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Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject
line and first line of body
NUCLEAR POLICY
1 Guardian Unlimited: Blair Faces Judgment on Iraq Intelligence
2 Las Vegas SUN: Bush Defends Decision to Invade Iraq
3 WorldNetDaily: Déjà vu, ElBaradei?
4 US: SF Chronicle: EDITORIAL: War by folly
5 US: TomPaine.com: Corrupted Intelligence
6 UK Independent: Brian Jones: What weapons dossier should have said,
7 UK Independent: He is mired in leadership speculation (again),
8 Guardian Unlimited: Q: The Butler report
9 AFP: Iran tells UN watchdog to hunt for nuclear weapons elsewhere
10 TCS: Tech Central Station: Iran is determined to build a nuclear bom
11 AFP: NKorean defense chief arrives in China, praises ties with giant
12 Korea Herald: Cautious optimism on easing nuclear standoff
13 Korea Herald: Ports, shippers on alert against terror threat
14 Korea Herald: [EDITORIAL]U.S. intelligence mayhem
15 KoreaTimes : Confusing US Messages
16 US: DallasNews.com: Whistleblower: Electric company hid violations
17 US: AP Wire: Pentagon Papers whistleblower calls for national securi
18 Vanunu's Appeal of Restrictions Heard in High Court
19 Interfax: Russia to stage exercise in defending nuclear installation
20 BBC: Protesters in note of disapproval
21 Guardian Unlimited: Bush Gets Look at Nuke Parts From Libya
NUCLEAR REACTORS
22 US: NRC: Atomic Safety and Licensing Board to Hold Hearing on Use of
23 US: NRC: Duke Energy Corporation, et al., Catawba Nuclear Station, U
24 US: NRC: Notice of Consideration of Amendment Request To Decommissio
25 US: NRC: Notice of Consideration of Amendment Request to Decommissio
26 US: NRC: Meeting on Planning and Procedures; Notice of Meeting
27 Toronto Star: Lessons have been learned
28 US: SouthofBoston.com: Nuclear plant becomes pawn
29 US: SVBI: Nuclear Regulatory Commission Selects Autonomy to Power
NUCLEAR SAFETY
30 [du-list] and so does Dan Fahey eat DU for breakfast
31 [du-list] Britian sues US giant over 'uranium poisun
32 US: PA: SB 922 Day Care Emergency planning
33 US: [du-list] DU Munitions Action Plan Update July 11, 2004
34 [du-list Landmark case on depleted uranium poisoning
35 Global Research: Depleted Uranium: The Trojan Horse of Nuclear War
36 US: KUED: Shadow of Nuclear Fallout
37 BBC: Ill Gulf veterans 'feel like foe'
38 Xinhuanet: UK starts independent probe into Gulf War syndrome
39 Scotsman.com: Sub 'No Threat to Spain' - Straw
40 Scotsman.com: 'Gulf War Syndrome' Inquiry Getting under Way
41 Scotsman.com: The Festering Sore of 'Gulf War Syndrome'
42 Scotsman.com: Sick Gulf Veterans 'Made to Feel Like the Enemy'
43 India: Dispelling notions on use of radiation
44 UK Independent: Gulf syndrome victims are heard at last
NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE
45 [NukeNet] Washington Post Editorial on Yucca
46 US: Las Vegas SUN: Fate of repository shifts back into EPA's hands
47 Las Vegas SUN: Political impact of Yucca remains unclear
48 Guardian Unlimited: Trial Begins on U.S. Nuclear Waste Costs
49 RGJ: Nuke dump fight isn’t finished yet
50 AU ABC: South Australians suspicious of nuclear waste review
51 AU ABC: Cabinet decision on nuclear dump remains unclear
52 AU ABC: NT may be in line for nuke dump - MP
53 KVBC: Yucca Mountain Ruling Considered A Victory For Nevada
54 NEWS.com.au: N-dump appeal to milk the taxpayer
55 NEWS.com.au: Howard warned over nuclear dump
56 NEWS.com.au: Cabinet splits over nuclear dump plans
NUCLEAR WEAPONS
US DEPT. OF ENERGY
57 [NukeNet] Savannah River N-Waste Tanks Cracked, Rusted Or
58 Oak Ridger: Bush gets 'close look' at Oak Ridge
OTHER NUCLEAR
59 Re: [du-list] Terminate DOT-E 9649
60 [du-list] DU in the news - 11th July 04
61 [du-list] DU in the news - 13th July 04
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FULL NEWS STORIES
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1 Guardian Unlimited: Blair Faces Judgment on Iraq Intelligence
From the Associated Press
[UP]
Monday July 12, 2004 10:01 PM
By ED JOHNSON
Associated Press Writer
LONDON (AP) - Prime Minister Tony Blair, no longer confident that
weapons of mass destruction will be found in Iraq, now faces a
potentially damning report on Britain's prewar intelligence.
As it built a case for military action, Blair's government
insisted Saddam Hussein had stockpiles of chemical and biological
weapons; could deploy them within 45 minutes; and was trying to
buy uranium in Africa to develop nuclear weapons - assertions
that appear to have collapsed.
A scathing U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee report concluded
last week that most of the CIA's claims on Saddam's alleged
arsenal were overstated or unsupported. The committee chairman,
noting the United States was not alone in its beliefs, called it
a ``global intelligence failure.''
On Wednesday, retired civil service chief Lord Butler will return
his verdict on the quality of British intelligence. A copy of the
report goes to Blair on Tuesday.
The government hopes the report - the fourth to delve into
Britain's case for war - will end a controversy that has eroded
Blair's popularity and credibility. It is also likely to have
lasting implications for how intelligence is gathered, analyzed
and used by Britain.
Before the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, Blair was adamant that
Saddam had stockpiles of weapons of mass destruction.
``I am in no doubt that the threat is serious and current, that
he has made progress on WMD, and that he has to be stopped,''
Blair wrote in the foreword to an intelligence dossier, published
by the government in September 2002.
However, a week ago, Blair said: ``I have to accept that we have
not found them, that we may not find them.''
Three previous inquiries have cleared Blair's government of
acting dishonestly or misusing the intelligence. Nevertheless,
concerns of political interference linger, as do concerns about
the relationship between the government and its spy agencies.
Former chief of Defense Intelligence Sir John Walker said Monday
that intelligence normally guided government policy.
But ahead of the war, ``it seems to me that policy was driving
intelligence and that is an extremely dangerous thing to do as a
nation-state,'' Walker told British Broadcasting Corp. radio.
Walker left the Ministry of Defense in 1995, two years before
Blair's Labour Party took office.
Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004
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2 Las Vegas SUN: Bush Defends Decision to Invade Iraq
By DEB RIECHMANN ASSOCIATED PRESS
OAK RIDGE, Tenn. (AP) -
President Bush defended his decision to invade Iraq even as he
conceded on Monday that investigators had not found the weapons
of mass destruction that he had warned the country possessed.
Allowing Iraq to possibly transfer weapons capability to
terrorists was not a risk he was willing to take, Bush said.
"Although we have not found stockpiles of weapons of mass
destruction, we were right to go into Iraq," Bush said after
inspecting a display of nuclear weapons parts and equipment,
including assembled gas centrifuges for uranium enrichment, from
Libya.
The hardware was shipped here in March as part of an agreement
with Moammar Gadhafi to end his country's nuclear weapons
program.
"We removed a declared enemy of America who had the capability
of producing weapons of mass murder and could have passed that
capability to terrorists bent on acquiring them. In the world
after September 11th, that was a risk we could not afford to
take," Bush said.
The president offered a broad new defense of the March 2003
invasion of Iraq three days after the release of a Senate report
that harshly criticized unsubstantiated intelligence cited in
the run-up to the war in Iraq, a crucial battle in the war on
terrorism.
The key U.S. assertions leading to the 2003 invasion of Iraq -
that Saddam Hussein had chemical and biological weapons and was
working to make nuclear weapons - were wrong and based on false
or overstated CIA analyses, a scathing Senate Intelligence
Committee report asserted Friday.
Intelligence analysts fell victim to "group think" assumptions
that Iraq had weapons when it did not, the bipartisan report
concluded. Many factors contributing to those failures are
ongoing problems within the U.S. intelligence community, which
cannot be fixed with more money alone, it said.
Without directly acknowledging the intelligence was flawed, Bush
said a wide array of government leaders, from members of the
Clinton administration to lawmakers to the U.N. Security
Council, had studied the same intelligence and "saw a threat."
During the Clinton administration, official U.S. policy toward
Iraq became "regime change" - a stance that sought the ouster of
Saddam Hussein, he noted.
But Saddam refused to open his country to inspections, Bush
said.
"So I had a choice to make: either take the word of a madman or
defend America. Given that choice I will defend America."
Bush has used similar rhetoric in speeches for months, but the
words took on added significance in light of the latest report
condemning the Iraq intelligence.
Bush's trip to Tennessee was designed to showcase a victory in
his administration's campaign against weapons of mass
destruction.
Bush was shown nuclear weapons parts and equipment from Libya,
and called them "sobering evidence of a great danger." It was
the White House's second effort to shine a spotlight on the
Libyan victory. Several months ago, the White House arranged a
tour for journalists of the equipment.
Bush said Libya's decision to scrap its nuclear ambitions and do
away with its long-range missiles was the result of "quiet
diplomacy" by the United States, Great Britain and the Libyan
government. But it also was the result of outspoken public
denunciations of nations that seek to threaten the world with
nuclear and other weapons, he said.
He said the world knows that doing so carries serious
consequences and that the "wise course is to abandon those
pursuits."
And Bush said his administration was doing everything possible
to avert the attacks he said terrorists are now plotting.
--
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3 WorldNetDaily: Déjà vu, ElBaradei?
JULY 10 2004
© 2004 WorldNetDaily.com
Mohamed ElBaradei – director general of the International Atomic
Energy Agency – was in Israel last week pursuing a nuke-free
Middle East.
Now, ElBaradei has already certified Iraq to be nuke-free. And
Iran. So, isn't the Middle East already nuke-free?
Well, not according to Mordechai Vanunu. Vanunu was a technician
at the Israeli nuclear facilities at Dimona for eight years. He
fled to England, taking with him documents and photographs,
including a photo of a plutonium "pit" for a thermo-nuke
"primary" and a photo of a facility producing lithium-6 – a
critical material in a thermo-nuke's "secondary."
The London Sunday Times had Vanunu's photos and documents
"vetted" by British nuke scientists and published Vanunu's story
on Oct. 5, 1986.
But even before publication, Vanunu had been kidnapped and taken
back to Israel. He was held captive – and incommunicado – until
this April, when he was semi-released. He is not allowed to leave
Israel, and his movements and communications are severely
restricted.
Nevertheless, Vanunu heard about ElBaradei's visit and managed to
make public a suggestion that ElBaradei "should demand that the
Israeli government let him go inside Dimona, to be part of the
IAEA inspection of Dimona – as the IAEA demanded from Iran, Iraq
– to report to all the world what every state is doing in
secret."
It is extremely unlikely that Prime Minister Sharon will allow
that, or that ElBaradei would even make such a "demand."
You see, Israel is a charter member of the IAEA, which was
established by United Nations statute in 1957 to facilitate the
spread of nuclear energy.
But Israel is not a "party" to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation
Treaty, which entered into force in 1970.
The IAEA is not a "party" to the treaty, either, but has been
made the international "safeguards" inspectorate under Article
III of the NPT.
Each non-nuclear-weapon state party to the treaty undertakes to
accept safeguards – as set forth in an agreement to be negotiated
and concluded with the International Atomic Energy Agency in
accordance with the Statute of the International Atomic Energy
Agency and the Agency's safeguards system – for the exclusive
purpose of verification of the fulfillment of its obligations
assumed under the treaty with a view to preventing diversion of
nuclear energy from peaceful uses to nuclear weapons or other
nuclear explosive devices.
But, if Israel is not an NPT signatory, why is ElBaradei in
Israel?
Well, as El-Baradei put it, "I'd like to see Israel supporting
the Non-Proliferation Treaty through maybe concluding an
Additional Protocol with the agency,"
ElBaradei would "like" Israel to agree to do what we – at the
urging of the Israelis – have just forced Iran to do? Elbaradei
would "like" Israel to sign an Additional Protocol to a IAEA
Safeguards Agreement, authorizing IAEA inspectors unrestricted
and unannounced access to all "suspicious" sites and facilities
in Israel?
Get outta here!
Now, the IAEA can negotiate Safeguard Agreements and Additional
Protocols with any nation-state – NPT signatory or not – when
asked.
And, if the IAEA concludes that any nation-state – NPT signatory
or not – is "cheating" on its Safeguards Agreement, it may report
that to the U.N. Security Council for appropriate action.
In fact, we demanded that the Iranians sign an Additional
Protocol because we were fairly certain the Iranians would refuse
and that refusal might cause the IAEA to refer the matter to the
Security Council.
Either way, the Israelis would have an "excuse" to launch
pre-emptive attacks on Iranian "nuclear" facilities, destroying
the not-yet-operational Russian-supplied Bushehr reactor, just as
they destroyed, back in 1981, the not-yet-operational
French-supplied Osiraq reactor in Iraq.
But the Iranians didn't refuse. They made a deal. Iran would sign
an Additional Protocol if – and only if – UK-France-Germany would
guarantee their "inalienable" rights under Article IV of the NPT.
All the parties to the treaty undertake to facilitate – and have
the right to participate in – the fullest possible exchange of
equipment, materials and scientific and technological information
for the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
However, as ElBaradei was urging an Additional Protocol on
Israel, Secretary of State Colin Powell and Israeli Foreign
Minister Silvan Shalom emerged from a meeting in Washington to
claim that "European foreign ministers" had concluded that Iran
had reneged on their Additional Protocol deal with
UK-France-Germany.
It seems Israeli spies and Iranian expatriates have
"intelligence" – not to be made available to the IAEA – that Iran
is pursuing a "nuclear weapons program" at sites that ElBaradei
can never find.
Déjà vu, ElBaradei?
Physicist James Gordon Prather has served as a policy
implementing official for national security-related technical
matters in the Federal Energy Agency, the Energy Research and
Development Administration, the Department of Energy, the Office
of the Secretary of Defense and the Department of the Army. Dr.
Prather also served as legislative assistant for national
security affairs to U.S. Sen. Henry Bellmon, R-Okla. -- ranking
member of the Senate Budget Committee and member of the Senate
Energy Committee and Appropriations Committee. Dr. Prather had
earlier worked as a nuclear weapons physicist at Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory in California and Sandia National
Laboratory in New Mexico.
[gprather@worldnetdaily.com] | GO TO GORDON PRATHER'S ARCHIVE
[WorldNetDaily.com]
--> news@worldnetdaily.com--> Contact WND
*****************************************************************
4 SF Chronicle: EDITORIAL: War by folly
[http://sfgate.com]
Monday, July 12, 2004
TRY AS it might, the Bush White House cannot just shrug off the
Senate Intelligence Committee's conclusion that every major
pretext for the war against Iraq was seriously flawed.
The buck does not stop with the Central Intelligence Agency,
which delivered faulty information about Iraq's alleged nuclear,
chemical and biological weapons.
The buck stops in the Oval Office. After all, the CIA reports on
Iraq were not delivered in a vacuum. It was not exactly a secret
that various key Bush appointees in the defense hierarchy were
agitating for a showdown with Saddam Hussein from the moment Bush
took office. The war cries intensified after Sept. 11, 2001.
While the Senate Intelligence Committee report contained no
earthshaking surprises -- the notion that the case for war was
built on flawed information is well established by now -- it was
devastating in its clear- eyed accounting of the mess. The report
is also significant because of its source: The White House cannot
dismiss this as "Fahrenheit 9/11" polemic; it came from the
Republican-controlled Senate.
President Bush's reaction was almost as disturbing as the report
itself. Once again, it had an element of finger-pointing that has
come to characterize a White House that cannot bring itself to
admit a mistake. Bush called it a "useful report" about where the
intelligence community "went short." Bush added, "We need to know
... I want to know how to make the agencies better."
So for the White House, the most positive interpretation of these
findings is that top administration officials were led astray by
the CIA -- hardly a comforting assessment of the folks assigned
to oversee this nation's security.
Several committee members were frustrated that the report did not
address evidence of a more insidious upshot: that the White House
twisted the evidence to support its war plans. In one of the nine
"alternative views," Sen. Jay Rockefeller, D-W.Va., and two other
senior lawmakers suggested that CIA analysts whose judgments did
not fit the case for war were subject to extraordinary pressure
and second-guessing.
Rockefeller said the intelligence failings detailed in the report
have diminished this nation's credibility and global standing --
to the point of hatred in the Muslim world. "As a direct
consequence, our nation is more vulnerable today than ever
before," he said.
It was not just a failure of "the agencies." Bush needs to look
within his inner circle to those who readily accepted and
disseminated this flawed intelligence: Donald Rumsfeld, Paul
Wolfowitz, Colin Powell, Condoleezza Rice, Dick Cheney.
And yes: George W. Bush.
[graphical line]
Page B - 6
©2004 San Francisco Chronicle | Feedback | FAQ
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5 TomPaine.com: Corrupted Intelligence
Ray McGovern
July 12, 2004
McGovern and other veteran intelligence officers spent the
weekend digesting the Senate Intelligence Committee report and
ended up sick to their stomachs. Not only did the report confirm
what they already knewthat the CIA skewed intelligencebut
corruption ran much deeper, with analysts cooking up outright
lies. In the wake of the report, McGovern worries media across
the political spectrum aren't doing their job. They are buying
without question the administration spin about the Senate report:
that the White House led the nation to war because of bad
intelligence, rather than ill-conceived policy.
Ray McGovern, a CIA analyst for 27 years, is co-founder of
Veteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity.
In our various oral and written presentations on Iraq, my veteran
intelligence officer colleagues and I took no delight in sharply
criticizing what we perceived to be the corruption of
intelligence analysis at CIA. Nothing would have pleased us more
than to have been proven wrong. It turns out we did not know the
half of it.
Several of us have just spent a painful weekend digesting the
report of the Senate Intelligence Committee on prewar
intelligence assessments on Iraq. The corruption is far deeper
than we suspected. The only silver lining is that
corrupter-in-chief George Tenet is now gone.
When the former CIA director departed, he left behind an agency
on life supportan institution staffed by sycophant managers and
thoroughly demoralized analysts, who are embarrassed at their own
naiveté in believing that the passage carved into the marble at
the entrance to CIA HeadquartersYou will know the truth, and
the truth will set you freeheld real meaning for their work.
The Senate Committee report is meticulous. Its findings are a
sharp blow to those of us who took pride in working in an agency
where we could speak truth to powerwith career protection from
retribution from the powerful, and with leaders who would face
down those policymakers who tried to exert undue influence over
our analysis.
Enter Joe Centrifuge
Although it was clear to us that much of the intelligence on Iraq
had been cooked to the recipe of policy, not until the Senate
report did we know that the skewing included outright lies. We
had heard of Joe, the nuclear weapons analyst in CIAs Center
for Weapons Intelligence and Arms Control, and it was abundantly
clear that his agenda was to prove that the infamous aluminum
tubes sought by Iraq were to be used for developing a nuclear
weapon. We did not know that he and his CIA associates
deliberately falsified the dataincluding rotor testing
ironically called spin tests.
The Senate committee determined that Joe deliberately skewed
data to fit preconceptions regarding an Iraqi nuclear threat.
Who could have believed that about our intelligence community,
that the system could be so dishonest? wondered the normally
soft-spoken David Albright, a widely respected veteran expert on
Iraqs work toward developing a nuclear weapon.
I share his wonderment. I too am appalledand angry. You give
27 years of your professional life to an institution whose main
missionto get at the truthis essential for orderly policy
making, and then you find it has been prostituted. You realize
that your former colleagues lacked the moral courage to rebuff
efforts to enlist them as accomplices in deception. Deception
that involved hoodwinking our elected representatives into giving
their blessing to an ill-conceived, unnecessary war. Even
Republican stalwart Sen. Pat Roberts, chairman of the Senate
Intelligence Committee, has conceded that, had Congress known
before the vote for war what his committee has now discovered, I
doubt if the votes would have been there.
Catering To The Powers That Be
It turns out that only one U.S. analyst had met with the Iraqi
defector appropriately codenamed Curveballthe source of the
scary tale about mobile biological weapons factoriesand that
this analyst, in an e-mail to the deputy director of CIAs task
force on weapons of mass destruction, raised strong doubt
regarding Curveballs reliability before Colin Powell highlighted
his claims at the United Nations on Feb. 5, 2003. I almost
became physically ill reading the cynical response from the
deputy director of the task force: "As I said last night, lets
keep in mind the fact that this wars going to happen regardless
of what Curveball said or didnt say, and the powers that be
probably arent terribly interested in whether Curveball knows
what hes talking about.
(Reading this brought to consciousness a painful flashback to
early August 1964. We CIA analysts knew that reports of a second
attack on U.S. destroyers in the Tonkin Gulf were spurious but
were prevented from reporting that. The director of current
intelligence explained to us condescendingly that President
Johnson had decided to use the non-incident as a pretext to
escalate the war and that we do not want to wear out our welcome
at the White House. So this kind of politicization, though rare
in the past, is not without precedentand not without similarly
woeful consequences.)
With respect to Iraq, George Tenets rhetoric about truth and
honesty in his valedictory last week has a distinctly Orwellian
ring. Worse still, apparently Joe Centrifuge, the
abovementioned deputy director, and other co-conspirators will
get off scot-free. Sen. Roberts says he thinks, It is very
important that we quit looking in the rearview mirror and
affixing blame and, you know, pointing fingers. And Acting
Director John McLaughlin has told the press that he sees no need
to dismiss anyone as a result of what he portrayed as honest,
limited mistakes.
Tell It To The Families
I would like to hear Roberts and McLaughlin explain all this to
the families of the almost 900 U.S. servicemen and women already
killed and the many thousand seriously wounded in Iraq.
Roberts seemed at pains to lay the blame on a flawed system,
but a close reading of the committee report yields the
unavoidable conclusion that CIA analysis can no longer be assumed
to be honestto be aimed at getting as close to the truth as one
can humanly get. For those of you cynics about to smirk, I can
only tell youbelieve it or notthat truth was in fact the
currency of analysis in the CIA in which I was proud to serve.
Aberrations like the Tonkin Gulf cave-in notwithstanding, the
analysis directorate was widely known as the unique place in
Washington where one could normally go and expect a straight
answer unencumbered by any political agenda. And we were hard
into some very controversialoften criticalnational security
issues. It boggles my mind how any president, and particularly
one whose father headed the CIA, could expect to be able, without
that capability, to make intelligent judgments based on unbiased
fact.
It is said that truth is the first casualty of war. Sadly, in
the case of Iraq, even before the war, truth took a back seat to
a felt need to snuggle up to powerto stay in good standing with
a president and his advisers, all well known to be hell-bent on
war on Iraq.
Caution: Dont Be Fooled
The Washington Times lead story on July 10 began: Flawed
intelligence led the United States to invade Iraq was the fault
of the US intelligence community&a report by the Senate Select
Committee on Intelligence concluded yesterday. From the other
end of the political spectrum, David Corn of The Nation led his
own report with, The United States went to war on the basis of
false claims.
Not so. This is precisely the spin that the Bush administration
wants to give to the Senate report; i. e., that the president was
misled; that his decision for war was based on spurious
intelligence about non-existent weapons of mass destruction.
But the presidents decision for war had little to do with
intelligence on Iraqi weapons of mass destruction. It had
everything to do with the administrations determination to gain
control of strategic, oil-rich Iraq, implant an enduring military
presence there, andnot incidentallyeliminate any possible
threat from Iraq to Israels security.
These, of course, are not the reasons given to justify placing
U.S. troops in harm's way, but even the most circumspect senior
officials have had unguarded moments of candor. For example,
when asked in May 2003 why North Korea was being treated
differently from Iraq, Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz
responded, Lets look at it simply&The country (Iraq) swims on a
sea of oil.
And basking in the glory of Mission Accomplished shortly after
Baghdad had been taken, Wolfowitz admitted that the focus on
weapons of mass destruction to justify the attack on Iraq was
for bureaucratic reasons. It was, he added, the one reason
everyone could agree onmeaning, of course, the one that could
successfully sell the war to Congress and the American people.
The Israel factor? In another moment of unusual candorthis one
before the warPhilip Zelikow, a member of the Presidents
Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board from 2001 to 2003 (and now
executive director of the 9/11 commission), pointed to the danger
that Iraq posed to Israel as the unstated threata threat that
dare not speak its name&because it is not a popular sell.
Last, but hardly least, it was not until several months after the
Bush White House decided to make war on Iraq that the
weapons-of-mass-destruction-laden National Intelligence Estimate
was commissioned, and then only because Congress needed to be
persuaded that the threat was so immediate that war was
necessary. Vice President Dick Cheney set the main parameters in
a major speech on Aug. 26, 2002, in which he declared, "We know
that Saddam has resumed his efforts to acquire nuclear weapons."
The estimate Tenet signed dutifully endorsed that spurious
judgmentwith "high confidence," no less.
Is There Hope?
If hope is what was found at the bottom of Pandoras box, it can
be found here too. That there are still honest, perceptive
analysts at CIA is clear from the analysis that Anonymous sets
forth in his excellent book, Imperial Hubris: Why the West is
Losing the War on Terror . (Note to Condoleezza Rice: Anonymous
name is Michael Scheuer; he is an overt employee; you can get his
extension from the CIA operator.)
As long as analysts of that caliber hang in there, there can be
hope that, once the CIA is given the adult supervision it has
lacked for the last 25 years, it can fulfill its critical mission
for our country.
© 2004 [http://www.tompaine.com/]
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6 UK Independent: Brian Jones: What weapons dossier should have said,
and what that would have meant for war
[http://www.independent.co.uk]
'Mr Blair dismissed my concerns as "hardly earth-shattering" but
they were significant'
12 July 2004
Lord Butler of Brockwell will deliver his long-awaited verdict on
the intelligence as the basis for going to war in Iraq on
Wednesday. It comes just after the United States Intelligence
Committee delivered its report, and, according to reports in the
media so far, Tony Blair faces a difficult few days.
More than 16 months after the war began, we can be sure that
there was, as the senate report identifies, serious intelligence
failure. How else could it be when no evidence of any weapons,
systems or programmes has been uncovered in that time?
This article, reviewing the crucial September 2002 dossier, is
not an investigation of the gap between what intelligence was
available in the months leading up to the war, and what has come
to pass. Rather, it examines how the known material was treated
at the time, and the impact that had in boosting the case for
war.
The Prime Minister has made repeated assertions that everybody
thought Iraq had weapons of mass destruction. This broad-brush
approach - the crushing of caveated information and conditional
tenses into something categoric - helped persuade the nation of
the case for war and also misrepresented the bigger picture. It
was writ large in the 2002 dossier, and in Mr Blair's foreword.
I recall a senior foreign intelligence analyst commenting on the
dossier, "We think Saddam probably has chemical and biological
weapons but we cannot prove it. We are not sure." This reflected
the views of the Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS) experts, and
was the basis of the dissent I recorded at the time.
Mr Blair dismissed my concerns as "hardly earth-shattering" - he
chose to distil them into the difference between the words
indicate and show - but they were much more significant than that
might imply.
I told Panorama last night that I was confused when Mr Blair told
Lord Hutton about the "tremendous amount" of related information
and evidence that had been crossing his desk in the period before
the dossier was written. We had no sight of large qualities of
significant intelligence of that sort.
Most of our concerns were raised in comments made by DIS expert
analysts over the three weeks in which the dossier was drafted. I
recounted some to Lord Hutton's inquiry but was constrained by
the specific questions of counsel.
To offer a fuller explanation. I have revisited the executive
summary of the September dossier, John Scarlett's two-page précis
of the 40-odd pages of the main text. The latter is so dense and
complex that the summary would inevitably achieve much greater
impact. Unfortunately, it did not paint quite the same picture.
What was uncertain and poorly defined suddenly became clearer and
"presentationally" more acceptable. Intelligence no longer
indicated what might be and suddenly, without substantiation,
showed what was.
And the decision to use the phrase "we judge" detached from a
series of bullet points, allowed those points to stand out for
the lay reader as statements of fact:
* "[Iraq has] continued to produce chemical and biological
agents"
*"Some of these weapons are deployable within 45 minutes of a
decision to use them"
We now know that this "shift" came about largely as a result of
the interplay between the chairman of the Joint Intelligence
Committee (JIC) and senior members of the Prime Minister's
Office. That, in turn, enabled the Prime Minister to make the
positive assertions in his foreword: "I believe the assessed
intelligence has established beyond doubt that Saddam has
continued to produce chemical and biological weapons ..."
"I am in no doubt the threat is serious and current ..."
I have no doubt that such positive statements had a significant
impact on many of those who were previously dubious about the
campaign. If the executive summary had more closely represented
the expert assessments of the day, who knows what impact that
might have had on the decision to go the war?
I have tried to illustrate below what I would have preferred some
important parts of it to have said. This is not a case of being
wise after the event or of using hindsight. It is what the
dossier should have said based on the state of intelligence at
that time. My revisions do not represent a wholly accurate
assessment in the light of what we know now, which makes the case
for war even weaker. The original or "actual" paragraphs of the
dossier are also shown for ease of comparison. The words shown in
italics in the "preferred" version mark my additions or changes
to the words approved by the JIC.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Paragraph 1
ACTUAL: Under Saddam Hussein Iraq developed chemical and
biological weapons, acquired missiles allowing it to attack
neighbouring countries with these weapons, and persistently tried
to develop a nuclear bomb. Saddam has used chemical weapons, both
against Iran and against his own people. Following the Gulf War,
Iraq had to admit to all this. And in the ceasefire of 1991
Saddam agreed unconditionally to give up his weapons of mass
destruction.
PREFERRED: Under Saddam Hussein Iraq developed chemical and
biological weapons and acquired missiles. In the 1980s it used
chemical weapons against elements of its own population in Iraq,
and against Iranian forces in its war against that country.
Arguably, Iraq never used chemical weapons on territory that it
did not claim was its own, and is not known to have actually used
biological warfare agents. Iraq responded to attacks against its
cities by Iranian Scud missiles armed with conventional
explosives, by delivering similar warheads using Scud-type
missiles the range of which had been extended to reach
significant Iranian cities. Iraq had a programme to develop
nuclear weapons that was within about two or three years of
success at the time of the 1990-91 conflict. Following the Gulf
War, Iraq had to admit to all this. And in the ceasefire of 1991
Saddam agreed unconditionally to give up his weapons of mass
destruction.
PARAGRAPH 2
ACTUAL: Much information about Iraq's weapons of mass destruction
is already in the public domain from UN reports and from Iraqi
defectors. This points clearly to Iraq's continuing possession,
after 1991, of chemical and biological agents and weapons
produced before the Gulf War. It shows that Iraq has refurbished
sites formerly associated with the production of chemical and
biological agents. And it indicates that Iraq remains able to
manufacture these agents, and to use bombs, shells, artillery
rockets and ballistic missiles to deliver them.
PREFERRED: Much information about Iraq's weapons of mass
destruction is already in the public domain from UN reports and
from Iraqi defectors. This points clearly to Iraq's continuing
possession, after 1991, of chemical and biological agents and
weapons produced before the Gulf War. But the current status of
Iraq's offensive capability is not clear. There has been some
refurbishment of sites formerly associated with the production of
chemical and biological agents and, while this may improve the
capability to resume such production, there is no conclusive
evidence that such production has taken place, or that the
refurbishment does not have a legitimate objective. There can be
little doubt that Iraq retains significant potential to
manufacture agents, fill them into weapons and use them to the
level of capability it had developed prior to 1991. This included
a demonstrated capability to deliver chemical weapons with bombs,
shells and artillery rockets, but it is not clear that Iraq had a
fully proven capability to deliver chemical or biological
warheads by ballistic missile. It is doubtful that it had the
opportunity to further develop and fully prove that capability
since 1991.
PARAGRAPH 4
ACTUAL: As well as the public evidence, however, significant
additional information is available to the Government from secret
intelligence sources, described in more detail in this paper.
This intelligence cannot tell us about everything. However, it
provides a fuller picture of Iraqi plans and capabilities. It
shows that Saddam Hussein attaches great importance to possessing
weapons of mass destruction which he regards as the basis for
Iraq's regional power. It shows that he does not regard them only
as weapons of last resort. He is ready to use them, including
against his own population, and is determined to retain them, in
breach of United Nations Security Council Resolutions (UNSCR).
PREFERRED: As well as the public evidence, however, significant
additional information is available to the Government from secret
intelligence sources, described in more detail in this paper.
This intelligence cannot tell us about everything. However, it
provides more evidence about Iraqi plans and capabilities. It
suggests that Saddam Hussein attaches great importance to
possessing, or maintaining the impression that he possesses
chemical and biological weapons. He probably regards this as the
basis for enhancing Iraq's regional power in the future. It
suggests that he does not regard them only as weapons of last
resort. He seems to countenance using them, including against his
enemies in his own population, and appears determined to retain
them, in breach of United Nations Security Council Resolutions
(UNSCR).
PARAGRAPH 5
ACTUAL: Intelligence also shows that Iraq is preparing plans to
conceal evidence of these weapons, including incriminating
documents, from renewed inspections. And it confirms that despite
sanctions and the policy of containment, Saddam has continued to
make progress with his illicit weapons programmes."
PREFERRED: Intelligence also indicates that Iraq is preparing
plans to conceal evidence of these weapons, including
incriminating documents, from renewed inspections. And it
suggests that despite sanctions and the policy of containment,
Saddam has continued to keep his ballistic missile programme
alive and that some activity has been beyond that which is legal.
He has at least preserved the basis for reactivating his
offensive nuclear, biological and chemical warfare programmes.
The extent of positive activity within the latter programmes is
not clear. It cannot be discounted that weapons may have been
produced but there is no firm evidence that this is the case.
PARAGRAPH 6
Paragraph 6 was introduced by the phrase "As a result of the
intelligence we judge that Iraq has:" and followed by a series of
bullet points. The use of the word "judge" led to the argument
that "judgements" could not be caveated in the way the DIS
suggested. I would therefore have preferred the phrase, "We
assess Iraq:" The bullet points I would have changed are:
ACTUAL: [has] continued to produce chemical and biological
agents;
PREFERRED: has probably continued to produce chemical and
biological agents, but is unlikely to have produced militarily
significant quantities of CW agent or weapons;
ACTUAL: [has] military plans for the use of chemical and
biological weapons, including against its own Shia population.
Some of these weapons are deployable within 45 minutes of an
order to use them;
PREFERRED: possibly has specific current military plans for the
use of chemical and biological weapons, including against its own
Shia population. A source has claimed some weapons may be
deployable within 45 minutes of an order to use them, but the
exact nature of the weapons, the agents involved and the context
of their use is not clear;
ACTUAL: [has] command and control arrangements in place to use
chemical and biological weapons. Authority ultimately resides
with Saddam Hussein;
PREFERRED: may have command and control arrangements in place to
use chemical and biological weapons. Authority will ultimately
reside with Saddam Hussein;
ACTUAL: [has] developed mobile laboratories for military use,
corroborating earlier reports about the mobile production of
biological warfare agents;
PREFERRED: has developed mobile laboratories for the production
of biological warfare agents, but we do not know the current
status of these facilities.
In the light of what we now know, it seems Iraq possessed no
significant stockpiles of chemical or biological weapons. Saddam
had no active major programmes or tangible plans to regenerate
his chemical warfare programme, therefore there could be no
meaningful command and control arrangements or plans to use them.
The same is probably true of biological weapons but the nature of
BW systems is such that significant capabilities are more easily
concealed.
Saddam appears to have been keen to maintain at least the
impression that he possessed chemical and biological weapons. In
a region where several neighbours possess chemical, nuclear and
possibly biological weapons Saddam probably wished to maintain
the ability to deter aggression.
It is also the case that Saddam's reputation in parts of the Arab
world derived from his defiance of the West in general and
America in particular. A clear admission and demonstration that
he had given up such capabilities and ambitions would undermine
his authority.
But if Saddam had already divested himself of the weapons and
programmes, it seemed incredible that such factors would outweigh
the economic and conventional military advantages to the regime
of removing the yoke of sanctions.
George Tenet, the outgoing director of the CIA, said last month
that intelligence estimates were rarely all right, or all wrong.
I would be very surprised if many of the CIA's expert analysts
would have disagreed with the conclusions reflected in my
"preferred" version of the dossier.
Of course, knowing what we know now would have made a case for
war on the basis of Saddam's weapons capabilities a non-starter,
so there is indeed a real question about the quality of
intelligence. But, back in September 2002, had the executive
summary been written in the way I suggest, it would have been
much more difficult for the Prime Minister's foreword to make the
positive assertions it did about Saddam's chemical and biological
warfare capabilities and the threat they represented to Britain.
As for the impact of that exercise on the will of the British
people, will Lord Butler address that on Wednesday?
Dr Brian Jones is a former head of the nuclear, chemical and
biological branch of the Ministry of Defence's Defence
Intelligence Staff
© 2004 Independent Digital (UK) Ltd
*****************************************************************
7 UK Independent: He is mired in leadership speculation (again),
is braced for the Butler report on Iraq, and fears by-election
wipe-out. Is it make-or-break time for Tony Blair?
12 July 2004
Today: THE LEADERSHIP ISSUE
The Blair and Brown camps are at loggerheads over mysterious
reports that the Prime Minister considered stepping down last
month. The Prime Minister's camp believes the Chancellor is too
impatient to grasp the reins of power; the Chancellor's people
suspect some murky tricks at No 10 to get out an
"I'm-still-in-charge" snub to Mr Brown. So, did Mr Blair really
wobble? Were the four, five, or six cabinet ministers who went
to him simply pledging support in difficult times, or pleading
with him to stay on? Or were Mr Brown's supporters trying it on?
One thing seems certain: at the beginning of such a
make-or-break week for Mr Blair, relations between the two key
players are at an all-time low. BROWN'S SPENDING REVIEW
Mr Brown grabs centre stage today with his spending review, an
opportunity - no doubt, to be grabbed with aplomb - to
demonstrate his credentials as the prime-minister-in-waiting.
Big winners are likely to be the police and security services.
But there will be losers, with £20bn of cuts among civil service
staff. As far as his No 10 ambitions go, will Mr Brown
eventually prove to be a winner or a loser?
Tuesday: MEETING AN OLD FRIEND
A rare respite as Mr Blair meets one of his few unquestioning
allies, the Italian Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi, for an
Anglo-Italian summit in London. The pair are likely to discuss
the EU and Iraq in a wide-ranging meeting.
Wednesday: SEXED UP, OR NOT?
Lord Butler of Brockwell, hitherto seen as an establishment
figure, delivers his verdict on the British intelligence
concerning Iraqi WMD. His terms of reference were limited,
excluding how the Government handled the information. He is
likely to go beyond his remit. It is suggested that John
Scarlett, the next head of MI6, will be criticised, as well as
Lord Goldsmith, the Attorney General. A word of caution: in the
run-up to the release of the Hutton report, all sorts of leaks
were suggesting a hard-hitting report. It proved to be anything
but.
Thursday: BY-ELECTION BLUES?
Mr Blair, battered in local and European elections last month,
faces losing two safe seats in one day: Leicester South, where
the majority is 13,243, and Birmingham Hodge Hill, where Labour
won by 11,618. Many Muslim voters are likely to use their votes
to protest against the war in Iraq.
Friday: TIME OUT
Mr Blair is expected to keep a low profile and will probably
retire to Chequers, his country residence, to mull over the
week's events with his advisers and family.
Saturday: ONE YEAR ON
The first anniversary of David Kelly's disappearance. There had
been deep misgivings about the war in Iraq long before the MoD
scientist's suicide, but the Government's handling of its
campaign against the BBC reporter Andrew Gilligan and the Today
programme was seen in a much more sinister light after his
death. Dr Kelly was the source for Mr Gilligan's reports that
the Government sexed-up the case for war. Mr Blair struggled in
the immediate aftermath - while visiting Japan he was asked at a
press conference if he had blood on his hands.
UK Independent Ltd.
*****************************************************************
8 Guardian Unlimited: Q: The Butler report
The latest inquiry to look at the Iraqi WMD dossier reports this
week and may prove more difficult for the government than the
last.
Simon Jeffery
Monday July 12, 2004
What is the inquiry for?
It is an investigation, conducted in secret by a committee of
five people, into the use of intelligence before the Iraq war.
The inquiry is not the first along these lines (it is, in fact,
the fourth) but it is the first to work on the assumption that
the intelligence was wrong.
Its remit states that it is to examine "discrepancies" between
the intelligence evaluated by the government and the findings of
the weapons inspectors in the US-led Iraq Survey Group.
How will that make it different to the others?
It is focusing much more directly on the quality of the
intelligence, not only because of its remit but also because it
enjoys some of the benefits of hindsight. For example, inquiries
last year by the Commons foreign affairs select committee and the
intelligence and security committee both concluded it was too
soon to tell whether or not the intelligence was false as there
was still the chance that WMDs would be discovered.
Lord Hutton also sidestepped the failure to find Saddam Hussein's
alleged chemical and biological weapons stocks. He said he had
been asked to "urgently ... conduct an investigation into the
circumstances surrounding the death of Dr Kelly" and decided that
anything other than the government's row with the BBC over claims
Downing Street had deliberately put false material in the dossier
(the row that drew in Dr Kelly) was beyond his terms of
reference; the issue of whether intelligence contained in the
dossier and believed by the government to be correct was in fact
unreliable, was "separate", he wrote.
Why was the Butler inquiry called?
Lord Hutton made no recommendations in his report for a further
inquiry (he made no recommendations at all), and the government
appeared to be rather pleased with his report, believing that the
third of three inquiries to clear it of manipulating intelligence
would be the last.
The pressure for a fourth came from the US, where comments from
David Kay, the former chief weapons inspector for the US in Iraq,
that "we were almost all wrong" made it politically impossible
for George Bush to resist Democrat calls for an inquiry by
arguing that the weapons hunt was not over. Tony Blair, pressured
by the Tories, found it necessary politically to follow suit.
What is its remit?
To investigate the state of intelligence on WMDs. There are three
threads here: the first is WMD programmes in "countries of
concern"; the second, the accuracy of the Iraqi WMD intelligence
"gathered, evaluated and used by the government before the
conflict"; and the third, to make recommendations to the prime
minister for the future "gathering, evaluation and use of
intelligence on WMD".
Who sits on it?
Two retired civil servants who worked at the highest levels of
the British government (Lord Butler and Sir John Chilcot); two
MPs on the Commons intelligence and security committee (Ann
Taylor and Michael Mates); and Field Marshal Lord Inge, chief of
defence staff between 1994 and 1997. All five are privy
counsellors, are treated to confidential briefings and meet in
private due to the sensitive nature of their inquiries.
Will it have teeth?
In the wake of Hutton, there was some feeling that Lord Butler's
committee was too close to government. First the Liberal
Democrats and then the Tories refused to take part. Charles
Kennedy worried its remit was too narrow and Michael Howard
withdrew his support because he said it would focus on the
failings of spies instead of politicians. Tory MP Michael Mates
remained on the inquiry in a personal capacity.
Since that inauspicious start, word has leaked out of the
secretive Cabinet Office sessions that Lord Butler has run a much
more demanding inquiry than many commentators (still sore from
Lord Hutton's refusal to agree with them) were expecting.
According to reports, Mr Blair has been questioned again over the
evidence he gave to Lord Hutton, and the government is bracing
itself for heavy criticism.
What will be in it?
The findings remain confidential until publication on Wednesday,
but that has not stopped speculation in the newspapers. An
emerging consensus is that the intelligence services will be
criticised for allowing the prime minister take the country to
war on what now appear to be false premises.
Sir Richard Dearlove, the outgoing MI6 chief, and his successor,
John Scarlett, the outgoing head of the Joint Intelligence
Committee, emerged early on as the two individuals most likely to
take the blame.
Since then, the quality of the intelligence has come under
greater scrutiny, with the BBC's Panorama programme alleging that
the intelligence services disowned large chunks of the material
used in the dossiers to make the case for war.
One intelligence officer said he could "almost hear the
collective raspberry going up around Whitehall" when Mr Blair
told parliament the threat from Iraq was "serious and current".
If Lord Butler concludes something similar, Mr Blair may perhaps
be forced to concede that the dossier was wrong. Reports have
also suggested that the report will comment on Mr Blair's style
of decision making and, perhaps, his political judgment.
Other names to look out for include Downing Street's chief of
staff, Jonathan Powell (the Sunday Telegraph says he will be the
main victim); the attorney general, Lord Goldsmith (the Sunday
Times say he will be criticised for an inconsistency in his
analysis of the war's legality), and Alastair Campbell, Downing
Street's director of communications at the time of the dossier's
publication (the Independent on Sunday last week said he would
receive a tougher ride than he did in the earlier inquiries.)
[UP]
Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004
*****************************************************************
9 AFP: Iran tells UN watchdog to hunt for nuclear weapons elsewhere
WAR.WIRE
[http://www.spacewar.com/]
TEHRAN (AFP) Jul 12, 2004
Iranian President Mohammad Khatami on Monday accused the UN
nuclear watchdog of double standards and told it to pay closer
attention to countries that had not signed up to global
anti-proliferation safeguards.
In a meeting with visiting Singaporean Prime Minister Goh Chok
Tong, Khatami reaffirmed that nuclear weapons had "no place" in
the Islamic repubcic's defence doctrine and that he was
campaigning for a Middle East free of such arms.
According to the IRNA news agency, Khatami "expressed regret over
the double standards approach towards those countries possessing
nuclear weapons", a reference to Iran's view that it is being
unfairly targetted by the International Atomic Energy Agency
(IAEA) while Israel has escaped major pressure.
"If atomic weapons are dangerous, then the world should be
concerned about atomic programs of those countries that are not
members of the International Atomic Energy Agency," Khatami was
quoted as saying.
Iran has been subject to more than a year of tough IAEA
inspections related to suspicions it is seeking to develop the
atomic bomb under cover of its efforts to generate nuclear power,
as well as the target of a string of IAEA resolutions criticising
its level of cooperation.
The Islamic republic's arch-foe Israel, widely believed to
possess a nuclear arsenal, is not a signatory of the nuclear
Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and hence not subject to IAEA
supervision.
During a visit to Israel last week, IAEA chief Mohamed ElBaradei
made little progress on his hopes for a Middle East free of
nuclear weapons, with Israel holding fast to its longstanding
"strategic ambiguity" policy of secrecy about whether it has
nuclear weapons and its refusal to sign the NPT.
Singapore's prime minister arrived in Tehran for a five-day visit
Monday for a string of talks mostly focussed on trade issues. But
the nuclear issue was raised as Singapore will soon be taking a
seat on the IAEA's executive, the board of governors.
According to IRNA, Goh will also pay his respects to Iran's late
revolutionary leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini by visiting
mausoleum in southern Tehran. He will also travel to the historic
city of Isfahan in central Iran.
The visit is the last leg of a tour that has already taken him to
Pakistan, Bangladesh and India.
WAR.WIRE
*****************************************************************
10 TCS: Tech Central Station: Iran is determined to build a nuclear bomb.
Ralph Kinney Bennett
Contributing Editor, TCS
Centrifugal Force
By Ralph Kinney Bennett Published 07/12/2004
At present we must endure the familiar slow dance of warnings,
denials, speculations, denials, revelations, denials, etc., etc.,
until the inevitable day when headlines announce the new member
of the nuclear club.
The key is how quickly Iran can acquire or produce the highly
enriched fuel necessary to produce effective nuclear weapons. It
is buying nuclear power plant fuel (enriched 3 to 5 percent with
uranium-235) from Russia, but acquiring weapons grade uranium
(enriched 20 to 90 percent) is a little more difficult.
But Iran is also working and spending prodigiously to produce
enriched uranium on its own. This enrichment program centers on
how quickly Iran can build the tens of thousands of centrifuges
necessary to separate the rare U-235 isotope from uranium
hexafluoride gas (UF6). These centrifuges are costly, complex,
precision-made devices incorporating exotic materials such as
super strong maraging steel. It takes years to build them in
sufficient numbers, test them adequately and marshal them into
the precisely plumbed formations (called cascades) that can
safely and efficiently produce significant amounts of enriched
uranium.
A typical "cascade hall" is a vast room, its concrete floor
filled with what would appear to be thousands of gleaming new
stove pipes stacked vertically side-by-side in long rows. Each of
these slim metal cylinders, about six-and-a-half feet tall and
the approximate girth of a telephone pole, is a vacuum chamber
containing within it another cylinder called a rotor tube.
At the bottom of each inner cylinder is an electric motor, which
turns the rotor tube at tremendous speeds. This inner rotor tube
itself is balanced on a single friction point -- a small
lubricated "needle" bearing. A series of ring magnets holds the
top of the tube in place. Thus, these ingenious devices rotate in
an almost friction-free environment at speeds around 1500
revolutions per second.
They run so fast and create such centrifugal force that they
actually flex like bow strings along their axes (special joints
or "bellows" on the rotor tubes control this flexing). These
centrifuges, using relatively little electrical power, can run
continuously for a decade with no maintenance. Vast banks of
interconnected centrifuges, tens of thousands of them, run night
and day slowly producing small amounts of enriched U-235.
The tremendous centrifugal force pushes heavier gas molecules
(U-238) out to the walls of the rotor tube, while the lighter
U-235 molecules tend to collect close to the shaft at the center.
This lighter stream of U-235 is drawn off, joining the streams
from thousands of other centrifuges to slowly build a supply of
enriched gas that can eventually be incorporated into nuclear
fuel or -- at advanced stages of enrichment -- fissile material
for weapons.
At a secret facility near the Iranian city of Natanz, the Tehran
government is building a series of vast cascade halls, designed
to eventually hold 50,000 or more centrifuges. Iran is going to
the trouble of building these cascade halls underground in
thickly walled steel reinforced concrete buildings, an attempt to
protect them from aerial attack. Even the underground entrance
tunnels to these buildings have been designed with a series of
baffles to protect against the direct entry of "smart bombs" or
cruise missiles.
The "hardening" of the Natanz facility is further evidence that
Iran learned long ago the lesson of Osirak. Iraq's Osirak nuclear
reactor was the heart of that nation's Tuwaitha Nuclear Center,
on the outskirts of Baghdad, when the Israeli Air Force destroyed
it in a daring raid back in 1981. The raid set back Iraq's
nuclear weapons program and forced it to begin dispersing its
nuclear assets to sites throughout the country.
In fact, the ambitious building project at Natanz, about 90 miles
north of Isfahan, is just the latest known addition to Iran's
large and sophisticated nuclear facilities. There is a large
underground nuclear facility, including uranium enrichment,
hidden deep in the Albroz Mountains just north of Teheran. What
was once a backward mountain village, Moallen Kalayeh, near the
site, is now home to hundreds of scientists, technical experts
and security people.
Some intelligence reports indicate that in addition to centrifuge
separation work at Moallen Kalayeh, Iranian scientists are
working with a more exotic but potentially safer, faster and more
productive method of uranium enrichment involving AVLIS (atomic
vapor laser isotope separator). AVLIS equipment was reportedly
shipped to Iran by Russia a year ago.
This advanced system, first developed at the U.S. Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory, uses a precisely tuned laser beam
to search out U-235 isotopes in a stream of vaporized uranium
passing through a vacuum chamber. The "optically excited" U-235
isotopes are then separated and collected.
After authorizing a plant scale AVLIS system to show sustained
performance, the United States Enrichment Corporation (USEC), the
government-created but now privatized company that oversees all
U.S. uranium enrichment programs, canceled the program for
economic reasons in 1999. Russia, however, continued to develop
and refine its own AVLIS system -- the one reportedly sent to
Iran.
(It is interesting to note that the United States has never used
the centrifuge method of uranium enrichment, but has relied on
the old, slow, but proven method of gaseous diffusion at two
large plants in Piketon, Ohio, and Paducah, Kentucky. However,
the U.S. is now planning to build two pilot centrifuge cascade
plants at Piketon and at Eunice, New Mexico.)
In addition to the underground cascade halls at Natanz, there are
other buildings in more advanced stages of construction where new
centrifuges will be assembled and tested using components made at
sites scattered throughout Iran. The assembly of centrifuges is
an exacting and complicated process. The International Atomic
Energy Agency (IAEA) reports that a pilot plant of 160
centrifuges in a small cascade has been in operation at Natanz
for more than a year. IAEA officials reportedly saw the
components for 1000 more centrifuges at the same location.
Cascades of the size being built at Natanz are an immense
undertaking of a sophistication difficult for the average person
to grasp. Only a dozen nations have the wherewithal to undertake
such a program. Japan, for instance, continues to have great
difficulty in building and operating large-scale centrifuge
cascades despite its renowned technological capabilities.
Iran claims that it needs plants the size of Natanz to provide
low-enriched fuel for the nuclear reactors it plans to build in
order to supply the country with 6,000 megawatts of electricity.
If the Natanz plants were operating full out with 50,000
centrifuges, say some experts, they would provide not quite half
of the fuel necessary for the contemplated power reactors. Iran
is buying low-enriched fuel from Russia to augment its needs, but
there may well be other large cascade facilities under
construction.
The significance of such large centrifuge plants is this: A
relatively small fraction of such a plant's centrifuges, say
5000, could be used to produce enough highly enriched uranium to
build three or four weapons a year. Dr. David Albright, of the
Institute for Science and International Security, notes that "if
a country can make an enrichment plant of this size, it can make
enough machines to outfit another secret enrichment plant" for
nuclear weapons. Given the present restrictions Iran has placed
on IAEA inspectors, such a plant would be impossible to detect.
Perhaps one is already in operation.
Any expansion of the nuclear club must give one pause. But the
fact that the government of Iran is the true center of an
anti-Western, Jihadist (if you will) movement of a peculiarly
corrosive and hate-filled nature, makes its fixation on the
acquisition of nuclear weapons all the more troubling…and
dangerous.
*****************************************************************
11 AFP: NKorean defense chief arrives in China, praises ties with giant
neighbor
WAR.WIRE [http://www.spacewar.com/]
BEIJING (AFP) Jul 12, 2004
North Korea's Defense Minister Kim Il-Chol arrived in Beijing
Monday as head of a military delegation, praising ties with
traditional ally China, state media reported.
In a meeting with his Chinese counterpart Cao Gangchuan, Kim said
North Korea "treasured" its ties with China, and had put great
efforts into building a friendly relationship.
"The two armed forces have conducted frequent exchanges at
various levels in recent years," Kim was quoted by China's Xinhua
news agency as saying.
"The sound development of bilateral military ties plays a crucial
role in furthering bilateral relations," he said.
Cao was no less enthusiastic about the relationship, saying China
hoped to continue strengthening exchanges and cooperation with
North Korea, according to Xinhua.
Cao said the peoples of China and North Korea had created a
"precious traditional friendship in the long-term revolution and
socialist construction course of the two countries."
"This friendship has withstood the tests of international twists
and turns," Cao said.
China and North Korea, which fought on the same side in the
1950-53 Korean War, have found themselves at odds over
Pyongyang's ambition to become a nuclear power.
The Chinese government, eager to keep a stable environment in the
region, prefers a nuclear-free Korean peninsula and has hosted
three rounds of six-country talks aimed at finding a diplomatic
solution to the standoff.
Kim, 71, appointed defense chief two years ago, is one of the
most powerful figures inside North Korea and a right-hand man of
leader Kim Jong-Il.
His trip comes nearly three months after Kim visited China,
Pyongyang's closest ally.
It also comes two weeks after a senior Chinese military official
traveled to Pyongyang to sign an agreement on security and
stability along the two nations' common 1,400-kilometer (868
mile) border.
WAR.WIRE
*****************************************************************
12 Korea Herald: Cautious optimism on easing nuclear standoff
2004.07.13
[http://www.voiceware.co.kr]
By Seo Hyun-jin
With Washington seemingly more flexible in its nuclear standoff
with Pyongyang, cautious optimism is rising here the two
protagonists might reach a breakthrough during upcoming
negotiations and ease the protracted tension.
Government officials and experts said conditions are more
favorable than ever for the multilateral nuclear talks to make a
stride forward, but they withheld any positive predictions since
North Korea and the United States still have to iron out major
differences on thorny issues.
"The United States has shown some changes during the third round
of six-party talks, and Condoleezza Rice confirmed the country's
will to settle the issue. This could work positively for future
dialogue," a senior government official said on condition of
anonymity.
During her visit to Seoul on Friday, U.S. national security
adviser Rice said the North would gain a wide range of benefits
if it halts nuclear activities, accepts international
inspections and eventually dismantles its nuclear weapons
programs.
Her unspecified inducement followed a U.S. proposal during
nuclear talks last month, in which Washington offered economic
and diplomatic incentives in return for the North freezing and
then scrapping nuclear facilities. Pyongyang viewed the U.S.
plan as positive, although it said it contained nothing new.
"Through Rice, Washington was repeatedly saying to Pyongyang,
'You can count on us,'" another official said. "Rice did not
make any additional initiative but was reaffirming the U.S.
proposal presented last month."
Some experts said the U.S. stance on the North's nuclear issue
is basically the same: it cannot compensate the North for
dismantling nuclear weapons programs it undertook in violation
of international agreements. At the same time, it wants to see
progress in its nuclear diplomacy.
"The United States is trying for progress during the fourth
round of talks because, otherwise, nuclear negotiations will be
suspended for quite a long time in the wake of the U.S.
presidential election in November," Prof. Koh Yu-hwan of Dongguk
University said.
Participants in the six-party nuclear talks - the Koreas, the
United States, China, Japan and Russia - promised at their last
meeting in Beijing at the end of June to reconvene their
dialogue before the end of September.
Koh said the Bush administration wants to show positive aspects
of its diplomatic efforts over Pyongyang in a bid for voter
support at a time when he is suffering a backlash from his Iraq
policy.
"North Korea also wants to move in a direction toward settling
the issue during the upcoming talks, fearing the dialogue might
lose momentum and hoping the Bush government will become more
active before the election," Koh said.
But he said the United States and North Korea will continue
disputes over the North's uranium-based nuclear program, a major
bone of contention between the two. Washington has urged
Pyongyang to come clean on the clandestine program which the
isolationist country has denied possessing.
"We will have to see how the talks' participants can work out
details to resolve the issue based on proposals broached last
time," the second government official said.
Washington laid out during the third-round nuclear talks that it
would provide heavy fuel oil, tentative multilateral security
guarantees and technological and financial assistance to help
Pyongyang's nuclear dismantlement.
It will also embark on research projects to meet the North's
energy demands, and start talks on removing Pyongyang from its
list of terrorism sponsoring countries and lifting economic
sanctions, the South's Foreign Ministry said yesterday.
Pyongyang should declare all of its nuclear programs, promise to
dismantle, halt and mothball nuclear facilities, and disable
nuclear weapons and its components to get the benefits during a
three-month period of nuclear freeze.
The North's eventual nuclear dismantlement would lead to
permanent security guarantees from Washington and normalizing
diplomatic ties, according to the U.S. proposal.
(shj@heraldm.com)
2004.07.13
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13 Korea Herald: Ports, shippers on alert against terror threat
2004.07.13
By Kim Sung-mi
U.S. Coast Guard scheduled to visit Korea to assess port
security system
BUSAN - Security at Busan port, the fifth-largest in the world,
is on high alert with new screening measures being counted upon
just weeks after they went into effect.
The alert was prompted by an Iraqi terrorist threat on Friday
against international shipping companies, including Hanjin
Shipping Co., Korea's largest containership operator.
"We have strengthened monitoring on vessels in the Middle East,
taking all possible measures. But we do not plan to scale back
our shipping schedule to the region," said Hanjin's security team
manager, Kim Myung-bok. The company runs two liquid-natural-gas
carriers to Oman but has no direct shipping operation in Iraq or
with the U.S. military there, he said.
A 28-crew LNG carrier bound for Oman was due to set sail
yesterday.
With the impending dispatch of Korean troops to Iraq, the threat
to Korean ships and harbors is expected to be indefinite.
"Thorough screening of cargo trucks, freight and port visitors
is costly and time-consuming but it is imperative to prevent any
terrorist attack," said a port security official in Busan, which
handled 10 million standard 20-foot cargo containers last year.
One of the biggest fears among port authorities worldwide is a
"dirty bomb," in which radioactive material is exploded with
ordinary explosives. While the device may not do large-scale
structural damage, it could have a severe psychological impact as
well as hamper use of facilities for a long period, international
terrorist experts warn.
To counter the threat, the International Ship and Port Security
Code, or ISPS Code, went into effect worldwide on July 1. The
measures, promoted by the United States and implemented through
the International Maritime Organization, took only 18 months to
draft and implement.
The security code requires trade ports, owners of passenger
ships and cargo carriers weighing 500 tons or more to submit
detailed plans for neutralizing terrorist threats.
Implementation of the code was only a little more than 50
percent by the end of June, according to the 160-member nation
maritime organization, a U.N. organization. But full compliance
was reported among Korean ships and harbors.
Implementing the security measures cost the Korean government
6.3 billion won and companies 3.7 billion won, according to
official figures.
Under the new requirements, an additional 241 closed circuit
televisions have been installed, 30,000 meters of port safety
fence was built up and 43 security agents were hired. Safety
education programs were organized for crewmen, companies and
government officials.
Worldwide, adopting the ISPS Code is expected to cost $2.6
billion, with $1.5 billion to be spent annually for maintenance,
said Choi Jae-sun, a safety specialist at the Korea Maritime
Institute, citing estimates by the Australian trade department.
"We could take advantage of our high-performance security system,
which resulted from the military tension with North Korea," said
Oh Haeng-nok, a deputy director at the port logistics division of
the maritime ministry in Busan.
Advanced radar search system around the peninsula to detect
aliens, especially from the North, contributes to improving
safety measures at ports, he noted.
To inspect port security systems, United States Coast Guard has
scheduled to visit Busan and other Korean ports beginning on July
19. Its assessment will decide on the smooth operation of Korean
shipping companies in U.S. ports and provide a guideline for
foreign shippers on whether to use the Korean ports, according to
government officials.
"The United States, the No. 1 global logistics destination, will
likely reject the access of ISPS-incompliant ships or those that
have stopped by unsafe ports," Hong Sun-bae, a maritime security
officer in Busan.
"Even though the average adoption rate for the ISPS Code may be
low for now, the world's major ports and shippers operating U.S.
lines must have finished implementation," he said.
Before the new safety regulation is in full operation, however,
port authorities will have to deal with a dilemma.
"If port operators refuse to allow vessels not complying with the
ISPS Code to enter, Korean property holders and consumers will
have to bear the damage. On the other hand, ports should not
compromise the safety of ports by passing the ships without
security certificates," Hong said.
(smkim@heraldm.com)
2004.07.13
[http://www.heraldcampus.co.kr/Premium/]
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14 Korea Herald: [EDITORIAL]U.S. intelligence mayhem
2004.07.13
By Kim Sung-mi
[http://www.voiceware.co.kr]
With the number of U.S. military deaths in Iraq having just
passed the 1,000 mark and no end in sight in the losses of
American lives, the distraught U.S. public psyche requires a
scapegoat. The Senate Intelligence Committee picked the Central
Intelligence Agency to carry all the blame for the "wrong war."
The giant intelligence apparatus of the United States was wrong
in most of the major judgments contained in its 2002 report about
Iraq's weapons of mass destruction program, the Senate panel
concluded in its 500-page report released last week. It said
intelligence officials did not explain to policymakers the
"uncertainties" behind their judgments, while intelligence
agencies collectively presumed that Iraq had an active and
growing WMD program without sufficient grounds.
So George Tenet, who terminated his service with the CIA on
Sunday, his men on the spot, and those in Langley who collected,
analyzed and assessed the Iraqi intelligence have collectively
made a grave mistake. But no one can say that they are
responsible for the war in Iraq. That decision was made in the
Oval Office. As Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry
said, the buck stops at the White House when it comes to national
security.
President Bush himself acknowledged the shortcomings of the CIA
but he made no concessions about his decision to go to war. The
stockpiles have not been found but Americans knew that Saddam
could make them, he opined. He observed that the world is better
off without Saddam Hussein in power, yet the world knows that the
rationale for the war was Saddam Hussein's WMD, not the dictator.
We recall that U.S. intelligence became a focus of controversy
in 1999 concerning another WMD program in the northern part of
the Korean Peninsula. Washington strongly pressured Pyongyang for
a special inspection of Kumchangni, 60 kilometers north of
Yongbyon, where intelligence indicated that some nuclear-related
activities were underway. After a U.S. team was allowed to visit
the area, the State Department said it found no sign that North
Korea had violated the 1994 U.S.-DPRK agreement on its nuclear
development freeze.
Earlier, in 1998, there were a series of reports in major U.S.
dailies, based on intelligence leaks, that North Koreans were
conducting high explosive tests which were regarded as a final
stage of nuclear weapons development. After the Kumchangni
fiasco, another apparent intelligence leak led to prominent
Washington-datelined news articles on North Korea's alleged
completion of nuclear weapons without a yield-producing test,
which was reportedly made unnecessary because of technological
advancement.
Now there is the tug-of-war between North Korean and U.S.
officials over the existence of a uranium enrichment program.
Based on statements by Pakistan's nuclear expert Abdul Qadeer
Kahn and other supporting intelligence, the United States
believes that the North is developing uranium-based nuclear
weapons in addition to plutonium bombs, while Pyongyang
vehemently denies it.
The apparent failure of the U.S. intelligence on Iraq reminds us
of the need for a thorough review of all information that has so
far surfaced concerning the North Korean WMD. The United States
is known to have contemplated a preemptive strike on the North in
1994 on the basis of its intelligence about nuclear-related
activities in the secretive country. At this moment, there is no
way of telling the accuracy of the information that led
Washington to seek a military option at that time.
We believe we know many things about North Korea and its nuclear
programs, but still there are many other things we do not know.
The North has made a few admissions about its nuclear program but
is hiding much of it, and even its acknowledgements can be
doubted in this game of extreme secrecy which could also involve
much bluffing.
South Korea's intelligence capabilities on the North are not
insignificant, especially considering the human resources it can
utilize. Close cooperation between intelligence agencies of the
two allies can help prevent inaccuracy about facts and deter
wrong judgments and wrong decisions.
[http://www.heraldcampus.co.kr/Premium/]
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15 KoreaTimes : Confusing US Messages
Seoul's Mediating Role Growing More Than Ever
Hankooki.com > Korea Times > Opinion
U.S. National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice, during her
half-day stay in Seoul last Friday, said, ``North Korea will be
surprised to see how much would be possible,'' if it completely
dismantles its nuclear program. Reemphasizing President Bush's
resolve to settle the nuclear issue through dialogue and
diplomacy, Rice indirectly advised Pyongyang to follow the lead
of Libya, which is improving ties with Washington and the
international community following its decision to renounce
weapons of mass destruction.
Korean officials said they never expected such remarks by Rice,
speculating that the ``surprising rewards'' could include a
package to improve the bilateral relationship, such as lifting
economic sanctions, delisting the North from terrorism-sponsoring
countries and eventual diplomatic normalization. Rice's words,
which followed the flexible U.S. stance in recent six-nation
talks, are noteworthy as they reconfirm Washington's policy shift
from stick to carrot, and came from one of the central figures of
the hawkish ``neocons.''
Looking closely, her remarks are nothing new. Rice stressed the
example of Libya that voluntarily gave up its nuclear program
first, and called for the North's acknowledgment of highly
enriched uranium programs, both of which do not deviate from the
previous U.S. position at all. The Bush administration, which is
losing public support in the November presidential election due
to Iraqi military campaigns, might be making a temporary tactical
retreat to seek some progress in the nuclear issue.
In this regard, one cannot help but wonder why the United States
reemphasizes the Agreed Framework accord, which has long become a
scrap of paper because of its nonobservance by both Washington
and Pyongyang. Rice's words might be little more than a
diplomatic volley. Just days ago, U.S. Secretary of State Colin
Powell told visiting chairman of the ruling Uri Party Shin Ki-nam
that there would be no U.S. compensation for the North's
dismantlement of its nuclear programs.
Still, North Korea needs to take the latest U.S. offer. Two main
reasons for the stalemate in the six-party talks to solve the
nuclear crisis were the hard-line U.S. stance and Pyongyang's
extreme distrust of Washington. Now that the Bush administration
is showing some signs of change, it is the North's turn to give a
positive response to the signals from Washington. Once Pyongyang
accepts the U.S. proposal, then Washington will be forced to
modify its strategy toward North Korea.
South Korea's role as a mediator will become more important than
ever. Seoul ought to call on Washington to keep specifying its
proposals and deliver the real U.S. intention to Pyongyang
exactly as it is, while persuading the North to accept
Washington's overture and go shoulder to shoulder with the
international community. Kim Jong-il would be wrong if he thinks
his hardball tactics has begun to pay off. Kim should positively
respond to Washington because any more brinkmanship could
backfire.
07-12-2004 19:46
*****************************************************************
16 DallasNews.com: Whistleblower: Electric company hid violations
American Electric Power denies charges
09:15 PM CDT on Monday, July 12, 2004
By RANDY LEE LOFTIS / The Dallas Morning News
One of the nation's biggest electric companies hid environmental
violations at some northeast Texas plants for years, according to
complaints filed by a former company engineer.
Despite American Electric Power's corporate statements about
ethics and the environment, engineer Bill Wilson says in formal
complaints that his attempts to clean up the company's Texas
practices only got him fired.
Mr. Wilson, 51, of Dallas handled environmental permits and
pollution controls for the power company from 1999 until May 6,
when he says he refused to prepare a misleading report to state
regulators. His boss in the company's Dallas office later handed
him a letter booting him from the company.
American Electric says it did nothing wrong and didn't fire Mr.
Wilson for speaking out.
Since his firing, Mr. Wilson has filed complaints detailing what
he called "a pattern of willful and knowing violation of state
and federal law" with the Texas Commission on Environmental
Quality, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Labor
Department and the Texas Board of Professional Engineers. None
has acted on his allegations.
Complaints to regulators
He also provided The Dallas Morning News with the same internal
company documents that he gave to government regulators. The
documents show that:
An American Electric Power plant in Gregg County bought and
burned industrial waste along with regular fuel oil in late
December and early January in apparent violation of the plant's
state permit. Mr. Wilson's e-mails to colleagues at the time said
plant employees told him the practice had gone on for years.
[map]
American Electric did not report to the state some emissions from
a plant in Titus County despite state officials' instructions to
report the emissions or face enforcement.
Company officials knew as far back as 1999 that the Titus County
plant routinely exceeded some limits in its state permit. The
company apparently did not notify state regulators of the problem
until this spring.
Environment concerns
Mr. Wilson said in an interview that American Electric's actions
and regulators' lack of response jeopardize the environment. He
plans to repeat those allegations today in a news conference with
former EPA enforcement chief Eric Schaeffer, who is calling for a
federal criminal investigation.
"These are important matters for public health and for the
integrity of environmental regulation," Mr. Wilson said. "The
system has got to be based on trust."
A power company spokesman said the incidents didn't mean the firm
had violated environmental rules. He said the company's internal
investigation found no wrongdoing.
"We strongly believe that the plant has operated and continues to
operate within the terms of the permits that we have," said Pat
D. Hemlepp, the power company's director of corporate media
relations. "We do not retaliate against employees who file
complaints."
Officials in the Tyler regional office of the Texas Commission on
Environmental Quality investigated the firm's operations at the
northeast Texas plants. They concluded that some violations had
occurred, but details of their findings have not been released.
State enforcement hasn't moved forward, however. In early June,
the company's Texas environmental affairs manager, Gary Gibbs,
and an outside lawyer for the company met in Austin with the
Tyler office's superiors, including Brent Wade, a special
assistant to the deputy director over enforcement. More than a
month later, the agency has not issued a violation notice or an
all-clear letter.
Agency spokeswoman Adria Dawidczik said the case is still open.
"AEP [power company] ... has thought that they had a stronger
case and didn't think that enforcement should be issued," Ms.
Dawidczik said. "So they came to Austin to visit."
The meeting did not result in any orders from headquarters to
stop enforcement, she said.
Neither Charles Murray, manager of the air section at the
commission's Tyler office, nor investigator Celeste Lane
responded to requests to discuss the case, which involves
American Electric plants in Titus, Harrison and Gregg counties.
Enforcement criticized
The American Electric case arises as the environmental
commission, the public's guardian on air and water quality and
hazardous waste, struggles with accusations that its enforcement
is weak, inconsistent and overly friendly to the industries it is
supposed to regulate.
Last year, an Austin-based environmental group analyzed
commission enforcement records and issued a scathing report. A
state audit followed with similar conclusions.
Agency officials defended their efforts, but they also launched
an internal review and held meetings to hear the public's views
on enforcement. They also set up a new section on the agency's
Web site, www.tceq.state.tx.us, dealing with the ongoing
enforcement review.
A final draft report is due next month. When the Legislature
convenes in January, environmental group lobbyists are expected
to use the recent findings to press for a much tougher state
attitude toward pollution violators.
However, regulated industries maintain a strong presence in the
Capitol, with top elected officials and the heads of key
legislative committees collecting campaign donations from
corporate executives, lobbyists, lawyers and industry groups.
The matter of Bill Wilson vs. one of the nation's industrial
giants shows how environmental enforcement can sometimes be a
contest of unequals.
American Electric Power, based in Columbus, Ohio, describes
itself as the nation's biggest generator of electricity. With
about 80 coal, natural gas, oil or nuclear power plants serving 5
million customers in 11 states, and revenues of $14.5 billion in
2003, the utility is a major factor in forming national and state
environmental policies.
Political ties
In February, Gov. Rick Perry named the company's Texas group
president, longtime utility lobbyist Charles R. Patton, to the
Texas Energy Planning Council, charged with writing the state's
first comprehensive energy plan in 20 years. Other large
companies on the 22-member panel include Dow Chemical, Reliant
Energy and Waste Management.
American Electric's chairman and CEO, Michael G. Morris, serves
on Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham's Electricity Advisory Board,
as did Mr. Morris' predecessor, E. Linn Draper Jr. After Mr.
Morris joined American Electric in January, he called on all
employees to be the corporation's eyes and ears on ethical and
environmental concerns.
Down in Texas, Mr. Wilson was doing exactly that, he says. From
January until May this year, Mr. Wilson told his company
supervisors and corporate executives, as well as state officials,
about practices that he said skirted or violated the law and
possibly endangered public health:
In late December, workers at American Electric's Knox Lee plant
in Gregg County accepted a nearly 7,000 gallons of waste
containing butyl butyrate, a chemical normally used in making
circuit boards or as a food additive. The material was destined
for use as fuel for the plant, and records indicated that some
was burned.
The plant's permit prohibits the burning of waste oil as fuel to
protect plant workers and the public from toxic emissions or
other problems. Mr. Wilson notified company supervisors,
including a vice president, and Texas environmental enforcers.
The company later sent the state a formal notification of the
problem.
Mr. Hemlepp, the American Electric spokesman, said the shipment
was an unintentional, one-time mishap and that new procedures
will keep it from happening.
In an e-mail to supervisors on Feb. 16, Mr. Wilson wrote that
plant workers told him "this has been a routine practice for many
years."
This spring, the company decided not to report emissions from a
mobile pollution-control device attached to the Welsh plant. Each
Texas industrial plant must report its emissions to the state
every year. False reporting can lead to enforcement.
Company lawyers advised the company not to report the emissions
from the mobile equipment at Welsh. They said that the state's
formal rules didn't require it, although informal guidelines did.
Mr. Wilson argued strongly for reporting the emissions, refusing
orders to leave them out of a state report and even clashing with
his boss during a staff meeting.
Mr. Hemlepp, the company spokesman, confirmed American Electric
filed the report without the disputed emissions. The conflict
"comes down to an honest difference of opinion between AEP and
the agency," he said.
In an e-mail to company lawyers, Mr. Wilson said the decision to
omit the emissions was "disappointing." Three state officials, he
said, told him they would initiate enforcement if the company did
not report them. Hours after he sent that e-mail, the power
company suspended Mr. Wilson.
For years, the company apparently took no action to correct heat
input problems at the Welsh plant in Titus County. Heat input, a
measure of the energy value in the coal that the plant burns, is
part of the plant's permit.
Engineers knew since 1999 that the heat input problem was leading
to high carbon monoxide and particulate matter emissions, company
documents indicate.
"We are breaking these limits today!!!" a manager wrote on April
13, 2000. "I did bring this fact up last year, and we decided to
do nothing about it."
American Electric apparently did not tell state regulators about
the heat input problem until March 31, when Mr. Wilson discussed
it with them. Mr. Wilson sent the state an official disclosure
the next week.
Violation denied
Mr. Hemlepp, the company spokesman, said the heat input problem
was not a violation and could be fixed with a permit amendment.
Tests indicate that the plant is meeting its particulate limits,
he said.
He discounted the importance of the April 2000 e-mail warning of
violations.
Mr. Wilson raised other allegations as well, including questions
on the way state officials wrote a permit for the Pirkey plant in
Harrison County. On March 24, he filed an internal ethics
complaint. Five days later, he received a poor performance review
based in part on his bad relationship with one of the departments
he named in the complaint.
On May 6, after another clash over emissions reporting, his boss
suspended him. Mr. Wilson was fired the next day. His Labor
Department complaint seeks whistle-blower protection.
E-mail rloftis@dallasnews.com [rloftis@dallasnews.com]
home [http://subscribe.dallasnews.com]
© 2004 Belo Interactive Inc.
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17 AP Wire: Pentagon Papers whistleblower calls for national security leaks
| 07/12/2004 |
MARTHA MENDOZA
Associated Press
KENSINGTON, Calif. - On an evening 35 years ago, a high-level
Pentagon analyst named Daniel Ellsberg carried a briefcase filled
with documents stamped "Top Secret" out of his office with one
clear plan: Leak them to Congress, leak them to the media, and
get the truth out about the Vietnam War.
On a recent sunny afternoon, sipping green tea and eating organic
salad in a hilltop cafe overlooking the San Francisco Bay,
Ellsberg said his only regret is that it took him so long - two
years - to copy and leak the 7,000-page study of U.S.
decision-making in Vietnam to Congress and the press.
Now Ellsberg is launching "The Truth-Telling Project, a call to
patriotic whistleblowing," encouraging Pentagon, White House and
other national security insiders to reveal secrets that involve
alleged government cover-ups and lies.
"My message to people in the Pentagon, the State Department and
the administration is this: If you have information, especially
documents, that the public is being lied to about war or other
matters of life and death, then I urge you to consider doing what
I wish I had done much earlier than I did," said Ellsberg. "We
need to delegitimize silence that costs lives."
The call is not without risk, including the potential of
dishonor, prosecution and shame. Critics say national security
leaks can be illegal and put soldiers' and civilians' lives in
danger.
Ellsberg concedes the risks are great, and that whistleblowers
need to weigh both the public benefits and risks of disclosure.
And he warns that there are also personal risks. Ellsberg was
indicted for espionage and at one point faced 115 years in jail.
Charges were dropped when it was revealed that President Nixon's
operatives burglarized the office of Ellsberg's psychiatrist in
order to discredit him.
"Leakers have to think long and hard about this, but it can be
worth it if a lot of lives are at stake," he said.
Ellsberg, 73, is a slender, energetic man who bodysurfs for fun
and walks with long, strong strides reminiscent of the three
years he spent as a Marine rifle platoon leader. In recent
months, he has drawn cheers during speeches around the country at
college campuses and anti-war rallies, and he says he's been
arrested more than 60 times at protests and demonstrations during
the past two decades.
He is also reviled - former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger
once called Ellsberg a drug-using pervert, "the most dangerous
man in America."
"Dan is way beyond a megalomaniac, he has a weird attitude toward
himself, an unbounded ego," said Anthony J. Russo, who worked
with Ellsberg to copy the Pentagon Papers and said they still run
into each other at occasional conferences.
Author Tom Wells, who in 2001 published "Wild Man: The Life and
Times of Daniel Ellsberg," said he began the project as
"sympathetic politically" to his subject, but the two broke off
during the project and the resulting book portrays a brilliant
narcissist.
Despite the fallout Ellsberg faced, his actions did make
whistleblowing more mainstream - if still a highly controversial
path.
Washington is now home to four national nonprofit, nonpartisan
organizations dedicated to supporting government and corporate
whistleblowers - the National Whistleblower Center, Public
Employees for Environmental Responsibility, the Project on
Government Oversight and the Government Accountability Project.
"We were all inspired by what Daniel Ellsberg did, and we
certainly agree with his observation that whistleblowing can be a
patriotic act," said Government Accountability Project president
Louis Clark. "But for every whistleblower out there, there are
groups of people waiting to call them traitors, finks and
tattletales. There is always opposition."
Recent months have brought almost daily leaks of documents and
information.
There was the investigative report by Maj. Gen. Antonio M. Taguba
that brought wide attention to Iraqi prison abuse scandal in
April. There was a leak earlier this month to Court TV that pop
star Michael Jackson settled a child molestation case in the
1990s for $23 million.
"I think this is a precipitous time for whistleblowing," said
Clark.
Ellsberg, who holds a doctorate degree in economics from Harvard
University, became a strategic analyst at the RAND Corporation in
1959, and was soon consulting to the Department of Defense and
the White House about the problems of the command and control of
nuclear weapons, nuclear war plans and crisis decision-making.
He joined the Defense Department in 1964 and transferred to the
State Department in 1965 to serve two years at the U.S. Embassy
in Saigon, evaluating pacification on the front lines. On return
to the RAND Corporation in 1967, he worked on former Defense
Secretary Robert McNamara's top secret study of U.S.
decision-making in Vietnam.
Ellsberg leaked the study to the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee and later 19 newspapers. The publication added fuel to
an already politically charged debate over U.S. involvement in
Southeast Asia, and set legal precedents for freedom of the
press.
Christopher Preble, a historian and Gulf War veteran who now
directs foreign policy studies at the libertarian Cato Institute,
said that while the Pentagon Papers did broaden public
understanding of the Vietnam War, he would be cautious about this
new call for leaks.
"There are good and just reasons for some material and
information to be kept secret, good national security reasons,"
he said. "Leaks have a tendency to be selective and they tend to
be done for political purposes, and that's why I'm reluctant to
argue broadly for the release of information in a haphazard way."
SanLuisObispo.com |
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18 Vanunu's Appeal of Restrictions Heard in High Court
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 18:56:56 -0700
Free Mordechai Vanunu - Info & Action Alert #28 -
Vanunu's Appeal of Restrictions Heard in High Court
** PLEASE FORWARD TO SYMPATHETIC LISTS **
1. Prosecution seeks to prove Vanunu still has classified data (Ha'aretz,
July 11, 2004)
2. Report and Court Notes of Fredrik Heffermehl
3. Write to Mordechai
====================
1. Prosecution seeks to prove Vanunu still has classified data
By Yuval Yoaz and Yossi Melman, Haaretz Correspondents
Last Update: 11/07/2004
Mordechai Vanunu arrived Sunday morning at the High Court of Justice for a
closed-door hearing on his petition against restrictions placed on him
after his release from jail in April.
The State Prosecution claims that Vanunu is still a danger to the state,
following an expert's conclusions that his prison notebooks contain
previously unpublished information on the Dimona nuclear reactor.
Vanunu served an 18-year sentence for revealing Israel's nuclear secrets to
the London-based Sunday Times newspaper.
Vanunu said at the beginning of the hearing that he "hopes for justice
based on democracy, human rights and freedom of speech."
Right-wing activists protested at the entrance of the courthouse, calling
Vanunu a "traitor." Security forces dispersed the protestors.
The court's decision will be based on whether or not Vanunu has harmful
information, the President of the High Court, Justice Aharon Barak, said,
adding that the issue being discussed was "relatively straightforward."
In its response to Vanunu's petition, the state said that shortly before
Vanunu was released, authorities found notebooks in his cell that contained
classified information derived from his work as a technician at the Dimona
reactor. An expert who reviewed the notebooks concluded that some of the
sketches and descriptions they contained were not published by The Times.
Vanunu's petition, filed by the Association for Civil Rights in Israel,
protests the following restrictions: the obligation to notify authorities
48 hours before any change of address; the obligation to give a 24-hour
advance warning before leaving any site where he resides; a ban on
approaching certain areas of airports; a ban on entry to foreign embassies
in Israel; a ban on conversation with foreigners; and a ban on Internet chats.
Prosecutors claim that Vanunu still poses a risk to Israeli security. The
notebook materials found in his cell prove that he has the wherewithal, and
the motivation, to disclose additional classified information, and harm
state security, claim prosecutors.
The prosecutors cite as evidence passages from letters which Vanunu wrote
while still in prison. In one letter written in August 2000, Vanunu wrote:
"We must open up Dimona, and receive clear, precise information about what,
and how much, has been produced there ... I can report on all these topics,
on all the materials which were produced in the Dimona reactor."
In December 2002, Vanunu wrote: "I wouldn't mind working for foreign
intelligence services after I am free, or helping the CIA and the FBI, if
somebody needs something from me."
====================
2. Report and Court Notes of Fredrik Heffermehl
Jerusalem July 11, 2004
Today I have been attending the oral argument in Vanunu´s petition to have
the restrictions imposed on him declared null and void. This was a hearing
in the Supreme Court of Israel, in Jerusalem.
The language was Hebrew with no transation, so the following notes are
based on what I was able to pick up in the intermissions, which were,
indeed, long.
The court was open 12 minutes in the beginning, and 15 minutes in the end.
In the closed sessions, almost 2 1/2 hours, the state presented evidence
and witnesses, which neither Vanunu nor his lawyers were permitted to
follow. Vanunu noticed that one former colleague, an engineer from Dimona,
was in court in this period.
In a 15 minutes session with Vanunu and his lawyers only, the focus was on
a notebook Vanunu wrote in prison in 1991. This book shows how precise his
recollection is, the State held, and that he can reproduce it any time.
The problem is that what he can reproduce is no secret and cannot harm
Israeli national security.
If the judges should go along with this reasoning, the consequence would be
that Mordechai cannot be given his full freedom untill he has lost his mind
and memory, a preposterous idea and proposition. And meaningless also
because he is now seeing so many people and has such an amount of freedom
that he could reveal secrets any time - if he had wished to do so - and had
had any.
Under the Covenant on Civil and Political rights states may make exceptions
for reasons of national security - but they have to specify and explain
such reasons and they cannot envoke as harmful secrets something which is
already published and known.
My comment - If the judges should go along with depriving Mordechai for his
rights on the basis that he has a good memory, his situation will be the
same in 2 weeks, 2 years, 2 decades. So, the decision now is crucial for
his future.
The good thing is that the high Court took a full hearing now and did not
postpone its decision untill a later hearing.
Fredrik S. Heffermehl
COURT NOTES:
Mordehai Vanunu in Supreme Court of Israel, July 11, 2004
Judges Barak, Massa, Cheshin,
To deal with petition lodged to have restrictions on freedom declared null
and void
Lawyers representing Vanunu: Dan Yakir, Oded Feller
Court set to open at 0900 - Judges appeared at 0930
Judges closed the ourt after 12 minutes, declaring that the key issue is
whether Vanunu has further secrets - this will be discussed with only his
lawyers present (for the most part not even they, i.e. the judges will
listen to the State present witnesses and arguments without Vanunu present
or represented in any way). It is not only a question of keeping the
secrets, but also secrets about the secrets, since the State does not wish
to reveal its sources for the information.
Court closed at 0942 - proeeding to resume around 1130.
This situation, that the Court is hearing the State and seeing State
evidence without the defendant or defense lawyers present is very common in
Israel, it happens on a regular basis also with Palestinian defendants says
Oded Feller in intermission (1130 - and neither he nor anybody else knows
when the Court will be open again)
At 1240 Vanunu and one (just one) of his lawyers, Yakir, are called back
into Court (there is discussion of a notebook Vanunu wrote in prison around
1991, with details of Dimona).
The judge said that according to the newspapers the knowledge Vanunu has is
dated and that he can no longer pose a threat. To this the attorney of the
state, Shein Nitzan, replied: The State of Israel would not consider
restrictions if Vanunu did not have secrets and was a danger to the state.
So, his logic was that if the state has a position it means that it is
justified. (The State is always right - so what do we need courts for??)
Then at 1 pm there is a new open Court, with pleadings and summaries,
whereafter the judge (Barak) declares that the Court has heard the parties
and that a decision will be announced soon.
Yakir says after session that he has no idea what "soon" will mean is this
case.
Supreme Court of Jerusalem, July 11, 2004
Fredrik S. Heffermehl
Observer (Norwegian lawyer)
================
3. Write to Mordechai
Mordechai would love to hear from his friends and supporters. You can
write to him at:
Mordechai Vanunu
c/o Cathedral Church of St. George
20 Nablus Road
PO Box 19018
Jerusalem 91190
Israel
and email him at
=================
If you would like to receive these alerts directly, please subscribe by
sending a blank e-mail to free_vanunu-subscribe@yahoogroups.com
Felice Cohen-Joppa
Coordinator
U.S. Campaign to Free Mordechai Vanunu
POB 43384
Tucson, AZ 85733
Phone/Fax 520-323-8697
freevanunu@mindspring.com
*****************************************************************
19 Interfax: Russia to stage exercise in defending nuclear installations
Jul 12 2004 7:59PM
LONDON. July 12 (Interfax) - An exercise aimed at protecting
military nuclear installations will be staged in Russia in
August, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said at a news
conference in London on Monday.
NATO officials will attend the exercise as observers, he said.
"We pay a great deal of attention to protecting military nuclear
installations and are prepared to demonstrate that the
allegations that Russian military nuclear installations are
vulnerable are myths," Ivanov said.
© 1991-2004 Interfax
All rights reserved
News and other data on this web site are provided for
information purposes only, and are not intended for
republication or redistribution. Republication or redistribution
of Interfax content, including by framing or similar means, is
expressly prohibited without the prior written consent of
Interfax.
*****************************************************************
20 BBC: Protesters in note of disapproval
Last Updated: Monday, 12 July, 2004
[Protest at Faslane Naval base]
Faslane is a focus for protests against Trident missiles
Anti-nuclear campaigners have staged an informal concert at the
Court of Session in Edinburgh to protest against repeated legal
rulings against them.
The 16 Trident Ploughshares campaigners sang a collection of
anti-war songs specially written for the event.
They invited judges to listen to them in Parliament Hall but none
did.
Earlier this year, five judges at the appeal court refused to
quash breach of the peace convictions against Ploughshares
campaigners.
Impromptu concert
Lawyers, court clerks and members of the public clapped loudly
following the 14 anti-war songs.
But security guards were less impressed and complained at having
been taken by surprise when the activists suddenly gathered
together inside the hall and started singing at 1000 BST.
At the end the campaigners filed outside and delivered an
impromptu concert in Parliament Square, to the amusement of
passing tourists.
Veteran campaigner Jane Tallents, originally from Sheffield, said
the action was part of an ongoing campaign against Britain's
Trident nuclear weapons system, which is based at the Faslane
naval base on the Clyde.
She said the aim was to highlight the need for an "just and wise"
judiciary to condemn the hoarding of massive nuclear weapons by
the British Government
The protesters believe th there is no greater crime than to
threaten mass destruction whilst leaving all the underlying
causes of conflict unresolved
Jane Tallents
And she said the action was in protest over the treatment of
anti-nuclear activists who are regularly prosecuted in the
courts.
She said: "Every time this is put to the judges they just duck
and we were trying to find a creative and peaceful way to express
our frustration.
"Let us remember that the essence of the law is to protect the
innocent from wrong-doing.
"The protesters believe that there is no greater crime than to
threaten mass destruction whilst leaving all the underlying
causes of conflict unresolved."
In May five top judges at the Appeal Court of the High Court of
Justiciary in Edinburgh refused to quash breach of the peace
convictions for three protesters, including Ms Tallents, who now
lives in Helensburgh.
The activists were found guilty of the public order offence
during protests at the Scottish Parliament and the Faslane base
between 1999 and 2002 and the judges ruled that their convictions
should be upheld.
*****************************************************************
21 Guardian Unlimited: Bush Gets Look at Nuke Parts From Libya
From the Associated Press
[UP]
Monday July 12, 2004 11:01 AM
AP Photo DCMC102
By DEB RIECHMANN
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - In a Southern state he hopes to win again in
November, President Bush is getting a look at nuclear weapons
parts turned over by Libya while working to convince voters that
his administration is making steady progress in the war on
terrorism.
Bush's destination Monday was the Oak Ridge National Laboratory
in Tennessee, which began receiving shipments from Libya in March
as part of an agreement with Moammar Gadhafi to end his country's
nuclear weapons program.
The president's effort to polish his image as a leader in a
worldwide war on terrorism follows the release last week of a
Senate report that harshly criticized unsubstantiated
intelligence cited in the run-up to the war in Iraq, a crucial
battle in the war on terrorism.
For months, Bush has been highlighting his threefold strategy for
fighting terrorists and those who threaten to use chemical,
biological or nuclear weapons: taking the fight to the enemy,
coordinating with other nations to isolate terrorists and
advancing democracy, especially in the volatile Middle East.
As the November election nears, Bush wants voters to compare
situations in such nations as Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya to the
way they were three years ago when the militant Taliban still
ruled Kabul, Saddam Hussein was still in power in Baghdad and
Libya was still supporting terrorism and spending money to
acquire weapons of mass destruction.
In remarks in Oak Ridge, a senior administration official said,
the president would cite Libya as an example of how countries can
``abandon their nuclear ambitions.'' Improved relations with
Libya eliminates a potential threat and sets an example for such
nations as North Korea and Iran about the benefits of disarming,
Bush supporters say.
The White House has long portrayed Libya's pledge to abandon
programs to develop weapons of mass destruction as affirmation of
Bush's hard-line strategy on arms proliferation. It suggested the
U.S.-led war in Iraq helped convince Gadhafi that he should act.
Democrats, however, dismiss any such claim, saying instead it was
the softer hand of diplomacy that helped score the turnaround in
Libya.
``This is a real success for American foreign policy that
happened on President Bush's watch,'' said Flynt Leverett, a
foreign policy analyst at Brookings Institution. ``But what's
maddening is that (administration officials) are misconstruing
what produced this outcome. It was not Iraq, but diplomacy that
started under (former President) Clinton.''
The diplomatic efforts, under way since the 1990s, involved
Libya's decision to accept responsibility for the 1988 bombing of
an American airliner over the Scottish town of Lockerbie, pay
compensation to the families of the 270 people killed and
dismantle its weapons programs.
In March, the Energy Department, which oversees Oak Ridge,
displayed 48 crates and boxes containing equipment used to make
nuclear bomb fuel from uranium.
Also on display were four centrifuges, which are used to separate
uranium into its explosive components. Libya got the equipment
from an underground supply network headed by Abdul Qadeer Khan, a
top scientist in Pakistan's nuclear weapons program.
Bush's trip to Tennessee to view the equipment and herald his
administration's work to stop terrorism is his 10th presidential
trip to the state. He carried Tennessee in the 2000 election over
favorite son Al Gore, but he's not taking Tennessee's 11
electoral votes for granted.
First lady Laura Bush is scheduled to give an address in
Nashville on Thursday.
Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004
*****************************************************************
22 NRC: Atomic Safety and Licensing Board to Hold Hearing on Use of Mixed-Oxide Fuel at Catawba
News Release - 2004-08
U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Office of Public Affairs Telephone: 301/415-8200
Washington, DC 20555-0001 E-mail: opa@nrc.gov
No. 04-084 July 9, 2004
Headquarters in Rockville, Md., on the proposed use of
mixed-oxide (MOX) lead test assemblies by Duke Energy Corp. at
its Catawba Nuclear Station.
The Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League (BREDL) has been
admitted as a party to the hearing on Duke Energys application
to amend its operating license for Catawba to allow use of four
MOX assemblies. (MOX contains a mixture of plutonium and uranium
oxides, with plutonium providing the primary fissile isotopes.)
The Duke request is part of a joint U.S.-Russian Federation
program to dispose of surplus plutonium from nuclear weapons by
converting the material into MOX fuel for use in nuclear
reactors.
At the hearing, the board will receive evidence on BREDLs
non-security related contention challenging the adequacy of
certain aspects of Dukes license amendment request. BREDL
asserts that MOX fuel behaves differently than typical
low-enriched uranium fuel, with implications for accident
scenario analyses for the Catawba plant. Testimony will be
presented, and witnesses may be cross-examined.
Members of the public may attend as observers, but participation
will be limited to representatives of BREDL, Duke Energy and the
NRC staff. The board heard public statements on Dukes request
at a June 15 pre-hearing session held in Charlotte, N.C. The
evidentiary hearing was originally scheduled to be held on that
date as well, but was rescheduled at the request of BREDL.
The hearing will start at 1 p.m. on July 14 and reconvene at 9
a.m. on July 15. It will be held at the NRCs Two White Flint
North Building, 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Md. Visitors
must present two pieces of identification (one with photo) and
should allow ample time for processing through the buildings
security checkpoint. Visitors should indicate to the guards that
they wish to attend the Catawba hearing, and arrangements will
be made to escort them to the hearing room.
Last revised Friday, July 09, 2004
*****************************************************************
23 NRC: Duke Energy Corporation, et al., Catawba Nuclear Station, Units
FR Doc 04-15696
[Federal Register: July 12, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 132)]
[Notices] [Page 41852-41855] From the Federal Register Online via
GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr12jy04-61]
1 and 2; Notice of Opportunity To Comment and Proposed No
Significant Hazards Consideration Determination The U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (the Commission) is reviewing an
application for amendment to Facility Operating License Nos.
NPF-35 and NPF-52, issued to Duke Power Company, et al. (the
licensee), for operation of the Catawba Nuclear Station
(Catawba), Units 1 and 2, located in York County, South Carolina.
A Notice of Consideration of Issuance of Amendment to Facility
Operating License and Opportunity for a Hearing was published in
the Federal Register on July 25, 2003.
The proposed amendments, requested by the licensee in a letter
dated February 27, 2003, as supplemented by letters dated
September 15, September 23, October 1 (two letters), October 3
(two letters), November 3 and 4, December 10, 2003, February 2,
2004, (two letters), March 1 (two letters), March 9 (two
letters), and March 16, (two letters), March 26, March 31, April
13, April 16, May 13 and June 17, 2004, would revise the
Technical Specifications to allow the use of four mixed oxide
(MOX) fuel lead test assemblies (LTAs). The term ``MOX'' arises
from the following: the low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel used in
U.S. reactors heretofore consists mostly of uranium oxides
wherein the concentration of U-235 is increased during
manufacture, such that U-235 constitutes up to four to five
percent of the uranium by weight. In fresh unirradiated LEU fuel,
U-235 is the fissionable component and it has no significant
plutonium concentration.
During irradiation, however, U-238 absorbs neutrons produced by
the fission of U-235 and transmutes to the various isotopes of
plutonium. Some of these plutonium isotopes are fissionable
[[Page 41853]] and add to the power output of the LEU fuel such
that with the irradiation of LEU fuel to medium to high burnup
levels, a significant fraction of that fuel's power is produced
by the fissioning of plutonium. As a part of a joint United
States-Russian surplus weapons- grade plutonium disposition
program supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) to reduce the
threat of nuclear weapons proliferation worldwide by conducting
disposition of surplus plutonium in the United States, the
licensee proposes that plutonium oxide powder supplied by DOE
will be processed, blended with depleted uranium dioxide powder,
and fabricated into MOX fuel LTAs that will then be used at
Catawba. The blending of the uranium oxide and plutonium oxide
materials is the basis for the term ``mixed oxide'' or ``MOX''
fuel.
Before issuance of the proposed license amendments, the
Commission will have made findings required by the Atomic Energy
Act of 1954, as amended (the Act) and the Commission's
regulations.
The Commission has made a proposed determination that the
amendment request involves no significant hazards consideration.
Under the Commission's regulations in Title 10 of the Code of
Federal Regulations (10 CFR) Section 50.92, this means that
operation of the facility in accordance with the proposed
amendment would not (1) involve a significant increase in the
probability or consequences of an accident previously evaluated;
or (2) create the possibility of a new or different kind of
accident from any accident previously evaluated; or (3) involve a
significant reduction in a margin of safety. As required by 10
CFR 50.91(a), the licensee has provided its analysis of the issue
of no significant hazards consideration, parts of which are
presented below.
I. Probability and Consequences Evaluation The proposed license
amendment to allow the use of MOX fuel lead assemblies does not
involve a significant increase in the probability or consequences
of an accident previously evaluated.
The ``accidents'' previously evaluated are described in the
[Updated Final Safety Analysis Report] UFSAR and fall into one of
the following four categories: Normal Operation and Operational
Transients.
Faults of Moderate Frequency.
Infrequent Faults.
Limiting Faults.
Inspection of the UFSAR descriptions reveals that the presence of
MOX fuel lead assemblies could potentially impact the probability
of occurrence for only two ``accidents;'' Radioactivity in
Reactor Coolant Due to Cladding Defects and Fuel Handling
Accidents. An evaluation of each of these events follows.
Radioactivity in Reactor Coolant Due to Cladding Defects
Probability Cladding defects are imperfections in the cladding
material of a fuel assembly that allow fission products from the
active fuel material to migrate to the reactor coolant. They can
be caused by manufacturing defects that go undetected until the
stresses of pressure, temperature, and/or irradiation eventually
result in fuel cladding failure.
This type of cladding failure occurs very infrequently in
low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel. The Mark BW design, which is the
basis for the Mark BW/MOX1 design to be used in the MOX fuel lead
assemblies, has experienced a failure rate of less than one per
100,000 rods, from all manufacturing related causes, since its
inception in 1987. There is no reason to expect that the
probability of this type of failure in a MOX fuel assembly will
be any different than for a LEU fuel assembly because the
probability of fuel failure due to these factors is no different
for MOX fuel assemblies than for LEU fuel assemblies.
The MOX fuel lead assemblies will be manufactured using the same
quality standards that are used in the manufacture of LEU fuel,
under a Quality Assurance program that conforms to 10 CFR 50
Appendix B.
Likewise, the same operational procedures and precautions to
preclude loose parts and debris in the reactor coolant will
equally preclude fuel failures from these mechanisms for the MOX
and LEU fuel assemblies.
Other mechanisms that could potentially cause fuel cladding
failure are physical interaction of the cladding with loose
debris in the reactor coolant system or corrosion product
transport and buildup on cladding material. The design of both
the current LEU fuel assemblies and the planned MOX fuel
assemblies minimizes these types of interactions such that the
probability of fuel failure is equally unlikely for both MOX and
LEU fuel assemblies.
Fuel Handling Accident Probability There is nothing in the
physical design of a MOX fuel lead assembly that would make it
more susceptible to a fuel handling accident than a LEU assembly.
The physical dimensions are virtually identical, the difference
in weight between a MOX assembly and a LEU assembly is less than
1%, and the top nozzle engages the manipulator crane and handling
fixture in the same manner as LEU fuel.
The shipping container and associated unloading procedure for a
fresh MOX fuel assembly are slightly different from that of a LEU
fuel assembly but such differences do not result in a significant
increase in the probability of an accident. The MOX fuel lead
assembly shipping container is an end-loaded container with
capacity for one fuel assembly as opposed to a LEU shipping
container which is side loaded and has the capacity for two fuel
assemblies. The MOX fuel assembly container is unloaded by
uprighting the container, removing the closure lid, grappling the
assembly with the Fuel Handling Tool, and lifting the assembly
with a straight vertical lift out of the container.
This is a straightforward lifting operation that will be
practiced in a dry run involving a dummy fuel assembly, the MOX
fuel shipping package, and specific fuel handling procedures. The
same plant equipment will be used to grapple and lift a MOX fuel
assembly that is used to lift a LEU fuel assembly. Once the MOX
fuel lead assemblies are unloaded and placed into the spent fuel
pool, subsequent handling operations are identical to LEU fuel
handling. Thus, it is concluded that the probability of a fuel
handling accident involving a MOX fuel assembly drop, either
inside containment or inside the fuel building, is no different
than for a LEU assembly.
The other scenarios considered as part of the fuel handling
accident analyses are a weir gate drop into the spent fuel pool
and a tornado-generated missile entering the spent fuel pool.
There is no connection between the type of fuel assembly and the
probability of occurrence of either of these accidents. The
probability of a tornado missile entering the spent fuel pool is
a natural event whose frequency of occurrence will not change
with the storage of MOX fuel assemblies in the fuel pool. The
probability of dropping a weir gate into the spent fuel pool is
dependent on the reliability of handling fixtures, crane rigging
procedures, and the number of handling operations, none of which
will be affected adversely by the handling or presence of MOX
fuel assemblies.
The conclusion is that amending the McGuire and Catawba licenses
to allow the receipt, handling, storage, and use of MOX fuel lead
assemblies does not result in a significant increase in the
probability of occurrence of any accident previously evaluated in
the UFSAR.
[[Page 41854]] NRC Staff Analysis of Consequences The licensee's
calculated numerical values of dose consequences have changed
since the licensee's initial submittal as addressed in the
licensee's submittals dated November 3, 2003, March 1 and March
16, 2004. Therefore, the NRC staff provides results from the
licensee's submittals and the NRC staff's review that relate to
an assessment of whether the radiological consequences from the
use of MOX LTAs on previously analyzed design basis accident
(DBA) would be expected to increase significantly.
The NRC staff's review focused on the potential impacts of the
following three characteristics of MOX fuel: (1) The fission
product inventory in a MOX fuel assembly is expected to be
different from that of an LEU assembly due to the replacement of
uranium by plutonium as the fissile material, (2) the fraction of
the fission product inventory in the gap region of a MOX fuel
assembly is greater due to the increased fission gas release
(FGR) associated with higher fuel pellet centerline temperatures
of MOX fuel, and (3) the increased FGR can result in higher fuel
rod pressurization.
The configuration of the MOX LTAs is very similar to that of the
LEU fuel assemblies currently in use at Catawba. No other plant
modifications have been proposed by the licensee. There is no
change in rated thermal power or any significant changes to other
plant process parameters that are inputs to the radiological
consequence analyses. As such, the only impacts on these analyses
would be from changes in the fission product inventory and the
gap fractions, and in the case of the fuel handling accident
(FHA), changes in the spent fuel pool decontamination factor due
to higher fuel rod pressurization.
Radiological Consequence Analyses Three categories of DBAs were
analyzed for the effects of MOX LTAs.
The first category of accidents involves damage to a significant
portion of the entire core. They range in core damage from the
locked rotor accident (LRA) with 11 percent core damage, the rod
ejection accident (REA) with 50 percent core damage, to the large
break loss-of- coolant accident (LOCA) with full core damage. The
results of Duke's analysis of these DBA categories are as
follows: For the LRA, the four MOX LTAs represent only 19 percent
of the 21 affected assemblies in the core. The potential increase
in the iodine release and the thyroid dose is 12 percent. The
thyroid dose increased to 4.1 rem at the EAB, and 1.3 rem at the
LPZ. For the REA, the four MOX LTAs represent only 4.1 percent of
the affected 97 assemblies in the core. The potential increase in
the iodine release and the thyroid dose is 2.63 percent. The
thyroid dose increased to 1.03 rem at the EAB, and 0.1 rem
(increase masked by numeric rounding) at the LPZ.
For the LOCA, the four MOX LTAs represent only 2.1 percent of the
193 assemblies in the core. The potential increase in the iodine
release and the thyroid dose is 1.32 percent. The thyroid dose
increased to 90.2 rem at the exclusion area boundary (EAB), 25.3
rem at the low population zone (LPZ), and 5.37 at the control
room. These changes in dose consequences constitute a small
percent of the difference between the current dose value and the
regulatory guideline value, and therefore, do not represent a
significant increase in the consequences of these previously
evaluated accidents.
The second category of accidents includes the fuel handling
accident (FHA), the weir gate drop accident (WGD) and the fresh
MOX LTA drop accident. Duke assessed the MOX LTA impact on doses
for the FHA and WGD accidents by re-calculating the analyses of
record with updated input data. Duke projected radiological
consequences to increase for the FHA from 1.4 to 2.3 rem Total
Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE) at the EAB, from 0.21 to 0.34
rem TEDE at the outer boundary of the LPZ and from 1.3 to 2.1 rem
TEDE in the control room. Duke projected radiological
consequences for the WGD to increase from 2.2 to 3.5 rem TEDE at
the EAB, from 0.31 to 0.5 rem TEDE at the outer boundary of the
LPZ and from 2.1 to 3.3 rem TEDE in the control room. Duke also
assessed the radiological consequences of a drop of a fresh MOX
LTA prior to it being placed in the spent fuel pool.
Although the configuration of the MOX pellets and LTA fuel rods
provides protection against inhalation hazards, it is conceivable
that some plutonium might become airborne if the MOX LTA is
severely damaged. The EAB and control room TEDE estimated by the
licensee for the postulated fresh fuel assembly drop were less
than 0.3 rem. These consequences are bounded by the consequences
of a dropped irradiated fuel assembly.
These resulting dose consequence values provide significant
margin to the values specified in 10 CFR 50.67, ``Accident Source
Term,'' as supplemented by regulatory position 4.4 of RG 1.183,
``Alternative Radiological Source Terms for Evaluating Design
Basis Accidents at Nuclear Power Reactors,'' and therefore, do
not represent a significant increase in the consequences of these
accidents.
The third category of accidents includes accidents whose source
term assumptions are derived from reactor coolant system (RCS)
radionuclide concentrations. These include, steam generator tube
rupture, main steam line break, instrument line break, waste gas
decay tank rupture, and liquid storage tank rupture. The
radionuclide releases resulting from these events are based on
established administrative controls that are monitored by
periodic surveillance requirements, for example: RCS and
secondary plant specific activity LCOs, or offsite dose
calculation manual effluent controls.
Increases in specific activities due to MOX LTAs, if any, would
be limited by these administrative controls. Since the analyses
were based upon the numerical values of these controls, there can
be no impact of MOX LTAs on the previously analyzed DBAs in this
category.
II. New or Different Accident Evaluation The proposed license
amendment to allow the use of MOX fuel lead assemblies will not
create the possibility of a new or different kind of accident
from any accident previously evaluated.
The MOX fuel assemblies have similar mechanical and thermal-
hydraulic properties to and nuclear characteristics only slightly
different from the current LEU fuel assemblies. The use of MOX
fuel lead assemblies does not involve any alterations to plant
equipment or procedures that would introduce any new or unique
operational modes or accident precursors. The existing design
basis accidents described in the UFSAR remain appropriate and
have been evaluated to demonstrate that there is no significant
adverse safety impact related to the use of MOX fuel lead
assemblies.
The main physical difference between a fresh MOX fuel assembly
and a LEU fuel assembly is the presence of more radioactivity
from the actinides in the MOX fuel matrix, resulting in a
measurable dose rate in the immediate vicinity of a MOX fuel
assembly. As a result, fresh MOX fuel is transported in a sealed
leaktight shipping container by an enclosed tractor trailer
truck. There are also differences in the fresh MOX fuel handling
procedures, but these differences do not lead to a new or
different type of accident.
A fuel handling accident involving a fresh MOX fuel assembly has
potential for off-site dose consequences; however, the results of
this fuel handling accident are bounded by the current analysis
of a spent LEU fuel assembly drop accident. The calculated site
boundary and control room dose consequences for a fresh MOX fuel
handling accident are much less than the calculated doses for an
accident involving a spent LEU fuel assembly and are well within
the guidelines in 10 CFR Part 100. This accident does not involve
a new release path, does not result in a new fission product
barrier failure mode, and does not create a new sequence of
events that would result in significant cladding failure.
Therefore, this accident is not a new or different kind of
accident.
In conclusion, amending the * * * Catawba license to allow the
receipt,
[[Page 41855]] handling, storage, and use of MOX fuel lead
assemblies does not create the possibility of a new or different
kind of accident.
III. Margin of Safety Evaluation The proposed license amendment
to allow the use of MOX fuel lead assemblies will not involve a
significant reduction in a margin of safety.
There are provisions in the * * * Catawba Technical
Specifications that allow a ``limited number of lead test
assemblies'' to be placed in ``nonlimiting core regions.'' These
provisions will not change and will apply to the planned use of
MOX fuel lead assemblies. The effect of these provisions is to
place restrictions on the allowable power distribution limits for
a MOX fuel lead assembly.
The core design process assures that the limiting fuel rod in the
core, whether LEU or MOX, has adequate nuclear power design
limits under normal, transient, and accident conditions. If the
core design process reveals unacceptable margin, adjustments are
made to restore the needed margin. The operating limits are
established in Core Operating Limits Report to assure the design
limits are not exceeded, thus assuring that adequate design
margins for the fuel are maintained. This iterative design
process is used to analyze the core containing MOX fuel lead
assemblies to assure that there is no significant reduction in a
margin of safety.
Because these lead assemblies will be located in nonlimiting
locations i.e., will have margin above that of the limiting
assemblies, the results of safety analyses will likewise assure
that appropriate margins to safety are maintained during
transients and accidents.
On the basis of the information provided by the licensee and
developed by the NRC staff, it appears that the three standards
of 10 CFR 50.92(c) are satisfied. Therefore, the NRC staff
proposes to determine that the amendment request involves no
significant hazards consideration.
The Commission is seeking public comments on this proposed
determination. Any comments received within 30 days after the
date of publication of this notice will be considered in making
any final determination.
Normally, the Commission will not issue the amendment until the
expiration of the 30-day notice period. However, should
circumstances change during the notice period such that failure
to act in a timely way would result, for example, in derating or
shutdown of the facility, the Commission may issue the license
amendment before the expiration of the 30-day notice period,
provided that its final determination is that the amendment
involves no significant hazards consideration. The final
determination will consider all public and State comments
received. Should the Commission take this action, it will publish
in the Federal Register a notice of issuance and provide for
opportunity for a hearing after issuance. The Commission expects
that the need to take this action will occur very infrequently.
Written comments may be submitted by mail to the Chief, Rules and
Directives Branch, Division of Administrative Services, Office of
Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington,
DC 20555-0001, and should cite the publication date and page
number of this Federal Register notice. Written comments may also
be delivered to Room 6D59, Two White Flint North, 11545 Rockville
Pike, Rockville, Maryland, from 7:30 a.m. to 4:15 p.m. Federal
workdays. Comments on this Notice may also be delivered to the
Commission's Public Document Room (PDR), located at One White
Flint North, Public File Area O1 F21, 11555 Rockville Pike (first
floor), Rockville, Maryland. A copy of any Comments should also
be sent to the Office of the General Counsel, U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, and it is also
requested that copies be transmitted either by means of facsimile
transmission to 301-415-3725 or by e-mail to
[OGCMailCenter@nrc.gov] . A copy of any Comments should also be
sent to Ms. Lisa F. Vaughn, Legal Department (ECIIX), Duke Energy
Corporation, 422 South Church Street, Charlotte, North Carolina
28201-1006, attorney for the licensee. Documents may be examined,
and/or copied for a fee, at the NRC's PDR.
A Notice of Consideration of Issuance of Amendment to Facility
Operating License and Opportunity for a Hearing was published in
the Federal Register on July 25, 2003 (68 FR 44107). On August 21
and August 25, 2003, respectively, the Nuclear Information and
Resource Service and the Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League
filed a petition requesting a hearing and seeking to intervene in
the license amendment proceeding. Pursuant to a notice issued on
September 17, 2003, the Commission established an Atomic Safety
and Licensing Board to preside over this matter.
Since a hearing has been requested, the Commission will make a
final determination on the issue of no significant hazards
consideration. The final determination will serve to decide when
the hearing is held. If the final determination is that the
amendment request involves no significant hazards consideration,
the Commission may issue the amendment and make it immediately
effective, notwithstanding the request for a hearing. The
completion of any ongoing hearing may take place after issuance
of the amendment.
If the final determination is that the amendment request involves
a significant hazards consideration, any hearing held would take
place before the issuance of any amendment.
For further details with respect to this action, see the
application for amendment dated February 27, 2003, as
supplemented by letters dated September 15, September 23, October
1 (two letters), October 3 (two letters), November 3 and 4,
December 10, 2003, February 2, 2004, (two letters), March 1,
2004, (two letters), March 9, 2004, (two letters), March 16, 2004
(two letters), March 26, March 31, April 13, April 16, May 13 and
June 17, 2004 which are available for public inspection at the
Commission's PDR, located at One White Flint North, File Public
Area O1 F21, 11555 Rockville Pike (first floor), Rockville,
Maryland. Publicly available records will be accessible from the
Agencywide Documents Access and Management System's (ADAMS)
Public Electronic Reading Room on the Internet at the NRC Web
site,
[http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving
FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html]
.
Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems
in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the
NRC PDR Reference staff by telephone at 1- 800-397-4209,
301-415-4737, or by e-mail to [pdr@nrc.gov] . Dated at
Rockville, Maryland, this 1st day of July 2004.
For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Robert E. Martin, Sr., Project Manager, Section 1, Project
Directorate II, Division of Licensing Project Management, Office
of Nuclear Reactor Regulation.
[FR Doc. 04-15696 Filed 7-9-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-U
*****************************************************************
24 NRC: Notice of Consideration of Amendment Request To Decommission the
FR Doc 04-15698
[Federal Register: July 12, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 132)]
[Notices] [Page 41857-41859] From the Federal Register Online via
GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr12jy04-63]
S. C. Holdings (SCA Hartley & Hartley Landfill) Site, Kawkawlin
Township, MI and Opportunity To Request a Hearing AGENCY: Nuclear
Regulatory Commission.
ACTION: Notice of a license amendment request and opportunity to
request a hearing; notice of public meeting.
DATES: Comment must be sent by August 11, 2004. A request for a
hearing must be filed by September 10, 2004. Public meeting will
be held on July 21, 2004.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: David Nelson, Project Manager,
Decommissioning Directorate, Division of Waste Management and
Environmental Protection, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and
Safeguards, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC
20555- 0001; telephone (301) 415-6626; fax (301) 415-5398; or
e-mail at
dwn@nrc.gov [ dwn@nrc.gov] .
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Introduction The U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (NRC) is considering issuance of a license
amendment to Source Material License No.
SUC- 1565, issued to S. C. Holdings (the licensee), to authorize
decommissioning of its Hartley & Hartley Landfill Site in Bay
County, Michigan, and to allow termination of this license.
On November 26, 2003, S. C. Holdings submitted the
Decommissioning Plan (DP) for the Hartley & Hartley Landfill Site
for NRC review, approval, and incorporation, by amendment to
license, SUC-1565.
An NRC administrative review, documented in a letter dated March
1, 2004, found the DP acceptable to begin a technical review.
If the NRC approves the DP, the approval will be documented in an
amendment to NRC License No. SUC-1565. However, before approving
the proposed amendment, the NRC will need to make the findings
required by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and NRC's
regulations. These findings will be documented in a Safety
Evaluation Report and an Environmental Assessment. The license
will be terminated if this amendment is approved following
completion of decommissioning activities and verification by the
NRC in accordance with the license termination rule
[[Page 41858]] (subpart E of 10 CFR part 20) and the Commission's
regulations.
II. Opportunity To Provide Comments In accordance with 10 CFR
20.1405, the NRC is providing notice to individuals in the
vicinity of the site that the NRC is in receipt of a DP, and will
accept comments concerning this decommissioning proposal and its
associated environmental impacts. Comments with respect to this
action should be provided in writing within 30 days of this
notice and addressed to David Nelson, Project Manager, Mail Stop:
T-7F27, Decommissioning Directorate, Division of Waste Management
and Environmental Protection, Office of Nuclear Material Safety
and Safeguards, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington,
DC 20555- 0001, telephone (301) 415-6626, fax number (301)
415-5398 or e-mail dwn@nrc.gov [ dwn@nrc.gov] . Because of
possible disruptions in the delivery of mail to United States
Government offices, it is requested that comments mailed also be
transmitted to the Project Manager by means of facsimile
transmission or by e-mail. Comments received after 30 days will
be considered if practicable to do so, but only those comments
received on or before the due date can be assured consideration.
III. Public Meeting A public meeting will be held in Bay County,
Michigan, to solicit comments from individuals in the vicinity of
the site and answer any questions about NRC's review of the DP
for the S. C. Holdings SCA Hartley & Hartley Landfill Site. The
public meeting will be held on July 21, 2004, from 7 p.m. to 9:30
p.m. at the Bay County Community Center, 800 John F. Kennedy
Drive, Bay City, Michigan, 48708. IV. Opportunity To Request a
Hearing The NRC hereby provides notice that this is a proceeding
on an application for a license amendment. In accordance with the
general requirements in subpart C of 10 CFR part 2, as amended on
January 14, 2004 (69 FR 2182), any person whose interest may be
affected by this proceeding and who desires to participate as a
party must file a written request for a hearing and a
specification of the contentions which the person seeks to have
litigated in the hearing.
In accordance with 10 CFR 2.302 (a), a request for a hearing must
be filed with the Commission either by: 1. First class mail
addressed to: Office of the Secretary, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, Attention: Rulemakings and
Adjudications; 2. Courier, express mail, and expedited delivery
services: Office of the Secretary, Sixteenth Floor, One White
Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852,
Attention: Rulemakings and Adjudications Staff, between 7:45 a.m.
and 4:15 p.m., Federal workdays; 3. E-mail addressed to the
Office of the Secretary, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission,
hearingdocket@nrc.gov [hearingdocket@nrc.gov] ; or 4. By
facsimile transmission addressed to the Office of the Secretary,
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, Attention:
Rulemakings and Adjudications Staff, at (301) 415-1101;
verification number is (301) 415-1966.
In accordance with 10 CFR 2.302 (b), all documents offered for
filing must be accompanied by proof of service on all parties to
the proceeding or their attorneys of record as required by law or
by rule or order of the Commission, including: 1. The applicant,
by delivery to Waste Management, Inc., 700 56th Avenue, Zeeland,
MI 49464, Attention: Philip M. Mazor, and, 2. The NRC staff, by
delivery to the Office of the General Counsel, One White Flint
North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, or by mail
addressed to the Office of the General Counsel, U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001. Hearing
requests should also be transmitted to the Office of the General
Counsel, either by means of facsimile transmission to (301)
415-3725, or by e-mail to ogcmailcenter@nrc.gov [
ogcmailcenter@nrc.gov] . The formal requirements for documents
are contained in 10 CFR 2.304 (b), (c), (d), and (e), and must be
met. However, in accordance with 10 CFR 2.304 (f), a document
filed by electronic mail or facsimile transmission need not
comply with the formal requirements of 10 CFR 2.304 (b), (c), and
(d), if an original and two (2) copies otherwise complying with
all of the requirements of 10 CFR 2.304 (b), (c), and (d) are
mailed within two (2) days thereafter to the Secretary, U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001,
Attention: Rulemakings and Adjudications Staff.
In accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (b), a request for a hearing must
be filed by September 10, 2004.
In addition to meeting other applicable requirements of 10 CFR
part 2 of the NRC's regulations, the general requirements
involving a request for a hearing filed by a person other than an
applicant must state: 1. The name, address and telephone number
of the requester; 2. The nature of the requester's right under
the Act to be made a party to the proceeding; 3. The nature and
extent of the requester's property, financial or other interest
in the proceeding; 4. The possible effect of any decision or
order that may be issued in the proceeding on the requester's
interest; and 5. The circumstances establishing that the request
for a hearing is timely in accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (b). In
accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (f)(1), a request for hearing or
petitions for leave to intervene must set forth with
particularity the contentions sought to be raised. For each
contention, the request or petition must: 1. Provide a specific
statement of the issue of law or fact to be raised or
controverted; 2. Provide a brief explanation of the basis for the
contention; 3. Demonstrate that the issue raised in the
contention is within the scope of the proceeding; 4. Demonstrate
that the issue raised in the contention is material to the
findings that the NRC must make to support the action that is
involved in the proceeding; 5. Provide a concise statement of the
alleged facts or expert opinions which support the
requester's/petitioner's position on the issue and on which the
requester/petitioner intends to rely to support its position on
the issue; and 6. Provide sufficient information to show that a
genuine dispute exists with the applicant on a material issue of
law or fact.
This information must include references to specific portions of
the application that the requester/petitioner disputes and the
supporting reasons for each dispute, or, if the
requester/petitioner believes the application fails to contain
information on a relevant matter as required by law, the
identification of each failure and the supporting reasons for the
requester's/petitioner's belief.
In addition, in accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (f)(2), contentions
must be based on documents or other information available at the
time the petition is to be filed, such as the application or
other supporting documents filed by the applicant, or otherwise
available to the petitioner. Contentions may be amended or new
contentions filed after the initial filing only with leave of the
presiding officer.
Requesters/petitioners should, when possible, consult with each
other in preparing contentions and combine similar subject matter
concerns into a
[[Page 41859]] joint contention, for which one of the
co-sponsoring requesters/ petitioners is designated the lead
representative. Further, in accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (f)(3),
any requester/petitioner that wishes to adopt a contention
proposed by another requester/petitioner must do so in writing
within ten days of the date the contention is filed, and
designate a representative who shall have the authority to act
for the requester/petitioner.
In accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (g), a request for hearing and/or
petition for leave to intervene may also address the selection of
the hearing procedures, taking into account the provisions of 10
CFR 2.310. V. Further Information Documents related to this
action, including the application for license amendment and
supporting documentation, are available electronically at the
NRC's Electronic Reading Room at
http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html
[http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving
FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html]
.
From this site, you can access the NRC's Agencywide Document
Access and Management System (ADAMS), which provides text and
image files of NRC's public documents. The ADAMS accession
numbers for the documents related to this Notice are: The
application for the license amendment and supporting
documentation are available for inspection at NRC's Public
Electronic Reading Room on the NRC Web site at:
http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html
[http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving
FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html]
. ADAMS Accession Nos ML033430565, ML033430567, ML033430568 and
ML033430570 contain the November 23, 2003, application for
license amendment and the DP for the S. C. Holdings Hartley &
Hartley Landfill Site, and ADAMS Accession No. ML040570438
contains the March 1, 2004, NRC acceptance review letter. Persons
who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in
accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC
PDR Reference staff by telephone at (800) 397- 4209 or (301)
415-4737, or by e-mail to pdr@nrc.gov [pdr@nrc.gov] . These
documents may also be examined, and/or copied for a fee, at the
NRC Public Document Room (PDR), located at One White Flint North,
11555 Rockville Pike (First Floor), Rockville, MD 20852. The PDR
is open from 7:45 a.m. to 4:15 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except on Federal holidays. Dated in Rockville, Maryland, this
2nd day of July 2004.
Claudia M. Craig, Acting Deputy Director, Decommissioning
Directorate, Division of Waste Management and Environmental
Protection, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards.
[FR Doc. 04-15698 Filed 7-9-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P
*****************************************************************
25 NRC: Notice of Consideration of Amendment Request to Decommission The
FR Doc 04-15699
[Federal Register: July 12, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 132)]
[Notices] [Page 41855-41857] From the Federal Register Online via
GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr12jy04-62]
Michigan Department of Natural Resources' Tobico Marsh State Game
Area Site, Bay County, MI, and Opportunity To Request a Hearing
AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
ACTION: Notice of a license amendment request and opportunity to
request a hearing; notice of Public Meeting.
[[Page 41856]]
DATES: Comment must be sent by August 11, 2004. A request for a
hearing must be filed by September 10, 2004. Public meeting will
be held on July 21, 2004.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: David Nelson, Project Manager,
Decommissioning Directorate, Division of Waste Management and
Environmental Protection, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and
Safeguards, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC
20555- 0001; telephone (301) 415-6626; fax (301) 415-5398; or
e-mail at [ dwn@nrc.gov] .
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Introduction The U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (NRC) is considering issuance of a license
amendment to Source Material License No.
SUC- 1581, issued to the Michigan Department of Natural Resources
(the licensee), to authorize decommissioning of its Tobico Marsh
State Game Area Site in Bay County, Michigan, and to allow
termination of this license.
On January 30, 2004, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources
submitted Revision 1 of the Decommissioning Plan (DP) for the
Michigan Department of Natural Resources' Tobico Marsh State Game
Area Site, for NRC review, approval, and incorporation, by
amendment to license, SUC- 1581. An NRC administrative review,
documented in a letter to the Michigan Department of Natural
Resources, dated April 22, 2004, found the DP acceptable to begin
a technical review.
If the NRC approves the DP, the approval will be documented in an
amendment to NRC License No. SUC-1581. However, before approving
the proposed amendment, the NRC will need to make the findings
required by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and NRC's
regulations. These findings will be documented in a Safety
Evaluation Report and an Environmental Assessment. The license
will be terminated if this amendment is approved following
completion of decommissioning activities and verification by the
NRC in accordance with the license termination rule (Subpart E of
10 CFR Part 20) and the Commission's regulations.
II. Opportunity To Provide Comments In accordance with 10 CFR
20.1405, the NRC is providing notice to individuals in the
vicinity of the site that the NRC is in receipt of a DP, and will
accept comments concerning this decommissioning proposal and its
associated environmental impacts. Comments with respect to this
amendment should be provided in writing within 30 days of this
notice and addressed to David Nelson, Project Manager, Mail Stop:
T-7F27, Decommissioning Directorate, Division of Waste Management
and Environmental Protection, Office of Nuclear Material Safety
and Safeguards, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington,
DC 20555- 0001, telephone (301) 415-6626, fax number (301)
415-5398 or e-mail [ dwn@nrc.gov] . Because of possible
disruptions in the delivery of mail to United States Government
offices, it is requested that comments mailed also be transmitted
to the Project Manager by means of facsimile transmission or by
e-mail. Comments received after 30 days will be considered if
practicable to do so, but only those comments received on or
before the due date can be assured consideration.
III. Public Meeting A public meeting will be held in Bay County,
Michigan, to solicit comments from individuals in the vicinity of
the site and answer any questions about NRC's review of the DP
for the Michigan Department of Natural Resources' Tobico Marsh
State Game Area Site. The public meeting will be held on July 21,
2004, from 7 p.m. to 9:30 p.m. at the Bay County Community
Center, 800 John F. Kennedy Drive, Bay City, Michigan, 48708.
IV. Opportunity To Request a Hearing The NRC hereby provides
notice that this is a proceeding on an application for a license
amendment. In accordance with the general requirements in Subpart
C of 10 CFR Part 2, as amended on January 14, 2004 (69 FR 2182),
any person whose interest may be affected by this proceeding and
who desires to participate as a party must file a written request
for a hearing and a specification of the contentions which the
person seeks to have litigated in the hearing.
In accordance with 10 CFR 2.302 (a), a request for a hearing must
be filed with the Commission either by: 1. First class mail
addressed to: Office of the Secretary, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, Washington, D.C. 20555-0001, Attention: Rulemakings
and Adjudications; 2. Courier, express mail, and expedited
delivery services: Office of the Secretary, Sixteenth Floor, One
White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852,
Attention: Rulemakings and Adjudications Staff between, 7:45 a.m.
and 4:15 p.m., Federal workdays; 3. E-mail addressed to the
Office of the Secretary, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission,
[HEARINGDOCKET@NRC.GOV] ; or 4. By facsimile transmission
addressed to the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, Washington, D.C., Attention: Rulemakings and
Adjudications Staff, at (301) 415-1101; verification number is
(301) 415-1966.
In accordance with 10 CFR 2.302 (b), all documents offered for
filing must be accompanied by proof of service on all parties to
the proceeding or their attorneys of record as required by law or
by rule or order of the Commission, including: 1. The applicant,
by delivery to the Michigan Department of Natural Resources,
Office of Legal Services, PO Box 30028, Lansing, MI 48909,
Attention: Kelli Sobel, and, 2. The NRC staff, by delivery to the
Office of the General Counsel, One White Flint North, 11555
Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, or by mail addressed to the
Office of the General Counsel, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001. Hearing requests should
also be transmitted to the Office of the General Counsel, either
by means of facsimile transmission to (301) 415-3725, or by
e-mail to [ ogcmailcenter@nrc.gov] . The formal requirements for
documents are contained in 10 CFR 2.304 (b), (c), (d), and (e),
and must be met. However, in accordance with 10 CFR 2.304 (f), a
document filed by electronic mail or facsimile transmission need
not comply with the formal requirements of 10 CFR 2.304 (b), (c),
and (d), if an original and two (2) copies otherwise complying
with all of the requirements of 10 CFR 2.304 (b), (c), and (d)
are mailed within two (2) days thereafter to the Secretary, U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001,
Attention: Rulemakings and Adjudications Staff.
In accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (b), a request for a hearing must
be filed by September 10, 2004.
In addition to meeting other applicable requirements of 10 CFR
Part 2 of the NRC's regulations, the general requirements
involving a request for a hearing filed by a person other than an
applicant must state: 1. The name, address and telephone number
of the requester; 2. The nature of the requester's right under
the Act to be made a party to the proceeding; 3. The nature and
extent of the requester's property, financial or other interest
in the proceeding;
[[Page 41857]] 4. The possible effect of any decision or order
that may be issued in the proceeding on the requester's interest;
and 5. The circumstances establishing that the request for a
hearing is timely in accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (b). In
accordance with 10 CFR 2.309 (f)(1), a request for hearing or
petitions for leave to intervene must set forth with
particularity the contentions sought to be raised. For each
contention, the request or petition must: 1. Provide a specific
statement of the issue of law or fact to be raised or
controverted; 2. Provide a brief explanation of the basis for the
contention; 3. Demonstrate that the issue raised in the
contention is within the scope of the proceeding; 4. Demonstrate
that the issue raised in the contention is material to the
findings that the NRC must make to support the action that is
involved in the proceeding; 5. Provide a concise statement of the
alleged facts or expert opinions which support the
requester's/petitioner's position on the issue and on which the
requester/petitioner intends to rely to support its position on
the issue; and 6. Provide sufficient information to show that a
genuine dispute exists with the applicant on a material issue of
law or fact.
This information must include references to specific portions of
the application that the requester/petitioner disputes and the
supporting reasons for each dispute, or, if the
requester/petitioner believes the application fails to contain
information on a relevant matter as required by law, the
identification of each failure and the supporting reasons for the
requester's/petitioner's belief.
In addition, in accordance with 10 CFR 2.309(f)(2), contentions
must be based on documents or other information available at the
time the petition is to be filed, such as the application or
other supporting documents filed by the applicant, or otherwise
available to the petitioner. Contentions may be amended or new
contentions filed after the initial filing only with leave of the
presiding officer.
Requesters/petitioners should, when possible, consult with each
other in preparing contentions and combine similar subject matter
concerns into a joint contention, for which one of the
co-sponsoring requesters/petitioners is designated the lead
representative.
Further, in accordance with 10 CFR 2.309(f)(3), any
requester/petitioner that wishes to adopt a contention proposed
by another requester/petitioner must do so in writing within ten
days of the date the contention is filed, and designate a
representative who shall have the authority to act for the
requester/petitioner.
In accordance with 10 CFR 2.309(g), a request for hearing and/or
petition for leave to intervene may also address the selection of
the hearing procedures, taking into account the provisions of 10
CFR 2.310. V. Further Information Documents related to this
action, including the application for license amendment and
supporting documentation, are available electronically at the
NRC's Electronic Reading Room at
[http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leaving
FR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html]
.
From this site, you can access the NRC's Agencywide Document
Access and Management System (ADAMS), which provides text and
image files of NRC's public documents. The ADAMS accession
numbers for the documents related to this Notice are: ML040790356
which contains the January 30, 2004 application for license
amendment and the DP for the Michigan Department of Natural
Resources' Tobico Marsh State Game Area Site; ML041110650 which
contains the April 22, 2004 NRC acceptance review letter. Persons
who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in
accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC
PDR Reference staff by telephone at (800) 397-4209 or (301)
415-4737, or by email to [pdr@nrc.gov] . These documents may
also be examined, and/or copied for a fee, at the NRC Public
Document Room (PDR), located at One White Flint North, 11555
Rockville Pike (First Floor), Rockville, MD 20852. The PDR is
open from 7:45 a.m. to 4:15 p.m., Monday through Friday, except
on Federal holidays.
Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 2nd day of July 2004.
For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Claudia M. Craig, Acting Deputy Director, Decommissioning
Directorate, Division of Waste Management and Environmental
Protection, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards.
[FR Doc. 04-15699 Filed 7-9-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P
*****************************************************************
26 NRC: Meeting on Planning and Procedures; Notice of Meeting
FR Doc 04-15700
[Federal Register: July 12, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 132)]
[Notices] [Page 41859] From the Federal Register Online via GPO
Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr12jy04-64]
The ACNW will hold a Planning and Procedures meeting on July 20,
2004, Room T-2B3, 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland.
The entire meeting will be open to public attendance, with the
exception of a portion that may be closed pursuant to 5 U.S.C.
552b(c) (2) and (6) to discuss organizational and personnel
matters that relate solely to internal personnel rules and
practices of ACNW, and information the release of which would
constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy.
The agenda for the subject meeting shall be as follows: Tuesday,
July 20, 2004--8:30 a.m.-9:45 a.m. The Committee will discuss
proposed ACNW activities and related matters. The purpose of this
meeting is to gather information, analyze relevant issues and
facts, and formulate proposed positions and actions, as
appropriate, for deliberation by the full Committee.
Members of the public desiring to provide oral statements and/or
written comments should notify the Designated Federal Official,
Mr. Howard J. Larson (Telephone: 301/415-6805) between 7:30 a.m.
and 4:15 p.m. (e.t.) five days prior to the meeting, if possible,
so that appropriate arrangements can be made. Electronic
recordings will be permitted only during those portions of the
meeting that are open to the public.
Further information regarding this meeting can be obtained by
contacting the Designated Federal Official between 7:30 a.m. and
4:15 p.m. (e.t.). Persons planning to attend this meeting are
urged to contact the above named individual at least two working
days prior to the meeting to be advised of any potential changes
in the agenda.
Dated: July 2, 2004.
Howard J. Larson, Acting Associate Director for Technical
Support, ACRS/ACNW.
[FR Doc. 04-15700 Filed 7-9-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P
*****************************************************************
27 Toronto Star: Lessons have been learned
TheStar.com -
Mon. Jul. 12, 2004. | Updated at 08:49 AM
OPG committed to not repeating mistakes as it brings Pickering A
Unit 1 online, says Jake Epp
The Ontario government has endorsed a decision by the board of
directors of Ontario Power Generation (OPG) to complete the
return to service of our Unit 1 reactor at the Pickering A
nuclear generating station.
This is the shortest lead time source of major new electricity
generation available to the province 515 megawatts of virtually
smog-free power.
We have taken a very thorough and careful approach on this
project. There's no question that we learned many lessons from
our experience in returning the Unit 4 reactor to service last
year a project that took much longer and cost more than
expected.
In May, 2003, the Ontario government commissioned a Pickering A
review panel, which I chaired, to look into what went wrong. We
reported on this issue and also made recommendations in the areas
of corporate governance, project management, management
effectiveness and company culture.
Our intent was to help OPG ensure that the mistakes made on Unit
4 would not be repeated with a Unit 1 return to service project.
Our panel delivered its report in November, 2003, just before I
became chairman of OPG.
The Ontario government then struck an OPG review committee under
John Manley, whose mandate included a review of the potential
return to service of Unit 1. I also served on this panel, along
with former Scotiabank chair Peter Godsoe.
Our report concluded that the project should go ahead, subject
to meeting a number of milestones before starting major
construction.
The two reviews clearly highlighted the mistakes that OPG made in
returning the Unit 4 reactor to service. They also made many
recommendations, each of which OPG has addressed in preparing for
the Unit 1 return to service.
One of the major flaws in the Unit 4 project was that OPG moved
into the major construction phase well before the preparatory
phase was completed. This will not occur with Unit 1. As we
prepare to begin major construction, all of the required
preparatory work has been finished:
All design engineering for the project is complete;
All the planning and assessing for the first four months of the
major construction phase is complete;
More than 90 per cent of the materials for the first three months
of the major construction phase are on site;
The work schedule and budget for the project have been finalized;
Contracts with all the prime contractors are in place.
As a further measure, the Unit 1 restart is subject to rigorous
external oversight. Schiff Hardin LLP is co-ordinating the
oversight, working with J. Wilson &Associates and Meyer
Construction Consulting. They have been involved in monitoring
the progress of the project during the preparatory phase,
reporting to the board of directors, and will maintain their
oversight role through to the end of the major construction
phase.
Finally, OPG will keep the public informed of our progress and
provide regular public updates on the Unit 1 return to service
project as key milestones are reached. We will also provide a
formal status report to the Ontario government in October, 2004.
The return to service of Unit 1 will be complex and challenging.
The project involves the completion of almost 20,000 tasks
requiring 1.7 million person hours of work. It will include the
testing, maintenance, rehabilitation or replacement of virtually
every system, structure and component of Unit 1.
In spite of the complexity of the project, this is a very
worthwhile undertaking for Ontario. The OPG review committee
confirmed that the going forward cost of power from Pickering A
Unit 1 compares favourably with other large-scale sources of
power available to the province.
Our target date for completion of the construction phase is June
1, 2005. A commissioning phase would begin at that time and take
place over the summer, with the unit expected to return to
commercial service in September, 2005.
OPG is ready to move forward on this important project. We have
learned from past experience and built a strong foundation on
which to complete the Unit 1 project. We will return Unit 1 to
service in an expeditious and financially responsible manner,
thereby contributing 515 megawatts of clean and economic
electricity to Ontario's power resources.
Jake Epp is chair of Ontario Power Generation and a former
federal energy minister.
Legal Notice: Copyright Toronto Star Newspapers Limited. All
rights reserved. Distribution, transmission or republication of
any material from www.thestar.com [http://www.thestar.com] is
*****************************************************************
28 SouthofBoston.com: Nuclear plant becomes pawn
The Enterprise 60 Main St. P.O. Box 1450 Brockton, MA 02303-1450
(508) 586-6200 CONTACT US
[http://enterprise.southofboston.com/extras/contact.shtml]
Unions generally have every right to picket and every right to go
on strike. But a union goes too far when it tries to shut down a
nuclear power plant as a negotiating ploy.
The Utility Workers Union of America Local 369 has been
negotiating a new contract with Entergy, the owner of the Pilgrim
Nuclear Station in Plymouth, for about six months. It has not
gone well and the union could go on strike as early as Tuesday,
when the current contract expires. The union has asked the
Nuclear Regulatory Commission to shut down the plant in the event
of a strike.
Such an order would give the union an unfair negotiating
advantage and could jeopardize the safety of nearby residents.
It is no secret that the coastal power plant is an inviting
target for terrorism. That is one reason why its ability to
operate should not be subject to negotiations. Plant officials
say they could operate in the event of a strike by using nonunion
plant managers and workers from other plants it operates. In any
case, Entergy said, the plant would be taken offline if there
were any safety issues.
The union is being supported by a local citizens group, Pilgrim
Watch, which also has asked the NRC to shut the plant in case of
a strike. But Pilgrim Watch has a larger agenda; it previously
asked the NRC to close the plant during almost the entire month
of July because of the Democratic National Convention in Boston
July 26-29. The NRC denied that request.
The nuclear plant should not be used as a pawn in a contract
negotiation. It also cannot become a pawn in international
affairs. Pilgrim Watch was playing on the fears of residents by
demanding the plant close from July 4 to the end of the
convention. What sense does that make? Is the plant less
vulnerable on July 3 or in August, or any other time?
People have a right to be nervous when Homeland Security
Secretary Tom Ridge goes on television and warns that al-Qaida is
planning to attack the United States, but doesn't say where or
when or how. Neighbors of a nuclear power plant must get edgy at
those times. They don't need the added anxiety of having their
plant "attacked" at other times, just because some workers are
not satisfied with how their contract negotiations are
progressing.
CONTACT US
[http://enterprise.southofboston.com/extras/contact.shtml] The
Enterprise, 60 Main St., P.O. Box 1450, Brockton, MA 02303-1450
Telephone: (508) 586-6200
*****************************************************************
29 SVBI: Nuclear Regulatory Commission Selects Autonomy to Power
Licensing Support Network Web Site
Silicon Valley Biz Ink:
[http://www.svbizink.com
Autonomy's Technology Expedites Evidence Sharing in Yucca
Mountain Radioactive Waste Repository Case
SAN FRANCISCO, July 12 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Autonomy
Corporation plc (Nasdaq: AUTN; LSE: AU.), a leading provider of
infrastructure software for the enterprise, today announced that
the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), an independent
agency that regulates civilian use of nuclear materials, has
recently upgraded its existing Autonomy configuration to power
its Licensing Support Network (LSN) Web site, LSNNET.gov. The
upgraded configuration to the most recent version of the software
adds new services that allow significantly expanded capacity. The
Web site, built by AT Government Solutions, is dedicated to
sharing discovery materials relating to the Yucca Mountain
radioactive waste repository proceeding. Autonomy's technology
will perform accurate and efficient retrieval of more than a
million documents for numerous participants involved in the
hearings.
Powered by Autonomy's Intelligent Data Operating Layer (IDOL)
technology, LSNNET.gov provides a single place where the numerous
parties and potential parties to the licensing hearing --
including the State of Nevada, several Nevada counties, the
National Congress of American Indians and various environmental
groups -- can share and search discovery documents in a uniform
way. With Autonomy, concept queries bring back relevant
information, as well as documents for which the user has not
thought to search. This functionality makes Autonomy a precise
and powerful tool that can sift through a massive amount of data
quickly.
"Because it's being used in a legal application, there was a
major focus on using a software product that ensures reliable
results," said Dan Graser, LSN administrator. "Autonomy's
language analysis and relevance ranking gained our confidence
that the system is reliable and that it meets expectations for
precise information delivery."
"With LSNNET.gov, the NRC has provided a valuable tool for
document sharing in a complicated hearing," said John Cronin,
vice president, Autonomy federal group. "Autonomy's technology
is an integral part of expediting that process, given the number
of documents and parties involved, and will positively impact the
NRC's commitment to provide a level playing field for all
involved in the Yucca Mountain radioactive waste repository
case."
Autonomy's unique IDOL integrates unstructured,
semi-structured and structured information from multiple
repositories through an understanding of their content. Autonomy
grants enterprises the flexibility to use advanced information
retrieval or legacy-based approaches. At the heart of Autonomy's
software is its ability to process text, voice and video, and
identify and rank the main concepts within them. It then
automatically categorizes, links, summarizes, personalizes and
delivers that information. Autonomy's technology also drives
collaboration across the enterprise and enables organizations to
effectively leverage expertise. Autonomy's infrastructure
technology is used to automate operations within enterprise
information portals, customer relationship management, knowledge
management, business intelligence and e-business applications,
among others.
About Autonomy
Autonomy Corporation plc is a global leader in infrastructure
software for the enterprise. Autonomy's technology powers
applications dependent upon unstructured information including
call center, customer relationship management, knowledge
management, enterprise portals, enterprise resource planning,
online publishing and security applications. Autonomy's customer
base includes more than 1,000 global companies including BAE
Systems, Ford, Ericsson, Royal Sun Alliance, Sun Microsystems and
public sector agencies including the U.S. Department of Defense,
NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy. Strategic reseller and
OEM partners include leading companies such as ATG, BEA, Business
Objects, Citrix, Computer Associates, EDS, IBM Global Services,
Novell, Novient, Veritas, Vignette, Supportsoft and Sybase. The
company has offices worldwide.
The Autonomy Group of companies includes: Aungate, a leading
supplier of electronic communications management technology for
regulatory compliance in the enterprise; Audentify, a leading
supplier of next-generation contact center technology; and
Virage, a leading provider of rich media communication and
content management software.
Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
With the exception of historical information, the matters set
forth in this news release are forward-looking statements that
involve risks and uncertainties. A number of important factors
could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the
forward-looking statements. These factors include, among others,
technology risks, including dependence on core technology;
fluctuations in quarterly results; dependence on new product
development; rapid technological and market change; reliance on
sales by others; management of growth; dependence on key
personnel; rapid expansion; growth of the Internet; financial
risk management; and future growth subject to risks. These
factors and other factors, which could cause actual results to
differ materially are also discussed in the company's filings
with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission,
including Autonomy's Annual Report on Form 20-F and Registration
Statements on Form F-1.
CONTACT: Kris Marubio, +1-415-243-9955, or
krism@us.autonomy.com [ krism@us.autonomy.com] , or Dominic
Johnson, +44 (0) 1223 448 000, or dominicj@autonomy.com [
dominicj@autonomy.com] , both of Autonomy Corporation plc; or
Kelly Shall of Schwartz Communications, Inc., +1-415-512-0770, or
autonomy@schwartz-pr.com; or Edward Bridges of Financial
Dynamics, +44 207 831 3113, or edward.bridges@fd.com [
edward.bridges@fd.com] , both for Autonomy.
© 2004 Silicon Valley Business Ink. All rights reserved. This
*****************************************************************
30 [du-list] and so does Dan Fahey eat DU for breakfast
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:54:27 -0700
http://www.antenna.nl/wise/uranium/pdf/duemdec.pdf
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31 [du-list] Britian sues US giant over 'uranium poisun
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:54:24 -0700
http://observer.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,6903,1258632,00.html
Briton sues US giant over 'uranium poison'
Landmark court case could establish critical link for
Gulf war veterans
Antony Barnett, public affairs editor
Sunday July 11, 2004
The Observer
A former British defence worker has won legal aid to
sue the giant US military corporation Honeywell over
claims that he was poisoned by depleted uranium while
working at its Somerset factory.
The case is likely to have far-reaching implications
for Gulf war veterans, aerospace workers and civilians
living in former war zones.
Richard 'Nibby' David, 49, suffers from serious
respiratory problems, kidney defects and finds it
extremely painful to move his limbs. Medical tests
have revealed mutations to his DNA and damage to his
chromosomes which he alleges has been caused by
depleted uranium poisoning (DU), a radioactive waste
product from the nuclear power industry that is used
for shells because it can smash through tank armour.
Millions of tonnes of DU shells have been fired by US
and British forces in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq. It
has also been used as ballast in aircraft and
counterweights on helicopter blades. While it is
believed to be relatively harmless lying in the soil,
a growing body of scientists believe that when its
fine dust is inhaled it can cause a range of cancers,
kidney damage and birth defects.
It has been alleged that DU used in the 1991 Gulf war
was responsible for abnormally high levels of
childhood leukaemia and birth defects in Iraq. France,
Spain and Italy claim soldiers who served in Bosnia
and Kosovo, where Nato used DU shells, have contracted
cancers. It is also believed to be a possible cause of
Gulf war syndrome, which has left thousand of veterans
with mysterious health problems.
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While the defence and nuclear industries have played
down the danger of DU, David's case is the first time
that the arguments will be heard before a court.
Should he win, the verdict will send shockwaves
through the military establishment as it could pave
the way for huge compensation claims against the armed
forces. He also believes that dozens of his fellow
workers at the Honeywell site in Yeovil have also
suffered. A number of his closest colleagues have died
or contracted liver cancers.
Although the Legal Aid Board does not back personal
injury claims, it decided that David's case was in the
'wider public interest'. The decision was a major
victory after an eight-year struggle for justice after
ill health forced him to give up his job in 1995 as a
component fitter for Normalair Garrett, the Yeovil
firm now owned by Honeywell, which makes parts for
most of the world's fighter planes and bombers.
After being struck down by a disorder that left him
paralysed with pain and unable to breathe properly,
David began looking for clues as to the cause. The
breakthrough came in September 1995 while watching a
news bulletin on Gulf war syndrome on which he saw how
a UK army major struggled to get out of her car.
'I was in unbearable pain and unable to move. I
thought I was going to die,' he said. 'But when I saw
this woman major trying to move and saw the intense
pain in her eyes I immediately knew she was suffering
like me.'
David had never been in the armed forces or the Middle
East, but was convinced there was a link between his
illness and those suffered by former Gulf troops. But
it was not until February 1999 that the possibility
that DU was the cause came when he heard a talk by US
scientist Dr Asaf Durakovic, a former military doctor
and nuclear medicine expert. Durakovic suggested that
the debilitating, in some cases fatal, illnesses
suffered by Gulf veterans were not necessarily caused
by a cocktail of vaccines, as some claimed, but by DU
poisoning.
Durakovic decided to test the urine samples of 15 UK
Gulf veterans and agreed to include David's. Six
months later, the results showed that he had one of
the highest levels of uranium contamination out of all
the samples.
'It was unbelievable,' said David. 'I didn't know
whether to laugh or cry. On one hand it gave an answer
to why I was suffering, but also the knowledge I would
never recover. Above all I was confused. How could I
have been contaminated in England?'
The answer was not long in coming. DU is a man-made
material and experts told him that the most likely
route of his contamination was his workplace. David
decided to sue Honeywell Aerospace, but without being
able to pay for lawyers it was impossible to collect
evidence. But now he has been awarded legal aid he
hopes to be represented by barrister Michael Mansfield
QC and intends to call a stream of world experts to
back his claim.
One is Malcolm Hooper, emeritus professor of medicinal
chemistry and chief scientific adviser to the Gulf
Veterans' Association.
'This case will be highly significant not only for
soldiers but for many others. We know of cases where
firemen have had to deal with fires caused by burning
DU at factories and prison officers have also been
contaminated by inhaling fumes. I am in no doubt that
inhaling DU has the potential to cause a great deal of
damage.'
Honeywell has declined to comment on details of the
case, but will claim it never used DU at Yeovil.
However, it is known that another aerospace group,
Westland, which shared the Somerset site, has admitted
using DU from 1966 until 1982 as counterweights for
helicopter blades. David also claims Honeywell used
special heavy metal alloys for making components which
he believes may have contained DU.
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32 PA: SB 922 Day Care Emergency planning
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:55:34 -0700
Statehouse/Politics News
Day-care evacuation bill loses supporters
Legislation as passed limited to for-profits
Sunday, July 11, 2004
BY GARRY LENTON
Of The Patriot-News
A bill that would require day-care centers to have emergency plans for
evacuating children in an emergency such as a nuclear accident or terrorist
attack is on Gov. Ed Rendell's desk awaiting his signature.
But the bill, developed by state Sen. Christine M. Tartaglione,
D-Philadelphia, is proving a disappointment to some of its supporters, who
are asking the governor to veto it.
Advertisement
At issue is a compromise over the definition of child care that opponents
say would leave nearly two thirds of the state's licensed child-care centers
uncovered by the law.
The compromise, demanded by Senate Republicans, limited the bill's reach to
for-profit day cares only. Nonprofit centers, many operated by churches, and
small family home care providers would not be required under the law to have
evacuation plans.
Senate Republicans said they would not support the language if it required
small day cares, usually run out of a private home for two or three
children, to develop the plans, said Don Kockler, chief of staff for
Tartaglione.
The change was a disappointment to Larry Christian, the New Cumberland
father of two young girls, who raised the issue in 2003 after discovering
that the day-care center he used near Three Mile Island had no evacuation
plan.
The Federal Emergency Management Agency requires state and local officials
to develop emergency plans that protect people in the custody of
institutions such as schools, nursing homes and prisons. But it leaves it up
to the states to decide how to accomplish the task.
In 2003, Pennsylvania's emergency plan did not mandate evacuation plans for
child-care centers.
Christian petitioned the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to require the
planning. The commission has yet to act on that request.
His concerns helped prompt Rendell and the state Department of Public
Welfare to adopt rules requiring all child-care facilities to develop
emergency plans. Tartaglione's bill, as originally proposed, would have
given those rules the power of law.
Now, Christian and others worry that the bill will weaken the Department of
Public Welfare's regulations.
"I had great hopes for" the bill, he said. "However, upon review, I have too
many concerns with the way it defines which child-care facilities it
protects. ... I would recommend Gov. Rendell veto it in its current form."
Eric Epstein, president of a nuclear watchdog group and a Democratic
candidate for state Senate, also withdrew his support for the bill Friday.
Epstein worked with Christian to file the petition with the NRC and to lobby
lawmakers.
"I think the bill is a good start," he said. "But I'm uncomfortable with the
creation of two classes of children. ... I don't think [Rendell] should sign
it."
The Pennsylvania Child Care Association, which represents the state's care
providers, also called on Rendell to veto the measure.
"The issue is, should a facility that cares for kids have an emergency
preparedness program," said Terry Casey, executive director of the care
association. "If the answer is yes, then why do we split into for-profit and
nonprofit?"
Tartaglione's staff defended the bill, saying it would not circumvent
existing Department of Public Welfare regulations requiring all child-care
facilities to have evacuation plans.
To the contrary, Kockler said, the bill would add to the department's
authority by making the requirement law at least for the larger, for-profit
centers.
"We don't think it precludes the department in any way from putting plans
together to require nonprofits to have plans," he said.
Rendell has until tomorrow to act on the bill. If he fails to sign it, it
will pass automatically into law. A Rendell spokesman would not say if the
governor planned to sign the bill.
Christina Novak, spokeswoman for the Department of Public Welfare, said the
Welfare secretary offered recommendations to the governor, but those
recommendations were confidential.
But Estelle B. Richman, Public Welfare secretary, expressed concerns about
the bill in a June 29 letter to Tartaglione. In it, Richman noted that the
bill would exclude 76 percent of the child-care facilities in the state
"leaving a large majority of children in child-care facilities without the
benefit of an emergency preparedness plan."
Tartaglione responded that the exclusion was necessary to win bipartisan
support for the bill. The bill would not take away the Public Welfare
Department's authority to require nonprofit centers to create plans, she
said.
GARRY LENTON: 255-8264 or glenton@patriot-news.com
*****************************************************************
33 [du-list] DU Munitions Action Plan Update July 11, 2004
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:54:29 -0700
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags">
Depleted Uranium Munitions Action Plan
Updated July 11, 2004 by Glen Milner
DOT-E 9649 has not been renewed. Letters may still be sent to the
Department of Transportation.
The Depleted Uranium Munitions Action Plan is an attempt by activists
across the United States to prevent the renewal of a special U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT) exemption, DOT-E 9649, which allows the
shipment of depleted uranium munitions without a DOT “Radioactive” placard
displayed on the shipment.
The expiration date for the exemption was June 30, 2004. The complete
action plan is posted at
http://www.traprockpeace.org/du_mun_action_plan.pdf
or contact info@gzcenter.org for a copy.
The following is updated information based on discussions with Mr. Delmer
Billings of the Department of Transportation on May 3, 2004 and July 9,
2004 and a letter from the U.S. Army to Congressman Jay Inslee dated July
6, 2004:
DOT-E 9649 has not been renewed. Mr. Delmer Billings of the DOT stated on
July 9, 2004 that his agency is waiting for further information regarding
the shipment of depleted uranium munitions. The U.S. Army Military Surface
Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC, formerly MTMC), which manages
the shipment of depleted uranium munitions, has been granted a time
extension in order to provide information requested by the DOT.
Congressman Jay Inslee (north Seattle area) received a letter dated July 6,
2004 from Major General Ann Dunwoody, of the U.S. Army, SDDC, that stated,
"...the Department of Defense shipped depleted uranium munitions in the
United States and overseas in both 2003 and 2004. DOD used DOT-E 9649 for
those shipments.” This statement directly contradicted a statement by
Major Mark Wyrosdick, of the U.S. Army, SDDC, in the March 2, 2004 renewal
application for DOT-E 9649, which said, “There were no shipments made by
DOD using this exemption…”
Congressman Inslee also received a statement from the DOT dated July 6,
2004 which said the DOT is still reviewing the exemption.
Mr. Delmer Billings, Director of the Office of Hazardous Materials of the
Department of Transportation (DOT), stated on May 3, 2004 he thought he had
received approximately 50 to 75 statements against the exemption renewal
through e-mail and the postal service. It is likely activists have sent
well over 100 letters or e-mail messages to Delmer Billings against the
renewal of this exemption.
Mr. Billings stated on July 9, 2004 that the DOT would soon be placing all
letters, messages and documents regarding the renewal of DOT-E 9649 on the
DOT docket management system which will be available for viewing online at
http://dms.dot.gov. Mr. Delmer said the docket number
should be available around July 16, 2004.
Statements by activists may still be made to the Department of
Transportation regarding DOT-E 9649. Mr. Billings stated on July 9, 2004
that he did not know why U.S. Army officers of the same military command,
managing depleted uranium shipments, would give contradicting statements
about whether the exemption is used. Mr. Billing also stated he could not
deny the application for renewal until the Department of Defense is given
the chance to respond to opposing allegations.
A related statement from 1998: A letter from the Chief of the
Transportation Operations Team, E. M. Jones, of the Department of the Army
dated December 3, 1998, to the Commander of the Military Traffic Management
Command stated that DOT-E 9649, at that time, needed to be renewed. The
letter stated the current exemption expired on December 31, 1998. The
letter stated, "The requirements for military shipments of munitions
containing components made of depleted uranium has not changed." The Chief
of the Transportation Operations Team further stated, "Historically, we
have shipped millions of tons of this type of ammunition without incident
under this exemption since this exemption was first approved." (emphasis
added--note that just 2 million tons over the 12 year period since DOT-E
9649 had been approved would average 166,000 tons of depleted uranium
munitions shipped under this exemption each year.)
I apologize for the delay in reporting on this issue. Congressman Inslee
had been trying since May 20, 2004 to obtain the statement from the U.S.
Army that the exemption is used by the military. I will post the docket
number for DOT-E 9649 when it is available. I can be contacted at
gkaajm@juno.com or at (206) 365-7865. Glen Milner
The following is from the original Depleted Uranium Munitions Action Plan:
What to do…
Contact the Department of Transportation Exemptions division and ask that
the DOT immediately terminate and not renew DOT-E 9649. Depleted uranium
munitions should have a “Radioactive” placard and an “Explosives” placard
on shipments. Depleted uranium is an extremely toxic material and much
more dangerous when shipped with an explosive propellant as in the case of
DU munitions. In case of a fire, first responders (local police and fire
fighters) would have no idea the shipment contained radioactive
material. The public has a right to know about hazardous shipments through
their communities.
Send correspondence regarding DOT-E 9649 to:
Mr. Delmer Billings DHM-31
Director, Office of Hazardous Materials
Exemptions and Approvals
Department of Transportation
400 7th St. SW
Washington, D.C. 20590
Fax: (202) 366-3308
E-mail: delmer.billings@rspa.dot.gov
Please also (if you want) send a copy to
info@gzcenter.org
Please share this information with others and local officials.
Organizations sponsoring the Depleted Uranium Munitions Action Plan:
Ground Zero Center for Nonviolent Action, Poulsbo, Washington
Website: www.gzcenter.org E-mail:
info@gzcenter.org
Traprock Peace Center, Deerfield, Massachusetts
Website: www.traprockpeace.org E-mail:
traprock@crocker.com
Military Toxics Project, Lewiston, Maine
Website: www.miltoxproj.org Email:
mtp@miltoxproj.org
Nukewatch, Luck, Wisconsin
Website: www.nukewatch.com E-mail:
nukewatch@lakeland.ws
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34 [du-list Landmark case on depleted uranium poisoning
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:56:20 -0700
Hello, I don't know if the Worked to Death vs Pratt & Whitney case is over,
but if not, this may be of interest. Since the North Haven plant is on the
Quinnipiac River, which flows through my community, New Haven, I would
really appreciate an update on the progress of your case. Mitzi Bowman, DWC
upthesun@cshore.com (203)389-2067
----- Original Message -----
From: "Sidney Goodman"
Sent: Sunday, July 11, 2004 7:55 PM
Subject: Landmark case on depleted uranium poisoning
> >
> >
> > Briton sues US giant over 'uranium poison'
> >
> > Landmark court case could establish critical link for Gulf war veterans
> >
> > Antony Barnett, public affairs editor
> > Sunday July 11, 2004
> > The Observer
> >
> > A former British defence worker has won legal aid to sue the giant US
> > military corporation Honeywell over claims that he was poisoned by
> > depleted uranium while working at its Somerset factory.
> >
> > The case is likely to have far-reaching implications for Gulf war
> > veterans, aerospace workers and civilians living in former war zones.
> >
> > Richard 'Nibby' David, 49, suffers from serious respiratory problems,
> > kidney defects and finds it extremely painful to move his limbs.
> > Medical tests have revealed mutations to his DNA and damage to his
> > chromosomes which he alleges has been caused by depleted uranium
> > poisoning (DU), a radioactive waste product from the nuclear power
> > industry that is used for shells because it can smash through tank
> > armour.
> >
> > Millions of tonnes of DU shells have been fired by US and British
> > forces in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq. It has also been used as
> > ballast in aircraft and counterweights on helicopter blades. While it
> > is believed to be relatively harmless lying in the soil, a growing body
> > of scientists believe that when its fine dust is inhaled it can cause a
> > range of cancers, kidney damage and birth defects.
> >
> > It has been alleged that DU used in the 1991 Gulf war was responsible
> > for abnormally high levels of childhood leukaemia and birth defects in
> > Iraq. France, Spain and Italy claim soldiers who served in Bosnia and
> > Kosovo, where Nato used DU shells, have contracted cancers. It is also
> > believed to be a possible cause of Gulf war syndrome, which has left
> > thousand of veterans with mysterious health problems.
> > While the defence and nuclear industries have played down the danger of
> > DU, David's case is the first time that the arguments will be heard
> > before a court. Should he win, the verdict will send shockwaves through
> > the military establishment as it could pave the way for huge
> > compensation claims against the armed forces. He also believes that
> > dozens of his fellow workers at the Honeywell site in Yeovil have also
> > suffered. A number of his closest colleagues have died or contracted
> > liver cancers.
> >
> > Although the Legal Aid Board does not back personal injury claims, it
> > decided that David's case was in the 'wider public interest'. The
> > decision was a major victory after an eight-year struggle for justice
> > after ill health forced him to give up his job in 1995 as a component
> > fitter for Normalair Garrett, the Yeovil firm now owned by Honeywell,
> > which makes parts for most of the world's fighter planes and bombers.
> >
> > After being struck down by a disorder that left him paralysed with pain
> > and unable to breathe properly, David began looking for clues as to the
> > cause. The breakthrough came in September 1995 while watching a news
> > bulletin on Gulf war syndrome on which he saw how a UK army major
> > struggled to get out of her car.
> >
> > 'I was in unbearable pain and unable to move. I thought I was going to
> > die,' he said. 'But when I saw this woman major trying to move and saw
> > the intense pain in her eyes I immediately knew she was suffering like
> > me.'
> >
> > David had never been in the armed forces or the Middle East, but was
> > convinced there was a link between his illness and those suffered by
> > former Gulf troops. But it was not until February 1999 that the
> > possibility that DU was the cause came when he heard a talk by US
> > scientist Dr Asaf Durakovic, a former military doctor and nuclear
> > medicine expert. Durakovic suggested that the debilitating, in some
> > cases fatal, illnesses suffered by Gulf veterans were not necessarily
> > caused by a cocktail of vaccines, as some claimed, but by DU poisoning.
> >
> > Durakovic decided to test the urine samples of 15 UK Gulf veterans and
> > agreed to include David's. Six months later, the results showed that he
> > had one of the highest levels of uranium contamination out of all the
> > samples.
> >
> > 'It was unbelievable,' said David. 'I didn't know whether to laugh or
> > cry. On one hand it gave an answer to why I was suffering, but also the
> > knowledge I would never recover. Above all I was confused. How could I
> > have been contaminated in England?'
> >
> > The answer was not long in coming. DU is a man-made material and
> > experts told him that the most likely route of his contamination was
> > his workplace. David decided to sue Honeywell Aerospace, but without
> > being able to pay for lawyers it was impossible to collect evidence.
> > But now he has been awarded legal aid he hopes to be represented by
> > barrister Michael Mansfield QC and intends to call a stream of world
> > experts to back his claim.
> >
> > One is Malcolm Hooper, emeritus professor of medicinal chemistry and
> > chief scientific adviser to the Gulf Veterans' Association.
> >
> > 'This case will be highly significant not only for soldiers but for
> > many others. We know of cases where firemen have had to deal with fires
> > caused by burning DU at factories and prison officers have also been
> > contaminated by inhaling fumes. I am in no doubt that inhaling DU has
> > the potential to cause a great deal of damage.'
> >
> > Honeywell has declined to comment on details of the case, but will
> > claim it never used DU at Yeovil. However, it is known that another
> > aerospace group, Westland, which shared the Somerset site, has admitted
> > using DU from 1966 until 1982 as counterweights for helicopter blades.
> > David also claims Honeywell used special heavy metal alloys for making
> > components which he believes may have contained DU.
> >
> >
> > Special report
> > The nuclear industry
> >
> > Graphics
> > The Mox ships' journey around the world (pdf)
> > Nuclear map of Britain
> > US nuclear map
> >
> > Useful links
> > British Energy
> > Department of Trade and Industry
> > British Nuclear Fuels Ltd
> > Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
> > Greenpeace
> > HSE nuclear glossary
> > UK atomic energy authority
> > National Radiological Protection Board
> > Friends of the Earth
> > World Nuclear Association
> > World Nuclear Transport Institute
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004
>
>
>
>
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35 Global Research: Depleted Uranium: The Trojan Horse of Nuclear War
www.globalresearch.ca
by Leuren Moret
World Affairs – The Journal of International Issues, July 2004
www.globalresearch.ca 8 July 2004
The URL of this article is:
http://globalresearch.ca/articles/MOR407A.html
Heat not a furnace for your foe so hot that it do singe yourself.
William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
The use of depleted uranium weaponry by the United States,
defying all international treaties, will slowly annihilate all
species on earth including the human species, and yet this
country continues to do so with full knowledge of its
destructive potential.
Since 1991, the United States has staged four wars using
depleted uranium weaponry, illegal under all international
treaties, conventions and agreements, as well as under the US
military law. The continued use of this illegal radioactive
weaponry, which has already contaminated vast regions with low
level radiation and will contaminate other parts of the world
over time, is indeed a world affair and an international issue.
The deeper purpose is revealed by comparing regions now
contaminated with depleted uranium — from Egypt, the Middle
East, Central Asia and the northern half of India — to the US
geostrategic imperatives described in Zbigniew Brzezinski’s 1997
book The Grand Chessboard.
Fig. 1: Brzezinski’s map of the Eurasian Chessboard
SOUTH REGION: “This huge region, torn by volatile hatreds and
surrounded by competing powerful neighbors, is likely to be a
major battlefield, both for wars among nation-states and, more
likely, for protracted ethnic and religious violence. Whether
India acts as a restraint or whether it takes advantage of some
opportunity to impose its will on Pakistan will greatly affect
the regional scope of the likely conflicts. The internal
strains within Turkey and Iran are likely not only to get worse
but to greatly reduce the stabilizing role these states are
capable of playing within this volcanic region. Such
developments will in turn make it more difficult to assimilate
the new Central Asian states into the international community,
while also adversely affecting the American-dominated security
of the Persian Gulf region. In any case, both America and the
international community may be faced here with a challenge that
will dwarf the recent crisis in the former Yugoslavia.”
Brzezinski
The fact is that the United States and its military partners
have staged four nuclear wars, "slipping nukes under the wire"
by using dirty bombs and dirty weapons in countries the US needs
to control. Depleted uranium aerosols will permanently
contaminate vast regions and slowly destroy the genetic future
of populations living in those regions, where there are
resources which the US must control, in order to establish and
maintain American primacy.
Described as the Trojan Horse of nuclear war, depleted uranium
is the weapon that keeps killing. The half-life of Uranium-238
is 4.5 billion years, the age of the earth. And, as Uranium-238
decays into daughter radioactive products, in four steps before
turning into lead, it continues to release more radiation at
each step. There is no way to turn it off, and there is no way
to clean it up. It meets the US Government’s own definition of
Weapons of Mass Destruction.
After forming microscopic and submicroscopic insoluble Uranium
oxide particles on the battlefield, they remain suspended in air
and travel around the earth as a radioactive component of
atmospheric dust, contaminating the environment,
indiscriminately killing, maiming and causing disease in all
living things where rain, snow and moisture remove it from the
atmosphere. Global radioactive contamination from atmospheric
testing was the equivalent of 40,000 Hiroshima bombs, and still
contaminates the atmosphere and lower orbital space today. The
amount of low level radioactive pollution from depleted uranium
released since 1991, is many times more (deposited internally in
the body), than was released from atmospheric testing fallout.
A 2003 independent report for the European Parliament by the
European Committee on Radiation Risk (ECRR), reports that based
on Chernobyl studies, low level radiation risk is 100 to 1000
times greater than the International Committee for Radiation
Protection models estimate which are based on the flawed Atomic
and Hydrogen Bomb Studies conducted by the US Government.
Referring to the extreme killing effects of radiation on
biological systems, Dr. Rosalie Bertell, one of the 46
international radiation expert authors of the ECRR report,
describes it as:
"The concept of species annihilation means a relatively swift,
deliberately induced end to history, culture, science,
biological reproduction and memory. It is the ultimate human
rejection of the gift of life, an act which requires a new word
to describe it: omnicide."
1943 MANHATTAN PROJECT BLUEPRINT FOR DEPLETED URANIUM
In a declassified memo to General Leslie R. Groves, dated
October 30, 1943, three of the top physicists in the Manhattan
Project, Dr James B Conant, A H Compton, and H C Urey, made
their recommendation, as members of the Subcommittee of the S-1
Executive Committee, on the ‘Use of Radioactive Materials as a
Military Weapon’:
"As a gas warfare instrument the material would be ground into
particles of microscopic size to form dust and smoke and
distributed by a ground-fired projectile, land vehicles, or
aerial bombs. In this form it would be inhaled by personnel. The
amount necessary to cause death to a person inhaling the
material is extremely small … There are no known methods of
treatment for such a casualty … it will permeate a standard gas
mask filter in quantities large enough to be extremely
damaging."
As a Terrain Contaminant:
"To be used in this manner, the radioactive materials would be
spread on the ground either from the air or from the ground if
in enemy controlled territory. In order to deny terrain to
either side except at the expense of exposing personnel to
harmful radiations … Areas so contaminated by radioactive
material would be dangerous until the slow natural decay of the
material took place … for average terrain no decontaminating
methods are known. No effective protective clothing for
personnel seems possible of development. … Reservoirs or wells
would be contaminated or food poisoned with an effect similar to
that resulting from inhalation of dust or smoke."
Internal Exposure:
"… Particles smaller than 1µ [micron] are more likely to be
deposited in the alveoli where they will either remain
indefinitely or be absorbed into the lymphatics or blood. …
could get into the gastro-intestinal tract from polluted water,
or food, or air. … may be absorbed from the lungs or G-I tract
into the blood and so distributed throughout the body."
Both the fission products and depleted uranium waste from the
Atomic Bomb Project were to be utilised under this plan. The
pyrophoric nature of depleted uranium, which causes it to begin
to burn at very low temperatures from friction in the gun
barrel, made it an ideal radioactive gas weapon then and now.
Also it was more available because the amount of depleted
uranium produced was much greater than the amount of fission
products produced in 1943.
Britain had thoughts of using poisoned gas on Iraq long before
1991:
"I am strongly in favour of using poisoned gas against
uncivilized tribes. The moral effect should be good... and it
would spread a lively terror..." (Winston Churchill commenting
on the British use of poison gas against the Iraqis after the
First World War).
GUIDED WEAPONS SYSTEMS
Depleted uranium weapons were first given by the US to Israel
for use under US supervision in the 1973 Sinai war against the
Arabs. Since then the US has tested, manufactured, and sold
depleted uranium weapons systems to 29 countries. An
international taboo prevented their use until 1991, when the US
broke the taboo and used them for the first time, on the
battlefields of Iraq and Kuwait.
The US military admitted using depleted uranium projectiles in
tanks and planes, but warheads in missiles and bombs are
classified or referred to as a ‘dense’ or ‘mystery metal’. Dai
Williams, a researcher at the 2003 World Depleted Uranium
Weapons Conference, reported finding 11 US patents for guided
weapons systems with the term ‘depleted uranium’ or ‘dense
metal’, which from the density can only be depleted uranium or
tungsten, in order to fit the dimensions of the warhead.
Figure 2 - Hard target guided weapons in 2002: smart bombs &
cruise missiles with "dense metal" warheads (updated September
2002)
Warhead weight
[Hard target guided weapons in 2001: smart bombs & cruise
missiles with "dense metal" warheads]
Warhead weights include explosives (~20%) and casing. Dense
metal ballast or liners (suspected to be DU) estimated to be
50-75% of warhead weight - necessary to double the density of
previous versions. AUP = Advanced penetrators. S/CH = Shaped
Charge. BR = BROACH Multiple Warhead System (S/CH+AUP). P =
older 'heavy metal' penetrators. © Dai Williams 2002
source: Depleted Uranium weapons in 2001-2002: Occupational,
public and environmental health issues - Mystery Metal Nightmare
in Afghanistan? Collected studies and public domain sources
compiled by Dai Williams, first edition 31 January 2002
Extensive carpet bombing, grid bombing, and the frequent use of
missiles and depleted uranium bullets on buildings in densely
populated areas has occurred in Iraq, Yugoslavia, and
Afghanistan. The discovery that bomb craters in Yugoslavia in
1999 were radioactive, and that an unexploded missile in 1999
contained a depleted uranium warhead, implies that the total
amount of depleted uranium used since 1991 has been greatly
underestimated. Of even greater concern, is that 100 per cent of
the depleted uranium in bombs and missiles is aerosolized upon
impact and immediately released into the atmosphere. This amount
can be as much as 1.5 tons in the large bombs. In bullets and
cannon shells, the amount aerosolized is 40-70 per cent, leaving
pieces and unexploded shells in the environment, to provide new
sources of radioactive dust and contamination of the groundwater
from dissolved depleted uranium metal long after the battles are
over, as reported in a 2003 report by the UN Environmental
Program on Yugoslavia. Considering that the US has admitted
using 34 tons of depleted uranium from bullets and cannon shells
in Yugoslavia, and the fact that 35,000 NATO bombing missions
occurred there in 1999, potentially the amount of depleted
uranium contaminating Yugoslavia and transboundary drift into
surrounding countries is staggering.
Because of mysterious illnesses and post-war birth defects
reported among Gulf War veterans and civilians in southern Iraq,
and radiation related illnesses in UN Peacekeepers serving in
Yugoslavia, growing concerns about radiation effects and
environmental damage has stirred up international outrage about
the use of radioactive weapons by the US after 1991. At the 2003
meeting of parties to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty,
discussing the U.S. desire to maintain its nuclear weapons
stockpile, the Hiroshima Mayor Tadatoshi AKIBA stated,
"It is incumbent upon the rest of the world ... to stand up now
and tell all of our military leaders that we refuse to be
threatened or protected by nuclear weapons. We refuse to live in
a world of continually recycled fear and hatred".
ILLEGAL UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW
Four reasons why using depleted uranium weapons violates the UN
Convention on Human Rights:
LEGALITY TEST FOR WEAPONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW
TEMPORAL TEST – Weapons must not continue to act after the
battle is over.
ENVIRONMENTAL TEST – Weapons must not be unduly harmful to the
environment.
TERRITORIAL TEST – Weapons must not act off of the battlefield.
HUMANENESS TEST – Weapons must not kill or wound inhumanly.
International Human Rights and humanitarian lawyer, Karen
Parker, determined that depleted uranium weaponry fails the four
tests for legal weapons under international law, and that it is
also illegal under the definition of a ‘poison’ weapon. Through
Karen Parker’s continued efforts, a sub-commission of the UN
Human Rights Commission determined in 1996 that depleted uranium
is a weapon of mass destruction that should not be used:
RESOLUTION 1996/16 ON STOPPING THE USE OF DEPLETED URANIUM - DU
The military use of DU violates current international
humanitarian law, including the principle that there is no
unlimited right to choose the means and methods of warfare (Art.
22 Hague Convention VI (HCIV); Art. 35 of the Additional
Protocol to the Geneva (GP1); the ban on causing unnecessary
suffering and superfluous injury (Art. 23 §le HCIV; Art. 35 §2
GP1), indiscriminate warfare (Art. 51 §4c and 5b GP1) as well as
the use of poison or poisoned weapons.
The deployment and use of DU violate the principles of
international environmental and human rights protection. They
contradict the right to life established by the Resolution
1996/16 of the UN Subcommittee on Human Rights.
FOUR NUCLEAR WARS
"Military Men Are Just Dumb,
Stupid, Animals To Be Used
As Pawns In Foreign Policy"
— Henry Kissinger
Although restricted to battlefields in Iraq and Kuwait, the 1991
Gulf War was one of the most toxic and environmentally
devastating wars in world history. Oil well fires, the bombing
of oil tankers and oil wells which released millions of gallons
of oil into the Gulf of Arabia and desert, and the devastation
from tanks and heavy equipment destroyed the desert ecosystem.
The long term and far reaching effects, and dispersal of at
least 340 tons of depleted uranium weapons, had a global
environmental effect. Smoke from the oil fires was later found
in deposits in South America, the Himalayas and Hawaii. Large
annual dust storms originating in North Africa, the Middle East,
and Central Asia will quickly spread the radioactive
contamination around the world, and weathering of old depleted
uranium munitions on battlefields and other areas will provide
new sources of radioactive contamination in future years.
Downwind from the radioactive devastation in Iraq, Israel is
also suffering from large increases in breast cancer, leukemia
and childhood diabetes.
RADIATION RESPECTS NO BORDERS, NO SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS, AND NO
RELIGION
The expendability of the sanctity of life to achieve US
political ends was described by US soldiers on the ground, and
from the air, along the Highway of Death in Iraq in 1991:
"Iraqi soldiers [whether they] be young boys or old men. They
were a sad sight, with absolutely no fight left in them. Their
leaders had cut their Achilles’ tendons so they couldn’t run
away and then left them. What weapons they had were in bad
repair and little ammunition was on hand. They were hungry,
cold, and scared. The hate I had for any Iraqi dissipated. These
people had no business being on a battlefield."
(S Hersh, New Yorker , May 22, 2000)
American pilots bombing and strafing, with depleted uranium
weapons, helpless retreating Iraqi soldiers who had already
surrendered, exclaimed:
"We toasted him…. we hit the jackpot….a turkey shoot….shooting
fish in a barrel….basically just sitting ducks… There’s just
nothing like it. It’s the biggest Fourth of July show you’ve
ever seen, and to see those tanks just ‘boom’, and more stuff
just keeps spewing out of them… they just become white hot. It’s
wonderful."
(L A Times and Washington Post, both February 27, 1991)
Nearly 700,000 American Gulf War Veterans returned to the US
from a war that lasted just a few weeks. Today more than 240,000
of those soldiers are on permanent medical disability, and over
11,000 are dead. In a US Government study on post-Gulf War
babies born to 251 veterans, 67 per cent of the babies were
reported to have serious illnesses or serious birth defects.
They were born without eyes, ears, had missing organs, fused
fingers, thyroid or other malfunctions. Depleted uranium in the
semen of the soldiers internally contaminated their wives.
Severe birth defects have been reported in babies born to
contaminated civilians in Iraq, Yugoslavia, and Afghanistan and
the incidence and severity of defects is increasing over time.
Women in Yugoslavia, Afghanistan and Iraq are afraid now to have
babies, and when they do give birth, instead of asking if it is
a girl or a boy, they ask ‘is it normal?’.
KNOWN ILLNESSES INFLICTED BY INTERNALIZATION OF DEPLETED URANIUM
PARTICLES
Table 1: Compiled by Leuren Moret from Interviews with Gulf War
Vets and their families
GENERAL
abnormal births and birth defects
abnormal metabolism of semen: contains
amine & ammonium alkaline
acute autoimmune symptoms
(lung-, liver-, kidney failure)
acute myeloid leukemia
(deadly within days or weeks)
acute immune depression
acute respiratory failure
asthma
auto-immune deficiencies
Balkan-syndrome
blood in stools and urine
body function control loss
bone cancer
brain damage
brain tumors
burning semen
burning sensations
calcium loss in body
cardiovascular signs or symptoms
chemical sensitivities
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
chronic kidney and liver disorders
chronic myeloid leukemia
chronic respiratory infections
colon cancer
confusion
diarrhea
digestive problems
dizziness
Epstein Barr Syndrome
fluid buildup
fibromyalgia
gastrointestinal signs/symptoms
general fatigue
genetic alterations
glandular carcinoma
Gulf war-syndrome
headaches (severe)
heart attack/disease
high blood pressure
high frequency of micturition
Hodgkin lymphoma
immune system deficiency
infections
insomnia
involuntary movements
joint/muscle/leg pain
kidney failure/damage
leukemia
liver carcinoma
loss of feeling in fingers
Lou Gehrigs Disease -ALS
low blood oxygen saturation
( low HbO2)
low lung volume
lung damage
lung cancer
lymph cancer
lymphoma
melanoma
memory loss
metallic taste
Microplasma fermentans/
incognitis infections
mood swings – violence
homicide/suicide
multiple cancers
multiple myeloma
myeloma
muscle pain
nerve damage
neuro-muscular degenerative
disease
non-Hodgkin lymphoma
other malignancies
pancreas carcinoma
Parkinsons disease
petit & grand mal fits
rashes
reactive airway disease
reduced IQ
respiratory ailments
shortness of breath
sinus diseases
skin cancer
skin damage: sweat glands
with trapped du-particles
skin infections
skin spotting
smell, loss of
sleep disturbances
stiffening of fingers
teeth crumbling
thyroid cancer
thyroid disease
unable to walk
unusual fevers/night sweats
unusual hair loss
vision problems
weight loss
CHILDREN
alimentary disorders
asthma
bladder & sphincter paralysis
blindness
complete range of known and
unknown Congenital Defects
deafness
dyspraxia
headache
kidney disease
leukemia
lymphoma
malformations of legs, arms,
toes & fingers
respiratory disorders
stillbirth
neural tube defects
FEMALE
abdominal pain
breast cancer
breast cancer at very young
age (20)
cervix cancer
endometriosis
headaches
incontinence
joint pain
lung cancer at age 20 and
non-smoker
menstrual problems
miscarriages
nausea
ovarian cancer
paralysis of digestive system
thyroid problems
uterine cancer
MALE
(acute) headache
acute myeloid leukemia
arthritis
avoiding people
breathing problems
(stridor)
chemical sensitivity
chronic myeloid leukemia
endometriosis in partners
gastrointestinal disorder
hip and leg pain
joint pain
lung cancer at young age
lymphoma
skin cancer
skin eruptions
stomach pain
suicide
testicular cancer
unable to walk
VISIE: http://www.xs4all.nl/~stgvisie/VISIE/du-diagnosis.html
DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM website:
http://www.ushostnet.com/gulfwar/articles.htm 04/1504
Soldiers who served in Bradley fighting vehicles, where it was
common to sit on ammunition boxes where depleted uranium
ammunition was stored, are now reporting that many have rectal
cancer.
For the first time, medical doctors in Yugoslavia and Iraq have
reported multiple in situ unrelated cancers developing in
patients, and even in families who are living in highly
contaminated areas. Even stranger, they report that cancer was
unknown in previous generations. Very rare and unusual cancers
and birth defects have also been reported to be increasing above
normal levels prior to 1991, not only in war torn countries, but
in neighbouring countries from transboundary contamination.
Dr. Keith Baverstock, a senior radiation advisor who was on the
staff of the World Health Organization, co-authored a
reportin November 2001, warning that the long-term health
effects of depleted uranium would endanger Iraq’s civilian
population, and that the dry climate would increase exposure
from the tiny particles blowing around and be inhaled for years
to come. The WHO refused to give him permission to publish the
study, bowing to pressure from the IAEA. Dr. Baverstock released
the damning report to the mediain February 2004. Pekka Haavisto,
Chairman of the UN Environment Program’s Post-Conflict
Assessment Unit in Geneva, shares Baverstock’s anxiety about
depleted uranium but UNEP experts have not been allowed into
Iraq to assess the pollution.
"DEPLETED URANIUM SCARE" - Claimed by President George W. Bush
on the official White House website:
"During the Gulf War, coalition forces used armor-piercing
ammunition made from depleted uranium, which is ideal for the
purpose because of its great density. In recent years, the Iraqi
regime has made substantial efforts to promote the false claim
that the depleted uranium rounds fired by coalition forces have
caused cancers and birth defects in Iraq. Iraq has distributed
horrifying pictures of children with birth defects and linked
them to depleted uranium. The campaign has two major propaganda
assets:"
"Uranium is a name that has frightening associations in the mind
of the average person, which makes the lie relatively easy to
sell; and Iraq could take advantage of an established
international network of antinuclear activists who had already
launched their own campaign against depleted uranium."
"But scientists working for the World Health Organization, the
UN Environmental Programme, and the European Union could find no
health effects linked to exposure to depleted uranium."
The US war in Afghanistan made it clear that this was not a war
IN the third world, but a war AGAINST the third world. In
Afghanistan where 800 to 1000 tons of depleted uranium was
estimated to have been used in 2001, even uneducated Afghanis
understand the impact these weapons have had on their children
and on future generations:
"After the Americans destroyed our village and killed many of
us, we also lost our houses and have nothing to eat. However, we
would have endured these miseries and even accepted them, if the
Americans had not sentenced us all to death. When I saw my
deformed grandson, I realized that my hopes of the future have
vanished for good, different from the hopelessness of the
Russian barbarism, even though at that time I lost my older son
Shafiqullah. This time, however, I know we are part of the
invisible genocide brought on us by America, a silent death from
which I know we will not escape." (Jooma Khan of Laghman
province, March 2003)
In 1990, the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA)
wrote a report warning about the potential health and
environmental catastrophe from the use of depleted uranium
weapons. The health effects had been known for a long time. The
report sent to the UK government warned "in their estimation, if
50 tonnes of residual DU dust remained ‘in the region’ there
could be half a million extra cancers by the end of the century
[2000]." Estimates of depleted uranium weapons used in 1991, now
range from the Pentagon’s admitted 325 tons, to other scientific
bodies who put the figure as high as 900 tons. That would make
the number of estimated cancers as high as 9,000,000, depending
on the amount used in the 1991 Gulf War. In the 2003 Gulf War,
estimates of 2200 tons have been given — causing about
22,000,000 new cancer cases. Altogether the total number of
cancer patients estimated using the UKAEA data would be
25,250,000. In July of 1998, the CIA estimated the population of
Iraq to be approximately 24,683,313.
Ironically, the UN Resolution 661 calling for sanctions against
Iraq, was signed on Hiroshima Day, August 6, 1990.
THE PARALLELS
War can really cause no economic boom, at least not directly,
since an increase in wealth never does result from destruction
of goods. – Ludwig von Mises
The parallels between Iraq, Yugoslavia and Afghanistan are
startlingly similar. The weapons used, the unfair treaties
offered by the US, and the bombing and destruction of the
environment and entire infrastructure. In every city of Iraq and
Yugoslavia, the television and radio stations were bombed.
Educational centres were targeted, and stores where educational
materials were sold were destroyed on nearly the same day. Under
UN sanctions, Iraq was not even allowed pencils for
schoolchildren. Cultural antiquities and historical treasures
were targeted and destroyed in all three countries, a kind of
cultural and historical cleansing, a collective national psychic
trauma.
The permanent radioactive contamination and environmental
devastation of all three countries is unprecedented, resulting
in huge increases in cancer and birth defects following the
attacks. These will increase over time from unknown effects due
to chronic exposure, increasing internal levels of radiation
from depleted uranium dust, and permanent genetic effects passed
on to future generations. Clearly, this has been a genocidal
plan from the start.
Fig. 3: Map of regions within a 1000 mile radius of Baghdad and
Afghanistan which have been contaminated with depleted uranium
since 1991. Depleted uranium dust will be repeatedly recycled
throughout this dry region, and also carried around the world.
More than ten times the amount of radiation, released during
atmospheric testing, has been released from depleted uranium
weaponry since 1991. In 2002 the US government admitted that
every person living in the US between 1957 and 1963 was
internally contaminated with radiation. Note that the
contaminated region corresponds with the "South" region on the
Eurasian chessboard in Fig. 1.
What has happened to Human Rights, to the Rights of the Child,
to civil society, and to common humanity?
It is up to the citizens of the world to stop the depleted
uranium wars, and future nuclear wars, causing irreversible
devastation. There are just a few generations left before the
collapse of our environment, and then it will be too late. We
can be no healthier than the health of the environment — we
breathe the same air, drink the same water, eat food from the
same soil.
"Our collective gene pool of life, evolving for hundreds of
millions of years has been seriously damaged in less than the
past fifty. The time remaining to reverse this culture of
‘lemming death’ is on the wane. In the future, what will you
tell our grandchildren about what you did in the prime of your
life to turn around this death process?" (Rosalie Bertell, 1982)
THE DEEPER PURPOSE: G*O*D* [Gold, Oil, and Drugs]
"We must become the owners, or at any rate the controllers at
the source, of at least a proportion of the oil which we
require." (British Royal Commission, agreeing with Winston
Churchill's policy towards Iraq 1913).
"It is clear our nation is reliant upon big foreign oil. More
and more of our imports come from overseas."
(US President George W. Bush, Beaverton, Oregon, Sep. 25, 2000).
"If they turn on the radars we're going to blow up their goddamn
SAMs (surface-to-air missiles). They know we own their country.
We own their airspace... We dictate the way they live and talk.
And that's what's great about America right now. It's a good
thing, especially when there's a lot of oil out there we need."
(US Brig. General William Looney in 1999, referring to Iraq).
Millions of years ago, before India crashed into the Eurasian
continent and uplifted the Himalayas, the ancient shallow Tethys
sea stretched from the Atlantic across what is now the
Mediterranean, Black, Caspian and Aral seas. Rich oil deposits
are now located where ancient life accumulated and ‘cooked’
under just the right conditions to form large oil deposits in
the ancient sediments. Long before 1991, Unocal in Afghanistan,
Amoco in Yugoslavia, and various oil companies interested in
Iraq oil deposits, had conducted extensive exploration and
characterisation of oil deposits in the Middle East and Central
Asian regions, including the northern half of India.
Britain has maintained an interest in Middle Eastern oil
deposits for a century, and has been the staunchest military
partner of the US since the first depleted uranium war in 1991
in Iraq. Germany, another military partner in Yugoslavia with
forces now in Afghanistan, was one of the major economic
beneficiaries of the breakup of Yugoslavia and the colonisation
of the Balkans. US interest in Yugoslavia had much to do with
building pipelines from Central Asia to the Mediterranean warm
water ports in Yugoslavia. A silent and hidden partnership
between the US and Japan provided large amounts of cash from
Japan to finance the 1991 Iraq and 1995/1999 Yugoslavian wars,
with additional help in Afghanistan by providing not only cash,
but fuel for the war, from Aegis warships of the Japanese Self
Defense Forces in the Indian Ocean. Nippon Steel, Mitsubishi,
and Halliburton are now partners in a Central Asian oil pipeline
project. In 2004, despite much citizen opposition in Japan, the
Japanese government has sent Self Defense Forces to Iraq for
‘reconstruction’. This action taken by the Japanese government,
of placing troops on the ground in a war zone, will lead to
rescinding Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution, which forever
prohibits military aggression by Japan.
THE IRON TRIANGLE (all under one roof): MILITARY, BIG BUSINESS,
POLITICS
The liberty of a democracy is not safe if the people tolerate
the growth of private power to a point where it becomes stronger
than their democratic State itself. That, in its essence, is
Fascism -- ownership of government by an individual, by a group,
or any controlling private power.
- Franklin Delano Roosevelt
But what do oil, military partners, depleted uranium wars, and
US foreign policy have to do with nuclear weapons? The answer
came to me in 1991 when I became a whistleblower at the
Livermore Nuclear Weapons Laboratory near San Francisco,
California. Richard Berta, the Western Regional Inspector for
the Department of Energy, told me "The Pentagon exists for the
oil companies… and the nuclear weapons labs exist for the
Pentagon."
Depleted uranium was used beginning in 1991 for three reasons:
+ To test the radiobiological effects of 4th generation
nuclear weapons, which are still under development
+ To blur and break down the distinction between conventional
and nuclear weapons
+ To make it easier to reintroduce nuclear weapons into the US
military arsenal
Today, the US is number one in 4th generation nuclear weapons
research and development, followed by Japan and Germany tied for
number two, and Russia and other countries follow.
Figure 4: Depleted uranium and 4th generation nuclear weapons
Map by Mika TSUTSUMI 12/12/03
The Carlyle Group, a private massive equity firm, the 12th
largest defense business with an obscenely high profit margin,
is a business "arrangement" between the Bush and Bin Laden
families, wealthy Saudis, former British Prime Minister John
Major, James Baker III, Afsaneh Masheyekhi, Frank Carlucci,
Colin Powell, other former US Government administrators, and
Madeleine Albright’s daughter. The Carlyle Group is the
‘gatekeeper’ to the Saudi investment community. It owns 70
percent of Lockheed Martin Marietta, the largest military
contractor in the US, and because Carlyle is privately owned,
has no scrutiny or accountability whatsoever. A journalist who
calls himself ‘a skunk at the garden party’ described
investigating the Carlyle Group, he said ‘it’s like shadow
boxing with a ghost’. The Group hires as lobbyists the best
known politicians from around the world, in order to influence
the politics of war, and privately profit from their previous
public policies. The conflict of interest is obvious: President
George W. Bush is creating wars as his father, former President
George Bush, is globally peddling weapons and "protection".
Lockheed Martin Marietta now owns Sandia Laboratories, a private
contractor that makes the trigger for nuclear weapons, with a
Sandia laboratory facility across the street from Los Alamos and
Livermore National Laboratories, where the nuclear bombs are
made.
At the May 2003 University of California Regents meeting which I
attended, Admiral Linton Brooks was present and newly in charge
of the nuclear weapons programme under the Department of Energy.
Admiral Brooks informed California Lt. Governor Cruz Bustamante
and the UC Regents that the management contract for the nuclear
weapons laboratories, held unchallenged by the University of
California for over 60 years, will be put up for competitive bid
in 2005. The favoured institution, with a faculty member on the
‘blue ribbon committee’ making the contract award, is the
University of Texas. This privatisation and management contract
transfer of the US nuclear weapons programme will put control of
the US nuclear weapons programme close to the Carlyle Group. The
incestuous relationship between the US government, private
companies, and the Bush and Bin Laden families in a way answers
many of the lingering questions in everyone’s minds about many
of the ill fated decisions and policies that have been
implemented.
Leuren Moret has worked at two US nuclear weapons laboratories
as a geoscientist. In 1991 she became a whistleblower at the
Livermore nuclear weapons lab, and since then has worked as an
independent citizen scientist and radiation specialist in
communities around the world, and contributed to the UN
subcommission investigating depleted uranium. Her research on
the environmental and public health effects of low level
radiation from atmospheric testing fallout, nuclear power
plants, and depleted uranium weaponry, is available on the
internet and at http://www.mindfully.org. In 2003, she testified
at the International Criminal Tribunal for Afghanistan held in
Japan, and presented at the World Depleted Uranium Weapons
Conference in Hamburg, Germany, and at the World Court of Women
at the World Social Forum in Bombay, India in January 2004. She
is a Global Research Contributing Editor, a City of Berkeley
Environmental Commissioner, and the Past President of the
Association for Women Geoscientists.
More on Mindfully.org by Leuren
Moret
Websites:
+
International Criminal Tribunal for Afghanistan written opinion
of Judge N. Bhagwat: also at
http://www.traprockpeace.org/tokyo_trial_13march04.doc
+
Question 11: What does the US Government know about depleted
uranium: http://traprockpeace.org/moret_25nov03.pdf
+
World Depleted Uranium Weapons Conference:
http://www.uraniumweaponsconference.de
+
Radiation and Public Health Project: http://www.radiation.org
+
"A comparison of delayed radiobiological effects of
depleted-uranium munitions versus fourth-generation nuclear
weapons" by A. Gsponer, J.-P. Hurni, and B. Vitale, 4th
International Conference of the Yugoslav Nuclear Society,
Belgrade, September 30-October 4, 2002.
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0210071
+
"Fourth Generation Nuclear Weapons: The Physical Principles Of
Thermonuclear Explosives, Inertial Confinement Fusion, And The
Quest For Fourth Generation Nuclear Weapons" by Andre Gsponer
and Jean-Pierre Hurni http://www.inesap.org/publ_tech01.htm
+
54 minute VPRO Dutch TV "Carlyle Group" documentary on internet:
http://www.vpro.nl/info/tegenlicht/index.shtml?7738514+7738518+77
38520+11838857
+
Real Player
Video Documentary on the
Carlyle Group, by VPRO Dutch television[500 kbps real
video]
+
Real Player Video
Documentary on the Carlyle Group, by VPRO
Dutch television[100 kbps real video]
+
Overview of documentary - Interactive Flash Animation- with
links to biographies and articles (Dutch) and specific sections
of video.
+
English translation of Dutch introduction Translation of the
first one minute forty seven seconds of this program.
The war in Iraq is over.
The rubble is still smoking While the first dozers are already
entering the country.
After the coalition forces destroyed Baghdad it is now primarily
American companies who are to rebuild Iraq.
An interesting point is that these companies usually have people
on the payroll who have been politicians. Is this a conflict of
interests or a new (global) way of doing business?
One of the corporations that work this way is the Carlyle Group.
On their payroll are people like : George Bush (Sr.), James
Baker III and old premier John Major.
The Carlyle Group is a private investment bank which doesn't
come to the publics attention very often but it is one of the
biggest American (ed: USA) investors of the defense industry,
telecom, property and financial services.
What is the Carlyle Group? Who are the people behind the name?
And how much power does Carlyle have?
+
Global Outlook: http://www.globalresearch.de
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*****************************************************************
36 KUED: Shadow of Nuclear Fallout
By Mary Dickson
This article from the April, 2003 Catalyst Magazine, is reprinted
with the author's permission.
Click here to see Richard Miller's Map
Other people keep pictures of their children in their wallets. I
keep a small map I've had laminated to protect it from wear. I
pull that map out during many conversations to show how far and
wide fallout from nuclear testing was scattered. People are
always shocked when they see it. Utah and Nevada are almost
completely blacked out, and the black ink spreads as far north as
Canada and as far east as New York, with heavy patches scattered
throughout the country. Most Americans, even most Utahns,
mistakenly think radioactive fallout affected only Southern Utah.
Radiation isn't a respecter of arbitrary lines on a map. There is
no magic shield that stopped it mid-point in Utah. The wind
carried it across the country. That's how it got to Nebraska,
Missouri , Iowa and other states where it put millions of
Americans at risk of cancer and other fallout-related illnesses.
The map in my wallet speaks volumes.
The map, from Richard Miller's book, Under the Cloud: The Decades
of Nuclear Testing, shows where fallout went during the 12 years
of above ground nuclear weapons testing from 1951 to 1962. Miller
calls his map a "connect the dots" of all points in the United
States that were crossed by three or more trajectories of
fallout. The map doesn't include the fallout from the three
decades of underground testing that ended only in 1993. According
to Miller, "there is no such thing as a test that is totally
underground" since so many of those tests leaked. Baneberry, an
infamous 1970 test, for instance, ejected fallout 8,000 feet into
the air and went on for hours. Radioactive debris from another
underground test showed up in southeastern Georgia.
Miller, who has recently published a five-volume compendium of
fallout data, The U.S. Atlas of Nuclear Fallout, has compiled and
analyzed more data on the radioactive fallout that blanketed
America than any other researcher. He and other internationally
renowned experts, including Helen Caldicott, was in Salt Lake
City for "The Nuclear West: Legacy and Future," the eighth annual
Stegner Center Symposium at the University of Utah College of
Law.
The implications of his work are enormous. In his fallout atlas,
he correlates fallout levels with cancer levels, county-by-county
across the United States. "If someone lives in Peoria or in
Washington state, I want them to know the history of their county
in terms of fallout," he says. "It's part of their history."
Norman Solomon, co-author of Killing our Own: The Disaster of
America's Experience with Atomic Radiation, writes that the
nationwide statistics in Miller's atlas "make us think exactly
where we or our loved ones were at the time each diffuse
radioactive cloud scattered its hazardous debris."
Miller first became interested in fallout in the 1970s while
working with OSHA. In 1974, he found pockets of cancer in Valley,
Nebraska and a string of cancers in northern Missouri, a place
that was notorious for high cancer rates. "I talked OSHA into
getting outside the box and looking at these things because I
wondered if there could be an occupational component, but I never
did find anything work-related."
When the National Cancer Institute came out with its model of
fallout in October of 1997, Miller discovered that there were hot
spots all across America, including an amazing hot spot in
southern Iowa and northern Missouri, where he had, years before,
found the high incidence of cancers.
In the late 1970s, he and others in the OSHA office where he
worked began finding high incidences of brain cancer at a site in
Texas near chemical plants. As they were looking for causes, one
team member, a physician with the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health, jokingly suggested it could be
fallout from nuclear tests. "I got to thinking about it and said
that no one knows where those fallout tracks went," he says.
Using data collected by the old Atomic Energy Commission, the
Defense Nuclear Agency and the U.S. Weather Service, Miller began
doing the research. In 1986, Macmillan published his book, Under
the Cloud, charting all the fallout tracks.
When the 1997 NCI study came out showing the trajectory of
fall-out at 103 points across the Unvited States, Miller was sure
it would create a major uproar, but surprisingly, not much came
of the report. Nor did people pay attention when the NCI Journal
soon after published an article showing a statistically
significant link between thyroid cancer and fallout.
"The NCI study was a little complicated," he says, noting that it
was so extensive that it had to be published on the Internet
instead of by conventional means. "Not many people downloaded
it," he says. " I was one of those people bone-headed enough to
take the NCI data and do the calculations."
Miller crunched the data over a period of several years and
published his findings in 2000 as The U.S. Atlas of Nuclear
Fallout. "There were hot spots all across the country, not only
for Iodine-131 which is linked to thyroid cancer, but for a
variety of other radionuclides and radioisotopes associated with
fallout."
As part of his analysis, Miller compared the data against the
Center for Disease Control "Wonder Database," which assigns a
disease an International Disease Classification code and shows
what the rates of that disease are for every county in the U.S.
from 1979 on.
Miller took about 25 different types of radiation-induced cancers
and correlated them with fallout levels for the entire United
States. His findings show an association between fallout levels
and cancer rates, but he is careful to note, this does not prove
causation. "However," he says, "the statistics suggest that the
chance that these are random associations is very, very small -
far less than one in a hundred. Given the numbers, it's clear
that further research is necessary."
Unfortunately, in February, the National Academies of Science
called for an end to any more study of cancer risk associated
with fallout, claiming that further research wasn't needed and
saying that "neither data nor consequences justify a more
detailed study." Says Miller, "They've said it's not worth the
time. Of course, I don't agree with that assessment."
Further studies could get far more specific than the 1997 NCI
study. "The NCI study could be evaluated using tools and
techniques that have been around for 20 years or more," he says.
"Since fallout likely ended up in ponds and low areas, you could
go to where we know fallout came down, sink a core into a pond,
bring up the material and analyze it for radioisotopes."
Now, here's where it gets interesting. Miller says, that in
theory, you can actually pinpoint which nuclear test was
responsible for fallout in a specific area by looking at the
ratios between the radioactive isotopes found there. These ratios
have been published and available since the early 1980s, courtesy
of University of California researcher Harry G. Hicks. In fact,
Miller used Hick's research data - known in the health physics
community as the Hicks Table - to estimate total fallout as well
as 66 individual fallout isotopes from the NCI's radio-iodine
data. These values form the core of the U.S. Fallout Atlas
series.
"The point I'm making is that, while the analyses procedures are
slow and cumbersome, the derived information is not particularly
complex, and the means to evaluate the NCI study is almost
low-tech," he says. "From every perspective, it's a feasible
study. If the government decides not to follow this up, it would
be a huge waste of he NCI's work. While I somewhat enjoy having
the only book series with this kind of detail, I think that
science and the public would be better served with a formal
government evaluation of nuclear fallout."
The implications of Miller's work, contained in his five volume
atlas, are huge. If a link exists between some of the
radionuclides and certain types of cancers, physicians across the
country could use that information as an important diagnostic
tool. They could ask patients where they grew up and where
they've lived. If a patient lived in an area that got hit with
high levels of Cobalt 60, for instance, a physician might want to
consider looking at female colon cancer, which seems to be highly
correlated with Cobalt 60 deposits.
So far, he's had no luck convincing Congress to continue such
studies. "I would think that some senators and representatives
would look at their own families and the people they know and
love who have cancer and want to study this more, " says Miller.
"I would think they owe it to their constituency."
Atomic weapons testing was a very unique period of history, and
everyone's backyard was a part of that history. "It's a
technohistory that we've ignored," he says.
Not only have we ignored that chapter of our past, but we don't
seem to have learned anything from the human toll of nuclear
weapons testing. In fact, the Bush administration is making noise
about starting up nuclear testing again. "That's probably going
to happen," says Miller. "At some point - perhaps during the
so-called bunker-buster tests - I would not be surprised to see
what in effect will be above ground nuclear testing. Some of
these things are supposed to have 300-kiloton warheads. There is
no way a device like that can be field tested without producing a
huge debris cloud."
Given what he knows, isn't Miller tempted to become an activist?
"You know," he says, "I followed my first book on nuclear testing
with a novel, The Atomic Express. In it I included everything I
knew about the military, about nuclear weapons, the 1950s, and
everything else. In that book I projected what some might suggest
is a negative view of the Atomic Energy Commission. If someone
wants my personal opinion about the bomb, they can read that. But
research for the Fallout Atlas was different. For that research I
was just trying to learn something new. That was my only stake in
the data. I always got a kick out of seeing those statistical
results for the first time. There for a while, it was at least
one surprise a day. Just being able to parse the data was enough
for me. I always say the data should speak for itself. Look at
the data."
Miller's data, indeed, makes a powerful case. Just look at the
map. It speaks volumes.
Fallout Patterns Map by Miller - KUED 7 - Avoiding Armageddon -
Utah's Legacy
[http://www.kued.org/] [PBS Home]
Fallout Patterns Map by Miller
From: Under The Cloud: The Decades of Nuclear Testing. (c)1991
Richard L. Miller. Used by permission.
Miller compiled this map showing where fallout went during the
years of above ground nuclear testing from 1951-1962. He calls
the map a "connect the dots" of all points in the United States
that were crossed by three or more trajectories. For more, read
"Charting the Far-Reaching Shadow of Nuclear Testing."
*****************************************************************
37 BBC: Ill Gulf veterans 'feel like foe'
Last Updated: Monday, 12 July, 2004
[A unidentified soldier is injected during the first Gulf War]
A soldier receives an injection in the run-up to the 1991 Gulf
War
Veterans of the 1991 Gulf War have been made to feel like "the
enemy" when complaining of suffering post-conflict illnesses, a
London inquiry has heard.
John Nichol, president of the Royal British Legion's Gulf
veterans' branch, said troops had been given a cocktail of
anti-anthrax and plague vaccines.
They were also possibly exposed to nerve agents when Iraqi
weapons storage sites were destroyed, he said.
A woman blamed the death of her baby on drugs given to her
husband in Iraq.
Vichy Warriner, 36, from Peterborough, told the inquiry her late
baby girl was born with deformities which she thinks were caused
by injections and tablets given to her former husband why he was
deployed in the Gulf.
In 1999, the couple learned from a scan at 35 weeks that their
baby was hydrocephalus, having a disproportionately big head.
When baby Catherine was born she had several deformities,
including no ears, widely spaced eyes, a club foot and a set of
ribs missing.
She died after seven and a half hours.
Tragically,
for many of comrades in arms, the end of that six-week war marked
the beginning of their suffering. John Nichol, 1991 Gulf War
veteran
Addenbrookes Hospital said mutagenic effects
were "unlikely", but added they would not completely rule out a
possible link between the deformities and medical treatment
servicemen underwent during the Gulf War - given the limited
knowledge of what went on during that conflict.
Support groups claim about 6,000 veterans have suffered
unexplained ill health.
Hundreds of veterans have tried to claim compensation, but
solicitors advised earlier this year that there was insufficient
evidence to prove their cases in court.
The Ministry of Defence (MoD) maintains the illnesses are so
varied there can be no distinct syndrome or a specific cause.
Flight Lieutenant Nichol told the inquiry opening on Monday that
symptoms complained of included chronic fatigue, memory loss,
depression, mood swings, aching joints, sensitivity to chemicals
and cancerous tumours.
The former RAF Tornado navigator, who was held as a prisoner of
war for 49 days after his plane was shot down on the first day of
the conflict, said: "The members of our armed forces were ready
and willing to give everything, including their lives.
"And now, in their hour of need, they expect - they deserve -
their country to help them."
[Kuwaiti oil field burning in 1991 Gulf War]
An oil field burns in Kuwait during the 1991 Gulf War
He added: "The men and the women you will hear from over the
coming days are not the enemy, but many times over the past few
years that is exactly how they've been made to feel - they
deserve better."
He said 1991 Gulf War troops had been given up to 14 inoculations
and experienced the first mass use of nerve agent pre-treatment
NAPS, as well as being exposed to the use of pesticides, depleted
uranium dust and atmospheric pollution from burning oil wells.
One of the first witnesses, Larry Cammock, chairman of the Gulf
Veterans Association, said the inoculation programme had been
"chaotic".
He said he awoke one night to find somebody putting a needle into
him.
"When I asked what it was, he said 'you don't want to know, don't
worry about it'."
Mr Cammock said he now suffered from immune deficiency problems,
diabetes, post-traumatic stress disorder and arthritis.
The inquiry, which is being funded by an anonymous donor, aims to
take evidence from 30 ex-servicemen, medical experts and
government representatives.
*****************************************************************
38 Xinhuanet: UK starts independent probe into Gulf War syndrome
www.xinhuanet.com
www.chinaview.cn 2004-07-12 19:03:31
LONDON, July 12 (Xinhuanet) -- An independent inquiry started
in Britain Monday into the causes of a range of debilitating
illnesses suffered by thousands of veterans during the 1991 Gulf
War, the BBC reported.
Lord Lloyd of Berwick, a former Lord Justice of Appeal, is
heading the inquiry into the so-called "Gulf War Syndrome." The
three-week hearing aims to take evidence from 30 ex-servicemen,
medical experts and government representatives.
It has been expected that it would be able to establish the
facts about the Gulf War illnesses and resolve the long-standing
dispute over their causes.
Thousands of British veterans say they have suffered from
unexplained ailments including kidney pains, memory loss, chronic
fatigue and mood swings. They blame the cocktail of tablets and
vaccinations they were given to protect them against nerve
agents,anthrax and botulism.
Exposure to depleted uranium munitions has also been
identifiedas a possible cause of the illnesses.
However, it has never been accepted that the illnesses have a
common cause resulting form the Gulf War, meaning that hundreds
ofveterans may be unable to claim compensation.
The British government has never acknowledged the existence
of the Gulf War syndrome. The Ministry of Defense maintains that
the illnesses are so varied that there can be no distinct
syndrome or a specific cause.
Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved.
*****************************************************************
39 Scotsman.com: Sub 'No Threat to Spain' - Straw
Mon 12 Jul 2004
"PA"
Foreign Secretary Jack Straw reassured Spain today that a British
nuclear-powered submarine docked in Gibraltar posed no threat
after Spain protested the submarine’s visit to the contested
British colony.
Straw said he told his Spanish counterpart Miguel Angel Moratinos
that Britain “understood the sensitivity†of the
submarine’s visit, which coincided with celebrations marking
the 300th anniversary of the outpost’s capture from Spain.
Both discussed the issue on the sidelines of a European Union
foreign ministers meeting in Brussels.
The visit of HMS Tireless, a 20-year-old submarine, to Gibraltar
caused a diplomatic row, with Spain’s government and
environmentalists protesting the vessel’s docking near the
Spanish coast last week.
“It was literally coincidence that you had this visit (of the
submarine) alongside the visit of her Royal Highness Princess
Anne in respect to the tercentenary of Gibraltar,†Straw said.
“But I also underline the fact we want to achieve closest
possible relations with the ... (Spanish) government.â€
Straw said the Tireless would be leaving Gibraltar “in a couple
of daysâ€.
A previous visit by the submarine caused another row between
London and Madrid in 2000 when it broke down and was towed to
Gibraltar for repairs to cracks in its reactor cooling system.
Those repairs took a year to complete, triggering protests and
concerns over the possible environmental threat the submarine
posed.
*****************************************************************
40 Scotsman.com: 'Gulf War Syndrome' Inquiry Getting under Way
Mon 12 Jul 2004
By Neville Dean, PA News
An independent inquiry starts today into the causes of the range
of debilitating illnesses suffered by thousands of veterans of
the first Gulf War.
Lord Lloyd of Berwick. a former Lord Justice of Appeal, is
heading the inquiry into so-called “Gulf War Syndromeâ€, which
is funded by an anonymous donor.
The three-week probe aims to take evidence from 30 ex-servicemen,
medical experts and Government representatives in a bid to
establish the facts about Gulf War illnesses and resolve the
long-standing dispute over their causes.
Support groups claim about 6,000 Gulf War veterans have suffered
unexplained ill health since the 1991 conflict, including kidney
pains, memory loss, chronic fatigue and mood swings. More than
600 are said to have died.
The veterans have blamed an “experimental†cocktail of
tablets and vaccinations they received to protect them against
nerve agents, anthrax and botulism.
Exposure to Depleted Uranium (DU) munitions has also been
identified as a possible cause of the illnesses.
Hundreds of veterans have tried to claim compensation but they
were dealt a blow earlier this year when solicitors advised that
there was insufficient evidence to prove their cases in court.
Lord Lloyd was asked to head the independent inquiry by Lord
Morris of Manchester, honorary parliamentary adviser to the Royal
British Legion, which first called for a public inquiry into Gulf
War illnesses in 1997.
The 75-year-old peer will sit alongside Dr Norman Jones,
treasurer of the Royal College of Physicians, and Sir Michael
Davies, formerly Clerk of the Parliaments.
He has already said the inquiry, in central London, will not be
using the term “Gulf War Syndrome†as there did not appear to
be a single underlying cause for all of the symptoms.
Lord Lloyd has written to both the Ministry of Defence and
Department of Health asking them to give evidence to the inquiry,
but has only received an acknowledgement so far.
One of first sufferers to give evidence will be Shaun Rusling,
vice chairman of the National Gulf Veterans and Families
Association (NGVFA).
He said he hoped the inquiry’s findings would ensure sufferers
were provided with appropriate healthcare and granted their war
pensions.
“This inquiry is fundamentally important to the veterans,†Mr
Rusling said. “Our hope is that it will bring into the public
domain the cause of our ill health which was the vaccinations and
medication we were given.
“The MoD want to hide the facts and change history. They cannot
do that. Servicemen the length and breath of the country have
been diagnosed with Gulf War syndrome, but the MoD does not
accept it.
“I believe the evidence presented by the veterans and the
medical experts will prove the case for the veterans.
“It will then be up to the MoD to do its duty by the servicemen
and women and give them the proper medical care and pension
entitlement.â€
Both the MoD and the Department of Health yesterday said they
were still considering whether to give evidence to the inquiry.
It has been backed by the Liberal Democrat leader Charles
Kennedy, who described it as “long overdueâ€.
*****************************************************************
41 Scotsman.com: The Festering Sore of 'Gulf War Syndrome'
Mon 12 Jul 2004
By Neville Dean, PA News
The row over whether several thousand veterans of the first Gulf
War became ill as a result of their service has been rumbling on
unresolved for more than a decade.
About 53,000 British soldiers took part in the Desert Storm
campaign, the international effort to liberate Kuwait in 1991
following the invasion by Saddam Hussein’s Iraq.
Support groups say that since then, more than 500 former British
soldiers have died of so-called Gulf War Syndrome and a further
6,000 are suffering its effects.
The National Gulf Veterans and Families Association believes many
of those who have died have committed suicide as a result of the
stress of their illness and the toll it has taken on their jobs
and personal relationships.
The illnesses have been attributed to the “cocktail†of
inoculations given to the Gulf War soldiers to protect them
against chemical attack. Exposure to Depleted Uranium (DU)
munitions has also been cited as a possible cause.
The symptoms are said to be similar to those for chronic fatigue,
including headaches, memory loss, muscle pain, nausea,
gastrointestinal problems, loss of concentration, vision and
balance problems.
Sufferers have also complained of post-traumatic stress, stomach
cramps, vomiting, kidney disorders, depression, dizziness and
severe weight loss.
Others have developed more serious conditions including asthma,
arthritis, osteoporosis and dermatitis.
The Ministry of Defence has always maintained that the illnesses
are so varied there can be no distinct syndrome or a specific
cause.
Two years ago, the Gulf War veteran Shaun Rusling won a landmark
ruling when a War Pensions Agency tribunal officially recognised
Gulf War Syndrome as a disease.
However, the veterans’ battle for recognition was dealt a
severe blow earlier this year when they were advised there was
insufficient evidence to pursue their claims for compensation.
The legal team, which had been investigating the strength of the
case for six years, said there was not enough scientific evidence
to prove exactly what had caused their illnesses.
That left the sufferers facing the prospect of having to fund
their own hugely expensive compensation claims, without the
millions of pounds worth of legal aid they had hoped for. [
*****************************************************************
42 Scotsman.com: Sick Gulf Veterans 'Made to Feel Like the Enemy'
Mon 12 Jul 2004
By Jennifer Sym, PA News
Troops in the first Gulf War were inoculated with a cocktail of
drugs which they believe left them with debilitating illnesses
and may have contributed to fatal birth defects, an inquiry heard
today.
Veterans were even made to feel “like the enemy†when they
complained of a range of conditions following the 1991 conflict,
including chronic fatigue, memory loss, depression, mood swings,
aching joints, sensitivity to chemicals and cancerous tumours,
the hearing was told.
The Gulf War Illnesses independent inquiry started hearing
evidence in London today from veterans and relatives of those who
served in the war.
Flight Lieutenant John Nichol, who served as an RAF Tornado
navigator, is now president of the Gulf Veterans’ Branch of the
Royal British Legion.
Together with pilot Flt Lt John Peters, he was shot down on the
first day of the conflict, captured and held as a prisoner of war
for 49 days.
He told the three-man inquiry panel: “The men and the women you
will hear from over the coming days are not the enemy – but
many times over the past few years that is exactly how they’ve
been made to feel – they deserve better.â€
He said during the conflict troops were given up to 14
inoculations, experienced the first ever mass use of NAPS tablets
– the nerve agent pre-treatment used as an antidote against
chemical weapons – and were exposed to heavy use of pesticides
including those purchased locally.
They were exposed to atmospheric pollution from burning oil wells
and depleted uranium dust whilst decommissioning site and
vehicles attacked with DU weapons and were possibly exposed to
nerve agents when Iraqi chemical weapons storage facilities were
destroyed, he said.
Vicky Warriner, 36, from Peterborough, told the inquiry she
attributes the deformities of her late baby Catherine to
injections and tablets her former husband Mark was given when he
served in the Gulf.
In January 1999 a requested scan at 35 weeks revealed their baby
had hydrocephalus and a body measuring 37 weeks but a head
measuring 39 weeks.
Their baby was subsequently born with a range of deformities
including no ears, widely spaced eyes, club foot and a set of
ribs missing, and lived for just seven and a half hours.
Addenbrookes Hospital said although mutogenic effects seemed
“unlikelyâ€, knowledge of what went on in the Gulf War was so
limited they would hesitate to completely rule it out.
The couple subsequently divorced and Mrs Warriner said: “I
think he blamed himself for Catherine from what he received in
the Gulf. I said ’I don’t blame you’, he didn’t have a
choice as far as I’m aware. He had to have the injections and
the tablets.â€
Larry Cammock, chairman of the Gulf Veterans’ Association, told
the inquiry he was given a series of more than 16 vaccinations,
including smallpox, yellow fever (twice), cholera, polio,
meningitis, hepatitis B and C, rabies, plague, anthrax,
“biologicals†and issued with malaria and NAPS tablets.
He said the programme was “chaoticâ€, while Shaun Rusling,
vice chairman of the National Gulf Veterans’ and Families’
Association (NGVFA), told the hearing he was the only veteran
receiving a pension on the basis of Gulf War Syndrome.
Without the diagnosis, pensions cannot be passed on to widows,
the hearing was told.
Mr Rusling appealed for the Government to support the inquiry and
accused the MoD of “dereliction of duty and gross crass
negligence†for not disseminating information at the time or
testing troops in the subsequent 14 years for depleted uranium.
The independent inquiry is funded by an anonymous donor, and the
three-week probe aims to establish the facts about Gulf War
illnesses and resolve the long-standing dispute over their
causes.
Support groups claim about 6,000 veterans have suffered
unexplained ill health since the 1991 conflict, and more than 600
are said to have died.
The MoD has always denied the existence of a so-called Gulf War
Syndrome, insisting there was no single cause of the illnesses
suffered.
Hundreds of veterans have tried to claim compensation but they
were dealt a blow earlier this year when solicitors advised that
there was insufficient evidence to prove their cases in court.
Lord Lloyd of Berwick, a former Lord Justice of Appeal, is
sitting alongside Dr Norman Jones, treasurer of the Royal College
of Physicians, and Sir Michael Davies, formerly Clerk of the
Parliaments.
The inquiry was adjourned until next Monday, when more veterans
are expected to give evidence.
*****************************************************************
43 India: Dispelling notions on use of radiation
NT Bureau
Chennai, July 12:
Governor P S Ramamohan Rao will inaugurate a four-day awareness
programme on 'Applications of Radioisotopes and Radiation
Technology for Societal Development at Anna University here
tomorrow.
Speaking to reporters on Saturday, Anna University
Vice-Chancellor, E Balagurusamy said the programme was being
organised as part of the golden jubilee celebrations of the
Department of Atomic Energy . It would have of two-day workshop
and a four-day exhibition.
The applications of nuclear energy and radioisotopes had
done marvels in various fields of human activity like healthcare,
medicine, agriculture, food preservation and archaeology.
Inspite of these achievements there was misconception
about the use of radioisotopes and radiation among the public due
to lack of proper information. Realising the need for
dissemination of information on the potential applications of
radiation and radioisotopes and bringing together the experts in
the nuclear field, the general public and potential users of
radioisotopes, the programme had been organised he said.
Eminent experts from Bhabha Atomic Research Centre,
Mumbai, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam,
Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology, Mumbai and Anna
University would deliver lectures on various themes.
At the exhibition radiation detection equipment, the role
played by Department of Atomic Energy in the application of
Radiation and Radioisotopes for societal development and its
applications at various would fields would be displayed to the
public and students.
Around 800 delegates, including college students,
lecturers and teachers of different streams will be participating
in the awareness programme.
A free field trip to the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic
Research, Kalpakkam has been organised by the University for the
general public and students.
For further details about the programme contact, V
Murugesan, convenor of the programme over phone on - 22301168 /
22203144.
*****************************************************************
44 UK Independent: Gulf syndrome victims are heard at last
By Terri Judd
13 July 2004
Veterans were "dismissed as trouble-makers" when they complained
of a range of debilitating illnesses after the Gulf War in 1991,
the first day of an independent inquiry into the suspected
syndrome was told yesterday.
The three-week hearing in London, headed by the former Lord
Justice of Appeal Lord Lloyd of Berwick, will take evidence from
30 ex-servicemen, medical experts and government representatives
in an attempt to establish the facts about Gulf War illnesses.
The Ministry of Defence (MoD) has always denied the existence of
"Gulf War syndrome", insisting there was no single cause of the
illnesses suffered by veterans of the conflict.
Flight Lieutenant John Nichol, who became a familiar face during
the war when he was captured by the Iraqis and paraded on
television, told the inquiry yesterday that more than 637
previously young and fit servicemen had died since the end of the
war. Of the 5,585 who had been granted disablement, 1,388 had
specified conditions related to Gulf War illness, he said.
He said that those afflicted had been rebuffed and treated like
the enemy. "When the veterans were begging for advice, begging
for answers, they were being fobbed off and dismissed as
trouble-makers," he said. He added that the MoD had failed to
heed warnings about the dangers of the cocktail of drugs given to
servicemen and women in 1990 and 1991.
Flt Lt Nichol, a former RAF Tornado navigator and president of
the Gulf Veterans branch of the Royal British Legion, said he
considered himself lucky not to have returned with the same
health problems as many of his comrades. He said many had been
"assaulted" by multiple inoculations programmes, including
anthrax and plague, mass use of nerve agent pre-treatment
tablets, heavy use of pesticides, atmospheric pollution from
burning oil wells, possible exposure to nerve agents when storage
facilities were destroyed and depleted uranium dust.
Sufferers displayed a variety of symptoms - chronic fatigue,
memory loss, depression, mood swings and aching joints - and some
developed cancer. Of the 53,000 servicemen and women deployed,
about 6,000 had complained of health problems, the inquiry heard,
while others suffered in silence.
Flt Lt Nichol said the MoD had spent £8.5m researching the
illnesses since 1997, approximately the same amount as its annual
entertainment budget.
Lord Lloyd also heard from Samantha Thompson, whose husband, a
naval officer, died two years ago of motor neurone disease, a
condition which is more than twice as prevalent among Gulf War
veterans than others of their age-group. She said the authorities
in America recognised that the disease was attributable to the
conflict. "For my daughter Hannah, I want her to see her father's
death has been thoroughly investigated," she said.
Shaun Rusling, who won an important ruling two years ago when a
War Pensions Agency tribunal officially recognised Gulf War
syndrome as a disease, also appeared at the inquiry.
The inquiry, which is independent from the Government, is funded
by an anonymous donor and cannot demand evidence from the MoD or
the Department of Health. Lord Lloyd has written to the
departments requesting they take part in the hearings, but they
have yet to respond. Lord Lloyd said: "I hope very much they will
co-operate with this inquiry. It seems to me they have nothing to
lose from doing so."
Lord Lloyd, 75, will sit alongside Dr Norman Jones, treasurer of
the Royal College of Physicians, and Sir Michael Davies, formerly
clerk of the parliaments. The donor, who is meeting the costs of
between £50,000 and £100,000, is said to be concerned about the
welfare of ex-servicemen and women.
The MoD and the Department of Health said they were considering
whether to give evidence to the inquiry, which was described by
Charles Kennedy, the Liberal Democrat leader, as "long overdue".
The inquiry was adjourned until next Monday.
'EVERY WEEK YOU HEAR OF SOMEONE ELSE WHO HAS DIED'
Major Christine Lloyd considered herself 100 per cent fit when
she volunteered to go to the Gulf in 1990 as a nursing officer;
two months later, she returned exhausted, permanently aching and
unable to concentrate long enough to administer medication.
Yesterday she told the independent inquiry that she attributed
her continuing ill health to the cocktail of vaccines and drugs
she was given.
Ms Lloyd was a 43-year-old reservist when she answered a call for
medical volunteers. Before she left Britain in January 1991 she
was given seven inoculations, including one described as
"biological", which she later realised was anthrax.
Two weeks later she arrived in Saudi Arabia to help set up a
field hospital and prepare for what they believed would be a
major influx of casualties. She noticed that the area was being
sprayed with pesticides, including organophosphates, the safety
of which is now questioned.
The stress of Scud missile alerts was compounded by the poor
facilities, she said. Many of the drugs dispatched to the field
hospital were out of date, she claimed, while the equipment
looked like something more suited to the Second World War.
She began taking nerve agent pre-treatment (Naps) tablets and
immediately became disoriented and dizzy. "The side effects of
the Naps tablets continued: diarrhoea, frequency of urination and
headaches," she added.
But there were more vaccines to come. In February she was given
another series, including inoculations against anthrax and
plague.
In mid-March she returned home. "After three weeks leave I
returned to work. I was always exhausted. I had headaches. I
couldn't concentrate. I was becoming a danger giving out
medication. I had short-term memory loss. I could no longer walk
up hills and mountains."
In October 1992 she was declared unfit for work, and still
suffers from a range of problems. "Every week you hear of another
colleague who has died ... We need to get to the bottom of this,"
she said.
Terri Judd
UK Independent Ltd.
*****************************************************************
45 [NukeNet] Washington Post Editorial on Yucca
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:56:23 -0700
this is awful - I encourage everyone to write letters to the editor on
it. not only does the Post support Yucca on the false claim that it
will consolidate the waste from many sites to just one, but they support
the idea of simply changing the law to fit the site (as has been done
too many times already) rather than finding a site that fits
well-reasoned laws.
==============================
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A40033-2004Jul9.html
Yucca Mountain
Sunday, July 11, 2004; Page B06
SUCCESSIVE administrations have planned for it. The House and the
Senate have approved it. The Energy Department is desperate to move
forward on it. But the plan to create a permanent storage site for
nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain in the Nevada desert may be delayed. The
construction of the underground storage system, which may eventually
cost up to $60 billion, was not fully funded in the president's budget
this year, because the White House assumed Congress would pass
legislation making a nuclear waste fund, which comes from user and
utility fees, available to the project. That was one assumption too far:
Congress failed to change the rules, and it has so far failed to find
other ways to provide the funding needed to get the project on
schedule.
Last week, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit complicated
matters further, handing down a unanimous decision dismissing most of
the objections that figured in multiple lawsuits against Yucca Mountain,
save one -- but it's a big one. The court concluded that the
Environmental Protection Agency acted wrongly when its regulations
governing construction of the site demanded only that it guarantee its
safety for 10,000 years. In fact, the National Academy of Sciences --
whose views Congress has said the EPA must comply with in these matters
-- has declared that geological concerns should be considered for a much
longer period, even up to a million years. If Yucca Mountain is to
comply with the law, the entire project must be rethought or redesigned
with that in mind. Alternatively, the law has to be changed.
Theoretically, the latter course should be simplest. But this is an
election year, and Nevada is a swing state whose voters definitely do
not approve of nuclear waste in their back yard and whose legislators
constantly work against it. Sen. John F. Kerry (D-Mass.) has stoked the
political fires by denouncing the Yucca Mountain project, which the Bush
administration supports. According to the Las Vegas Review-Journal, Mr.
Kerry's vice presidential choice, Sen. John Edwards (D-N.C.), had
promised within hours of his selection to defer to Mr. Kerry on the
issue, despite having voted in favor of the nuclear waste repository in
2002. Chances seem slim that Congress will hold hearings on the design
of the storage site, or that it will pass legislation designed to sort
some of this out -- the course of action the courts suggested.
Yet without a major show of political will, the project will never be
built. We support the Yucca Mountain project on the grounds that the
center of a desert mountain is a better place for the nation's nuclear
waste than the several dozen current repositories, many of which are
near cities and some of which already are unsafe. But no project of this
scale can succeed if Congress is unable to maintain consistent support.
Underfunding the research and the construction is one way to ensure an
environmental disaster, either in Nevada or in one of the waste dumps
that won't be cleaned up if Yucca Mountain isn't built. If politics
prevents this project from attracting funding and proper attention, then
Congress must propose another solution for the nation's nuclear waste.
© 2004 The Washington Post Company
_______________________________________________________________________
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46 Las Vegas SUN: Fate of repository shifts back into EPA's hands
By Suzanne Struglinski SUN WASHINGTON BUREAU
WASHINGTON -- A federal appeals court decision Friday puts the
fate of the proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository in
the hands of the Environmental Protection Agency unless Congress
intervenes.
Nevada officials are optimistic the ruling will ultimately stop
the Energy Department's plan to store nuclear waste at Yucca
Mountain, 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas.
Attorney General Brian Sandoval declared the project dead, but
the nuclear industry and the department also declared victory,
noting that the court rejected most of Nevada's challenges.
"There are multiple paths forward, no one knows what the end
is," said Steve Kraft, director of waste management at the
Nuclear Energy Institute.
He emphasized that nothing has changed in the project since
Friday, that the court did not order work stopped on the project
and that several years could pass before the effects of the
decision could really be felt.
"We won't know what's changed until those paths are taken; until
it ends you don't know," he said.
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia threw out
the majority of Nevada's challenges, but it ruled that the
Environmental Protection Agency did not follow the law and set a
standard for how long the project should contain radiation
without heeding the advice of the National Academy of Science.
The EPA said 10,000 years. The academy said it should be for the
peak life of the radiation, which could up to 300,000 years.
Nevada officials say that would mean the project is dead because
the project couldn't be built to last for that long.
However, both the federal government and the state are expected
to appeal the court ruling and, perhaps more importantly,
Congress, which approved the repository, could get involved and
make a law that would essentially overturn the court's ruling.
"They're (DOE) going to the Hill," said Geoff Fettus, an
attorney for the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). Fettus
argued part of the case against the standards.
The department has asked Congress earlier this year to change
another NRDC court case, coincidentally won by Fettus, that found
the department did not have the authority to classify high-level
radioactive waste in three states as something else in order to
leave it there. The department asked Congress to grant it the
authority. The Senate approved the change just for South
Carolina, while the House did not approve the measure. A
congressional conference committee is still considering it.
The department could ask Congress to change a number of things,
but Michele Boyd, legislative representative for Public Citizen,
said it would be "incredibly foolish" for any member to vote to
remove the requirement for the academy's recommendation on the
project because it would remove key scientific oversight.
The court threw out the 10,000 year standard and ordered that
the agency must either issue a revised radiation standard that
follows the academy's recommendation or ask Congress for
legislative authority to deviate from the academy's
recommendations.
"It was Congress that required (the) EPA to rely on (the
academy's) expert scientific judgment, and given the serious
risks nuclear waste disposal pose for the health and welfare of
the American people, it is up to Congress -- not (the) EPA and
not this court -- to authorize departures from the prevailing
statutory scheme," according to the court decision.
The court also threw out the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's
licensing standard that also used the 10,000-year compliance
period. The department is in the midst of working on the
project's license application it planned to submit to the NRC in
December using that 10,000-year compliance period and other
radiation standards.
"It's going to be difficult for (the) DOE (Energy Department) to
submit a license application when they don't know the standards
they have to meet," Fettus said. "This is critical to licensing.
I think (the) DOE would like to relegate this as a minor
footnote, but it's not."
The department has said for years it needs to submit its license
application by this December to reach its planned 2010 opening
date.
Boyd said there is no way the department could submit the
license application because the 10,000-year compliance period is
no longer legal. Due to the court decision, it no longer exists.
But Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham, like the Nuclear Energy
Institute, the nuclear industry's lobbying group, which also
supports the project, did not see the decision having a large
effect on the project.
Instead, Abraham and NEI released statements pointing to the
court's rejection of Nevada's challenges against Congress's
approval of the project, the department's selection process and
the commission's licensing criteria.
"While the Court did not question the scientific validity of the
Environmental Protection Agency's standards, it did vacate one
aspect of the standard, the 10,000-year compliance period,"
Abraham said. "Therefore, DOE will be working with the EPA and
Congress to determine appropriate steps to address this issue."
Angie Howard, NEI executive vice president, said the decision
should not delay the project.
"We are confident the standards can be addressed and the project
will move forward," Howard said. "The project can operate safely
beyond 10,000 years and it's a matter of just going back and
making some decisions."
Howard said it was premature to say exactly what the next steps
would be but said that more research has been done since the
academy's recommendations.
Fettus said that by going back to the academy's standard, which
will reach far beyond the original 10,000-year mark, the geologic
makeup of the mountain will have to be the main barrier against
radiation harming the public because no engineered barrier will
last that long.
"It can't rely on manmade barriers," Fettus said. "The real
fundamental issues here is the geology. Is it adequate? This is
going to force that assessment. We cannot overstate the
importance of that finding by the court."
Fettus said there is no specific timeline set for the agency to
start working on a new rule, but it is "a domino effect" that
will put the licensing process on hold until the agency creates a
new rule and the commission creates new licensing criteria based
on that rule.
A new agency rule will take time to create. The academy's
radiation standard recommendation came out in 1995 and the agency
did not finalize the rule until 2001.
Antonio Rossman, a San Franciso-based attorney for Nevada,
estimated it would take at least two years for the EPA to set a
new standard, but then the Nuclear Regulatory Commission would
also have to make its own new rule, which would also take time.
Both would need public comment periods, drafts, final evaluations
and other steps required by law when making federal rules.
Meanwhile, Rossman pointed out that the Nuclear Waste Policy Act
act prohibited filibusters in the Senate and specified the
committees that could address the bill that would approve Yucca
Mountain. He said those restrictions, which played out in 2002,
would not be in place on any bill the department would try to
push through.
"Now all the rules in Congress to deal with this acute bias
toward the minority can be put into play," Rossman said.
Nevada's congressional delegation was quick to praise the
decision Friday, but also knew it did not immediately spell the
end of the project.
"I have no doubt that the White House and the nuclear power
industry are going to fight the court's action, but this should
serve as a warning to both, that science, not politics, must
guide this process," said Rep. Shelley Berkley, D-Nev. "We have
already wasted billions of dollars on a hole in the Nevada
desert, and today's court ruling only proves that the Yucca
Mountain is unsafe, unwise and unworkable."
Rep. Jon Porter, R-Nev., said he had been waiting for Friday's
decisions for 20 years and that is was a "huge win" for the state
but that he still "does not trust Washington, D.C."
"I'm not going to let my guard down," Porter said. "Both
Democrats and Republican want to find a plan to store the waste,
there are 29 states looking for a place for it. I know how
serious of an issue this is, there are 400 member that support it
and they will try to find a way. There are so many agendas
involved."
"I wish this would be the end of it but not it's not until I see
the last shovel of dirt go into the hole," Porter said.
Rep. Jim Gibbons, R-Nev., called the decision a "fatal blow" to
the project, especially because the department would have to go
back to Congress to make a change or prove the site will be safe
beyond 10,00 years.
"That will be a high standard to meet, and one that I doubt the
DOE could realistically meet. Ultimately, (Friday's) ruling
creates a monumental obstacle and uncertain delay in the
licensing process for Yucca Mountain," Gibbons said.
"I don't think Congress is going to be easily swayed to deviate
from its own safety requirement," Gibbons said. "Whether they can
breathe life back into the cadaver, I don't know."
*****************************************************************
47 Las Vegas SUN: Political impact of Yucca remains unclear
Democrats hope waste worries will help Kerry
By Kirsten Searer LAS VEGAS SUN
Forget the donkey: Local Democrats use Yucca Man and Chicken
George as party symbols these days.
The two mascots have shown up at numerous Republican events in
the past few months. Yucca Man, an old friend to Democrats,
dresses in a white haz-mat suit to represent the possible perils
of the proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository.
Chicken George takes a pot shot at President Bush for failing to
come to Southern Nevada to talk about Yucca Mountain since he
signed a pro-Yucca bill in 2002.
Democrats hope that Bush's decision to go ahead with Yucca
Mountain -- combined with Democratic presidential contender John
Kerry's resolute promise to halt the project -- will hand them
Nevada this presidential election.
And they feel buoyed by a federal court ruling Friday that found
the government didn't heed the National Academy of Science in
setting a key standard for the planned repository.
But it's unclear what political impact the Yucca Mountain issue
will have on this year's tight election.
Any clarity of Yucca Mountain as a political issue has been
clouded a bit.
More than a dozen polls, commissioned over the last few years by
Republicans, Democrats and pro- and anti-Yucca groups, show
Nevadans' split feelings over Yucca Mountain:
+ Nevadans consistently object to the project. A range of people
-- usually at least 70 percent -- consistently say they don't
want the project to come to Nevada.
+ About 65 percent of Nevadans want the state to continue
fighting the project in court, according to a poll commissioned
by the state in October. That's almost exactly the same
percentage of Nevadans who favored the court fight in June 2002.
+ Opinions -- and polls -- diverge from there. Some show that
while Nevadans disagree with the project, Yucca Mountain doesn't
rank high on a list of pressing issues. Other polls say it does.
There's the rub as the issue garners more attention this
election season.
Keith Schwer, director of the Center for Business and Economic
Research at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, has tracked
Yucca polling for years. Opinions sometimes fluctuate,
particularly in rural areas, during tougher economic times, when
people see an opportunity for compensation from the government,
he said.
But usually, rooting for Yucca Mountain in Nevada is "like being
against apple pie and motherhood."
The question is, will Nevadans use it as a litmus test in the
presidential election?
Democrats hope so. They're mindful that had Al Gore won Nevada,
he would have won the presidency. And Nevada is one of the
so-called "battleground" states, meaning plenty of money and
attention are being directed here.
Over the weekend, national Democrats passed a platform that
specifically condemned Yucca Mountain, saying, "We will protect
Nevada and its communities from the high level nuclear waste dump
at Yucca Mountain, which has not been proven to be safe by sound
science."
The 2000 Democratic platform simply stated the nuclear waste
should be stored in a "scientifically sound manner," though it
did not mention Yucca Mountain.
Rep. Shelley Berkley, D-Nev., who sat on the platform committee
this weekend, said the message says "to Nevada and the rest of
the nation that Democrats find the Yucca Mountain Project to be
unsafe, and that we will fight to protect our families from
high-level nuclear waste."
Berkley said she originally proposed a draft version of the
plank, but the committee ended up strengthening the language.
Nevada, she said, is the only state specifically mentioned in the
Democratic platform.
"We just were very fortunate that the language reflected not
only the party's position but our soon-to-be (presidential)
nominee's position, as well," she said.
The national Republicans, though, say they have been basing
their view on "sound science."
"More than 20 years and $4 billion in scientific study
demonstrates that Yucca Mountain is scientifically and
technically suitable for development," said Tracey Schmitt, a
spokeswoman for the Bush-Cheney campaign. "The D.C. Circuit Court
affirmed the actions taken by this administration and the
Congress to develop the Yucca Mountain site in Nevada as the
nation's first long-term geologic repository for nuclear waste."
The court ruling proves, Democrats have said, that Bush lied
when he made a pledge to follow "sound science" when he proceeded
with the project.
"This does delay it long enough for us to change the
administration," said Assembly Speaker Richard Perkins. "We won."
State Republicans, meanwhile, are walking a careful line. On one
hand, Bush's surrogates have flown into town to reassure the
public that Bush has based the project on "sound science."
On the other, Republicans from Gov. Kenny Guinn to Sen. John
Ensign, R-Nev., have coyly said they'll "agree to disagree" with
the president.
Ensign told the local media Friday that Bush "has been
ill-served by his advisers" in proceeding with the project.
Despite Kerry's strong anti-Yucca position, his new running
mate, Sen. John Edwards, D-N.C., like many other Democrats, voted
in favor of Yucca Mountain in 2002.
Many Republicans argue that Edwards' vote proves that both
Republicans and Democrats stood behind the effort to pass Yucca
Mountain, said Republican strategist Sig Rogich, who worked for
the first President Bush.
"None of us want Yucca Mountain here, that goes without saying,"
Rogich said. "But conversely, it's pretty difficult to say it all
rests with the president of the United States when Congress, with
an overwhelming majority, voted to send it here. That's
Republicans and Democrats."
The polls don't really help decide the issue. Polls have shown
everything from Bush not being affected by his decision on Yucca
Mountain to people being less likely to vote for him because of
it.
Longtime Nevada pollster Kent Oram said that Yucca Mountain
typically ranks far below other issues of concern such as
education, crime, drugs, water and traffic congestion.
"It's not even high enough to register on discussion," he said.
"It's a press issue. A lot of people talk a lot about it, but
when we ask these questions for years it doesn't come up. If it
does, it's minuscule."
A new poll from America Coming Together, a group working to
defeat Bush, disputes that assertion, however.
The poll of registered voters found that only the rising gas
prices weighed more on Nevadans' minds than Yucca Mountain.
And those worries cut across party lines, the poll found. Groups
that traditionally vote Republican all were "very worried" about
the project.
The question really will be how the voters perceive the debate,
and the national campaigns are drawing clear comparisons.
Kerry's campaign has promised that a President Kerry would
create an international blue-ribbon panel to look at the issue
and come up with recommendations on what to do with the nation's
nuclear waste.
"Given the urgency of this problem, it will be right away," said
Sean Smith, spokesman for Kerry's Nevada campaign. "We can't have
all this waste being trucked and shipped across this country."
Smith brushed aside criticism that Edwards voted for Yucca
Mountain, saying Kerry's 16-year record of voting against Yucca
Mountain speaks for itself.
"John Kerry is at the top of the ticket," Smith said. "It's his
vision, it's his platform, and it's going to be his presidency."
Republicans from Ensign to top presidential adviser Karl Rove
have questioned whether Kerry could fulfill his promise to stop
the project.
Rove, who predicted that Nevadans will base their vote on the
economy, the war on terrorism and the "values" of the
presidential candidates, said Nevadans "are smart enough to know
it's one thing to make a rash pledge that it's not coming here.
"It's another thing to be able to operate on it when you have so
many states that have material in their states and for so long
have been told that eventually there will be a place to put it,"
he said.
*****************************************************************
48 Guardian Unlimited: Trial Begins on U.S. Nuclear Waste Costs
From the Associated Press
[UP]
Monday July 12, 2004 11:46 PM
By H. JOSEF HEBERT
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - The government's failure to open a dump site
for commercial nuclear waste could expose taxpayers to tens of
billions of dollars in damages. The first in an expected string
of trials to determine exactly how much began Monday in a
courtroom across the street from the White House.
Owners of three reactors in New England claim they are spending
hundreds of millions of dollars building storage facilities and
maintaining spent nuclear fuel that the government under a
contract had promised to pick up six years ago. In all, more than
60 claims have been filed seeking damages from the government.
More than two decades ago, the government signed a contract with
utilities promising to take charge of the highly radioactive used
reactor fuel at commercial power plants beginning in 1998. But
the government has yet to come up with a central storage site.
A number of court cases have ruled that the Department of Energy
is liable for the cost of keeping the waste because of a breach
of contract. How much is at stake is anyone's guess, but the
industry has put the number as high as $56 billion.
The first case, involving three utilities that own the Yankee
group of reactors in Maine, Massachusetts and Connecticut, went
to trial Monday before the U.S. Court of Federal Claims. The
trial is expected to last seven weeks.
Jerry Stouck, an attorney representing the utilities, outlined a
case that was expected to focus on expenses utilities had to pay
because of the government's repeated failures - dating back to
1983 - to get approval for a central waste dump at Yucca Mountain
in Nevada and its refusal in the interim to accept the waste at
some other facility.
``They built these facilities for one reason only - because of
DOE's default,'' Stouck said of the utilities.
A Justice Department attorney countered that the damage claims
were ``speculation'' and wrongly assumed that if the government
had met the 1998 deadline, the New England reactors' waste would
have been taken within a few years. In fact, the companies would
have had to build storage facilities and maintain fuel for years
as they awaited their turn for shipping waste to a central
repository, the government argued.
``Even though there was a delay, the (utilities) cannot prove
there was incremental damage,'' argued Harold Lester, the
government's lead attorney, representing the Energy Department.
The courts already have ruled the government violated its
contract with the nation's utilities to take charge of the waste.
Now the utilities are seeking damages, with a total of 65 claims
having been filed including a rush of them at the beginning of
the year, just before the six-year statute of limitation for
lawsuits expired.
``Damages. Damages. It's all about damages. How much money are we
entitled to,'' Stouck said during a break in the proceedings.
The case before Judge James Merow of the claims court is limited
to used reactor fuel that is being stored at the Maine Yankee,
Connecticut Yankee and Yankee Rowe (in Massachusetts) nuclear
plant sites. The issue is of special importance to the utilities
because the reactors have been shut down and keeping the waste is
more expensive and may affect site cleanup.
```If this litigation is successful, it will provide some
financial relief to the electric customers who bear the
increasing costs to store fuel at these sites as a result of the
DOE's failure to met its legal obligations,'' said Bruce Kenyon,
chairman of Yankee Atomic Electric Co.
The utilities together are asking for $548 million in damages for
costs incurred to keep the spent reactor fuel in dry-cask storage
until 2010, the year the proposed Yucca Mountain waste site is
expected to be opened. The amount is nearly double the $268
million cited in 1999 when the New England utilities began
litigation. Stouck said the cost of keeping the waste on site,
initially underestimated, has grown because today's terror
threats require increased security.
But the money sought in this trial is only a fraction of what the
government may have to pay, given that these are only three of 65
claims filed by owners of the country's 102 reactors at 72 power
plants.
The bill could grow if the Yucca Mountain waste site does not
open in 2010 as planned. A federal appeals court raised new
questions about the Energy Department's ability to keep its
timetable Friday as it rejected DOE's proposed radiation
protection standard for that site.
In a recent letter to Congress, Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham
estimated that utilities will incur $500 million a year in costs
for every year the Yucca Mountain dump is delayed past 2010.
``Some portion of (that cost) ... the department will be liable
for,'' he wrote.
On the Net:
Energy Department: www.doe.gov
Yucca Mountain project: http://www.ocrwm.doe.gov/ymp/index.shtml
Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004
*****************************************************************
49 RGJ: Nuke dump fight isn’t finished yet
||| Home [http://www.rgj.com/]
RENO GAZETTE-JOURNAL
7/11/2004 08:53 pm
Opponents of the federal government’s plan to bury the nation’s
nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain in Southern Nevada declared the
plan dead Friday when an appeals court in Washington, D.C., ruled
the Environmental Protection Agency’s standards for the dump
illegal.
If only it were so.
Certainly, the ruling should cause President George W. Bush, who
promised that the decision to open the Yucca Mountain waste
repository would be based on the scientific evidence, to rethink
his approval of the project.
The court rejected the EPA’s requirement that the plan protect
the public from radiation for 10,000 years. Instead, the court
said, the repository must meet a much more stringent standard
recommended by the National Academy of Sciences: as much as
300,000 years. That’s in keeping with what Nevada has been
arguing for many years: When it becomes obvious that Yucca
Mountain can’t meet the established standards, the EPA and
Department of Energy simply change the standards to something the
repository can meet.
After the ruling, opponents, ranging from Washington, D.C.-based
Public Citizen to U.S. Rep. Jim Gibbons, R-Nev., said that
meeting the more stringent standard would be next to impossible,
so the decision effectively kills the plan.
But proponents of the Yucca Mountain plan long ago put all their
eggs into the rather fragile Yucca Mountain basket and they
aren’t likely to give up that easily. Friday’s decision
undoubtedly will be appealed, and instead of trying to meet the
appropriate standard, they’re likely to ask Congress itself to
change the law to lower the threshold to something that Yucca
Mountain can meet. And Congress has shown it will take whatever
action is necessary to ensure Nevada is stuck with the
repository.
Whatever happens, more lawsuits are likely, and the delays will
push back the opening of Yucca Mountain even further.
The appropriate answer, of course, would be for the Bush
administration to order a crash program to find a better way to
dispose of the waste that has been building up at nuclear power
plants for decades than dumping it into a big hole in the ground.
Having eliminated all the alternatives years ago to concentrate
on the boondoggle at Yucca Mountain, however, the proponents have
to continue the fight. So Nevada has no choice but to fight on,
too.
© Copyright Reno Gazette-Journal, a Gannett
*****************************************************************
50 AU ABC: South Australians suspicious of nuclear waste review
[http://abc.net.au/ra/news/]
The Australian government is reconsidering a proposal for a
national radioactive waste dump in the state of South Australia.
The review follows a court ruling that compulsory acquisition of
land was not proper.
There is also widespread community opposition to the proposal.
During a visit to the state last week, Prime Minister John Howard
indicated cabinet ministers would review the case.
But South Australian Premier Mike Rann says a review was also
announced shortly before the last federal election in 2001 but
the ruling coalition postponed its decision until after it won
government.
Mr Rann says says the government should let South Australians
know one way or another, prior to this election:
"I think that if they try to do another delayiing tactic then
South Australians will see through it totally," he said.
12/07/2004 15:09:10 | ABC Radio Australia News
[http://abc.net.au/default.htm] ©
[http://www.abc.net.au/privacy.htm]
*****************************************************************
51 AU ABC: Cabinet decision on nuclear dump remains unclear
="Australian Broadcasting Corporation Online">
[http://abc.net.au/]
Monday, 12 July 2004
Federal Government plans for a radioactive waste dump in South
Australia remain unclear.
During a visit to South Australia, Prime Minister John Howard
said Cabinet would consider its position after the federal court
ruled that the compulsory acquisition of the dump site, near
Woomera, was unlawful.
If the Commonwealth decides to appeal against the decision in the
High Court it must do so by next Thursday.
But after today's Cabinet meeting, front bencher Warren Truss
would not reveal if a decision had been made.
[http://www.abc.net.au/privacy.htm]
*****************************************************************
52 AU ABC: NT may be in line for nuke dump - MP
[http://abc.net.au/]
Tuesday, 13 July 2004
The Labor Member for Liangiari, Warren Snowden, says the Northern
Territory may be being scouted as the site of a nuclear waste
dump, because a Country Liberal Party (CLP) member has supported
the idea in the past.
The Federal Government is reviewing alternative locations for the
dump after a court ruling against the compulsory acquisition of
land in South Australia to house the facility.
Mr Snowden says the CLP Member for Solomon, David Tollner, may
have sparked interest in the Northern Territory when he said last
year that he did not object to a nuclear waste site.
Mr Snowden says there have been no discussions with the
Government or the community.
"To have the Member for Solomon go out and say, 'well look it's
not that bad a thing to happen in the Northern Territory, there's
plenty of places we could possibly have it' is just irresponsible
and in my view stupid," he said. [ more news ] Last Updated:
6:09:00 AM (ACST)
[http://www.abc.net.au/privacy.htm]
*****************************************************************
53 KVBC: Yucca Mountain Ruling Considered A Victory For Nevada
July 12, 2004
Maria Silva Reporting [Msilva@kvbc.com]
Two big decisions today affecting the Yucca Mountain project. One
a major blow to Nevada. The other providing hope that Yucca
Mountain won't become the nations nuclear waste dump.
The Department of Energy claims a win because the court dismissed
arguments the Yucca waste dump was unconstitutional.
Nevada's win came from a technicality. The courts decided the
government has to protect the public from radiation for more than
10-thousand years. The EPA will have to conduct studies, research
that will take time and likely delay the 2010 scheduled opening
of Yucca Mountain. It also gives Nevada leaders more time to kill
the project.
News 3's Maria Silva talked with those on the front line of this
battle against the federal government.
Soon after the ruling, both Nevada Democrats and Republicans made
their feelings known; all celebrating today's ruling, a ruling
they say should give Nevadans hope that the project can be
stopped.
"It's a tremendous blow to this bloated project."
"This is a very significant date for our state."
Both Nevada Senators Harry Reid and John Ensign called today's
ruling a huge victory, but agreed the fight if far from over.
Even though it's been an issue both Nevada Democrats and
Republicans have been battling together for many years, the
attention turned to how this will affect the November
Presidential Election.
"You can't pretend to be opposed to something and then with a
wink-wink put in your party platform that we should negotiate for
benefits or endorse the President who is rushing Yucca Mountain
here."
Kerry's stance on the issue: Clear. "He has a 16 year record of
voting against it."
Not so clear is running mate John Edwards.
"In his career he's cast one vote for and one against it on all
issues that affect Nevada. But in the end all agreed both
parties will continue their fight against the project no matter
what the cost.
Senator John Ensign did acknowledged that Bush's push for the
Yucca Mountain project may affect his popularity with Nevada
voters, but says, come this November, Nevadans should look at all
issues and not just the Yucca Mountain issue.
The Kerry-Edwards campaign also released a statement. In it, it
says, "Today's court decision confirms that the Bush
Administration turned its back on sound science in its rush to
build the Yucca Mountain Repository."
Yucca Mountain Timeline: + It started back in the early 1980's
when the Department of Energy identified Yucca Mountain as one of
nine potential sites for storage of the nation’s nuclear waste. +
In 1985 President Reagan approved three sites for consideration:
Yucca Mountain, Hanford, Washington and Deaf Smith County, Texas.
+ In 1987 the other sites were dismissed. The government put all
its effort in studying Yucca Mountain. + In February of 2002,
President Bush gave final approval to make Yucca Mountain the
home of the nation’s nuclear waste.
[http://www.worldnow.com] All content © Copyright 2000 - 2004
WorldNow and KVBC. All Rights Reserved. For more information on
*****************************************************************
54 NEWS.com.au: N-dump appeal to milk the taxpayer
(July 12, 2004)
By Samantha Maiden and Rebecca DiGirolama
TAXPAYERS face a multi-million-dollar legal bill if the Howard
Government agrees today to mount a High Court challenge to ensure
that a new radioactive waste dump is built South Australia.
As cabinet meets to consider whether to search for a new
radioactive waste dump site or appeal against a Federal Court
ruling that the commonwealth has misused urgency provisions to
secure the remote site, government sources have confirmed that
the current legal costs of $60,000 could blow out to "millions of
dollars".
Despite fears that the controversial dump could damage the
Liberal Party's chances of retaining up to three key marginal
seats in Adelaide, Finance Minister Nick Minchin has also hit out
at opponents of the dump in his home state of South Australia,
insisting it is still the safest site in the nation.
"All I can do is express my disgust with the political cynicism
and opportunism of the Rann Labor Government in frustrating the
overwhelming national interest in establishing a national
repository in the safest place in Australia," he told The
Australian yesterday.
"Scientists have told us that is in the central north of South
Australia. Cabinet will explore all options in light of the Rann
Government's decision."
Last year, John Howard accused South Australians of a
"pathetically parochial argument" in trying to stop the nuclear
waste dump, but he appeared to soften his view last week when
campaigning in marginal seats in Adelaide.
Pledging to consider voter concerns over the 12-year $5million
search for a dump site, the Prime Minister said cabinet would
discuss legal options "in a sensible, measured, reasonable way".
Any High Court challenge risks a drawn-out legal battle with the
Rann Government and would provide a political weapon to federal
Opposition Leader Mark Latham, who has pledged not to build a
dump in South Australia.
The federal Government has until next Thursday to appeal against
last month's Federal Court decision, which ruled that the Howard
Government had unlawfully acquired land for the dump on Arcoona
Station, near Woomera.
Liberal MP Trish Worth, whose seat of Adelaide is one of three
marginals under threat, said she was ready to face whatever
cabinet decided.
"I'm used to facing the music and I'm a strong believer in doing
what's right for the nation, and we must have a resolution to
this," she said.
Science Minister Peter McGauran declined to comment yesterday,
but has made it clear he wants the dump built on Arcoona Station
"one way or another".
Australian Conservation Foundation nuclear spokesman David Noonan
said internal ALP polling had shown that the dump was the second
greatest issue of concern for swinging voters in the seat of
Adelaide.
The Australian
*****************************************************************
55 NEWS.com.au: Howard warned over nuclear dump
(July 12, 2004)
By Sam Lienert
THE Federal Government was today warned it would suffer a body
blow in South Australia at the next election unless it abandoned
plans for a nuclear waste dump in the state.
SA Premier Mike Rann called on federal Cabinet to abandon plans
to build a dump there after a recent Federal Court ruling struck
down the acquisition of land for a nuclear waste repository at
Woomera in SA's far north.
"Unless it is resolved now, then I can give this very firm
message that South Australians will use it as an opportunity to
record a no vote to a nuclear waste dump at the coming election,"
Mr Rann told ABC radio.
"I think that the Prime Minister knows that more than 80 per
cent of South Australians are opposed to us having this inflicted
on us."
A spokeswoman for federal Science Minister Peter McGauran said
the issue had been discussed at today's Cabinet meeting, but a
decision would not be made tonight.
Mr Rann said Prime Minister John Howard would do well to remember
when making a decision there were several marginal Liberal seats
in the state.
He warned that if the Federal Government chose to appeal the
matter in the High Court, the legal battle was likely to be
ongoing during the election, and the government would feel the
brunt of SA anger at the polls.
"Any court action in the High Court would mean that in the
middle of that action, South Australians could use the federal
election as a referendum against the nuclear waste dump," he
said.
He said an announcement that the Government would review its
plans would also be met with scepticism, as that happened before
the last election, with the Government deciding after the
election to revive dump plans.
"I think if they try and do another delaying tactic then South
Australians will see through it totally," he said.
"South Australians don't want our state to be the nuclear waste
dump site.
"You've got to remember the history here - all the sites for
nuclear bomb testing in our western desert back in the 1950s and
1960s.
"There's all sorts of damage done to our outback, hundreds of
millions spent on cleaning it up, and now here we go again."
AAP
Copyright 2004 News Limited. All times AEST (GMT+10).
*****************************************************************
56 NEWS.com.au: Cabinet splits over nuclear dump plans
(July 13, 2004)
[http://www.news.com.au/]
By Paul Starick
FEDERAL Cabinet has split over whether to abandon the national
nuclear dump planned for South Australia to avoid an electoral
backlash in crucial marginal seats.
Cabinet yesterday failed to agree on whether to proceed with the
dump in SA or find another site outside the state. It is
understood senior SA ministers urged colleagues to consider the
dump's unpopularity in their home state and the potential impact
on three Government-held marginal seats at this year's federal
election.
But other ministers argued they did not want the headache of
nuclear dump plans in their states.
The impasse means Prime Minister John Howard, who visited
Adelaide last week, will be expected to make a final decision on
the divisive issue.
It is understood the dump issue was the last item on Cabinet's
agenda yesterday. Cabinet's next meeting is on July 20, in
Brisbane.
The Federal Government has until July 22 – Thursday next week –
to decide whether to appeal to the High Court after losing a
crucial legal battle over the dump.
The Government's acquisition of the Arcoona Station land, near
Woomera, was ruled unlawful by the Federal Court last month.
Cabinet considered options including ruling out a national dump
for SA and putting nuclear waste from federal agencies in a dump
outside the state, on federal land.
This would have involved "calling the states' bluff" and
demanding they develop their own plans for storing their own
nuclear waste.
Some SA ministers supported this plan, even though it was a
backdown from the hardline federal stance.
Almost exactly a year ago, Mr Howard accused the State
Government of "pathetically parochial argument" and "jingoism"
for trying to stop the dump. On July 8, 2003, Mr Howard
acknowledged the dump was unpopular but said "the alleged dangers
have been grossly exaggerated".
Mr Howard softened his stance during his three-day visit to
Adelaide last week, vowing Cabinet would "take into account"
South Australians' concerns when reconsidering the issue.
"We're not going to take a bull-at-a-gate attitude and we're
going to very careful and measured and considerate about how we
handle the issue," Mr Howard said last Wednesday.
Some senior Government figures are worried about the electoral
risk of maintaining a tough stance on the dump when opinion polls
show Adelaide's five marginal seats are extremely close.
Some believe the Government could keep all three Liberal-held
seats and pick up Wakefield from Labor, if the issue was
neutralised.
Before Cabinet met yesterday, Premier Mike Rann said he hoped it
would make a decision on the dump.
"I think the Prime Minister knows that people will go into the
ballot boxes on election day and use it as a referendum to say no
to a radioactive waste dump," he said.
"Last week, while he was in Adelaide, the Prime Minister hinted
that the Federal Government might reconsider this issue.
"So we're hoping for a definitive yea or nay from Federal
Cabinet."
Australian Conservation Foundation executive director Don Henry
said he was disappointed that Cabinet had been unable to agree on
ruling out a dump for SA.
"I think the issue is very important, and rightly so, for South
Australians and it deserves Cabinet treating it very seriously,"
he said.
"They should've made a decision to rule it out then and there.
We'd urge for it to be top of the agenda for the next Cabinet
meeting."
The Advertiser
Copyright 2004 News Limited. All times AEST (GMT+10).
*****************************************************************
57 [NukeNet] Savannah River N-Waste Tanks Cracked, Rusted Or
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:54:22 -0700
http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/national/AP-Nuclear-Waste-Tanks.html
Reports: S.C. Atomic Waste Tanks Damaged
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Published: July 10, 2004
Filed at 4:39 p.m. ET
COLUMBIA, S.C. (AP) -- Fifteen tanks holding
deadly atomic waste at a nuclear weapons complex
along the Savannah River have cracked, rusted or
leaked, according to federal inspection reports.
Some of the cracks date to the 1950s, when the
steel tanks first went into use at the Savannah
River Site. But inspection reports say some leaks
have been found in the past three years.
Advertisement
In 2001, 92 gallons of radioactive waste leaked
through a 40-year-old tank into a containment
area. Six leak sites were found on the
750,000-gallon, 24-foot high steel tank.
Secondary containment systems have kept
radioactive poisons from getting into groundwater.
But a containment system failed in 1960, and the
waste leaked into the ground, the reports said.
The 300-square-mile federal weapons complex has 51
steel tanks holding 37 million gallons of waste,
including uranium, cesium and plutonium.
Westinghouse Savannah River Co., which runs the
site for the U.S. Department of Energy, says some
tanks are within 8 to 10 feet of the water table,
raising concerns. But Dean Campbell, a spokesman
for Westinghouse, says the government does not
know of any tanks that currently are leaking.
``They obviously are getting older and will not
last forever,'' said Charles Hansen, an assistant
waste disposition manager with the U.S. Department
of Energy. ``This is highly radioactive, and there
is a concern to get that waste out as soon as
possible. There's always some potential for
inadvertent leakage into the environment.''
The Energy Department wants Congress to allow it
to empty most of the waste from tanks and fill
them with a grout intended to reduce the threat
remaining material can pose to groundwater.
But critics of the DOE plan say the tanks' poor
condition shows the need to empty the containers
completely.
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58 Oak Ridger: Bush gets 'close look' at Oak Ridge
Story last updated at 2:42 p.m. on July 12, 2004
By: Paul Parson | Oak Ridger Staff paul.parson@oakridger.com
[paul.parson@oakridger.com]
During a Monday morning visit to the Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, President George W. Bush got a "close look" at some
Libyan nuclear weapons-related material and delivered a 30-minute
speech on the country's accomplishments in the war against
terrorism.
"America is safer because of your service in Oak Ridge," the
president told the crowd of officials that filled the 273-seat
Wigner Auditorium - and the many other employees who watched via
a Web cast.
Department of Energy officials, Oak Ridge officials, and
supporters Monday morning at ORNL. Bush viewed Libyan nuclear
materials being stored in Oak Ridge before his speech, saying
America's possession of them has made America safer.
"The world changed on Sept. 11," he said. "And, since that day,
we have changed the world."
The president said America has led a "steady and confident"
campaign against "the dangers of our time."
According to ORNL Director Jeff Wadsworth, the items President
Bush saw during his 15- to 20-minute tour consisted of material
that could be used to enrich uranium. That capability would mean
a country would be able to make nuclear weapons.
The Libyan-related materials were initially shipped to Oak Ridge
earlier this year. And, just last month, Oak Ridge officials also
assisted in the removal of radioactive material from a former
Iraqi nuclear research facility.
However, the president made no mention of this project during his
talk.
President Bush was unable to visit the Y-12 National Security
Complex during his trip to Oak Ridge. Both ORNL and Y-12 have
played major roles in nonproliferation efforts.
Dennis Ruddy, president and general manager of BWXT Y-12, said it
was great for his facility and ORNL to receive acknowledgment of
Oak Ridge's accomplishments.
Oak Ridge Mayor David Bradshaw agreed.
*****************************************************************
59 Re: [du-list] Terminate DOT-E 9649
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 18:56:55 -0700
Great letter, Elaine. I've posted it to go with the action plan. See
the homepage at http://www.traprockpeace.org
Best wishes, Charlie
Charles Jenks, attorney at law
President of the Core Group
Traprock Peace Center
103A Keets Road
Deerfield, MA 01342
413-773-1633; fax 413-773-7507
charles@mtdata.com
http://www.traprockpeace.org
On Jul 12, 2004, at 1:40 PM, Elaine Hunter wrote:
Mr. Billings,
I ask that the DOT immediately terminate and not renew DOT-E
9649. Depleted uranium munitions should have a “Radioactive” placard
and an “Explosives” placard on shipments. Depleted uranium is an
extremely toxic material and much more dangerous when shipped with an
explosive propellant as in the case of DU munitions. In case of a fire,
first responders (local police and fire fighters) would have no idea
the shipment contained radioactive material. The public has a right to
know about hazardous shipments through their communities.
Many time I pass the Blue Grass Army Depot [BGAD], a repository for
depleted uranium munitions, which is adjacent to the cities of Richmond
and Berea, KY. As I sit now, I am less than 10 miles from BGAD. It
disturbs me very much to know these munitions can be transported
without HazMat identification. Kentucky has some of the highest
vehicle insurance rates in the country. The roads get rainy, snowy,
icy, messy--accidents happen.
Whatever delivery route is taken, large populations are at risk if
there should be a catastropic accident. Our citizens and our brave men
and women who respond to such accidents deserve, no, have the right to
know immediatly what they are dealing with.
The federal government and the military MUST stop trying to gut
everything that has been done to protect citizens and the environment.
The future of our children and grandchildren depend on it.
Elaine A. Hunter,
DUinKY Awareness Campaign--deep inside the DU Triangle.
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60 [du-list] DU in the news - 11th July 04
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:54:18 -0700
http://onlinejournal.com/Commentary/070604Becker/070604becker.html
Includes...
What would you do if newborns in your family and community were born with
hideous defects as a result of the all the depleted uranium contamination
left behind by the spent munitions that liberated (sic) you?
Commentary
What would you do?
By Glenn Becker
Online Journal Contributing Writer
Download
a .pdf file for printing.
Adobe Acrobat Reader required.
Click here to download
a free copy.
July 6, 2004—What would you do if in the middle of the night a heavily
armed and armored goon squad invaded your sanctuary called home and
terrorized you and your family with threats and beatings, and maybe even
raped the females, killed one of your family members or took them away
never to be seen or heard from again?
What would you do if your child was in the backyard playing and suddenly
you see his head explode from a psychopathic snipers' bullet?
What would you do if you saw a picture of your best friend lying dead in a
partially wrapped body bag and a foreign soldier posing gleefully giving
the thumbs up signal?
What would you do if a car full of neighbors drove by and suddenly their
car was riddled to pieces by .50 caliber gunfire and the shooters then
walked up to the mangled mass of metal and finished off those who managed
to survive the unprovoked attack?
What would you do if newborns in your family and community were born with
hideous defects as a result of the all the depleted uranium contamination
left behind by the spent munitions that liberated you?
What would you do if you had to watch a loved one die a slow agonizing
death due radiation poisoning from the same depleted uranium contamination?
What would you do if you had to recant your religious beliefs, or face the
possibility of sick and perverted sexual humiliation or a tortuous death?
What would you do if your unwitting child curiously picked up an unexploded
cluster bomb and was killed or maimed?
What would you do if you found out your daughter felt she had to become a
prostitute in order to help the family afford the basic necessities of life?
What would you do if a local family was having a wedding party and they
were torn to pieces by foreign troops firing bullets and bombs, and had no
regard as to whether or not they killed innocent men, women or children?
What would you do if foreign corporations came into your country and
plundered your natural resources?
What would you do if you were coming home only to find arrogant bullies had
demolished it with bulldozers?
What would you do if those who act less than human treated you as if you
were less than human?
What would you do if constant fear, suffering and death caused by
foreigners, with no end in sight, came to visit your neighborhood and country?
Take a moment or two and try to imagine yourself in these conditions, and
then ask yourself, what would you do? That is, if you dare.
cf
Terrorists
not crazy, says psychiatrist
Reuters - Jul 9, 2004
LONDON (Reuters) - Terrorists are not crazy, but can be driven to kill
by witnessing violence first hand or on television, a leading researcher says.
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61 [du-list] DU in the news - 13th July 04
Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 18:56:53 -0700
SICK Gulf Veterans 'Made to Feel Like the Enemy'
The Scotsman - Edinburgh,Scotland,UK
... They were exposed to atmospheric pollution from burning oil wells and
depleted uranium dust whilst decommissioning site and vehicles attacked
with DU weapons ...
<http://news.scotsman.com/latest.cfm?id=3194698>
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