***************************************************************** 08/01/04 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 12.182 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 Detroit News: Saddam remains the only person responsible for the Ira 2 CounterPunch: Harold A. Gould: Was Iraq a Mutual Charade? 3 UK Independent: Scarlett asked for 'lies' in WMD report 4 Xinhuanet: DPRK urges US to fulfill promise on nuclear issue 5 TheStar.com - Energy crisis ahead 6 US: Federal Bureau of Incompetence - The shameful treatment of Sibel 7 US: Seattle Post-Intelligencer: Spinning 16 words into basis for war 8 Scotsman.com News: Nuclear Weapons Inspectors Descend on British Uni 9 Scotsman.com: Scarlett 'Asked Experts to Harden Weapons Hunt Report' 10 AFP: Lifted: Nuclear parts freeze - 11 UK The Observer: Spies, lies and blowing raspberries 12 IndiaExpress: India needs nuclear submarines, says new Naval Chief NUCLEAR REACTORS 13 US: Hanford nuclear power plant remains under shutdown 14 BBC: Belarus deports Chernobyl expert 15 Sunday Herald: British Chernobyl scientist deported 16 US: DenverPost.com: Nuclear power helps environment 17 US: The Advocate: Governor may seek to add independent observer to i NUCLEAR SAFETY 18 US: Anchorage Daily News: Geiger counters silent for now, but resear 19 SF Chronicle: Nuclear horror still haunts Hiroshima 20 AU NINEMSN: Army exercises could harm environment 21 US: SF Chronicle: The fuel that nightmares are made of NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 22 Las Vegas SUN: Editorial: The real deception 23 Las Vegas SUN: Columnist Jeff German: Differences on Yucca 24 Las Vegas SUN: Where I Stand -- Brian Greenspun: Hope for Nevada 25 US: Lodinews: City of Lodi eyes federal funding for pollution cleanu 26 RGJ: Experts shift view on cask corrosion at Yucca project 27 RGJ: Despite everything, feds move forward in Yucca 28 US: Spectrum: Delegation must stand up for Utahns - Opinion - 29 Nevada Appeal: Scientists shift view on cask corrosion at Yucca 30 US: The Reporter: Transporting nuclear waste makes no sense for anyo 31 US: CA DTSC: Perchlorate What is Perchlorate? 32 Newsday: Settlement allows for waste cleanup 33 US: PE.com CLEANUP: A federal agency declines to put the qualifying 34 UK Independent: BNFL aims to throw veil of secrecy over the movement NUCLEAR WEAPONS 35 SD Union-Tribune: Finding peace in Hiroshima 36 Japan Times: Antinuke group aims at North Korea US DEPT. OF ENERGY 37 IPC: Dimona Radiation Sickness - Nuclear Disaster Looms? 38 Hanford News: Portland wants halt to Hanford shipments 39 Hanford News: Changes made at Fluor Hanford 40 Hanford News: Portland wants halt to Hanford shipments 41 SF Chronicle: Lapses at labs go back decades 42 SF Chronicle: The town that gave birth to The Bomb 43 The Enquirer: Fernald hold costing $9,000 a day 44 Tri-Valley Herald: Los Alamos lab's security appears great on paper 45 UK Independent: examines role of visiting UK researchers OTHER NUCLEAR 46 Google News Alert - nuclear 47 Google News Alert - nuclear 48 [du-list] DU in the news - 31st July 04 49 [du-list] In that last DU in the news.... 50 [du-list] DU in the news 1st August 04 51 SF Chronicle: Cold fusion researcher gets an academic cold shoulder ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Detroit News: Saddam remains the only person responsible for the Iraq war 08/01/04 By Nolan Finley / The Detroit News [Nolan Finley] The cast in the war on Iraq blame game is getting quite crowded. Tony Blair joined the ensemble recently, when a British report concluded pretty much the same thing that a congressional report found earlier, that the intelligence used to build the case for the invasion was faulty. Blair joins his good friend George W. Bush, and Bush’s former CIA chief, George Tenet, in getting tagged for what’s increasingly characterized as an unnecessary war. Missing from the credits is Saddam Hussein, the now-jailed Iraqi dictator who did everything in the world to make it look like he was hiding weapons of mass destruction and seeking even more deadly ones. The great unanswered question of the Iraq war is this: If Saddam didn’t have the weapons Bush, Blair and almost everyone else, including the United Nations, accused him of having, why did he pretend he did? Why would he allow hellfire to rain down on his regime and let himself be chased into a rat hole if there were no weapons? Did Saddam really think he could defeat the United States and Great Britain with an army that was even weaker than the one the allies rolled up like a carpet in 1991? Or did he simply have a death wish? Before the war, Saddam was given fair warning: Comply with the U.N. resolutions that ended the first Gulf War, account for all weapons programs and allow the U.N. inspectors free range of the country. Under the 1991 U.N. resolution, Iraq promised inspectors unrestricted access. It also vowed to get rid of all weapons of mass destruction, as well as its long-range missiles, and show proof of their dismantling. Instead of complying, Iraq obfuscated and obstructed. For four years before the invasion was threatened, U.N. inspectors had no access to the country, despite repeated warnings. In November of 2002, the United Nations approved yet another resolution demanding that Iraq comply with its previous resolutions and allow inspectors unfettered access. Still Saddam refused. Now, the best available evidence suggests that he had little to hide. After nearly a year-and-a-half of poking around the country, no significant weapons of mass destruction have been found or any trace of a nuclear weapons program. Perhaps they’re still out there buried in the desert. Or maybe they really were shipped at the last minute to Syria. But the fact remains that the entire world believed Saddam had those weapons before the invasion, believed it enough for the United Nations to pass a resolution demanding that he cough them up. The belief was based on more than just faulty intelligence from U.S. and British spies. Saddam Hussein was acting like a guilty man, and sometimes if you act guilty enough, long enough, you get punished. If it turns out the war wasn’t needed, fingers will be pointed at a lot of people. Bush and Blair may have miscalculated. Tenet may have done sloppy work. But all Saddam had to do to stop the bombs from falling was to open the doors of his country as he promised. His failure to keep his word invited the invasion. Weapons or no, the responsibility for the war falls on Saddam’s head. Nolan Finley is editorial page editor of The Detroit News. Reach him at nfinley@detnews.comor (313) 222-2064.; * Watch Nolan Finley at 2 p.m. Sunday and 5:30 p.m. Friday on “Am I Right?” on WTVS-TV (Channel 56). The Detroit News. ***************************************************************** 2 CounterPunch: Harold A. Gould: Was Iraq a Mutual Charade? July 31, 2004 Bush's Bloody Put-Up Job By HAROLD A. GOULD A recent article by a Washington Post staff writer (Dana Priest, July 12th) provides vivid evidence to support what most astute observers and analysts of the causes for the Iraq War always knew down deep in their hearts to be true. That the invasion was essentially a put-up job concocted by a Bush administration eager to enhance its shaky legitimacy in the eyes of the American public following its dubious victory in the 2000 presidential election, and the shattering impact of 9/11. Based upon a comparison between the content of a classified report on the Iraqi regime which the CIA provided to the US Congress in September, 2002, and a White Paper released to the public in October of that year, Priest concludes that the CIA exaggerated and distorted the evidence it had given to Congress just days earlier... The documents and their interpretation make it painfully clear that, despite pious denials to the contrary emanating from the White House, the Pentagon, the State Department, and indeed the CIA itself, cooked the data in such a manner as to make Saddam Hussain appear to be the greatest danger to Western Civilization since Attila the Hun, or perhaps more contemporaneously, Josef Stalin. Basically, this was accomplished by parsing words between the confidential and public reports. Repeatedly, notes Priest, the CIA hedged its bets in the confidential report on how solid the evidence really was on whether the Iraqis possessed WMD, had stockpiles of chemical warfare substances, were really close to achieving a nuclear capability, had substantial links to Al Qaeda, or indeed had sufficiently rebuilt their armed forces following Iraq s defeat in the First Gulf War to constitute a significant military threat to her immediate neighbors let alone the United States. Put simply, the CIA s doubts and hedges in the form of such qualifiers as we judge or we assess had the effect in the public report of making the best estimates appear as facts. Testimony by other witnesses to the events leading up to the Iraq war clearly confirm these perceptions of caveat manipulation employed as a means of telling an administration that had made up its mind to wage a preemptive war against Iraq what it wanted to hear. Richard Clark, in his public testimony and in his powerful book, Against all Enemies, describes President Bush and Vice-President Cheney pressuring intelligence operatives to come up with evidence of significant conspiratorial links between bin Laden and Hussein despite repeated insistence that none had been found and indeed none existed. But Mr. President, Al Qaeda did this, declared Clark right after 9/11. I know, I know, Mr. Bush replied, but see if Saddam was involved. The obvious point is that the top ranks of the Bush administration, certainly Mr. Bush himself, were obsessed with establishing a publically acceptable basis for launching a preemptive war against Iraq, and if this required distorting and falsifying the evidence, then so be it. Undoubtedly, there was a smug assumption that subsequent disparities between fact and fiction, should they arise, could be fixed . Mr. Bush s current campaign rhetoric is attempting to accomplish this very purpose even as we speak, The rest is history, as the time-worn cliche goes. But there is an angle to this almost Shakespearean saga of tragedy and evil which thus far seems to have eluded everyone. There is strong evidence that Saddam Hussain clearly engaged in a colossal bluff; that in fact he was attempting to have his strategic cake and eat it. It was successful for nearly a decade because American intelligence, and indeed the UN s as well, was so abominable that they were unable to expose it. If this turns out to be true, as I believe it will, Saddam s bluff worked very well indeed up to a point, but in the end it turned out to be the most counterproductive charade in history. For it proved to be so successful that it set him up for George Bush s counter-charade namely, handing Bush the justification he sought for launching a preemptive war on Iraq! Let it be recalled that following Iraq s capitulation in 1991, Saddam Hussein agreed to limited disarmament, most particularly with respect to whatever Weapons of Mass Destruction he allegedly possessed. The process of WMD destruction was to take place under the auspices of United Nations supervision. The agency created for this purpose was the United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM). The long and short of this undertaking was that no matter how many tons of weapons and missiles were unearthed and destroyed, Saddam continued to sustain an atmosphere of obstruction and grudging acquiescence. From 1991 until UN inspectors were withdrawn, just prior to President Clinton s punitive missile strikes, designed to punish the Hussain regime for refusing to cooperate fully with the inspection process, a large quantity of WMD ordinance had already been successfully unearthed and destroyed. This was attested by numerous inspectors even while nevertheless complaining that the Iraqis continued to deny access to sites, such as Saddam s palaces, where it was alleged that more banned materials might be concealed. Men like Richard Butler, the outspoken Australian official on the inspection team, no doubt abetted the mounting anxieties of the Clinton administration until it drove them to take some form of military action. Saddam kept the pot boiling as it were by making it appear that he remained a dangerous adversary even as his capacity to be really dangerous was substantially melting away. What made it possible for him to have it both ways was his success in convincing the US and his Middle East neighborhood generally that he still had stocks of weaponry salted away in remote caves and other secret places. So successfully, in fact, that U.S. and British intelligence indicated that Iraq was hiding other programs, notably its nuclear weapons effort. (Clarke, p. 67.) The point is that this by-play between Saddam Hussain, the US, and the UN perpetuated an atmosphere of doubt and ambiguity concerning how much of a regional military threat Iraq actually was. By adopting this defiant posture toward the regimen of inspections and sanctions deemed essential by the international community, while apparently not in fact either retaining or acquiring significant quantities of WMD, Saddam, to repeat, was able to have his strategic cake and eat it. His intransigence, his defiance, his token saber-rattling (e.g., firing at the allied aircraft enforcing the no-fly zones ), against the background of his earlier use of WMD against the Iranians and the Kurds, and despite his defeat in the first Gulf war, enabled him to carry out this colossal bluff. He was willing to pay the price in the form of lost oil revenues, economic sanctions and great suffering by his people in order to maintain a posture that garnered what to him were two worthwhile assets: It enabled him to sustain the image of Iraq as a regional power, and it enabled him to retain his image as a leading figure in the radical Arab movement. 9/11 and the ascendancy of George W. Bush and his neo-conservative entourage in Washington were destined to transform Saddam s carefully nurtured fantasy world into a house of horrors. Saddam suddenly was confronted with a regime that had singled him out for destruction from the moment it assumed office and immediately set out to find excuses for doing so. The fact is that even had the Bush administration either known or suspected that Saddam was deceiving everybody, and indeed they might have known had their intelligence capabilities not been so inept, it would not have mattered to them. However the actual situation came about, they wanted it that way. Richard Clarke, who served at the highest levels in the Reagan, Clinton and Bush administrations as a counter-terrorism specialist, says that he learned to his horror that Rumsfeld and Wolfowitz [from the outset] were going to take advantage of this national tragedy [9/11] to promote their agenda about Iraq. He was told by friends in the Pentagon that we would be invading Iraq sometime in 2002. (p. 30) Saddam Hussain's vaunted guile simply played into the hands, or shall we say the heads, of people who matched his own guile with a vengeance! There is a saying in India which I once heard in the gangetic countryside: A fool and a horn are both played by blowing on them! What led to Iraq was a cacophonic symphony of mutual horn-blowing ! Harold Gould is a Visiting Scholar in the Center for South Asian Studies at the University of Virginia. http://www.counterpunch.org ***************************************************************** 3 UK Independent: Scarlett asked for 'lies' in WMD report By Andrew Woodcock 02 August 2004 The new head of MI6 tried to persuade weapons inspectors in Iraq to harden up a report on their hunt for weapons of mass destruction, it was claimed yesterday. John Scarlett suggested that the Iraq Survey Group report should include claims about Saddam Hussein's supposed arsenals - which had already been proven unreliable, an unnamed member of the ISG was quoted as saying in The Mail on Sunday. Mr Scarlett - who takes up his role as head of the secret intelligence service this week - sent a confidential email to the head of the ISG on 8 March with a list of 10 "golden nuggets" for possible inclusion in the report, it was claimed. His suggestions were rejected. But after pressure from the US and Britain, the ISG produced only a bland, 20-page document about the failure of their 1,400-strong team to find any trace of WMD in Iraq, rather than the expected 200-page analysis, The Mail on Sunday said. The Foreign Office declined to comment in detail on the allegations, referring questions on the ISG report to the organisation itself. Among the "nuggets" supposedly put forward by Mr Scarlett were claims that Saddam had a secret smallpox programme, that Iraq had developed mobile chemical weapons laboratories and that it possessed or was building a "rail gun" as part of a nuclear project. ISG officials were said to be "stunned and dismayed" by the request.The ISG member was quoted as saying: "Inclusion of Scarlett's nuggets would have been grossly manipulative of the truth. Let's face it, he wanted us to include lies. "Everything Scarlett wanted in was based on very old evidence which we had painstakingly investigated and shown to be false," he said. UK Independent Ltd. ***************************************************************** 4 Xinhuanet: DPRK urges US to fulfill promise on nuclear issue www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2004-07-31 23:25:21 PYONGYANG, July 31 (Xinhuanet) -- The Democratic People's Republicof Korea (DPRK) Saturday urged the United States to fulfill its promise and stick to the principle of "words for words" and "action for action" in order to solve the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula. "The US attitude towards the principle of 'words for words' and'action for action' will serve as a touchstone of its true stance towards the nuclear issue," said a signed commentary in the country's state-run paper Rodong Sinmun. "The Bush administration is making much fuss pressing the DPRK to dismantle its nuclear weapons program, raising a hue and cry over the 'danger' of its nuclear development," said the commentary. "Now that the DPRK has clarified its goal for denuclearization,the US should commit itself to abandoning its hostile policy towards the DPRK," the commentary continued. As the first phase of proof of its commitment, the US should "lift economic sanctions and blockades against the country, erase it from the list of 'sponsors of terrorism' and provide the DPRK with two million kilowatts of electricity in energy aid," it said. In order to find an appropriate solution to the nuclear crisis on the Korean Peninsula, the six parties of the DPRK, the Republicof Korea, China, Japan, Russia and the US have met three times in Beijing. In the latest round of the six-party talks on June 23-26 the convening parties reached consensus on the first phase of the denuclearization on the Korean Peninsula by agreeing to a step-by-step process of "words for words" and "action for action" in the search for a peaceful solution to the nuclear issue. Enditem Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 5 TheStar.com - Energy crisis ahead Sun. Aug. 1, 2004. | Updated at 05:00 PM HAROON SIDDIQUI Whether or not Iraq was invaded for oil — it surely wasn't for dates or even democracy — the mess America has made of the occupation has sent oil corporations rushing off to Libya. Just as Saddam Hussein was the darling of Washington before being deemed a demon, Moammar Gadhafi, yesterday's bette noir, is today's hero. American businessmen, mostly from George W. Bush's native Texas, are in Tripoli eyeing oil concessions. Halliburton, the company Dick Cheney worked for, is there. So is Petro-Canada. This black gold rush, however, does not represent a new hope so much as another desperate bid to stave off the coming crisis in renewable resources. The crisis is coming sooner than predicted by the experts quoted in a four-part series in the Star this past week. It's coming this decade, according to a contrarian who has been prescient on the subject. We know oil prices are at a record high. Production has peaked. No major new fields are being discovered. We are running out of oil, except in the Middle East and parts of Africa. Natural gas has doubled in price in a year. A regional commodity that became continental will soon be traded worldwide, like oil: bought on one continent and sold in another, given the needs of North America. That means huge Liquefied Natural Gas tankers. And LNG ports and depots. About 10 each on the East Coast, the West Coast and the Gulf Coast. "LNG tankers and re-gassification terminals are the worst thing imaginable, from a security aspect," says Ed Schreyer. "One bullet by a terrorist, and you'd have a catastrophe." The former governor-general has had a lifelong interest in energy policy. When he was premier of Manitoba (1969-77), his wife Lily used to say that his bedtime reading consisted of Manitoba Hydro tomes. Schreyer kept informed while at Rideau Hall (1979-84) and in the next four years as high commissioner to Australia. He has since been teaching the subject at Canadian and German universities, being fluent in German. Recently, he was at Queen's University in Belfast, delivering the Eaton Lecture, named after Timothy, who came to Canada from a village near that campus. In his Belfast address, and in two phone conversations from his native Winnipeg, Schreyer warned of a "disaster of truly epic proportions." He is no prophet of doom. But he sees clear dangers. We are entering the end of the 100-year era of oil, he says. "We are 10 minutes to midnight," notwithstanding "the `horn of plenty' school of unbounded optimists" or those pinning their hopes on new techniques of extraction. "Capital put into an old and exhausted field is like buying the Brooklyn Bridge." Oil will still be around for another 50 years, he says. But "almost anytime soon, perhaps in this decade ... supply and demand will be out of balance and so will price  and so will almost everything else that makes for a stable society and civilization." The coming "chaos and misery" would grind transportation to a halt, of course, but also industry and agriculture. Food production is so dependent on oil  for mechanization, fertilization, herbicides, pesticides, feedlots, poultry and hog factories  that high prices and sporadic supply would have "the makings of a breakdown in the chain of food supply." Natural gas won't rescue us. Its overuse has led to depletion. So much so that the post-Sept. 11 assumption made by George W. Bush and Jean Chrétien, that Canada would be a backup source of gas for America, has proven to be an illusion. Tellingly, the Bush administration has not complained, as it has a right to do under the North American Free Trade Agreement. It realizes, says Schreyer, that "the Canadian tar sands are strategically more important to its future needs than gas." But the tar sands themselves are problematic. They need massive amounts of natural gas both to produce and to process. Yet Canadians remain "blissfully ignorant" of all this, as also of the environmental degradation we are causing. Paul Martin has already conceded that "we have no plan" that would enable us to implement the Kyoto protocol despite signing it. "There's no let-up in fossil dependency, nor supply, nor CO2 escalation," says Schreyer. "This is courting disaster  a form of irrational behaviour or collective madness." He also bemoans the "infighting and complete lack of goodwill and co-operation" among environmentalists and proponents of solar, hydro, wind and other forms of energy. "Many disparage and poor-mouth all renewable energy sources other than their own preference. Every duck praises its own slough. It's often a weird scenario, as though players of the same team and uniform prefer to attack each other instead of their opponents." While environmentalists have done great service, Schreyer says, some have been "simplistic, aggressive and irrational" in holding back hydro or nuclear energy. Meanwhile, Ontario Hydro's flirtation with deregulation has been disastrous: "The once impressive flagship of Canadian utilities in now half way up some ill-defined hill and stalled out." What should be done, beyond ringing alarm bells? Develop more hydraulic energy, a third more than the current total  especially in Ontario, Quebec and Manitoba. Have a "sober and rational debate" on nuclear energy, and develop more of it. Get serious about solar and wind, the latter along coastlines, mountain passes and the plains. Build a national electricity grid. It would "cost a hell of a lot less than another gas pipeline." Promote electric and hybrid-electric cars, for which the technology is already here. For three years, Schreyer has been using cars powered by battery and gasoline. The engine shuts off when the car stops. You get going by pushing the electric pedal. As you gain speed, the gasoline engine takes over. Toyota and Honda have led the way with these cars. Yet in North America, the buzz has been over hydrogen and the fuel cell, neither of which makes much sense to Schreyer. There are only two ways to get hydrogen: splitting the water molecule through electrolysis (expensive) or stripping it away from natural gas ("What for? Natural gas does virtually the same thing as hydrogen.") As for the fuel cell, "that's at least 20 years away." Perhaps that's the key, Schreyer says. It lulls us into postponing the long process of ending our dependence on oil and gas. Why have politicians and policy makers been complicit? The Bush-Cheney connection to big oil and gas is self-explanatory. As for Chrétien  he was big on the fuel cell  and others, Schreyer thinks they have been misled and "have not taken the time to inform themselves." His hope is that "political leadership would, in due course, run from behind to catch up with public opinion." Legal Notice: Copyright Toronto Star Newspapers Limited. All ***************************************************************** 6 Federal Bureau of Incompetence - The shameful treatment of Sibel Edmonds proves the FBI's urgent need for reform. By Fred Kaplan Posted Thursday, July 29, 2004, at 2:55 PM PT Two news reports today illustrate how far we are from getting real reforms in our methods of spotting and stopping terrorists. The first story, on the AP wire, notes how gently the 9/11 commission treated the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Yes, the bureau screwed up as badly as any other agency prior to the attacks of Sept. 11, commission chairman Thomas Kean allowed. But the new FBI director, Robert Mueller, is moving in the right direction—"doing exactly the right thing," as Kean put it—so the final report came down lightly on him. The second story, in the New York Times, notes that the FBI and the Justice Department are keeping a tight seal of secrecy around the case of Sibel Edmonds, despite the inspector general's finding that Edmonds was fired from the FBI at least in part because she'd accused the bureau of incompetence in the war on terror. Edmonds was a contract linguist for the FBI—translating material from Turkish, Persian, and Azerbaijani—who was dismissed in 2002 after complaining that the bureau's staff linguists had poorly translated important pieces of intelligence on terrorism, before and after Sept. 11. She also charged that one of these linguists had blocked the translation of material that implicated an acquaintance who had come under FBI suspicion. For her repeated efforts, Edmonds was not only dismissed, she was also barred from testifying in a lawsuit brought by family members of 9/11 victims. The Justice Department further prohibited her from speaking out anywhere about her own case. All facts about her job at the FBI, even which languages she translated, were declared "state secrets." Until recently, to the extent that FBI spokesmen commented at all about why Edmonds was dismissed, they said only that she'd been "disruptive" (probably true, as far as it goes). However, the story in today's Times reveals that the Justice Department's inspector general has concluded that Edmonds' allegations "were at least a contributing factor in why the FBI terminated her services." How did Mueller, the much-lauded FBI director, respond to this finding? He wrote a letter to the Senate Judiciary Committee, noting that he was "concerned" about the inspector general's conclusion but also pleased that the IG "had not concluded that the FBI retaliated against Ms. Edmonds when it terminated her services on April 2, 2002." Huh? I suppose the phrase "at least a contributing factor in why the FBI terminated her services" is not precisely synonymous with a point-blank verdict that "the FBI retaliated against Ms. Edmonds when it terminated her services." But it's close enough. If the IG's report were a piece of intelligence, I'd say it was "actionable." What action is Mueller taking? He told the Senate Judiciary Committee that he will, in the Times' words, work "to determine whether any employees should be disciplined as a result"—which, by the way, is not the same as making any such determination or actually disciplining anyone as a result. But will he welcome Edmonds back to the bureau with open arms, place her in a supervisory post among its cadre of linguists, or encourage analysts in all its branches to emulate her example? No, no, and no. The case, and Edmonds herself, are still under a court seal from the highest law-enforcement authority in our land. What does all this have to do with the prospects for success in America's war on terrorism? Plenty. One big lesson of the 9/11 commission's report is that our government failed to disrupt al-Qaida's attack plan—failed to connect the many dots on the horizon—because of a lack of incentives. As I wrotehere, in a summary of the report last week, "It turns out that many individuals, panels, and agencies had predicted an attack uncannily similar to what happened on Sept. 11, 2001. The problem was that nobody in a position of power felt compelled to do anything about it." In the next few days or weeks, President George W. Bush will probably sign an executive order implementing some of the bureaucratic changes that the report recommends. (Better three years late than never 
) However, bureaucratic changes will have limited impact unless a new system of rewards and penalties—a new system of incentives—is also put in place. For linguists and other analysts looking at what happened to Sibel Edmonds, the system of rewards and penalties is all too clear. The lesson they draw: Keep your head down; just do your job; if you see others doing their job badly, even if to the detriment of national security, don't get involved. Fred Kaplan writes the "War Stories" column for Slate. More war stories Federal Bureau of Incompetence The shameful treatment of Sibel Edmonds proves the FBI's urgent need for reform. posted July 29, 2004 Fred Kaplan We're Losing the Arms Race With North Korea What's the optimal number of anti-missile missiles? None. posted July 27, 2004 Fred Kaplan Show Me the Money The 9/11 commission's report is superb, but will it change anything? posted July 22, 2004 Fred Kaplan Berger With a Side of Secret Documents Is he a criminal or a klutz? posted July 21, 2004 Fred Kaplan Bush's Foreign Fantasy The president thinks the world is safer than it was three years ago. Which world is he living in? posted July 16, 2004 Fred Kaplan Search for more War Stories in our archive. ©2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Terms ***************************************************************** 7 Seattle Post-Intelligencer: Spinning 16 words into basis for war [seattlepi.com] Sunday, August 1, 2004 SEATTLE POST-INTELLIGENCER EDITORIAL BOARD The Bush administration's mishandling of Iraqi weapons issues remains a national embarrassment. No spinning of isolated facts in recent reports can change the erroneous grounds for war. The administration's defenders would love to change the discourse. Some think discrediting former Ambassador Joseph Wilson is the key. Wilson raised important early doubts about the administration's judgment on Iraqi weapons in a July 2003 article about his mission to check accusations that Iraq tried to buy uranium from Niger. The administration quickly admitted that the accusation never should have been included in President Bush's State of the Union speech. Still, using a trail of statements, findings and interpretation, critics now suggest Wilson should apologize. Some serious people still legitimately feel there could have been an Iraqi purchase inquiry. The critics mistake disagreements for dishonesty. A Senate Intelligence Committee report raises some doubts about the importance of Wilson's trip and his recollections. The committee found Wilson's report "unimpressive" and "ambiguous" -- not at all the smoking gun. Wilson also was wrong in assuming his information went to Vice President Dick Cheney; but the report says Cheney should have been briefed. Beyond that, Wilson can appear self-promotional, and caustic, even bombastic, as critics gleefully trumpet. But, much as they might wish, his personality isn't the issue. Still, Wilson's information was important. His skepticism should have helped the administration better answer questions about Iraq and its weapons' program. GOP senators' claims that Wilson's wife, CIA agent Valerie Plame, suggested him for the job rests on modest evidence; there's more substantial evidence to the contrary. In any case, a suggestion wouldn't have been improper. The fuss is largely irrelevant. Even if the Niger incident should prove belatedly true, it didn't amount to an imminent danger to the United States. As best anyone can tell, the alleged weapons threats just aren't there. That's the administration's central embarrassment, but perhaps not the last tied to this issue. A criminal probe into the leaking of Plame's identity continues. Back to top [Seattle Post-Intelligencer] 101 Elliott Ave. W. Seattle, WA 98119 (206) 448-8000 Send comments to newmedia@seattlepi.com ©1996-2004 Seattle Post-Intelligencer Terms of Service/Privacy Policy ***************************************************************** 8 Scotsman.com News: Nuclear Weapons Inspectors Descend on British University Sat 31 Jul 2004 By John von Radowitz, Science Correspondent, PA News A British university is providing a practice centre for nuclear weapons inspectors from around the world. The unique facility at the University of Leicester will help enforce the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, which prohibits nuclear tests. Experts from Europe, southern Africa, India and China have converged on the Environmental Geophysics Test Site at Oadby to train and try out their equipment. Beneath a few hundred square metres of turf at the site lie an assortment of tubes, beams, sheets, spheres and cubes made of metal, concrete, brick and plastic, as well as underground cavities. The structures provide “targets” on which to practice finding hidden evidence of nuclear tests. They range from the size of a golf ball to pits 10 metres long and two metres deep. Dr Ian Hill, from the university’s Department of Geology, said: “Each structure on the site is defined in detail with plan and section drawings as necessary. The targets comprise a variety of different shapes and sizes of objects made from different materials. People will be using equipment to locate and map the objects.” The inspectors, from the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organisation based in Vienna, will be at Leicester until August 6. Dr Hill added: “An essential part of the inspection procedure is to perform geophysical surveys to detect underground structures and artefacts that may be related to a nuclear test. “These would comprise a subsurface cavity from an explosion, and the pipes, electrical cables and similar structures in the near-surface for the measurement equipment necessary for a test.” ***************************************************************** 9 Scotsman.com: Scarlett 'Asked Experts to Harden Weapons Hunt Report' Sun 1 Aug 2004 By Andrew Woodcock, Political Correspondent, PA News The new head of secret intelligence service MI6 tried to persuade weapons inspectors in Iraq to harden up a report on their hunt for weapons of mass destruction, it was claimed today. An unnamed member of the Iraqi Survey Group is quoted in the Mail on Sunday as saying John Scarlett suggested that their report should include details of claims about Saddam Hussein’s supposed arsenals – which had already been proven unreliable. Mr Scarlett – who takes up his role as head of MI6 this week – sent a confidential email to the head of the ISG on March 8 this year with a list of 10 “golden nuggets” for possible inclusion in the report, it was claimed. In the event, his suggestions were rejected, but pressure from the US and UK led to the ISG producing only a bland 20-page document rather than a detailed 200-page analysis of the failure of their 1,400-strong team to find any trace of WMD in Iraq, the Mail on Sunday said. The Foreign Office declined to comment in detail on the allegations, saying only: “The ISG is an entirely independent body which issues independent reports, and any questions about the content of their reports should be addressed to the ISG.” Among the so-called “nuggets” supposedly put forward by Mr Scarlett were claims that Saddam had a secret smallpox programme, that Iraq had developed mobile chemical weapons laboratories and that the country possessed or was building a “rail gun” as part of a nuclear project. Respected investigative journalist Tom Mangold – a friend of UK weapons inspector David Kelly, who killed himself last year after being exposed as the source of stories casting doubt on Government claims about Iraqi WMD – said that he had been informed that ISG officials were “stunned and dismayed” by the request. He quoted the unnamed ISG insider as saying: “Inclusion of Scarlett’s nuggets would have been grossly manipulative of the truth. In fact, let’s face it, he wanted us to include lies. “This was a blatant attempt by the highly influential and respected British intelligence chief to insert material into our report which we knew for a hard fact was totally untrue. “Everything Scarlett wanted in was based on very old evidence which we had painstakingly investigated and shown to be false.” If genuine, the alleged email would have been sent while Mr Scarlett was head of the Joint Intelligence Committee, which advises the Prime Minister on intelligence matters. It would have been sent just weeks after Lord Hutton cleared the Government of “sexing up” the evidence of Saddam’s WMD in its notorious September 2002 dossier, which was signed off by Mr Scarlett in his role as JIC head. At the time, both US president George Bush and Prime Minister Tony Blair had just set up inquiries into the failings of intelligence on Iraqi WMD in the run-up to war, following the announcement of outgoing ISG head David Kay that he did not believe weapons stockpiles would be found. Mr Mangold’s anonymous source said that the man who replaced Dr Kay, Charles Duelfer, had asked for each of Mr Scarlett’s “nuggets” to be investigated in full. But he said that inspectors persuaded him that their inclusion in the report would be “dishonest, deceitful and eventually disastrous”. The insider said: “It was a deliberate attempt – I hate using this term – to ‘sex up’ our already truncated and rotten 20 pages. It was so blatant, a deliberate attempt to mislead the world for purely political reasons.” ***************************************************************** 10 AFP: Lifted: Nuclear parts freeze - AUG 2, 2004 TEHERAN - Iran announced it has resumed making parts for centrifuges used for enriching uranium, dealing a fresh blow to European efforts to contain its nuclear programme. Although Foreign Minister Kamal Kharazi asserted Iran was committed to a suspension of enrichment, he said 'no country has the right to deprive us of nuclear technology'. 'We are still continuing with the suspension of enrichment that we agreed to last year' with the European Union's so-called 'big three' - Britain, France and Germany - Mr Kharazi told reporters. 'During a meeting in Brussels in February, we decided to expand this suspension to making parts for centrifuges. But since the Europeans failed to meet their commitments...we have now started manufacturing centrifuge parts,' he said. Centrifuges are used to enrich uranium. Iran says it only wants to produce fuel for an atomic energy programme, but highly enriched uranium can also be used for weapons. Iran denies it is trying to acquire the bomb. -- AFP to The Straits Times print edition today. In it you ***************************************************************** 11 UK The Observer: Spies, lies and blowing raspberries [UP] The Prime Minister has quoted intelligence sources that just don't exist Brian Jones Sunday August 1, 2004 The Observer I seem to recall an episodic sketch run by the incomparable Two Ronnies about 'The Phantom Raspberry Blower of Old London Town'. The hunt for the perpetrator assumed the proportions of that for Jack the Ripper because the 'raspberry' was so effective in exposing the Victorian establishment's worst excesses. The raspberry remains an effective weapon for the exposure of nonsense and the deflation of overblown establishment egos. It was in response to the Prime Minister's assertion that 'the threat [from Iraq's WMD] is current and serious' that John Morrison thought he 'could almost hear the collective raspberry going up around Whitehall'. Morrison was a career intelligence analyst in the Ministry of Defence with wide experience of the British intelligence community in 1995. When he retired in 1999 he took up a part-time post as the Intelligence and Security Committee's 'investigator'. When he used the word 'raspberry' in his interview for Panorama 's 'A Failure of Intelligence' he cut right through the layers of confusion and hype to the very heart of the government's Iraq problem. Even if the intelligence community had 'established beyond doubt' that Saddam had continued to produce chemical and biological weapons, which it had not, that could not be translated into a threat that could only be dealt with by war. When pressed that the Prime Minister's argument was about a risk Saddam might use them, at least regionally, and we would inevitably get sucked into such a conflagration and thus there was a threat to British interests anyway, Morrison replied succinctly: 'No, that's piling supposition upon supposition.' A deeply held respect for the intelligence process led me and, I believe, John Morrison, to comment publicly on these matters, for we are not natural allies. We had known each other since I joined the Defence Intelligence Staff in the 1980s and from the mid 1990s he had been my boss. We shared a respect for one another's professionalism but had intense disagreements on management and organisational issues that were never resolved. After his retirement in 1999 we did not keep in touch. I was, therefore, surprised and delighted at his contribution to the Panorama programme for which I was interviewed independently. I contacted him after it was broadcast to thank him for the kind things he had said about me. A few days later I called him again because I had heard rumours that, as an act of reprisal, he was to lose his job supporting the ISC. He told me that he had heard nothing of this, and doubted that it could be anything more than mischief. Although he had studiously avoided any mention of his association with the ISC, he had advised both the chair and clerk of the committee of his impending action and there had been no suggestion that he should not proceed. He mentioned that his contract ran until April 2005 and that he expected to fulfil it. Timing is all, and notice of the curtailment of John Morrison's employment did not emerge until after the House had risen and the Prime Minister had conducted his inevitably difficult end-of-term press conference. There has been some late scrambling to deny any association of the decision with Morrison's comments on Panorama and both the Cabinet Office and Number 10 have sought to suggest that his contract comes to a natural end in October. Unfortunately, the raspberry is an area-effect rather than a precision weapon. It is therefore difficult to discern which of those caught up in its fallout decided to retaliate. Perhaps there was an alliance of all concerned. The ISC, with its reputation diminished, can ill afford to lose high quality advice. It is worth focusing on this word 'threat' that led the nation into battle. It is one that comes very easily to the Prime Minister's lips but is more difficult for intelligence analysts. At his last monthly press conference before the summer recess, according to my count, Mr Blair used the word seven times. 'It was absolutely clear from those [Joint Intelligence Committee] assessments what [their] judgments were ... that Iraq posed a threat both in terms of chemical and biological weapons and the continuing nuclear weapons programme,' he said. In the first place I did not understand quite what threat was being referred to and, second, I could not recall that the JIC papers he referred to and which were produced before I retired, made any judgments at all about 'the threat'. To show that he was right, the Prime Minister urged us to go back and read the JIC assessments reproduced in the Butler report which he had started to read out in the House of Commons. I did so and could not find the word 'threat'. In the House the PM quoted from the JIC of 9 September 2002. This was an unusual paper because in examining possible scenarios for Iraqi use of chemical and biological weapons the assumption that they existed was implicit. Even then, the point at which repeated interruptions stopped him reading was significant. The very next key judgment got as close as any in defining a 'threat'. It said: 'The use of chemical and biological weapons prior to any [US-led] military attack ... is unlikely.' The absence of any real threat was recognised at least in some parts of Number 10 since, thanks to Lord Hutton, we know of Jonathan Powell's comment to the chairman of the JIC as late as 17 September on a draft of the dossier. I do not know to what extent his view was informed by JIC papers or access to the most sensitive new intelligence but it is unambiguous. 'First, the document does nothing to demonstrate a threat, let alone an imminent threat from Saddam. In other words it shows he has the means but it does not demonstrate that he has the motive to attack his neighbours, let alone the West.' But these arguments are complex, underlining the value of the raspberry to counter prevarication. If John Morrison has time on his hands after October, perhaps a few Honourable Members should beat a path to this expert's door. A healthy raspberry or two might be more effective than some speeches I have heard in the Commons lately. · Brian Jones is a visiting senior research fellow at the University of Southampton. He was formerly with the Defence Intelligence Staff dealing with nuclear, biological and chemical warfare. Special report Iraq Chronology Iraq timeline: Feb 1 2004 - present Iraq timeline: July 16 1979 - Jan 31 2004 Interactive guides Click-through graphics on Iraq Key documents Full text of speeches and documents Audio reports Audio reports on Iraq More special reports Politics and the war Aid for Iraq Iraq - the media war The anti-war movement 28.01.2003: Guide to anti-war websites Useful links Provisional authority: rebuilding Iraq Iraqi-American chamber of commerce cnn.com: David Kay's evidence to US Senate committee [UP] Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004 ***************************************************************** 12 IndiaExpress: India needs nuclear submarines, says new Naval Chief : New Delhi 14.02 IST 31st July 2004 By IndiaExpress Bureau India needs nuclear submarines and it was upto the Government to take a decision in this regard, Admiral Arun Prakash said today soon after taking over as the new Chief of the Naval Staff. "Navy needs nuclear submarines but it is upto the Government to take a decision on the acquisition," he said after taking over the reins from outgoing Chief Admiral Madhvendera Singh to become the 20th Chief. Though there have been reports that India was negotiating with Russia to acquire on lease two nuclear-powered 'Akula' class submarines, it is for the first time that a senior official has acknowledged that New Delhi was keen to acquire such a class of submarines. In a brief interaction with the media, Prakash, who has the distinction of being a Naval fighter pilot donning the IAF uniform in 1971 war to win the 'Vir Chakra', said the force levels in the Navy were dwindling and there was an urgent need to arrest the trend. Listing his priorities, he said it includes maintaining the present force levels of the Navy in warships, submarines as well as air power by acquisition of more modern indigenous warships and also import submarines. The new Naval Chief said his force also faced equipment and manpower shortages. "We have to convince the government; we need to overcome them (shortages)," he said. Prakash said his thrust would be to make the Navy "network centric" by interlinking long range missiles, radars and sensors on the naval warships through satellite and IT to deliver a lethal punch. ***************************************************************** 13 Hanford nuclear power plant remains under shutdown Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2004 10:29:45 -0500 (CDT) Morning All, Following are as many stories as I could find on the emergency shutdown at Hanford yesterday. Most are pretty identical, but a couple add a few bits and pieces. My Best, David Grace ////\\\\ http://www.billingsgazette.com/index.php?tl=1&display=rednews/2004/07/30/build/nation/34-hanford.inc July 30, 2004 - 1:07 pm Hanford nuclear power plant undergoes emergency shutdown Associated Press RICHLAND, Wash. (AP) -- The Columbia Generating Station nuclear power plant on the Hanford nuclear reservation underwent an emergency shutdown Friday, but state emergency officials said there was no release of radiation and no danger to the public. Rob Harper, spokesman for the Washington state Emergency Operations Center, said the plant was shut down manually because of a failure in the automated shutdown system. Although he said there was no threat to the general public, the Emergency Operations Center at Camp Murray was activated under the plant's emergency plan. Harper said workers at the electricity-producing plant were conducting tests about 10 a.m. when an automatic shutdown system failed. He said not all the control rods went into the reactor and two had to be inserted manually. The emergency shutdown triggered an alert in which state agencies prepared to respond if needed to help Benton and Franklin counties near the reservation. Harper said the plant was stable, and that crews were checking the situation. It was not immediately known how long the reactor would be out of service. Copyright ) 2004 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. Copyright ) The Billings Gazette, a division of Lee Enterprises. +++++ http://www.katu.com/news/story.asp?ID=69703 July 30, 2004 Test failure triggers emergency at Hanford plant RICHLAND, WASH. - An emergency at the nuclear power plant on the Hanford reservation ended about two hours after it was declared this morning. There was no radiation release and no evacuation during the emergency. Brad Peck with Energy Northwest says the Columbia Generating Station is stable, but will remain out of service until crews determine why an automatic shut-down system failed a test. Two of the 185 control rods failed to move into place about 10:00 a.m. and operators inserted them manually. An alert was declared, which triggered an emergency response from the state. It activated the state Emergency Operations Center to coordinate state energies to help Benton and Franklin counties. Energy Northwest has a phone number set up to answer questions from the public -- (509) 372-5011. (Copyright 2004 by The Associated Press. +++++ http://news.statesmanjournal.com/article.cfm?i=84370 Hanford shut down for emergency The Associated Press July 30, 2004 - 12:26 PM RICHLAND, Wash. - The Columbia Generating Station nuclear power plant on the Hanford nuclear reservation underwent an emergency shutdown today, but state emergency officials said there was no release of radiation and no danger to the public. Rob Harper, spokesman for the Washington state Emergency Operations Center, said the plant was shut down manually because of a failure in the automated shutdown system. Although he said there was no threat to the general public, the Emergency Operations Center at Camp Murray was activated under the plants emergency plan. Harper said workers at the electricity-producing plant were conducting tests about 10 a.m. when an automatic shutdown system failed. He said not all the control rods went into the reactor and two had to be inserted manually. The emergency shutdown triggered an alert in which state agencies prepared to respond if needed to help Benton and Franklin counties near the reservation. Harper said the plant was stable, and that crews were checking the situation. It was not immediately known how long the reactor would be out of service. +++++ http://www.dailycamera.com/bdc/state_news/article/0,1713,BDC_2419_3078020,00.html Failure shuts down Hanford nuclear plant Auto shutdown system fails By Associated Press July 31, 2004 RICHLAND, Wash. - Washington state's only commercial nuclear reactor remained out of service while technicians tried to determine why an automatic shutdown system failed to work properly Friday. State emergency officials said there was no release of radiation and no danger to the public. It was not immediately known when the Columbia Generating Station reactor would be restarted. The failure triggered an alert in which state agencies prepared to respond if needed to help Benton and Franklin counties near the Hanford nuclear reservation. But Brad Peck, spokesman for the reactor's operator, Energy Northwest, said the reactor was stable and the alert was canceled at 11:57 a.m., about two hours after it was declared. The reactor, which produces power for the Northwest electricity grid, would remain out of service until crews determine what caused the problem, he said. Energy Northwest spokeswoman Heather McMurdo said lights on a control panel showed that two of 185 control rods did not fully insert into the reactor during the shutdown. The rods, which control the reactor's operation, were inserted manually at about 10 a.m., she said. Backup systems operated correctly and the alert could have been canceled when the control rods were manually inserted, but plant operators wanted to err on the side of caution, McMurdo said. "It was conservative for us to have remained in an alert status," she said. Rob Harper, spokesman for the Washington state Emergency Operations Center, said that although there was no threat to the public, the center at the National Guard's Camp Murray was activated, as called for under the plant's emergency plan. The center deactivated shortly before 1 p.m., he said. The state Department of Health dispatched a field team to take air samples and soil readings as a precaution, he said. State officials originally said the shutdown occurred during a test, but Nuclear Regulatory Commission officials later said it occurred during normal operations. NRC spokesman Ken Clark in Atlanta said the reactor automatically shut down after a high-pressure indication at about 9:25 a.m. It was then that equipment indicated some control rods were not fully inserted, he said. Plant operators will try to determine what caused the high pressure indication and whether the control rods were slow to drive fully into the reactor core, or if there were problems with indicator lights, Clark said. +++++ http://www.gazettetimes.com/articles/2004/07/31/news/the_west/satwst03.txt Saturday, July 31, 2004 Hanford nuclear power plant undergoes emergency shutdown By The Associated Press RICHLAND, Wash. - Washington state's only commercial nuclear reactor remained out of service while technicians tried to determine why an automatic shutdown system failed to work properly Friday. State emergency officials said there was no release of radiation and no danger to the public. It was not immediately known when the Columbia Generating Station reactor would be restarted. The failure triggered an alert in which state agencies prepared to respond if needed to help Benton and Franklin counties near the Hanford nuclear reservation. But Brad Peck, spokesman for the reactor's operator, Energy Northwest, said the reactor was stable and the alert was canceled at 11:57 a.m., about two hours after it was declared. The reactor, which produces power for the Northwest electricity grid, would remain out of service until crews determine what caused the problem, he said. Energy Northwest spokeswoman Heather McMurdo said lights on a control panel showed that two of 185 control rods did not fully insert into the reactor during the shutdown. The rods, which control the reactor's operation, were inserted manually about 10 a.m., she said. Backup systems operated correctly and the alert could have been canceled when the control rods were manually inserted, but plant operators wanted to err on the side of caution, McMurdo said. "It was conservative for us to have remained in an alert status," she said. Rob Harper, spokesman for the Washington state Emergency Operations Center, said that although there was no threat to the public, the center at the National Guard's Camp Murray was activated, as called for under the plant's emergency plan. The center deactivated shortly before 1 p.m., he said. The state Department of Health dispatched a field team to take air samples and soil readings as a precaution, he said. State officials originally said the shutdown occurred during a test, but Nuclear Regulatory Commission officials later said it occurred during normal operations. NRC spokesman Ken Clark in Atlanta said the reactor automatically shut down after a high-pressure indication about 9:25 a.m. It was then that equipment indicated some control rods were not fully inserted, he said. Plant operators will try to determine what caused the high pressure indication and whether the control rods were slow to drive fully into the reactor core, or there were problems with indicator lights, Clark said. On the Net: Energy Northwest, www.energy-northwest.com/main.html Nuclear Regulatory Commission, www.nrc.gov/ +++++ http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/local/184369_hanford31.html?source=rss Saturday, July 31, 2004 Hanford reactor shut down after alert Control-rod problem under study; no radiation released THE ASSOCIATED PRESS RICHLAND -- Washington state's only commercial nuclear reactor remained out of service while technicians tried to determine why an automatic shutdown system failed to work properly yesterday. State emergency officials said there was no release of radiation and no danger to the public. It was not immediately known when the Columbia Generating Station reactor would be restarted. The failure triggered an alert in which state agencies prepared to respond if needed to help Benton and Franklin counties near the Hanford Nuclear Reservation. But Brad Peck, a spokesman for the reactor's operator, Energy Northwest, said the reactor was stable and the alert was canceled at 11:57 a.m., about two hours after it was declared. The reactor, which produces power for the Northwest electrical grid, will remain out of service until crews determine what caused the problem, he said. Energy Northwest spokeswoman Heather McMurdo said lights on a control panel showed that two of 185 control rods did not fully insert into the reactor during the shutdown. The rods, which control the reactor's operation, were inserted manually about 10 a.m., she said. Backup systems operated correctly, and the alert could have been canceled when the control rods were manually inserted, but plant operators wanted to err on the side of caution, McMurdo said. "It was conservative for us to have remained in an alert status," she said. Rob Harper, a spokesman for the state Emergency Operations Center, said that although there was no threat to the public, the center, at the National Guard's Camp Murray, was activated, as called for under the plant's emergency plan. The center deactivated shortly before 1 p.m., he said. The state Department of Health dispatched a field team to take air samples and soil readings as a precaution, he said. State authorities originally said the shutdown occurred during a test, but Nuclear Regulatory Commission officials later said it occurred during normal operations. NRC spokesman Ken Clark in Atlanta said the reactor automatically shut down after a high-pressure indication about 9:25 a.m. It was then that equipment indicated that some control rods were not fully inserted, he said. Plant operators will try to determine what caused the high-pressure indication and whether the control rods were slow to drive fully into the reactor core, or whether there were problems with indicator lights, Clark said. Columbia Generating Station is a boiling-water reactor that produces 1,150 megawatts of electricity, which is sold to the Bonneville Power Administration. Formerly known as the Washington Public Power Supply System No. 2 reactor, it is the only one of five reactors started in the late 1970s to be completed before construction was halted in 1982-83. Facilities licensed by the NRC have four classes of emergencies in order of increasing severity. An alert is the second level. When an alert is declared, events are in process or have occurred that involve an actual or potential substantial degradation in the level of safety of the plant, according to an NRC Web site. +++++ http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/nation/20040730-1445-wst-nuclearplantshutdown.html Hanford nuclear power plant undergoes emergency shutdown ASSOCIATED PRESS 2:45 p.m. July 30, 2004 RICHLAND, Wash. - Washington state's only commercial nuclear reactor remained out of service while technicians tried to determine why an automatic shutdown system failed during a test Friday. State emergency officials said there was no release of radiation and no danger to the public. It was not immediately known when the Columbia Generating Station reactor would be restarted. The failure triggered an alert in which state agencies prepared to respond if needed to help Benton and Franklin counties near the reservation. But Brad Peck, spokesman for the reactor's operator, Energy Northwest, said the reactor was stable and the alert was canceled at 11:57 a.m. PDT, about two hours after it was declared. The reactor, which produces power for the Northwest electricity grid, would remain out of service until crews determine what caused the problem, he said. Energy Northwest spokeswoman Heather McMurdo said lights on a control panel showed that two of 185 control rods did not fully insert into the reactor during the test. The rods, which control the reactor's operation, were inserted manually about 10 a.m., she said. Backup systems operated correctly and the alert could have been canceled when the control rods were manually inserted, but plant operators wanted to err on the side of caution, McMurdo said. "It was conservative for us to have remained in an alert status," she said. Rob Harper, spokesman for the Washington state Emergency Operations Center, said that although there was no threat to the public, the center at the National Guard's Camp Murray was activated, as called for under the plant's emergency plan. The center deactivated shortly before 1 p.m., he said. The state Department of Health dispatched a field team to take air samples and soil readings as a precautionary measure, he said. Nuclear Regulatory Commission spokesmen in Dallas and Washington, D.C., did not immediately return calls for comment Friday afternoon. On the Net: Energy Northwest: www.energy-northwest.com/main.html Nuclear Regulatory Commission: www.nrc.gov/ +++++ http://abcnews.go.com/wire/US/ap20040730_1777.html Wash. Nuclear Power Plant Halts Operations Washington State Nuclear Power Plant Halts Operations After Shutdown System Malfunctions The Associated Press RICHLAND, Wash. July 30, 2004 - Washington state's only commercial nuclear power plant stopped operations Friday after an automatic shutdown system failed to work properly. State emergency officials said there was no release of radiation and no danger to the public. The reactor, which is operated by Energy Northwest, will remain out of service until crews determine what caused the problem, said Brad Peck, spokesman for the company. The automatic shutdown system was triggered by an indication of high pressure, said Ken Clark, a spokesman for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. As part of the shutdown, all 185 control rods were supposed to insert into the reactor. But lights on a control panel indicated that two rods failed to insert, said Heather McMurdo, a spokeswoman for Energy Northwest. Backup systems operated correctly after the rods, which control the reactor's operation, were inserted manually, she said. Operators kept the plant shut down as a precaution, McMurdo said. The reactor is located on land leased from the U.S. Department of Energy within the boundaries of the Hanford nuclear reservation in south-central Washington state, but is a separate entity. Copyright 2004 The Associated Press. +++++ - Following stories require registration: Hanford nuclear power plant undergoes emergency shutdown KGW.com - 17 hours, 33 minutes ago An alert issued for a nuclear power plant on the Hanford nuclear reservation was canceled about two hours after the Columbia Generating Station underwent an emergency shutdown Friday. Hanford nuclear power plant shuts down temporarily KGW.com - 19 hours, 3 minutes ago RICHLAND, Wash. -- The nuclear power plant on the Hanford nuclear reservation went into emergency shut-down mode late Friday morning, officials said. A spokesman for the Washington state Emergency Operations Center said there is currently no threat to the general public. Hanford nuclear power plant remains under shutdown KGW.com - 6 hours, 17 minutes ago RICHLAND, Wash. -- Washington state's only commercial nuclear reactor remained out of service Saturday while technicians tried to determine why an automatic shutdown system failed to work properly Friday. ********** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: ===== //////\\\\\\ "Homeland security is kind of a jump ball -- still very much in the formative stages, with the real activity further down the pike." - David W. Zolet, Northrop's vice-president for homeland security. __________________________________ Do you Yahoo!? New and Improved Yahoo! Mail - 100MB free storage! http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ***************************************************************** 14 BBC: Belarus deports Chernobyl expert Last Updated: Saturday, 31 July, 2004 [Woman cries by grave at Kiev memorial] Chernobyl was the world's worst nuclear disaster A British scientist who studied the Chernobyl disaster in the former Soviet Union has been mysteriously deported from Belarus while on a lecture tour. The decision to rescind his visa was made by the former Soviet republic's interior ministry. Dr Alan Flowers, a specialist in radiology based at Kingston University, said he was being removed because of his contact with non-government groups. The Foreign Office confirmed the deportation but declined to comment. Dr Flowers reportedly started studying the effects of the disaster in 1992. Radioactive rain The Chernobyl power station, in Belarus' neighbouring former Soviet republic Ukraine, exploded on 26 April 1986. The blast, which killed at least 30 people and forced the evacuation of 135,000 more people because of the level of nuclear contamination in the area, was the world's worst nuclear disaster. Vladimir Kuzura, an official from the Belarusian Interior Ministry, refused to explain the reasons behind the withdrawal of Dr Flowers' visa and the deportation order. But Dr Flowers is said to have made a claim that, if proved right, would cause great embarrassment to former top Soviet officials. According to Vera Rich, who was the Soviet correspondent of the scientific journal Nature at the time of the tragedy, many believe the then Soviet Union seeded clouds to make them rain on Belarus. Freedom of speech The move was aimed at preventing winds from blowing contaminated material towards Moscow, theorists say. According to Ms Rich, who is currently a freelance writer for the Ukrainian Weekly, Dr Flowers said he had many colleagues in Belarus who believe in this theory but would never admit it in public for fear of retaliation. In her article, she quoted him as saying: "For a full understanding of the distribution and effects of the Chernobyl fallout, we need as much evidence as possible. "What caused the rain is still an uncertainty in our knowledge about the intensity and nature of the contamination." The Chernobyl disaster led to a dramatic rise in the number of cases of thyroid cancer, leukaemia and birth defects, especially in Belarus. Up to seven million people are believed to have been affected. Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko has imposed strict controls on freedom of expression, and the country is being increasingly isolated by the west. ***************************************************************** 15 Sunday Herald: British Chernobyl scientist deported 01 August 2004 By James Hamilton A BRITISH scientist who has spent years studying the fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear disaster was mysteriously deported from neighbouring Belarus yesterday. Dr Alan Flowers was on a lecture tour in the former Soviet republic after being invited by the Belarusian State University. The academic, who is based in the Faculty of Science at Kingston University London, arrived earlier this month. But his visa was suddenly rescinded yesterday and the deportation order imposed by the interior ministry. Vladimir Kuzura, an official from the ministry, refused to explain the reason for Flowerss deportation. A Foreign Office spokes woman confirmed that the order had been made but would not comment further. Flowers, who specialises in radiology, apparently told report ers in Belarus that he was being removed because of his contact with non-government organisations. Freelancer Vera Rich wrote in the Ukrainian Weekly that Flowers had been studying the Chernobyl disaster since 1992. Rich was Soviet correspondent for the scientific journal Nature at the time of the worlds worst nuclear disaster on April 26, 1986. The power station exploded, killing 30 people outright and forcing the evacuation of 135,000 nearby because of the high levels of radiation. Rich wrote that Flowers said he had many colleagues in Belarus who believed the theory that the Soviet Union seeded clouds to make them rain, effectively dumping contaminated mat erial on Belarus to avoid it being blown towards Moscow. The Belarusian government has consistently tried to play down the impact of the disaster, and outspoken researchers have been gagged. President Alexander Luka shenko has imposed strict controls on freedom of speech and is increasingly isolated by the West. © newsquest (sunday herald) limited. all rights reserved ***************************************************************** 16 DenverPost.com: Nuclear power helps environment Published: Sunday, August 01, 2004 guest commentary By Robert C. Amme While much environmental debate has focused recently on renewable energy as an alternative to carbon dioxide-producing fossil fuels, less has been said about nuclear power, the one energy source that can make, and already has made, a very significant difference. The latest data coming from the Energy Information Administration shows that U.S. emissions of carbon dioxide, produced mostly by burning fossil fuels, have grown by 16 percent just since 1990. And they rose again last year. Without prompt action, the atmosphere's concentration of CO2 is expected to double from pre-industrial levels by the end of this century. But the significant warming of the planet, presumably owing largely to the buildup of greenhouse gases, is already well under way, and many scientists say that serious efforts to limit buildup must begin now. Recently, a panel of scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said that nuclear power should be fostered precisely because it is an important carbon-free energy source. The panel said that tripling the use of nuclear power in the United States by 2050 - to 300,000 megawatts from about 100,000 megawatts today - would make a huge contribution in reducing CO2 emissions. Currently, the U.S. obtains 20 percent of its electricity from nuclear power. Renewable sources, especially solar and wind, provide less than 3 percent. Establishing policies now that try to depend entirely on renewables would be a reckless gamble at best. Commercial solar and wind require subsidies and high prices for consumers (as Denmark has discovered) because the cost of photovoltaic collectors is high and efficiency is low (around 10 percent), and expensive backup systems using fossil fuels are required because of the unpredictable nature of wind. Moreover, both require huge amounts of real estate; wind generators must be spaced out so that even with ideal winds, one may expect only 4 to 6 kilowatts per acre. A wind farm approaching 260 to 300 square miles would thus be required to generate the same amount of electricity as a typical 1,000-megawatt nuclear plant. A solar array needs around 60 square miles plus additional land for storage and retrieval. Federal legislation could be enacted to require a mandatory policy for reducing the nation's CO2 emissions - one that does not restrain our economy by limiting the amount of energy we can produce. A key provision would be to require plants burning fossil fuel to pay a levy to assist in mitigating their environmental impacts. This would not only provide a sizable fund for research into emissions-free energy sources, it would provide a more level playing field for cleaner alternatives, such as the new nuclear power plant designs now being developed. More research is needed into methods for destroying radioactive waste products of all kinds (transmutation of a radioactive isotope to a benign product has recently been demonstrated). Other provisions of such legislation must address our greatest environmental challenge - the CO2 and other emissions that come from our vehicles. The most promising alternative now seems to be the generation of hydrogen from non-fossil fuels. To produce vast amounts of hydrogen gas requires vast amounts of electricity or thermal energy to break down water into its constituents. This represents another way that advanced nuclear plants can come to the rescue of our environment, and studies are underway now to do just that. A single 1,000-megawatt nuclear plant could generate enough hydrogen to run nearly a million fuel-cell-driven automobiles. Congress should approve incentives for construction of nuclear plants that have simpler designs and (eventually) better fuel/waste cycles, and that are even safer than plants now in operation. That would provide a framework for utilities to pursue construction of advanced nuclear plants. Already, electrical companies in Virginia, Mississippi and Illinois have applied to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for early site approvals if and when they decide to build new plants. Whoever is elected president will have an obligation to address carbon dioxide emissions in a serious and responsible way. Nuclear power is the only major energy source that can make a substantial difference in reducing greenhouse gases. The environmental costs of ignoring nuclear energy are prohibitive and unacceptable. If we continue to delay, the price tag will only grow. Dr. Robert C. Amme is a professor of physics at the University of Denver. --> All contents Copyright 2004 The Denver Post or other ***************************************************************** 17 The Advocate: Governor may seek to add independent observer to inspection Associated Press July 31, 2004 MONTPELIER, Vt. -- Gov. James Douglas may seek to add an independent observer to the upcoming engineering inspection at the Vermont Yankee nuclear plant. Douglas' spokesman Jason Gibbs said the governor would make a decision early next week on whether to ask the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to add the observer or independent participant in the special inspection, which is scheduled to start Aug. 9. "He's been very clear that the number of incidents at Yankee is very troubling to him, and he wants to be absolutely certain that the plant is as safe as it can be," Gibbs said. "He is growing increasingly concerned with situations at the plant." The special inspection is part of the state Public Service Board's conditional approval of the reactor's plans to increase power production. Douglas met privately this week with the nuclear watchdog group New England Coalition and heard from its expert witnesses, including Paul Blanch of West Hartford, Conn., a nuclear industry whistle-blower who now acts as a consultant. Blanch said he urged Douglas to consider an independent voice, as well as eyes and ears, for the engineering review and volunteered for the job. Blanch, an electrical engineer who once worked as a consultant for Entergy Nuclear, the owner of Vermont Yankee, describes himself as pro-nuclear but against Entergy's plans to boost power at the reactor. Earlier this summer the Public Service Board, in a meeting with NRC officials in Vermont, suggested that the federal agency consider adding an outsider to the review team. It specifically suggested Blanch among others. Vermont Yankee has been in the news throughout the spring and summer, most notably when the plant announced in April that it couldn't find two pieces of radioactive fuel rods. They have since been found at the plant. Copyright © 2004, The Associated Press © 2004, Southern Connecticut Newspapers, Inc. All rights ***************************************************************** 18 Anchorage Daily News: Geiger counters silent for now, but research continues Cancer, bureaucracy plague Amchitka workers By JOEL GAY Anchorage Daily News (Published: August 1, 2004) Amchitka Island and its birds, fish and plant life appear to be free of radioactive contamination, though the researchers who studied the nuclear test site this summer say that could change with one good earthquake. Preliminary results from hand-held Geiger counters and radiation badges found no signs of radiation, said Stephen Jewett of the University of Alaska Fairbanks: "Absolutely zeros on everything." But thousands of samples taken from Amchitka's environment and wildlife will undergo much closer scrutiny in the coming months, he said. The laboratory work should show whether radiation is leaking from the three underground tests conducted from 1965 to 1971. At least three smaller-scale studies were done previously on the island. The environmental group Greenpeace claimed in 1996 that it found elevated radiation levels in a small number of plant samples, but follow-up studies by state and federal agencies in 1998, 1999 and 2001 said the low levels posed no threat to the environment. But the work suggested further study was necessary to determine whether contaminated groundwater from the island might be leaking into the ocean off Amchitka's shoreline. This summer's effort is aimed at answering that question, said Jewett, a research professor in UAF's School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences. Funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, the $3.1 million project included researchers from several universities. Also along were observers from the Aleutian/Pribilof Islands Association, some of whose members live in the region. In the first stage, a 160-foot research vessel plied the shoreline off two of the three test sites. It mapped the bottom, looking for fault lines and other potential sources of radioactive seeps, and gathered water samples that will show whether fresh water is bubbling up, said Jewett. In the second phase, Jewett and his team of divers, picking up where the research vessel left off, sampled near-shore waters. They also took water samples, along with bottom sediments, marine plants and animals from 90 feet deep to the beach, he said. Another team gathered samples on the island, from mosses and lichens on up the food chain to birds and even rats. It will take months to crunch the data, said Larry Duffy, a UAF chemistry professor who oversaw a portion of the work. But it should provide baseline data that can be used in the future to determine whether radiation is leaking. That's not out of the question, Duffy said. "This will be important to monitor," he said. While radiation may be contained now, Amchitka is in a zone of high seismic activity, he noted. Alaska environmental officials have noted that computer models during the testing era predicted that radionuclides could begin leaking within as little as 10 years to 1,000 years or more. "Sometime in the next 300,000 years there might be some geological activity that all of a sudden changes the situation around," cracking the ground above or below water and allowing contaminated groundwater to escape, he said. The Amchitka research was funded for one year only, but the scientific team has applied for two more years, Duffy said. Cancer, bureaucracy plague Amchitka workers The advertisements below are not endorsed by the Anchorage Daily News. The Anchorage Daily News - Get the whole story every day - ***************************************************************** 19 SF Chronicle: Nuclear horror still haunts Hiroshima Royce Brier Sunday, August 1, 2004 I am sitting on a park bench in Hiroshima, gazing up into a clear blue sky. Right here, directly over my head, 59 years ago this coming Friday an atomic bomb detonated. It was 8:16 a.m. Another clear blue sky. A few airplanes overhead, nothing unusual during wartime. Then in just a few seconds, nearly everything within 2 kilometers was obliterated. As if the sun were reborn, there was a flash of light so intense it would have instantly blinded anyone nearby who happened to be looking toward it at that moment. Simultaneously, a tremendous wave of heat radiation fanned out in all directions, incinerating all living creatures and wooden buildings within about 1 kilometer. Then came a shock wave that collapsed most structures farther away, nearly to the edge of the city. As the superheated air around the explosion rose upward, it sucked debris, dirt and ash into the sky, forming a giant mushroom cloud, and Hiroshima grew dark. Within a few hours, the ash mixed with moisture and fell back to earth as poisonous "black rain.'' Fire quickly swept through the city, destroying whatever structures had been left standing after the blast. Today, this place where I'm sitting is called Heiwa Koen, or Peace Park. I'm facing the ghostly ruins of the Hiroshima Prefectural Industry Promotion Hall, with its bare steel dome ribs. It's one of a handful of reinforced concrete buildings that weren't flattened by the explosion. The A-Bomb Dome, as it's called, is a stop on one of the streetcar lines. It looks terribly out of place among the modern high-rises and the beautiful, open park. In the park, groups of people sit on the ground and have picnics. Joggers hustle by, old men sit on benches reading the newspaper, a few homeless people trudge along. Teenagers get together down by the river opposite the dome to entertain themselves with guitars and singing. Tourists from all over the world stop to take pictures or just gaze at the many monuments scattered throughout the park. One of the best monuments is a statue of a local girl who died of leukemia 10 years after the bombing. She believed that if she folded a thousand paper cranes, she would get well. She didn't. Today, spreading out around the statue is a sea of colorful paper cranes, millions of them, linked into long chains, woven into tapestries or just piled up at the foot of the statue. At the other end of the park from the dome is the Peace Memorial Museum, containing exhibits, relics and photos from the aftermath of the bombing. It's a tour of hell. The land that the park sits on was once a traditional shopping and entertainment district. It was wiped out, of course. More than 100,000 people died on the morning of the bombing or shortly thereafter. Of those who weren't killed right away, the heat from the blast burned some people's clothes off and made their faces and limbs swell. Their skin began to peel off and hang from their heads and arms. Many of the survivors congregated in public parks by the rivers. Some who were burned and crazed with thirst jumped into the rivers and drowned. But because most of Hiroshima's doctors and nurses were dead, and medical supplies destroyed, and outside help was slow in reaching the area, thousands died from their injuries. People wandered around in shock, looking for their children or husbands or wives, sometimes not able to recognize them when they found them, because of their burns. Every year on Aug. 6, a commemoration is held in the park. People gather to pray for relatives and friends lost in the war, listen to speeches, protest against nuclear weapons. In the evening, some go down to the river to light candles and place them inside paper lanterns, which are floated out onto the water. The lanterns are inscribed with prayers for the dead or messages of peace. The event always gets good international press. As years pass by, the numbers of survivors of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki dwindle. But there are still a few left to tell their stories of horror and grief to schoolchildren. There's also a wealth of personal history, poetry, film and art about these events. People tend to get used to living now with the threat of nuclear weapons. Maybe it's good to hear the stories, see the ugly photos, try to put ourselves there, if only to remind us why we must never let this happen again. Royce Brier is a freelance writer in Santa Rosa. ©2004 San Francisco Chronicle | Feedback | FAQ ***************************************************************** 20 AU NINEMSN: Army exercises could harm environment 18:15 AEST Sat Jul 31 2004 Military training exercises at Shoalwater Bay on the central Queensland coast were likely to damage a sensitive environmental area, the Australian Democrats said. Democrats Senator John Cherry said the federal government had failed to answer serious questions raised by the local community, which would hold a protest rally in Yeppoon on Sunday. "Shoalwater Bay is a sensitive environmental site and we don't know what the effects of upgraded training will be, particularly if US forces use explosives utilising depleted uranium not used by the Australian army," Senator Cherry said. It was not yet known whether the federal government would contribute more to the upkeep of local roads to cope with heavy military transport vehicles or if the training would increase security risks for the central Queensland region, he said. Senator Cherry said he intended raising the matters in federal parliament when it resumes next week. He will speak at Sunday's rally. Minister Robert Hill said the Joint Combined Training Centre (JCTC) at Shoalwater Bay would provide vital training experience for the Australian Defence Force as well as providing a valuable boost to local communities. Senator Hill previously announced Australia and the US had agreed to the concept of developing the Shoalwater Bay training area in central Queensland, the Delamere air weapons range and the new Bradshaw field training range in the Northern Territory. ©AAP 2004 © 1997-2004 ninemsn Pty Ltd - All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 21 SF Chronicle: The fuel that nightmares are made of Reviewed by Ian Garrick Mason Sunday, August 1, 2004 Nuclear Terrorism The Ultimate Preventable Catastrophe By Graham Allison HENRY HOLT; 263 Pages; $24 In October 2002, President Bush gave a speech in Cincinnati. "Facing clear evidence of peril," he said about Iraq, "we cannot wait for the final proof -- the smoking gun -- that could come in the form of a mushroom cloud." This image struck a chord, for in the years since 1945 the mushroom cloud has grown into a symbol of almost quasi-religious significance, a representation not just of personal death, but also of the death of civilization. Though the symbol's power seemed to fade after the end of the Cold War, it never completely vanished. And in the shadow of Sept. 11 it has regained much of its strength. As the founding dean of Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government, a former assistant secretary of defense for policy and plans, and the author of an influential book on decision-making during the Cuban missile crisis, Graham Allison is eminently qualified to ring the alarm bells. In "Nuclear Terrorism: The Ultimate Preventable Catastrophe," he explains just how easy it is to design and build a nuclear weapon -- a Princeton undergraduate in 1977 famously submitted a working design for one as his senior thesis -- and how easy it would be to smuggle such a bomb into the United States. A 100-pound nuclear weapon, for example, could easily enter as part of a drug shipment. "Approximately 21,000 pounds of cocaine and marijuana are smuggled into the country each day in bales, crates, car trunks -- even FedEx boxes," Allison writes. "Any one of these containers could hold something far more deadly." Nevertheless, Allison believes that a nuclear attack is preventable, and his book offers a concrete plan of action. The key, he says, is control of fissile materials -- like highly enriched uranium (HEU) and plutonium -- without which a bomb cannot be built. "No fissile material, no nuclear explosion, no nuclear terrorism. It is that simple." Allison goes on to argue convincingly that much of the world's fissile material, perhaps most of it, can feasibly be recovered and placed under tight guard by the existing nuclear powers. Modeling his ideas on the already successful Nunn-Lugar program he personally helped to set up as the Soviet Union was collapsing in 1991, a program that helped Russia recover literally thousands of tactical nuclear weapons from former Soviet territories, Allison calls for a "grand alliance" that would see America and Russia -- then China, Pakistan and others -- take possession of fissile material lying around in sheds and insecure research reactors in various ex-Soviet and Third World states. More broadly, he advocates a world based on "Three No's": "no loose nukes, no new nascent nukes" -- by which he means no new facilities for producing fissile material -- and "no new nuclear weapons states." On the first "no" ("no loose nukes"), Allison is utterly persuasive. He rightly castigates the Bush administration for ignoring this basic preventative principle, and points to the appalling fact that this administration has, at least twice, attempted to cut funding for Nunn-Lugar, which continues to secure nuclear materials in the former Soviet Union. One feels like sending cash to the State Department - - anything to help revitalize and accelerate this program. To deal with states such as Iran and North Korea that wish to build their own fissile materials production capacity (the second "no") in order to guarantee they'll be able to construct nuclear weapons (the third "no") whenever they choose, Allison proposes a mixture of carrots and sticks tailored to the country at issue. In the coordinator's role, he recommends a newly humble and diplomatic America, one committed to building a community of nations that can act in concert to prevent the formation of new nuclear powers. This is all to the good -- even if it is very doubtful that the current administration has the diplomatic skills to attempt it. Allison even seems to be aware that fear of invasion may be one of the key drivers behind a country's wish to acquire nuclear weapons, because he recommends the United States offer nonaggression guarantees as part of the bundle. As the stick, he advocates threatening to bomb nuclear facilities in Iran or North Korea, should either of those countries choose to reject the world's offer of carrots. Yet although he excoriates the Bush administration for its invasion of Iraq -- which, among other things, "discredited the larger case for a serious campaign to prevent nuclear terrorism" -- it is hard to see how his own approach would lead to markedly different results. Bombing nuclear facilities is not a less violent and costly alternative to invasion and occupation, but rather a precursor to it. Israel's fabled bombing of the nuclear reactor at Osirak in 1981 may have set back Iraq's nuclear weapons program, but it certainly didn't end it, and barely 20 years later, a nervous United States decided that the only way to be sure that the threat was really gone was to conquer the country and replace its government. Ironically, force is probably no longer even an option with regard to North Korea. Despite Allison's rather optimistic notion that Kim Jong Il might be intimidated by being shown "a special video with extensive footage of American precision-guided munitions," it is likely that North Korea's suspected stockpile of two to eight nuclear bombs is already more than enough deterrence to keep American cruise missiles in their launch tubes. As Allison himself made clear, delivering a nuclear weapon is not much of a problem. North Korea doesn't need an ICBM when it can just go Fed-Ex. Ian Garrick Mason is a Toronto writer. His work also appears in the Spectator and the Boston Globe. ©2004 San Francisco Chronicle | Feedback | FAQ ***************************************************************** 22 Las Vegas SUN: Editorial: The real deception July 30, 2004 LAS VEGAS SUN WEEKEND EDITION july 31 - Aug. 1, 2004 During the 2000 presidential campaign George Bush said he would use "sound science" to judge the Yucca Mountain project. But soon after he was elected, Bush lobbied Congress to pass his plan to send nuclear waste to Nevada -- even though there still was a mountain of scientific evidence showing it to be unsafe. Congress passed the legislation and Bush happily signed it into law. One of the U.S. senators who voted against Bush's Yucca Mountain plan was John Kerry, who became the Democratic presidential nominee last week. It wasn't surprising that Kerry sided with Nevada: In 2000 he had voted to sustain President Clinton's veto of a bill that would have made it much easier to send nuclear waste to Nevada. Despite Kerry's strength on this issue of critical importance to all Nevadans, Republicans have dredged up some votes from years ago that they say show that Kerry had favored moving the Yucca Mountain project forward. But Kerry clearly is opposed to Yucca Mountain. "Rest assured, Nevada, if I'm the president of the United States, Yucca Mountain will not be a repository," Kerry said in May at a campaign stop in Las Vegas. For anyone still skeptical of Kerry's commitment, consider how Yucca Mountain supporters feel about him. Rep. Butch Otter, R-Idaho, in a commentary written several months ago, cited Kerry's opposition to the Yucca Mountain project and noted that if Kerry were elected president it would mean nuclear waste would stay in Idaho and not be buried in Nevada. "It's as simple as that," wrote Otter. And just this past week an editorial in the Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch warned, "A John Kerry win spells doom for the project." If even supporters of Yucca Mountain acknowledge that Kerry will kill the project, what should make us think otherwise? Kerry has been one of the few consistent friends Nevada has had in the U.S. Senate regarding Yucca Mountain, the most important issue facing this state. Kerry understands our concerns, and has stood with us when Nevada has needed him, something that can't be said for Bush. ***************************************************************** 23 Las Vegas SUN: Columnist Jeff German: Differences on Yucca clear, not confusing ----------------------------------------------------------------- Columnist Jeff German: Differences on Yucca clear, not confusing Jeff German's column appears Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays in the Sun. Reach him at german@lasvegassun.comor (702) 259-4067. ••• WEEKEND EDITION July 31 - Aug. 1, 2004 Nevada Republicans claim to be confused about where John Kerry stands in the fight against Yucca Mountain. They took great delight last week in disclosing that the Democratic presidential candidate's voting record in the Senate isn't as solidly against the nuclear waste dump as Democrats have been telling us. Kerry, it turns out, voted way back in 1987 for the so-called "Screw Nevada" bill that singled out Yucca Mountain, 90 miles from Las Vegas, as the only storage site in the country worth studying. The vote, though certainly an important one, came early in the Yucca Mountain fight, when Nevada didn't have many allies on Capitol Hill. Since then Kerry and other Democratic senators have seen the flaws in the Yucca Mountain project and have rallied strongly behind Nevada's congressional delegation. But a vote's a vote, no matter how ancient. Republicans looking to provide cover for President Bush's dismal Yucca Mountain record whipped up the pundits and mounted a media blitz to cloud an issue that could decide who wins Nevada's five electoral votes -- and maybe the entire presidential race. "I don't see a difference in George Bush or John Kerry as president on the Yucca Mountain issue," Sen. John Ensign, R-Nev., said with a straight face. Rep. Jon Porter, R-Nev., proclaimed: "It's clear where Bush stands on this, but it is not clear where Kerry stands." Porter was right about one thing. It is definitely clear where Bush stands on Yucca Mountain. He is against us. He is the Republican presidential candidate of 2000 who promised to recommend Yucca Mountain to Congress only if it was based on sound science and then turned around as president and recommended Yucca Mountain without sound science. And he is the president who is moving forward with the project even though a federal appeals court has concluded that the standards the government set for storing the waste can't protect us in the long run. As for Kerry, I have a news flash for Ensign and Porter. He's on our side. "Whether it's some of the time or all of the time, Kerry has voted with us," said former Gov. Bob Miller, a warrior in the anti-Yucca Mountain trenches long before Ensign and Porter. "George Bush had one vote, and he voted to screw Nevada." Kerry has been with us when it has counted most. He voted against Bush's Yucca Mountain recommendation in 2002 and, two years before that, against a bill to temporarily store nuclear waste in our backyard. During a Nevada campaign swing in May, the Massachusetts senator made a bold pledge to the voters, one that no presidential candidate before him, including the popular Bill Clinton, ever made. "If I'm president of the United States," Kerry said, "Yucca Mountain will not be a repository." There is nothing confusing about that statement. The truth is, Republicans can't defend Bush's position on Yucca Mountain because it is indefensible. This is why the president has yet to sit down with reporters here and discuss his decision to send the deadliest substance known to man our way. The only thing the Republicans can do is what Ensign and Porter did last week -- pathetically try to muddy up Kerry's position. They can try to make Kerry look as bad as Bush. No one can say for sure whether Kerry will live up to his pledge. But at least we have hope with Kerry that help is on the way. We have no hope at all with Bush. I keep waiting for Nevada Republicans to stop worrying about Bush's future and start worrying about ours. ***************************************************************** 24 Las Vegas SUN: Where I Stand -- Brian Greenspun: Hope for Nevada July 30, 2004 Brian Greenspun is editor of the Las Vegas Sun. WEEKEND EDITION Why am I working? I am supposed to be on vacation! Actually, there are some in my family who will challenge the notion that the first couple of weeks in August are delineated as vacation time for me, choosing instead to consider the first twelve months of every year as coming within that loose definition. The idea for an August vacation started with my parents, especially my father, who needed the month of August to escape the heat as well as get a respite from his five times a week "Where I Stand" column, which was the front page mainstay of the Las Vegas Sun while he was publisher. In order to assuage his guilt and give the people of Las Vegas myriad viewpoints, Hank Greenspun offered his column space to numerous political, civic and community leaders to express their points of view while he ducked out of his writing obligations for the month. Some traditions are worth continuing. This is one of them. And even though I have been a bit lax in my writing responsibilities the past few months, the idea of a month in which I can read what others in the community are thinking, and not have to consider what I should write about, is an idea worth pursuing. Hence, the decision to not only continue my father's vacation tradition but also the community service aspect of giving others, many of whom are more knowledgeable, the opportunity to share their thoughts with our readers. Those columns begin this week. To those who have agreed to put themselves and their thoughts on the line, thank you. This stuff isn't easy, especially when you consider the fact that every word is parsed by someone looking for a fight and not shy about telling you what they think. Your hard work will add to the base of knowledge of our citizens and, therefore, the quality of democracy that we will have. But, since I have some space left before I sign off for the month, I want to share a couple more thoughts with you about Yucca Mountain and the latest attempt by some in this state to make all presidential candidates "equal" in their positions on the high-level nuclear waste dump. Firstly, they are not equal. They are not even close. My colleague Jon Ralston's flashes notwithstanding, what President George W. Bush did to the state of Nevada overwhelms any single or multiple of Senate votes that Sen. John Kerry may have cast against our interests. Let me explain. There is a former Republican governor of Nevada whose job it is to promote, and whose allegiance belongs to, the nuclear waste industry. In doing so, Bob List has made every effort to convince Nevada families that the dump is inevitable and that we might as well start negotiating for benefits because there is nothing we can do to stop the trucks and trains from rolling our way. He has been singularly unsuccessful in trying to persuade Nevadans to give up the good fight. In fact, the recent U.S. Court of Appeals ruling in Nevada's favor has given lie to the "inevitability" claim and given all of us more reason to double and redouble our efforts to stop the federal government's plan to bury our state, its people and its economy under 70,000 tons of the most deadly substances known to man. The certain way to put a stake in the nuke waster's heart is to elect John Kerry president because he has promised this country to find a better way to deal with the waste other than transporting it through major cities across the country and, ultimately, 90 miles from Las Vegas. If he becomes president, the Environmental Protection Agency does what he wants, the Department of Energy does what he wants and the Congress does what he wants or gets its act vetoed. A bonus to Kerry's election will be that our governor and other GOP elected officials in this state will be free to be more than "disappointed" in President Bush's decision to make Nevada the dumping ground of the nation, causing Nevadans to stop questioning whose side the leadership in this state is really on. Contrast that picture with the current one in which President Bush decided -- all by himself because he was the only person on the planet who could make the call -- to send radioactive poison to Nevada for the next 30 years. And he did it in the face of what is now court-confirmed science that says the standards the government used were scientifically flawed and insufficient. To continue his charade on behalf of his friends in the nuclear power industry, President Bush in a second term will have to make sure the EPA changes the rules, the DOE accepts those changes and the Congress does what it can to nullify any scientific safeguards that the court and the National Academy of Sciences say are essential for the health and safety of Nevadans. Those are the choices we have in the upcoming election. There will be many reasons and issues to consider when deciding for whom to vote. But for those of us whose families and whose futures are on the line, in the bull's-eye and hanging in the balance of the nuclear waste issue, I believe there are no reasons more important than this one. So bring on the rhetoric. Challenge the voting records and smother us in sound bites. The truth does not change. President Bush put the bull's-eye on our back and Sen. Kerry promises to take it off. Which future for your kids has your vote? ***************************************************************** 25 Lodinews: City of Lodi eyes federal funding for pollution cleanup Friday, July 30, 2004 Search Lodinews.com: 125 N. Church St. P.O. Box 1360 Lodi, CA 95241 Phone: (209)369-2761 By News-Sentinel Staff Writer Could the federal government pay to clean up Lodi's contaminated groundwater? The answer to that question remains to be seen, but a Santa Clara County community facing similar pollution woes may receive $25 million as early as September. The bill introduced by Congressman Richard Pombo, R-Tracy, passed a full House of Representatives committee earlier this month and is now waiting for Congress to reconvene from a summer recess. Under terms of the bill, local authorities would match up to 35 percent of the total $25 million. That 35 percent comes out to a little less than $9 million. The city of Lodi, meanwhile, has already spent more than $25 million on litigation related to groundwater contamination, with $6 million coming from its water fund. Costs continue to add up as the legal battles rage. When City Manager Dixon Flynn checked his home e-mail one day and saw Pombo's latest newsletter, mention of the federal funding caught his eye. He decided to contact the Congressman's office to see if Lodi could get money, too. "We have problems like other communities, so I think we should get our fair share. We pay taxes, too," he said this week. Each year, public agencies can go through an "appropriation process" and ask legislators for federal money. That's how the city got $400,000 for its water treatment plant, said Nicole Taylor, spokeswoman for Pombo. That's also what communities in the Santa Clara Valley, including San Martin and Gilroy, did. The contaminant, perchlorate, apparently worked its way into the water after being released by a company that manufactured flares, according to officials with the Santa Clara Valley Water District. The district began testing water wells, held a public meeting in January 2003 and more than 1,200 homes began using bottled water, board member Rosemary Kamei told the House Committee on Resources in June. Pombo's bill passed the committee and is now waiting for full Congressional approval. If approved, it will go to President George Bush to be signed. Lodi's contamination, alleged to be caused by dry cleaners, manufacturers and printers is the focus of convoluted litigation that has been underway for years. The city, in a unique move engineered by former outside attorney Michael C. Donovan, went after local businesses -- including the News-Sentinel -- in an attempt to force their insurance companies to pay for the cleanup. In the process, legal and consultant bills added up, and the city borrowed $16 million from Lehman Brothers. The Wall Street firm is now embroiled in litigation with the city concerning that high-interest loan, and City Council members have said they may also sue Donovan, who was fired in January. The city's attempt to clean up the pollution differs drastically from the Santa Clara County method. Councilmember Susan Hitchcock, who has been involved in Lodi's saga for years, said the idea of asking Congress for help had never been mentioned. "I was always asking, 'What is plan B?' And there was always a resistance on the part of staff to look to any other source than the direction they were going," she said. "I just heard over and over, 'Well, Lodi's different, we have a different water supply, we can't go that route.' ... I think at the time that was just a way of sticking to this rip-off plan," added Hitchcock, who has criticized the legal maneuvers for years. However, she also pointed out that Santa Clara's water woes appear to be worse than Lodi's, since the citizens there have had to use bottled water. Lodi's drinking water supply will not be threatened for a number of years, though the contamination has forced the closure of two wells and raised concerns about indoor air. Whether the city will seek federal funding remains to be seen, though Flynn said it's something he's pursuing and Hitchcock said it's worth looking into. This year's federal funding deadline has long since passed, and the city has until February to seek funding for next year, said Assistant City Manager Janet Keeter. Then there's the question of whether the city would even get the money. If Pombo were to take up the cause, he'd have to convince his fellow representatives that it was a good idea, and then he'd have to figure out where the money was coming from. And then they'd have to agree that it was a good idea.Contact reporter Layla Bohm at . | | News-Sentinel, fill out our online form or call our Subscriber Services Department at (209) 333-1400. ***************************************************************** 26 RGJ: Experts shift view on cask corrosion at Yucca project ASSOCIATED PRESS 7/31/2004 12:50 am LAS VEGAS — Prominent scientists have shifted their stance on a key element of a national nuclear waste dump in Nevada, saying they no longer fear one type of corrosion would quickly weaken casks designed to contain radioactivity. The new position by members of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board boosts plans for the Yucca Mountain repository while the Energy Department prepares to seek a crucial operating license from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Board executive William Barnard attributed the shift to the evolution of understanding about the first-of-its-kind repository. “It’s a learning process for DOE,” he said, “and a learning process for the board.” Opponents downplayed the effect the finding would have on state efforts to block the federal government from burying the nation’s most radioactive waste, 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas. Steve Frishman, a state consultant on Yucca Mountain, said that while it appeared the Energy Department had solved one corrosion problem, Yucca engineers had not addressed questions about other minerals that could create problems. U.S. Sen. Harry Reid, D-Nev., insisted Friday that “overwhelming scientific evidence shows that Yucca Mountain is not safe.” “Deciding which type of corrosion is most dangerous will not change that underlying fact,” he said. The Energy Department maintains the Yucca project will be safe. The board outlined its position in a four-page letter Wednesday to Margaret Chu, director of Energy Department’s Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, which directs the Yucca project. Chu did not plan to comment, a spokesman said. Technical Review Board staff members said that while some concerns had been allayed, more needed to be known before scientists can be confident the Yucca Mountain repository would work the way the Energy Department expects. Congress in 2002 picked Yucca Mountain as the site to bury 77,000 tons of highly radioactive waste from commercial nuclear reactors and military and industrial sites in 39 states. The Energy Department wants to open the repository in 2010 and spend 24 years entombing the waste in casks made of nickel 22 metal alloy in tunnels 1,000 feet below ground. The Technical Review Board threw a wrench into the plan last October, with a report based on Energy Department research that calcium chloride, a mineral compound, could react with moisture in the tunnels and form a brine that could corrode casks within 1,000 years. Such a finding would make it difficult for the repository to win an operating license. The review board, created by Congress to evaluate Yucca science, convened a two-day seminar in May at which the Energy Department and other organizations presented updated analyses. Based on those presentations, the board told Chu in its letter that the calcium chloride corrosion scenario “appears unlikely.” © Copyright Reno Gazette-Journal, a Newspaper. Use of this ***************************************************************** 27 RGJ: Despite everything, feds move forward in Yucca 7/31/2004 09:06 pm An RGJ editorial [July 12] rightly cautions that the fight over Yucca Mountain is not over. Meanwhile, premature claims of its death, as stated by Bob Loux, are blatantly misleading. Attorney Joe Egan compounds irrationality by stating that the EPA “cannot meet” the 10,000-year radiation safety rule “because the radiation will leak like a sieve.” How does Egan know? Will he best Methuselah by verifying this? Worse, why does the media allow these men to pass these statements off as fact? Recent news sources like CNN, Fox, and NBC, all declare that Nevada lost the recent court skirmishes. In fact, DOE has for many years exhibited responsible, documented scientific quality control in respect to storage of spent rods. Further, DOE should be able to surmount the 10,000 year burden by asking Congress to change the law, work with the EPA to rewrite the standard, or in the courts. Finally, in due time, the spent fuel rods might actually be utilized through new technology. Despite Loux and Egan, the Nuclear Energy Institute and DOE are still moving ahead with the license application for the repository. Stanley W. Paher, Reno © Copyright Reno Gazette-Journal, a Newspaper. Use of this ***************************************************************** 28 Spectrum: Delegation must stand up for Utahns - Opinion - thespectrum.com Sunday, August 1, 2004 IN OUR VIEW The federal government cannot defend its actions surrounding the nuclear weapons tests of the 1950s and '60s in Nevada. While officials of the time might be able to plead ignorance to the health effects at the very beginning, evidence continues to be declassified that shows the lives of Americans -- particularly those in our region -- were less important than the data being collected. The latest evidence of this surfaced last week during a meeting of the Board of Radiation Effects Research in the Salt Lake City area. During that meeting, Rep. Jim Matheson, D-Utah, quoted a declassified Atomic Energy Commission memo that called the people living downwind of the test detonations -- residents of Southern Utah, Southeast Nevada and Northern Arizona -- "a low-use segment of the population." According to The Associated Press, that statement from government records drew gasps from the crowd, and rightly so. The radiation that rained down on residents have caused cancer deaths and other serious illnesses that have killed people and seriously harmed the quality of life for others. For that, the federal government should be held accountable. Matheson's quest last week was to convince the board to extend compensation to people harmed by the fallout under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act, a piece of legislation championed by Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah. Hatch has been vocal about the need to put more money into the fund and to study the expansion of the program beyond the few counties, ailments and professions covered under the 1990 law. Sen. Robert Bennett, R-Utah, also has shown support for helping those harmed by the radioactive fallout. The federal government owes it to the people who were used as guinea pigs. They are true casualties of the Cold War. Our elected officials can best rectify the situation by doing two things. First, they need to find a way to provide more compensation to the families of people who lost loved ones and to people who have been afflicted with rare cancers who were exposed to radioactive fallout. Second, and perhaps most importantly, our elected officials must take a stand. The federal government is studying a new generation of nuclear weapons. So far, those studies have been done in laboratories. But eventually, such weapons -- billed to be smaller with more utility -- could be tested in the Nevada desert. We know more about nuclear weapons now than we did in the 1950s and '60s. But the federal government has proven that it can't be trusted on this issue. Our elected officials have to vote and speak as vocally against renewed testing as they have about improving the funding for those harmed all those years ago. They have to decide who they really serve: Their parties or the people living in Utah. Originally published Sunday, August 1, 2004 Copyright ©2004 The Spectrum. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 29 Nevada Appeal: Scientists shift view on cask corrosion at Yucca Tahoe.com Associated Press July 31, 2004 LAS VEGAS - Prominent scientists have shifted their stance on a key element of a national nuclear waste dump in Nevada, saying they no longer fear one type of corrosion would quickly weaken casks designed to contain radioactivity. The new position by members of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board boosts plans for the Yucca Mountain repository while the Energy Department prepares to seek a crucial operating license from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Board executive William Barnard attributed the shift to the evolution of understanding about the first-of-its-kind repository. "It's a learning process for DOE," he said, "and a learning process for the board." Opponents downplayed the effect the finding would have on state efforts to block the federal government from burying the nation's most radioactive waste 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas. Steve Frishman, a state consultant on Yucca Mountain, said that while it appeared the Energy Department had solved one corrosion problem, Yucca engineers had not addressed questions about other minerals that could create problems. Sen. Harry Reid, D-Nev., insisted Friday that "overwhelming scientific evidence shows that Yucca Mountain is not safe." "Deciding which type of corrosion is most dangerous will not change that underlying fact," he said. The Energy Department maintains the Yucca project will be safe. The board outlined its position in a four-page letter Wednesday to Margaret Chu, director of Energy Department's Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, which directs the Yucca project. Chu did not plan to comment, a spokesman said. Technical Review Board staff members said that while some concerns had been allayed, more needed to be known before scientists can be confident the Yucca Mountain repository would work the way the Energy Department expects. Congress in 2002 picked Yucca Mountain as the site to bury 77,000 tons of highly radioactive waste from commercial nuclear reactors and military and industrial sites in 39 states. The Energy Department wants to open the repository in 2010 and spend 24 years entombing the waste in casks made of nickel 22 metal alloy in tunnels 1,000 feet below ground. The Technical Review Board threw a wrench into the plan last October, with a report based on Energy Department research that calcium chloride, a mineral compound, could react with moisture in the tunnels and form a brine that could corrode casks within 1,000 years. Such a finding would make it difficult for the repository to win an operating license. The review board, created by Congress to evaluate Yucca science, convened a two-day seminar in May at which the Energy Department and other organizations presented updated analyses. All contents © Copyright 2004 nevadaappeal.com Nevada Appeal - 580 Mallory Way - Carson City, NV 89701 ***************************************************************** 30 The Reporter: Transporting nuclear waste makes no sense for anyone August 01, 2004 Reporter Editor: While watching a recent "60 Minutes," something caught my attention. They were talking about the current problem of nuclear waste. There was an idea of moving all of the nuclear waste produced in the United States to an isolated mountain in Nevada. The waste would be placed in extremely strong cases and taken by train or truck to Nevada. The idea is to take these cases over a period of 24 years, taking one to six shipments a day. This is one of the stupidest ideas I have ever heard. First, the trucks and trains are almost complete open to attack. Second, most of the trains and trucks would have to go through Chicago and Las Vegas. This is like asking for a terrorist attack on a major city. I understand that the waste is so dangerous that only a little would have to leak out and it would be lethal for an entire city. It would make us vulnerable to a horrible terrorist attack. It takes 10,000 years for the waste to become neutral. In 10,000 years, who knows what will become of the waste or the mountain? The people of Nevada should have their opinions heard. They live there. If I lived there I definitely would not want this. I don't know the answer, but what is being considered is not it. This is something that requires much consideration from our leaders and people who know the danger. I'm a 14-year-old freshman in high school and I hope this letter will make a difference. Brandon Ernst, Vacaville ***************************************************************** 31 CA DTSC: Perchlorate What is Perchlorate? August 1, 2004 [ Department of Toxic Substances Control] Perchlorate is both a naturally occurring and manmade contaminant increasingly found in groundwater, surface water and soil. Most perchlorate manufactured in the U.S. is used as an ingredient in solid fuel for rockets and missiles. In addition, perchlorate-based chemicals are also used in the construction of highway safety flares, aluminum refining, electroplating and the production of paints. Perchlorate contamination has been reported in at least 20 states. Perchlorate greatly impacts human health by interfering with iodide uptake into the thyroid gland. In adults, the thyroid gland helps regulate the metabolism by releasing hormones, while in children, the thyroid helps in proper development. Perchlorate is becoming a serious threat to human health and water resources. What is DTSC Doing to Prevent Further Perchlorate Contamination? In addition to overseeing the cleanup of sites contaminated with perchlorate, AB 826, the Perchlorate Contamination Prevention Act of 2003, requires DTSC to adopt regulations by December 31, 2005 specifying best management practices for perchlorate and perchlorate-containing substances. Owners or operators of a perchlorate facility will be prohibited from managing perchlorate materials unless they are in compliance with the best management practices. For more information, please contact Ed Nieto at (916) 322-7893. Fact Sheets and Other Information on Perchlorate + Cleaning Up Perchlorate + Cal/EPA Fact Sheet on Perchlorate Contaminants + List of Perchlorate Materials NEW + Perchlorate Testing Guidance + Perchlorate Contamination Treatment AlternativesAdditional On-line Perchlorate Resources + Sites with Confirmed Perchlorate Contamination in California + Information on the Public Health Goal for Perchlorate + Perchlorate in Drinking Water + Drinking Water Action Level for Perchlorate + U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Perchlorate Information + Perchlorate News and Information + Environment California Research and Policy Center + Groundwater Resources Association + Water Districts in California [ ] © 2003 State of California. ***************************************************************** 32 Newsday: Settlement allows for waste cleanup Newsday.com [August 2, 2004] BY TOMOEH MURAKAMI TSE Staff Writer The federal government and subsidiaries of Allegheny Technologies have reached a $21.9-million interim settlement in the cleanup of a Superfund site in Glen Cove, clearing the way for mounds of contaminated dirt to be removed from city waterfront property, officials said. The money is part of an estimated $54 million to clean the site and does not preclude either party from paying more later. Under the interim agreement announced Thursday by the U.S. attorney's office in Brooklyn, TDY Holdings and TDY Industries, subsidiaries of Pittsburgh-based Allegheny Technologies, will pay $1 million and several federal agencies will pay $20.9 million. "This allows us to proceed with the plans for the waterfront," said Cara Longworth, director of the city's Community Development Agency. "This is a happy day for the city of Glen Cove." Aside from TDY and the federal government, there are at least a dozen other "potentially responsible parties" who may have to pay for the rest of the cleanup. The agreement, which follows a lawsuit TDY filed against the federal agencies in 2000, means that the removal of about 60,000 cubic yards of mostly low-level radioactive waste at the Captain's Cove property can start soon, Longworth said. The settlement says the federal agencies must pay the money as soon as possible and will be charged interest after 120 days. The goal is to remove the soil before winter, said Assistant U.S. Attorney Deborah Zwany. The agreement comes nine months after the federal agencies, the city of Glen Cove and Wah Chang Smelting and Refining Co., an ore-processing operation west of Captain's Cove, had agreed to clean the site. But because of legal issues, that agreement, which is still filed with the court and now on hold, would have taken longer to finalize, Zwany said. The new settlement allows for a quicker removal of the waste, she added. The site, on the north side of Glen Cove Creek, consists of the 26-acre former Li Tungsten Corp. property on Herb Hill Road and sections of the Captain's Cove property, about a quarter-mile to the west. Li Tungsten, which processed metals, was originally part of the Li family-held Wah Chang Smelting &Refining Co. of America, which sold a majority interest in the plant to Teledyne Corp. Allegheny acquired Teledyne in 1996, a Teledyne spokeswoman said. The federal government, which owned some land and buildings on the Li Tungsten property, refined tungsten there during World War II. Copyright © 2004, Newsday, Inc. ***************************************************************** 33 PE.com CLEANUP: A federal agency declines to put the qualifying site on its list, noting the state's role. Inland Southern California 11:47 PM PDT on Friday, July 30, 2004 By JENNIFER BOWLES, PAIGE AUSTIN and BONNIE STEWART / The Press-Enterprise Meeting The California Department of Toxic Substances Control will hold an open house to update the community on the pollution at Wyle Laboratories. When: 5:30 to 7 p.m. Aug. 16 Where: Corona-Norco Unified School District Learning Center, south meeting room, 2820 Clark Ave., Norco Online: www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Wyle_Laboratories/index.html Soil and groundwater pollution at Wyle Laboratories in Norco is serious enough to place it on the federal Superfund list of the nation's worst toxic sites, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency officials said Friday. However, because the state is overseeing the testing and cleanup of pollution found at the plant, the federal agency is declining to place the site on the list, said Dawn Richmond, EPA's site assessment manager. The laboratory, over the past 47 years, has tested products for the defense industry as well as electronics and components for space shuttles and rocket engines. Still, residents who live near Wyle - and have blamed the facility for their illnesses - greeted the announcement as vindication. They say the company and some public officials for years have downplayed contamination at Wyle. "The people of this community have been brainwashed to think that there is no problem," said Pat Dubiel, who lives on Golden West Lane next to Wyle and blames the company for her life-threatening thyroid disease and severe respiratory problems. "This is like a double-edged sword, because it shows that there is something there and that Wyle isn't the good neighbor the city always said it was," she said. "But I'm scared to death for our health, our kids' health and for the schools." Two schools and dozens of homes border the Wyle property. In 2002, a developer submitted plans for 372 homes on the company's land, but the project was stymied after nearby residents protested and tests began to reveal contamination. Despite the EPA's decision, environmental activist LaRae Spera said she and other residents will lobby to put Wyle on the Superfund list to have it recognized for its significance and so that people could have better access to online information about the site. Contaminants Richmond said a yearlong EPA investigation at Wyle discovered high levels of pesticides, heavy metals, the rocket-fuel chemical perchlorate, and an industrial solvent known as TCE in the soil and groundwater. The levels are high enough to carry potential health risks, Richmond said. Perchlorate and TCE are both suspected cancer-causing agents. "It has not impacted the drinking water yet, but the potential is there," she said. Two-dozen active drinking-water wells within four miles of the Wyle site serve more than 173,000 people. In the neighborhood around Wyle, the EPA found high levels of naturally occurring metals. Richmond said some low levels of heavy metals and volatile organic compounds such as TCE were found near a flood-control channel south of the laboratory. Telephone messages seeking comment from Wyle officials weren't returned Friday afternoon. Norco City Councilman Hal Clark said the EPA announcement didn't tell him anything he didn't already know. "We knew that there was contamination out there, and we knew that it had to be cleaned up," he said. "I still haven't seen any numbers from the EPA and so I don't know what this means. It seems like nothing different is going to happen." Cleanup roles The Superfund list includes 1,243 sites across the nation, including seven in Riverside and San Bernardino counties. Among them is Stringfellow acid pits in Glen Avon, where 35 million gallons of industrial wastes - pesticides, heavy metals and other poisonous chemicals - were dumped into unlined ponds between 1956 and 1972. The state's Department of Toxic Substances Control is overseeing both the Wyle and Stringfellow cleanups. A Superfund site can qualify for federal funding for cleanup, however the federal Superfund program is cash-strapped. In Wyle's case, the state has ordered the company to pay for removing contamination. Jeanne Garcia, a spokeswoman for the state agency, said the EPA's decision doesn't change the state's role at Wyle. "The work that's being done won't be any different," she said. State workers this summer discovered traces of a TCE in soil-gas samples taken at six homes, including Dubiel's. A state toxicologist at the time said the contamination posed no increased risk of cancer for residents. However, soil-gas samples taken within 30 yards of two homes on Golden West were more than five times higher than the state's threshold for potential harm from long-term exposure. No cleanup strategy has been made public for Wyle, but contamination at other sites has been reduced through soil removal or treatment and by pumping out tainted water and removing pollutants. Garcia said the state agency is considering ways to physically block the pollution at Wyle's border. "If we can stop it at the boundary," she said, "it won't migrate into the neighborhood." Reach Jennifer Bowles at (951) 368-9548 or jbowles@pe.com Reach Paige Austin at (951) 893-2106 or paustin@pe.comMore © 2004 Belo Interactive Inc. ***************************************************************** 34 UK Independent: BNFL aims to throw veil of secrecy over the movement of radioactive waste Nuclear giant says it wants to prevent terrorist attacks, but environmentalists accuse it of a cover-up. Clayton Hirst reports 01 August 2004 British Nuclear Fuels (BNFL) is to have information on the movement of radioactive material by road, rail and sea classified. The state-owned company believes the decision will reduce the chances of its nuclear material being targeted by terrorists. Environmentalists have branded the move a "cover-up". The decision will mean the public could be kept in the dark if nuclear material is transported on passenger ferries or through the Channel Tunnel. BNFL has taken its cue from a new report produced by the Department of Trade and Industry-funded Office for Civil Nuclear Security (OCNS). This recommends that details of the movements of all but the lowest category of radioactive material should "not be releasable". The report says: "Information of this sort would be an aid to choosing targets while planning attacks for theft or sabotage." It warns: "If nuclear material were to be stolen or sabotaged, for example by terrorists, the potential consequences could be extremely grave." Britain is one of the world's biggest transporters of radioactive material. According to BNFL, in the past 30 years, some 7,000 tons of spent fuel has been moved over 4.5 million miles. The OCNS recommends restrictions on other nuclear information. The report says that details of the quantity, type and location of radioactive waste from decommissioning should be kept out of the public domain. The OCNS also says that some of the information contained in planning applications for nuclear facilities should be placed in an "annexe", marked confidential. "The planning authorities should be notified that [the annexe] is to be protected and not for public consumption," the report says. A BNFL spokesman confirmed that it would be "guided by [the OCNS] advice". He added: "It is a completely responsible attitude to take in this day and age." He rejected accusations that BNFL was suppressing information: "Rather than become shrouded in secrecy, we are working with key stakeholders to find ways of improving communications with the public." BNFL has set up a so-called Stakeholder Dialogue Working Group, which will publish its own report on security before the end of the year. The news has, however, raised the alarm among environmentalists. Norman Baker MP, the environment spokesman for the Liberal Democrats, said: "It is right that appropriate action is taken to ensure that nuclear material is not an easy terrorist target. But I am concerned that this may be used to cover up unacceptable practices." Mr Baker cited a recent OCNS report on a train carrying nuclear waste. The train was parked in sidings at Willesden, north-west London, but the OCNS found that security arrangements were inadequate and kept it there for a week. Mr Baker also pointed to a recent written parliamentary answer by Transport minister David Jamieson. The minister revealed that the transportation of radioactive material on passenger ferries and through the Channel Tunnel "is permissible". Greenpeace is also worried about the decision. Jean McSorley, the pressure group's nuclear campaign co-ordinator, said the move could have serious implications for local authorities. "Councils need to know about the transportation of the material should there be an accident. As we all know, in this kind of situation it would be local authority people who would be expected to go on site and sort things out. "The irony is that if a terrorist group really wanted to find out the movements of nuclear material then they could. People talk." UK Independent Ltd. ***************************************************************** 35 SD Union-Tribune: Finding peace in Hiroshima SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Features -- The world's first A-bombed city draws a mantle of serenity over itself and its visitors By Peter Rowe UNION-TRIBUNE STAFF WRITER August 1, 2004 KAZUHIRO NOGI / AFP/Getty Images A boy looks at lanterns on the Motoyasu river in front of the A-bomb dome in Hiroshima on the 2003 anniversary of the destruction. HIROSHIMA  When the train eased into the station, I grabbed my bags and swallowed hard. This pilgrimage to the nuclear age's ground zero held all the appeal of a broccoli and liver sandwich. Good for me, perhaps, but nothing I'd enjoy. So I rode the shinkansen, the bullet train, for a quick visit. Steps from the station, I caught a trolley bound for the Peace Memorial Museum and opened my guidebook. "Although it's a busy, prosperous, not unattractive industrial city," the text noted, "visitors would have no real reason to leave the shinkansen in Hiroshima (population 1,085,000) were it not for that terrible instant on 6 August 1945 when the city became the world's first atomic bomb target." City of Hiroshima: www.city.hiroshima.jp Japan National Tourist Organization: www.jnto.go.jp/eng Use Google or Yahoo to find information on Miyajima, the Island of Shrines and the Peace Memorial. Thus, the common wisdom. But that evening, departing Hiroshima for less haunted destinations, I arrived at a startling conclusion: the common wisdom is wrong. Two months later, I returned for a longer stay, determined to see more of this city of nightmares, dreams and surprising beauty. Still, the second visit began exactly as the first had. Shinkansen. Trolley. Museum. During a six-month stay in Japan, I visited dozens of World War II memorials and shrines. Without question, the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum was the best. Exhibits here provide a nuanced, unblinking account of Japan's role in the war. Nor do they shrink from this city's record as a key military port. "Each time Japan became involved in military action," read a caption under an 1894 photo from the Sino-Japanese War, "Hiroshima was the base for assembly and dispatching of troops. As years went by, Hiroshima's military facilities grew more numerous and substantial." On a historic level, this helps explain why war came home to Hiroshima. On a personal level, though, this does nothing to soften the horrors of Aug. 6, 1945. The museum explains the bomb in scientific terms; that's tough enough. But to see a child's battered lunch box, the meal reduced to radioactive ash; school uniforms, scorched and shredded by the blast; photos of naked men and women, kimono patterns burned into their skin; the stories of a few of the 75,000 who died here: This is obscene. KAZUHIRO NOGI / AFP/Getty Images The centerpiece of Hiroshima is unquestionably Peace Memorial Park (above) and Memorial Hall. Outside the museum, I watched a woman sweep the Peace Memorial Park's tidy grounds with a reed broom. The park is brightened by trees and flowers, but its hallmark is the skeletal Hiroshima Prefectural Industrial Promotion Hall, now called the A Bomb Dome. At the park's northern border is the Aioi Bridge; the bomb detonated about 1,900 feet over the T-shaped span. Here, as in many Hiroshima sites, the monstrous coexists with the mundane. The bridge is bracketed by the A Bomb Dome, and the Hiroshima Carp's stadium. The bridge also has a trolley stop. I boarded and 50 minutes later got off 1,400 years in the past. This is Hiroden-Miyajima-Guchi station, where ferries offer a 10-minute voyage to Miyajima, the Island of Shrines. As the ferry crossed the Inland Sea, I could see trees poking through Mount Miten's mist-enshrouded 1,740-foot peak. In this overcrowded and overbuilt nation, pristine Miyajima is a breath of fresh, pine-scented air. The heavily forested slopes are dotted with pagodas and temples. On a shoreline promenade, I was charmed by the innumerable statues of deer. Then the "statues" walked toward me. On Miyajima, the protected wildlife feel no qualms about panhandling strangers. Judging by the signs, these encounters can be unpleasant. One warned: "Stay away from deer with antlers." I did my best, carefully retreating to Itsukushima-jinja, a Shinto shrine established in 593. The shrine is a Japanese icon, the star of innumerable posters and postcards. Graceful arcades and piers lead to the sea. There, a torii gate, its pilings anchored beneath the surface, appears to rise from the sparkling blue depths. Except at low tide, as when I visited. Then the majestic red gate rises over a muddy plain. The torii seemed to be marking the end zone for a Shinto version of football. Returning to Hiroshima, my thoughts turned again to sports. This time, at least, I could not be accused of cultural insensitivity. In the ferry terminal, a massive TV was tuned to the day's biggest story. The Seattle Mariners were playing the New York Yankees. Make that, Ichiro Suzuki's Mariners were playing Hideki Matsui's Yankees. "Do Americans really like Ichiro and Matsui?" a Japanese woman asked me. I gave a reflexive answer  "Of course!" But in my hotel that night, bewildered by the raucous spectacle of Japanese TV, I considered how little I knew of the Japanese. Including their attitudes. "In newspaper polls," Gengo Nakajima told me, "even in Hiroshima, when Japanese are asked which country they admire most, the No. 1 answer is the U.S." Nakajima would know. He's executive officer for international relations at the Japanese Newspaper Publishers' Association. He's based in Tokyo, but when business took him to Hiroshima, he graciously offered to act as my guide and interpreter. He introduced me to the Hon-dori shopping arcade and okonomiyaki, a local delight that resembles a pancake stuffed with cabbage and meat. He also introduced me to several of the 80,000 hibakusha, or A-bomb survivors, still living in Hiroshima. Yoshito Matsushige, 91, spent most of his professional life photographing singers and actors for the Chigoku Shimbun, Hiroshima's newspaper. But on the afternoon of Aug. 6, 1945, he shot five of the grimmest images ever captured by a camera. When the bomb detonated, Matsushige was with his wife in their home, almost two miles from the hypocenter. For hours, he struggled to reach downtown Hiroshima, picking his way past sparking electric wires and witnessing a parade of victims stagger from the city, their skin falling from their hands and faces. "They were walking like ghosts," he said. By 2:30 p.m., he reached the city center. Dozens of survivors were huddled on Miyuki Bashi, a bridge, too physically or emotionally battered to move on. For half an hour, the photographer watched them. He clutched the tools of his trade, unsure of what to do. "Before I became a professional cameraman, I had been just an ordinary person. So when I was faced with a terrible scene like this, I found it difficult to push the shutter. I was standing on Miyuki Bashi for about 20 minutes before I could do it. "Finally, finally, I thought, I am a professional cameraman so I have to." Among the blast's victims was Hiroshima Castle, first built in 1591, and nicknamed Carp Castle because of its location near the sea. The five-story castle was rebuilt in 1958. Perhaps Hiroshima wished to recapture its past and to offer something nonapocalyptic to future visitors. No matter the motive, the castle is a winner. The white and black exterior towers over a wide moat. The effect is forbidding, but don't be put off. The first four floors contain armor, swords and other glimpses into Hiroshima's samurai era. The top floor offers great views from an outdoor observation platform. The castle, though, lacks a few modern conveniences. Before climbing to the top, I spied this notice: "No lavatories in the castle." Fortunately, when I exited the castle, I found a public restroom. Unfortunately, the doorless men's room affords unimpeded views of everything. Fortunately, in Japan no one is rude enough to stare as you conduct your business. Two blocks east of the castle complex, I stumbled upon the 17th-century Shukkei-en Garden. This patch of greenery is often overlooked because it is not one of Japan's best gardens. That means it's not staggeringly beautiful, only marvelous. You could say the same of Hiroshima. Only its tragedy is world-class; with the exception of Miyajima, the rest of the city's attractions and achievements are merely splendid. Eating a fine breakfast in my pleasant hotel's nice restaurant, I met Dave and Gail Frank, tourists from Oregon, and their 19-year-old son. "This is like my favorite city," Joel Frank said. "If I can come back to live in Japan, I'd come here. I love Hiroshima." Rain had splashed the city the night before, but now the clouds were lifting. Fifteen stories below us, surrounded by rivers and freshened by stands of camphor and Japanese maple, Hiroshima's Peace Park glistened in the sunshine. It was one helluva view, enough to break your heart. | Contact the Union-Tribune © Copyright 2004 Union-Tribune Publishing Co. ***************************************************************** 36 Japan Times: Antinuke group aims at North Korea Monday, August 2, 2004 Simmons Events marking atomic bomb anniversary take on new tone A major antinuclear group began a series of campaigns Sunday in Tokyo ahead of the 59th anniversary of the 1945 U.S. atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, with its focus on North Korea's nuclear program and denuclearization in Northeast Asia. The Japan Congress Against A- and H-Bombs (Gensuikin) hosted an annual international meeting attended by guest speakers, including experts on nuclear issues on the Korean Peninsula, U.S. nuclear policies and Japanese-North Korean relations. "Unlike Iraq, North Korea is (geopolitically) surrounded by strong countries. It is the North Korean leaders themselves who feel threatened the most by other countries in the area," Lee Jong Wong, a professor at Rikkyo University (St. Paul's University) in Tokyo, told an audience of some 100 people. "Nuclear development is a reasonable choice for North Korea to maintain its prestige domestically and people's support to the current regime," Lee said, adding that nuclear policies could also be an obstacle to the reconstruction of the North's state system. "Comprehensive dialogues with other countries would be a way out." The Tokyo conference, as part of the World Congress Against A- and H-Bombs, will be followed by various events such as public debates and peace classes for children in Hiroshima from Wednesday to Friday and in Nagasaki on Saturday and Aug. 9, Gensuikin officials said. Another major antinuclear group, the Japan Council against A & H Bombs, known in Japanese as Gensuikyo, will start a series of rallies dubbed the World Conference against A & H Bombs on Monday in Hiroshima, where a peace memorial ceremony will be held Friday. Gensuikyo's events in Hiroshima will continue through Friday and then move to Nagasaki for rallies on Aug. 8 and 9. Hiroshima will mark its anniversary Friday. Nagasaki will do so on Aug. 9. Every year, the two nationwide organizations hold various seminars, symposiums, lectures, discussions, forums and international conferences inviting peace and antinuclear icons from home and abroad. Gensuikin has close ties with the Democratic Party of Japan, the country's largest opposition party, and the Social Democratic Party. Gensuikyo maintains a close relationship with the Japanese Communist Party. Gensuikyo was established in 1955, stirred by antiwar feelings inspired by public awareness of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and generated a powerful movement against atomic and hydrogen bombs. In 1963, however, differences among its members over views on the nuclear testing fractured the group, resulting in the 1965 birth of Gensuikin. Since then, they have rarely acted together. On Pyongyang's nuclear ambitions, multilateral efforts are under way, with Japan and the United States stressing at the third round of the six-nation talks in June the need for inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency. Russia, China, North Korea and South Korea are also involved in the six-way talks. Washington, Tokyo and Seoul have called for Pyongyang's "complete, verifiable and irreversible dismantlement" of nuclear programs, while North Korea wants security assurances and energy assistance in return. The fourth round of the six-nation talks is expected to be held by the end of September. The Japan Times: Aug. 2, 2004 (C) All rights reserved ***************************************************************** 37 IPC: Dimona Radiation Sickness - Nuclear Disaster Looms? INTERNATIONAL PRESS CENTER-PALESTINE GAZA, August 1, 2004 (IPC + Agencies)-- Official Israeli sources warned of a nuclear and chemical catastrophe due to the aging of the Dimona nuclear reactor and the inability of chemical warehouses to cope with an emergency. The Israeli Environment Ministry released a report about a recent earthquake that struck Israel, including Ashkelon port, where chemical substances are stored. The report revealed that the processing of these chemicals was not properly handled and warned of a catastrophe that might jeopardize the lives of many people. The Environment Ministry's report came shortly after a report by the Israeli Health Ministry, in which it referred to the increase of cancer symptoms among those living around the Dimona nuclear reactor and near the ports that received ships working on nuclear energy. The report recommended the distribution of Iodine pills to protect against the radioactive danger. The Environment Ministry revealed that there are 439 chemical warehouses in Israel, run by 182 different parties, which have not decreased the amount of stored chemicals inside the warehouses. Their report continued by pointing out that these warehouses were not prepared for times of war or any hostile attacks. The report also warned that the Gulf of Haifa has become heavily polluted due to the leaking of chemicals that might do serious damage to people's health. Furthermore, Israeli military sources have recently disclosed that several missiles with chemical warheads were deployed in several points throughout historical Palestine. These warheads are clearly visible from the area of Hittin, in the north of Palestine. The leakages have resulted in a rise in cancer cases among those dwelling near the Dimona reactor and has forced the Israeli government to approve the distribution of Logol pills (containing Iodine) in several villages and towns around Dimona, including several villages inhabited by the Arabs of the Negev Desert. The distribution of these pills came in response to a demonstration by the Arab Negev dwellers, who protested the increased leaking of nuclear radiation from the Dimona reactor. The Israeli nuclear whistleblower, Mordechai Vanunu, has revealed that the Israeli government and Dimona reactor management intentionally leaked the radiation away from Israeli inhabitants and towards neighboring countries such as Jordan. He stated that working times inside the reactor were determined when the winds were towards Jordan, so the fumes from the reactor's chimneys could be blown in the Jordanian direction. He also added that so far, Israel's nuclear arsenal is composed of 100-200 nuclear bombs, which make it more a threat to the entire Middle East than Iraq. Check out our Mirror Website www.ipc-ps.info ***************************************************************** 38 Hanford News: Portland wants halt to Hanford shipments This story was published Thursday, July 29th, 2004 By the Herald staff The Portland City Council will consider a resolution today supporting the halt of shipments of radioactive waste to Hanford until existing contamination at the nuclear reservation is cleaned up. Supporters of the ban on shipments are expected to rally outside city hall in radiation protection gear with mock drums of radioactive waste. They are concerned about waste shipments coming through Oregon. The resolution is similar to Initiative 297, which Washington voters will decide in November. It would attempt to halt nuclear waste shipments from other states to Hanford until existing wastes are cleaned up by preventing the state from approving permits for new-waste facilities. Those opposed to the initiative point out that the Department of Energy plans to import some low-level waste to Hanford but to export far worse waste to repositories in New Mexico and Nevada. © 2004 Tri-City Herald. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 39 Hanford News: Changes made at Fluor Hanford This story was published Friday, July 30th, 2004 By Annette Cary, Herald staff writer Fluor Hanford, the primary Department of Energy contractor for cleaning up the nuclear reservation, announced a management reorganization Thursday. The reorganization will align departments more closely with the way DOE has organized work for the remaining two years of Fluor's contract, said spokesman Geoff Tyree. Fluor is close to removing spent nuclear fuel from the K Basins and has finished stabilizing plutonium at the Plutonium Finishing Plant. "We're putting more focus on closing facilities and taking down skylines," Tyree said. Two new vice presidents have been named. Pete Knollmeyer, who has worked with Fluor as a consultant, will manage the closure of the K Basins. The basins are two huge indoor pools used to store spent nuclear fuel far past their design life. Radioactive sludge needs to be removed and then the pools removed. Knollmeyer comes to Fluor from Project Enhancement Corp. in Richland. Mike Belles, the second new vice president, comes to Hanford from Del-Jen, a Fluor affiliate company. He will lead Closure Services and Infrastructure. The Hanford Fire Department will become part of his group. In another change, waste disposal and ground water remediation will be split into two projects. Vice President Dick Wilde will be in charge of ground water issues and the Waste Sampling and Characterization Facility. Vice President Dale McKenney will manage solid waste stabilization and disposition. In addition an advisory group of industry experts has been established to offer advice to Fluor. © 2004 Tri-City Herald. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 40 Hanford News: Portland wants halt to Hanford shipments This story was published Friday, July 30th, 2004 By Annette Cary, Herald staff writer The Portland City Council unanimously passed a resolution Thursday calling for the halt of radioactive waste shipments to Hanford after listening to information provided by the Sierra Club. Mayor Vera Katz was absent. The Bush administration is planning to send up to 70,000 truckloads of radioactive waste to Hanford, the resolution said. A thousand or more of those truckloads would come through Portland and could expose residents to dangerous levels of radioactivity, it said. Even without any accidents, the shipments would cause at least 10 cancer deaths in motorists traveling near radioactive shipments, it said. The information is disputed by the Department of Energy. A recent record of decision would allow up to 5,600 truckloads of radioactive waste to be shipped to Hanford, said DOE spokeswoman Colleen Clark in Richland. Where that waste will come from has not been determined, so DOE cannot say how many shipments might go through Portland, she said. Nat Parker of the Sierra Club agreed that the proposal called for far less waste than 70,000 truckloads to be shipped to Hanford. He put the amount at 17,000 truckloads, a quarter of that. DOE has agreed to ship to Hanford no more than a quarter of the waste across the DOE nuclear complex that's suitable for disposal at Hanford. "It's deadly no matter what," Parker said, adding that one shipment is too many. He defended the 70,000 truckload figure used in the resolution, saying DOE could decide to issue a new record of decision for more waste. He believes a good share of the waste would come through Portland because of the amount of waste DOE needs to dispose of that's now in California. The resolution statement that at least 10 people would die also was questioned by DOE and the Oregon Department of Energy. "The federal Department of Transportation sets regulations that are very conservative and states can impose their own guidelines," Clark said. It's "pretty unlikely" that people would die, said Ken Niles, the assistant director of Oregon's Department of Energy. In the environmental study on which the record of decision was based, DOE looked at worst case scenarios, he said. Portland wants any shipments deferred until existing contamination at Hanford is cleaned up, a process that will take decades. Hanford is contaminated from the production of plutonium during World War II and the Cold War for the nation's nuclear weapons program. DOE is proposing that no more than 62,000 cubic yards of low-level waste and 26,000 cubic yards of low-level waste mixed with hazardous chemicals be sent to Hanford for disposal. The waste would be buried in lined trenches. Some waste mixed with plutonium also could be sent to Hanford for processing, but not burial. The Portland resolution is similar to Initiative 297, which Washington voters will decide in November. It would attempt to halt nuclear waste shipments from other states to Hanford until existing wastes are cleaned up by preventing the state from approving permits for new waste facilities. The Tri-City Industrial Development council is warning that the DOE plan for Hanford has been to ship far more waste out than would be accepted in for processing. High-level waste would be shipped out to a federal repository, likely Yucca Mountain in Nevada, and waste tainted with plutonium already is being sent to a repository in New Mexico. If waste cannot be shipped into Hanford, DOE may not ship waste out, either, TRIDEC is warning. © 2004 Tri-City Herald. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 41 SF Chronicle: Lapses at labs go back decades Long series of federal reports has cited problems at UC-run weapons facilities Sunday, August 1, 2004 Recent scandals inside the nation's University of California-run nuclear weapons labs are only the latest episodes in a two-decade-long melodrama of security lapses, computer data mishandling, safety hazards and financial mismanagement. Despite repeated complaints by congressional investigators since at least the late 1970s, and more recent studies by the U.S. Energy Department's Office of Inspector General, the university has consistently evaded the ultimate punishment -- loss of its contracts to manage Los Alamos National Laboratory and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. In report after report since the Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan eras, investigators have nailed the labs for problems ranging from the loss of thousands of classified documents to cost overruns in the hundreds of millions of dollars to the hiring of security guards who couldn't shoot straight. Still, the Energy Department historically tended to forgive the labs' security and managerial lapses because it was impressed by their scientific excellence, and consistently awarded UC new contracts without requiring competitions for the prestigious jobs. In the late 1970s, Los Alamos officials were embarrassed by the "erroneous declassification" of "weapons design" documents, including information on "how to design a thermonuclear weapon," which somehow ended up in a local public library, as an investigation by the congressional General Accounting Office (recently renamed the Government Accountability Office) showed at that time. A quarter of a century later, the agency's complaints have only expanded. In a 2004 report by the accounting office, the agency stated that it still considered the labs "a high-risk area vulnerable to fraud, waste, abuse and mismanagement. As of February 2004, this high-risk designation was still in effect." Only recently, though, has UC faced a serious threat to its contracts to run the labs, at least at Los Alamos, where the atomic bomb was born in 1945. The present contract expires in September 2005. Potential competitors for the contract, including the giant University of Texas system, are already quietly preparing for battle. The Livermore contract expires in September 2007. On Friday, UC spokesman Chris Harrington declined to comment for this story. Two decades of government reports detail chronic problems at the UC weapons labs, although in some cases it is unclear whether the responsibility was with UC or the oversight agencies: -- Several reports by the accounting office in the 1980s cited security and managerial problems inside the UC labs and others managed by the Department of Energy. A report in 1987 found that the department had not "reinvestigated" employees' backgrounds in a timely manner to ensure their continuing trustworthiness. The next year, a report cited "major weaknesses" in control over visits by foreign visitors to the weapons labs. -- A 1990 general accounting agency report labeled Livermore's property- management system "inadequate," suggesting this had led to the loss of word processors, cordless hand tools, explosives and exactly 3,677 calculators. In a survey that year, lab managers failed to locate 16 percent of the materials -- worth a total of $45 million -- recorded in a lab database. -- In 1991, another agency report investigated the whereabouts of 600, 000 secret documents in Livermore's custody. About 12,000 of these documents could not be found. The missing documents included information on "nuclear weapons design, X-ray laser design, special nuclear materials such as plutonium, and photographs of nuclear weapons and nuclear weapons tests," noted the report, titled "Accountability for Livermore's Secret Documents Is Inadequate." -- A separate 1991 report cited "numerous weaknesses" in "effective safeguards and security" at the weapons labs. Out of 2,100 weaknesses identified by Energy Department investigators, problems included "poor performance" by security officers and staffers' inability to locate classified documents. It's been a hot summer for the labs and their UC overseers. Earlier this month, Los Alamos lab boss George "Pete" Nanos, furious over the latest loss of secret computer disks, shut down routine lab activities and threatened to fire as many people as necessary to clean house. Meanwhile, Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham has called in the FBI to assist with the Los Alamos investigation. Abraham also extended the Los Alamos "stand-down" to all work involving portable classified computer disks at other national labs, including Livermore. Will these actions make any difference? In the late 1980s, the Energy Department welcomed FBI assistance in trying to improve security measures at the labs. Eventually, though, FBI officials withdrew their staff "because of resistance (to security measures) within DOE," Victor Rezendes, director of the accounting office's "energy, resources and science issues" division, testified before a House committee in April 1999. Likewise, the labs' recent stand-downs aren't the first ones. In April 1999, Livermore underwent several days of stand-down to deal with problems involving cybersecurity. Yet five years later, Livermore's security and safety problems persist. Although UC officials say Livermore has done a much better job of getting its security act together than has Los Alamos, Livermore's problems remain significant: -- In a December 2003 report, the Energy Department's inspector general cited "significant inadequacies" in Livermore's management of its classified computers and portable computer discs, known as CREMs (classified removable electronic media), thus "increasing the vulnerability of these items to loss, abuse and theft." -- The February accounting agency report complains that the nuclear complex's managerial overseer, the U.S. National Nuclear Security Administration, decided to award the next four-year Livermore and Los Alamos contracts to UC in January 2001 without competitive bidding. The agency did this, the report notes, despite the labs' problems, including evidence that Livermore could not demonstrate adequate defenses against emergencies such as accidents or attackers. (Even so, the Energy Department recently extended Livermore's contract by two years.) -- In March, the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board in Washington, D.C., a congressionally mandated advisory group to the Energy Department, reported significant deficiencies in safety procedures involving the 1,500 kilograms (3,300 pounds) of plutonium at Lawrence Livermore. Abraham has announced he will investigate the feasibility of removing all plutonium from the lab -- located in a growing residential area -- and transferring it to a remote site, perhaps in the rural Southwest. Los Alamos is even worse off, judging by the public comments of Energy Department and UC officials. Unnamed officials at the National Nuclear Security Administration told GAO investigators "they did not have a high level of confidence in the (Los Alamos) laboratory's ability to sustain improvements because the laboratory's track record in this regard has not been good," the February GAO report says. But the Energy Department continued to believe that the science coming out of the labs trumped all security and management problems. To quote a 1990 GAO report: "Although DOE was concerned about the degree of its ability to exercise oversight and control and about the university's occasional lack of responsiveness to DOE's concerns, the (Energy) Department recognized that administrative requirements are basically being complied with and determined the laboratory's performance ... far outweighed the administrative problems." Yet the persistent security and managerial lapses were anything but trivial. In his 1999 testimony to Congress, Rezendes of GAO said "numerous reviews" of security safeguards had turned up "serious weaknesses in many of these lines of defense that have led to losses of classified or sensitive information and technology." Among the more embarrassing problems: Labs' security "personnel have been unable to demonstrate basic skills such as arresting intruders or shooting accurately; at one facility (Los Alamos), 78 percent of the security personnel failed a test of required skills," Rezendes said. The Energy Department complained, but never decisively cracked down. "As far back as 1990," Rezendes said in his testimony, the accounting office advised "that DOE should withhold a contractor's fee for failing to fix security problems on a timely basis." Yet the Energy Department had continued to renew UC's contract every time, rather than force the university to bid against outside competitors for the management contract. This made UC's contracts to run the labs "among the longest-running contracts in the DOE complex," Rezendes noted. Hence, during and after the twilight years of the Cold War, the labs' managerial and security problems festered. No one has acknowledged this as sharply as UC's top lab manager, S. Robert Foley, a former admiral who in October 2003 was named UC vice president for laboratory management mainly to straighten out the unfolding mess at Los Alamos. On July 22, in testimony before upset UC regents, Foley charged that at Los Alamos "there has been a lack of accountability, virtually a sense of entitlement that developed over the years in the culture at the (Los Alamos) laboratory ... When they did something wrong, it was 'musical chairs': They could move from one job to another (at the lab). People didn't get fired ... and that's intolerable." The February accounting office report said there was plenty of blame to go around -- not only at UC and the Energy Department, but at the National Nuclear Security Administration as well. UC has "in general taken a 'hands off' approach to overseeing the laboratories," the report concluded, suggesting that the federal agency will have to maintain vigilance "regardless of whether the University of California retains the contracts" for the two labs "or another organization is selected to operate one or both of the laboratories." SECURITY ISSUES AT THE NATIONAL LABORATORIES Security lapses are nothing new at the Los Alamos and Livermore national laboratories, which are contracted for management by the University of California, according to a review of investigative reports from the congressional General Accounting Office (recently renamed the Government Accountability Office) and U.S. Department of Energy. Here are excerpts from some of these reports, along with comments from laboratory and government officials: -- Los Alamos lab's "erroneously declassified information (was) ... found in the public section of the Los Alamos library in May 1979 ... (and) contained a lot of detailed information on how to design a thermonuclear weapon." -- GAO report to Sen. John Glenn, 1979 -- "(Livermore) could not locate 16 percent, or 27,528, of the items recorded in the laboratory's property management database. ... While it is the university's responsibility to take all reasonable precautions to safeguard and protect government property in its custody, it is DOE's responsibility to ensure that the university does so." -- GAO report, April 1990 -- "... at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, 78 percent of the security personnel failed a test of required skills. Of the 54-member guard force, 42 failed to demonstrate skill in using weapons, using a baton, or apprehending a person threatening the facility's security." -- Victor S. Rezendes, GAO official addressing House subcommittee on oversight and investigations, April 20, 1999 -- "At Livermore, we believe our Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) and sensitive and classified information are secure." -- C. Bruce Tarter, then-Lawrence Livermore director, testifying to Congress, July 20, 1999 -- "... there were significant inadequacies in the internal controls over classified computers and classifiable removable media (disks) at Livermore." -- U.S. Energy Department Office of Inspector General, December 2003 -- "The (Energy) department's history of inadequate management and oversight and failure to hold its contractors accountable for results led GAO in 1990 to designate DOE contract management as a high-risk area vulnerable to fraud, waste, abuse and mismanagement. As of February 2004, this high-risk designation was still in effect." -- GAO report, February 2004 -- "I don't care how many people I have to fire (to improve security)." -- George "Pete" Nanos, Los Alamos director in July 16 memo to employees -- "... there has been a lack of accountability, virtually a sense of entitlement that developed over the years in the culture at the (Los Alamos) laboratory. ... When they did something wrong, it was 'musical chairs': They could move from one job to another (at the lab). People didn't get fired ... and that's intolerable." -- S. Robert Foley, vice president of laboratory management, University of California, in July 22 testimony to UC regents WEAPONS LAB SCANDALS THROUGH THE YEARS 1979 Los Alamos: Thermonuclear bomb design information found in public library. 1990 Livermore: $45 million in property missing, including explosives. 1991 Livermore: 12,000 secret documents on weapons missing. 1999 Los Alamos 78 percent of security personnel failed test of required skills.. 2003 Livermore Deficient safety involving about 3,300 pounds of plutonium. Page A - 1 ©2004 San Francisco Chronicle | Feedback | FAQ ***************************************************************** 42 SF Chronicle: The town that gave birth to The Bomb Sunday, August 1, 2004 It's a lovely drive, up through the dry New Mexico scrubland, the Sangre de Cristo mountains in the rear view mirror -- up, up the winding road to this great plateau, and suddenly there you are, right on Central Avenue and in downtown Los Alamos. Atomic City is what some people in New Mexico call it. It might look like a lot of other towns in the rural Southwest, population 18,000, but it is irredeemably different -- this is the place where they designed and built The Bomb. Yes, that one. Or, actually, those two. No. 1, dubbed "Little Boy," vaporized much of Hiroshima on Aug. 6, 1945. Its oversized brother, "Fat Man," obliterated much of Nagasaki three days later. Nuclear weapons. Secrecy. Guards dressed in camouflage uniforms -- they frown on having their picture taken. Security passes on gaily colored cords, dangling from the necks of lab workers on lunch break. U.S. government license plates on the odd SUV. This is what Los Alamos is about -- and has been about since the early 1940s. The Los Alamos National Laboratory, even during its current security-related work suspension, is not so much the 800-pound gorilla around here as it is the 21,000-ton gorilla -- it's the place that ushered into the American vernacular the word "kiloton," which we all came to revere during the half century of the Cold War. Pervasive as the lab is in Los Alamos culture -- it's sometimes called Bombsville, and there's an exercise group called the Atomic City Roadrunners Club -- it is difficult to find. The laboratory itself is spread out over 43 square miles, in 2,224 buildings. Many are fairly innocuous and bland, the kind of thing you might find in an industrial park or, say, in eastern Alameda County, home of its sister facility, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Unless you drive up in the hills outside town -- it offers a splendid view of many of the lab's buildings -- you don't really get a feel for the scope of it, the bigness or sprawl of it all. z And though its residents did conjure up -- and still maintain -- weapons of mass destruction (to use a currently popular phrase), the town itself is quite benign, peaceful even. The beauty of a visit is that it's an easy day trip from Santa Fe, less than a hour away. The best place to start a tour of Los Alamos is to pull into the small parking lot on the right side of Central Avenue overlooked by the Bradbury Science Museum, named for Norris Bradbury, director of the lab from 1945 to 1970. (At press time, the museum was temporarily closed due to the lab work suspension, but expected to reopen soon.) The Bradbury is not difficult to find -- it's on the right, maybe a half-mile from the entrance to town, which is marked by two things: a tall guard tower, left over from the ultra-secrecy days during the war, and a building that houses Bechtel's people who do subcontracting work at the lab. (There's a real nostalgia for the Bay Area here -- both Bechtel and the University of California, which operates the lab for the U.S. Department of Energy, have offices in Los Alamos.) Far from being an apologist for the town's main industry, the museum is a detailed diorama that goes into how The Bomb came about and has exhibits showing how the laboratory carries out its current raison d'etre -- a combination of research and nuclear weapons "stockpile stewardship." (Let's keep track of those weapons; we don't want to lose any.) In the history section of the museum, flanking an exhibit of letters written during World War II between ranking scientists and the government that outline the evolution of the bomb, are stark, white, life-size, plaster-of-Paris statues of J. Robert Oppenheimer, the physicist who led the development of the bomb, and Army Maj. Gen. Leslie R. Groves, overall boss of the Manhattan Project. (It got its name because it grew out of the Manhattan District of the Army Corps of Engineers in New York.) A wonderful letter from Albert Einstein to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in August 1939, points out "some recent work" by scientists on the idea that "uranium may be turned into a new and important source of energy in the immediate future," possibly leading to "the construction of bombs" so powerful that "a single bomb of this type, carried by boat and exploded in a port, might very well destroy the whole port together with some of the surrounding territory." Roosevelt, intrigued by this, sent a reply, saying he's asked the Army and Navy to "thoroughly investigate the possibilities of your suggestion ..." The museum has an exact replica of Fat Man (Little Boy was out for repairs), and the information card says that when it was dropped over Nagasaki at a height of 29,000 feet, it exploded 1,650 feet off the ground and instantly killed 70,000 people and wounded an additional 60,000. The death toll from Fat Man eventually rose to 140,000. The bomb was the equivalent of 21,000 tons of TNT. A few feet away from the Fat Man replica the other day, two men were playing with the interactive display that shows what happens to a house when it is hit by a nuclear weapon. One man mentioned to his companion that Fat Man was 21 kilotons 60 years ago, and "now those suitcase bombs that are out and about -- they're 20 kilotons." The museum has a couple of short films that are well worth watching -- one shows how the lab stores the nation's nuclear missiles, and the other tells how the Manhattan Project evolved in the early 1940s. Before World War II, Los Alamos was known mainly for the Los Alamos Ranch School, a kind of cross between Outward Bound and a New England boarding school, started in 1918 by a man named Ashley Pond. Between the two wars, it was all pretty peaceful up there on the mesa -- the school prospered, and Pond expanded it. One of the people who used to come up to the mesa from his summer home near Santa Fe was J. Robert Oppenheimer. So when the government was seeking an isolated area for its ultra-secret laboratory, Oppenheimer had just the place. By 1942, Los Alamos was selected as the site for the Manhattan Project. "It put it on the map," said tour guide Georgia Strickfaden as she wheeled her little Volkswagen van around the old school buildings, which were requisitioned by the government when scientists needed a place to live in the early 1940s. "Actually, it took it off the map because it was so secret." As a way to deflect the curious during World War II, for example, the government started spreading realistic-sounding, if utterly false, rumors about what was going on in the buildings they had just acquired: It was a POW camp for German officers; it was a home for pregnant WACs; the Corps of Engineers was dredging the nearby Rio Grande to fashion a secret inland submarine base. But the place really was secret, and the secrecy took on odd forms. All addresses for members of the project simply said, "P.O. Box 1663, Santa Fe, N.M." Even on birth certificates, it said you were born in that special post office box. Los Alamos simply did not exist. New arrivals checked in at a storefront office in Santa Fe, then waited for transportation to what was simply called The Hill. Which brings us to Buffalo Tours, a fine, personal two-hour driving tour of Los Alamos that Strickfaden conducts. (She leaves the Otowi Station bookstore, next to the Bradbury Science Museum, each day at 1:30 p.m. Buy tickets early, from any salesperson in the bookstore; the van holds only about a half-dozen people.) Strickfaden, who was born in Los Alamos, is 56 years old, and she worked for the lab for three years back in the early 1980s. As she drives around town and up into the hills, she talks about Los Alamos with the kind of inside authority that comes only from years of knowing the place, years of picking up little tidbits of knowledge here and there. She is, after all, a woman who has her own piece of Trinitite, the volcanic-like rock created by the intense heat of an atomic device fusing the desert sand when Oppenheimer, et al, did their signal test of The Bomb on July 16, 1945. (It worked.) The Volkswagen goes by an imposing log building -- the original dining and social hall for the school -- and down Bathtub Row -- they were the only houses with bathtubs -- where the school's faculty once lived. They were taken over by the Manhattan Project's top scientists. On one side of Bathtub Row is a low foundation wall, maybe a foot high. It's the preserved remnants of a 13th century pueblo, and it looks just like the remnants of a building that has been nuked. Then Strickfaden drives up West Jemez Road and Camp May Road, following signs to the local ski area (founded by nuclear scientist Enrico Fermi, who missed the skiing from his youth in Italy). From up in the hills, you have a placid and thorough view of the buildings that constitute the laboratory sprawl. Over there, the big white roof covers the building housing the world's third-fastest supercomputer; Strickfaden says it does 30 trillion operations per second. On the drive back into town, we go past the Nonproliferation and International Security Center -- "the building the war on terrorism built," Strickfaden says. After a while, all these bland buildings nestling behind chain-link fences begin to have an eye-glazing effect, so Strickfaden wisely points the VW bus out into the hinterlands. Within about 10 minutes, we pass cliff dwellings from the classic pueblo period. It's so Southwest, with that muted pink and dusty color of the rocks and hills. This, after all, is the land that gave us the artist Georgia O'Keeffe, famous for her depictions of flowers and the high desert. Then there is a sudden jar of reality when we pass a modern steel sun shelter where the lab's security guards are practicing on a pistol range. The lab never truly leaves. Strickfaden brings the van back to the bookstore around 3:45 p.m. It's a great opportunity to step out and visit the Otowi Station bookstore, a place of utterly catholic tastes where you can find more than 300 titles on the history and culture of the atomic age, along with various videos of movies that have chronicled our fascination with nukes for the past 60 years. (The store does not discriminate politically -- "Dr. Strangelove, or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb," the classic antiwar satire, is up there next to the Paul Newman picture, "Fat Man and Little Boy," a more orthodox look at the genre.) There are other things to do around Los Alamos, if the history of man's first successful effort to blow up the world are not your thing -- a visit to nearby Bandelier National Monument, for example, with its mesas (see related story on facing page) and old Pueblo homes; or river rafting in the Rio Grande. Lovely as Los Alamos is, however -- and it is clean and refreshing and so Western -- it is the place that changed us all. "We knew the world would not be the same," Oppenheimer said, recalling what it was like just after the first explosion of an atomic bomb, at the Trinity Site in southern New Mexico on July 16, 1945. "A few people laughed, a few people cried. Most people were silent. I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture, the 'Bhagavad Gita,' 'I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.' I suppose we all thought that, one way or another." ----------------------------------------------------------------- If you go All locations below are in Los Alamos, N.M. GETTING THERE From Bay Area, several airlines offer service to Denver; from there, Great Lakes Airlines flies Beechcraft 1900 twin-engine turboprops to Santa Fe's small airport, populated largely by private jets. It's a scenic ride, but can be bumpy. The drive from Santa Fe to Los Alamos is about 35 miles: Go north on Highway 285/84, then west on Highway 502 to Los Alamos. Alternatively, fly nonstop to Albuquerque's larger airport, drive 60 miles north to Santa Fe on I-25, then to Los Alamos. WHAT TO DO Bradbury Science Museum, Central Avenue near 15th Street. (505) 667-4444, . Main attraction for anyone interested in the Manhattan Project and the nation's nuclear weapons program. Open daily except Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year's Day; hour are 1 p.m.-5 p.m. Saturday, Sunday and Monday; 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Tuesday through Friday. Free. (Museum has been closed during the Los Alamos National Laboratory security-related work suspension, but Los Alamos Visitor Center officials expected it to reopen in early August. Call before planning a visit.) Otowi Station Science Museum Shop and Bookstore, 1350 Central Ave. (505) 662-9589, . Next door to the Bradbury; more than 300 titles on the bomb and nuclear power, large selection of general-interest books. Los Alamos Historical Museum, 1921 Juniper St. (next to Fuller Lodge). (505) 662-4493, . Small museum is five-minute walk from the Bradbury; exhibits on early New Mexico, the Manhattan Project and postwar atomic tests at Bikini Atoll in the Pacific. Summer hours: 9:30 a.m.-4:30 p.m. Monday through Saturday, 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. Sunday. Free. Los Alamos National Laboratory, . Off limits to random visitors; most outsiders who enter have specific business there. Lab spokesman James Rickman says that anyone who wants to understand what the lab does should visit the Bradbury Science Museum, "the official public expression of the lab." WHERE TO STAY Best Western Hilltop House Hotel, 400 Trinity Drive. (800) 462-0936 or (505)662-2441, . Doubles $69 weekends, $89 weekdays. Holiday Inn Express, 2455 Trinity Drive. (800) 465-4329 or (505) 661-1110, . Doubles from $89.95. Los Alamos Inn, 2201 Trinity Drive. (800) 279-9279 or (505) 662-7211, . Rooms from $69. WHERE TO EAT Blue Window Bistro, 813 Central Ave. (505) 662-6305. 11 a.m.-2:30 p.m. and 5 p.m.-9 p.m. Monday through Saturday. Entrees $5-$22. Central Avenue Grill, 1789 Central Ave. (505) 662-2005. 11 a.m.-9 p.m. daily. Entrees $8.29-$18.99. Hill Diner, 1315 Trinity Drive, (505) 662-9745. 11 a.m.-9 p.m. Monday through Saturday, 11 a.m.-8 p.m Sunday. Entrees $6.69-$11.29 Lemongrass &Lime, 160 Central Park Square. (505) 661-4221. 11 a.m.-2:30 p.m. and 5 p.m.- 9 p.m. daily except Saturday. Entrees $7-$11.95. FOR MORE INFORMATION Los Alamos Chamber of Commerce and Visitors Center, 109 Central Park Square. (505) 662-8105, . Buffalo Tours, (505) 662-3965, . $12 per person. For more about touring sites related to the atomic bomb, visit . ©2004 San Francisco Chronicle | Feedback | FAQ EOE AMPM(R) Mini Market ARCO ampm mi ***************************************************************** 43 The Enquirer: Fernald hold costing $9,000 a day Sunday, August 1, 2004 Removal crews must remain ready during dispute By Dan Klepal Enquirer staff writer CROSBY TWP. - Because of a legal dispute over where to dispose of radioactive waste from the Fernald nuclear cleanup, taxpayers are spending about $9,000 a day for crews at the long-closed nuclear weapons plant to not perform the work. Since work was halted seven days ago, the wasted money has added up to more than $63,000, and there's no clear sign of when work will resume. Crews must remain ready to begin the operation of sucking the powdery waste out of Silo 3, pouring it in storage sacks and packaging those sacks in steel shipping crates. That requires constant checking and maintenance of the systems, along with routine testing of the operators, using fly ash as a practice material. But the workers cannot actually start the job because Nevada state officials are trying to prevent the Department of Energy from burying the waste in the Nevada desert. State officials there have threatened a federal lawsuit, saying the plan is illegal and unsafe. That leaves about 60 chemical operators, maintenance personnel and supervisors committed to the project with little else to do but practice and wait. Energy officials told the workers July 26 to stay on standby but not to begin removing the waste until the legal dispute is resolved. It is unclear how long it will take. Officials in the Nevada Attorney General's Office said last week that there have been no substantive talks and the two sides are no closer to a remedy than they were in April, when Nevada first made its legal threat. "We've had one phone conversation with the Department of Energy's legal council," said Bob Loux, director of the Nevada Agency for Nuclear Projects in the governor's office. "They basically said they could 'get around' everything. They can't answer the legal questions we've raised satisfactorily." Department of Energy officials refused to comment on the situation. Meanwhile, preparations are being made to begin removing and disposing even more highly radioactive waste in two other storage tanks, called Silos 1 and 2. The transfer of that waste from the silos to temporary holding tanks, where it will be mixed with concrete and fly ash, is scheduled to begin about the second week of September. But that waste also is supposed to be shipped to Nevada, so it remains unclear if that operation also will be delayed by the legal dispute. "At this time, we do not know whether the (Nevada) issues will affect authorization to begin removing waste from Silo 1 and Silo 2," said a memo sent to all Fernald employees July 27. Energy officials say they want their contractor, Fluor Fernald, ready to begin removing the waste two weeks after being told to proceed, and ready to ship the waste 45 days after that notice is given. Energy department lawyers have promised Nevada officials a 45-day notice before the first shipment of waste is sent. The total budget for cleaning the three silos is $400 million. The total budget for cleaning the entire 1,000-acre Fernald complex - an operation that includes cleaning contaminated underground water, demolishing dozens of buildings, removing millions of tons of contaminated soil and cleaning the silos - is $4.4 billion. All of the bills from the Fernald cleanup are paid by taxpayers. 1995-2004. , a newspaper. ***************************************************************** 44 Tri-Valley Herald: Los Alamos lab's security appears great on paper Glowing evaluation comes in wake of recent lapses in handling of nuclear data Article Last Updated: Saturday, July 31, 2004 - By Ian Hoffman, STAFF WRITER Faced by irate congressmen, the Bush administration's chief nuclear-weapons executive condemned recent losses of two drives of nuclear secrets at Los Alamos National Laboratory, saying "there is something about the Los Alamos culture that we have not yet beaten into submission." But on paper, where contract fees for Los Alamos manager University of California are most at stake, his agency -- the National Nuclear Security Administration -- has awarded top marks to Los Alamos for its handling of classified data for the last four years. "It's totally outrageous," said Danielle Brian, executive director of the Washington-based Project on Government Oversight, a watchdog group that has criticized management and security in the U.S. weapons complex. For three weeks, a near-unanimous chorus in Congress, the U.S. Energy Department and the Univer- sity of California have faulted a "culture of arrogance" at Los Alamos for its security failings. Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham last week branded Los Alamos' security failings "widespread" and ordered a national shutdown of all work with classified, portable disks, tapes and drives. Yet the lab's closest overseers at the NNSA, headed by former arms-control negotiator Linton Brooks, have largely been spared. Critics say the agency is not rising to the mission that Congress intended four years ago, when lawmakers created the NNSA to halt security scandals and increase accountability. "There continues to be an ongoing pattern of business management failure and security problems, particularly at Los Alamos, that administrator Brooks has thus far been unable to resolve," Rep. Jim Greenwood, R-Penn., said recently, adding that "the NNSA experiment has not been a great success." Brian said NNSA officials in Los Alamos should have spotted and fixed the problem earlier. "That office is supposed to be the first line of defense and they're repeatedly falling down on the job," Brian said. "It takes the secretary of energy to notice something's wrong, yet there's nobody down the chain of command who noticed a problem at Los Alamos." Creating a new, semi-independent agency out of the Energy Department's old weapons arm to oversee U.S. weapons labs and factories was controversial. Critics said the new agency was too close in personality to the complex and could not be trusted with an oversight role. As if to reinforce the closeness of the labs and the NNSA, the University of California is hiring two senior NNSA executives, including chief of staff John Ventura, to run key portions of its weapons program. "It isn't two different cultures, it's one culture," Brian said. "We absolutely have a revolving door." The last time that federal security overseers in Los Alamos downgraded the lab's protection of classified information was in 1999, the year that Los Alamos engineer Wen Ho Lee was found to have downloaded nuclear-weapons design software and multiple H-bomb designs to portable tapes. Los Alamos' rating for "classified matter protection" dipped to "marginal," a mid-level grade. The next year, two laptop hard drives of multiple nations' nuclear-weapons designs disappeared for at least two weeks. Federal security officials raised the grade to "satisfactory." That's the highest of three possible ratings. The NNSA -- created by Congress to tighten security and accountability after the scandals of 1999 and 2000 -- continued to grade Los Alamos' handling of classified material as satisfactory in 2001, 2002 and 2003. "It reminds you of Lake Wobegon, where all the children are above average," said Steven Aftergood, a secrecy and security researcher at the Federation of American Scientists in Washington, referring to Garrison Keillor's fictional town. "As a diagnostic tool, it's not worth very much. Judging by this report, it turns out there's no problem, and everything's fine. But of course, everything's not fine. What is termed 'satisfactory' is anything but." NNSA spokesman Anson Franklin said the agency's evaluators looked at Los Alamos' procedures for handling classified documents, weapons components and digital storage, such as CDs, drives and tapes. "It is the contractor's responsibility to make sure the procedures are followed," Franklin said. "It is clear that the procedures were not followed at Los Alamos, and the contractor had trouble enforcing the procedures and getting certain personnel to follow them." The missing hard drives were found within 24 hours. But lab and federal investigators have been unable to locate the Zip drives after scouring Los Alamos for three weeks. They disappeared from a safe at the end of a hall by a soda machine. No librarian could see the safe, it was not monitored by video camera and check-out procedures were on a kind of honor code. As part of his nationwide stand-down, Abraham ordered that all portable electronic media classified "secret" or higher be kept in vaults under direct supervision of librarians and that a formal checkout process be instituted. Los Alamos' latest rules allow scientists who check out classified disks to loan them to colleagues until the end of the next business day. "The lesson we've learned from looking into this is that the procedures aren't tight enough and so we're changing the procedures," Franklin said. Contact Ian Hoffman at ihoffman@angnespapers.com. ©2004 by MediaNews Group, Inc. and ANG Newspapers ***************************************************************** 45 UK Independent: examines role of visiting UK researchers By Andrew Gumbel in Los Angeles 01 August 2004 Investigators into a potentially devastating security breach at the US nuclear weapons laboratory at Los Alamos are considering the possibility that visiting British atomic experts made off with two sensitive computer disks that have been missing since early July. That diplomatically explosive scenario was raised at a recent closed-door congressional hearing in Washington, where lawmakers have threatened scientists working at the lab with dismissal or even criminal prosecution for what they see as an inexcusable disregard for security procedures. James Greenwood, a Republican member of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, asked the head of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) directly whether "anyone from the UK was able to physically get their hands on these Zip drives". The NNSA chief, Linton Brooks, did not immediately discount the possibility, according to a transcript of the hearing obtained by the Albuquerque Journal. Instead he answered: "I don't want to seem unresponsive, but I would be more comfortable if we could have this discussion in a different setting." Mr Brooks did reveal, however, that 15 top-secret disks were prepared in early June for a meeting with a British delegation, and that two of these disks later went missing. Just 11 Los Alamos scientists had access to these disks; all 11 have denied any wrong-doing. Los Alamos, where the Manhattan Project was hatched 60 years ago, has been in a state of lockdown for the past week, with all research projects halted and employees in a state of fear bordering on panic. The head of Los Alamos, retired admiral Pete Nanos, has publicly questioned the lab's future and threatened scientists with polygraph tests and mass dismissals. Government critics at Los Alamos claim that Washington is looking for an excuse to purge the lab of scientists wedded to the notion of safeguarding the stockpile of nuclear weapons rather than adding to them. The Bush administration has made little secret of its desire to resume nuclear weapons production for the first time in 15 years to usher in a new generation of "mini-nukes" and atomic bunker-buster bombs for first-strike use. The Energy Department, which oversees the lab, has announced it will consider open bids when its latest management contract with the University of California runs out next year. High on the list of possible replacements are institutions from President Bush's home state of Texas. On the other side of the argument, security experts warn that as many as 20 more disks may have gone missing in recent months - a symptom of a perceived laxness at Los Alamos that even government critics acknowledge. Those familiar with the lab describe restricted data piled up so high in hallways that fire marshals have had to insist on them being destroyed. "I have driven through open gates at Los Alamos into secure areas and there was simply no one around to stop me," said Greg Mello of the Los Alamos Study Group, an organisation campaigning against nuclear proliferation. It is open to question, however, whether this laxness has truly threatened national security, or merely been a reflection of a bloated bureaucracy with too little to do and too many secrecy rules to step around. Government funding has tripled in the past nine years, largely because of a push for new nuclear weapons research by the Republican Party. Until very recently, however, that research has not become a significant part of the agenda. "Stockpile stewardship" has remained the official watchword, with the ever-increasing government grants being seen by scientists and New Mexico politicians as little more than a glorious scam. Given the atmosphere of secrecy, hard facts about the latest security lapse are hard to come by. Mr Mello's best guess is that the British officials came from the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) at Aldermaston, now a private consortium which has provided and maintained Britain's atomic warheads for more than half a century. He further guesses that they were in Los Alamos to talk about Trident missiles. A year ago, the lab began gearing up to be able to produce W-88 warheads for the Trident by 2007. If Mr Mello is correct, then all sorts of bureaucratic cross-currents come into play. AWE is part-owned by the US defence contractor Lockheed Martin, which in turn is one of the bidders to take over Los Alamos when the University of California contract runs out. Was the recent security breach really just the fault of clumsy scientists, or something more calculated? One begins to understand that explosive question in committee on Capitol Hill, and the deep reluctance of America's top nuclear manager to give a straight answer. UK Independent Ltd. ***************************************************************** 46 Google News Alert - nuclear Date: Sun, 01 Aug 2004 16:59:52 -0700 (PDT) LIFTED: Nuclear parts freeze Straits Times - Singapore ... Iran announced it has resumed making parts for centrifuges used for enriching uranium, dealing a fresh blow to European efforts to contain its nuclear programme ... See all stories on this topic: ISRAEL Has Between 100-200 Nuclear Weapons: Vanunu Tehran Times - Tehran,Iran JERUSALEM (Al Bawaba) -- Only two days after the Israeli Supreme Court overruled nuclear whistleblower Mordechai Vanunu’s request to remove the limitations ... See all stories on this topic: US backs out of nuclear inspections treaty Sydney Morning Herald - Sydney,New South Wales,Australia ... has announced that it will oppose provisions for inspections and verification as part of an international treaty to ban production of nuclear weapons materials ... See all stories on this topic: CHINESE Envoy in Seoul to Discuss North Korean Nuclear Standoff Voice of America - Washington,DC,USA A senior Chinese official is in South Korea to discuss preparations for another round of six-party talks about North Korea's nuclear ambitions. ... See all stories on this topic: DPRK urges US to fulfill promise on nuclear issue People's Daily - China ... July 31 the United States to fulfill its promise and stick to the principle of "words for words" and "action for action" in order to solve the nuclear issue on ... See all stories on this topic: THE Navy needs nuclear subs, govt to decide: new Navy Chief Webindia123.com - India ... Admiral Arun Prakash today said his main priority would be augmenting the present force levels of the navy, including acquisition of nuclear-powered submarines ... See all stories on this topic: 'I Revealed Israel's Nuclear Secrets to Stop a New Genocide' Zaman - Turkey Mordehay Vanunu, who leaked Israel's nuclear program to the press almost two decades ago, spoke to the Turkish media for the first time. ... AFTER Nuclear Radiation… Israel Braces for Chemical Disaster International Press Center (press release) - Palestine GAZA, August 1, 2004 (IPC + Agencies)-- Official Israeli sources warned of a nuclear and chemical catastrophe due to the aging of the Dimona nuclear reactor ... See all stories on this topic: IRAN will not break off talks with EU over nuclear programmes Deepika - India Teheran, Aug 1 (DPA) Iran will not break off talks with the European Union over its nuclear programmes, a foreign ministry spokesman told said today. ... See all stories on this topic: 'PROVIDENT Way' for nuclear plant access? Portsmouth Herald - Portsmouth,NH,USA ... When the state widened the intersection last year, it obtained an estimated 500 feet of the nuclear power plant access road, according to Planning Board ... This daily-once News Alert is brought to you by Google News (BETA)... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Remove this News Alert: http://www.google.com/newsalerts/remove?s=92d1672a1b037a07&hl=en Create another News Alert: http://www.google.com/newsalerts?hl=en Try Google News: http://news.google.com/ ***************************************************************** 47 Google News Alert - nuclear Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2004 16:16:39 -0700 (PDT) IRAN Resumes Nuclear Programme Scotland on Sunday - Edinburgh,Scotland,UK Iran confirmed today it has resumed building nuclear centrifuges, saying it was retaliating for the failure of Britain, France and Germany to get its file ... See all stories on this topic: DPRK urges US to fulfill promise on nuclear issue Xinhua - China ... urged the United States to fulfill its promise and stick to the principle of "words for words" and "action for action" in order to solve the nuclear issue on ... See all stories on this topic: INDIA needs nuclear submarines, says Naval Chief Hindustan Times - New Delhi,India The Indian Navy's new Chief on Saturday said the maritime force needed a nuclear-powered submarine and more modern warships to beef up its strength. ... See all stories on this topic: ADMINISTRATION now opposes inspections as part of nuclear treaty Seattle Times - Seattle,WA,USA ... week that it will oppose provisions for inspections and verification as part of an international treaty that would ban production of nuclear-weapons materials. ... See all stories on this topic: NUCLEAR Plant Off-Line After System Failure Los Angeles Times (subscription) - Los Angeles,CA,USA Washington state's only commercial nuclear reactor remained out of service while technicians tried to determine why an automatic shutdown system failed to work ... See all stories on this topic: ART project re-creates '86 nuclear protest Arizona Republic - Phoenix,AZ,USA It was an anti-nuclear protest meant to evoke the blast shadows found in Hiroshima after the first wartime atomic bomb was dropped on Aug. 6, 1945. ... US insists all N Korea’s nuclear programmes must be addressed Hi Pakistan - Lahore,Pakistan BEIJING: The United States has told China there is no change in its demand that all Pyongyang’s nuclear programmes be addressed in the search for a ... See all stories on this topic: SHARON hints at nuclear weapons stock, claims US backing Hi Pakistan - Lahore,Pakistan ... Israel has US backing for its deterrent weapons, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon said in an oblique reference to his country’s secret nuclear arms. ... See all stories on this topic: IRAN Resumes Building Nuclear Centrifuges Guardian - UK TEHRAN, Iran (AP) - A defiant Iran on Saturday said it had resumed building nuclear centrifuges, saying the move was retaliation for the failure of three ... DTI announces new nuclear boss ic Ayrshire.co.uk - Ayrshire,UK The Department of Trade and Industry has announced that Caithness woman Barbara Judge will become Chairman of the United Kingdon Energy Authority. ... This daily-once News Alert is brought to you by Google News (BETA)... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Remove this News Alert: http://www.google.com/newsalerts/remove?s=92d1672a1b037a07&hl=en Create another News Alert: http://www.google.com/newsalerts?hl=en Try Google News: http://news.google.com/ ***************************************************************** 48 [du-list] DU in the news - 31st July 04 Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2004 18:32:20 -0700 UN SUB-COMMISSION HEARS FROM NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ON ... UNPO - The Hague,Netherlands ... Iraqi resources. The second wartime use in Iraq of weapons containing depleted uranium made the situation all the worse. At present ... <http://www.unpo.org/news_detail.php?arg=02&par=1030> To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ADVERTISEMENT 2a6f24.jpg 2a6fa9.jpg ---------- Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: * http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ * * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: * du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com * * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. Attachment Converted: 2a6f24.jpg: 00000001,68901f8d,00000000,00000000 Attachment Converted: 2a6fa9.jpg: 00000001,68901f8e,00000000,00000000 ***************************************************************** 49 [du-list] In that last DU in the news.... Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2004 18:32:22 -0700 http://www.unpo.org/news_detail.php?arg=02&par=1030 KAREN PARKER, of International Educational Development, said the group remained extremely concerned about the situation in Iraq. Inept and dishonest United States leadership, ugly and vicious behaviour of many United States troops and commanders, as well as abject corruption by United States constructors in all areas of reconstruction had severely undermined humanitarian and human rights law and resulted in the wholesale theft of Iraqi resources. The second wartime use in Iraq of weapons containing depleted uranium made the situation all the worse. At present, foreign medical personnel were documenting a medial catastrophe related to low-level radiation and destruction of the Iraqi medical delivery system – already seriously challenged by the long years of economic sanctions. Purposeful killings, maiming, torture and abuse of prisoners of war was a war crime, yet the United States was apparently not to be taken to task by any country for its violations in Iraq, even though all high contracting parties to the Geneva Conventions were under an affirmative duty to seek out alleged violators and bring them to their own national tribunals if the countries involved in a war did not or did so in an inadequate manner. International Educational Development had also long raised the issue of grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions in the course of the war in Turkey against the Kurdish people. To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ADVERTISEMENT 2a74cb.jpg 2a75c4.jpg ---------- Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: * http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ * * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: * du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com * * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. Attachment Converted: 2a74cb.jpg: 00000001,119b5159,00000000,00000000 Attachment Converted: 2a75c4.jpg: 00000001,119b515a,00000000,00000000 ***************************************************************** 50 [du-list] DU in the news 1st August 04 Date: Sat, 31 Jul 2004 18:32:24 -0700 ARMY exercises could harm environment Ninemsn - Sydney,New South Wales,Australia ... site and we don't know what the effects of upgraded training will be, particularly if US forces use explosives utilising depleted uranium not used by the ... <http://news.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=13611> To unsubscribe from this groups send a message to du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. In the body of the message type unsubscribe and send. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ADVERTISEMENT 2a7df2.jpg 2a7e38.jpg ---------- Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: * http://groups.yahoo.com/group/du-list/ * * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: * du-list-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com * * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. Attachment Converted: 2a7df2.jpg: 00000001,46b7e384,00000000,00000000 Attachment Converted: 2a7e38.jpg: 00000001,46b7e385,00000000,00000000 ***************************************************************** 51 SF Chronicle: Cold fusion researcher gets an academic cold shoulder Professor seeks respectability for controversial theory Beth Daley, Boston Globe Sunday, August 1, 2004 Although he's a tenured Massachusetts Institute of Technology associate professor, Peter Hagelstein leads a life of exile. He has never made full professor. He no longer has a lab. Barely anyone came to a lecture he gave about his research a year and a half ago. Virtually all of Hagelstein's problems stem from his study of cold fusion, a type of nuclear reaction that -- if it exists at all -- might have the power to create unlimited, clean energy, essentially on a tabletop. Fifteen years ago, two University of Utah chemists claimed they created such a reaction, an announcement quickly denounced as quackery. Today, cold fusion is as scientifically scorned as UFOs. Now the soft-spoken Hagelstein, who won accolades in the 1980s for conceptualizing a laser critical to Ronald Reagan's "Star Wars" defense plan, and cold fusion have a shot at mainstream science again. Three months ago, the U.S. Department of Energy quietly agreed to examine what cold fusion supporters say is increasing evidence -- culminating at a conference at MIT last summer -- that the reaction exists and is reproducible. If the agency agrees, it will probably mean an injection of both funding and legitimization for the forgotten research. The Department of Energy review is focusing attention on a small band of scientists, including Hagelstein, that continues to work on cold fusion long after its public demise. There are an estimated 100 to 200 of these researchers in the world, many suffering from stagnated careers or damaged reputations because of their refusal to give up on a concept the vast majority of scientists say doesn't exist. "It's not that we have kept quiet as much as no one has looked at what we were doing," said Hagelstein, a reserved but passionate man given to nervous laughter. "We are getting good and powerful results -- we want our name cleared." Cold fusion's mystery Cold fusion defies known physics. Even its supporters remain at a loss to fully explain it. Still, if it exists and is reproducible, it could revolutionize the world, decentralizing energy production so that each home could have its own inexpensive power source without damaging the environment. "This whole story is one our grandkids will learn about," said Edmund Storms, a former Los Alamos National Laboratory scientist who has built his own cold fusion lab next to his New Mexico home. "It has the drama, the conflict and it has hopefully the potential to save mankind." It looked like an experiment a high school chemistry student could do. Using power from a car battery, chemists Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann announced they had re-created the energy source of the sun, stars, and hydrogen bomb by packing atoms together so tightly they appeared to fuse in the contraption. The room temperature experiment gave off more energy than it consumed, the researchers said, amounts that couldn't be explained away by current theories. Within hours, scientists the world over rushed to replicate the work. Finding an energy source through fusion had consumed researchers for 40 years before the announcement, with little to show for it. Unlike fission, which splits atoms to produce energy and is used in nuclear reactors, cold fusion seemed to produce no dangerous byproducts. But confusing results trickled in. Researchers at Moscow University said they reproduced the results. Princeton researchers said they couldn't. At MIT, Hagelstein, a theoretical physicist, felt obligated to see if it could be true. Growing up in smog-choked Los Angeles, he became impassioned at a young age about saving the environment. He remembers bicycling to the beach with a thick layer of smog above him, and the frustration he felt when, as a member of his high school ecology club, he could do precious little to fix it. Though painfully shy, the 49-year-old boyish-faced scientist has a fierce and unshakable trust in himself: He will not stop work on anything unless he is satisfied it is or isn't true. And Hagelstein needed to decide for himself whether cold fusion actually made sense. Within weeks of the Pons/Fleischmann announcement, he submitted four papers to the journal Physical Review Letters theorizing on what might have happened. Eight months later, a U.S. Department of Energy panel recommended against any special funding for cold fusion. Scientists around the world, deeply angry at their lost time and what they saw as grandstanding by Pons and Fleischmann, went back to their methodical grind. Few bothered to look at cold fusion again and many still see it as one of the biggest scientific fiascoes in history. But Hagelstein wasn't done with his calculations. He thought the government's review was too brief. And in many ways, cold fusion reminded him of his work on the X-ray laser in the late 1970s. Then an MIT graduate student, he was told the X-ray laser was a pipe dream, an impossibility. But after spending five years working nights and weekends, he finally came up with a scheme that held up under mathematical scrutiny. His work earned him a prestigious scientific prize. About four years after the initial Pons/Fleischmann experiment, Hagelstein became convinced that cold fusion experiments showed that a new kind of physics was at play -- results were fleeting and not always reproducible, but he believed they were valid. His life changed. Although Hagelstein developed and teaches graduate- level quantum mechanics and numerical modeling classes, and recently wrote a textbook, he keeps a focus on cold fusion. He spends his time methodically poring over mathematical equations that might explain cold fusion, and visiting laboratories that are working on it. Once a particular pathway proves a dead-end -- a process that can take weeks or months -- he moves to another. Many critics think he is wasting time on a foolish subject. Yet many people have the same word to describe Hagelstein: Brilliant, blessed with clarity and an incredibly creative mind. "These are smart people" studying cold fusion, said Mildred Dresselhaus, an MIT institute professor who served on the Department of Energy review board that recommended against funding cold fusion work. "What are the reasons they are still doing it?" Ridicule and results Cold fusion became a joke. Books were written on the debacle, with titles referring to voodoo science and grand hoaxes. Scientific journals routinely rejected work by cold fusion researchers. Tenure came for Hagelstein, but only barely: There were complaints about his cold fusion work. "In the beginning we were pioneers, but to take the sustained abuse over time, it can be devastating," Hagelstein said -- about his cold fusion colleagues, not himself. Speaking in a slow, measured voice, he refuses to indulge in regrets or blame. "We knew it was going to be tough." What science rejected, pop culture embraced. A software company, a snowboard maker, and even an Iowa rock band adopted cold fusion's name. It became the subject of the 1997 movie "The Saint." Cold fusion research was funded for several years overseas after the U.S. panel condemned it, and today, cold fusion researchers say they continue to get private money -- although how much is hard to quantify. To other scientists, this is the natural course of bad science: It doesn't get much public funding, and eventually goes away. Some of these critics are eager for the new Department of Energy review in hopes it might silence cold fusion advocates for good. "If this was really happening, there would not be a way from stopping them from going forward," said Frank Close, an Oxford theoretical physicist who wrote a book about the cold fusion episode. "I have no doubt there are wonderful things in nature we have yet to discover, but that does not mean every random fluctuation in the data is the Holy Grail you are looking for." So over time, cold fusion scientists have become members of a small, close-knit culture unto themselves. They visit each other's labs. They have their own newsletters. They have their own conferences. And every year, their results get stronger, the group says, results that cannot be explained away by error or any other reason other than a new nuclear process. Last August, at the group's 10th annual conference, organized by Hagelstein at MIT, results were the strongest yet. At the 11th annual conference in France this fall, researchers expect even more reproducible results. "By the end of the conference, we had officially crossed the threshold," Hagelstein said. With the cold fusion community's help, he drafted a letter to the U.S. Department of Energy asking for a new review hearing, a chance for someone to look at the community's work. The department agreed to a meeting, and later, to an official review. The review won't be finished until at least the fall, and in the cold fusion community, concerns are surfacing. What if the review board is stacked with cold fusion detractors? Maybe the review will not be in-depth enough to take into account what cold fusion supporters say is evidence of a strange, new physics. Hagelstein and his colleagues intend to keep pursuing their work even if the Department of Energy sides against them again. He is resolute. But sometimes, he sounds weary. "The day I know it's wrong, I'm dropping it," Hagelstein said, almost sounding like he yearned for that time. "If someone can explain to me (it's not real), I would stop." ©2004 San Francisco Chronicle | Feedback | FAQ ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: *****************************************************************