. Although the company maintains that there was no intent to violate federal law, the NRC continues to believe that willfulness was associated with this violation, the NRCs Region IV Administrator Bruce S. Mallett said in a letter to the company. IPS sent a representative to the (May 10, 2001) meeting and had the overall responsibility to assure that the messages conveyed by NRC at this meeting were acted upon. Mallett also noted that the violation occurred after applying for, but before receiving, an NRC license to operate in offshore waters. The companys corrective actions include employment of a full-time radiation safety officer, actions to assure that company managers are aware of meetings with regulatory agencies and any required actions, monthly review of employee training plans, and meetings with employees to emphasize the importance of compliance. The company is required to provide a written response to the proposed violation within 30 days. Last revised Thursday, October 14, 2004 ***************************************************************** 32 Boston.com: Report challenges US port security Urges tighter watch over cargo By Katherine Pfleger Shrader, Associated Press | October 14, 2004 WASHINGTON -- The Homeland Security Department's independent investigator has concluded that federal inspectors of oceangoing shipping containers still need to improve their detection equipment and search procedures to prevent terrorists from sneaking weapons of mass destruction into US ports. In a report to be released today, the department's inspector general acknowledges that US Customs and Border Protection has made security changes and has others planned. Clark Kent Ervin said he still has recommendations to improve the equipment that detects threatening cargo, such as nuclear material, and make inspection procedures more effective. Details were not made public in the unclassified report, obtained in advance by the Associated Press. ''Improvements are needed in the inspection process to ensure that weapons of mass destruction or other implements of terror do not gain access to the US through oceangoing cargo containers," Ervin wrote. Representative Jim Turner of Texas, the top Democrat on the House Homeland Security Committee, said the government needs to put specialized radiation monitors at all US ports and have enough people to physically inspect cargo containers that set off radiation alarms. While improvements in cargo inspection have been made since Sept. 11, 2001, less than 5 percent of containers are inspected. ''We all know that the number one threat faced by the American people is a nuclear weapon in the hands of a terrorist," Turner said. ''It illustrates what a wide gap there is in the rhetoric of protecting the homeland and the reality of what we are actually doing. It is one security gap that has got to be closed." Turner and Representative John Dingell, Democrat of Michigan, requested the report after an ABC News team smuggled 15 pounds of depleted uranium into the United States in 2002 and 2003. ABC cited experts who said that shielded depleted uranium had the same signature as shielded weapons-grade uranium -- a finding the agency has rejected. Homeland Security Department spokesman Dennis Murphy cast doubt on the ABC experiment's validity, saying depleted uranium is used in everyday items, including elevators and jets. He said it only carries a risk if heated to a point that microscopic pieces can be inhaled. The inspector general said senior scientists from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory concluded that the Homeland Security agency now has tools that can detect both depleted uranium and highly enriched uranium that could be used in a weapon, but the ability to sense them is reduced in certain conditions. Those conditions were not publicly disclosed. Ervin's report makes recommendations to improve the equipment, but they were not disclosed. The report also urges better training and search procedures to be followed by cargo inspectors. Today, if a container creates an alert, Murphy said, experts at the always open National Targeting Center work with inspectors at the ports to determine if there is a problem. He said everyday items, including dirt and bananas, are known to set off alarms. Meanwhile, the government agency in charge of airport security spent nearly $500,000 on an awards ceremony at a lavish hotel, including almost $200,000 for travel and lodging for attendees, $81,000 for plaques and $500 for cheese displays, according to an internal report obtained by the Associated Press. The investigation by the homeland agency's inspector general also found the TSA gave its senior executives bonuses averaging $16,000, higher than at any other federal government agency. TSA spokeswoman Amy von Walter said the agency believes the bonuses and party were justified ''given the hours and productivity of the work force during this critical period." [ /] © Copyright 2004 Globe Newspaper Company. [ /] More News ***************************************************************** 33 News agency: Kyrgyzstan Blocks Nuclear Shipments [http://www.akipress.com/] 14:24 14-10-2004 Government move to ban radioactive imports pleases environmentalists but angers processing plant workers. A battle between environmental groups and western nuclear energy firms trying to send radioactive materials to Kyrgyzstan came to a head in recent weeks, with the government siding with locals worried about possible contamination. On September 28, the Kyrgyz government announced it would block efforts by energy producer British Nuclear Fuels, BNFL, to send uranium-contaminated graphite for processing in Kyrgyzstan. In a statement, which was re-released in English in London on October 5, the government said it had reached its decision because of safety concerns. The declaration came after state-owned BNFL tried to send about 1,800 tonnes of uranium-bearing graphite, a byproduct of the nuclear fuel production process, to the Karabalta mining and processing plant, KGRK. BNFL and other western firms are struggling to dispose of these materials because of strict controls at home and growing environmental opposition in developing nations. In the civilian sector, uranium is used to fuel commercial power plants and in certain fertilizers, among other things. Exposure to the substance has been linked to several types of cancer. BNFL maintains that it is not looking to dump radioactive waste in Kyrgyzstan. Instead, it intends to extract uranium and send it back to the UK, leaving the remaining material in Kyrgyzstan, the company says. Kyrgyz activists are strongly opposed to the British shipments, “We will not allow the delivery of such dangerous cargo from abroad. If this goes ahead, we demand that the government resign”, Toktaiym Umetalieva, the leader of a coalition of non-governmental groups, told IWPR. A deal between the plant and BNFL would make economic sense for the British firm, but would be bad news for Kyrgyzstan, which is struggling to cope with existing radioactive waste on its soil, said Peter Roche, a nuclear expert at global environmental campaigner Greenpeace. “BNFL not only gets to dispose of its waste in Kyrgyzstan, but will also get back 60 tonnes of useable uranium in return”, he said. BNFL spokesman Alan Beauchamp rejected allegations that the company was effectively dumping uranium waste in Kyrgyzstan. “We are not looking to dispose of the waste”, he said, adding that the material that would stay in Kyrgyzstan is not known of as waste but “processed residue”. German contractor, RWE Nukem GmbH, which provides services for the nuclear industry, has been trying to arrange the delivery of BNFL consignments of uranium-contaminated graphite to the Kyrgyz plant, but has so far failed to get an import license for it. The contractor started negotiating with the authorities earlier this year, but in July a group of NGOs sent letters to the government protesting against an official commission's decision to support the deal. The matter appeared to have been settled after the government gave assurances that the shipments would not go ahead. But the controversy resurfaced again in September when the British media reported that BNFL, through Nukem, was negotiating the delivery of uranium-contaminated graphite - prompting a renewed outcry from Kyrgyz activists and apparently forcing the government to issue its ban. In an interview with IWPR, a Nukem spokesman denied claims that they were organising the dumping of radioactive material, insisting that it was merely being sent for processing. He added that Kyrgyzstan has been processing uranium-containing raw material for 45 years and had been receiving such consignments from Kazakstan quite recently. For the workers in the Karabalta plant, one of the few factories in the world that separates uranium from graphite, the government’s decision imperils their livelihoods. “We haven’t been paid for half a year, and we don’t have raw materials to work with. Our plant was built to process uranium, nothing else. What should we do, die of starvation?”, said a KGRK employee, who wished to remain anonymous. Boris Karpachov, the head of the radiation safety service at the Governmental State Agency for Geology and Mineral Resources, lashed out at the groups trying to derail the contract with BNFL. “KGRK is looking for partners, trying to survive, while NGOs are busy with their intrigues and demagogy, preventing contracts from being signed, which are the only chance for the workers and for all residents of Karabalta”, he said. Karpachov argued that money made by the factory would allow the country to address economic and social problems, and pay to cleanup and maintain pits containing processed radioactive material. The BNFL is holding out for a decision in its favour despite the governments categorical statement banning its proposed shipments. Company spokesman Beauchamp insisted that BNFL has not received any official notification about the ban. “We will find an alternative to the Kyrgyz plant if necessary but we do not have any lined up at the moment because we hope to get the [Kyrgyz import] licence”. By Gulnura Toralieva in Bishkek , specially for IWPR All rights reserved. Our address: Moskovskaya str. 189, Bishkek, the Kyrgyz Republic Tel/Fax: +996(312)61-03-96 admin@akipress.org ***************************************************************** 34 Findlaw: The Yucca Mountain Radioactive Waste Site Controversy - The Role A Recent Federal Appellate Decision In The Controversy May Play in the Presidential Election [http://jobs.findlaw.com] | CLE By JAMISON COLBURN ---- Thursday, Oct. 14, 2004 In their series of debates, the candidates have explored a number of legal issues of consequence in the upcoming election. But one such issue still lies dormant under a ridge in the Nevada desert. The issue is Yucca Mountain. For Nevadans, it's visceral: When the dust finally settles, the repository [http://www.ocrwm.doe.gov/ymp/about/index.shtml] will likely house over 70,000 metric tons of highly radioactive waste. Nevada - with five electoral college votes - doesn't want that waste. Indeed, Nevadans feel a strong antipathy toward anyone even remotely responsible for Yucca. In 2000, for instance, then-Governor Bush used the issue to beat then-Vice President Gore in that states. Unfortunately for President Bush, it is now possible that Senator Kerry will best him in Nevada using the very same issue. Las Vegas -- the fastest growing city in America -- gains 5,000 new residents every month and, of course, contains the "gaming" lobby - one of the most powerful in the country. And recent decisions regarding Yucca Mountain from the U.S. Court Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit have, as I discuss below, added some fuel to the fire of this controversy. But should Yucca Mountain really be laid at the President's door? This train started rolling 22 years ago and it has taken almost $4 billion to keep it chugging through five presidential elections since. It may be just bad luck that President Bush - like would-be President Gore - before him - has assumed this legacy. After all, the entity originally responsible for Yucca Mountain was Congress. And the reason twenty-two years have passed since Congress acted, may have much more to do with the truth about administrative agencies, than with any of the individual Presidents who have served during that time. Nevertheless, a recent federal court ruling [http://pacer.cadc.uscourts.gov/docs/common/opinions/200407/01-12 58a.pdf] finding that the Bush EPA underestimated Yucca Mountain's risks may well influence the election - for this ruling may tend to further enrage Nevadans, adding to their ongoing anger over Yucca Mountain. The NWPA: What This 1982 Law Required of Three Administrative Agencies The Yucca Mountain story begins in 1982. That year, in the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA), Congress "federalized" the disposal of high-level radioactive waste - ensuring it would be exclusively under federal power. The NWPA charged three federal agencies -- the Department of Energy (DOE), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) -- with designing, building, and administering a single centralized repository for such waste. The idea was that the repository would replace the current system: on-site storage of waste at the more than 100 nuclear power generating facilities nationwide. The NWPA charged the three agencies with find the right "remote location" for the waste repository. The hope was that putting the waste in a single place would minimize the possibilities of sabotage or terrorism--or indeed, releases of any kind--and make the waste easier to manage. Each of the three agencies was given different responsibilities with respect to Yucca Mountain. EPA was to write "general" standards for the containment structures in order to prevent releases. NRC was to license the facility, as it was designed and proposed by DOE. And DOE was to administer the facility long-term. How would the site be selected? Under the NWPA, DOE was to nominate five candidate sites; study those sites in cooperation with NRC; and then narrow the list to three. This short list was then to be presented to the President - with detailed characterizations of each site. Then, with the President's approval, the final selection was to be presented to Congress, with the opportunity given to the unlucky State to "disapprove." But this so-called disapproval could be overridden by a joint resolution of Congress. The Agencies Bog Down in Analysis - and Congress Intervenes It made sense for the NWPA to require all this analysis of candidate sites by the three different bureaucracies. The technical expertise of one administrative agency could check that of the others. And since the ultimate choice was going to be a sacrifice on the part of one state, it was important that the decision be made responsibly. In the event of containment breach, the site - and part of the state - would surely be consigned to environmental oblivion. Unfortunately, as has been true of most carefully-done environmental impact assessments, the analysis became bogged down and pricey. It took three years just for EPA to write basic containment standards for the eventual site. Meanwhile, DOE and NRC foundered in their attempt to identify 5 uniquely suitable sites. By 1987, the waste was still piling up at the dispersed facilities, many of them near major cities. And that is still true today. That means that some 160 million people in 39 states live within 75 miles of a facility. In light of this reality, Congress grew weary of the selection process it had created, and simply picked a site: Yucca Mountain, an old weapons test site owned by the government. Favoring the selection of the site were the fact that it was located almost 100 miles from the nearest city; the fact that Nevada was not a highly populated state; and the fact that the federal government owned 87% of the land in the state. More Analysis - This Time, Focused Solely on Yucca Mountain In the 1992 Energy Policy Act, Congress ordered the three agencies to focus their full attention on this site and to devise the safest storage structure feasible there. To ensure their success, Congress charged an independent panel of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) with analyzing Yucca Mountain. And, Congress required that the containment standards eventually created be "consistent with and based upon" NAS's findings. Analyzing Yucca took much of the next decade. Working through its contingencies produced a detailed knowledge of Yucca Mountain and its probable futures. The design was tweaked accordingly. Nevada Clashes with Congress and the Administration over Yucca Mountain In 2002, the Bush administration finally presented a formal "approval" of the site to Congress: The approval opined that looking out 10,000 years into the future, the risks were acceptable. Unsurprisingly, Nevada disagreed. But the Congress vetoed Nevada's "disapproval." The veto was enacted into law in the way ordinarily legislation is - its passage was bicameral; and it was presented to and signed by the President, who chose not to veto the veto. (Thus, none of the problems raised by other "legislative vetoes," such as the one at issue in the Supreme Court's decision in INS v. Chadha [http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=46 2&invol=919] , arose.) In addition, it was within Congress power, for it pertained to federal realty governed by the Property Clause. D.C's Federal Appellate Court Rules on Yucca Mountain-Related Challenges In September, the D.C. Circuit, denying rehearing, rejected a slew of challenges to the EPA's containment standards and DOE's environmental impact statement. However--and significantly - it also found that the EPA had violated the Energy Policy Act's mandate to write rules "based upon and consistent with" the 1995 NAS findings for Yucca. The court pointed out that the NAS had found [http://books.nap.edu/books/0309052890/html/index.html] that there was no scientific reason to limit the timeframe of risk analyses to 10,000 years. Yet EPA had done just that. EPA's choice to limit its rules to the next 10,000 years was defensible for several reasons - for example, because predictions so far into the future are extremely speculative. Nevertheless, the court found that this limitation was unacceptable. For one thing, the court noted, Yucca's "peak risk"--the point at which the atomic decay will have progressed to a stage where radioactive emissions are the highest--might not even occur in the first 10,000 years! So the EPA's limiting its analysis to the next 10,000 years might well ignore the "peak risk" of the site. Accordingly, the court held that the Bush EPA's standards were not "based upon and consistent with" the NAS study. It seems, then, that the EPA will have to go back and re-perform the analysis behind its rules - this time, taking into account a far longer timeframe. Only then, will the EPA end up with rules the court will deem consistent with the NAS study. It is possible that the EPA will take this issue up to the U.S. Supreme Court. Whether or not it does so, as I have noted above, the issue may play a role in the election. At this point, a ruling that his EPA did not take into account all of Yucca Mountain's risks was the last thing President Bush needed when attempting to persuade Nevadans to give him their votes. What Do You Think? Message Boards Jamison Colburn teaches environmental and administrative law at Western New England College, School of Law. Prior to teaching, he was Assistant Regional Counsel for the United States Environmental Protection Agency in Philadelphia. [http://findlaw.com/info/disclaimer.html] Copyright © 1994-2004 FindLaw ***************************************************************** 35 deseret news: Nuclear waste transit safe? [deseretnews.com] Thursday, October 14, 2004 Federal officials say it will be, but activist doubtful By Joe Bauman Deseret Morning News An activist worries about terrorist attacks on high-level nuclear shipments to a federal repository at Yucca Mountain, Nev., a program that may begin in 2010. But federal officials say the shipments will be safe. Meanwhile, uncertainty about budgetary matters has left some shipment details unresolved, according to Gary Lanthrum, director of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of National Transportation. The setting for the discussions was a meeting of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board's Transportation Planning Panel. The federal board convened the two-day meeting Wednesday in the Sheraton City Center Hotel, 150 W. 500 South. The session comes about three months after the U.S. Court of Appeals struck down all challenges to the selection of Yucca Mountain as the site of the first national long-term repository for high-level nuclear waste. It's also about one month after settlement of a suit by Union Pacific Railroad concerning use of rail lines to move the material, according to Lanthrum. That was the first suit to be settled, among a number that are pending with railroads. Some suits have been going on for 20 years, he said. "These shipments are not something the railroads can turn down," Lanthrum told the panel. "If we're compliant (with safety regulations), they have to accept them." Spent fuel rods and other dangerously radioactive waste are expected to be shipped from utilities and federal storage areas throughout the country. According to the DOE, shipments should begin in 2010. Jason Groenewold, director of the Health Environment Alliance of Utah (HEAL), Salt Lake City, said whether railroads or highways are used to move the material, "about 90 percent of the shipments are expected to come through Utah." He cited federal figures that if the material traveled mostly by rail, 95 percent would go through Utah; if by truck, the figure drops to 87 percent. When the Deseret Morning News attended the board's morning session on Wednesday, the board's focus was strongly on rail transport. HEAL is concerned about "the security issue of moving nuclear waste across the country," Groenewold told the paper. He called the shipments "mobile dirty bombs." "And how do we ensure that terrorists won't sabotage a shipment?" he asked. If an accident were to occur, about 80 percent of Utah's population lives within five miles of the transportation belt, Groenewold said. He worried about health impacts to the public and emergency responders, as well as the temporary shutdown of ordinary transportation. During a break, the paper asked Lanthrum about safety concerns. He replied that the DOE believes shipments will be safe because the country is already safely shipping such material. Allen Benson, DOE spokesman who is in Salt Lake City for the meetings, said about 3,000 shipments of spent fuel have been sent around the United States by utilities over the years. This radioactive material was moved safely a cumulative distance of about 1.7 million miles, he said. The rate of shipments is expected to increase once the repository opens. The DOE budget request for planning, design and other activities regarding transportation is $880 million per year for the fiscal year that started Oct. 1. But the budget for planning transportation of nuclear fuel to Yucca Mountain has not been passed. Instead, Congress has passed a "continuing resolution" budget item based on last year's funding level, $577 million per year. The resolution ends Nov. 20. By midnight that date, Congress must pass another resolution or the final budget or face a funding crisis. Benson said the House of Representatives came up with a much lower figure than the agency sought: only $131 million for the fiscal year. The Senate has yet to act. Once the Senate passes a budget, the two chambers must work out a final figure. How much money is available will affect how planning proceeds, according to Lanthrum. Some materials destined for the repository are of "off-normal size" and would not fit into the typical safety cask. If funding is limited, special-size shipment containers may not be available because it's more efficient to spend the money on methods that guarantee more material will be moved. E-mail: [bau@desnews.com] © 2004 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 36 Salt Lake Tribune: West states in dark on moving N-waste [http://www.sltrib.com] Article Last Updated: 10/14/2004 01:48:11 AM Governors say: During a time of terrorism, secrecy about transporting hot material is unacceptable By Patty Henetz The Salt Lake Tribune Utah and Nevada are at the end of the funnel for the tens of thousands of rail and truck shipments of nuclear waste heading for the proposed Yucca Mountain and Private Fuel Storage (PFS) disposal sites. Along with other Western states, they would like to know how the PFS and the U.S. Department of Energy plan to move and monitor the deadly material. But Congress has balked at funding the Yucca Mountain project, leaving DOE's transportation plans in limbo. And PFS, a consortium of seven utilities whose nuclear power plants are running out of on-site storage for spent fuel rods, has yet to divulge how it plans to ship the material. In a time of heightened fear of terror attacks, such uncertainty and secrecy is unacceptable, a Western governors' organization told federal officials Wednesday. "We are reluctant stewards of nuclear waste in the West," said Tim Holeman, representing the Western Interstate Energy Board. "But we are united in our commitment to safe transportation." Pointing to likely maps of train and truck routes, Holeman noted that the waste from nuclear power plants would traverse 45 states, 700 counties and 50 Indian reservations on its way to Yucca Mountain, about 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas. More than 11 million people live within a half-mile of a potential highway route, he said. Preliminary study shows the states most likely to see most of the waste pass through their population centers are Nevada, Utah and Arizona, followed by Nebraska, Wyoming and Colorado. "This is a Western issue, not just a Nevada issue," Holeman told members of the U.S. Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board during a meeting in Salt Lake City. The DOE, by law, was to open a permanent nuclear waste repository by 1998. Now the deadline is 2010. Meanwhile, DOE has not yet decided on how rail lines might be used to transport up to 3,000 metric tons of waste per year. There would have to be 300 miles of track laid between existing rails and the Yucca projects envisioned in the last 100 years," Holeman said. Not all of the nuclear reactor sites have access to rail, so the transportation plan will have to include barges and trucks. Gary Lanthrum, director of DOE's transportation program, said Congress' unwillingness to include Yucca funding in its omnibus spending bill may ultimately force the restructuring of Yucca's whole work plan. If Congress does not appropriate the money for the Nevada rail component next year, he said, the 2010 deadline would be missed. Western governors are demanding that DOE develop with the states and tribes a comprehensive transportation plan that addresses the safety of the shipping casks and a review of terrorism and sabotage risks. The governors also say that no private storage facility for nuclear waste shall be located in a state without the written consent of the governor. "PFS is a big concern to us," Holeman said. Skull Valley Band of Goshutes chairman Leon Bear in 1997 signed a lease with PFS to allow the company to store up to 44,000 tons of spent nuclear fuel on Goshute land 45 miles west of Salt Lake City. The containers would sit on concrete pads spread across 100 acres before being sent to Yucca, proponents said. The proposal must be approved by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. A PFS representative was scheduled to testify before the review board today. © Copyright 2004, The Salt Lake Tribune. ***************************************************************** 37 Charleston.Net: Opinion: Editorials Progress on nuclear waste site 10/14/04 October 14, 2004 South Carolina should welcome approval of a nuclear waste cleanup plan by a House-Senate conference committee last week. The plan, advanced by Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., provides adequate safeguards and oversight for the project, and relies on the practical experience already gained on two similar cleanup projects at SRS. Highly radioactive waste from two tanks at SRS already have been removed and stabilized for eventual storage in the interior of Yucca Mountain in Nevada. Concrete and grout were poured into the tanks, thereby stabilizing the waste residue that couldn't be safely removed and diluting it so that it no longer qualifies as high-level waste. The remaining 49 tanks, containing more than 35 million gallons of waste, will undergo the same process under the scrutiny of state environmental officials. Meanwhile, the National Academy of Sciences will review the plan in preparation for the cleanup to determine if it meets requisite safety standards. The process already has been reviewed and found to be safe by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board. Critics have opposed the plan because it does not take care of 100 percent of the radioactive waste in the storage tanks. It does have the benefit, however, of actually getting virtually all of the waste removed, treated for permanent storage and eventually taken off site. As Sen. Graham observed, "Tank cleanup efforts at the site have been at a virtual standstill." He estimates that the cleanup plan will put the waste removal more than two decades ahead of schedule. "It's long past time we get the cleanup efforts moving forward again to protect our environment," Sen. Graham said. "Every day we delay just increases the risk to the local community and the Savannah River that these tanks, some of them 50 years old, will leak and create even greater problems down the road." The plan has been endorsed by Gov. Mark Sanford, the state Department of Health and Environmental Control, Attorney General Henry McMaster, the Aiken County legislative delegation and other local officials. Its approval by conference committee, as part of the Defense Appropriations bill, virtually ensures congressional passage. The plan has been opposed by officials from Washington state and Idaho and some environmental organizations, who object to what they view as a weakening of cleanup standards and the federal responsibility for managing radioactive waste. Hanford, in Washington state, has an even larger volume of high-level waste in storage than SRS. South Carolina has opted for a practical and expedient solution over the possibility of a perfect cleanup plan perhaps decades hence. The safeguards and oversight required are sufficient to the long-overdue task. Eventually, the project may point the way for the management of other waste sites that currently are on hold. Copyright © 2004, The Post and Courier, All Rights Reserved. [webmaster@postandcourier.com] ***************************************************************** 38 AU ABC: Uranium levels in NT water 'safe'. 14/10/2004. ABC News Online [http://www.abc.net.au/] Northern Territory Health Minister Peter Toyne says no water supplies in the Territory come close to containing dangerous levels of uranium. The Opposition has accused the Government of not revealing details of radioactivity levels in some towns. The Government says some of the Territory's communities do have naturally occurring levels of uranium in their underground water supplies. Dr Toyne says the highest reading is at Kings Canyon and that is a fraction of the unsafe level prescribed by the Australian drinking water guidelines. "As regards radioactive content of water, there is no one even close to coming to unsafe levels anywhere in the Territory, where probably one-twentieth is the worst that we would find anywhere of the safe limit," he said. © 2004 Australian Broadcasting Corporation This service may include material from Agence France-Presse (AFP), AAP(International), APTN, Reuters, CNN and ***************************************************************** 39 KRNV: Attorney General says Yucca meeting was illegal October 14, 2004 A group of elected officials from rural Nevada violated state open-meeting law when they met behind closed doors to talk about a rail corridor to the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste site. The state attorney general determined that the Central Nevada Community Protection Working Group is a public body and has to hold meetings in public. The group of officials from Lincoln, Esmeralda and Nye counties and the city of Caliente is agreeing to go back and reconsider anything talked about in closed session -- and hold future meetings in public. That'll avoid a full-scale criminal investigation. The panel was formed last year at the suggestion of the Department of Energy. (Copyright 2004 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.) [http://www.worldnow.com] All content © Copyright 2001 - 2004 WorldNow and KRNV. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 40 UK: News & Star: PLUTONIUM IN SHELLFISH ROW Published on 14/10/2004 ['Kevin Christian: ’Experts are talking rubbish’ Kevin Christian: ’Experts are talking rubbish’ says the Whitehaven fisherman. By Andrea Thompson WEST Cumbrian fishermen say the area’s shellfishing industry would be crippled by new rules to ban seafood that it is too contaminated with plutonium from Sellafield. Thousands of tonnes of British shellfish currently eaten in Europe – including fish from Cumbria, the Solway and Morecambe Bay – could be banned because it will breach limits due to be introduced by the United Nations in 2005. The UN’s “Codex Alimentarius” – which brings together the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organisation – is proposing a safety limit for plutonium in food of one becquerel per kilogram (1Bq/kg). Concentrations of plutonium and other radioactivity in all the shellfish sampled by the Food Standards Agency between the Ribble estuary at Preston and Kirkcudbright on the North Solway coast in 2002 exceeded 1Bq/kg. Winkles from St Bees, next to Sellafield, contained 66 Bq/kg. The UN says the aim of the new safety levels is to reduce the long-term risk of getting cancer from eating these foods to below one in a million. But Kevin Christian, manager of Kilkeel Fishing in Whitehaven says the experts are “talking rubbish.” “Where are they producing their evidence from? The water is tested near enough on a daily basis. BNFL does its own testing and there is also independent testing by the National Rivers Authority. The water is also tested further up at Silloth and has been given a category B status which is a very good category.” Prawns are the main shellfishing along the West Cumbrian coast from Barrow to St Bees. Mr Christian said the industry would be decimated if the fish was banned. “If it was the case that it was too radioactive it would have been stopped already. “The problem that the fishing industry faces is that these white collar workers haven’t got a clue about what they are speaking about. It would cripple the fishing industry round here.” The UN’s proposal takes into account scientific uncertainties about the health risks of small amounts of plutonium inside the body. It is in line with radiation safety limits recommended by other regulatory authorities internationally, in the US and in the UK. But the UK’s Food Standards Agency says the new limits are too stricy and “not proportionate to the actual risk.” Anti-nuclear campaigner Janine Allis-Smith, of Cumbrians Opposed to a Radioactive Environment said the group welcomes the move. “We wholeheartedly endorse the view that the health of the public must come first. We have been concerned about plutonium in our food and its possible effect on our health for a long time, particularly as in studies by the Westlakes Research Institute, the radiation dose to the Cumbrian ‘critical seafood consumer group’ from Americium has been rising annually.” [http://www.whitehaven-news.co.uk/] ***************************************************************** 41 NRC: NRC Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste to Meet Oct. 19-21 in Rockville, Maryland News Release - 2004-13 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Public Affairs Telephone: 301/415-8200 Washington, DC 20555-0001 E-mail: opa@nrc.gov No. 04-131 October 14, 2004 The Nuclear Regulatory Commissions Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste will hold a public meeting Oct. 19-21, in Rockville, Md., to discuss, among other items, the June 2004 recommendations of the International Council on Radiation Protection, including how they compare to NRC regulations and practices and what aspects may require further study. The meeting will run from 8:30 a.m. to 5:45 p.m. on Tuesday, from 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on Wednesday and from 8:30 a.m. to noon on Thursday. On Tuesday, the meeting will be held in Two White Flint North Auditorium; on Wednesday and Thursday the meeting will be held in Room T-2B3 of the agencys Two White Flint North Building, at 11545 Rockville Pike. A complete agenda will be available on the NRCs Web site at this address: http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/acnw/agenda/2004/. For additional information, please contact Howard Larson at 301-415-6805. Last revised Thursday, October 14, 2004 ***************************************************************** 42 Daily Camera: Tests on Flats deer show little radiation [newsroom@dailycamera.com] . Plans for former weapons plant include hunting By Todd Neff, Camera Staff Writer October 14, 2004 Tests on deer culled at Rocky Flats show scant uptake of radioactive materials into the animals' bodies, preliminary tests show. The finding supports the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's plans to allow limited hunting on the property when it becomes a wildlife refuge. All but about 1,000 acres of the roughly 6,300-acre site of a former nuclear-weapons plant will be turned over to the Wildlife Service to create the Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge. The U.S. Department of Energy plans to complete the $7.2 billion cleanup of radioactive material by December 2006. "A highly controlled youth and/or disabled hunting program would be held a few weekends a year," says a draft comprehensive conservation plan and environmental impact study by the wildlife service. The hunting program could be expanded to the general public, depending on the need to manage deer and elk populations, the plan says. The assumption is that the game would be eaten. The Wildlife Service sent muscle, lung, liver, kidney and bone tissue from 26 deer — animals originally culled to test for chronic wasting disease — to General Engineering Laboratories in South Carolina. The company tested for plutonium, americium and uranium contamination, said Mark Sattelberg, a senior contaminants biologist for the wildlife service at Rocky Flats. Two of the 454 analyses exceeded the upper limits the wildlife service established for the radionuclides, Sattelberg said. One, a kidney sample, showed 0.0016 picocuries per gram of americium. The limit for that element was 0.001 picocuries per gram. z A picocurie is one one-trillionth of a curie, a measurement of radioactivity. By comparison, the Rocky Flats surface soils will be cleaned to 50 picocuries per gram. The second sample, from a deer liver, had 0.021 picocuries per gram of uranium, just above the Wildlife Service's limit of 0.02 picocuries per gram, Sattelberg said. Sattelberg said the wildlife service had follow-up questions for the lab, and that the results could change. The federal agency expected some radioactive particles to pass from soil to plants and into deer tissue, Sattelberg said. But he said the preliminary results show these amounts to be "very low." The wildlife service established sampling limits for radioactivity in the deer tissue based on increased cancer rates when humans consume plutonium, americium or uranium. They based their limit on the amount of contamination needed to elevate cancer risk by one one-millionth, based on Environmental Protection Agency standards, Sattelberg said. To make the test more conservative, the wildlife service assumed that a single person would eat the meat of the entire deer. It also made the testing threshold 10 times more sensitive than EPA limits, Sattelberg said — such that an increased risk of just one in 10 million would exceed the wildlife service limit. Steven Gunderson, who oversees the Rocky Flats cleanup for the state health department, said the results didn't surprise him, given the insolubility of the radioactive elements and that most of the site wasn't contaminated. The Rocky Mountain Peace and Justice Center's LeRoy Moore said the presence of uranium and americium in the deer should be enough to preclude hunting on the former nuclear-weapons site. "The important thing is that they did find radionuclides in the tissue of the deer," he said. MORE INFORMATION The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service will present its results at the Rocky Flats Citizens Advisory Board meeting from 6 to 9 p.m. today at the Broomfield Recreation Center's Lakeshore Room, 280 Lamar St.. The deer-tissue sampling talk is on the agenda for 7:30 p.m. Contact Camera Staff Writer Todd Neff at (303) 473-1327 or nefft@dailycamera.com. [http://www.scripps.com] Copyright 2004, The Daily Camera ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************