***************************************************************** 11/01/04 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 12.261 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 WorldNetDaily: October Surprise and the 'axis of evil' 2 Chief Of UN Atomic Watchdog Reiterates Call For Iran's Nuclear Compl 3 Persian Journal Gholam shire'i: Nuclear bill defends public rights - 4 Korea Herald: Russian parliamentary leaders in for nuke discussions 5 [NYTr] Nuclear Castrophe is the Tipping Point 6 US: [NukeNet] Elitism: Stop, Ding & Boycott Harvard Law School 7 US: DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Oak 8 BBC: White House rivals race to finish 9 TIME Asia Magazine: Nuclear Shell Games -- 10 Times of India: Nuclear Outlaws: Rogue States Make a Mockery of NPT 11 Moscow Times: Putin Eyes Nuclear Terrorism NUCLEAR REACTORS 12 The Herald: Nuclear industry urged to come clean over leaks 13 US: Platts: Markey wants NRC to suspend `non-essential' proceedings 14 Mid Day: Tarapur N-plant to run for another 30 yrs 15 US: SF Chronicle: Big Science with tiny particles hits a snag 16 Sify: REL keen to enter nuclear power market 17 US: NRC: Tennessee Valley Authority; Notice of Withdrawal of Applica 18 US: NRC: Solicitation of Public Comments on the Implementation of th 19 US: NRC: Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment and Find NUCLEAR SAFETY 20 [NukeNet] : [NYTr] A Global Pact Against Depleted Uranium 21 [NYTr] Boyle: Elite Law Schools and War Crimes 22 Bellona: Ladoga radioactive pollution feared 23 US: DOL: Energy Employees Compensation Program Home Page NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 24 US: deseret news: Easy mark for terrorists 25 Las Vegas RJ: Editorial boards split on election 26 Las Vegas SUN: Clinton: Nevada 'massively important' for Kerry 27 RGJ: Ann Richards blasts Bush, Cheney 28 US: Salt Lake Tribune: Stop nuclear waste 29 US: Lowell Sun: Perchlorate levels down slightly in Tewksbury 30 US: NRC: Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste (ACNW) 2004 Meeting Tra 31 OCHA IRIN KYRGYZSTAN: Landslide threatens waste dump in Naryn - 32 PRN: Sierra Club Votes '527' Campaign Heads into Final Stretch 33 US: PE: Products: California water utility removes perchlorate, VOCs NUCLEAR WEAPONS US DEPT. OF ENERGY 34 November Surprise Piketon, Ohio 35 DOE: American Statistical Association Committee on Energy Statistics 36 DOE: Sale of Surplus Highly Enriched Uranium 37 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Idaho OTHER NUCLEAR 38 UK The Times: Bush v Kerry: state by state guide ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 WorldNetDaily: October Surprise and the 'axis of evil' SATURDAY OCTOBER 30 2004 © 2004 WorldNetDaily.com To the dismay of the neo-crazies, the Iraqi puppet government has just reported to the International Atomic Energy Agency that 195 metric tons of HMX, 141 metric tons of RDX and 5.8 metric tons of PETN have gone missing. Why report that to the IAEA? Because Iraq had imported or manufactured all three of these high-explosives for use in their illicit nuke program Hence, the Iraqi stocks had been subject to the IAEA Safeguards and Physical Security regime ever since they were discovered at Al-Qaqaa in 1991. How long have they been missing? The IAEA last checked the integrity of their "seals" in March of 2003, just days before Bush attacked Iraq. Bush has not allowed IAEA back in Iraq since. Mohammed al-Sharaa, who headed, then and now, Iraq's safeguarded-site monitoring department, says, "It is impossible that these materials could have been taken from this site before the regime's fall." An IAEA spokeswoman says that after hearing of the looting at the principal safeguarded site at Tuwaitha in April 2003, the IAEA formally expressed concern "about the security of the [safeguarded] high explosives stored at Al-Qaqaa." But not to worry. One of the Pentagon neo-crazies – John A. Shaw, the deputy undersecretary of defense for international technology security – has just told Gullible Gertz at the Washington Times that he "believes" Russian special forces, working with Iraqi intelligence, "almost certainly" took custody of all those safeguarded high-explosives and smuggled them out of Iraq – to either Syria or Iran – just before Bush invaded. Neither Shaw, Gertz nor even John Kerry seems to have grasped the import of Shaw's accusations. A Bush administration weenie has just formally accused the Russians of conspiring with the Iraqis, Iranians and perhaps the Syrians to subvert the IAEA Safeguards regime and to assist Iran or Syria acquire a nuke capability, in flagrant violation of the Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons! Maybe it would help you to know what Shaw knows about HMX and RDX. In a first-generation implosion-type nuke – like the Fat Man we dropped on Nagasaki – a spherical sub-critical mass of fissile uranium is surrounded by "shaped charges" of chemical high-explosives. When detonated, the high-explosives "shaped charges" create a spherically symmetric imploding shockwave, which compresses the 7-inch-diameter sub-critical sphere into a teeny-tiny highly super-critical sphere. A fission "chain reaction" is then initiated, which continues exponentially until enough fission energy is produced to blow the supercritical mass apart. Since half the nuclear yield comes from the last "generation," the art of the nuke designer is to compress the fissile material as much and as quickly as possible and then to keep it supercritical for as long as possible. To do that, the nuke designer needs a special kind of high-explosive that didn't really exist in 1944. As a result, the Fat Man –which used conventional explosives – had a low yield but weighed about 10,000 pounds. So, to get the yield up and the weight down, U.S. nuke scientists began developing their own high-energy, but relatively insensitive, explosives. By 1947, scientists at Los Alamos had created RDX, the first plastic-bonded explosive. Soon afterwards, scientists at Lawrence Livermore developed the even more energetic HMX. Most of the nukes in our stockpile today utilize RDX and HMX plastic-bonded explosives. So, the HMX and RDX the IAEA found at Al-Qaqaa was for Iraqi nukes. They had built an RDX production plant at Al Qaqaa. It was destroyed in the Gulf War and never rebuilt. However, the Iraqis were unable to produce significant quantities of fissile uranium, so the HMX and RDX stocks were never needed. But RDX and HMX can be used for other purposes, such as mining or tunneling or demolition. Hence, the Iraqis were allowed to keep their stocks of HMX and RDX – safeguarded by the IAEA – until they could come up with plans for using their stocks peacefully. Until now, the pre-election brouhaha has focused on the possible use in Iraq of those "missing" hundreds of tons of "conventional" high-explosives. But in the extremely unlikely event that Shaw is not crazy, it might be a good idea for Kerry to bring up the nuke programs the neo-crazies allege Iran and North Korea have jump-started because Bush invaded Iraq. Iraq had RDX and HMX for nukes, but no fissile material. But both Iran and North Korea have – or soon could have – fissile material for nukes, but no RDX or HMX. So, who says you're safer now than before Bush invaded Iraq? ----------------------------------------------------------------- Physicist James Gordon Prather has served as a policy implementing official for national security-related technical matters in the Federal Energy Agency, the Energy Research and Development Administration, the Department of Energy, the Office of the Secretary of Defense and the Department of the Army. Dr. Prather also served as legislative assistant for national security affairs to U.S. Sen. Henry Bellmon, R-Okla. -- ranking member of the Senate Budget Committee and member of the Senate Energy Committee and Appropriations Committee. Dr. Prather had earlier worked as a nuclear weapons physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California and Sandia National Laboratory in New Mexico. E-MAIL GORDON PRATHER [gprather@worldnetdaily.com] | GO TO [WorldNetDaily.com] © 2004 WorldNetDaily.com, Inc. ***************************************************************** 2 Chief Of UN Atomic Watchdog Reiterates Call For Iran's Nuclear Compliance Date: Mon, 1 Nov 2004 18:00:19 -0500 X-Temp-Whitephrase: YES NUCLEAR CHIEF OF UN ATOMIC WATCHDOG REITERATES CALL FOR IRAN'S NUCLEAR COMPLIANCE New York, Nov 1 2004 6:00PM The United Nations nuclear watchdog agency's top official today called on Iran to do its utmost to build confidence by suspending activities related to uranium enrichment and reprocessing-related activities. In his annual report to the UN General Assembly, Mohammed ElBaradei, head of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), said he had urged Iran to pursue a policy of "maximum transparency" so that the outstanding issues could be resolved. "This is clearly in the interest of both Iran and the international community," he stressed. Describing the Agency's recent work in Iran and Libya as marked by "disturbing lessons," the <"http://www.iaea.org/index.html">IAEA chief hinted at the possibility of the existence of an "extensive illicit market" for the supply of nuclear items, which, he said, "clearly thrived on demand." Noting that technical barriers to accessibility of nuclear technology have eroded overtime, Mr. ElBaradei stressed the need to find "better ways and means" to control the production of enriched uranium and the reprocessing of plutonium. Reporting to the Assembly on the question of nuclear capabilities of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), he described the situation as "a serious challenge," while hoping that the six-party talks would lead the country to re-endorse the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (<"http://www.un.org/Depts/dda/WMD/treaty/">NPT). In his assessment of Libya's decision to roll back its nuclear weapons programme, the IAEA chief said it appeared to be "consistent with the information available," but added further investigation were still needed. On the question of Iraq, Mr. ElBaradei said he hoped the Security Council would soon provide guidance on its mandate. "It is clearly important to bring the whole question of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq to closure as soon as possible," he told the Assembly. Referring to a mandate given to him by the IAEA's membership, Mr. ElBaradei said he intended to organize a forum early next year to explore the possibility of establishing a nuclear weapons-free zone in the Middle East, hoping that such a move could strengthen efforts to reach a comprehensive settlement in the region. 2004-11-01 00:00:00.000 ________________ For more details go to UN News Centre at http://www.un.org/news To change your profile or unsubscribe go to: http://www.un.org/news/dh/latest/subscribe.shtml ***************************************************************** 3 Persian Journal Gholam shire'i: Nuclear bill defends public rights - [http://www.iranian.ws/] Oct 31, 2004, 12:35 Iran's mullah-run majlis speaker Gholam Ali Haddad Adel also known as "Gholam shire'i" in majlis said here Sunday that the bill on getting access to peaceful nuclear technology urged the government not to ignore nation's right to use the technology for peaceful purposes. Talking to foreign and domestic reporters, he added the bill, approved by majlis deputies on Sunday, will determine the framework for the Iranian delegation in conducting future negotiations. "The ratification lightens the atmosphere for wise negotiations," Gholam shire'i said. Asked whether the bill would contradict agreements between the Iranian delegation and the EU big trio (Germany, Britain and France), he stated, "when we set the limits of a playground, we have not banned the game." "If negotiators reach a consensus that would lead to freezing Iran's access to nuclear technology, the talks were doomed to failure whether the bill approved or not," Gholam shire'i stressed. Based on the bill, Gholam shire'i said, the government is obliged not to ignore the Iranian nation's right in getting access to peaceful nuclear energy. "The bill is not new. This is what we have insisted since the start of negotiations. © Iranian.ws ***************************************************************** 4 Korea Herald: Russian parliamentary leaders in for nuke discussions 2004.11.02 [http://www.voiceware.co.kr] A Russian parliament delegation arrived in South Korea on Monday afternoon to participate in discussions on the stalled negotiations of the North's nuclear arms issue, members of the South Korean National Assembly said on Monday (November 01). Konstantin Kosachev, the deputy chairman of the State Duma and Commission for International Affairs, and three other representatives are visiting South Korea for talks with parliamentarians of South Korea over the matter of resuming six-nation talks on North Korea's nuclear program. Lim Chae-jung, head of the unification, foreign affairs and trade committee, invited Kosachev, a key aid to Russia's former Prime Minister Yevgeny Primakov. "I know Kosachev as a close aid to former Prime Minister Primakov," Lim said. "We will talk with him about parliamentary cooperation for more exchanges of the two countries and about the six-party talks." The delegation from Russia will stay in Seoul till Friday, during this time they will pay a courtesy call to Kim One-ki, the Assembly speaker, on Tuesday they are scheduled to meet with Foreign Minister Ban Ki-moon and on Wednesday they will meet with Unification Minister Chung Dong-young. The Russian delegation is scheduled to give a press conference at the Westin Chosun Hotel on Thursday before departing Seoul. [Digital Herald News] 2004.11.02 ***************************************************************** 5 [NYTr] Nuclear Castrophe is the Tipping Point Date: Mon, 1 Nov 2004 11:12:55 -0600 (CST) Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit sent by Mart Rabble.Ca - Oct 29, 2004 http://rabble.ca/columnists_full.shtml?x=3D34865 [Originally published in The Toronto Globe and Mail, where Rick Salutin's column appears every Friday.] Nuclear catastrophe is the tipping point by Rick Salutin Anchor to anchor, NBC's Tom Brokaw told the CBC's Peter Mansbridge on Monday that the U.S. is deeply divided between two candidates with "vastly divergent views." My problem is, I don't see it. On Iraq, George Bush wants to stay and win. John Kerry - wants to stay and win. They differ only on how it's going. On same-sex marriage, one is against it and wants a constitutional amendment. The other is against and doesn't want an amendment. So why are we told there is a gulf, and why does each side seem to truly feel they are battling the devil on the other side? It gets more confusing when you consider the animosity between liberals and conservatives. Something as mild as universal health care isn't even on the table in this great fracas. But there's no doubt most Americans believe they are in the vortex of an ideological war. The claim may serve one purpose. By implying a state of conflict, it diverts attention from the crucial fact of U.S. politics: a massive national consensus about the right to project U.S. power anywhere, its imperial - project. Think how pervasive that assumption is. More like recognizing a fact than a right. U.S. troops in Iraq, Somalia, Korea, never seem out of place. They sit on the borders of declared enemies, like the former Soviet Union, Iran or North Korea; yet if those countries had forces ringing the U.S., it would lead to war - and almost did in 1962. The best asset of a controversial policy is for it to appear uncontroversial. So no questions are raised, or are quickly marginalized, on both the left and right. But really, why call that consensus the crucial fact in the U.S.? Doesn't it just belong to "foreign policy," one of many issue areas? That may be so in a place like Canada, but a foreign policy based on the right to go anywhere and subjugate anyone is different. It touches and distorts every value in a society: from the nature of democratic process to the personalities formed in kids. It affects the way all citizens, in every sector, see themselves and others. The declared motive doesn't matter: spreading democracy, plundering resources, doing God's will. It will breed attitudes about power, inequality, the absolute truth of one's ideas; it affects economics, culture, everything. How does it do so? Seymour Hersh, who exposed the My Lai massacre in Vietnam 35 years ago, said this week that the mother of a U.S. soldier told him: "I sent them a good boy and they gave me back a murderer." It happens that way, and in other, subtler ones. It can happen to any nation, once it takes on such a role. It has transformed Israeli society, especially since the conquest and occupation of 1967. That Canadians do not generally betray such attitudes has nothing to do with us being better people. It's because we haven't been given imperial experiences. In cases where we play analogous parts, with aboriginal peoples, for example, we don't measure up well. As for the "bitterly divided" U.S. election, try this. Imperial policies beget a kind of domestic imperial politics, which is not about resolving differences via democratic debate, but is modelled on conquering versus conquered, rulers versus ruled, winners and losers. Things get tenser when the empire itself is challenged and, most of all, when it bogs down as it has in Iraq. If the imperial mentality makes people haughty, mean and unwilling to deal with contradiction, then a threatened imperialism will make them more so, because now they're scared and their basic sense of superiority and power is under stress. And so the current "season of mean" in the U.S. All the normal political nastiness gets augmented. Many on the left are nursing a certain whimsy about John Kerry in office. "My guess is," wrote my friend Linda McQuaig, "he would behave less aggressively in the world than Bush." I respectfully scoff. My guess is, in the Kennedy or Clinton mode, he'd be as or more aggressive, as he has promised. But I also think the theopolitically blinkered Bush team is more likely to lead us all into nuclear catastrophe than the "reality-based" John Kerry. For me, global incineration is the tipping point. I'm hoping for a Kerry win. * Search the NYTr Archives at: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ To subscribe or unsubscribe or change your settings via the web, visit: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail: nyt@blythe.org ================================================================= ***************************************************************** 6 [NukeNet] Elitism: Stop, Ding & Boycott Harvard Law School Date: Mon, 01 Nov 2004 18:34:06 -0800 by request. fab. Francis A. Boyle Law Building 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave. Champaign, IL 61820 USA 217-333-7954 (voice) 217-244-1478 (fax) fboyle@law.uiuc.edu (personal comments only) -----Original Message----- From: owner-aalsmin-l@ube.ubalt.edu [mailto:owner-aalsmin-l@ube.ubalt.edu] On Behalf Of Francis Boyle Sent: Saturday, October 30, 2004 1:50 PM To: 'AALS Section on Minority Grps. mailing list' Subject: Elitism: Stop, Ding & Boycott Harvard Law School Faculty: ASIL Insights - October 27, 2004 What has become of our so-called "elite" Law Schools: Harvard, Yale, Chicago, Berkeley.. Either turning out or hiring war criminals, warmongers, and torturers. something is rotten in the state of "elite" legal education. They are no longer fit to educate students. There is something fundamentally wrong with a system of elite legal education that has become so rotten, corrupt, despicable and anti-democratic. Francis A. Boyle Francis A. Boyle Law Building 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave. Champaign, Ill. 61820 USA 217-333-7954 (voice) 217-244-1478 (fax) (personal comments only) ----- Original Message ----- From: Francis Boyle To: 'AALS Section on Minority Grps. mailing list' Sent: Saturday, October 30, 2004 11:40 AM Subject: YLS?: Stop, Ding & Boycott Harvard Law School Faculty: ASIL Insights - October 27, 2004 i read the memo by Goldsmith posted on the Washington Post web-site. Truly disgusting business. Basically authorizing the CIA to kidnap protected persons from Iraq for the purpose of "interrogation" elsewhere--i.e., torture. Authorizing grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions and the US War Crimes Act. In other words, serious war crimes under both international law and US domestic criminal law. Goldsmith, Wedgewood and Yoo were all educated at Yale Law School. In other words, YLS has produced three war criminal law professors. Something is rotten in the City of New Haven. As an alum I have acted with respect to the Faculty of Harvard Law School. It seems to me that those of you who are YLS alums had better do something about the Faculty of Yale Law School before they continue to turn out more war criminals and warmongers such as Goldsmith, Wedgewood and Yoo. fab, HLS, 1976 Francis A. Boyle Law Building 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave. Champaign, Ill. 61820 USA 217-333-7954 (voice) 217-244-1478 (fax) (personal comments only) ----- Original Message ----- From: Boyle, Francis To: 'AALS Section on Minority Grps. mailing list' ('AALS Section on Minority Grps. mailing list') Sent: Thursday, October 28, 2004 2:29 PM Subject: Stop, Ding & Boycott Harvard Law School Faculty: ASIL Insights - October 27, 2004 As former Chair of the Harvard Law School Fund Campaign for Greater Illinois, I am encouraging my fellow HLS Alums to cut-off all funding for HLS in protest.There is no point funding our adversaries. Francis A. Boyle, HLS, 1976 Francis A. Boyle Law Building 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave. Champaign, IL 61820 USA 217-333-7954 (voice) 217-244-1478 (fax) fboyle@law.uiuc.edu (personal comments only) -----Original Message----- From: Boyle, Francis Sent: Thursday, October 28, 2004 9:51 AM To: Killeacle (Killeacle) Subject: Ding & Boycott Harvard Law Schoo Faculty: ASIL Insights - October 27, 2004 From: owner-aalsmin-l@ube.ubalt.edu [mailto:owner-aalsmin-l@ube.ubalt.edu] On Behalf Of Boyle, Francis Sent: Thursday, October 28, 2004 9:04 AM To: 'AALS Section on Minority Grps. mailing list' ('AALS Section on Minority Grps. mailing list') Subject: Ding & Boycott Harvard Law School: ASIL Insights - October 27, 20 04 Dear Colleagues: One of you made an excellent suggestion to me: That we proceed to ding HLS on ALL the surveys we get from US News and World Report and elsewhere, and drive their rankings down overall and by each specialty. When they voted to appoint Goldsmith, the Harvard Law School Faculty knew fell well that he was involved in war crimes activities at the Department of Justice and the Pentagon. Indeed, Dean Kagan had been personally warned about this, but the Harvard Law School Faculty voted to appoint a prima facie war criminal to their Faculty anyway. The Harvard Law School Faculty is not fit to educate students. We need to drive home to the Harvard Law School Faculty that this behavior is completely unacceptable to their Colleagues in the Legal Teaching Profession. The Harvard Law School Faculty is not above the Law. Therefore, I recommend that we respond to each and every peer survey we get and rank the Harvard Law School LAST in each and every specialty and overall. Francis A. Boyle, HLS, 1976 Francis A. Boyle Law Building 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave. Champaign, IL 61820 USA 217-333-7954 (voice) 217-244-1478 (fax) fboyle@law.uiuc.edu (personal comments only) -----Original Message----- From: owner-aalsmin-l@ube.ubalt.edu [mailto:owner-aalsmin-l@ube.ubalt.edu] On Behalf Of Boyle, Francis Sent: Wednesday, October 27, 2004 4:58 PM To: 'AALS Section on Minority Grps. mailing list' ('AALS Section on Minority Grps. mailing list') Subject: Boycott Harvard Law School: ASIL Insights - October 27, 2004 "Finally, Article 147 of the Fourth Geneva Convention provides in part, "Grave breaches [of the Convention] shall be those involving any of the following acts, if committed against persons or property protected by the present Convention: . . . unlawful deportation or transfer . . . of a protected person . . . ." The deportation or transfer would be "unlawful" if it violates Article 49.[9] Article 146 requires each contracting party to search for persons alleged to be responsible for grave breaches, and to bring them before its own courts or hand them over for trial to another contracting party that has made out a prima facie case against them." This is precisely what should be done to HLS Professor Jack Goldsmith. He is responsible for grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions and must be brought before US courts of prosecution for the commission of such war crimes. Notice too that I was thrown off the ASIL listserves for pointing this out. No surprise there. As I established in my Foundations of World Order (Duke University Press: 1999), the American Society of International Law and the American Journal of International Law were originally established as front organizations and propaganda mouthpieces for the U.S. State Department. Nothing has changed. The Harvard Law School Faculty knew full well of all the nefarious activities that Goldsmith had engaged in at both the Pentagon and the Department of Justice before they voted to hire him. Indeed, Dean Kagan had been told that there was a serious problem with Goldsmith. But they hired him anyway, and at the height of the Abu Ghraib torture scandal, knowing full well that the DOJ Office of Legal Counsel was the lead agency on authorizing and approving that torture. For this reason, the Harvard Law School Faculty is not fit to educate students. I call upon all people of good faith and good will to boycott the Harvard Law School and its Faculty. Francis A. Boyle, HLS, 1976 -----Original Message----- From: ASIL Insights [mailto:insights@asil.org] Sent: Wednesday, October 27, 2004 3:12 PM To: FBOYLE@LAW.UIUC.EDU Subject: ASIL Insights - October 27, 2004 ASIL Insights are available on the ASIL website at: http://www.asil.org/insights.htm ASIL Insight By Frederic L. Kirgis October 2004 According to news reports, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has transferred about a dozen non-Iraqi prisoners out of Iraq in the past 18 months. Their destination has not been made known. The news reports say that the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel has prepared a draft legal opinion that would authorize the CIA to take Iraqis out of the country for brief periods of interrogation, and permanently to remove persons deemed to be illegal aliens under "local immigration law."[1] The United States government has acknowledged that the 1949 Geneva Conventions apply to the situation in Iraq. This Insight identifies and briefly analyzes provisions in those Conventions that might apply to these transfers. It does not reach conclusions regarding the lawfulness of the transfers under the Conventions. Nor does it consider international human rights norms that exist independently from the Geneva Conventions. The Fourth Geneva Convention applies to civilians, including most--but not all--civilians in occupied territory. According to a handbook published by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the organization that administers the Geneva Conventions, "'Civilian person' means any person who does not belong to the armed forces and does not take part in a 'levée en masse'."[2](A "levée en masse" would consist of inhabitants of a non-occupied territory who spontaneously and openly take up arms to resist an invading force.[3]) As the news media have pointed out, Article 49 of the Fourth Geneva Convention says, "Individual or mass forcible transfers, as well as deportations of protected persons from occupied territory to the territory of the Occupying Power or to that of any other country, occupied or not, are prohibited, regardless of their motive." Moreover, Article 76 says, "Protected persons accused of offences shall be detained in the occupied country, and if convicted they shall serve their sentences therein." Article 1 provides, "The High Contracting Parties undertake to respect and to ensure respect for the present Convention in all circumstances." Article 5 sets out a limitation on the rights of a protected person who is definitely suspected of activity hostile to the security of an occupying power, but the limitation extends only to forfeiture of the person's rights of communication under the Convention. Article 6 says that an occupying power is bound by these Articles (among other Articles) for the duration of the occupation. The United States and Iraq are parties to the Convention. Article 4 of the Fourth Geneva Convention says that persons protected by the Convention are "those who, at a given moment and in any manner whatsoever, find themselves, in case of a conflict or occupation, in the hands of a Party to the conflict or Occupying Power of which they are not nationals." The International Committee of the Red Cross' Commentary to the Fourth Geneva Convention mentions that during the negotiations leading to the adoption of that Convention, some speakers observed that the term "nationals" does not cover all cases. In particular, they said, it does not cover "cases where men and women had fled from their homeland and no longer considered themselves, or were no longer considered, to be nationals of that country."[4]It is possible that some of the recently-transferred persons are in this category, but it is not clear under the international law of treaties that this negotiating history could properly be considered in interpreting the seemingly unambiguous terms, quoted above, of Article 4.[5] Article 4 also says that "Nationals of a neutral State who find themselves in the territory of a belligerent State, and nationals of a co-belligerent State, shall not be regarded as protected persons while the State of which they are nationals has normal diplomatic representation in the State in whose hands they are." This provision could apply to non-Iraqi nationals of a country that has normal diplomatic representation in the United States. The reason for this provision is that the diplomatic representatives can adequately protect the interests of their nationals by dealing directly with the government of the occupying country.[6] But it does not contemplate a situation in which those diplomatic representatives would be disinclined to protect their nationals suspected of terrorism that might, at least in part, be directed against their own government. Article 4 goes on to say that persons protected by the other 1949 Geneva Conventions, including the Third Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, "shall not be considered as protected persons within the meaning of the present Convention." The United States has taken the position that prisoners who are members of Al Qaeda and related terrorist organizations are not prisoners of war within the meaning of the Third Geneva Convention. Members of such groups, if they are not members of regular armed forces, are not entitled to prisoner of war status unless they carry arms openly and conduct their operations in accordance with the laws and customs of war.[7]Thus they could be protected persons under the Fourth Geneva Convention, so long as they do not fall within any other exception to it. Even if the local immigration law of Iraq allows deportation of persons deemed to be illegal aliens, the Geneva Conventions would trump domestic Iraqi law as a matter of international law--provided, of course, that the persons being deported are within the protection of the Geneva Conventions. Under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, which reflects customary international law, "A party may not invoke the provisions of its internal law as justification for its failure to perform a treaty."[8] Finally, Article 147 of the Fourth Geneva Convention provides in part, "Grave breaches [of the Convention] shall be those involving any of the following acts, if committed against persons or property protected by the present Convention: . . . unlawful deportation or transfer . . . of a protected person . . . ." The deportation or transfer would be "unlawful" if it violates Article 49.[9] Article 146 requires each contracting party to search for persons alleged to be responsible for grave breaches, and to bring them before its own courts or hand them over for trial to another contracting party that has made out a prima facie case against them. About the Author: Frederic L. Kirgis is Law Alumni Professor at Washington and Lee University School of Law. He has written books and articles on international law, and is an honorary editor of the American Journal of International Law. The author is grateful to Professor Mark Drumbl for his extremely helpful comments on a draft of this Insight. Any errors or omissions are the author's own. [1] Washington Post, Oct. 24, 2004, p. A1; New York Times, Oct. 26, 2004, pp. A1, A14. [2] Frédéric de Mulinen, Handbook on the Law of War for Armed Forces 13 (ICRC, 1987). [3] Third Geneva Convention, Art.4.A(6). [4] Commentary to IV Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, at 47 (ICRC, 1958). [5] See Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Arts. 31-32, 1155 U.N. Treaty Series 331, 8 Int'l Legal Materials 679 (1969). Article 32 significantly restricts recourse to the preparatory work of a treaty when the terms of the treaty have an ordinary meaning in their context and in light of the object and purpose of the treaty. [6] Commentary to IV Geneva Convention, at 49. [7] Third Geneva Convention, Article 4.A. See also ASIL Insight, Status of Detainees in International Armed Conflict, and Their Protection in the Course of Criminal Proceedings (Jan. 2002). [8] Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Art. 27. [9] Commentary to IV Geneva Convention, at 599. As indicated above, the deportation or transfer would be unlawful under international law if it violates the Convention, whether or not it is lawful under the domestic law of Iraq. The purpose of ASIL Insights is to provide concise and informed background for developments of interest to the international community. The American Society of International Law does not take positions on substantive issues, including the ones discussed in this Insight. Educational copying is permitted with due acknowledgement. Copyright 2004 by The American Society of International Law ASIL Insights are available on the ASIL website at http://www.asil.org/insights.htm. Sign up to receive International Law In Brief via email: http://www.asil.org/resources/e-newsletters.html#lawinbrief. Join the ASILforum listserve for open discussions on topics of international law by going to http://www.asil.org/forum.htm. _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 7 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Oak Ridge FR Doc 04-24355 [Federal Register: November 1, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 210)] [Notices] [Page 63376-63377] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr01no04-56] Reservation AGENCY: Department of Energy. ACTION: Notice of open meeting. SUMMARY: This notice announces a meeting of the Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board (EM SSAB), Oak Ridge. The Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 86 Stat. 770) requires that public notice of these meeting be announced in the Federal Register. DATES: Wednesday, November 10, 2004 6 p.m. ADDRESSES: DOE Information Center, 475 Oak Ridge Turnpike, Oak Ridge, TN. [[Page 63377]] FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Pat Halsey, Federal Coordinator, Department of Energy Oak Ridge Operations Office, P.O. Box 2001, EM-90, Oak Ridge, TN 37831. Phone (865) 576-4025; Fax (865) 576-5333 or e- mail: halseypj@oro.doe.gov [halseypj@oro.doe.gov] or check the Web site at http://www.oakridge.doe.gov/em/ssab [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.oakridge.doe.gov/em/ssab] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of the Board: The purpose of the Board is to make recommendations to DOE in the areas of environmental restoration, waste management, and related activities. Tentative Agenda: Update on the Environmental Management Program Speakers--Mike Hughes of Bechtel Jacobs Company LLC Steve McCracken of the U.S. Department of Energy Public Participation: The meeting is open to the public. Written statements may be filed with the Committee either before or after the meeting. Individuals who wish to make oral statements pertaining to agenda items should contact Pat Halsey at the address or telephone number listed above. Requests must be received five days prior to the meeting and reasonable provision will be made to include the presentation in the agenda. The Deputy Designated Federal Officer is empowered to conduct the meeting in a fashion that will facilitate the orderly conduct of business. Each individual wishing to make public comment will be provided a maximum of five minutes to present their comments. This Federal Register notice is being published less than 15 days prior to the meeting due to programmatic issues that had to be resolved prior to the meeting date. Minutes: Minutes of this meeting will be available for public review and copying at the Department of Energy's Information Center at 475 Oak Ridge Turnpike, Oak Ridge, TN between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. Monday through Friday, or by writing to Pat Halsey, Department of Energy Oak Ridge Operations Office, P.O. Box 2001, EM-90, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, or by calling her at (865) 576-4025. Issued at Washington, DC, on October 27, 2004. Rachel M. Samuel, Deputy Advisory Committee Management Officer. [FR Doc. 04-24355 Filed 10-29-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** 8 BBC: White House rivals race to finish Last Updated: Tuesday, 2 November, 2004 [George W Bush lands in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on Monday] Bush and Kerry are on a final dash as the hours tick by George W Bush and John Kerry have been making last-ditch attempts to win support on the final day of campaigning in the US presidential election. Both men spent Monday targeting key marginal states which could decide the battle for the White House, a race deemed too close to call. President Bush began his day at dawn, with rallies in Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Iowa and New Mexico. Senator Kerry campaigned in Florida, Wisconsin, Michigan and Ohio. With the latest opinion polls showing the two men neck-and-neck, both made last-minute appeals to Americans to make sure they cast their votes on Tuesday, hoping that a final turnout of undecided voters will work in their favour. The BBC's Justin Webb in Washington says neither candidate can be sure of a win, and the last day may be decisive. Ohio ruling With the race so close, there are fears of a repeat of 2000's disputed result and subsequent legal wrangling. FINAL DAY: CAMPAIGN STOPS [Map showing wher Bush and Kerry are campaigning on 1 November] Election result timetable Q: Electoral College Already, two federal judges in the key state of Ohio have ruled that political party observers in polling stations may not challenge the credentials of voters during Tuesday's poll. One of the cases was brought by an African-American couple who argued that plans by President Bush's Republican Party to deploy such observers in mainly black areas amounted to intimidation. The Republicans say they should be able to challenge voters to prevent fraud, and have appealed against the ruling. Analysts believe the tight race in Ohio may prove the decider. Even a narrow majority would give the winner the state's entire set of 20 Electoral College votes that are used to pick the president. [John Kerry holds baby Brianna McElroy, months, after Mass in Orlando] African observer's view World press cynical The victor there has won the White House in every vote since 1964 - and no Republican has ever won without it. President Bush started the day in the state. A vote for his ticket, he told an early-morning crowd in Wilmington, was a vote for "a safer America and a stronger America and a better America". On his stop in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he said he had "the finish line in sight" and in Milwaukee he promised a "brighter day and a more hopeful America for every citizen". The BBC's Stephen Evans, travelling with the incumbent president, says there is no certainty of victory within the Bush camp. One Republican strategist said he was both confident and anxious about the result. Florida Senator Kerry started his day in Florida - the swing state narrowly won by Mr Bush in 2000 that gave him the election. The Democratic challenger told supporters it was time to "take this thing and finish it off and get the job done". The Democrats have 2,000 lawyers and tens of thousands of volunteers in Florida to monitor the vote after the controversial Republican victory there at the last election. THE CAMPAIGN IN FIGURES 75%: Percentage o those in an ABC poll who thought it was the most important election of their lives $272,573,444: Amount raised by President George W Bush (correct as of 13 October) $249,305,109: Amount raised by Democratic challenger Senator John Kerry (correct as of 13 October) 43,256: Number of times adverts were run from 21 to 27 October $46,367,413: Total amount spent on adverts from 21 to 27 October 208-169: US newspaper endorsements for Mr Kerry and President Bush (correct as of 31 October) 28-14: loss by Washington Redskins football team - since 1936, a loss in their last home game before the election has been followed by victory for the challenger Miami voters were crowding into polling stations on Monday to take advantage of the last day of early voting, amid fears that they would be overcrowded on election day itself. A record number of people have been voting early across the country, including nearly two million voters in Florida. Leaving the Florida sun for the rain and chill of Milwaukee, Mr Kerry and his team had to wait on arrival at General Mitchell International Airport as they crossed paths with Mr Bush. The BBC's Jill McGivering, with the Kerry campaign, said the challenger looked confident and relaxed as he told supporters in Wisconsin this was the most important election of their lives and urged them to get out and vote. He was finishing his campaign with a major rally in Cleveland, to be joined on stage by his family and rock star Bruce Springsteen. The candidates can campaign until midnight local time - which, in Washington DC, will be 0500 GMT. On election day itself, Mr Kerry will vote in Boston after starting the day in Wisconsin. Mr Bush's aides say he will vote in his home town of Crawford, Texas, before meeting campaign volunteers in Columbus, Ohio, and returning to the White House. Last-minute adverts Both camps were wrapping up their campaigns with a record number of last-minute advertisements. In the final hours of campaigning, they were less seeking new converts than trying to get all their supporters out on election day. "Get your friends and neighbours to go to the polls tomorrow," said Mr Bush in Wisconsin. Mr Kerry made a similar appeal in Milwaukee: "Knock on those doors, make those phone calls, help take friends to the polls." ***************************************************************** 9 TIME Asia Magazine: Nuclear Shell Games -- Nov. 08, 2004 Nuclear Shell Games Whatever the history of South Korea's nuclear experiments, it doesn't bother the U.S. Why not? BY [mail@web.timeasia.com] Monday, Nov. 01, 2004 The nuclear intentions of Iran and North Korea have been a major source of global angst for more than a year, and the Bush Administration is set to keep the pressure on both countries. Stopping in Seoul last week during a swing through Asia to revive talks on the North Korean nuclear crisis, Secretary of State Colin Powell said the world badly needed to get Pyongyang back to the negotiating table. North Korea "is a danger to every one of its neighbors," he said. Powell expressed far less concern about recent revelations that South Korea, a U.S. ally, has been secretly tinkering with the ingredients for atomic weapons. The South Korean government in September admitted it had failed to tell the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) about its experiments with bomb-usable materials including plutonium, sparking an investigation by the agency into possible violations of Seoul's nonproliferation commitments. Although the IAEA is not due to report its findings until Nov. 25, Powell, in an interview on Korean television, said the case was as good as closed. "I'm quite sure that the IAEA will see it as a minor problem with experimentation," he said, "and not anything for the international community to be worried about." Compared with its northern neighbor, South Korea certainly poses no threat to peace on the Korean Peninsula. But that doesn't mean the country is innocent of breaking its nuclear promises. Seoul signed the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty in 1975, agreeing not to pursue bomb-making technology and to submit to IAEA monitoring so that techniques and materials used in nuclear-power plants are not converted to military use. Seoul insists its scientists were not conducting weapons research and that it has fully disclosed its activities. But there is nagging evidence that the country has for decades periodically carried out clandestine experiments to gain know-how that would allow it to quickly develop atomic weapons, specifically through the production of plutonium and enrichment of uranium. (Much of the controversy surrounding Iran's nuclear program concerns efforts to enrich uranium.) Although those radioactive elements can be found in peaceful nuclear programs (with 19 reactors supplying 40% of its electricity, South Korea relies heavily on nuclear power), Seoul agreed not to produce either enriched uranium or plutonium without notifying the IAEA because the materials are essential to atom bombs. Now, the IAEA is trying to determine the truth. Among the incidents being investigated: • A 1982 experiment in which a minute quantity of plutonium was separated from uranium. IAEA inspectors first became suspicious in 1997 when a swab at a research reactor near Seoul picked up traces of plutonium that shouldn't have been there. For years, Seoul offered no explanation, saying the paperwork had been lost. Finally, in September, the president of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Chang In Soon, said the traces were residual material from a "one-off test" in which fuel was taken from a reactor and dissolved in chemicals, allowing the plutonium it contained to be extracted. A confidential Ministry of Science and Technology report obtained by TIME states that five fuel rods were involved and that testing took place over two months. More ominously, the test material was "depleted" uranium imported from the former West Germany in 1976. That was a red flag for the IAEA, because depleted uranium is no good for power-plant fuel and creates more plutonium when it decays than does ordinary uranium. When the agency found out, "it really got people bent out of shape," says Mark Hibbs, Asia and Europe editor at industry publication Nucleonics Week. "That made them very keen to explore more about it." • The IAEA is also investigating an experiment carried out in 2000 at a sophisticated lab on KAERI's sprawling campus south of Seoul. Earlier this year, after South Korea ratified a new protocol giving the IAEA broader inspection powers, Seoul told the agency that scientists at the institute had used lasers to enrich uranium. Uranium used in fuel rods is lightly enriched, usually less than 5%. During the 2000 experiment, however, researchers produced uranium that was 77% enriched, or nearly weapons grade. Seoul characterized the laser experiment as independent research carried out by curious scientists who then neglected to report it. But TIME has been told by two sources that one of the scientists involved in the 2000 experiment was Lee Jong Min, a vice president at KAERI at the time and one of the country's top laser experts. Lee's office did not respond to requests by TIME for comment. Standing beside Powell last week, Foreign Minister Ban Ki Moon insisted his government had nothing to hide. "We're handling this in a transparent manner," he said. Officials and lawmakers in Seoul are seething over the international scrutiny, saying their country is the victim of a double standard because their ancient rival Japan is allowed to enrich uranium and separate plutonium to run reactors. "Every nation that pursues the full use of nuclear technology inevitably gets close to weapons technology," says Kim Tae Woo, a nuclear analyst at the government-run Korea Institute for Defense Analyses. "So what is wrong with that?" The answer is easy. If a U.S. ally is allowed to get away with nuclear transgressions, there's every chance that Tehran and Pyongyang will scream bloody murder—and be less inclined to scale back their own plans. Seoul's murky nuclear history didn't seem to disturb Powell. That's a judgment he may yet come to regret. From the Nov. 08, 2004 issue of TIME Asia Magazine Copyright © 2004 Time Inc. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 10 Times of India: Nuclear Outlaws: Rogue States Make a Mockery of NPT TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 2004 [http://www.indiatimes.com] K SUBRAHMANYAM General Musharraf recently claimed that Pakistan was no more a rogue state in the eyes of the world. The world, according to him, was convinced that Pakistan was not instrumental in nuclear proliferation. In his Iftaar party speech on October 25, he said he had wisely handled the issue of A Q Khan and other scientists on the international stage. Within a few hours of this claim, the Washington Post of October 26, 2004 carried a well-researched front-page article by Barton Gellman and Dafna Linzer, on Pakistan's proliferation. The article makes a startling disclosure  that Dr A Q Khan's proliferation activities were perhaps not confined to North Korea, Libya and Iran. Dr Khan's documents overseas suggest that there was a fourth country to which Dr Khan might have arranged supplies of uranium enrichment equipment. A whole shipload of equipment was expected in Libya in addition to 500 tonnes earlier unloaded and surrendered to the US authorities. The ship did not arrive and was believed to have been diverted to another destination. The US and British intelligence authorities are as yet unable to identify the fourth country. But they suspect it to be Syria, Egypt, Sudan, Saudi Arabia or Kuwait, in that order of probability. Pakistan has denied western authorities and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) access to Dr A Q Khan. According to the authors of the article, while Pakistan supplies answers to written queries by the US and UK intelligence, its cooperation is less than wholehearted. Given the dismal record of western intelligence in tracking proliferation, it is difficult to accept their conclusions on the suspect fourth country. The most logical candidate is Saudi Arabia. It has already purchased long range CSS-2 nuclear-capable missiles from China. It is unlikely to tolerate a Shia, nuclear Iran without an appropriate response. The Saudis have financed Pakistan's nuclear programme. Prince Sultan was the only foreigner to be permitted to visit the nuclear facilities at Kahuta. When the NPT review conference is held next year, the nuclear member nations not recognised by NPT  Israel, India, Pakistan, North Korea, Iran and the unnamed nation  could well outnumber the five recognised members, namely, the US, Russia, Britain, France and China. Of the six outside the pale of NPT, North Korea, Iran and the unnamed nation deliberately violated the treaty, thanks to Pakistan. Israel, India and Pakistan are not signatories to the treaty. Strangely, the US and UK do not consider Pakistan as a proliferating country, even as they concentrate their ire on Iran and North Korea. Iran was subjected to WMD attacks by Saddam Hussein while the western powers looked the other way. Saddam's nuclear, chemical and biological weapon proliferation received tacit support from western companies. After this, Iran sought nuclear weapon technology from Pakistan in 1987, as was mentioned by Dr A Q Khan in his confession and confirmed by General Aslam Beg. Today, most observers agree there is no stopping North Korea and Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. Sanctions are unlikely to work against oil-rich Iran or the hermit country, North Korea. After the US experience in invasion of Iraq, military action against either country seems unlikely. It is obvious that the safeguards envisaged in the non-proliferation treaty have failed to stop members from defying the regime and acquiring nuclear weapons. Pakistan, the major proliferator, aided North Korea and Iran to turn nuclear, cocking a snook at the much-touted NPT and yet not attracting any penalties. This has only increased the risks of further proliferation. In view of this, the US and its allies have attempted to put in place new measures to halt proliferation, not envisaged in the NPT. They include criminalisation of proliferation, expediting US help to Russia under Nunn-Lugar amendment to safeguard fissile materials of the Cold War era, tightening supply of equipment and materials, strengthening the IAEA as a policing organisation, among others. Since these measures have been unilaterally mooted by the US and its allies, they have run into opposition, particularly from China, the original proliferator to Pakistan. It is now clear that a new regime is needed to prevent nuclear weapons and materials falling into the hands of non-state actors. The risks of jehadi non-state actors attempting to get at nuclear weapons and materials are higher in the Gulf region, which has seen 1,300 years of religious rivalry between Shias and Sunnis. With Shia power expanding in West Asia and Iraq coming under majority Shia control, tensions are likely to increase between majority Shia populations and Sunni-ruling elites in the Gulf states, including Saudi Arabia. If the fourth state to which Pakistan proliferated happens to be Saudi Arabia, then the world should worry about the possibility of nuclear escalation between Wahabi Saudi Arabia and its ally, jehadi Sunni Pakistan on one side, and the Shia Iran and Iraq on the other. The longest war with highest casualties in the developing world was waged between Shia Iran and Sunni-led Iraq, in which WMD was used. The international community should develop an effective anti-proliferation regime, keeping in mind the prevailing tensions in the Gulf, while ensuring that nuclear materials do not fall into the hands of non-state actors in this region. Copyright © 2004 Times Internet Limited. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 11 Moscow Times: Putin Eyes Nuclear Terrorism [http://www.context.themoscowtimes.com/index.html] Tuesday, November 2, 2004. Page 4. The Associated Press President Vladimir Putin on Monday pushed for passing a United Nations convention on combating nuclear terrorism, saying the document should help coordinate global efforts to prevent mass destruction weapons from falling into terrorists' hands. Putin voiced hope that the current session of the UN General Assembly would consider Russia's draft of the convention. "It must create conditions for averting any attempts by terrorists to get hold of nuclear weapons or any other nuclear materials," Putin said in a letter to Iranian President Mohammad Khatami, excerpts of which were released by the Kremlin. Since the Sept. 11 attacks, concerns have grown that terrorists might try to acquire material for a dirty bomb -- a device that uses conventional explosives to scatter low-level radioactive material over city blocks. It has no atomic chain reaction and requires no highly enriched uranium or plutonium which are kept under tight security and difficult to obtain. Instead, the radioactive component is of lower-grade isotopes, such as those used in medicine or research. The International Atomic Energy Agency estimates as many as 110 countries do not have adequate controls over radioactive devices that could be used to build a dirty bomb. Copyright © 2004 The Moscow Times. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 12 The Herald: Nuclear industry urged to come clean over leaks Web Issue 2126 November 01 2004 Herald [http://www.sundayherald.com/] STEPHEN STEWART CAMPAIGNERS yesterday called for the "shroud of secrecy" surrounding the nuclear power industry to be lifted after it emerged that a huge area of land had been contaminated around a Scottish site. An estimated 81,000 cubic metres of soil has been affected at the Hunterston A power station in North Ayrshire, and British Nuclear Fuels (BNFL), which manages the site, said it was unaware of the full extent of contamination. The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority, a government body that oversees the clean-up of nuclear installations, found levels of contamination were the result of historic leaks. Duncan McLaren, chief executive of Friends of the Earth, said people living and working in and around nuclear facilities had to be reassured they had not been exposed to radioactive contamination. He said: "Despite decades of support and billions of pounds in public subsidy, nuclear power remains an uneconomic, unsafe and unwanted energy technology." Chris Ballance, Green MSP for the South of Scotland, said it had now been accepted by scientists that there was no safe level of radiation. He said: "The public must be told when accidents happen, when leaks occur. The shroud of secrecy which surrounds the nuclear industry must be lifted. "Let us be clear, Scotland neither wants nor needs nuclear power. There is no such thing as a safe level of radiation." But a spokesman for BNFL said radiation levels were well within safety limits at the station, which is being decommissioned. "We do not know the extent of the contamination, but the figure of 81,000 cubic metres has been put in as an over-estimate," he said, adding: "This site is no different to any other industrial or chemical site where there is some cleaning up to do. There has not been any danger." Brian Wilson, former energy minister, said campaigners were spreading scare stories and claimed the issue had been well known for some time. Mr Wilson, MP for Cunninghame North, which includes Hunterston, dismissed those who had expressed the latest concerns, including environmental campaign group Greenpeace and Mr Ballance, as the "usual bunch of anti-nuclear activists who rely on scare stories to prop up their cause". Jim Craik, site manager at Hunterston A, attempting to reassure people living nearby, said: "We have an area of contaminated land which is quite substantial, much more substantial than we would like. "During the 1970s when it was identified, it was brought to the attention of the regulators and they were satisfied that the actions we were taking were appropriate." Copyright © Newsquest (Herald & Times) Limited. All Rights [http://www.pressnow.co.uk/] :: About Us :: Terms of Use ***************************************************************** 13 Platts: Markey wants NRC to suspend `non-essential' proceedings [The McGraw-Hill Companies] + Rep. Edward Markey wants NRC to suspend all "non-essential" proceedings until the agency reinstates its online document system, Adams. In a letter sent today to NRC Chairman Nils Diaz, Markey (D-Mass.) said he supported the agency's effort to pull documents containing sensitive information from the public site. But he said the way NRC approached the review is penalizing members of the public who need access to materials to prepare for hearings or a challenge to a licensing request. Markey questioned why it has taken more than three years since the 2001 terrorist attacks to search through the records, and he criticized NRC for failing to "strike a balance" between security and public access considerations. He asked NRC for a response by Nov. 19. Washington (Platts)--29Oct2004 Copyright © 2004 - Platts, All Rights Reserved [The McGraw-Hill Companies] ***************************************************************** 14 Mid Day: Tarapur N-plant to run for another 30 yrs bigbreak.mid-day.com] By: Ram Parmar November 1, 2004 Palghar: The country’s first nuclear power plant, the Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS), will not be scrapped even after it has completed 35 years of existence. The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) and the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited have given positive signals for continuing the plant, said S C Katiyar, station director, TAPS. The world over, nuke plants are either dismantled or scrapped after 25 to 30 years of their peak productivity. But since the 2x160 MWe TAPS, which uses the obsolete Boiling Water Reactor technology, will be upgraded in 2005, the lifespan of the plant will be extended by another 30 years. Katiyar admitted that there was a problem of enriched uranium fuel supply, which is imported from France, China and other nations, but added that TAPS has a buffer stock of fuel to last till 2007. The original American designers were supposed to lift the spent fuel after 25 years, but did not do so because of fragile Indo-US political situation then. The spent fuel was, therefore, stored at TAPS. The DAE and the Atomic Energy Research Board scientists have now developed a new technology of re-processing the spent uranium into Multiple Oxide (MOX) fuel. The TAPS plants will be undertaking a refuelling process, where the entire plant will be shut for a minimum of 20 days when, formerly, it used to be shut for three months. The plant may add 4,500 MWe to the national grid by 2007. Currently, 14 nuke plants are in operation, generating a mere 2,800 MWe. Eight new nuclear reactors are in various stages of completion in Kaiga (Karnataka), Kundakulam (Tamil Nadu), Rawatbhatta (Rajasthan) and Tarapur. TAPS supplies power at a low tariff of Rs 1.10 per unit to the Maharashtra State Electricity Board which powers parts of Mumbai and other major cities of the state. mid-day.com finds out © 2004 Mid-Day Multimedia Ltd. [http://www.middaymultimedia.com/] All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 15 SF Chronicle: Big Science with tiny particles hits a snag / PG opposes UC proposal to study neutrinos at nuclear plant [http://www.sfgate.com/index/] ] Glen Martin, Chronicle Environment Writer [glenmartin@sfchronicle.com] Monday, November 1, 2004 Pacific Gas and Electric Co. and University of California physicists are in a big spat over a proposed Big Science project at the utility's Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant in San Luis Obispo County. UC Berkeley scientists say the plant is uniquely suited for ambitious neutrino experiments that could yield information about the fundamental fabric of the universe. It's the kind of bold project, say boosters, that leads to Nobel Prizes and technological breakthroughs. The scientists want to use Diablo's nuclear reactor to measure the strange way neutrinos -- subatomic particles emitted by stars and nuclear piles -- "oscillate" between different mass states. At one time, neutrinos were thought to be massless. It is now known they do have mass, but not in the sense that a kilogram of shrimp weighs 2.2 pounds. Because they are so infinitesimally small, neutrinos exist in the quantum realm, where rules governing the macro-universe -- the known world of Buicks and bread boxes -- break down. A neutrino's mass -- unlike the mass of a larger object -- is not stable, but exists in a state of probability. "Say you had some in a box, and you pulled one out and weighed it and it weighed m-1," said Stuart Freedman, a professor of physics at UC Berkeley and a faculty senior adviser at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. "Then you pulled out an identical one, and it weighed m-2," continued Freedman. "It isn't a situation where a neutrino is m-1 or m-2 -- it's a situation where the neutrino is 50 percent one mass and 50 percent another. This seems surprising, but it's perfectly natural in quantum mechanics." Neutrinos manifest three different "flavors," or states of indefinite mass -- electron neutrinos, muon neutrinos and tau neutrinos. Scientists hope the parameters that control the oscillation of neutrinos from one flavor to another can explain a very big conundrum: Why is the universe that expanded from the Big Bang mostly matter, rather than the 50 percent matter and 50 percent antimatter that it should be under currently accepted doctrine? If one of these parameters -- dubbed theta 13 -- has a value other than zero, said Freedman, it would largely explain the matter/antimatter anomaly. But how to evaluate theta 13? That's where Diablo Canyon comes in. The site, in essence, consists of a big nuclear reactor next to some mountains. Nuclear reactors produce large quantities of antielectron neutrinos, a variety that is particularly easy to detect. In conjunction with researchers at California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, UC scientists want to dig a 20-foot wide, 1.5- to 2-mile long tunnel through the mountains behind the reactor, lay some railroad track inside the bore and install two detectors -- each a big vat filled with 1,000 tons of mineral oil -- on the rails. The antielectron neutrinos will collide with protons in hydrogen atoms in the oil, changing them to positrons and neutrons. That will result in characteristic energy bursts that will be recorded by photo detectors. By analyzing the flux of neutrinos between the two vats, researchers should be able to calculate the value of theta 13. It is necessary to shield the detectors with the mountain, because cosmic rays from outer space can botch the results. That's why the experiment must be carried out at Diablo Canyon, say scientists -- no other reactor in the United States has such a convenient topography. While this will be Big Science, it will also be slow science. Though a reactor spews out mind-numbing quantities of harmless neutrinos, collisions with protons are rare. In a similar experiment in Japan, the average was about one hit every three days. The experiment, then, will consist of the big vats of mineral oil sitting quietly under a mountain for six or seven years while results are recorded and transmitted to laboratories automatically. That makes for a benign project, said Freedman -- and one that will produce huge payoffs with few, if any, downsides. PG seemed to agree with the physicists when the idea was broached last year. "We were talking to them, working in partnership with Cal Poly, and things seemed to be going pretty smoothly," said Freedman. "Then (in September), they abruptly got negative." That has since led Freedman's group to initiate negotiations with the managers of the Daya Bay nuclear complex in China, about 25 miles from Hong Kong. "It's close to the mountains, so it's also suitable," Freedman said. "They've also been much more responsive to the idea than PG." Still, said Freedman, "Diablo is an ideal site, and it'd be wonderful to do this work in the United States. If we built this project here, the entire international community (involved in neutrino work) would coalesce around it." Jeff Lewis, a spokesman for PG, said the company did not dismiss the proposal lightly. "A lot of the (staff) scientists at Diablo were very interested in this project, would have liked to have seen it happen here," Lewis said. "But several things are working against it -- timing being one of them." Lewis said the utility is now involved in two major projects at Diablo -- creating a storage site for spent fuel rods and replacing the plant's steam generator. "Those projects are going to occupy us for the rest of this decade, and they're going to require movement and access through a very constricted part of the property -- the same part where the neutrino experiment would be located," Lewis said. Plant security is another concern, Lewis said. "Federal security requirements are changing by leaps and bounds," he said. "We don't know what they're going to be one month from the next. So there's the risk they could start (the experiment) but not finish it. Or what happens if we go back to Orange Security Threat Level? Whenever that happens, no one but plant employees could go back there." Some environmentalists also are chary of the proposal. "These mountains are a particularly beautiful part of the county, and a lot of effort has already been expended by the Nature Conservancy and the San Luis Obispo Land Conservancy to buy and conserve them," said Gordon Hensley, the executive director of Environment in the Public Interest and San Luis Obispo Coastkeeper. "The last thing we need is another major construction project on this part of the coast," Hensley said. "There has been no discussion of environmental impacts or alternatives." Hensley noted funding has not yet been secured for the project. "UC Berkeley really hasn't done a good job of selling this," he said. "The real story is that a lot of people are competing to do this kind of cutting-edge research. I know the University of Washington wants to do something similar. This is about a race for grant money." But Anthony Buffa, a professor of physics at Cal Poly, said San Luis Obispo would do well to win any such competition. "This is going to be the only big global physics experiment scheduled in the next decade, and it will either be done here or in China," Buffa said. "The prestige of the U.S. is on the line." The experiment also means a great deal locally, said Buffa. "It will enhance the reputation of Cal Poly, and it will bring $25 million or more directly to the county in construction jobs," he said. Buffa scoffed at PG's objections. "First they said (the issues) were environmental, then security, and then when they realized neither were valid, it was all about their upcoming fuel rod and steam generator projects," Buffa said. "But we wouldn't be a problem, and they know it. They're an elephant, we're an ant. When the elephant moves, the ant waits and only continues when the elephant is out of the way." E-mail Glen Martin at glenmartin@sfchronicle.com [glenmartin@sfchronicle.com] . Page A - 4 The San Francisco Chronicle] ***************************************************************** 16 Sify: REL keen to enter nuclear power market Asian CERC Monday, 01 November , 2004, 15:58 Mumbai: To fulfill the base load requirements of the country, Reliance Energy Ltd (REL) is looking at the possibility of setting up nuclear power stations. However, this requires a lot of support from the government and perhaps for the first time in the country any private company will be entering the nuclear power market. "It will be necessary to have technical support from the department of atomic energy and NPCIL", a source said. As soon as the amended Atomic Energy Act on private participation in the nuclear energy production in the country gets Parliament clearance, Reliance Energy will be the first company to come forward to set up nuclear power plants. The idea is to meet the high-energy demand of the country in view of depletion of fossil fuel in the coming years. For the country's expected demand of 600-700 gig watts of electricity by '50, the new resources should be looked into without any delay. Other renewable sources that Reliance Energy is working on are wind and solar energy, mainly to cater to the requirements of isolated places where there is no connection from the main grid. Sify Finance Update sify.com © Copyright Sify Ltd, 1998-2004. All rights reserved. Sify.comhosted at SifyHosting India's first Level 3 Internet ***************************************************************** 17 NRC: Tennessee Valley Authority; Notice of Withdrawal of Application FR Doc 04-24303 [Federal Register: November 1, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 210)] [Notices] [Page 63410] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr01no04-105] for Amendment to Facility Operating License The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (the Commission) has granted the request of Tennessee Valley Authority (the licensee) to withdraw its March 10, 2004, application for proposed amendment to Facility Operating License No. NPF-90 for the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Unit 1, located in Rhea County, Tennessee. The proposed amendment would have revised the allowable value as shown in Technical Specification table 3.3.8-1, ``Auxilary Building Gas Treatment System (ABGTS) Actuation Instrumentation,'' for the Spent Fuel Pool radiation monitors. The Commission had previously issued a Notice of Consideration of Issuance of Amendment published in the Federal Register on March 30, 2004 (69 FR 16624). However, by letter dated September 24, 2004, the licensee withdrew the proposed change. For further details with respect to this action, see the application for amendment dated March 10, 2004, and the licensee's letter dated September 24, 2004, which withdrew the application for license amendment. Documents may be examined, and/or copied for a fee, at the NRC's Public Document Room (PDR), located at One White Flint North, Public File Area O-1F21, 11555 Rockville Pike (first floor), Rockville, Maryland. Publicly available records will be accessible electronically from the Agencywide Documents Access and Management Systems (ADAMS) Public Electronic Reading Room on the Internet at the NRC Web site, http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams/html [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams/html] . Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC PDR Reference staff by telephone at 1-800-397-4209, or 301-415-4737 or by e-mail to pdr@nrc.gov [ pdr@nrc.gov] . Dated in Rockville, Maryland, this 14th day of October 2004. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Robert J. Pascarelli, Project Manager, Section 2, Project Directorate II, Division of Licensing Project Management, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. [FR Doc. 04-24303 Filed 10-29-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 18 NRC: Solicitation of Public Comments on the Implementation of the FR Doc 04-24304 [Federal Register: November 1, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 210)] [Notices] [Page 63411-63413] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr01no04-107] Reactor Oversight Process AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Request for public comment. SUMMARY: Nearly 5 years have elapsed since the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) implemented its revised Reactor Oversight Process (ROP). The NRC is currently soliciting comments from members of the public, licensees, and interest groups related to the implementation of the ROP. This solicitation will provide insights into the self- assessment process and a summary of the feedback will be included in the annual ROP self-assessment report to the Commission. DATES: The comment period expires on December 16, 2004. The NRC will consider comments received after this date if it is practical to do so, but is only able to ensure consideration of comments received on or before this date. ADDRESSES: Completed questionnaires and/or comments may be e-mailed to nrcrep@nrc.gov [ nrcrep@nrc.gov] or sent to Michael T. Lesar, Chief, Rules and Directives Branch, Office of Administration (Mail Stop T-6D59), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001. Comments may also be hand-delivered to Mr. Lesar at 11554 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland, between 7:30 a.m. and 4:15 p.m. on Federal workdays. Documents created or received at the NRC after November 1, 1999, are [[Page 63412]] available electronically through the NRC's Public Electronic Reading Room on the Internet at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm.html [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm.html] . From this site, the public can access the NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS), which provides text and image files of the NRC's public documents. For more information, contact the NRC's Public Document Room (PDR) reference staff at 301-415-4737 or 800-397-4209, or by e-mail at pdr@nrc.gov [pdr@nrc.gov] . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Serita Sanders, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation (Mail Stop: OWFN 7A15), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington DC 20555-0001. Ms. Sanders can also be reached by telephone at 301-415-2956 or by e-mail at SXS5@nrc.gov [SXS5@nrc.gov] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Program Overview The mission of the NRC is to regulate the civilian uses of nuclear materials in the United States to protect the health and safety of the public and the environment, and to promote the common defense and security by preventing the proliferation of nuclear material. This mission is accomplished through the following activities: License nuclear facilities and the possession, use, and disposal of nuclear materials. Develop and implement requirements governing licensed activities. Inspect and enforce licensee activities to ensure compliance with these requirements and the law. While the NRC's responsibility is to monitor and regulate licensees' performance, the primary responsibility for safe operation and handling of nuclear materials rests with each licensee. As the nuclear industry in the United States has matured for more than 27 years, the NRC and its licensees have learned much about how to safely operate nuclear facilities and handle nuclear materials. In April 2000, the NRC began to implement more effective and efficient inspection, assessment, and enforcement approaches, which apply insights from these years of regulatory oversight and nuclear facility operation. Key elements of the Reactor Oversight Process (ROP) include NRC inspection procedures, plant performance indicators, a significance determination process, and an assessment program that incorporates various risk-informed thresholds to help determine the level of NRC oversight and enforcement. Since ROP development began in 1998, the NRC has frequently communicated with the public by various initiatives: conducting public meetings in the vicinity of each licensed commercial nuclear power plant, issuing FRNs soliciting feedback on the ROP, publishing press releases about the new process, conducting multiple public workshops, placing pertinent background information in the NRC's Public Document Room, and establishing an NRC Web site containing easily accessible information about the ROP and licensee performance. NRC Public Stakeholder Comments The NRC continues to be interested in receiving feedback from members of the public, various public stakeholders, and industry groups on their insights regarding the CY 2004 implementation of the ROP. In particular, the NRC is seeking responses to the questions listed below, which will provide important information that the NRC can use in ongoing program improvement. A summary of the feedback obtained will be provided to the Commission and included in the annual ROP self- assessment report. This solicitation of public comments has been issued each year since ROP implementation in 2000. In previous years, the question had been free-form in nature requesting written responses. Although written responses are still encouraged, we have added specific choices to best describe your experience to enable us to more objectively determine your level of satisfaction. In addition, we are asking for feedback under distinct time frames to enable us to trend your level of satisfaction: During the initial year of ROP implementation (2000), and current ROP implementation. In future years, we will ask for feedback only for current ROP implementation. Questions As previously discussed, we are asking for feedback under distinct time frames to enable us to trend your level of satisfaction. The questionnaire has been modified to benchmark the results. In responding to these questions, please consider your experiences using the NRC oversight process during initial implementation (first year of ROP) and current ROP implementation. Shade in the circle that most applies to your experiences as follows: (1) Very much (2) somewhat (3) neutral (4) somewhat less than needed (5) far less than needed If there are experiences that are rated as unsatisfied, or if you have specific thoughts or concerns, please elaborate in the ``Comments'' section that follows the question and offer your opinion for possible improvements. If there are experiences or opinions that you would like to express that cannot be directly captured by the questions, document that in question number 20. Questions Related to Specific ROP Program Areas (As appropriate, please provide specific examples and suggestions for improvement.) (1) Does the Performance Indicator Program promote plant safety? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (2) Does appropriate overlap exist between the Performance Indicator Program and the Inspection Program? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (3) Is the reporting of PI data efficient? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (4) Does NEI 99-02, ``Regulatory Assessment Performance Indicator Guideline'' provide clear guidance regarding Performance Indicators? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (5) Is the information in the inspection reports useful to you? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (6) Does the Significance Determination Process yield equivalent results for issues of similar significance in all ROP cornerstones? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (7) Does the NRC take appropriate actions to address performance issues for those licensees outside of the Licensee Response Column of the Action Matrix? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (8) Is the information contained in assessment reports relevant, useful, and written in plain English? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] [[Page 63413]] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: Questions related to the efficacy of the overall Reactor Oversight Process (ROP) (As appropriate, please provide specific examples and suggestions for improvement.) (9) Are the ROP oversight activities predictable (i.e., controlled by the process) and reasonably objective (i.e., based on supported facts, rather than relying on subjective judgement)? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (10) Is the ROP risk-informed, in that the NRC's actions are graduated on the basis of increased significance? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (11) Is the ROP understandable and are the processes, procedures and products clear and written in plain English? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (12) Does the ROP provide adequate regulatory assurance when combined with other NRC regulatory processes that plants are being operated and maintained safely? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (13) Does the ROP improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and realism of the regulatory process? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (14) Does the ROP ensure openness in the regulatory process? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (15) Has the public been afforded adequate opportunity to participate in the ROP and to provide inputs and comments? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (16) Has the NRC been responsive to public inputs and comments on the ROP? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (17) Has the NRC implemented the ROP as defined by program documents? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (18) Does the ROP reduce unnecessary regulatory burden on licensees? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (19) Does the ROP minimize unintended consequences? 1 2 3 4 5 Initial ROP Implementation............................... [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Current ROP.............................................. [ [ [ [ [ a a a a a l l l l l l l l l l ] ] ] ] ] Comments: (20) Please provide any additional information or comments related to the Reactor Oversight Process. Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 25th day of October 2004. For the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission . Stuart A. Richards, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, Division of Inspection Program Management, Inspection Program Branch. [FR Doc. 04-24304 Filed 10-29-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 19 NRC: Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment and Finding FR Doc 04-24305 [Federal Register: November 1, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 210)] [Notices] [Page 63411] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr01no04-106] [[Page 63411]] of No Significant Impact for License Termination for ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company's Facility in Annandale, NJ AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Notice of Availability. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kathy Modes, Materials Security & Industrial Branch , Division of Nuclear Materials Safety, Region I, 475 Allendale Road, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, telephone (610) 337-5251, fax (610) 337-5269; or by e-mail: kad@nrc.gov [kad@nrc.gov] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Introduction The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is terminating Materials License No. 29-05260-13 issued to ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, and authorizing release of its facility in Annandale, New Jersey for unrestricted use. NRC has prepared an Environmental Assessment (EA) in support of this action in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR Part 51. Based on the EA, the NRC has concluded that a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) is appropriate. The license will be terminated following the publication of this Notice. II. EA Summary The purpose of the action is to authorize the release of the licensee's Annandale, New Jersey facility for unrestricted use. ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company (ExxonMobil) has been authorized by NRC since June 30, 1986, to use radioactive materials for research and development purposes at the Annandale, New Jersey site. On December 18, 2003, ExxonMobil requested that NRC release the facility for unrestricted use. ExxonMobil has conducted surveys of the facility and provided information to the NRC to demonstrate that the site meets the license termination criteria in Subpart E of 10 CFR Part 20 for unrestricted release. NRC staff has prepared an EA in support of the license amendment. The facility was remediated and surveyed prior to the licensee requesting the license amendment. The NRC staff has reviewed the information and final status survey submitted by ExxonMobil. Based on the reviews, the staff has determined that there are no additional remediation activities necessary to complete the proposed action. Therefore, the staff considered the impact of the residual radioactivity at the facility and concluded that since the residual radioactivity meets the requirements in Subpart E of 10 CFR Part 20, a Finding of No Significant Impact is appropriate. III. Finding of No Significant Impact The staff has prepared the EA (summarized above) in support of the termination of the license and release of the facility for unrestricted use. The NRC staff has evaluated ExxonMobil's request and the results of the surveys and has concluded that the completed action complies with the criteria in Subpart E of 10 CFR Part 20. The staff has found that the environmental impacts from the action are bounded by the impacts evaluated by NUREG-1496, Volumes 1-3, ``Generic Environmental Impact Statement in Support of Rulemaking on Radiological Criteria for License Termination of NRC-Licensed Facilities'' (ML042310492, ML042320379, and ML042330385). On the basis of the EA, the NRC has concluded that the environmental impacts from the action are expected to be insignificant and has determined not to prepare an environmental impact statement for the action. IV. Further Information Documents related to this action, including the application for the license amendment and supporting documentation, are available electronically at the NRC's Electronic Reading Room at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html] . From this site, you can access the NRC's Agencywide Document Access and Management System (ADAMS), which provides text and image files of NRC's public documents. The ADAMS accession numbers for the documents related to this Notice are: The Environmental Assessment (ML042930009), Letter dated December 17, 2003, requesting termination of the license (ML040130270), letter dated August 12, 2004, providing additional information (ML042380119), and letter dated August 31, 2004, providing additional information (ML042510189). Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC PDR Reference staff by telephone at (800) 397-4209 or (301) 415-4737, or by e-mail to pdr@nrc.gov [pdr@nrc.gov] . These documents may be viewed electronically at the NRC Public Document Room (PDR), O 1 F21, One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD, 20852. The PDR reproduction contractor will copy documents for a fee. The PDR is open from 7:45 a.m. to 4:15 p.m., Monday through Friday, except on Federal holidays. Dated at King of Prussia, Pennsylvania this 25th day of October, 2004. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. John D. Kinneman, Chief, Materials Security & Industrial Branch, Division of Nuclear Materials Safety Region I. [FR Doc. 04-24305 Filed 10-29-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 20 [NukeNet] : [NYTr] A Global Pact Against Depleted Uranium Date: Mon, 01 Nov 2004 18:33:59 -0800 Francis A. Boyle Law Building 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave. Champaign, IL 61820 USA 217-333-7954 (voice) 217-244-1478 (fax) fboyle@law.uiuc.edu (personal comments only) -----Original Message----- From: nytr@olm.blythe-systems.com [mailto:nytr@olm.blythe-systems.com] Sent: Thursday, September 23, 2004 4:45 PM To: undisclosed-recipients Subject: [NYTr] A Global Pact Against Depleted Uranium Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit sent by Francis A. Boyle - Sept 23, 2004 His Excellency Michel Barnier Foreign Minister French Republic 37, Quai d'Orsay 75351 Paris FRANCE FAX: 33-1-43-17-4275 Dear Excellency: The Republic of Freedonia presents its compliments to the French Republic. I have the honor to draw to your attention the Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare of 17 June 1925, for which the Government of the French Republic serves as the depositary. The Geneva Protocol of 1925 prohibits the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases, and of all analogous liquids materials or devices, as well as the use of bacteriological methods of warfare. Freedonia believes that the Geneva Protocol of 1925 already prohibits the use in war of depleted uranium, uranium ammunition, uranium armor-plate and all other uranium weapons. Freedonia respectfully requests your Excellency to circulate this communication to the other High Contacting Parties to the Geneva Protocol of 1925. Please accept, Excellency, the assurance of our highest consideration. Francis A. Boyle Foreign Minister Republic of Freedonia 21 September 2004 [you just need to get every Foreign Minister in the world to do the same. -FAB] * Search the NYTr Archives at: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ To subscribe or unsubscribe or change your settings via the web, visit: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail: nyt@blythe.org ================================================================= _______________________________________________________________________ Subscribe/Unsubscribe Here: http://www.energyjustice.net/nukenet/ Change your settings at: http://energyjustice.net/mailman/listinfo/nukenet_energyjustice.net ***************************************************************** 21 [NYTr] Boyle: Elite Law Schools and War Crimes Date: Mon, 1 Nov 2004 11:13:37 -0600 (CST) Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit sent by Francis Boyle - Nov 1, 2004 War Crimes and Elite versus Non-Elite US Law Schools The Faculties at such "elite" law schools as Harvard, Yale, Chicago and Berkeley have made it perfectly clear to the legal community that they are fully prepared to hire war criminals, warmongers and torturers to their Faculties, and that they will then train their students to become war criminals, warmongers, and torturers.. This is an appalling situation. These so-called elite Law School Faculties are not fit to educate students. These so-called elite Law School Faculties believe that they are above the Law. The sheer arrogance of these so-called elite Law School Faculties knows no bounds. We should all recall how Muhamed Ali and other Black leaders educated us all to understand the racist nature of the Vietnam War. Well Whitey is at it again. This time Whitey is exterminating Brown people in Iraq in order to steal their oil. The Lancet study just estimated that Whitey has exterminated over 100,000 Brown People since the start of this racist and genocidal war in 2003. If you have a look at my book Destroying World Order (Clarity Press: 2004), you can see that the figures for Whitey exterminating Brown people for oil in Iraq since the Bush Sr. War against Iraq in 1991 is approaching about 2 million Iraqis. Speaking of Vietnam, in December of 1964, Johnson had 140,000 troops in that country, which is about what we have in Iraq right now. No matter who wins on Nov. 2, Whitey's racist and genocidal war for oil in Iraq and elsewhere will go on for a long time. If Bush Jr wins, it is going to get a lot worse. We are in for a long struggle. Like Vietnam, this war will divert time, energy and resources from the domestic agendas that we all share in common to make America a much better place for Peoples of all Colors and Classes. The war will make that impossible. Indeed, one of the primary objectives of this war is to make that goal impossible. For that reason, we non-elite Law School Faculties have to make it very clear to the legal community that for the duration of this war, we are not going to hire or train war criminals, warmongers and torturers. This is not some academic game where "collegiality" counts. In addition to the dead Iraqis, now over 1100 U.S. soldiers have been needlessly and senselessly killed. And racist, warmongering, war criminal law professors at Harvard, Yale, Chicago, Berkeley, Fletcher, Woodrow Wilson and Nitze/Sais , inter alia, are personally responsible for their deaths. These 1100 dead U.S. soldiers were our sons and our daughters, our brothers and our sisters, our mothers and our fathers. At least we owe it to them to affirmatively reject hiring racist war criminals, warmongers and torturers to our Faculties. And we also need to make it clear to prospective law students that we are not going to train them to become racist war criminals, warmongers and torturers--in contrast to the elite schools such Harvard, Yale, Chicago, Berkeley, Fletcher, Woodrow Wilson, Nitze/Sais where they will be trained to become racist war criminals, warmongers and torturers. The Nazis had their law professors too. Francis A. Boyle Law Building 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave. Champaign, Ill. 61820 USA * Search the NYTr Archives at: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/pipermail/nytr/ To subscribe or unsubscribe or change your settings via the web, visit: http://olm.blythe-systems.com/mailman/listinfo/nytr ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail: nyt@blythe.org ================================================================= ***************************************************************** 22 Bellona: Ladoga radioactive pollution feared Activists of Karelia's association of environmentalists have expressed concern that an ongoing exploration project at the uranium deposit outside the village of Karkhu may cause radioactive pollution in Lake Ladoga, Interfax reported. 2004-11-01 20:35 "Our information suggests that exploration efforts are in their final sages at an uranium deposit near the village of Karkhu in Karelia's Piktyarantsk district," association co-ordinator Dmitry Rybakov told Interfax. The average depth of the uranium deposit there is 150-300 meters, the association said. The locals said many of the boreholes are abandoned and not preserved in a proper way. “The gelogists conduct exploration breaching all the regulations” Rybakov said to Interfax on October 15. Publisher: Bellona Foundation [bellona@bellona.no] , President: Frederic Hauge [frederic@bellona.no] Information: info@bellona.no [info@bellona.no] , Technical contact: webmaster@bellona.no [webmaster@bellona.no] Telephone: +47 23 23 46 00 Telefax: +47 22 38 38 62 * P.O.Box 2141 Grunerlokka, 0505 Oslo, Norway ***************************************************************** 23 DOL: Energy Employees Compensation Program Home Page U.S. Department of Labor Employment Standards Administration [Photos representing the workforce - Digital Imagery© copyright 2001 PhotoDisc, Inc.] Office of Workers' Compensation Programs www.dol.gov/esa [ ] Search / A-Z Index November 1, 2004 DOL Home > ESA > OWCP > EEOICP Home Page The mission of the EEOICP is to deliver benefits to eligible employees and former employees of the Department of Energy, its contractors and subcontractors or to certain survivors of such individuals, as provided in the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act. The mission also includes delivering benefits to certain beneficiaries of Section five of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act. + Secretary's Welcome + What Our Program Does + The Law and Regulations + Contact Information + Program Information + Other Important Links EEOICP News APPLY FOR COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS ON-LINE As of October 21, 2003, the Division of Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation (DEEOIC) began accepting the following claim forms electronically: Claim for Benefits under Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EE-1), Claim for Survivor Benefits under Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EE-2), Employment History under Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EE-3) and Employment History Affidavit for Claim under Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EE-4). Claimants or affiants can complete forms through the DEEOIC web site and then either mail them or – NOW! - electronically submit them directly to the DEEOIC. Click here for more information and to get started. This website last updated on October 25, 2004 [http://www.dol.gov/] U.S. Department of Labor Frances Perkins Building 200 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20210 [Phone Numbers] 1-866-4-USA-DOL TTY: 1-877-889-5627 [http://www.dol.gov/dol/contact/index.htm] ***************************************************************** 24 deseret news: Easy mark for terrorists [http://deseretnews.com/dn/edt] Monday, November 1, 2004 There are 44,000 tons of the highest level of nuclear waste just waiting to come to the Goshute Indian Reservation here in Utah. Sue Martin, spokesperson for PFS, says they will be ready by 2005 to begin taking 4,000 casks of the deadliest substance on the face of the earth. It will be stored in the open on a concrete pad, like giant bowling pins — 4,000 dirty bombs with a half-life of 10,000 years. Could the terrorists capitalize? Are you kidding? They're licking their chops. Will our government protect us? They can't even prevent terrorist attacks in Baghdad's Green Zone. Gene Faux Springville © 2004 Deseret News Publishing Company ***************************************************************** 25 Las Vegas RJ: Editorial boards split on election Monday, November 01, 2004 Nevada newspaper endorsements reflect closeness of race By SEAN WHALEY REVIEW-JOURNAL CAPITAL BUREAU CARSON CITY -- So who are you going to vote for, George Bush or John Kerry? Would-be voters who look to the state's newspaper endorsements to help decide who to pick in the presidential election might end up more confused than enlightened. Just as the race between Bush and Kerry has divided the nation, it has divided newspaper editorial boards as well. Two newspapers, the Las Vegas Review-Journal and the Elko Daily Free Press, endorsed President Bush for a second term. Three others -- the Reno Gazette-Journal, the Las Vegas Sun and the Nevada Appeal of Carson City -- endorsed Kerry. And editorial writers at the Reno and Carson City newspapers said the decision to go with Kerry over Bush was close. "It was really a close call by the (editorial) board," said Steve Falcone, opinion editor for the Reno Gazette-Journal. "To a large extent, it was the need for change, the thought that Kerry better reflects the country's values." But Falcone, who said the board this year included three citizens in the endorsement process, said he did not know what the result would be until the vote was cast. The close vote seems to mirror the views of the public, he said. "I have not seen this kind of split before in this state," Falcone said. "The two sides are so far apart. There is little room for listening to the other point of view." Barry Smith, editor of the Nevada Appeal, said the vote for Kerry by the newspaper's board was close as well. "I think the bottom line for us was Yucca Mountain," he said of the proposed nuclear waste repository, 100 miles northwest of Las Vegas. "There were strong opinions on both sides on the major issues of the war in Iraq and domestic policy. But we were unanimous that we agreed with Kerry's stance on Yucca Mountain." Kerry, in a speech Friday in Reno, said a nuclear waste repository would not be built at Yucca Mountain if he is elected president. Bush has allowed the process of licensing the site for a repository to go forward as president. Rhonda Zuraff, publisher of the Elko Daily Free Press, said the decision to go with Bush was not difficult. "We have a real strong sense of the strength of his leadership, his consistent message and his common sense approach to managing natural resources," she said. John Kerr, editorial page editor for the Review-Journal, also said the decision to support Bush's re-election was not close. "We have generally favored the Republican-oriented market economic policy for more than a decade here," he said. "We felt he was a more resolute commander-in-chief on the war on terror," Kerr said. Las Vegas Sun Editorial Page Editor Mike Campbell offered no comment on the editorial, saying the newspaper's endorsement of Kerry speaks for itself. Erik Herzik, a political science professor and interim dean of the College of Liberal Arts at the University of Nevada, Reno, said newspaper endorsements are just one piece of information voters use in their decision-making process. "We don't really know what effect newspaper endorsements have," he said. "In past elections, the individual who has gotten the endorsement from most newspapers often has not won." Herzik said he would take all the newspaper endorsements he could get as a candidate, but that their real impact is hard to gauge. "People are not blank slates, waiting to be told how to vote," he said. "They filter the information through their own biases and perceptions." Nationwide, Kerry is leading in newspaper endorsements, according to a tally by Editor &Publisher, a newspaper industry magazine. So far, 125 newspapers have endorsed Kerry -- including at least 35 that had endorsed Bush in 2000 -- versus 96 for Bush. Nevada's largest daily newspapers were more in sync in their endorsements in the major statewide races. Four newspapers endorsed Sen. Harry Reid, D-Nev., for another term. The Elko paper did not endorse in the race. The three largest papers also agreed on the choices for the Supreme Court: Jim Hardesty, Ron Parraguirre and Michael Douglas. The Appeal did not endorse, and the Elko paper chose Hardesty, John Mason over Parraguirre, and Joel Hansen over Douglas. Four of the five papers also endorsed Rep. Jim Gibbons, R-Nev., for another term in Congress in District 2. The Elko paper has not endorsed, but would pick Gibbons if it does so, Zuraff said. The two Southern Nevada newspapers both endorsed Rep. Shelley Berkley, D-Nev., for another term in Congress in District 1. The papers split on District 3, with the Review-Journal endorsing Rep. Jon Porter, R-Nev., for another term and the Sun endorsing his Democratic challenger, Tom Gallagher. The Associated Press contributed to this report. Copyright Las Vegas Review-Journal ***************************************************************** 26 Las Vegas SUN: Clinton: Nevada 'massively important' for Kerry Today: November 01, 2004 at 11:35:51 PST By Steve Kanigher < [steve@lasvegassun.com] > LAS VEGAS SUN From Yucca Mountain to homeland security to a livable wage for working Americans, former President Bill Clinton said there are numerous reasons why Nevadans should make fellow Democrat John Kerry the next president. In an exclusive interview with the Sun en route to a campaign appearance on Saturday for Kerry at the Desert Willow Community Center in Henderson, the nation's 42nd president said that the election Tuesday will be a referendum on Yucca Mountain as it pertains to Nevada. Clinton said he believes Kerry's stand against the federal government plan to ship 77,000 tons of high-level nuclear waste to a repository 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas could help the Massachusetts senator carry Nevada. Kerry has charged that Republican President Bush went back on his word and ignored sound science by signing off on the plan to bring the radioactive waste to Yucca Mountain. Bush has said that he considered sound science and that he did not break a promise he made to Nevadans when he first ran for the presidency in 2000. Clinton said the presidential election in Nevada is "an up-or-down referendum on Yucca Mountain" that presents a clear choice between Kerry and Bush. "When I ran in '92 I told you I would never approve it unless the science was right, and I was never convinced, so I resisted the approval for eight years," Clinton said. "In '92 and '96 the people couldn't have known so they took me on my word and I am grateful. "When President Bush ran in 2000 he said, 'I won't approve it unless the science is right' and they took him on his word and gave him a narrow victory here as they had given me twice. So in 2002, as soon as (Energy Secretary) Spencer Abraham says everything is fine, he immediately approved it. Nevada took him to court and they said the scientific questions are nowhere near answered, but they're still pushing for Yucca Mountain. "So Kerry says it won't happen. We know that the Bush administration wants it to happen. So this is the first time Nevadans have had a clear referendum on Yucca Mountain. If George Bush carries Nevada and is elected president, the inescapable conclusion will be that a majority of citizens in this state are willing to take Yucca Mountain. Never mind what the science says. There's no way out of that. That's the vote." But Clinton said Yucca Mountain alone wouldn't enable Kerry to carry the state. A statewide Las Vegas Sun/Channel 8 Eyewitness News/KNPR Nevada Public Radio poll last month found that only 5 percent of very likely voters said Yucca Mountain would be the most important issue in their vote for president. Other issues that Clinton believes will help put Kerry over the top in Nevada include the state's high percentage of individuals without health insurance, the high number of personal bankruptcies and inadequate funding for children who attend public schools. "You've been disproportionately hurt by the fact that the No Child Left Behind act hasn't been funded, and that poor children have been kicked out of after-school programs," Clinton said. "Nevada would be disproportionately benefitted by a Kerry victory by putting more money into eduction. "Nevada is a state where you can generate enormous numbers of new jobs with clean energy, solar energy, wind energy, other things that would make us less dependent on foreign oil. Kerry will be much more aggressive at pushing that." Whether the federal minimum wage should be increased from $5.15 an hour, where it has been for seven years, is another issue that separates Bush and Kerry. Bush has said he would consider an increase provided it does not place unreasonable costs on small businesses and other employers. Kerry has vowed to raise the minimum wage to $7 an hour by 2007, arguing that the current minimum wage represents a 30-year low in purchasing power. The issue is also on the ballot in Nevada in the form of Question 6, a proposed amendment to the Nevada Constitution that would require employers in the state to raise the minimum wage to $6.15 an hour for workers who do not have health care. "The Republicans always try to put a minimum wage bill in some sort of poison pill," Clinton said. "The last time President Bush supported a minimum wage hike it essentially gave the states the power to opt out of it. The Republicans don't like the minimum wage. They keep saying it costs employment but there is not a shred of evidence that it does. "If anything, it adds a little bit to employment because minimum wage workers, when they get a hike in their pay, spend all their money. If you want a minimum wage increase, you ought to be for Kerry because he's clearly and unambiguously for it. President Bush has had a Republican Congress. Any time he wanted to raise the minimum wage he could have raised it. They simply don't believe in it. It is not a priority of theirs. "The idea that I got two big tax cuts and we haven't raised the minium wage is appalling to me. Nobody can really live on the minimum wage we've got now." Another difference between Bush and Kerry is their take on the future of Community Oriented Policing Services, a federal program Clinton got Congress to approve in 1994 in order to put an additional 100,000 police officers on the nation's streets. The program has actually resulted in the hiring of more than 118,000 officers at a cost of more than $9 billion since it was instituted. The Bush administration, arguing that the program has already met its goal, has proposed spending just $97 million in the next federal budget on the program for officer training and technology. Clinton said that while the Bush plan would increase funding for training first responders, it would also eliminate federal funds for 88,000 police officers nationwide. "I just think that's a terrible, terrible mistake," Clinton said. "Kerry will reinstitute it and also beef up our fire services." Kerry, arguing that the program has reduced crime and is worthy to retain for the sake of homeland security, believes it should be fully funded so that more officers can be hired. He has said he would provide the funding to hire as many as 100,000 new firefighters and other first responders nationally and train 5,000 more law enforcement officers to handle homeland security in local communities. Again, Clinton believes Kerry is right on this issue. "This issue doesn't have much traction in the states that don't feel personally threatened by terror," Clinton said. "But this is a big issue in New York. Most people outside of New York think they're voting for Kerry because it's a big liberal Democratic state. Let me just remind you we have a Republican governor, a Republican state senate and a Republican mayor of New York City. New York is not a liberal Democratic state. "But Kerry is going to win New York big and one reason is the people of New York, who have paid more than any other people in America in this war on terror, like his security plan better. A big part of it is this whole homeland security, first responder thing. "The majority of people know that we need to make a new beginning at home. If they can be convinced that their security will not be weakened in the fight against terror or in dealing with the troubles in Iraq by changing presidents, then I think they'll vote for John Kerry." Clark County Sheriff Bill Young has said that Las Vegas deserves more homeland security funding because of its high profile as the nation's foremost tourist destination. Clinton said arguments such as those made by Young are "compelling" because homeland security money should be distributed to localities based on potential terrorist threat targets or "magnets." "One of the most disappointing things to me in the Congress is that half of this homeland security money is just purely given out on politics," Clinton said. "They give it out on a per capita basis across the country without any regard to the threat. We shouldn't be giving out half this money because everyone could use a new radio system in their police department. It's nice to do but it's a scandalous waste of money. "New York is underfunded. Washington, D.C., is underfunded. We underfund a lot of our ports, like the port of New Orleans, the port of Miami and the port of Seattle. Las Vegas would fall in that category." One facility that Clinton said deserves more funds is McCarran International Airport. "The reason I'd like to see more done at the airport here is the last thing you want to do is make Las Vegas inhospitable," he said. "You don't want to turn it into an armed camp, where people feel like it will take them three hours to get through the airport. "I would be looking for non-intrusive ways, like checking the cargo containers or having good camera systems or having good intelligence about who might be in and out." As for security abroad, Clinton praised Kerry for gaining the support of retired generals and admirals who "like his security plan better than the current administration's plan." Kerry's plan, according to Clinton, would expand the Army and get more help in Iraq and elsewhere because "it doubles the Special Forces and intensifies efforts against Osama bin Laden and other terrorists." "It invests more effort in trying to contain the weapons of mass destruction problem in Iran, North Korea, Russia and elsewhere," Clinton said of Kerry's plan. "It also has a serious homeland security component. Here we are over three years after 9/11 and we're still checking only 5 percent of the cargo containers at our ports and airports. Every security expert says you can't have any deterrent effect at all unless you check a minimum of 10 to 20 percent of them." Clinton had plenty to say about other topics as well, including a dispute that Hungarian Holocaust survivors have been having with the Bush administration. American Jews, led by critics such as World Jewish Congress President Edgar Bronfman, have taken the Bush administration to task for failing to support reparations from the United States government for Hungarian Holocaust survivors. Bronfman served as chairman of a bipartisan American Holocaust assets commission that was formed under Clinton. The survivors in question were victims of plundered treasure at the hands of Nazi occupation during World War II. The so-called Hungarian Gold Train, which included 29 boxcars of gold, silver, art and other family belongings, was confiscated by the U.S. Army but a class action lawsuit representing 30,000 Holocaust survivors was filed in U.S. District Court in Florida seeking up to $150 million in compensation for belongings that were not returned to them. "I don't understand it," Clinton said. "The Bush administration has presented itself as a great friend of Israel and American Jewry. There's no question that Jews, as a result of the Holocaust and the war, lost billions of dollars of assets. "Now these families, many of whom are poor Hungarian Jews and some of whom live in Nevada apparently, all they asked for was compensation of $10,000 per family, very modest compensation. In fact, they're entitled to more." The Justice Department initially chose to fight the lawsuit on grounds that the statute of limitations expired long ago and that the survivors have no legal grounds to sue the federal government. The Justice Department has since changed its tune and announced earlier this month that it would attempt to reach a settlement. "The Bush administration fought it in court and they're still fighting it," Clinton said. "Finally, as the election draws near they seem to be open to negotiations. I have no explanation for it. This is an administration that is strong on the upper income people and throwing money at other people and I think this is wrong. It shows you an insensitivity that is unforgiveable. I know it's not a big issue in the election but it's a big issue with me. "I put the credibility of the United States on a totally bipartisan basis out there in the world, that we had to compensate Holocaust victims for the loss of their assets. In the single instance where America owes money the Bush administration has refused to pay up. What was John Ashcroft thinking? They knew the United States led the world in getting other countries to give up $8 billion to compensate these families. Our credibility on this issue has been severely damaged, not only in America but around the world." Clinton chastised Bush and the Republican Congress for wanting to place more power over health care decisions in the hands of health maintenance organizations and drug companies. "So they passed a prescription drug bill that had a $40 billion outright subsidy to the drug companies, actually deprived some seniors of the coverage they already had, made it illegal for the government to bargain for lower prices for drugs bought in bulk under Medicare, and tried to get people to take out medical savings accounts," Clinton said. "What Kerry wants to do is to put more power into the hands of patients and doctors and give individuals and small businesses more options to purchase health care without mandating anything. "What Kerry wants to do is give Medicare the power to bargain for lower costs for drugs bought in bulk, like the VA (Veterans Administration) hospitals do, allow the reimportation of safe drugs from Canada to provide price competition, and allow small businesses and individuals who don't have health insurance to buy into the federal program, which is a private program. It has over two dozen choices." The reason Kerry's health care plan makes sense, Clinton said, is that because the federal program would be larger, the administrative cost per policy would be smaller, leading to lower inflationary costs. Clinton also favors an aspect of Kerry's plan that offers reinsurance to policy holders who want to exceed certain limits of health care coverage. "Kerry's plan is purely voluntary, puts more power into the hands of patients and physicians, gives them more choice," Clinton said. "Bush's plan, I think, is high cost and low coverage because it continues to push people into HMOs and lets the health insurance and drug companies call the shots. So I think Kerry's plan is a lot better." When asked what a president could do to lower gasoline prices, Clinton said the long-term answer is for the nation to lessen its reliance on foreign oil. "We need to be driving more hybrid vehicles," he said. "We need to be using more solar power. We need to be using more wind power. We need to be using more efficient insulation materials in our buildings, our homes and our factories. There is right now today a $1 trillion global untapped market for alternative energy technologies." The problem is that alternative energy entrepreneurs don't have the same access to capital as do "old energy" oil and coal companies, Clinton said. "The old energy economy, oil and coal, is well organized, well financed and well connected politically," he said. "What people should be focused on is whether they want to be paying these gas prices next year and the year after that and whether they want their children to be political slaves to a dependence on foreign oil. "Even though the economy is down, so we should be using less energy, we're importing more foreign oil today than we were the day I left office. We need to change direction." Recent quadruple-bypass heart surgery has not kept Clinton from hitting the campaign trail and speaking his mind on behalf of Kerry as the 2004 election enters the home stretch. "I feel great," he said. "I get tired fairly easily but otherwise I'm doing great." After addressing a Kerry rally Friday at the Clark County Government Center, Clinton stayed overnight and had the community center rally on Saturday in Henderson before heading to New Mexico. Given Nevada's designation as one of the nation's few remaining battleground states in the race between Kerry and Bush, it should surprise no one that Clinton, a skilled campaigner, would want to visit states in play leading up to the election. These are some of the election scenarios Clinton believes could occur, with 270 electoral votes needed for victory: "Lets suppose John Kerry wins every state that Al Gore won (in 2000) and New Hampshire. That would give him 264 votes. Then, to win the election, he'd have to win Nevada and Arkansas or Nevada and one other place. "Lets suppose John Kerry wins Ohio but loses Iowa and Wisconsin. To win the election he'd have to win Nevada. "If he lost Iowa, Wisconsin and Hawaii, one of the states that is doing better economically because they get huge amounts of defense spending, he'd have to win Nevada and Arkansas. "If he won Florida but lost Wisconsin and Iowa and Hawaii, he'd have to win Nevada. There are several scenarios under which how Nevada goes will determine the outcome of the presidency. So it's a massively important state." Bottom line is no one knows who is going to win, including Clinton, who occupied the White House from January 1993 through January 2001. "No one knows what is going to happen in all these states," Clinton said. "Kerry could win in Ohio and Florida and the election would be over. But Bush could win in Ohio and Florida, in which case Kerry has got to win a bunch of little states. No one knows what is going to happen. I don't have a clue. "All I can do is try to clarify the choices for people. It's an easy election if people really understand the choices. It's not like these people don't have clear disagreements. They're both very strong people. They are people with convictions. But I think if people clearly understood what the real differences are, they would choose John Kerry." All contents copyright 2004 Las Vegas SUN, Inc. ***************************************************************** 27 RGJ: Ann Richards blasts Bush, Cheney [http://www.rgj.com/] Steve Timko [stimko@rgj.com] RENO GAZETTE-JOURNAL 10/31/2004 11:29 pm TALKING: Former Texas Gov. Ann Richards criticizes the Bush administration Sunday at the Kerry-Edwards Reno campaign headquarters. Former Texas Gov. Ann Richards blasted the Bush Administration on Sunday for a Medicare drug plan that doesn’t save money for seniors, for opposing stem cell research that could cure diseases of the aged and for flip-flopping on a nuclear waste dump at Yucca Mountain. Stumping in Reno and Carson City for the Democratic presidential campaign of U.S. Sen. John Kerry, Richards called on Vice President Dick Cheney to address these issues when he speaks today at Sparks High School. “When Dick Cheney comes tomorrow, you can ask him why 82,000 Nevadans have lost their health care in the last four years,” Richards said at a press conference. Richards said Bush’s opposition to harvesting new stem cells for medical study means there won’t be research “that might be able to help our senior citizens and children with debilitating diseases.” Bush, who defeated Richards for the governor’s seat in Texas in 1994, said four years ago he would reform Medicare, Richards said. But the drug bill pushed by Bush and the Republican-controlled Congress that uses a Medicare discount card only guarantees profits for drug companies and does not save money for senior citizens, she said. “We can still buy them cheaper at a discount drug store than we can with that card,” Richards said. Speaking earlier in the day to a group of seniors and their guests at Promenade on the River in Reno, Richards criticized Bush’s plan to privatize Social Security. President Frankiln D. Roosevelt started Social Security in the 1930s to give people a guaranteed pension after the collapse of financial markets, Richards said. Two people in the audience, who both supported Roosevelt the first time they voted, gave Richards high marks for her speech. “She’s incredible,” said Edna Pearl, 91, a Promenade on the River resident. “She hit on all the big issues. She knows how to communicate what she’s saying. She has extensive knowledge.” Janice Goodhue of Reno, also 91, praised Richards for remembering all of the soldiers killed in Iraq after Bush declared a successful end to major combat operations. “Nobody seems to care about the people still being killed, the 19-, 20- and 21-year-old soldiers,” Goodhue said. When Richards was Texas governor, it was one of the states being considered as an alternative to Nevada for being home to a nuclear repository. Richards said at the press conference she doesn’t think Texas would be willing to take the nuclear repository today. “I don’t think there is any way that science can show you it is safe,” Richards said. © Copyright Reno Gazette-Journal, a Gannett ***************************************************************** 28 Salt Lake Tribune: Stop nuclear waste [http://www.sltrib.com] Opinion Article Last Updated: 10/31/2004 09:52:08 PM The plan to ship high-level nuclear waste into Utah and stockpile the hazardous material in a facility located on the Skull Valley Goshute Reservation is a bad plan that looks worse by the day. The arrangement to store the waste in above-ground containers at a site alongside one of the nation's most active Air Force training sites and within a short distance of millions of Utah residents raises a serious safety concern, including trucking radioactive material through the heart of major population centers. Now, federal officials acknowledge there are no safe arrangements for moving nuclear waste once it arrives in Skull Valley. In other words, Utah could be saddled with this waste indefinitely. Legislation to stop this ill-conceived plan is pending the U.S. House of Representatives but has languished in the Senate. Utah's senators, who have been quiet on the legislation thus far, must take an active role if we are to keep nuclear waste from flooding our state. Sonya Dinsdale Salt Lake City © Copyright 2004, The Salt Lake Tribune. ***************************************************************** 29 Lowell Sun: Perchlorate levels down slightly in Tewksbury November 01, 2004 Lowell, MA By VANESSA HUGHES, Sun Staff TEWKSBURY The most recent tests of Tewksbury's drinking water found perchlorate levels have dipped slightly since early October, but are still above the state's recommended limit. The town is working with the state Department of Environmental Protection and with the federal Environmental Protection Agency's Chelmsford lab to continue tests in Tewksbury, Lowell and Billerica. But the focus of the investigation is turning primarily to Billerica, where continued tests find perchlorate in water from the wastewater treatment plant, said Ed Colletta, a spokesman for the Department of Environmental Protection. Tests of Tewksbury's drinking water, from the Merrimack River, found 1.2 parts per billion of perchlorate on Oct. 19. Levels were detected at 1.3 ppb on Oct. 5 and 1.4 ppb on Oct. 12. Recent results are still above the state's advisory limit of 1 ppb and higher than the town's low of 1.1 ppb from Sept. 28. "Lowell is a negligible player, so it's primarily Billerica, and the issue has been, is it in the plant or in the distribution system?" Tewksbury Town Manager David Cressman said. The town issued a public-health advisory in August, when tests first detected perchlorate. The chemical, found in such products as explosives and rocket fuel, is believed to affect the function of the thyroid gland. There are no state or federal drinking-water standards for perchlorate. The general public is not considered at risk, but the DEP recommends that pregnant and nursing women, children under 12, and those with untreated thyroid disorders not drink the water. Tewksbury's water must have less than 1 ppb of perchlorate for eight straight weeks in order to lift the advisory. Perchlorate has been detected in samples from the Merrimack and Concord Rivers, but Tewksbury's is the only drinking-water supply impacted. Officials are studying whether bleach used to disinfect wastewater is adding perchlorate to the rivers. Perchlorate has been found at higher levels in treated water exiting the Lowell and Billerica wastewater treatment plants, compared to water entering. The most recent tests at the Lowell plant did not find high levels of perchlorate. The state will conduct another round of tests in Lowell next week to determine if the Lowell plant can be ruled out as a source, Colletta said. In two weeks, the DEP will focus on the Billerica plant by testing for seven straight days, taking two samples per day at different times, he said. Tewksbury's recent tests found bleach older than 30 days tested positive for high levels of perchlorate while new bleach had barely any perchlorate, which is a compound related to chlorine, said Lewis Zediana, chief operator of the Tewksbury water-treatment plant. The town is part of a consortium of 45 communities that use the same vendor for the disinfectant. Zediana said the town is exploring whether the way the bleach is made or decomposes is a factor. The town is looking for bleach vendors that can assure that perchlorate is not a byproduct. But the bleach is not considered the sole culprit, Zediana said, adding that it may be contributing less than 5 percent of the perchlorate detected. Officials are also investigating whether the perchlorate is coming from industrial sources. A company or person could be flushing the contaminant, knowingly or not, which is not illegal because the chemical is not regulated, Zediana said. But cities and towns may begin looking to set their own regulations, he said. "If it's one source and we turn it off, we would see results in under a week," he said. "My hope is that we can find it, turn it off and go back to normal." It doesn't take much perchlorate to contaminate the river. Zediana said 8 pounds of perchlorate is enough to contaminate 1 billion gallons of water with 1 ppb of perchlorate. Tewksbury uses about 1 billion gallons of water in an entire year. The same amount passes the town on the Merrimack River daily, he said. Vanessa Hughes' e-mail address is vhughes@lowellsun.com [vhughes@lowellsun.com] . [http://mnglowellsun.healthology.com/] © 1999-2004 MediaNews Group, Inc. All rights to republication of special dispatches herein are ***************************************************************** 30 NRC: Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste (ACNW) 2004 Meeting Transcripts The following links on this page are to documents in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF). See our Plugins, Viewers, and Other Tools page for more information. Date Title 10/20/2004 154th ACNW Meeting 10/19/2004 154th ACNW Meeting 09/23/2004 153rd ACNW Meeting 09/22/2004 153rd ACNW Meeting 07/21/2004 152nd ACNW Meeting 07/20/2004 152nd ACNW Meeting 06/24/2004 151st ACNW Meeting 06/23/2004 151st ACNW Meeting 06/22/2004 151st ACNW Meeting 05/27/2004 150th ACNW Meeting 05/26/2004 150th ACNW Meeting 05/25/2004 150th ACNW Meeting 04/21/2004 149th ACNW Meeting 04/20/2004 149th ACNW Meeting 02/27/2004 148th ACNW Meeting 02/25/2004 148th ACNW Meeting 02/24/2004 148th ACNW Meeting Last revised Wednesday, October 27, 2004 ***************************************************************** 31 OCHA IRIN KYRGYZSTAN: Landslide threatens waste dump in Naryn - Tuesday 2 November 2004 [http://www.irinnews.org/webspecials/default.asp] ANKARA, 1 Nov 2004 (IRIN) - A potential landslide in the central Kyrgyz province of Naryn could affect a uranium waste dump, threatening up to 50,000 people, according to the Kyrgyz emergency ministry. "The danger of a landslide is very serious. Currently, according to an expert who has been monitoring the situation on the ground since August, the landslide is moving by 1 to 1.5 cm per day," Emil Akmatov, a ministry spokesman, told IRIN from the capital, Bishkek, on Monday. According to the emergency ministry, a special inter-ministry commission has just completed an assessment of the situation in the Min-Kush settlement of Naryn province, where in August a land mass of some 700,000 cubic metres started to slide down in the Tuyuk-Suu area. Experts from the emergency ministry, the academy of sciences and some scientific research institutions say that if the landslide collapsed it would create a natural dam 30 m high and a subsequent reservoir 200 m long. They warn that this would destroy the Tuyuk-Suu nuclear waste dump and that the rivers Min-Kush, Kokomeren and Naryn (a tributary of the Syrdarya river, one of the major water sources in Central Asia) would be polluted with radioactivity. "If that were to happen, up to 50,000 people could be affected," Akmatov said. There are four uranium waste dumps in the vicinity of Min-Kush with a total volume of 800,000 cu m, of which 400,000 cu m are radioactive, according to the emergency officials. "It is very difficult to determine when the landslide might collapse as no equipment has been installed in the body of the landslide to detect any sudden movements," Akmatov said. But he added that the emergency agency was now working to develop measures to prevent the potential landslide from causing flooding and destroying the waste dump. Options include using machinery to clear up the dam or using explosives to release the water, the emergency official said. In 1994, a team of local scientists investigated the nuclear dump in Min-Kush and proposed a number of solutions to the problem. One of them was to move the dumps to a more secure area, a move endorsed by the inter-ministerial commission on the issue. According to the US-based Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI), an NGO working to strengthen global security by reducing the risk of the use and preventing the spread of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons, there were 36 uranium tailings sites and 25 uranium mining dump sites in Kyrgyzstan by 1999. Many waste sites, a legacy of the Soviet Union, are located in areas prone to earthquakes and landslides, and thus pose an environmental safety hazard to Kyrgyzstan and the Central Asian region. All materials copyright © UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 2004 ***************************************************************** 32 PRN: Sierra Club Votes '527' Campaign Heads into Final Stretch [http://www.prnewswire.com/] [http://www.sierraclubvotes.org] Thousands of Volunteers Get Out the Vote in 11 Key Sites in Nine States WASHINGTON, Nov. 1 /PRNewswire/ -- Heading into the final days of the 2004 election, thousands of Sierra Club volunteers are mobilizing around the country to get out the environmental vote in battleground states and raise the profile of environmental issues in the 2004 election. Sierra Club principals and on-the-ground spokespeople are available for comment before and after the election. In addition, Sierra Club Votes will release a poll on Election Day concerning voter opinions about the most critical environmental issue in this year's election -- the designation of Nevada's Yucca Mountain as a national nuclear waste repository. The Sierra Club Votes "527" campaign already has proved a tremendous success. In nine battleground states, staff and volunteers have knocked on more than 1 million doors, made more than 1 million phone calls, and sent more than 2.2 million pieces of direct mail. Additionally, some targeted voters participated in the Sierra Club's first Internet outreach campaign. As of October 31, Sierra Club Votes was responsible for more than 4.2 million direct contacts to environmental voters and the recruitment of nearly 12,000 new volunteers. Sierra Club members and staff will spend the final day of the campaign getting out the vote as part of the America Votes coalition. Spokespeople are available in the following areas: Local Sierra Club Votes Locations: Following are cell phone numbers for Sierra Club Votes spokespeople in battleground states: * Albuquerque/Santa Fe, NM: Jessica Hodge, 202-494-8717 * Columbus, OH: Bryan Clark, 614-461-0734 * New Hampshire: Kurt Ehrenberg, 603-498-2275 * Las Vegas, NV: Tara Smith, 702-308-8227 * Milwaukee, WI: Joyce Harms, 240-425-7830 * Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN: Heather Cusik, 612-202-7599 * Philadelphia, PA: Elise Annunziata, 703-629-8441 or Brian O'Malley, 202-744-8487 * Pittsburgh, PA: Rachel Martin, 814-227-8201 * Portland, OR: Paul Shively, 503-201-1254 * Reno, NV: Illysia Shattuck, 310-386-0455 * Tampa Bay, FL: Darden Rice, 727-560-2479 CONTACT: Kerri Glover of the Sierra Club, +1-202-675-7903. SOURCE Sierra Club Web Site: http://www.sierraclubvotes.org [http://www.sierraclubvotes.org] [http://www.prnewswire.com/media/] ***************************************************************** 33 PE: Products: California water utility removes perchlorate, VOCs Monday, November 01 [http://www.pollutionengineering.com] The Lincoln Avenue Water Company recently started up its 2,000-gpm perchlorate removal system at its two wells in Altadena, Calif. The system uses a combination of high-flow vessels from USFilter Westates Carbon and PWA2 perchlorate removal media jointly developed by USFilter, and Rohm and Haas of Philadelphia to reduce perchlorate to non-detectable levels. The system startup enabled the water company to re-open the two wells and to meet the higher water demands of summer. USFilter Westates Palm Desert, Calif. (908) 704-9027 www.usfilter.com [http://www.usfilter.com] eProduct Number 423 Copyright © 2004 by BNP Media [http://www.bnpmedia.com] ***************************************************************** 34 November Surprise Piketon, Ohio Date: Mon, 01 Nov 2004 18:33:24 -0800 November Surprise Geoffrey Sea* There is a secret floating around the corridors, cubicles and chemical pits in Ohio, Kentucky, and Washington DC. Its not a real secret in the sense of national security or anything like that. Its more of a national insecurity secret, pertaining to jobs, the deficit, the environmental health mess left at federal nuclear sites, and Bush-Cheney campaign strategy. The big hush-hush is this: Embargoed until after the election, the Bush Department of Energy will award the new contracts for cleanup and management of the closed and closing uranium enrichment sites in Piketon, Ohio, and Paducah, Kentucky. This has been in the works for quite some time. Nearly two years ago, the administration informed Bechtel-Jacobs Corporation, the current contractor at both sites, that the contracts would be restructured and that BJC would no longer qualify to bid owing to its size. The objective is to downsize and to reorient prime contracts to "small businesses," theoretically saving money by eliminating protections for former employees with grandfathered benefits. Of course another point is to hide the fact that overall funding and the jobs that go with it are being slashed. Such contracts do not take two years to award, and all bids have been in since last March. But somebody somewhere in the political apparatus of the Bush-Cheney campaign realized that this would be a disaster if made public before the election. Of course it already is a disaster, because underground toxic and radioactive plumes are threatening to migrate offsite (if they havent already done so) in one of the most scenic and historic locales in Ohio, and likewise in Kentucky. The Department of Energy will not even release projections of total cleanup costs at Piketon, because they probably exceed the quarter billion dollars that it will take to remediate each of the other, less-problematic enrichment sites. But thats not the kind of disaster that the Bush administration worries about. What they worry about is the political disaster of an announced environmental and job rollback on such strategic electoral terrain. No one can know the precise numbers until after the awards are made, but the rumored projection is that about one third of the approximately 500 onsite jobs at Piketon will have to go immediately, with another fifty percent reduction to follow later. That will mean an even bigger cut in actual performance because up to six separate companies will replace BJC, necessitating wasteful duplication in overhead costs and administration. In other words, more money may wind up being spent to employ far fewer people and accomplish less cleanup. The contracting process was extended three times inexplicably (wink, wink), as operatives realized that even to announce the awards would let the cat out of the bag. So Bechtel-Jacobs has been ordered to stay on until April, even though they now want out. One woman at DOE who reluctantly agreed to talk to me, said the scheduled award date was "sometime," nervous about revealing even this much. When I asked a DOE public affairs spokeswoman if the timing could be election-related, she giggled and said, "I cant imagine." I asked the same question to a BJC representative and he just belly-laughed for a very long time. One anonymous source at BJC called me to say that employees are keeping to the cynical code of silence because each one is fearful for his job. Some would say that theres no secret at all, because all you have to do is read through hundreds of pages of old and new contract specifications, published in the Federal Register and available online. Then, if you read between the deleted lines of projected funding and staffing levels"redacted" to "protect national security"youll know the naked truth. John Kerry came to Wakefield, Ohio, just a mile or so down-creek from Piketons migrating plumes, on October 16. He called for increased funding for "cleanup of soil, groundwater and hazardous waste from legacy operations." He seemed unaware, though, that the funding levels are already being slashed. I guess hes been slacking off on reading and divining secrets from the Federal Register. And I guess that no one clued him in, because John Kerry doesnt have a "need to know." Yet. *Geoffrey Sea is a writer, historian and health physicist now writing a book about Piketon for Viking/Penguin, due out in 2005. ***************************************************************** 35 DOE: American Statistical Association Committee on Energy Statistics FR Doc 04-24356 [Federal Register: November 1, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 210)] [Notices] [Page 63376] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr01no04-54] AGENCY: Department of Energy. ACTION: Notice of renewal. SUMMARY: Pursuant to the Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92- 463), I hereby certify that the renewal, for a period of four months, of the charter of the American Statistical Association Committee on Energy Statistics is in the public interest in connection with the performance of duties imposed on the Department of Energy by law. This determination follows consultation with the Committee Management Secretariat of the General Services Administration, pursuant to section 102-3.60, title 41, Code of Federal Regulations. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Rachel M. Samuel at (202) 586- 3279. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The purpose of the Committee is to provide advice on a continuing basis to the Administrator of the Energy Information Administration (EIA), including: 1. Periodic review of and advice on Energy Information Administration data collections and analysis programs; 2. Advice on technical and methodological issues in planning, operation, and the review of Energy Information Administration statistical programs and their relative priorities; and 3. Advice on matters concerning improved energy modeling and forecasting tools, particularly regarding their functioning, relevancy, and results. Issued in Washington, DC, on: October 27, 2004. Carol Matthews, Acting Advisory Committee Management Officer. [FR Doc. 04-24356 Filed 10-29-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** 36 DOE: Sale of Surplus Highly Enriched Uranium Document Type: Special Notice Solicitation Number: DOE-SNOTE-041005-001 Posted Date: Oct 05, 2004 Original Response Date: Current Response Date: Original Archive Date: Dec 31, 2004 Current Archive Date: Dec 31, 2004 Contracting Office Address + P.O. Box 2050, Mail Stop 8009 Oak Ridge TN, 37831 Description + The Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) is soliciting expressions of interest in the purchase and down-blending of surplus U.S. highly enriched uranium (HEU). NNSA is developing a list of companies that may be interested in the purchase of the surplus HEU. Interested parties may be commercial nuclear power companies, Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) licensed facilities with blend down capabilities, nuclear fuel cycle suppliers, or teams consisting of several interested firms. The HEU being offered is believed to be high-purity material. When down-blended with commercial natural uranium, the bulk of this material should produce LEU that meets applicable ASTM specifications for commercial nuclear power reactor fuel. A portion of this material may require cross-blending or chemical purification to meet the applicable specifications. The chemical purification would primarily be required to remove the uranium from its current alloyed or compounded form. Any required cross-blending or chemical purification are the responsibility of the winning bidder or team. The winning bidder or team will be required to accept delivery of the HEU at a secure facility in the United States, licensed for possession and processing of HEU. The winning bidder will be responsible for ensuring the HEU is blended down to an enrichment level below 10 wt% 235U within two years of receipt. The quantity of HEU available will be no less than 15 tonnes and up to 17.4 tonnes. The majority of the HEU, 10 to 12.4 tonnes, is in the form of metal. The metal is in the form of broken pieces and slugs, with no dimension exceeding 2.25 inches. The HEU metal has an average enrichment of approximately 75 wt% 235U. A small portion of this material may require cross-blending or chemical purification to meet the applicable specifications. The remainder of the material is in the form of alloyed and unalloyed HEU metal, unirradiated HEU reactor fuel elements, and HEU compounds. This material would have an average enrichment in the range of 60-75 wt% 235U. The majority of this material may require cross-blending or chemical purification to meet the applicable specifications. The winning bidder will be expected to include in its proposal the capability to down-blend the HEU subject to an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) verification regime on the down-blending process (but not on material while in storage). Interested parties must be able to begin receiving the material by December 31, 2005. NNSA expects to deliver the material at a roughly steady rate during calendar years 2006-09. This is not a request for proposals (RFP). NNSA anticipates issuing a RFP in the first quarter of fiscal 2005 with award in the fourth quarter of FY 2005. A second announcement will be made prior to release of the RFP to finalize the bidders list. Interested parties should respond to this announcement by providing the following information: Company name, address, a point of contact, contact information (phone number and e-mail) and a statement of capabilities. Companies are encouraged to identify any concerns or issues that could impact their decision to bid on this material and/or suggestions on the structure of the business arrangement that may improve the economics of the sale. Any concerns or suggestions will be kept confidential, but will be considered in the development of terms and conditions of the RFP. NNSA may contact responding companies for additional information. Responses to this announcement are requested within two weeks of publication of this expression of interest. Responses should be sent to Carol Elliott, NNSA Y-12 National Security Complex, P.O. Box 2050, Mail Stop 8009, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831. Point of Contact + Email your questions to Carol Elliott, Contract Officer at elliottcr@yso.doe.gov [elliottcr@yso.doe.gov] Additional Information + Click here for further details regarding this notice. [http://e-center.doe.gov/doebiz.nsf/UNID/9788E54145576E8A85256F24 00717192?OpenDocument] Reference Library [http://www.acqnet.gov] ] ***************************************************************** 37 DOE: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Idaho FR Doc 04-24354 [Federal Register: November 1, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 210)] [Notices] [Page 63376] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr01no04-55] National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory AGENCY: Department of Energy. ACTION: Notice of open meeting. SUMMARY: This notice announces a meeting of the Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board (EMSSAB), Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. The Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 86 Stat. 770) requires that public notice of these meeting be announced in the Federal Register. DATES: Tuesday, November 16, 2004, 8 a.m.-6 p.m., Wednesday, November 17, 2004, 8 a.m.-5 p.m. Opportunities for public participation will be held Tuesday, November 16, from 12:15 to 12:30 and 5:45 to 6 p.m. and on Wednesday, November 17, from 11:45 a.m. to 12 noon and 4 to 4:15 p.m. Additional time may be made available for public comment during the presentations. These times are subject to change as the meeting progresses, depending on the extent of comment offered. Please check with the meeting facilitator to confirm these times. ADDRESSES: Ameritel Inn, 645 Lindsay Blvd., Idaho Falls, ID. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Peggy Hinman, INEEL CAB Administrator, North Wind, Inc., P.O. Box 51174, Idaho Falls, ID 83405, Phone (208) 557-7885, or visit the Board's Internet home page at http://www.ida.net/users/cab [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.ida.net/users/cab] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of the Board: The purpose of the Board is to make recommendations to DOE in the areas of environmental restoration, waste management, and related activities. Tentative Topics (agenda topics may change up to the day of the meeting; please contact Peggy Hinman for the most current agenda or visit the CAB's Internet site at http://www.ida.net/users/cab/ [http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.ida.net/users/cab/] ): Presentations addressing the cleanup and closure of the Radioactive Waste Management Complex Develop a recommendation on orphan waste Federal budget process and funding available for the Idaho Operation Office Public Participation: This meeting is open to the public. Written statements may be filed with the Board facilitator either before or after the meeting. Individuals who wish to make oral presentations pertaining to agenda items should contact the Board Chair at the address or telephone number listed above. Request must be received five days prior to the meeting and reasonable provision will be made to include the presentation in the agenda. The Deputy Designated Federal Officer, Richard Provencher, Assistant Manager for Environmental Management, Idaho Operations Office, U.S. Department of Energy, is empowered to conduct the meeting in a fashion that will facilitate the orderly conduct of business. Every individual wishing to make public comment will be provided equal time to present their comments. Minutes: The minutes of this meeting will be available for public review and copying at the Freedom of Information Public Reading Room, 1E-190, Forrestal Building, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday except Federal holidays. Minutes will also be available by writing to Ms. Peggy Hinman, INEEL CAB Administrator, at the address and phone number listed above. Issued at Washington, DC, on October 27, 2004. Rachel Samuel, Deputy Advisory Committee Management Officer. [FR Doc. 04-24354 Filed 10-29-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P ***************************************************************** 38 UK The Times: Bush v Kerry: state by state guide November 01, 2004 By Jenny Booth, Times Online THE KEY STATES FLORIDA (27 electoral college votes): The collapse of the Florida voting system caused crisis in the last election and ultimately delivered the presidency to Bush by 537 votes. John Kerry held his first rally of the final day's campaigning here. Previously he has been visiting black churches in the Sunshine State to improve his support, and Florida's large retired population prefer the Democrats. Many Hispanics prefer President Bush's conservative line on abortion and gay marriage, however, and the Jewish population also prefers Mr Bush, who is the narrow favourite. Both candidates have spent huge amounts of time and effort campaigning for its 27 electoral college votes. 2000 result: Bush won by 0.01 per cent. OHIO (20 electoral college votes): Competition is so hot here that they are calling it the new Florida. Mr Bush held a pre-dawn rally in Wilmington at the start of his last day's campaigning. Ohio's heavy industry has suffered under the President, with 225,000 jobs lost to foreign competitors, and strong resentment that Mr Bush dropped tariffs on imported steel. Mr Kerry has made inroads after expressing sympathy for Ohio job losses, and is thought to be ahead. Mr Bush, however, is favourite with Ohio's many Christian conservatives, who dislike gay marriage and gun control. Since 1964 Ohio has voted for the winner in every election. 2000 result: Bush won by 3.51 per cent. PENNSYLVANIA (21 electoral college votes): Mr Kerry has maintained a narrow lead in this most important of the Rust Belt states, which has been hard hit by job losses and the end of protective tariffs on imported steel. Mr Kerry's wife, Teresa Heinz, is based in Pittsburgh and has given a lot of money to local good causes. Mr Bush has visited in repeatedly. 2000 result: Gore won by 4.17 per cent. WISCONSIN (10 electoral college votes): A Gallup poll published on the eve of the election gave Mr Bush a surprising eight-point lead in this Rust Belt state - although a Zogby poll on the same day put Mr Kerry seven points ahead. Elections have often been close here (Al Gore won by just 5,708 votes last time around). Unemployment will be a key issue - the state has lost about 80,000 jobs since the last election. Wisconsin was the home of progressive Republicanism, although that tradition seems to have died out now. 2000 result: Gore won by 0.22 per cent.   THE SWING STATES ARIZONA (10 electoral college votes): One of the thriving Sun states, Arizona in the south-west is booming thanks to free trade with Mexico under the North American Free Trade Agreement. It has a Democratic governor, its large population of Vietnam veterans like Mr Kerry and the state voted for Bill Clinton in 1996. It then reverted to its Republican tradition for Mr Bush, however. Analysts say that Arizona is slowly turning Democrat thanks to Hispanic and Californian incomers, but the results may not be felt until 2008. 2000 result: Bush won by 6.29 per cent. ARKANSAS (6 electoral college votes): Bill Clinton's home state is the only southern state outside Florida where Mr Kerry is in with a glimmer of a chance. Mr Bush has been leading, making play on social issues such as guns and gay marriage, but Mr Clinton's campaign appearances last weekend might help Mr Kerry's chances. 2000 result: Bush won by 5.45 per cent. COLORADO (9 electoral college votes): This traditionally staunch Republican state is dominated by the Rocky Mountains. There was much surprise when Mr Kerry - who was born in an army hospital in the state - polled strongly here at the start of the race, putting Colorado back into play. Hispanic incomers may be shifting the political balance. Mr Bush is still expected to win. 2000 result: Bush won by 8.36 per cent. IOWA (7 electoral college votes): Mr Bush came within 4,000 votes of snatching Iowa in 2000, which would have been a startling upset. He has been targeting the state for frequent visits, and put in a whistlestop appearance on the last day of campaigning. But Mr Kerry is popular here, and won the nomination as Democrat candidate largely on the strength of his overwhelming showing in Iowa caucuses. His focus on jobs and healthcare has played well in a state hit by the 2001 recession. Too close to call. 2000 result: Gore won by 0.32 per cent. MICHIGAN (17 electoral college votes): 200,000 job losses in manufacturing during the Bush presidency have lent impetus to Mr Kerry in this Rust Belt state which suffered heavily in the 2001 recession. Car industry unions in Detroit and a large black population also back the Democrats. Mr Bush needs to win Michigan, and is fighting hard for it, but he needs the jobs market to continue to pick up if he is going to steal this state. 2000 result: Gore won by 5.13 per cent. MINNESOTA (10 electoral college votes): This Mid-Western state has strong Democrat traditions dating back decades - it last voted Republican in 1972 - but is now finely balanced. Independents like Ross Perot have traditionally done better here, and Minnesota was another state where Ralph Nader's candidacy nearly proved fatal for Mr Gore in 2000. Analysts expect it narrowly to stay Democrat. 2000 result: Gore won by 2.41 per cent. MISSOURI (11 electoral college votes): The ultimate swing state, which has voted for the eventual president in every election for the last 100 years. Like America, Missouri is split between urban and rural populations, with a strong ethnic mix. Mr Bush won here by just 80,000 votes, and has been visiting it regularly throughout his presidency to improve his chances this time. Some say Kerry has not campaigned hard enough here to win it. 2000 result: Bush won by 3.34 per cent. NEVADA (5 electoral college votes): Unpredictable. Drifted towards Mr Bush in 2000 but could equally drift towards Mr Kerry this time, after the President broke a campaign promise and gave the go-ahead to an unpopular nuclear waste facility at Yucca Mountain. A large, mainly desert state with no income tax, famed for Las Vegas and Death Valley, which makes its money these days from gambling and prostitution. Tends to vote for eventual winner. 2000 result: Bush won by 3.54 per cent. NEW HAMPSHIRE (4 electoral college votes): This low tax state with its growing population is one of the few in New England that didn't vote Democrat last time. New Hampshire is known as the Granite State because of its rugged coastline and it has equally rugged independent traditions: its motto is Live Free or Die. Ralph Nader lost this one for Mr Gore last time. They might go for Mr Kerry because he is a New Englander. 2000 result: Bush won by 1.27 per cent. NEW MEXICO (5 electoral college votes): The population of this south-western state which borders Texas is heavily Hispanic, and the popular state governor is a Democrat. To counteract this, hundreds of Bush activists have been volunteering to cross the border from Texas to campaign in New Mexico, and it is perhaps thanks to their efforts that the polls put Mr Bush narrowly ahead. Last time, Mr Gore won by just 365 votes in a state where only 600,000 bothered to turn out. 2000 result: Gore won by 0.06 per cent. OREGON (7 electoral college votes): Mr Bush has targeted Oregon, after narrowly losing it to Mr Gore last time when Ralph Nader split the Democratic vote. Oregon is the least Democratic of the West Coast states, and used to be strongly Republican, but Mr Kerry is thought to have done enough to hang on to it. 2000 result: Gore won by 0.44 per cent. WEST VIRGINIA (5 electoral college votes): A poor state whose economy has been damaged by recession. Mr Kerry badly wants to win it after it turned Republican in 2000, and made it his first stop on winning the Democratic nomination in March. But this is a strongly pro-military state where Mr Bush's record on the War on Terror goes down well. 2000 result: Bush won by 6.33 per cent.   THE BUSH STATES ALABAMA (9 electoral college votes): This economically backward Southern state has low average incomes and high crime, poverty and unemployment. Fifty years ago Alabama was the scene of some of the fiercest campaigns of the black civil rights movement. Since then the former Democrat stronghold has turned conservative and voted Republican in the last seven elections. 2000 result: Bush won by 14.1 per cent. ALASKA (3 electoral college votes): Most of Alaska's tiny population support President Bush's controversial proposals to drill for oil in the National Wildlife Refuge in this giant, northern state. The Republican governor is hugely unpopular after making his daughter a senator, but Mr Bush is still expected to walk it. 2000 result: Bush won by 30.95 per cent. GEORGIA (15 electoral college votes): The birthplace of Martin Luther King is another southern state with a history connected to the civil rights movement and a large black population. The economy of its sprawling capital, Atlanta - home of Coca Cola - is booming however and the city now has a progressive reputation. 2000 result Bush won by 11.69 per cent. IDAHO (4 electoral college votes): This backwoods Western state, famed for its potatoes, is solidly Republican. Its inhabitants tend to mistrust the federal government and believe that the United Nations is a conspiracy. President Clinton's environmental efforts to halt road-building and to reintroduce grizzly bears went down like a lead balloon. Competes with Wyoming and Utah for the honour of being the most staunchly Republican. 2000 result: Bush won by 39.53 per cent. INDIANA (11 electoral college votes): Despite the strong unions and large number of manufacturing jobs in this Midwest state it has always had a strong Republican tradition. Famed for its motor racing, holds the Indianapolis 500 race in May. 2000 result: Bush won by 15.64 per cent. KANSAS (6 electoral college votes): This culturally conservative middle American state, the home of Dorothy in the Wizard of Oz, is known as the US's bread basket because of the large amount of wheat grown on its flat plains. It has only voted Democrat once in the last 60 years. 2000 result: Bush won by 20.8 per cent. KENTUCKY (8 electoral college votes): The rural and religious Bluegrass state was founded by frontiersmen who crossed the Appalachian mountains in the 1790s. It has only recently turned Republican after backing Bill Clinton, but is not expected to produce any upsets for Mr Bush. 2000 result: Bush won by 15.16 per cent. LOUISIANA (9 electoral college votes): Dirt poor, with an ethnically mixed population of blacks who vote Democrat and Cajuns who vote Republican. John Kerry's chances were never going to be good in this Southern state, and were worsened when two Democrat congressman defected to the Republicans, and when the popular Democrat Senator John Breaux resigned suddenly. Mr Kerry has not bothered to target it for heavy campaigning. 2000 result: Bush won by 7.67 per cent. MISSISSIPPI (6 electoral college votes): This Southern state is one of the poorest in the US. Twenty per cent of the population lives below the poverty line, and levels of health, education and literacy are the worst in America. Gambling is one of the few growth industries. Expected to be solid for Mr Bush. 2000 result: Bush won by 16.92 per cent. MONTANA (3 electoral college votes): Like Idaho, a sparsely-populated state whose stubborn population doesn't like governments. Noted for its millions of acres of forest, and for its backwoods survivalists and militias that are armed to the teeth. After backing the eccentric billionaire Ross Perot in the 1990s it came through for Mr Bush in 2000, and is expected to do the same this time. 2000 result: Bush won by 25.08 per cent. NEBRASKA (5 electoral college votes): Mid-Western, rural state, relatively poor, whose flat landscape is under-populated. Inhabitants are strongly religious, mainly farmers and agri-business folk. Nebraska has voted Republican for the last 50 years and isn't going to change its mind now. 2000 result: Bush won by 29 per cent. NORTH CAROLINA (15 electoral college votes): Although this is the home state of Mr Kerry's running mate, Senator John Edwards, he does not seem to have made much inroads in the Republican support in the so-called Tar Heel State. (Because it traditionally produced a lot of tar from burning pine trees, apparently.) North Carolinans apparently think that Mr Edwards has abandoned the state to run for the presidency, and isn't looking after their interests. Mr Kerry has not been ahead in a single poll here. 2000 result: Bush won by 12.83 per cent. NORTH DAKOTA (3 electoral college votes): Tends to send Democrats to Congress and to vote for Republican presidents. A rural state where farming is the main industry and subsidies are the key political issue. 2000 result: Bush won by 27.6 per cent. OKLAHOMA (7 electoral college votes): This central US state which borders Texas has a boom and bust economy and a 50 year tradition of voting Republican. 2000 result: Bush won by 21.88 per cent. SOUTH CAROLINA (8 electoral college votes): This Southern state divides socially between the rich coastal resorts, including the state's elegant capital, Charleston, and the rural poverty inland. It is ethnically mixed and like most of the Southern states, was once Democratic. Now it is strongly Republican. 2000 election: Bush won by 15.94 per cent. SOUTH DAKOTA (3 electoral college votes): South Dakota believes that it is smarter than its namesake state to the north, for by flirting with both political parties it maximises the amount of state funded projects to boost its flagging economy. Once it was a farming state, but now much of the countryside lies unused and under-populated. Low taxes and low wages have attracted some new businesses in the IT and financial sector, although these suffered when dotcom bubble burst. 2000 result: Bush won by 22.74 per cent. TENNESSEE (11 electoral college votes): A rural state on the border between North and South which was hotly fought over in the America Civil War. Al Gore managed to lose Tennessee last time even though it was his home state. A Massachusetts Yankee like John Kerry is not likely to do any better. 2000 result: Bush won by 3.87 per cent. TEXAS (34 electoral college votes): The Lone Star state is Bush's backyard. He was Governor here before he was President. Built on cattle and cotton, it now makes its money from oil and computing. Every state office is held by a Republican. 2000 result: Bush won by 21.32 per cent. UTAH (5 electoral college votes): Utah is the Mormon state, and the religious right has a strong grip on the country. It has the toughest anti-abortion laws in the US. It was the scene of Bush's widest margin of victory in 2000 and may be again this time. 2000 result: Bush won by 40.49 per cent. VIRGINIA (13 electoral college votes): The home of the National Rifle Association and the Christian Coalition, the state is divided between its conservative south and the Democrat voting suburbs to the north around Washington DC, which suffered after the dotcom bubble burst. Virginia has been Republican since 1968. Scenting defeat, Kerry scaled back his campaign here in early October. 2000 result: Bush won by 8.03 per cent. WYOMING (3 electoral college votes): This quiet, mid-Western state is cowboy country, although mining now plays as big a part in its economy as cattle. The home state of Dick Cheney, the Vice President, is the most staunchly Republican state in the US, giving Mr Bush his widest margin of victory in 2000. 2000 result: Bush won by 40.06 per cent. THE KERRY STATES CALIFORNIA (55 electoral college votes): America's richest state with the highest number of electoral college votes. Mr Bush spent millions on campaign advertising in an effort to turn California Republican in 2000 and lost heavily. Mr Gore spent nothing and won, even though nearly half a million left-wingers voted for Ralph Nader, the Green candidate. The new Governor, Arnold Schwarzenegger, may be a moderate Republican but that means little in the presidential race. Solid for Mr Kerry. 2000 result: Gore won by 11.8 per cent. CONNECTICUT (7 electoral college votes): This small and beautiful New England state is heavily populated by wealthy New York commuters. After voting Republican in the 1970s and 1980s, its Democratic tendencies have only been strengthened in the last few months by a corruption scandal which has led to John Rowland, the state's Republican former Governor and a good friend of the Bush family, being impeached. 2000 result: Gore won by 17.5 per cent. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA (3 electoral college votes): The urban area of Washington city does not lie in any US state, and as a result got the vote only in 1964. Its half a million people beat those in Massachusetts and Rhode Island to be the most staunchly Democratic anywhere in the USA. 2000 result: Gore won by 76.2 per cent. DELAWARE (3 electoral college votes): Used to be a bellwether state that picked the winning president, but after turning Democrat for Clinton in 1992 and 1996, last time it backed Gore heavily and lost. The state's wealth is largely based on the Du Pont family business empire, and on its status as a major financial centre. Very unlikely to change its mind and back Bush. 2000 result: Gore won by 13.1 per cent. HAWAII (4 electoral college votes): Used to be solidly Democrat, thanks to the heavily unionised workforce. Mr Bush has, however, been polling surprisingly well in this chain of beautiful islands characterised by volcanoes, rainforests and stunning beaches, as well as bustling cities. The Republicans showed they have ambitions here by dispatching Dick Cheney for a campaign tour last Friday. 2000 result: Gore won by 18.3 per cent. ILLINOIS (21 electoral college votes): One of the Rust Belt states in the American Midwest, whose heavy industry declined in the 1970s, Illinois has partially managed to reinvent itself. Once the ultimate swing state, it backed Kennedy in 1960 and Nixon in 1968. Now solidly Democrat, the large population around Chicago - an important manufacturing and services centre, which backs Mr Kerry - easily outnumbers the rural areas of the state, which vote Republican. 2000 result: Gore won by 12 per cent. MAINE (4 electoral college votes): Like many outlying regions, Maine has a tradition of independent politicians and cares about local personalities more than it does the party system. It will probably go with Mr Kerry. 2000 result: Gore won by 5.12 per cent MARYLAND (10 electoral college votes): This Eastern state surrounds the Chesapeake Bay, which once provided employment in fisheries. Maryland's large black and ethnic minority population traditionally back the Democrats. Many of the state's population are civil servants, either with the Social Security Administration which is based in Maryland or in neighbouring Washington DC. It was a surprise when Bush senior won Maryland in 1988 and Dubya is not expected to repeat the feat. 2000 result: Gore won by 16.4 per cent. MASSACHUSETTS (12 electoral college votes): This New England state and Democratic stronghold returns Mr Kerry as one of its senators. The other is Ted Kennedy, and the state is the home of the Kennedy clan. It was one of the few states to stay Democratic even during the Nixon landslide in 1972. 2000 result: Gore won by 27.3 per cent. NEW JERSEY (15 electoral college votes): Usually staunchly Democrat, this small seaside state next to New York has been riveted by the scandal which saw the resignation of its Democratic governor, James McGreevey, a married man father of two, after admitting a gay affair. Mr Bush has done much better than expected in the polls here, but Kerry is still expected to win. 2000 result: Gore won by 15.8 per cent. NEW YORK (31 electoral college votes): After September 11, Mr Bush fancied he stood a chance in New York, and spent a lot of time hanging out with firefighters. He is probably regarding this now as time wasted. If Mr Kerry doesn't get the presidency this time, then the junior New York senator, one Hillary Clinton, may be the Democratic torch-bearer in 2008. 2000 result: Gore won by 25 per cent. RHODE ISLAND (4 electoral college votes): The main industries of this small East Coast state are healthcare and tourism. Rhode Island may have a Republican governor, but it votes Democrat in presidential elections. 2000 result: Gore won by 29.1 per cent. VERMONT (3 electoral college votes): Ben and Jerry's ice cream is made in Vermont, and its quirky homemade appeal is typical of the state's ethos. Howard Dean, the long-time governor, was beaten to the Democratic nomination by Mr Kerry. If the population of this tiny, liberal, progressive New England state had the choice of a moderate Republican to vote for to take their revenge on Kerry, they might do it. As it is, they are expected to vote Democrat again. 2000 result: Gore won by 9.93 per cent. WASHINGTON (11 Electoral Votes): If Mr Bush can win Washington, then he's got a landslide on his hands. Its largest city, Seattle, is the hotbed of anti-globalisation, but the rest of the state is more evenly balanced between liberal coastal cities and Bush-leaning rural areas. Mr Nader grabbed around 4 per cent of the vote last time, and his decline should give the Democrats a useful cushion. 2000 result: Gore won by 5.58 per cent. 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