***************************************************************** 01/13/04 **** RADIATION BULLETIN(RADBULL) **** VOL 12.10 ***************************************************************** RADBULL IS PRODUCED BY THE ABALONE ALLIANCE CLEARINGHOUSE ***************************************************************** Send News Stories to news@energy-net.org with title on subject line and first line of body NUCLEAR POLICY 1 US: Berkshire Eagle: Editorials The big lie made clear 2 WorldNetDaily: Painful circumcision 3 US: St. Petersburg Times: Opinion Damaged credibility 4 Scotsman.com: New Blow to Blair over Iraq 5 Korea Herald: [EDITORIAL] North's sign of desperation 6 Korea Herald: [Commentary]Lessons from history 7 Xinhuanet: China hopes for early six-party talks 8 ITAR-TASS: Russia hails readiness of NKorea to stop nuklear programm 9 ITAR-TASS: Russia, Mongolia favour continuation of 6-way talks on DP 10 AU The Age: Defusing the nuclear threat - 11 Cape Argus: City man on nuke charges 12 US: Baltimore Sun: Time to strike a blow for energy efficiency 13 ic Wales: Concern over Soviet weapons 14 People's Daily: Sino-US statement on nuclear energy conducive to coo NUCLEAR REACTORS 15 US: [epa-impact] Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Diablo Canyon Pow 16 US: Rutland Herald: Vt. Yankee settlement questioned 17 Xinhuanet: Russia welcomes DPRK readiness for freezing nuclear activ 18 Toronto Star: Bruce unit's return to service short-lived 19 US: Brattleboro Reformer: VY hearings turn to cash, pollution 20 Globe and Mail: Electrical problem closes down Bruce reactor 21 US: NRC: Draft Regulatory Guide; Issuance, Availability 22 US: NRC: Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station; Notice of Withdrawal of 23 US: NRC: Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Diablo Canyon Power Plant 24 US: NRC: Tennessee Valley Authority, Notice of Receipt of Applicatio 25 US: NRC: SUNSHINE ACT MEETING NUCLEAR SAFETY 26 Germant Plants Centers For Nuke Plant Accident Victims 27 Vaccines Linked to Gulf War Syndrome 28 EUpolitix - Nuclear battle underway NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE 29 [CMEP] Yucca Mountain Court Date January 14 and Chair of Yucca 30 US: Knox News: Waste site cleanup successful 31 US: Salt Lake Tribune: Utah legislators get lots of freebies from lo 32 Las Vegas SUN: Nevada set to make final Yucca stand 33 RGJ: Citizen Alert contest winner a Yucca proponent 34 RGJ: Congress could have avoided court battle over waste dump 35 Enquirer Columbus Bureau: Ohio wins new uranium plant 36 Paducah Sun Editorial: Plant decision speeds up changes 37 Paducah Sun: Future impact of plant closure economically and job wis 38 Paducah Sun: History of USEC 39 Paducah Sun: Cleanup, closure gutted Oak Ridge - 40 Paducah Sun: 2001 closure surprised Piketon community - 41 Paducah Sun: Employees unsure of future but not surprised - 42 Paducah Sun: Local support, big incentives not enough to sway USEC - 43 Paducah Sun: Paducah already has new-industry efforts - 44 Paducah Sun: Kentucky package strong was one of the largest offered 45 Paducah Sun: Lost jobs could start being replaced this week - 46 Irish Examiner: De Rossa seeks tougher controls on nuclear waste 47 Courier Journal: Paducah nuclear plant will close NUCLEAR WEAPONS US DEPT. OF ENERGY 48 U.S. Newswire: DOE Dedicates New National Isotope Production Facilit 49 Paducah Sun: DOE UF6 conversion hearing tonight OTHER NUCLEAR 50 Bush's Space Program: A Future Armada? 51 Google News Alert - nuclear 52 EUpolitix: France clings to fusion dreams 53 Xinhuanet: Politics threatens to dominate nuclear fusion debate 54 War Wire: Europe could go it alone on ITER energy project: Raffarin 55 AFP: Europe could keep ITER, warns France ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** FULL NEWS STORIES ***************************************************************** ***************************************************************** 1 Berkshire Eagle: Editorials The big lie made clear January 13, 2004 Pittsfield, MA The study by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace stating that the Bush administration "systematically misrepresented" the threat of Iraqi weapons of mass destruction doesn't break new ground but, combined with assertions by former Treasury Secretary Paul O'Neill that the White House was plotting a pre-emptive invasion of Iraq before September 11, 2001, the picture of a White House spoiling for war and willing to misrepresent the truth to justify it is cast in even sharper relief. The administration intentionally misled the American people in embarking upon a strategy that has done perhaps irreparable harm to long-held American principles. The administration's case for a pre-emptive invasion of Iraq was poor from the beginning, but with congressional Democrats afraid to speak out against it in an election year and the media in full flag-waving mode, it went essentially unchallenged. It was only after the fact that it became apparent, as the Carnegie study makes clear, that the White House didn't use intelligence evidence to build a case for invading Iraq, but instead manipulated and misrepresented intelligence to justify an invasion it was long determined to launch. The record is clear and cannot be disputed. Iraq had no biological weapons, let alone the "massive stockpile" the administration claimed it had. The White House claimed Saddam Hussein had seven biological agents factories -- he had none. The administration said the Iraqi leader had huge chemical weapons stockpiles, including mustard and sarin gases -- he had no chemical weapons. The White House claimed Iraq had restarted its nuclear weapons program, buying uranium from Africa and procuring enrichment equipment. In fact, Iraq had no nuclear weapons program, no equipment, and no uranium. The president continues to link the invasion of Iraq to the war on terrorism even though there is no evidence that Iraq was a threat to anyone outside its borders and no evidence of a link between Mr. Hussein and al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden, who, in fact, was a sworn enemy of the Iraqi dictator. According to Mr. O'Neill, who was in a position to know, White House neoconservatives began plotting an invasion of Iraq shortly after the president took office in 2001, which means the White House cynically exploited the tragedy of September 11 to advance its schemes. While the administration squanders time, money, soldiers' lives and America's prestige on the Iraqi misadventure, al-Qaida continues to engage in terror, and has now taken advantage of postwar Iraqi chaos to move into that country. The sanctimonious Washington Republicans who asserted that President Clinton deserved impeachment not because of his affair with Monica Lewinsky but because he lied about it are predictably silent about the lies that emanated and continue to emanate from the White House. No one died in Monicagate, and Monicagate did not give comfort to our enemies while alienating our allies. America will not soon recover from the Iraq war and the shameful deceit that preceded it. Associated Press ***************************************************************** 2 WorldNetDaily: Painful circumcision JANUARY 13 2004 Israeli cable-television viewers were probably yawning when both CBS and CNN reported last Tuesday that Libya had obtained illicit nuclear weapons technology from Pakistan. Broadcasting to Israel via the British Sky satellite network, CBS reporter David Martin spoke with appropriate drama as he revealed that Bush administration officials possess significant evidence of the alleged transfer. CNN's John King was equally serious in his similar report. Why would Israelis yawn about something that was probably ultimately aimed at their own annihilation? Well, Israeli security experts and government leaders have spoken about the Pakistani-Libyan connection for some time now. In other words, the news was not news here in Israel – the intended nuclear ground-zero. The Pakistani government has denied that it played any role in the reported technological transfer. Israeli security analysts tend to believe President Pervez Musharraf when he insists that he knew nothing about the reported illegal activity. But that doesn't mean the dirty deed did not take place. In fact, a senior Pakistani official at the country's Atomic Energy Commission basically admitted to the Associated Press that clandestine transactions had probably occurred, even if totally under the table: "Pakistan should not be blamed for any individual's wrongful act," he stated, adding ominously that "We do not know who has been helping Iran, North Korea or Libya." This is a chilling revelation indeed, especially after Pakistan admitted in late December that some of its senior nuclear scientists had probably passed on strategic information to the radical Shiite Islamic regime in Iran. All this simply underscores the fact that Saddam – as nefarious as he was – did not represent the biggest WMD threat in this tense and volatile region, if he actually possessed the banned weapons at all. The country that keeps Israeli strategic planners awake at night is Iran, believed to be on the verge of acquiring atomic weapons. But they also bear in mind that the neighboring South Asian Muslim nation of Pakistan openly deploys the bomb, even if it is an ostensible American ally. Pakistani scientists can apparently fairly easily share the technical know-how to assemble the ultimate weapon with Israel's many Middle East enemies, whether or not their current national leader is aware of it. Of course, Israel's friendly neighbors are busy pointing the finger (you can guess which finger) back at the Jewish state's thinly veiled nuclear arsenal. Egypt has been doing that for some years now, demanding that the U.S., U.N. and E.U. disarm Israel before it suddenly unleashes it dreaded atomic sword. Saying he is now ready to scrap his WMD development programs, Libya's exotic dictator Moammar Gadhafi is making this the centerpiece of his new anti-Israel crusade as well. Now Syria is joining the crying chorus. Its unelected despot, Bashar Assad, basically admitted on Jan. 6 that his Baathist regime possesses at least some mass-destruction weapons (probably stockpiles of Sarin nerve gas, as the White House has charged). But he also insisted that his WMDs are a necessary defense against alleged "Israeli aggression" aimed at his notorious police state. "It is natural for us to look for means to defend ourselves," he told the London Telegraph. More haunting was Assad's next statement to the newspaper: "It is not difficult to get most of these weapons anywhere in the world, and they can be obtained at any time." No wonder U.S. government nuclear sniffers were ardently patrolling several large American cities over the recent holidays! The very fact that countries – along with terrorist groups like al-Qaida – can now apparently purchase mass-destruction weapons and /or technology on the black market will prompt Israel to keep her nuclear powder dry, whatever Mubarak, Gadhafi and Assad say. Regional security experts assume that Israeli leaders control significant chemical, and possibly even biological, arsenals, along with several hundred atomic warheads. However, there is no question that they do not have very much land to defend (the tiny country is merely the size of New Jersey). More to the point, eight out of 10 Israeli Jews live along the narrow coastal plain – about 100 miles long and just 10 miles wide in most places. As Saddam demonstrated when he shot off his Scuds in 1991, this fact alone is a strategic nightmare in an age of proliferating long-range missiles. If and when Libya, Syria, Iran and, yes, even Egypt and Iraq become functioning participatory democracies (don't hold your breath), they can then begin to demand that Israel be disarmed of all its mass destruction weapons. More than that, when popularly elected Muslim governments truly abandon their blind hatred for the "Zionist entity" in their midst – which even the U.S.-backed Mubarak has not really done – then Israel can begin to destroy her not-so-secret nuclear warheads. Until the day arrives when the medieval Middle East is brimming with love and brotherhood instead of hatred and war (i.e., when Messiah reigns in Jerusalem), don't look for the world's only Jewish state to willingly give up its vital non-conventional shield. But in the wake of Saddam's overdue ouster and Gadhafi's subsequent change of heart, do expect increasing international demands for it to do so, no matter how suicidal such a circumcision would be. David Dolan is a Jerusalem-based author and journalist who has lived in Israel since 1980. He reported for CBS Radio for over 12 years. © 2004 WorldNetDaily.com, Inc. ***************************************************************** 3 St. Petersburg Times: Opinion Damaged credibility The secretary of state put his reputation on the line when he made an exaggerated case for a war in Iraq that has violated the tenets of his own doctrine. Published January 13, 2004 No one's reputation has suffered more damage than Secretary of State Colin Powell's as a result of the Bush administration's misrepresentations of the threat posed by Iraq in the months leading up to war. Other administration officials, such as Vice President Dick Cheney, were more reckless than Powell in making allegations that turned out to be exaggerated or untrue, but none of them enjoyed Powell's reputation for careful language and prudent action on matters of war and peace. In fact, Powell's seemingly meticulous presentation at the United Nations of Iraq's illegal weapons programs was a turning point in marshaling domestic and international support for the White House's decision to go to war. Last week, a wan Powell made a half-hearted effort to vindicate some of his prewar assertions in light of postwar realities. He acknowledged that our government has found no "smoking gun" linking Saddam Hussein's regime to al-Qaida, much less to the Sept. 11 attacks. But Powell still claims that it was "prudent" to have considered "the possibility of such connections" prior to the war. Yet Powell's Feb. 5 U.N. presentation claimed much more than "the possibility of connections" between Iraq and al-Qaida. Powell spoke then of "a sinister nexus . . . between Iraq and the al-Qaida terrorist network." And he added: "Iraqi officials deny accusations of ties with al-Qaida. These denials are simply not credible." Powell also made a seemingly detailed case against Iraq's supposed weapons of mass destruction, using satellite photographs and other data that he said showed specific sites of illegal weapons and facilities. Yet the large U.S. contingent searching for evidence of illegal weapons in Iraq has effectively disbanded, having turned up nothing approximating a direct threat from chemical, biological or nuclear weapons. A newly released report from the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace concludes that the Bush administration systematically misrepresented the threat posed by Iraq. Whether Powell and other administration officials purposely exaggerated that threat or were genuinely misled by conflicting reports of Iraq's weapons capability, it is clear in retrospect that the White House relied on a flawed rationale to justify launching a pre-emptive war in the face of broad opposition at home and abroad. A case could have been made for going to war to remove Hussein from power on strictly humanitarian grounds. It is essentially the same argument the Clinton administration used to justify going to war in the Balkans - in the face of virtually unanimous Republican opposition in Washington - to remove Serbian tyrant Slobodan Milosevic from power. Milosevic, like Hussein, engaged in systematic murder and torture on a genocidal scale that destabilized a strategically vital region. Milosevic ultimately was removed without the loss of a single American life in combat. Hussein, too, has been removed, and the world is a better place with him behind bars. But the end of his regime has come at a dear price. Hundreds of American soldiers have been killed, and thousands have been gravely wounded. Iraqis have suffered on a far broader scale, and they are still a long way from establishing a stable, democratic government to replace the Hussein regime. U.S. credibility also has suffered as a result of the dishonest case our government made for war. And no one's credibility has been damaged more than Powell's. Before Iraq, Powell was known for his adherence to what became known as the Powell Doctrine: Commit to the use of force only when our vital interests are threatened; only when Congress and the American people broadly support the military goals; only when our forces have a clear goal and exit strategy; and only when we are able to apply overwhelming military power to achieve victory. Powell allowed himself to be used to sell the American public and the world community on a war policy that violated the fundamental tenets of his own doctrine. No wonder he looked like such a dispirited short-timer as he tried to defend himself last week. [Last modified January 13, 2004, 01:33:02] Petersburg Times.All rights ***************************************************************** 4 Scotsman.com: New Blow to Blair over Iraq Tue 13 Jan, 2004 By James Lyons, Political Correspondent, PA News Prime Minister Tony Blair was dealt a fresh blow over Iraq today when a second senior Washington insider said intelligence was misrepresented. Former US Treasury Secretary Paul O’Neill has revealed he saw no evidence that Saddam Hussein possessed a chemical and biological arsenal. George Bush was planning the invasion of Iraq from the moment he became US President, Mr O’Neill said. His claims have been dismissed as the bitter attack of a sacked man by President Bush’s supporters. But they were backed today by Greg Thielmann, director of the Strategic Proliferation and Military Affairs Office at the US State Department until his retirement last year. Mr Theilmann told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme: “I’m afraid I think the American public was seriously misled.” The US administration “twisted, distorted, simplified” intelligence in a way that led Americans to “seriously misunderstand what the nature of the Iraq threat was”, he said. “I’m not sure I can think of a worse act against the people in a democracy than a President distorting critical information,” he said. “For a President to abuse that sacred trust ... is to me a very serious development.” Mr Theilmann said he was “not as knowledgeable about the British side of the question”. But he said: “I am disappointed by some of the statements made by Prime Minister Blair, even though I understand how difficult it is for a close ally of the United States to confront the United States on the use of intelligence information.” British intelligence was still sticking to claims that Saddam attempted to obtain nuclear material from Niger even though the US now acknowledged that was based on forged documents, Mr Theilmann said. Mr Blair would not have been working on more evidence than the Bush administration, he told Today. “It is unlikely that any really important intelligence here would not have been shared,” he said. “We are talking about intelligence of extraordinary importance, intelligence that can make the difference between war and peace. “I find it very difficult to believe that major intelligence has been withheld from one party to the other.” 2004 Scotsman.com ***************************************************************** 5 Korea Herald: [EDITORIAL] North's sign of desperation 2004.01.14 As a "private" U.S. delegation that made a visit to North Korean nuclear facilities last week was briefing Congressional leaders back in Washington, Pyongyang again sent out an offer of a nuclear freeze in exchange for oil supplies and economic aid. The true intent behind the announcement, repeated three times in less than a month, is hard to read but it strongly indicates that North Korea is becoming desperate. The worst possible scenario is that the North may now be counting down to a major experiment to declare itself a nuclear power. Having withdrawn from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty about a year ago, it is legally free to detonate a nuclear device in some place on its territory and thereby earn equivalent status to Pakistan or Israel. A more realistic view is that Pyongyang is simply increasing pressure on the United States to win concessions ahead of the resumption of the six-way talks, which also involve South Korea, China, Japan and Russia. A guided nuclear tour for a group of influential Americans, coupled with a simultaneous appeal for economic aid, is certainly a more refined form of blackmail. But Washington seems unimpressed. After the North's offer of a nuclear freeze a week ago, U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell said the Stalinist state had taken a "positive step." However, Washington made no visible response, except for continuing consultations with its two key allies, Seoul and Tokyo, on the methodology of offering some form of written security guarantee for Pyongyang. North Korea announced that the U.S. experts were shown its "nuclear deterrent," but it is not clear yet whether the object was an atomic bomb or a weapons making technology, as the group refuses to reveal details of its tour. If the visitors actually saw a nuclear weapon in Yongbyon, it would not surprise officials in Seoul or Washington, as their intelligence organizations have already concluded that the North has at least one or two nuclear bombs. What concerns officials of the two allies most at this moment is why the North Koreans have suddenly become so "open" about their nuclear program. And speculation naturally extends to whether the change in their attitude has anything to do with the recent renunciation of nuclear development programs by Iran and Libya, following the U.S. occupation of Iraq. "We live (survive) in our own way" is a common public slogan in the North, but it is not difficult to imagine that the communist leaders there must feel a noose tightening around their necks after they witnessed what happened to the three aspirants for nuclear arms in the Middle East. They must have also keenly watched the capture of Saddam Hussein, pulled from a spider hole in Tikrit. A freeze in the nuclear program in return for compensation was proposed by the North on Dec. 15 last year as the first step in a package-deal solution of the nuclear issue, and the same statement was repeated through Pyongyang Radio on Jan. 6 and last Monday. Observing the fast pace of North Korean activity over the past few weeks, however, we can reasonably expect that a certain change will take place in the status quo, whether it be out of a genuine fear of sharing the fate of Saddam, or another crafty scheme for survival. The allies must watch the North patiently and confidently, in the belief that it will not take too long for the North to realize that a nuclear bomb cannot be a true guarantee of its security. ***************************************************************** 6 Korea Herald: [Commentary]Lessons from history 2004.01.14 Regardless of whether they like him or not, or they use the same code with him or not, as the popular jargon goes, people will watch President Roh Moo-hyun on TV this morning. They will listen to him attentively to find out what he has to say - with gnawing anxiety in their hearts rather than expectations for good news. The president will surely have a lot to say when he faces the nation in his New Year's news conference. As everybody knows, it is not specifically because he loves to talk. It has little to do with his rhetorical talent, but because there are so many serious issues confronting the nation as well as his administration, which has turned into a virtual lame duck within a year. The issues are so huge that the president cannot attempt to dodge them skillfully - even with his nimble tongue. Among the most prominent issues are the slow economy and unemployment, the yawning income gap between the rich and poor, the loud conflicts among different interest groups aggravating social instability and, no doubt, the ongoing investigations into numerous political funding scandals which have shaken the nation through the past year. Also on top of the list are the North Korean nuclear issue and the loopholes in the alliance with the United States, as well as the recent diplomatic disputes with China and Japan over historical questions. Roh must not be unaware of the poor coordination between his Blue House advisors and Foreign Ministry officials in handling major foreign affairs as well. It is hard to believe, though, that our president has enough time to worry about all the outstanding issues of national concern when his own fate as a politician is in jeopardy. It looks certain that he will put his all into empowering the small pro-government Uri Party so that it can emerge strong enough through the general elections in April to support him staunchly during his next four years in office. Otherwise, he must be prepared for more hellish times ahead. Or, so he believes. This can be a risky gamble, because the funding record of the Roh camp in the 2002 election appears far from tidy. Should we compare it with the notoriously filthy report card of the opposition Grand National Party? Roh hopes so. He even offered to put his presidency to a confidence vote, with little regard for the constitutional propriety of his proposal. Unfortunately, people seem little touched by his appeal based on his now well-known value relativism. Looking back a year, Roh must recognize how disappointed, and even betrayed, the people now feel about his governance. His trademark "moral integrity" has been disgraced by one graft scandal after another involving various men in his inner circle. The prosecution's latest disclosure pointed to the president's role in taking unlawful money from businesses before and after his election. His proud principle of "independent diplomacy" has also gone nowhere, as it proved easily bendable while handling sensitive issues involving foreign countries. Therefore, we are curious to hear what the president has to say to sum up his first year as chief executive, which has been chaotic beyond tolerance. Is he going to pass the buck again to the powerful opposition and the antagonistic press? Is he going to blame again the unsupportive anti-reform forces and the diehard vested rights in our society? If he is tempted to do so, the president is advised to look farther back a decade ago, and even a century ago, in order to define his role as national leader within the broader framework of the nation's history and its future course. It is sad that the past decade has seen the nation failing to keep up with its once phenomenal economic development, despite notable advances in political democratization. Roh's promise to double the per capita national income to the $20,000 level during his tenure seems an unrealistic goal. The nation has yet to find viable growth engines, not to mention overcoming the disharmony among different economic players. The failure to ratify the nation's first ever free trade agreement with a foreign country is another worrisome matter. At the same time, Roh must find it no less alarming that the nation's security environment mirrors the region's geopolitics at the outset of the 20th century in certain respects. In January 1904, Emperor Gojong of the Joseon Dynasty tried in vain to proclaim neutrality as war between Japan and Russia seemed imminent amidst the heated power struggle on the peninsula among foreign imperialists. The Treaty of Portsmouth, signed on Sept. 5, 1905 ending the Russo-Japanese War, acknowledged Japan's paramount political, military and economic interests in Korea. It followed the famous Taft-Katsura Agreement in July of the same year, which recognized Japanese domination of Korea as a quid pro quo for its recognition of U.S. hegemony in the Philippines. These led to the Protectorate Treaty of November 1905 and eventually to Japan's annexation of Korea in 1910. The six-nation nuclear talks - involving the two Koreas, the United States, China, Japan and Russia - maintain the basic power matrix of a century ago. Korea's domestic situations then and now have certain parallels as well. This is where the nation has to take a lesson if it is not to repeat the tragic experiences of last century. This is a vital reason that the nation must overcome internal divisions under strong leadership. By Lee Kyong-hee Editor-in-Chief ***************************************************************** 7 Xinhuanet: China hopes for early six-party talks www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2004-01-13 21:06:27 BEIJING, Jan. 13 (Xinhuanet) -- China hopes the second round of six-party talks on the Korean nuclear issue will start as soon as possible and China is in constant talks with various parties, saidChinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Kong Quan here Tuesday. ˇˇˇˇKong said two senior Chinese officials had left Beijing Sunday for the United States for discussions on the issue with James Kelly, US Assistant Secretary of State. The two officials are Fu Ying, head of the Asian Affairs Department of the Chinese Foreign Ministry, and Ning Fukui, an ambassador-level official with the Foreign Ministry in charge of affairs concerning the Korean Peninsula, said Kong. Fu and Ning are also expected to meet other senior US officials,said Kong. In August 2003, China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the United States, the Republic of Korea, Russia and Japan held the first round of six-party talks in Beijing. Enditem Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 8 ITAR-TASS: Russia hails readiness of NKorea to stop nuklear programme [ITAR-TASS News Agency of Russia] 13.01.2004, 11.55 ULAN BATOR, January 13 (Itar-Tass) -- Russia welcomes Pyongyang’s readiness to stop its nuclear programme, Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov said at a ceremony of awarding to him honorary doctorship of the Mongolian State University. Commenting on North Korea’s statement expressing readiness to mothball a reactor in Yongbyong, he said “this is a step forward that will give reasons to count on a constructive answer from the US”. Ivanov noted a positive response to Pyongyang’s statement from American Secretary of State Colin Powell. “This can become a good basis for the continuation of the negotiating process,” he said. “Ensuring a nuclear-free status of the Korean Peninsula and retention of it in the sphere of nuclear non-proliferation, ensuing security of all states located there, the development of peaceful cooperation in Northeast Asia meets the interests of Russia.” Ivanov added that the issue of nuclear non-proliferation on the peninsula “should be solved only by a peaceful, negotiating process”. “Such solution could allow forming in this subregion a system of relations of states that would strongly guarantee the stability and peaceful cooperation, including rapprochement of both parts of Korea,” he said. © ITAR-TASS. All rights reserved. You undertake not to copy, ***************************************************************** 9 ITAR-TASS: Russia, Mongolia favour continuation of 6-way talks on DPRK [ITAR-TASS News Agency of Russia] 13.01.2004, 08.41 ULAN BATOR, January 13 (Itar-Tass) - Russia and Mongolia "fully support the efforts towards a negotiated settlement of the nuclear problem of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) on the basis of ensuring a non-nuclear status of the Korean Peninsula," says a Joint Statement signed here on Tuesday by the Foreign ministers of the two countries, Igor Ivanov and Luvsangiyn Erdenechuluun. The sides also "come out in favour of providing guarantees of security and creating normal conditions for the socio-economic development of the DPRK". The Joint Statement points out that Mongolia and Russia "favour the earliest continuation of the six-way negotiating process started in Beijing, a search for and finding of mutually acceptable accords which would contribute to asserting peace, security and cooperation on the Korean Peninsula and in Northeast Asia as a whole". © ITAR-TASS. All rights reserved. You undertake not to copy, ***************************************************************** 10 AU The Age: Defusing the nuclear threat - www.theage.com.au January 14, 2004 The US is negotiating over nuclear weapons with regimes it had previously vowed to overthrow, writes Joseph Cirincione. The past few weeks have brought remarkable changes in some of the most difficult and dangerous global nuclear proliferation threats. Rather than heading towards military conflicts, the United States seems to be moving towards negotiated solutions that could end the nascent nuclear weapons programs in Iran, Libya and possibly also North Korea. It is unclear whether these breakthroughs, which are still tentative but hold extraordinary promise, are the result of the American success in Iraq or of failures there. Has the US been able to work out deals with Iran and Libya, two of the world's most difficult regimes, because they feared being next in the Bush Administration's crosshairs, or because the US is so tied down in Iraq that the Administration must seek diplomatic solutions? Much of the news coverage and analysis of these developments has treated them as if they were entirely unrelated. Yet the pattern that emerges when we connect the dots is at least as important as the events themselves. It signifies not only substantial progress towards stopping the spread of nuclear weapons, but an as-yet unacknowledged shift: Washington is now negotiating with regimes it had previously vowed to overthrow. To recap recent developments: the North Korean Government has offered to freeze its nuclear programs and not test any weapons, in exchange for political and economic concessions from the US. Libya has agreed to publicly disclose and dismantle all nuclear, chemical and biological weapons programs; to limit its missiles to a range of less than 300 kilometres; and to open the country immediately to comprehensive inspections to verify its compliance. Together with information coming from Iran, officials are now cracking open the international network of suppliers and middlemen that allowed both countries, and North Korea, to accumulate the high-tech equipment necessary to build nuclear weapons. Pakistan has emerged as the key supplier to all three. The US, bogged down in Iraq and paying high costs for a still-uncertain outcome, now clearly prefers talking to fighting. Iran announced it would suspend its once-secret program to enrich uranium and allow expanded inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency. Iran's decision came after two days of intense negotiations between top Iranian officials and the British, French and German foreign ministers. These nuclear U-turns have profound implications. For the past decade, many have seen these countries as the central nuclear danger. While there are about 30,000 nuclear weapons in the world, most are in the hands of Russia and the United States, with China, France, Britain, Israel, India and Pakistan accounting for another few hundred. It is now unlikely that any of these states would use these weapons, except if war should break out in south Asia. The greatest danger was that Iran, Iraq, North Korea or Libya would acquire nuclear weapons and either use them, threaten to use them or transfer them to a terrorist group. So why the change? Conservative pundits are quick to claim that the leaders of Libya and Iran are co-operating because they fear the same fate that befell Saddam Hussein. Perhaps. Little evidence supports this conclusion and both countries deny it. Still, the war in Iraq must have had some effect. But going further to claim that the US could initiate military attacks on these nations is sheer bluster. With mounting casualties and costs and few allies in Iraq, the Administration cannot even bolster its troops in Afghanistan, let alone mount major new military operations in other nations. Nor would the US have any international or domestic support for new wars. Libya and Iran must know this. It seems clear that with Libya, Iran and North Korea, it is money that matters. The major condition of the EU's new trade and co-operation agreement with Iran is that the country end its uranium enrichment program. That deal is worth billions. The Europeans are now committed to using their "soft power" to leverage good behaviour from the nations that have strong economic ties with Europe. Similarly, Libya began negotiations years ago with America and other nations to get out from under the international and US sanctions that had crippled it. Colonel Muammar Gaddafi's acceptance of responsibility for the destruction of Pan Am flight 103 led to the suspension of UN sanctions, but it became clear he would also have to end his pursuit of nuclear and chemical weapons before Washington would lift its sanctions. Other factors probably helped push him along, but right now the evidence indicates that the greatest incentive was restoring economic relations. What is also clear is that the co-operation between Europe and the US has struck the right balance between force and diplomacy. Negotiated agreements, not military operations, are making headlines. The threat of US force is still there - and should be - but it is Europe's diplomatic engagement strategy that is now dominant. The US, bogged down in Iraq and paying high costs for a still-uncertain outcome, now clearly prefers talking to fighting. Bush seems to have turned to Secretary of State Colin Powell, who has taken centre stage and is getting results. Powell has begun promoting a new "strategy of partnerships", cleverly reinterpreting the Administration's policy pronouncements as if this were how it was always intended to be. It's classic Washington politics, but it's also effective diplomacy. Many obstacles remain. The Libyan case seems the most clear-cut. Gaddafi realises there is no pan-Arab nationalist revolution to lead, so he would like to end his days as the leader of a prosperous, secure Arab nation. The Iranian case is more complicated. With several factions vying for government control, each needs to walk a fine line in opening up to the West without appearing to surrender to imperialism. Some may want to play for time, yield a bit on the nuclear program, hoping to restart it some time in the future. North Korea, with its mercurial leadership, is the most difficult. On North Korea, the Administration does not have a partner with the confidence and clout of Britain or the EU, and remains deeply divided on whether to negotiate with the Pyongyang regime or to overthrow it. But if the Administration can overcome its internal divisions and work closely with its international partners, it has the tools to resolve all these cases. Once these problems are solved, we can turn our attention to other, less dramatic ones. Like how to get rid of the 20,000 nuclear weapons and 1000 tonnes of nuclear bomb material stored in Russia before al-Qaeda figures out a way to buy some of it - or to steal it. Joseph Cirincione is co-author of the new Carnegie report WMD in Iraq: Evidence and Implications. This article first appeared in The Washington Post. Copyright © 2004. The Age Company Ltd advertise| contact us ***************************************************************** 11 Cape Argus: City man on nuke charges ONLINE EDITION POWERED BY IOL Tuesday 13th January SOUTH AFRICA By Murray Williams A prominent Cape Town businessman has been arrested in the United States for allegedly exporting to Pakistan "triggers" that can be used to detonate nuclear weapons. Asher Karni, 50, of upper Three Anchor Bay, is a respected member of the city's Jewish community. He was arrested as he stepped on to US soil at Denver International Airport in Colorado on holiday with his wife on New Year's Day. An official of his company said he had been freed on bail early today after being held for the past 12 days. Karni has been charged with "exporting, attempting to export or conspiring to export products with nuclear weapons applications" without the required export licence. He allegedly ordered "triggered spark gaps"- high-speed electrical switches that can be used as detonating devices in nuclear weapons - from hi-tech firm Perkin Elmer Optoelectronics, in Massachusetts. A newspaper in Denver, the Rocky Mountain News, reported that the parts are on a US government list of items that may not be shipped to certain countries, including Pakistan, without a special US export licence. The licence was intended to stem the proliferation of nuclear weapons. He allegedly sent the order for the parts from South Africa through an export company in New Jersey. Karni was formally charged with violating two laws - the Export Administration Act and the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. Jeff Dorschner, a spokesman for the US Attorney in Colorado, said the charge sheet also alleged that Karni had "structured the transaction in a way that concealed his true purpose". He alleged Karni claimed in export documentation that the parts were destined for a hospital in South Africa, when he "well knew" they were destined for Pakistan. This action had resulted in a further charge of submitting false or misleading information on an export declaration. The Rocky Mountain News confirmed that the triggered spark gaps could in fact be used to destroy kidney stones. But Perkin Elmer had said that no hospital had ever ordered more than a handful of them and even the largest hospitals had very few. Karni had allegedly ordered 200 and had received and sold the first consignment of 66. Dorschner said Karni had been "in federal custody", but would not say where. Karni's company in Cape Town is Top-Cape Technology CC in Green Point. A spokeswoman for Karni said his arrest had caused an outcry among the Jewish community. The woman, who did not give her full name, described Karni as "honest and full of integrity". She said he was a "very religious man" and that he had served as an acting rabbi. A "huge sum of money" had been donated to secure Karni's bail. A "prominent" US rabbi had flown to Colorado to be a character witness. Karni appeared at a hearing at midnight SA time where a judge had to decide whether he should remain in custody or be released pending further legal proceedings. News of his release on bail came from Top-Cape early today. Karni's wife is described as "extremely distraught". In a statement last night, Karni's attorney in Cape Town said his client was an "unfortunate casualty of the 'orange alert' security situation in the US". Karni had had "no idea that the parts could be used for nuclear weapons ... has fully co-operated with the investigation ... and has made a full and frank disclosure of his business dealings all along to both South African and US authorities". Karni had been unaware he required a permit to export the parts from the US. He admitted to selling them to Pakistan, but said they had been destined for a hospital there. ©2004 The Cape Argus. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 12 Baltimore Sun: Time to strike a blow for energy efficiency sunspot.net - op/ed By Gigi Kellet and Ed Osann Originally published January 13, 2004 ACONFLUENCE of events has placed energy policy at the forefront of our national and state agendas over the last few years. The energy crisis in California and fluctuating oil and gas prices have forced decision-makers to examine our energy policy with much closer scrutiny. The Northeast's electricity blackout in August underscored the consequences of our overreliance on a large, unstable and overtaxed power system. The recurrence of these supply and transmission problems highlights the need for conservation and energy efficiency as well as moving toward renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power. Like most states, Maryland is facing tough fiscal times. Budget deficits are forcing many state programs to be curtailed, while an uneven economic recovery is forcing businesses and families to also cut back. At the same time, temporary rate caps on our electric bills soon will be lifted and natural gas prices have been increasing, further straining our budgets. Unfortunately, as our total energy consumption continues to grow, most of our energy needs are met either by polluting fossil fuels or inherently risky nuclear sources. Every unnecessary kilowatt we consume because of inefficiency puts our health and environment at additional, unnecessary risk. Maryland's energy consumption, unchecked, will require the construction of more power plants and transmission lines to meet our energy needs and put us further down the road of overreliance on environmentally and economically unsustainable energy sources. One way to combat these trends is to make use of new technologies that can reduce energy consumption and lower energy costs. Energy efficiency is the cheapest, fastest, cleanest way to address our energy needs. Many products on the market today allow us to perform the same tasks with less energy, offering us some win-win opportunities to save money and reduce pollution. New equipment such as commercial air conditioners, commercial clothes washers, traffic lights and ceiling fans can reduce consumer energy bills and reduce air pollution. Other states have established standards for several of these products, and Maryland could easily adopt such standards as well. The General Assembly took a modest step last year to encourage energy efficiency when it passed the Maryland Energy Efficiency Standards Act. This bill would establish energy efficiency standards for nine categories of new appliances and commercial equipment purchased in the state beginning in 2005. These efficiency standards for new products would save Marylanders $600 million by 2020 and help protect the environment by avoiding the emissions resulting from energy production and consumption. But Gov. Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. vetoed this popular bill, which enjoyed the support of businesses such as Baltimore Gas and Electric Co. The General Assembly will consider an override of that veto this week. If it becomes law, this bill will help Maryland's utilities balance their power loads by reducing peak summer electric use in Maryland by over 200 megawatts in 2010 and by over 400 megawatts in 2020. The electricity saved in 2010 alone would be enough to meet the needs of about 75,000 typical Maryland households that year. Through 2020, these energy savings would reduce the emissions of harmful nitrogen oxides by over 2 million pounds per year while making significant reductions in emissions of gases that contribute to smog and global warming. The General Assembly has the opportunity to once again promote this much-needed energy efficiency measure. Our leaders in Annapolis have indicated their support for a legislative override of the governor's veto. While an override is extremely rare, Maryland's constitution provides this important tool for the legislature to act when a preponderance of opinion - 60 percent of the members in each chamber - favors such action. The Maryland Energy Efficiency Standards Act takes a common-sense approach to improve the reliability of our electricity system, reduce pollution emissions into our air and the Chesapeake Bay and save Marylanders money. Its enactment would be welcome throughout the state. Gigi Kellett is an energy advocate with the Maryland Public Interest Research Group (MaryPIRG). Ed Osann is Maryland representative for the Natural Resources Defense Council. 2004 by The Baltimore Sun. ***************************************************************** 13 ic Wales: Concern over Soviet weapons Jan 13 2004 The deal involved Europe's biggest Soviet army weapons cache, Russia's prime minister and the leader of a separatist enclave in Moldova known as a gunrunner's haven. As described in a confidential 1998 agreement obtained by The Associated Press, Russia and Trans-Dniester would share profits from the sale of "unnecessary" arms and ammunition chosen from 40,000 tons of material stored in an arms depot in the breakaway region. The transaction is only one piece of an arms-dealing puzzle in Trans-Dniester where the decade-old depot also contained hundreds of portable surface to air missiles until last month - when concerns they could end up in terrorists' hands prompted Russia to announce it had withdrawn them. A former Moldovan official says the tiny region even was the repository of rocket-mounted "dirty bombs," or warheads designed to scatter deadly radioactive material that have gone missing. That widely publicised claim remains unresolved, with officials not even sure the dirty bombs ever existed. But an AP investigation involving interviews with a dozen officials and experts reinforced suspicions that Trans-Dniester is a hotbed of legal and illegal weapons transactions that are largely unregulated. Moldova's western neighbour, Romania, shares that view. Trans-Dniester is a "black hole of trans-border organised crime, including drug smuggling, human trafficking and arms smuggling," Romanian Foreign Minister Mircea Geoana told AP. Weapons from Trans-Dniester have turned up in Chechnya, Georgia's breakaway Abkhazia region, and in the hands of insurgents in Africa, a government minister of another country in the region told AP. The official spoke on condition he not be identified further. Experts say that just about every sort of weapon is available. "If I were in search of most commodities related to weaponry ... this would be the place to go," said William Potter, director of the Centre for Non-proliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute for International Studies in California. "Even if I did not find the weaponry, I would find the individuals who could get me that weaponry." Reputed gunrunning sources include arms and ammunition from the huge Soviet army depository near the northern town of Kolbasna - including tens of thousands of assault rifles and other small arms and weaponry attractive to terrorists. The depository is guarded by Russian peacekeepers. Additionally, at least six factories are believed to be churning out grenade and rocket launchers, Makarov pistols and Kalashnikov assault rifles, mortar tubes and other relatively low-tech weapons under contract to the Russian military - and possibly skimming off surplus production to sell to arms dealers, diplomats in the region told AP. Some, like Tiraspol's Tochlitmash and Elektromash, are believed to be dual use plants, with civilian and secret military production lines. Ruslan Slobodeniuk, whose business card identifies him as Trans-Dniester's "deputy foreign minister," said Elektromash - a Soviet-era factory in Tiraspol spouting smoke and steam from all corners into the winter skies - made only transformers. "We are ready to show our factories to journalists," he told the AP. Authorities did not respond to a request for a tour of Elektromash. The 1998 arms deal between Russia and Trans-Dniester involved the Soviet army repository - 40,000 tons of ordnance, arms and ammunition dumped in this remote speck of south-eastern Europe in the early 1990s as the Soviet Union broke up and Moldova became independent. The negotiators: then-Russian Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin and Igor Smirnov, self-named president of the separatist enclave. Moscow and Tiraspol, Trans-Dniester's capital, would split profits from the sale of "unnecessary weapons, ammunition, military assets and materials," according to the 1998 agreement that bears their signatures. There seems to be no public record of the deal but Russian and Western officials confirmed its existence to the AP as part of a one-page memorandum on what to do with the huge weapons cache - Europe's largest. It was superseded a year later by a pact providing for a full withdrawal to Russia of all military equipment. One Russian official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said his understanding was that the deal was never enacted, but Western diplomats were sceptical, saying nobody will ever know how much of what was sold, to whom, or at what price in that one-year window - or the criteria used to determine what was "unnecessary." The authoritarian Smirnov has answered to no one since breaking Russian-speaking Trans-Dniester away from Moldova in 1992 after a brief war, sparked by fears that Moldova would seek reunification with Romania. Tiraspol is caught in a Soviet-era time warp, left over from Moldova's former Soviet republic status. Located between Romania and Ukraine, Moldova was part of Romania until 1940 and most people speak Romanian or Ukrainian. Trans-Dniester, however, was never part of Romania. Some Trans-Dniester soldiers sport fur hats with the Red Star emblem, and creaky Volga sedans vie for parking spots with Western cars on the cracked pavement lining crude "bloks" - ugly prefab apartment blocks of raw concrete badly in need of repair. There are still about 2,000 Russian troops in the breakaway region, officially acting as peacekeepers. Business dealings by Smirnov associates often include smuggling of all kinds -including weapons by the truckload, say diplomats and experts. Though less than two hours by air from most European capitals and only 50 miles to the south-east of Chisinau, Trans-Dniester is as inaccessible as some of the continent's most remote regions. To the east lie 250 miles of border with Ukraine. Unguarded fields are broken by thick stretches of fir and bisected by twisting dirt paths where a truck could surreptitiously slip away en route to the Black Sea port of Odessa and an outlet to hotspots in Asia, the Middle East and elsewhere. Customs officials at the three major international crossing points are corrupt, as are those at railway crossings, say diplomats in the region, all speaking on condition of anonymity. Oazu Nantoi, a well-connected former Moldovan government official in Chisinau, cites the example of a senior Ukrainian customs official in conversation with his Moldovan counterparts in 2001. "After some quantity of vodka, the official said: 'Guys, pay us Ł1.2 million a week, and we'll close the borders"' to illegal traffic, Nantoi said, citing an official present at the talks. "'All it takes is Ł1.2 million a week -cash."' Almost as porous are the unofficial borders to Moldova, bordered to the west by Romania. Both countries are high on the list of Europe's most corrupt nations. Illustrating the depth of the smuggling problem even at controlled crossing points, a Moldovan examination two years ago of temporary customs stamps used by Trans-Dniester found 350 counterfeit versions. Smirnov's son, Vladimir, heads the Trans-Dniester customs service. He is also said to be the major silent partner in Sheriff, the enclave's business consortium with fingers in everything from Trans-Dniester's mobile phone network, to gas stations, supermarkets and the still-growing gargantuan sports complex on Tiraspol's outskirts. Western diplomats estimate the sports complex has already cost Ł108 million -twice as much as Moldova's annual budget. Nantoi, who now runs the non-governmental Institute for Policy Studies in Chisinau, asserts Trans-Dniester was the repository of dozens of dirty bombs -warheads designed to scatter deadly radioactive material - which now are missing after years of storage near Tiraspol military airport. Nantoi showed AP what he said was a Russian military document dated Oct. 18, 1994, urging "prohibition" of work with the warheads - 24 ready to use, 14 dismantled - because of dangerous radiation. Another document from May of that year recorded the "burning and burying" of uniforms contaminated by high radiation. Nantoi said reports reached him in 1998 that Alazan rockets - inaccurate, short range missiles typically used by the Soviets for weather experiments - had been fitted with warheads modified to carry radioactive material. The rockets and warheads since appeared to have disappeared from storage. "I could not discover what had happened to them," he said. Moldova's government has declined comment. Valery Litzkai, who acts as Trans-Dniester's "foreign minister," described the dirty bomb reports as a "smear campaign." "There are no weapons here," he told AP. Potter, of the Monterey Institute, said some former Soviet government officials believed the documents could be authentic but considered it unlikely that Russian units would keep such crude weapons "considering their access to much more sophisticated weaponry." Dismissing the dirty bomb allegations as just one part of an anti-Trans-Dniester campaign, Litzkai and other Trans-Dniester officials assert there have been no major finds of weapons in terrorist hands that can be proven to have come from their enclave. Still, even they cannot deny evidence of arms trading. Moldovan police four years ago halted a truck leaving Trans-Dniester. Inside were Russian-made anti-aircraft missiles, detonators, plastic explosives, members of Trans-Dniester's army, and Lt. Col. Vladimir Nemkov, a deputy commander of Russian peacekeepers in the enclave. Other officials denied the incident ever happened. Litzkai confirmed the incident but suggested it was a setup. Asked about Nemkov's whereabouts now, Litzkai shrugged, then paused for effect. "He disappeared." icWalesTM is a trade mark of Trinity Mirror Plc. ***************************************************************** 14 People's Daily: Sino-US statement on nuclear energy conducive to cooperation : FM Last updated at: (Beijing Time) Tuesday, January 13, 2004 The statement on the peaceful use of nuclear energy is conducive to Sino-US cooperation in this field, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Kong Quan said Tuesday. The statement on the peaceful use of nuclear energy is conducive to Sino-US cooperation in this field, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Kong Quan said Tuesday. The document was jointly signed Monday by visiting US Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham and Zhang Huazhu, chairman of the China Atomic Energy Authority. It aims to increase cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy, nuclear non-proliferation, and counter-terrorism between China and the United States, Kong said. By stating the mutual desire and setting the fields of cooperation, the document will exert a positive influence in the region and the world, the spokesman said. Copyright by People's Daily Online, all rights reserved ***************************************************************** 15 [epa-impact] Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Diablo Canyon Power Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 10:48:55 -0500 (EST) http://www.epa.gov/fedreg/EPA-IMPACT/2004/January/Day-13/index.html http://www.epa.gov/fedreg/ ======================================================================= [Federal Register: January 13, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 8)] [Notices] [Page 2012-2013] >From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr13ja04-104] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION [Docket Nos. 50-275 and 50-323] Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Diablo Canyon Power Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2; Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is considering issuance of an exemption from title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR) part 50, section 50.68 for Facility Operating License Nos. DPR-80 and DPR-82, issued to Pacific Gas and Electric Company (the licensee), for operation of the Diablo Canyon Power Plant (DCPP), Unit Nos. 1 and 2, respectively, located in San Luis Obispo County, California. Therefore, as required by 10 CFR 51.21, the NRC is issuing this environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact. Environmental Assessment Identification of the Proposed Action The proposed action would exempt the licensee from the requirements of 10 CFR 50.68, ``Criticality Accident Requirements,'' for handling the 10 CFR part 72 licensed contents of the Holtec HI-STORM 100 Cask System. The proposed action is in accordance with the licensee's application dated October 8, 2003, as supplemented on November 25, 2003. The Need for the Proposed Action 10 CFR 50.68(b)(1) sets forth the following requirement that must be met, in lieu of a monitoring system capable of detecting criticality events: Plant procedures shall prohibit the handling and storage at any one time of more fuel assemblies than have been determined to be safely subcritical under the most adverse moderation conditions feasible by unborated water. The licensee is unable to satisfy the above requirement for handling of the 10 CFR part 72 licensed contents of the Holtec HI-STORM 100 Cask System. Section 50.12(a) allows licensees to apply for an exemption from the requirements of part 50 if the regulation is not necessary to achieve the underlying purpose of the rule and other conditions are met. The licensee has stated that compliance with 10 CFR 50.68(b)(1) is not necessary for handling the 10 CFR part 72 licensed contents of the cask system to achieve the underlying purpose of the rule. Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Action The NRC has completed its evaluation of the proposed action and concludes [[Page 2013]] that the exemption described above would continue to satisfy the underlying purpose of 10 CFR 50.68(b)(1). The details of the staff's safety evaluation will be provided with the letter to the licensee approving the exemption to the regulation. The proposed action will not significantly increase the probability or consequences of accidents, no changes are being made in the types or amounts of effluents that may be released off site, and there is no significant increase in occupational or public radiation exposure. Therefore, there are no significant radiological environmental impacts associated with the proposed action. With regard to potential nonradiological impacts, the proposed action does not have a potential to affect any historic sites. It does not affect nonradiological plant effluents and has no other environmental impact. Therefore, there are no significant nonradiological environmental impacts associated with the proposed action. Accordingly, the NRC concludes that there are no significant environmental impacts associated with the proposed action. Environmental Impacts of the Alternatives to the Proposed Action As an alternative to the proposed action, the staff considered denial of the proposed action (i.e., the ``no-action'' alternative). Denial of the application would result in no change in current environmental impacts. The environmental impacts of the proposed action and the alternative action are similar. Alternative Use of Resources The action does not involve the use of any different resource than those previously considered in the Final Environmental Statement for the Diablo Canyon Power Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, dated May 1973. Agencies and Persons Consulted On December 15, 2003, the staff consulted with the California State official, Mr. Steve Hsu of the Radiologic Health Branch of the California Department of Health Services, regarding the environmental impact of the proposed action. The State official had no comments. Finding of No Significant Impact On the basis of the environmental assessment, the NRC concludes that the proposed action will not have a significant effect on the quality of the human environment. Accordingly, the NRC has determined not to prepare an environmental impact statement for the proposed action. For further details with respect to the proposed action, see the licensee's letter dated October 8, 2003, as supplemented on November 25, 2003. Documents may be examined, and/or copied for a fee, at the NRC's Public Document Room (PDR), located at One White Flint North, Public File Area O1 F21, 11555 Rockville Pike (first floor), Rockville, Maryland. Publicly available records will be accessible electronically from the Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS) Public Electronic Reading Room on the Internet at the NRC Web site, http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html. Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC PDR Reference staff by telephone at 1-800-397-4209 or (301) 415-4737, or by e-mail to pdr@nrc.gov. Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 7th day of January 2004. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Stephen Dembek, Chief, Section 2, Project Directorate IV, Division of Licensing Project Management, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. [FR Doc. 04-680 Filed 1-12-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ------------------------------------------ You are currently subscribed to epa-impact as: NEWS@ENERGY-NET.ORG To unsubscribe, send a blank email to leave-epa-impact-46782Y@lists.epa.gov OR: Use the listserver's web interface at https://lists.epa.gov/cgi-bin/lyris.pl to manage your subscription. For problems with this list, contact epa-impact-Owner@lists.epa.gov ------------------------------------------ ***************************************************************** 16 Rutland Herald: Vt. Yankee settlement questioned January 13, 2004 By SUSAN SMALLHEER Herald Staff MONTPELIER - Members of the Public Service Board Monday questioned the proposed $20 million Entergy Nuclear settlement, suggesting that the Legislature should be involved in how the money is spent and that more benefit should be felt in southern Vermont. Entergy Nuclear reached the $20 million settlement with the Douglas administration in November, finally gaining state support for the controversial 20 percent power increase at Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant. After saying for months that the project did not meet state criteria for "public good," since the state's utilities and ratepayers could be left holding the bag if the reactor proved less reliable under the power increase, the Department of Public Service endorsed _the controversial project. Under the settlement, Entergy could contribute up to $20 million over nine years, including $8 million toward Gov. James Douglas' Clean and Clear Water Initiative, whose main goal is ridding Lake Champlain of algae. Additionally, $4.5 million could be paid out to Vermont utilities to cushion rate shock in the event the plant does shut down unexpectedly because of the power increase, and $2.1 million would be used to help Vermonters with their heating bills. Finally, $200,000 would be spent on economic development and marketing. The deal has been criticized for not targeting the benefit toward Vermonters who bear the burden of living with a nuclear reactor in their neighborhood. Entergy Nuclear is expected to clear $20 million in profit on the additional 110 megawatts of power, the state has estimated. Deena Frankel, an analyst with the Department of Public Service, said the department had sought some economic benefit from Entergy, since the new power is not expected to be used by Vermont ratepayers. "Is this some version of 'The Price is Right?'" asked Raymond Shadis, staff adviser to the anti-nuclear New England Coalition. Frankel, who did not participate in the settlement negotiations, was asked by Chairman Michael Dworkin whether there should be a "linkage" between Entergy's settlement and the residents near the plant. "Some benefit should be assigned there," Dworkin said. "The department's MOU (memorandum of understanding) doesn't offer any." Frankel said that 60 percent of the Clean and Clear Water funds would be eligible for statewide projects, and southern Vermont projects are free to apply. "The board can make a different choice," she said. Dworkin, along with fellow members David Coen and John Burke, asked why other people, including the Legislature, weren't consulted in the decision on how the money would be spent. Burke questioned whether members of the Legislature wouldn't reduce any state appropriation to the cleanup of Lake Champlain to reflect the Entergy cash. The bulk of the $8 million is targeted for one of Gov. James Douglas' new pet projects, the Clean and Clear Initiative, which is targeted at cleaning up phosphorus in Lake Champlain, but will also include environmental work throughout the state. Immediately after the deal was announced in November, House Speaker Rep. Walter Freed, R-Dorset, and Senate President Pro Tem Peter Welch, D-Windsor, called a press conference and criticized the deal as not doing anything to help the Vermont communities that live with Vermont Yankee day in and day out. They suggested the money be used toward economic development in that section of the state. Dworkin said that the Public Service Board, which must approve the $20 million settlement, really didn't have the expertise in state budget matters that the Legislature did. And Dworkin pointed out that it appears that Entergy Nuclear doesn't care where the money is spent by state government, and is mostly concerned about the timing of the payments. The $20 million could prove to be less than that amount; it is based in large part on the plant's generating record in the next several years. Frankel was on the stand for the bulk of the day. Also testifying Monday in the first of four days of hearings on the $60 million-plus project was Arnold Gunderson, a former nuclear industry executive turned whistleblower, who is concerned that the 31-year-old reactor can't withstand the additional pressures of the additional power generation. Attorneys for Entergy Nuclear had tried to get most of Gunderson's testimony thrown out; he is testifying on behalf of the New England Coalition, a Brattleboro-based anti-nuclear group. But the board ruled that Gunderson's testimony, along with that of two other New England Coalition experts, David Lochbaum of the Union of Concerned Scientists of Washington, D.C., and Paul Blanch, another nuclear industry executive/whistleblower, would be heard. Gunderson, who now teaches at Burlington High School, had prepared a blistering critique of the so-called power uprate and its environmental effects, saying that the state had failed to do even a baseline environmental review of the effects. Burke questioned Gunderson on his testimony, in which he stated that Vernon schoolchildren - the elementary school is across the street from the plant - would receive increased doses of radiation because of the power increase. Gunderson said that one way the children would be more vulnerable was from the expected dry storage of spent nuclear fuel in canisters outside the plant. Those canisters or casks emit radiation, Gunderson noted. Vermont Yankee will run out of storage for its old fuel in 2008, and the power increase is expected to make that shortage even worse. Gunderson also noted that he and the other New England Coalition witnesses had to sort through 390,000 pages of documents, which Entergy had initially failed to turn over. He noted that Entergy officials had their own concerns about "fuel reliability." The reliability of the plant's operation is a big factor in the power increase; other reactors which have recently increased power ran into costly reliability problems. Gunderson also pointed out that a chemical biocide - glutaraldehyde - that Entergy Nuclear plans on using in its cooling towers, could aggravate schoolchildren's asthma and he noted that the manufacturer advised against "generating aerosols and mists." The biocide would be contained in the large plumes of steam that come out of the plant during the warmer months. Because the plant would be generating additional heat in the power increase, Gunderson noted that an additional 200,000 gallons of water containing the biocide would be pumped into the Vernon countryside a day. Entergy Nuclear attorney Victoria Brown argued that Gunderson, Lochbaum and Blanch's testimony was not timely nor relevant. But when it came for Brown's turn to cross examine Gunderson to try to rebut his statements, she asked him a minimum of questions. Contact Susan Smallheer at susan.smallheer@rutlandherald.com. Copyright © 2003 and Barre-Montpelier ***************************************************************** 17 Xinhuanet: Russia welcomes DPRK readiness for freezing nuclear activities www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2004-01-13 19:51:33 MOSCOW, Jan. 13 (Xinhuanet) -- Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov welcomed on Tuesday the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's (DPRK) readiness to freeze its nuclear activities and urged the United States to respond "constructively." "We welcome Pyongyang's readiness to freeze its nuclear program,Ivanov said in the Mongolian capital of Ulan Bator, where he was on an official visit." "Undoubtedly, this is a step forward, which allows us to hope for a constructive response from the United States," he was quotedby the Itar-Tass and Interfax news agencies as saying. Pyongyang said that it is set to refrain from testing and producing nuclear weapons and stop operating nuclear power industry for a peaceful purpose as first-phase measures of the package solution. US Secretary of State Colin Powell has called Pyongyang's announcement "a positive step" which may help concerned parties toresume talks designed to settle the nuclear issue. Ivanov expressed satisfaction over Powell's response, saying "this can provide a sound foundation for continuing the negotiatingprocess." Ivanov repeated Russia's stance on the settlement of nuclear problem on the Korean Peninsula through "exclusively peaceful means and through negotiations taking mutual concerns into consideration." "A nuclear-free Korean Peninsula, the peninsula's further participation in the nuclear nonproliferation regime, the securityof all states located there, and the development of peaceful cooperation in North-East Asia are the interests of Russia and other countries," Ivanov said. Enditem Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 18 Toronto Star: Bruce unit's return to service short-lived TheStar.com - Tue. Jan. 13, 2004. | Updated at 08:06 PM Nuclear reactor shut down 3 days after restart Had been idled since '98; could be back up today JOHN SPEARS BUSINESS REPORTER The latest nuclear reactor to return to service from a prolonged shutdown has been forced to shut down again after three days of operation. Unit 3 at the Bruce A nuclear station shut down at 6:15 a.m. yesterday, said Duncan Hawthorne, CEO of Bruce Power LP, which operates the plant. He said the shutdown was triggered when sensors detected electric current leaking from an electric cable in a heat pump. The malfunction triggered the unit's shutdown system, which drops shutdown rods into the reactor core. The rods halt the nuclear reaction by absorbing neutrons, which are the particles that split uranium atoms in the reactor fuel. But Hawthorne said the problem is "not a big deal" and should be quickly corrected. Unit 3 had been taken out of service in 1998 along with the three other units at Bruce A. Unit 4 returned to service in October. There are no current plans to restart the two remaining units. Unit 3, which can churn out up to 750 megawatts of power, was running at about 50 per cent power when the shutdown was triggered, Hawthorne said. A 750-megawatt plant can supply about 250,000 homes. Coincidentally, Bruce Power had been preparing for a mandatory test of the shutdown system when yesterday's shutdown was triggered. The test, which monitors the reactor's behaviour during a shutdown, is required by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. Because the monitoring equipment for the test was in place, yesterday's real-life shutdown should be able to provide the same data as a test shutdown, Hawthorne said. "It just means that we started the test earlier than we thought we would." The safety commission will examine the reactor's performance before the reactor is permitted to power up again, but Hawthorne said the unit could be back in service today. Both Bruce Power and Ontario Power Generation Inc. have taken longer than expected in returning nuclear reactors to service after long lay-ups. Bruce Power had hoped to get both units 3 and 4 back in service last spring. Ontario Power Generation was nearly three years late returning the first reactor to service at its Pickering A station, shut down in 1997. Legal Notice: Copyright Toronto Star Newspapers Limited. All ***************************************************************** 19 Brattleboro Reformer: VY hearings turn to cash, pollution January 13, 2004 Brattleboro, VT By TOBY HENRY Reformer Staff MONTPELIER -- As the last round of Public Service Board hearings on Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant's proposed power increase began Monday, discussions focused on the distribution of $20 million and a witness's testimony that the boost could spread industrial poisons. James Matteau, executive director of the Windham Regional Commission, directed his questions to the Department of Public Service's consumer affairs director, Deena Frankel, in trying to sketch out which state organizations would benefit from the $20 million that Yankee owner Entergy has agreed to pay. According to an agreement reached with the department last year, Entergy will provide the money to a variety of state projects, including $10 million for Lake Champlain clean-up efforts, in exchange for the department's support of a 20-percent power boost for the Vernon plant. The department had previously withheld its support on the grounds that the "uprate" did not provide a clear economic benefit for Vermonters. The Lake Champlain clean-up money has generated some criticism from Matteau and Brattleboro area residents, who have argued that it would make more sense to spend the money on the Connecticut River, whose water the 31-year-old plant uses for cooling. Frankel told Matteau that 60 percent of the "environmental benefit fund" would go to sources throughout the state. Pressed for an example, she cited only the state's Better Backroads program, an initiative to help preserve gravel roads near lakes. Matteau also said he wondered why the state Agency of Natural Resources was not "present and accounted for," noting that, according to state regulations in Act 248, the agency is directed to appear as a party and provide evidence in decisions which may have an effect on statewide environmental issues. In conversations during a board recess, Matteau said he was considering filing an objection to the ANR's absence. Later, former nuclear executive Arnie Gundersen, a witness for the anti-nuclear New England Coalition, said drift from the plant's cooling tower could increase after the power is increases. On at least one occasion, the plant has used nalco, an anti-bacterial agent containing gluteraldehyde, to keep down the growth of micro-organisms in its cooling system, and Gundersen warned that a post-uprate plant could distribute quantities of the chemical in excess of the state limit of 0.2 parts per million. In December, Entergy itself submitted evidence that there would be an increase in drift with greater power output. Gundersen said that as the "plume" of steam rises from the plant's cooling tower, the chemical, which can cause skin irritation and breathing problems, would eventually reach a dust-like, pure form after the water has evaporated. Nalco is not recomended for situations where it is likely to be dispersed in this aerosol manner, he said, adding that it could spread over a three-quarter-mile area that would encompass the nearby Vernon Elementary School. Responding to questions from board member John Burke, Gundersen said the drift eliminator on the plant's tower array, a device used to limit the speed and spread of the plume, is probably already "maxed out" at the present power level. A drift eliminator with a higher operating capacity could help limit the spread of the disperesed chemical, Gundersen said. Board Chairman Michael Dworkin later said he was concerned that the costs to ratepayers in the event of a plant shutdown before the operating license expires in 2012 could run very high. Dworkin said that calculations indicate increased ratepayer costs of $15 million to $21.1 million for a shutdown of the plant in the last 18 months of its operating life. He added that these shutdown estimates assume that dry cask storage -- a method of storing nuclear waste on-site -- will have been granted to the plant, even though the plant has yet to apply for such a permit. If the plant does not pursue a dry-cask storage application, it may have to close before the end of the decade because it has exhausted all available space in its on-site spent fuel pool. Dworkin noted that the high ratepayer expenses associated with such a situation should create "a significant degree of concern." Associated Press ***************************************************************** 20 Globe and Mail: Electrical problem closes down Bruce reactor [globeandmail.com] Tuesday, Jan. 13, 2004 By MARTIN MITTELSTAEDT After being restarted on Thursday following a six-year shutdown, one of Ontario's nuclear reactors abruptly closed yesterday morning because of an electrical fault. The problem occurred at the Bruce nuclear generating station, where a short circuit in a cable caused the plant's unit three reactor to unexpectedly go off-line. The reactor was mothballed in 1998 after years of poor operating performance. Company officials at Bruce Power say they hope to restart the reactor again today, but the shutdown comes at a sensitive time. Ontario is about to face its worst cold snap in years, with two of the province's other 15 nuclear reactors off-line for repairs or planned maintenance. In total, the three plants have enough capacity to meet the needs of about 700,000 homes. The provincial agency that operates Ontario's power market, the Independent Electricity Market Operator, says it expects near record electricity usage later this week if temperatures turn out to be as cold as forecast, but it says generating plants should be able to handle these needs without brownouts or blackouts. "We're not anticipating any problems meeting that demand," spokesman Terry Young said. Ontario has had tight power supplies for much of the past two years and extreme weather usually causes nervousness about shortages. But Mr. Young said Ontario can import power to meet high demand and shortage fears should be eased because utilities have expanded generating capacity by about 7 per cent in the past year. Besides the unit three reactor, another reactor at Bruce is not running because of equipment problems, and a third reactor, at the Pickering station operated by Ontario Power Generation, has been disconnected from the electricity grid since November for routine maintenance. Environment Canada, in its latest five-day forecast, is predicting blustery temperatures dipping to -25 degrees on Thursday in the Toronto area and even lower in other parts of the province. Bruce Power spokesman Steve Cannon blamed unit three's shutdown on a short circuit in an electrical cable connected to a pump, which caused a circuit breaker to trip. "This was not a major problem," he said. He said the company has regulatory approval to operate the reactor at about 50 per cent of full power while it is being restarted and that he expects station operators to turn the power plant back on today . Bruce's unit eight reactor is currently shut to repair what the company calls "erosion" in three steam generators. Mr. Cannon says these repairs have been completed and that the company is waiting for approval from federal nuclear regulators to restart the reactor. Ontario Power Generation idled its No. 6 reactor at Pickering for regular maintenance in November. © 2004 Bell Globemedia Publishing Inc. All Rights Reserved. ***************************************************************** 21 NRC: Draft Regulatory Guide; Issuance, Availability FR Doc 04-678 [Federal Register: January 13, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 8)] [Notices] [Page 2014] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr13ja04-106] [[Page 2014]] The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has issued for public comment a proposed revision of a guide in its Regulatory Guide Series. Regulatory Guides are developed to describe and make available to the public such information as methods acceptable to the NRC staff for implementing specific parts of the NRC's regulations, techniques used by the staff in evaluating specific problems or postulated accidents, and data needed by the staff in its review of applications for permits and licenses. The draft guide is temporarily identified by its task number, DG- 7003, which should be mentioned in all correspondence concerning this draft guide. Draft Regulatory Guide DG-7003, ``Standard Format and Content of Part 71 Applications for Approval of Packaging for Radioactive Material,'' is the proposed Revision 2 of Regulatory Guide 7.9. This revision is being developed to provide guidance on the preparation of applications for approval of packaging to be used for the shipment of Type B and fissile radioactive material. This draft guide has not received complete staff approval and does not represent an official NRC staff position. Comments may be accompanied by relevant information or supporting data. Written comments may be submitted by mail to the Rules and Directives Branch, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555; or they may be hand-delivered to the Rules and Directives Branch, Office of Administration, at 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD. Copies of comments received may be examined at the NRC Public Document Room, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD. Comments will be most helpful if received by March 9, 2004. You may also provide comments via the NRC's interactive rulemaking web site through the NRC home page (http://www@nrc.gov">http://www@nrc.gov). This site provides the ability to upload comments as files (any format) if your web browser supports that function. For information about the interactive rulemaking web site, contact Ms. Carol Gallagher, (301) 415-5905; e-mail CAG@NRC.GOV. For technical information about Draft Regulatory Guide DG-7003, contact Ms. N.L. Osgood at (301) 415-8513 (e- mail NLO@NRC.GOV). Although a deadline is given for comments on these draft guides, comments and suggestions in connection with items for inclusion in guides currently being developed or improvements in all published guides are encouraged at any time. Regulatory guides are available for inspection at the NRC's Public Document Room, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD; the PDR's mailing address is USNRC PDR, Washington, DC 20555; telephone (301) 415-4737 or (800) 397-4209; fax (301) 415-3548; e-mail PDR@NRC.GOV. Requests for single copies of draft or final regulatory guides (which may be reproduced) or for placement on an automatic distribution list for single copies of future draft guides in specific divisions should be made in writing to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555, Attention: Reproduction and Distribution Services Section, or by fax to (301) 415-2289; e-mail DISTRIBUTION@NRC.GOV. Telephone requests cannot be accommodated. Regulatory guides are not copyrighted, and NRC approval is not required to reproduce them. (5 U.S.C. 552(a)) Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 22nd day of December 2003. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Mabel Lee, Director, Program Management, Project Development and Support, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. [FR Doc. 04-678 Filed 1-12-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-U ***************************************************************** 22 NRC: Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station; Notice of Withdrawal of FR Doc 04-679 [Federal Register: January 13, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 8)] [Notices] [Page 2011-2012] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr13ja04-102] Application for Amendment to Facility Operating License The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (the Commission) has granted the request of FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Company (the licensee) to withdraw its December 17, 2001, as supplemented by letter dated June 4, 2002, application for proposed amendment to Facility Operating License No. NPF-3 for the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, Unit No. 1, located in Ottawa County, Ohio. The proposed amendment would have modified the facility technical specifications (TS) pertaining to TS 3/4.3.1, ``Reactor Protection System (RPS) Instrumentation,'' to delete an Action involving either reducing core thermal power and the high neutron flux reactor trip setpoint, or monitoring quadrant power tilt when an RPS channel is inoperable. Additionally, changes were [[Page 2012]] proposed to the content and format of TS Tables 3.3-1 and 4.3-1 to enhance TS clarity. The Commission had previously issued a Notice of Consideration of Issuance of Amendment published in the Federal Register on November 25, 2003 (68 FR 66136). However, by letter dated November 26, 2003, the licensee withdrew the amendment request. For further details with respect to this action, see the application for amendment dated December 17, 2001, as supplemented by letter dated June 4, 2002, and the licensee's letter dated November 26, 2003, which withdrew the application for license amendment. Documents may be examined, and/or copied for a fee, at the NRC's Public Document Room (PDR), located at One White Flint North, Public File Area O1 F21, 11555 Rockville Pike (first floor), Rockville, Maryland. Publicly available records will be accessible electronically from the Agencywide Documents Access and Management Systems (ADAMS) Public Electronic Reading Room on the internet at the NRC Web site, . Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC PDR Reference staff by telephone at 1-800-397-4209, or 301-415-4737 or by email to . Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 5th day of January, 2004. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Stephen P. Sands, Project Manager, Section 2, Project Directorate III, Division of Licensing Project Management, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. [FR Doc. 04-679 Filed 1-12-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-U ***************************************************************** 23 NRC: Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Diablo Canyon Power Plant, FR Doc 04-680 [Federal Register: January 13, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 8)] [Notices] [Page 2012-2013] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr13ja04-104] Unit Nos. 1 and 2; Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is considering issuance of an exemption from title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR) part 50, section 50.68 for Facility Operating License Nos. DPR-80 and DPR-82, issued to Pacific Gas and Electric Company (the licensee), for operation of the Diablo Canyon Power Plant (DCPP), Unit Nos. 1 and 2, respectively, located in San Luis Obispo County, California. Therefore, as required by 10 CFR 51.21, the NRC is issuing this environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact. Environmental Assessment Identification of the Proposed Action The proposed action would exempt the licensee from the requirements of 10 CFR 50.68, ``Criticality Accident Requirements,'' for handling the 10 CFR part 72 licensed contents of the Holtec HI-STORM 100 Cask System. The proposed action is in accordance with the licensee's application dated October 8, 2003, as supplemented on November 25, 2003. The Need for the Proposed Action 10 CFR 50.68(b)(1) sets forth the following requirement that must be met, in lieu of a monitoring system capable of detecting criticality events: Plant procedures shall prohibit the handling and storage at any one time of more fuel assemblies than have been determined to be safely subcritical under the most adverse moderation conditions feasible by unborated water. The licensee is unable to satisfy the above requirement for handling of the 10 CFR part 72 licensed contents of the Holtec HI-STORM 100 Cask System. Section 50.12(a) allows licensees to apply for an exemption from the requirements of part 50 if the regulation is not necessary to achieve the underlying purpose of the rule and other conditions are met. The licensee has stated that compliance with 10 CFR 50.68(b)(1) is not necessary for handling the 10 CFR part 72 licensed contents of the cask system to achieve the underlying purpose of the rule. Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Action The NRC has completed its evaluation of the proposed action and concludes [[Page 2013]] that the exemption described above would continue to satisfy the underlying purpose of 10 CFR 50.68(b)(1). The details of the staff's safety evaluation will be provided with the letter to the licensee approving the exemption to the regulation. The proposed action will not significantly increase the probability or consequences of accidents, no changes are being made in the types or amounts of effluents that may be released off site, and there is no significant increase in occupational or public radiation exposure. Therefore, there are no significant radiological environmental impacts associated with the proposed action. With regard to potential nonradiological impacts, the proposed action does not have a potential to affect any historic sites. It does not affect nonradiological plant effluents and has no other environmental impact. Therefore, there are no significant nonradiological environmental impacts associated with the proposed action. Accordingly, the NRC concludes that there are no significant environmental impacts associated with the proposed action. Environmental Impacts of the Alternatives to the Proposed Action As an alternative to the proposed action, the staff considered denial of the proposed action (i.e., the ``no-action'' alternative). Denial of the application would result in no change in current environmental impacts. The environmental impacts of the proposed action and the alternative action are similar. Alternative Use of Resources The action does not involve the use of any different resource than those previously considered in the Final Environmental Statement for the Diablo Canyon Power Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, dated May 1973. Agencies and Persons Consulted On December 15, 2003, the staff consulted with the California State official, Mr. Steve Hsu of the Radiologic Health Branch of the California Department of Health Services, regarding the environmental impact of the proposed action. The State official had no comments. Finding of No Significant Impact On the basis of the environmental assessment, the NRC concludes that the proposed action will not have a significant effect on the quality of the human environment. Accordingly, the NRC has determined not to prepare an environmental impact statement for the proposed action. For further details with respect to the proposed action, see the licensee's letter dated October 8, 2003, as supplemented on November 25, 2003. Documents may be examined, and/or copied for a fee, at the NRC's Public Document Room (PDR), located at One White Flint North, Public File Area O1 F21, 11555 Rockville Pike (first floor), Rockville, Maryland. Publicly available records will be accessible electronically from the Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS) Public Electronic Reading Room on the Internet at the NRC Web site, . Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC PDR Reference staff by telephone at 1-800-397-4209 or (301) 415-4737, or by e-mail to . Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 7th day of January 2004. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Stephen Dembek, Chief, Section 2, Project Directorate IV, Division of Licensing Project Management, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. [FR Doc. 04-680 Filed 1-12-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 24 NRC: Tennessee Valley Authority, Notice of Receipt of Application for FR Doc 04-681 [Federal Register: January 13, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 8)] [Notices] [Page 2012] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr13ja04-103] Renewal of Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant, Units 1, 2 and 3, Facility Operating License Nos. DPR-33, DPR-52, and DPR-68 for an Additional 20- Year Period The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC or Commission) has received an application, dated January 6, 2004, from the Tennessee Valley Authority, filed pursuant to Section 104b of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and 10 CFR part 54, to renew Operating License Nos. DPR-33, DPR-52, and DPR-68 for the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant, Units 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Renewal of the licenses would authorize the applicant to operate the facilities for an additional 20-year period. The current operating licenses for the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant, Units 1, 2 and 3, expire on December 20, 2013, June 28, 2014, and July 2, 2016, respectively. The Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant, Units 1, 2 and 3, are boiling-water reactors designed by General Electric Corporation, and are located in Limestone County, Alabama. The acceptability of the tendered application for docketing, and other matters, including an opportunity to request a hearing, will be addressed in subsequent Federal Register notices. Copies of the application are available for public inspection at the Commission's Public Document Room (PDR), located at One White Flint North, 11555 Rockville Pike (first floor), Rockville, Maryland, or electronically from the Publicly Available Records (PARS) component of the NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System (ADAMS) under accession number ML040060355. The ADAMS Public Electronic Reading Room is accessible from the NRC web site at . In addition, the application is available on the NRC web page at , while the application is under review. Persons who do not have access to ADAMS or who encounter problems in accessing the documents located in ADAMS, should contact the NRC's PDR Reference staff at 1-800-397-4209, 301-415-4737, or by email to . The staff has also verified that a copy of the license renewal application for the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant, Units 1, 2 and 3 has been provided to the Athens-Limestone Public Library, at 405 South Street E, Athens, Alabama, 35611. Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 7th day of January, 2004. For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Pao-Tsin Kuo, Program Director, License Renewal and Environmental Impacts, Division of Regulatory Improvement Programs, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. [FR Doc. 04-681 Filed 1-12-04; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 7590-01-P ***************************************************************** 25 NRC: SUNSHINE ACT MEETING FR Doc 04-766 [Federal Register: January 13, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 8)] [Notices] [Page 2013] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr13ja04-105] Agency Holding the Meeting: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. DATE: Weeks of January 12, 19, 26, February 2, 9, 16, 2004. Place: Commissioners' Conference Room, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland. Status: Public and closed. Matters to be Considered: Week of January 12, 2004 Wednesday, January 14, 2004 9:30 a.m. Briefing on Status of Office of Chief Information Officer Programs, Performance, and Plans (Public Meeting). (Contact: Jacqueline Silber, (301) 415-7330). This meeting will be webcast live at the Web address--http://www.nrc.gov. Week of January 19, 2004--Tentative Wednesday, January 21, 2004 1:30 p.m. Discussion of Security Issues (Closed--Ex. 1). Week of January 26, 2004--Tentative There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of January 26, 2004. Week of February 2, 2004--Tentative There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of February 2, 2004. Week of February 9, 2004--Tentative There are no meetings scheduled for the Week of February 9, 2004. Week of February 16, 2004--Tentative Wednesday, February 18, 2004 9:30 a.m. Briefing on Status of Office of Chief Financial Officer Programs, Performance, and Plans (Public Meeting). (Contact: Edward L. New, (301) 415-5646). *The schedule for Commission meeting is subject to change on short notice. To verify the status of meetings call (recording)--(301) 415- 1292. Contact person for more information: Timothy J. Frye, (301) 415- 1651. * * * * * Additional Information By a vote of 3-0 on January 6, the Commission determined pursuant to U.S.C. 552b(e) and Sec. 9.107(a) of the Commission's rules that ``Affirmation of SECY-03-0224 (Sequoyah Fuels Corp; State of Oklahoma's Petition for Review of LBP-03-25)'' be held on January 8, and on less than one week's notice to the public. * * * * * The NRC Commission Meeting Schedule can be found on the Internet at: http://www.nrc.gov/what-we-do/policy-making/schedule.html. * * * * * This notice is distributed by mail to several hundred subscribers; if you no longer wish to receive it, or would like to be added to the distribution, please contact the Office of the Secretary, Washington, DC 20555 (301) 415-1969). In addition, distribution of this meeting notice over the Internet system is available. If you are interested in receiving this Commission meeting schedule electronically, please send an electronic message to dkw@nrc.gov. Dated: January 8, 2004. Timothy J. Frye, Technical Coordinator, Office of the Secretary. [FR Doc. 04-766 Filed 1-9-04; 12:06 pm] BILLING CODE 7590-01-M ***************************************************************** 26 Germant Plants Centers For Nuke Plant Accident Victims Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 21:20:17 -0500 News magazine Der Spiegel reported in an advance copy of its Monday issue that Germany planned to establish seven centers across the country in which people in a radius of up to 100 kilometers (60 miles) could be treated in case of a nuclear emergency. If it's good enough for Germany it should be good enough for the USA and the other 42 countries with NPPs as well as those countries within 10,000 miles of any other country with an NPP- Chernobyl fallout caused officials in Oregon to warn the public not to rely on rain water if that were their man source of drinking water. This being 7,000 to 8,000 downwind of Chernobyl. Write your local papers and and ask why if Germany is doing this, your community, state, province, prefecture, country, etc. isn't doing so. Not to beat a dead horse but most people, other species and the rest of the environment are nuclear guineapigs to the nuclear industry. Military connection or not. http://www.spacewar.com http://snipurl.com/3shj http://www.spacewar.com/2004/040111164235.3sourdwz .html Germany buys anti-radiation pills for people near nuclear plants BERLIN (AFP) Jan 11, 2004 Germany has bought 137 million potassium iodide tablets to protect people living near nuclear power plants from radiation exposure in case of disaster, the environment ministry said Sunday. A ministry spokesman said the move was unrelated to current terrorism fears but was based on a recommendation by radiation protection authorities. Potassium iodide is thought to protect the thyroid gland from absorbing radiation. News magazine Der Spiegel reported in an advance copy of its Monday issue that Germany planned to establish seven centers across the country in which people in a radius of up to 100 kilometers (60 miles) could be treated in case of a nuclear emergency. The majority of the tablets would be available at such centers. Germany has agreed to phase out its 19 nuclear power plants over the next two decades due to safety concerns. All rights reserved. Copyright 2003 Agence France-Presse. ***************************************************************** 27 Vaccines Linked to Gulf War Syndrome Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 11:47:07 -0600 (CST) Forwarded with Compliments of Government of the USA in Exile (GUSAE): Free Americans Proclaiming Total Emancipation and Working Towards Democracy. NOTE: Thanks to truthout.org for this. -- kl, pp Secret Document Links Vaccines to Gulf War Syndrome: Report Agence France-Presse Monday 12 January 2004 Medical problems linked to the war in Iraq, dubbed Gulf War syndrome, were probably caused by vaccines administered to soldiers before their departure to the region, according to the findings of a medical report revealed in British newspaper The Times. The confidential report by senior army specialist Lieutenant Colonel Graham Howe, who examined a British soldier who suffered osteoporosis and depression after the Gulf War, found that "secret" injections he received prior to his expected deployment to the Gulf "most probably led to the development of autoimmune-induced osteoporosis". The theory has added credibility as the soldier in question, ex-Corporal Alex Izett, did not end up going to the Gulf as his regiment, based in Germany, was not deployed there. Last year Izett was granted a 50 per cent invalidity pension by the British War Pensions Agency, the newspaper reported. The Defence Ministry, while denying the vaccine claim, has not challenged that award. A copy of the medical report, dated September 22 2001 but never made public, was revealed to the paper by Izett himself. Gulf War Syndrome is a term popularly applied to a vast range of symptoms, from memory loss, chronic fatigue and dizziness to swollen joints, depression and lack of concentration. About 100,000 US troops as well as thousands of British, Canadian and French troops who took part in the 1990-1991 operation against Iraq have reported one or more of these problems. But the British Government has refused to recognise its existence. Veterans' groups on both sides of the Atlantic are convinced that a host of physical and psychological ailments are linked to military service during the 1991 war. About 45,000 British soldiers who served in the war were given wide-ranging vaccinations to help them cope with the possible effects of chemical or biological attack, which some doctors give as a reason for the host of symptoms the soldiers have displayed. =========================================================================== =============== ) : t r u t h o u t 2004 ***************************************************************** 28 EUpolitix - Nuclear battle underway MEPs on Tuesday invoked the wrath of green groups by voting through a controversial package of nuclear safety laws. Parliamentarians were voting on the first reading of three proposals on nuclear waste, nuclear installations, and loans for nuclear power stations. But environmentalists claim that the waste proposal promotes an â€out of sight, out of mind’ approach to nuclear waste, rather than looking for a long term solution. And they complain that parliament has taken out a clause in the safety proposal that would have obliged member states to set up a separate legal fund to cover the cost if decommissioning nuclear power plants. “The European parliament has fallen into transport commissioner Loyola de Palacio’s PR trap”, said a spokesman for environmental group Greenpeace. “They are supporting an empty directive on safety and a dangerous one on waste.” European Commission sources say the package will in any case probably not make it to a council meeting before the new member states join in May, when it may be even harder to push through. The proposals may in any case run into difficulty with member states’ governments, with the UK, Germany, Sweden and Finland forming a blocking minority to prevent it being approved. Commission sources say that Italy may soon increase the size of this minority by adding its objection to the chorus. And after enlargement Lithuania and the Czech Republic look likely to support the objectors. Concerns centre around fears that the nuclear package may compromise the powers of national nuclear authorities. Published: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 14:26:47 GMT+01 Emily Smith “The European Parliament has fallen into transport commissioner Loyola de Palacio’s PR trap." Greenpeace ©2004 EUpolitix.com ***************************************************************** 29 [CMEP] Yucca Mountain Court Date January 14 and Chair of Yucca Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 15:18:50 -0600 (CST) ***please forward widely*** ***apologies for cross-posting*** January 13, 2004 this email contains two (2) items: an alert and a statement. *** A L E R T *** DC Circuit Court of Appeals to Hear Yucca Mountain Oral Arguments January 14 The culmination of nearly two decades of fighting by the State of Nevada and environmental groups from around the country against the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain will take place tomorrow with three hours of oral arguments in a courtroom in Washington, DC. The arguments will cover six separate cases which have been consolidated and deemed "complex" by the court, allowing more time than usual for the three-judge panel to ask questions. The legal briefs for the arguments have already been submitted, which is why such a complex topic can be covered in such a short time. Public Citizen is a co-plaintiff in the case against the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, charging that in drawing site boundaries, the EPA violated the Nuclear Waste Policy Act, the Energy Policy Act, and the Safe Drinking Water Act; EPA arbitrarily gerrymandered the Yucca site boundary to meet radiation release standards; and the rule arbitrarily limits the regulatory compliance period to a time that precedes the time of the known peak hazard from the repository. Attorney Geoff Fettus, with the Natural Resources Defense Council, is representing the environmental groups in this case. While the verdicts are unlikely to be known for as long as six months, a victory in any of the six cases could force the U.S. Department of Energy to abandon Yucca Mountain as a potential site for a high-level nuclear waste repository. We are optimistic. For more information on the six cases, see a summary prepared by the State of Nevada posted at: http://www.citizen.org/cmep/energy_enviro_nuclear/nuclear_waste/hi-level/yucca/ articles.cfm?ID=10882 For more information on why DOE's Yucca Mountain plan is so dangerous, go to: http://www.citizen.org/cmep/energy_enviro_nuclear/nuclear_waste/hi-level/yucca/ ======================================== *** S T A T E M E N T *** Chair of Yucca Mountain Oversight Panel Resigns Over Conflict of Interest Keeping with this email's Yucca Mountain theme, we bring you a bit of older news that is still an important victory for independent oversight of DOE's efforts to store nuclear waste at Yucca. The Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board is an independent government panel. According to its website, www.nwtrb.gov, "Its sole purpose is to provide independent scientific and technical oversight of the U.S. program for management and disposal of high-level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel from civilian nuclear power plants." Following is a statement from Public Citizen on the resignation of Dr. Michael Corradini, the panel's chair, after he was accused of bias for testifying to Congress in favor of Yucca in 2001 and publishing a pro-Yucca opinion piece in a Wisconsin newspaper in October 2003. For Immediate Release Contact: Brendan Hoffman (202) 454-5130 Michele Boyd (202) 454-5134 January 1, 2004 Chairman's Resignation Good News for Good Science Statement by Wenonah Hauter Director, Public Citizen's Critical Mass Energy and Environment Program The resignation of Michael Corradini from the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board is a welcome resolution to the ongoing conflict-of-interest scandal. His clear bias in favor of Yucca Mountain as the site for the country's first permanent high-level nuclear waste repository, apparent even before his appointment, has tainted much of the good work done by the board's ten other members done over the past year and a half. As the only independent government panel studying the feasibility of the Yucca Mountain repository, an unbiased and critical eye is necessary to ensure the government's decision is supported by scientific evidence. Perhaps most regrettable is the fact that Corradini was appointed in the first place, even after having testifying to his support of the Yucca plan in front of Congress. It should not have taken him this long to resign after other board members began calling in April for that to happen, fearful that the panel's credibility and independence were in jeopardy. In appointing a new chairperson, President Bush should seek the input of the other NWTRB members. With the U.S Department of Energy's submittal of its Yucca Mountain license application expected in less than a year, we can't afford to waste time with more biased input. ### Public Citizen is a national, nonprofit consumer advocacy organization based in Washington, D.C. For more information, please visit www.citizen.org. ********** If you would like to be removed from the CMEP ListServ, send an email to listserv@listserver.citizen.org with the words "unsubscribe CMEP" in the message. Questions about the CMEP ListServ can be directed to CMEP-request@LISTSERVER.CITIZEN.ORG. To learn more about this and other Public Citizen Critical Mass Energy and Environment Program campaigns, visit our website at http://www.citizen.org/cmep/ -Public Citizen's Critical Mass Energy and Environment Program ***************************************************************** 30 Knox News: Waste site cleanup successful By News Sentinel staff January 13, 2004 The cleanup of a 20-acre waste site near the Y-12 nuclear weapons plant in Oak Ridge has significantly reduced the area's groundwater contamination, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. The environmental project involved the excavation of about 80,000 cubic yards of waste from the "Boneyard/Burnyard" area. The site is about a mile and a half west of the Y-12 National Security Complex. Hazardous wastes were burned and buried at the old site between 1943 and 1970, and over the years some of the materials leeched into the groundwater. DOE officials said the cleanup effort produced a measurable reduction in the amount of radioactive uranium in surface waters. Before the project, the average uranium concentration was 400 picocuries per liter of water. Ten months after the cleanup, that level had dropped to about 8 picocuries per liter, which is within drinking-water standards. "We are pleased that this remedy has performed as promised," DOE cleanup manager Steve McCracken said in a statement released to news media. Sevenson Environmental and STEP Inc. performed the cleanup tasks under subcontracts with Bechtel Jacobs Co., DOE's environmental manager in Oak Ridge. Copyright 2004, Knoxville News-Sentinel Co. ***************************************************************** 31 Salt Lake Tribune: Utah legislators get lots of freebies from lobbyists January 13, 2004 By Dan Harrie The Salt Lake Tribune What does electricity monopoly PacifiCorp have in common with Utah soda-pop distributors and radioactive-waste disposal company Envirocare? All put hired lobbyists on Utah's Capitol Hill during the annual legislative session and all are generous with freebies to state lawmakers. The three were among last year's Top 10 purveyors of free meals, Jazz tickets and golf rounds, according to financial disclosures filed by 5 p.m. Monday. The legal deadline for the filings is midnight; any report mailed to the state elections office with a Monday postmark will be considered filed in time. Utah Power parent PacifiCorp, which of late has scrambled to deflect a barrage of public animosity because of widespread power outages in December, spent $5,152.86 on goodies for legislators, making it the No. 4 big spender. The Utah Soft Drink Association was second, plying lawmakers with more than $11,000 worth of food and (nonalcoholic) drink during its annual legislative reception. And Envirocare ranked ninth, spending $3,064.61 on meals and a couple of tickets to political and business fund-raisers for legislators. As usual, the University of Utah was the top gift-giver, laying out some $18,190.62 for lawmakers and other officials, including school trustees. The single biggest expense is the school's annual legislative chili bash. But it also doles out a fair share of free basketball and football tickets. Individual lobbyists who sell their persuasive powers to lots of different clients also made the list. Rob Jolley -- who represents such corporate giants as AT and Qwest -- was the third most prolific spender by picking up the tab for $5,724.06 worth of food and entertainment for state officials. Former state Sens. Blaze Wharton and Paul Rogers, who now are partners in a lobby firm, spent more than $8,000 between them. But the lobbyists for such interests as Delta Air Lines, The Boyer Co. and Salt Lake County Mayor Nancy Workman reported separately, so the two ranked in the No. 6 and 7 spots, respectively. The Deseret Morning News was the No. 8 on the list, giving away $3,375 worth of newspapers on Capitol Hill. Utah law allows unlimited spending by lobbyists on elected officials, just as it permits campaign contributions without restriction. Lobbyist spending easily topped $100,000, the bulk of it during the 45-day annual legislative session in January and February. Rep. Ralph Becker, D-Salt Lake City, once again is proposing to try to plug the dike of lobbyist gift-giving -- a measure he has pushed for several years without success. This time he has changed his legislation from an outright ban on such gifts to one limiting them to a value of no more than $15. That way, lawmakers still could allow lobbyists to pick up the check for dinner or lunch. But Jazz tickets and other more expensive goodies would be taboo. The limit is structured as a rule rather than a law, so it would apply only to House members. Becker notes his bill has passed the House twice before only to be ditched in the Senate. "We shouldn't be beholden either in reality or in appearance based on the gifts lobbyists give to us," said Becker. A few lobbyists privately support the notion of limits. "Some tell me they are tired of expectations from legislators that they get freebies all the time, " Becker said. The Top 10 University of Utah $18,190.62 Utah Soft Drink Association $11,000-plus Rob Jolley $5,724.06 PacifiCorp (Utah Power) $5,152.86 Utah State University $5,000-plus Blaze Wharton and Paul Rogers $8,000-plus, combined The Deseret Morning News $3,375 Envirocare $3,064.61 Utah Bankers Association $2,942 Copyright Salt Lake City Tribune ***************************************************************** 32 Las Vegas SUN: Nevada set to make final Yucca stand Today: January 13, 2004 at 11:15:29 PST By Suzanne Struglinski WASHINGTON -- Nevada's 20-year fight against Yucca Mountain will come down to three hours of arguments before the U.S. Court of Appeals in Washington on Wednesday. The state's legal team will argue that three federal agencies and Congress moved a proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca forward while violating a variety of federal laws and the U.S. Constitution. Lawyers for the agencies say there were no violations. The state has already lost its battle in Congress, which approved the site in 2002, so now it turns to the legal arena where a new set of rules applies. "The beginning of our legal fight marked the end of Yucca Mountain being a political pawn and placed the issue of Yucca Mountain, of nuclear waste, into the hands of federal court that does not have the bias of the nuclear industry," Rep. Shelley Berkley, D-Nev., said. "We can be treated no worse by the judges than we have by the Department of Energy and President Bush." The state, along with Las Vegas and Clark County in some cases, has challenged the Environmental Protection Agency, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Energy Department on several legal issues, trying to stall or kill the construction and operation of Yucca Mountain as a nuclear waste dump. The appellate court is expected to hear six lawsuits during a three-hour hearing Wednesday morning. The state and other groups are claiming that the government has violated the Constitution by forcing the nuclear dump on Nevada; has violated several laws regulating clean water and nuclear waste; and has changed the rules about Yucca Mountain to put the repository in Nevada. It's a case that could break the government's case or further pave the wave for nuclear waste to come to Nevada. The state has spent at least $100 million fighting Yucca Mountain and has been preparing for these cases since 1982. "We didn't just throw something at the ceiling and see what would stick," said Joe Egan, the Washington-area attorney who will argue three of Nevada's six legal challenges. "We had a lot more things we could have done, but we picked what we thought we would have a chance of winning." Egan said if the court sides with the state in any instance it could mean the end to the Energy Department's plans to store 77,000 tons of nuclear waste at Yucca, 90 miles northwest of Las Vegas. Nevada's attorneys expect a decision sometime before the end of the year, and regardless of the outcome, expect the issue to move to the Supreme Court. "I think this is a serious forum in which Nevada and the environmental community can raise their objections to a process that has been governed by politics rather than by law and science," said Geoffrey Fettus, an attorney with the Natural Resources Defense Council. Fettus will argue the case against the Environmental Protection Agency the NRDC and six other environmental groups filed. Egan, appointed Nevada's Special Deputy Attorney General in September 2001, spent the last few days making final preparations for the courtroom appearance, but he was extremely confident he was more than ready for the case. "We are like track athletes in the starting block, we are ready," Egan said. All the attorneys arguing for Nevada's six legal challenges held an all-day practice session Monday to make sure everything was in place. The length of the argument, before federal Judges Harry Edwards, Karen LeCraft Henderson and David Tatel, is a rare occurrence. The court was originally supposed to hear the case in October, but then pushed the hearing back and put the cases on the "complex" docket, which allow for more time in the courtroom. "I'm personally not aware of the court having ever considered a greater number of cases dealing with the same issue," Egan said. The state's constitutional case was filed a little over a year ago, but some cases against the Energy Department were brought in December 2001. Nevada has lost previous attempts to get judicial relief. Bob Loux, executive director of the Nevada Agency for Nuclear Projects said the deemed earlier arguments too premature since the Energy Department had not reached all its conclusions yet. But now with the department's recommendation and Congress' approval of the plan almost two years old, the court will have to wade through complex legal questions to determine if the site can move forward. Rep. Jim Gibbons, R-Nev., described the politics behind nuclear waste as "incredibly complex" since no one wants to keep the waste in their state. "The court doesn't look at politics, it doesn't look at the emotional side of the issue," he said. "It looks at compliance with the law. The effort with the court has a much better chance because the facts and the law are on our side." Rep. Jon Porter, R-Nev., called Wednesday a "pivotal day" for Nevada. " We are in good hands and I am confident that the attorney general will make a compelling and convincing argument to defeat Yucca Mountain from becoming the nation's repository for nuclear waste," Porter said in a prepared statement. "The political expediency of the past and callous disregard of science, health and safety will not prevail." Nevada officials are expecting a crowd at the hearing. Loux, Nevada Attorney General Brian Sandoval, Senior Deputy Attorney General Marta Adams along with the seven members of the Governors Commission on Nuclear Project, which include Las Vegas Councilman Larry Brown, Clark County Commissioner Myrna Williams and former U.S. Sen. Richard Bryan, D-Nev., all plan to attend the arguments. Judy Treichel, director of the Nevada Nuclear Waste Task Force, will also be in the courtroom Wednesday. The task force is a party in the case against the EPA. "We've been on the front lines for a long time and I want to see the battle," Treichel said. "We'll finally be able to get answers on the legal aspects of what's been going on here." Peggy Maze Johnson, executive director of Nevada-based Citizen Alert, also a party on the EPA case, will also be there. She said she felt "really positive" about the case and wanted to be sure to be in the courtroom to share the what happens with other people during town hall meetings planned for the spring. "It's been so long coming that I want to hear the arguments firsthand what the attorneys are saying," Johnson said. "I want to hear for myself what their arguments are." Meanwhile, the nuclear industry is watching the cases just as closely and is just as confident Nevada will not prevail. "This is another step in a long journey," said Bob Bishop, general counsel for the Nuclear Energy Institute. "No matter what happens, the result is not going to be the cancellation of the Yucca Mountain project and the naming of another site elsewhere." The NEI, whose membership is made up of commercial nuclear facilities, has lobbied in favor of Yucca Mountain. The nuclear plants want the government to take the spent nuclear fuel as promised decades ago. Bishop said Nevada thought it was going to prevail in Congress in 2002 but did not. "I anticipate Nevada will seek every avenue to make sure this doesn't happen," Bishop said. "Any time any agency takes an action they will likely sue." Bishop points to Nevada v. Watkins, a case decided in the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals more than 10 years ago. The suit challenged the '87 law that singled out Yucca as the only site to be studied as the spent fuel storage site. Nevada lost that case because the court rejected its constitutional arguments on the law. The Supreme Court denied an appeal. ***************************************************************** 33 RGJ: Citizen Alert contest winner a Yucca proponent RGJ.com" Reno Gazette-Journal 1/12/2004 10:28 pm McQueen High School senior Scott Shaffer doesn’t agree with opponents of the Yucca Mountain project, but it didn’t stop him from entering and winning the Citizen Alert art contest designed to raise awareness against the proposed nuclear waste repository in Southern Nevada. “I guess there’s some irony in that but I just like the art,” Shaffer, 17, said. “It’s not so much who sponsored the contest. What I like is expressing what I can show about Nevada.” U.S. Sen. John Ensign, R-Nev., and a strong opponent of the Yucca Mountain project, congratulated Shaffer and other 11 contest winners during a ceremony Monday afternoon at the Reno high school. Ensign said he had no idea that one of the students opposed his view but didn’t try to change the 17-year-old artist’s mind. “We talk to high school students all the time,” Ensign said. “We didn’t today because we don’t have the time.” Ensign posed for photos with the contest winners and praised the art work of the “Discover the Beauty Within” contest that began after former Gov. Bob Miller declared “Nevada is not a wasteland” when speaking in opposition of the Yucca Mountain project in 1997. “It’s important that we Nevadans help educate the rest of the county why we don’t think it is a good idea to ship their nuclear garbage to our state,” Ensign told the students. “Through your art, you are doing your part back here to raise awareness, and I am every impressed.” Although Ensign personally congratulated him, Shaffer said it would have been inappropriate to tell the senator about his opinions on the nuclear repository. “I was quite honored that someone as high as he is would come down here to see me,” Shaffer said. “It’s not like I was going down to his office to display my art. Since he came to see me, I wanted to welcome him, as much as I can. To show an opposing view would not have helped that much.” Shaffer was probably one of the few students honored who understood the political ramifications of the project, teachers said. The contest’s theme was to show the natural beauty of Nevada, not make a political statement, said third-grade teacher Leslie Zundel of Lina Juniper Elementary School. “In third grade, students have a global awareness of what is right and wrong,” said Zundel, whose students placed first and second in the kindergarten-third grade division. “They know that it is not OK to throw trash out of a car. As for the political aspect, I don’t think they understand that yet.” Ensign said he was pleased to see many northern Nevadans opposed the Yucca Mountain Project. “It’s like when southern Nevadans care about Lake Tahoe even though it is in Northern Nevada,” Ensign said. “And northern Nevadans are passionately against the nuclear dump even though it is in Southern Nevada. This ceremony today is about kids learning and being educated about Nevada — that we are all in this fighting together.” Shaffer’s political views have been partially shaped by family discussions, said his parents, Don and Claudia Schaffer of Reno. “We have dinner-table talk about current events, and the kids want to know where we stand on Yucca Mountain,” Don Shaffer said. “We’d prefer not to see a nuclear dump in our backyard, but I’ve been all over this state hunting, and there is a lot of space out there where nobody is going to inhabit or set up shop. If this can help bring economic growth to Nevada, that’s what we need as much as anything else.” Ensign’s visit to the school comes two days before a three-judge panel of a U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Washington, D.C. is expected to hear Nevada’s arguments in lawsuits to stop the project. Copyright Reno Gazette-Journal, a Gannett Co. Inc.Newspaper. Use ***************************************************************** 34 RGJ: Congress could have avoided court battle over waste dump RENO GAZETTE-JOURNAL 1/12/2004 11:20 pm Nevada has spent more than a decade fighting the federal government’s plan to dump nuclear waste below Yucca Mountain, 100 miles from Las Vegas. The battle that begins in a federal court in Washington, D.C., on Wednesday may be the most important, however. The state has put a lot of its anti-Yucca Mountain eggs in the judicial basket in recent years, spending $4 million on the legal battle in hopes of demonstrating that the project, foisted on Nevada by a politically pointed Congress in 1987, isn’t legal. The Energy Department originally was supposed to study three sites to determine which would be best for the radioactive waste that has been piling up at nuclear power plants — none of them in Nevada — for decades now. In a show of power by a Louisiana senator, however, Congress told the department to forget the rules and concentrate on a single site in Nevada. Since then, Nevada officials argue, the rules have been changed regularly to ensure that nothing will disqualify Yucca Mountain from becoming the nation’s nuclear waste dump. Will the court agree? We probably won’t know until summer. Regardless, however, we all will have paid a very high price for Congress’ decision to let politics, instead of science, rule. How much better it would have been had DOE been allowed to proceed as originally planned. Copyright Reno Gazette-Journal, a Gannett Co. Inc.Newspaper. Use ***************************************************************** 35 Enquirer Columbus Bureau: Ohio wins new uranium plant Tuesday, January 13, 2004 $1.5B project, 500 jobs go to Piketon By Spencer Hunt Enquirer Columbus Bureau COLUMBUS - In the conclusion of an economic duel between two states, Ohio beat Kentucky on Monday to get a $1.5 billion uranium enrichment plant that promises to create up to 500 high-paying new jobs. USEC Inc. chose to put the company's new enrichment technology project at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant in Piketon, a jobs-hungry community in southeast Ohio. USEC closed the plant more than two years ago. [map] The Piketon plant competed for the project with USEC's Paducah, Ky., facility, the nation's only operating uranium enrichment plant. The new plant will use a more-efficient technology to enrich uranium for use in nuclear power plant reactors. The Maryland-based company is the world's leading supplier of uranium fuel for nuclear power plants. The centrifuge process will be built at the sprawling 640-acre enrichment plant that has been idled since 2001. A test of the new process is scheduled for 2005 at Piketon, with full production expected by 2010. The decision promises economic revival for a region of Ohio that's been linked with nuclear power since the Cold War and is desperate for good-paying jobs. "You've just given this facility a new lease on life," Rep. Rob Portman, R-Ohio, told USEC executives, Gov. Bob Taft and other officials who gathered in Columbus to make the announcement. "We are going back to the future, back to a plant with a proud history and a proud work force." Portman worked for the past two years with other elected officials to help bring the new production technology to the eastern edge of his congressional district. It was a big win for Taft and development officials who promised more than $125 million in tax breaks, state grants and low-interest loans to entice USEC. Ohio has lost more than 100,000 manufacturing jobs since the recession began in 2000. Taft has made finding new jobs his top priority, committing more than $1 billion to create new high-tech businesses in Ohio over the next 10 years. "This announcement is tremendous news for southern Ohio," Taft said. "I want to commend everyone who had a role in making this happen." The Piketon plant began life in 1954, turning out enriched uranium for atom bombs. It was converted to produce uranium for commercial power plants in the 1960s. USEC shut down the plant more than two years ago in response to decreased worldwide demand for uranium. Operations were shifted to Paducah. The U.S. Department of Energy kept about 1,350 workers doing maintenance and environmental cleanup work. William Timbers, USEC's president and chief executive, said construction will begin in 2006 and create up to 300 construction jobs. Workers at the plant could expect to make an average of $24 an hour. The new plant comes two decades after the Energy Department spent $3 billion to develop the technology at the Ohio plant. The project was abandoned in favor of a different uranium enrichment method. Buildings and infrastructure once used for this project remain at the Ohio plant. The company chose its Ohio site over its Paducah plant largely because existing buildings from 1980s tests would reduce costs, Timbers said. Dan Minter, president of the Piketon workers' union, said USEC's decision will revive an area with 8 percent to 12 percent unemployment and a 26 percent poverty rate. "Those statistics tell you clearly we are well-advantaged to having additional jobs and not additional lost jobs," Minter said. The company will close its Paducah enrichment plant in 2010. There are about 1,200 USEC workers at Paducah. Kentucky Gov. Ernie Fletcher released a statement expressing his disappointment. "Kentucky made a competitive offer, but USEC ultimately decided Ohio was a better fit," Fletcher said. "Clearly, this is another example of how we must make Kentucky more competitive and attractive for these types of economic opportunities and job growth." Ohio lawmakers changed state laws to help pump up the tax incentives, grants and financing. Bruce Johnson, Taft's economic development director, said the state will recoup its lost tax revenues "in a few years." He said the state will take in roughly $1 million a year in taxes from new employees and jobs created by the factory. Greg Bauer, the mayor of Portsmouth, estimates that at least one out of every six Piketon workers will come from his town. "This should help with the economic bad news we've been dealing with here the past few years," Bauer said. Starts, stops, changes in direction mark uranium program in U.S. The Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant in Piketon, Ohio, has been operating for nearly 50 years. A look at the history of uranium production in the United States: 1940s - The U.S. government begins work on uranium enrichment as a defense initiative to produce material for the atomic bomb. The first gaseous diffusion plant, K-25, goes online in 1945 in Oak Ridge, Tenn. 1950s - Uranium conversion operations begin at a government-owned plant in Paducah, Ky., in 1952. That same year, Pike County, Ohio, is chosen for the new Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, which goes on line in 1954. Full production starts two years later. 1964 - The power industry begins buying lower-grade uranium from the Ohio and Kentucky plants for use in commercial nuclear power plants. 1976- The Department of Energy breaks ground at the Ohio plant on a $4.4 billion centrifuge technology plant, which would replace the gaseous diffusion process of enriching uranium. 1985 - Energy Dept. briefly tests, then abandons work on centrifuge technology in favor of another more promising uranium enrichment method: Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation process. Uranium enrichment operations cease at Tennessee plant. 1991 - The Ohio plant is reconfigured to eliminate its ability to produce military-grade uranium. 1993 - Russian Federation agrees to ship uranium from old warheads to the United States to be sold commercially to nuclear power plants. 1995 - First shipment of Russian uranium arrives at the Ohio plant. A plan for privatizing plant operator, the U.S. Enrichment Corp., is sent to President Clinton. 1996 - The Privatization Act is signed into law. 1998 - The government sells the government-owned corporation now known as USEC Inc. for $1.9 billion in a public stock offering. Stock for the Bethesda, Md.-based company finishes its first day at $14.25 a share. 1999 - USEC abandons the atomic vapor process after spending $100 million because it says additional work on the project would take too long, cost too much and provide too little profit. 2000 - Amid plunging stock prices, lower earnings and junk bond credit ratings, USEC announces it will shut down the Ohio plant. 2001 - USEC stops uranium enrichment operations at its Ohio plant and consolidates work at its Kentucky plant. About 530 workers lose their jobs. 2002- USEC moves shipping and transfer operations from Ohio to Kentucky; Energy Dept. renews its agreement with the company regarding the import of Russian uranium; Energy Dept. announces it will build plants in Ohio and Kentucky that will be used to convert spent uranium into a more stable form. 2003 - USEC announces it will open in Ohio by 2005 a 50-person facility to test centrifuge technology. 2004 - USEC announces it will open at its Ohio site a new commercial plant by 2010 that will employ 500 to enrich uranium using centrifuge technology. --The Associated Press Southern Ohio's uranium plant Facts about the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant in Piketon, Ohio: The $1.2 billion plant began production in 1954. It initially enriched uranium for nuclear weapons, but that mission changed in the 1960s to commercial nuclear power plants. The plant has 109 buildings on 640 acres, which USEC Inc. leases from the U.S. Energy Department's 3,708-acre site. Gaseous diffusion took place in three separate mile-long, 93-acre process buildings. The site was chosen Monday for the $1.5 billion plant to process uranium with centrifuge technology because it has existing infrastructure from a 1980s centrifuge testing project and stable seismic conditions. Centrifuge processing will take place in tall, spinning cylinders housed in two primary buildings of 7.5 acres each and a 20-acre assembly building. The site along the Scioto River was selected in 1952 based on its size and relatively flat terrain, the availability of large amounts of electrical power, a dependable source of water, local labor and suitable transportation routes. The plant was put on standby in 2001 when uranium enrichment operations were consolidated at Paducah, Ky. About 1,200 workers maintain it and do environmental cleanup. Piketon's population is about 1,900. --The Associated Press Gannett reporter Jim Siegel and the Associated Press contributed to this report. [Cincinnati.Com] Copyright1995-2004. The Cincinnati Enquirer, a Gannett Co. ***************************************************************** 36 Paducah Sun Editorial: Plant decision speeds up changes Paducah, Kentucky Tuesday, January 13, 2004 Editorial. NEW ERA An era in Paducah history came to an end Monday, with the announcement that USEC Inc. will build a gas centrifuge plant in Portsmouth, Ohio. The news was disappointing but not unexpected. Although local and state officials aggressively pursued the $1.5 billion project, hoping to keep USEC in Paducah, they were well aware that the Ohio site had several key advantages. Two decades ago, the federal government spent $3 billion in Portsmouth, in an abortive effort to develop centrifuge technology. The residue of that project — most notably, a large building designed to house gas centrifuges — gave Portsmouth a significant head start over Paducah. Further complicating Paducah's bid to land the plant was the cost of building the facility in a seismic zone. The New Madrid Fault hasn't produced a major earthquake in almost 200 years, but the need to reinforce the centrifuge buildings against the possibility of a big quake was a factor in Portsmouth's favor. The Paducah plant's history of efficient operations impressed USEC officials. In the end, however, the quality of the western Kentucky-southern Illinois workforce — and the community's strong and consistent support for the uranium enrichment industry — weren't enough to put Paducah over the top. Now western Kentucky must prepare for a future without one of the area's largest employers. When the Portsmouth centrifuge plant opens in 2010 or 2011, the Paducah facility will shut down. In the early 1950s, the opening of the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant helped to usher in the Atomic Age. The plant was a key part of the nation's defense industry and the anchor of western Kentucky's economy, providing more than 2,000 top-notch industrial jobs By the time USEC decided to move to the next generation in uranium enrichment technology, the nuclear industry and the Paducah area had undergone major changes. The former government facility was privatized in 1998. Since then USEC, struggling to maintain its position in a changing world market for processed uranium, has shut down its Portsmouth gaseous diffusion facility and eliminated more than 600 jobs in Paducah. Within the next few years, the number of workers employed in cleaning up the Paducah site will exceed the number of plant employees. In fact, the cleanup in Paducah will require a larger workforce — about 700, after a uranium waste conversion facility is built on the site — than the Portsmouth centrifuge plant. The cleanup jobs are temporary, but a realistic estimate is that it will take at least 15 years to remove most of the contamination from the site. In effect, western Kentucky has a double cushion against the impact of losing USEC — the length of time required to build the centrifuge plant and the cleanup operation, which provides jobs that compare in pay to the USEC jobs. It's important to note that the economy of the region is not as dependent on the enrichment plant as it was 20 years ago. The fact the local job market has absorbed the job losses at USEC and remained relatively strong bodes well for the future. Unquestionably, community leaders would rather face the future with the centrifuge plant than without it. But Portsmouth's gain does not spell disaster for western Kentucky. The region is entering a period of economic transition, much as it did in the early 1950s. During the 1950s heavy industry became the backbone of western Kentucky's economy, replacing agriculture. But the economy is a living, changing organism. In the shadow of the factories, the Paducah area began to grow new types of businesses. The health care industry emerged as a major employer. Retailers thrived on changing lifestyles and the increased mobility of consumers. The river industry strengthened its traditional position in the region's economy. In the computer age, diversification is the most important sign of economic health. The area's economy has diversified, but it needs to continue to grow and add more good employers. Local officials have worked hard to develop industrial parks and other incentives for industries to locate in the region. In time these efforts should begin to pay off. It's unlikely, however, that the region will be able to depend on a few major employers. The next era in Paducah history will be shaped by the area's overall economic climate, not by the decisions of a handful of corporate officials or political leaders. ***************************************************************** 37 Paducah Sun: Future impact of plant closure economically and job wise Paducah, Kentucky Tuesday, January 13, 2004 Impact of the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant 1,270 workers have a $251 million economic ripple effect on the region, based on a state model of how money turns over. High-paying manufacturing jobs have the greatest economic impact among nine industrial sectors. USEC is one of area’s highest-paying employers with estimated annual payroll and benefits of $123 million to $140 million. Breakdown: $97,000 to $110,000 per worker. USEC and employees evenly share $200,000 in annual charitable contributions. Last year, half the workers supported United Way, raising more than $100,000 at average $77 per worker. Plant spends $11 million to $13 million annually on goods and services supplied mostly by local business. $32,000 annually in business memberships. Factors affecting the Paducah plant job outlook in 2010 Plant probably will be phased out over a few years as gas centrifuge is phased in, so not all workers will immediately lose jobs. 73 percent of current plant workers will be eligible for full (519 people) or partial (427 people) retirement pension in 2010, assuming employment doesn't change. Currently, 34 percent are eligible. Since 1999, about 330 laid-off plant workers have obtained jobs with cleanup contractors that employ about 580. Plant is a complex Superfund site, and major cleanup will take until 2019 under a new state-federal agreement. A factory to convert 38,000 cylinders of plant uranium hexafluoride (UF6) waste into safer material will be built starting next spring. It will generate 100-150 construction jobs over two years and 150 operational jobs for 20 to 25 years. Industrial park improvements funded by the Energy Department through the Paducah Area Community Reuse Organization (PACRO) have helped save 1,150 jobs and created 45 jobs through low-interest loans for small businesses started by displaced nuclear workers. The money also has helped develop a regional industrial park in north Graves County. PACRO's desire to create jobs by recycling plant nickel is contingent on lifting of Energy Department ban on selling decontaminated scrap metal. ***************************************************************** 38 Paducah Sun: History of USEC Paducah, Kentucky Tuesday, January 13, 2004 1976: Department of Energy breaks ground at Piketon, Ohio, on a $4.4 billion gas centrifuge technology plant to replace the gaseous diffusion process of enriching uranium. 1985: DOE briefly tests, then abandons $1.5 billion in centrifuge work in favor of the more promising Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation process, or AVLIS. Uranium enrichment operations cease at Oak Ridge, Tenn. 1992: Congress creates government-owned U.S. Enrichment Corp. 1998: Government sells USEC for $1.9 billion in a public stock offering. 1999: USEC abandons $100 million in AVLIS research as not cost-efficient. Research turns to gas centrifuge. 2001: USEC closes Piketon enrichment plant and merges work with Paducah, the only plant of its type left running in the nation. 2002: USEC says a test gas centrifuge plant will be built in Piketon by 2004. 2003:USEC competitor Louisiana Energy Services seeks regulatory approval for a $1.2 billion gas centrifuge plant in New Mexico and signs contracts with several nuclear utilities to buy half the plant’s first 10 years of production. LES includes Urenco, a European firm using gas centrifuge for decades, and Exelon, USEC’s biggest customer and the largest nuclear utility in the nation. 2004: USEC picks Piketon over Paducah for a 500-job commercial gas centrifuge plant to replace the outdated Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant starting in 2010. Rationale: Piketon already has centrifuge buildings and lacks Paducah’s earthquake hazards. USEC intends to apply in August for a plant license. 2006-07: USEC must pay $500 million in federal debt from privatization and find a partner to share the $1.5 billion plant cost to begin construction. GASEOUS DIFFUSION: Used by the Paducah plant during nearly 52 years of operation, at peak requiring 2 billion watts of electricity daily, more than the state of Texas and twice that of St. Louis. The massive power — costing hundreds of millions of dollars annually, accounting for 55 percent of the plant’s total production expenses — is needed to run huge machinery in more than 300 acres of cavernous buildings to separate the useful and non-useful isotopes of uranium hexafluoride gas (UF6) for nuclear fuel. The gas is pushed through miles of piping containing billions of holes smaller than two-millionths of an inch. GAS CENTRIFUGE: Used in Europe for several decades, the process enriches UF6 by spinning it at high speeds in hundreds of tall cylinders. The Energy Department spent nine years building a centrifuge plant at Piketon, then abandoned it in 1985 after brief testing. The department was intent on developing a laser technology called AVLIS that later proved too costly and inefficient. USEC has decided to re-establish a 500-job gas centrifuge plant in Piketon to replace the Paducah diffusion plant by 2010. Centrifuge uses only about 5 percent of the power needed for the gaseous diffusion process and produces much less waste. ***************************************************************** 39 Paducah Sun: Cleanup, closure gutted Oak Ridge - Joe Walker jwalker@paducahsun.com--270.575.8650 Tuesday, January 13, 2004 When USEC closed the plant in Tennessee in 1985, only one-sixth the jobs remained at lower pay. They're still cleaning up. The same year the Department of Energy abandoned plans for gas diffusion plant in Oak Ridge, Tenn. "We went from 3,000 employees down to about 500 — boom," said Jimmy Hendrix, president of the plant nuclear workers' union when operations ceased in 1985. "We've been in a cleanup mode ever since." Because of the abrupt shutdown, uranium-enrichment machinery in the sprawling plant wasn't cleaned out. Despite continued efforts, major buildings are still unsafe for new industrial uses, said Hendrix, now a union regional representative. There is plenty of time to decontaminate the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, which won't close until at least 2010, Hendrix said. "The challenge you have in Paducah is to get those buildings clean. A customer is not going to come in if there's liability for cleanup." Oak Ridge cleanup jobs peaked at 1,000 around 1990 and are down to 800 now. Although the Energy Department says 400 more obs have been created by converting the plant into the East Tennessee Technology Park, Hendrix questions the numbers. "There have been some jobs created," he said. "But we went from $18- to $20-an-hour jobs down to $9 to $10 an hour." In October, the DOE inspector general criticized the agency's own program, run since 1996 through the Community Reuse Organization of East Tennessee (CROET). An audit said it was hard to confirm cost savings and noted that only a small part of the 1,300-acre complex was being used. As of late 2002, the Energy Department had paid British Nuclear Fuels $219 million to clean up three large plant buildings for reuse, but the report said reusing two of the buildings remained "highly questionable." It could verify only $4 million in cost savings out of $51 million spent with lead cleanup contractor Bechtel Jacobs since 1997. The report said the money probably should have been spent cleaning up and tearing down the most contaminated buildings. It recommended stopping cleanup funding for buildings other than those formally owned by CROET. Larry Clark, DOE industrialization director, said the 800 cleanup jobs exist because of the work in the three buildings, and the personnel are now highly trained. The areas will eventually be cleaned up and could attract a large employer that wants to be cost-efficient and favors a brownfield site, one that has been used for industry and then abandoned, over a new industrial park, he said. Clark said his group gained from the report, despite not agreeing with all its conclusions, and is working to implement some of the recommendations. "They're not in the business of painting a rosy picture and finding all the positives," he said. The audit came shortly before CROET, Bechtel Jacobs and the Energy Department received the 2003 Phoenix Award for solving environmental problems by converting the enrichment plant for other industrial use. The technology park houses nearly 40 firms ranging from cleanup to Dienamic Tooling Systems, which makes sheet metal stamping dies for the automotive industry. The park is divided into the Heritage Center, covering 125 main buildings, and the Horizon Center, a 1,000-acre greenfield site. Jim Campbell, president of the East Tennessee Economic Council, said the 400 new jobs are with private firms generally unrelated to the federal government. "Almost all of them are small operations with 10 to 15 people or fewer," he said. "The underlying message is it takes a lot of work and concerted effort by a lot of groups to lead to success." Abundant water, cheap power, rail service, highways and other factors that produced gaseous diffusion plants 50 years ago in Oak Ridge, Paducah and Piketon, Ohio, remain as recruiting tools for the outdated complexes if they can be cleaned up, Campbell said. "The circumstances Paducah is facing are different from ours," he said. "Hopefully DOE and its contractors up there (Paducah) will do the right things in preparing those sites for brownfield uses." Oak Ridge, a community built on technology, has growth advantages that Paducah doesn't have, such as Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the former Y-12 weapons complex, Campbell said. Hendrix said Paducah has powerful political clout on Capitol Hill, but has less plant land and far fewer nuclear spinoff businesses than Oak Ridge. "The bottom line is, I don't think there will be jobs created in the long run," he said. "They're all going to be short-term jobs. After that, you'll have people taking retirement." Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant Oak Ridge, Tenn. Stopped production in 1985, dropping the work force from about 3,000 to 500. Closed in 1987. More than 800 people now do cleanup work. Since 1996, plant has been marketed as East Tennessee Technology Park. Using Energy Department funding, park has attracted some 40 tenants, creating 400 jobs. Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant Piketon, Ohio Stopped production in 2001. Work force has dropped from 2,000 to 1,200 to keep the plant in "cold standby." Another 300 do cleanup work. Energy Department money has improved area industrial parks, creating 740 jobs, including 550 at one expanded local factory. ***************************************************************** 40 Paducah Sun: 2001 closure surprised Piketon community - Joe Walker jwalker@paducahsun.com--270.575.8650 Tuesday, January 13, 2004 community Officials there see Paducah's shutdown as less abrupt because Dan Minter graduated from high school in the early 1980s, when uranium near Piketon, Ohio, a town of 1,700 in the Appalachian foothills. He remembers community elation over preserving $40,000-a-year jobs through the gas centrifuge process and bitter disappointment when the government abandoned it in 1985 as too costly. Minter went on to work at the 1950s-era Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, just outside Piketon, that centrifuge was supposed to replace. He saw employment peak in the 1980s at 3,200, and was president of the nuclear workers' union when the plant closed in 2001 as USEC Inc. merged operations with Paducah. Ironically, USEC returned to gas centrifuge — a process used for three decades in Europe — as the technology of the future. "Since about 1998, we had had an operating plan that required both (Piketon and Paducah) plants until at least 2005," Minter said, referring to a commitment by USEC President and Chief Executive Office William "Nick" Timbers. But in a nuclear disarmament deal, USEC began importing enough cheap enriched uranium from the former Soviet Union to displace one of the plants, Minter said. "That's when the apple cart got turned over." The mothballed centrifuge buildings are chiefly why USEC has chosen Piketon for a 500-job gas centrifuge plant to replace the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant by about 2010. Compared with Piketon's fast-track closing, Paducah has more time, a stronger economy and a better chance to replace the 1,270 enrichment jobs with other work, notably in environmental cleanup, Minter said. "Paducah's situation won't be as abrupt, whereas with us it was almost turning the switch off," he said. "Paducah's environmental challenges appear to be greater than ours. That makes cleanup more lengthy and costly, which you would think would mean more employment needs." Employment dropped from 1,700 to 1,200 when the Piketon plant closed in 2001. The 1,200 remain to keep the factory in what the government calls "cold standby." Three hundred others work for cleanup contractors, about the same number as when the plant closed, Minter said. He thinks that when the Paducah plant closes, it will be put on standby as the only backup plant to centrifuge, and the Piketon diffusion plant will be taken out of service. That would preserve more Paducah jobs than if the Paducah plant were shut down, he said. Through the Southern Ohio Diversification Initiative (SODI), community leaders hired a marketing firm to help displaced Piketon workers find jobs. Coordinator Jennifer Chandler said SODI has used more than $14 million in Energy Department and USEC money to leverage $2.3 million more in government funding. The money has created 740 jobs paying $5 to $6 an hour less than those at the Piketon plant, she said. Some former plant workers got management jobs with other companies. Despite the efforts, Pike County unemployment hovers around 9 percent, twice the state average. "Closure is a tough thing," Chandler said. "It's going to be difficult, but the Paducah plant will be operating until the end of the decade. You'll have a lot more time than we did." SODI invested money in a four-county area in buildings, industrial parks and a small-business revolving loan fund. About 100 new jobs are entrepreneurial, and 640 are industrial. Mill's Pride, a cabinet maker, generated 550 of the industrial jobs by expanding in a Pike County industrial park. Ninety jobs sprang from a foreign-trade zone in a greenfield site in nearby Ross County, Chandler said. "It's hard to estimate how many lost jobs were replaced," said Minter, SODI vice president. "We have a poverty rate of 26 percent, and our household income is less than $25,000 a year. A lot of folks have to drive 60 to 100 miles to find income that's even remotely equivalent." An Ohio State University study determined that for every 10 lost enrichment jobs, 11 other jobs dried up in places such as convenience stores, car lots and medical offices, he said. Minter said the Paducah plant has plenty of buildings, scrap metal and "a city worth of professionals" to market, not to mention work done by the Paducah Area Community Reuse Organization to help industrial parks. "I would only argue that you can never plan too soon," he said. "We thought we had until 2005 before any decision to shut down our plant would ever take place." ***************************************************************** 41 Paducah Sun: Employees unsure of future but not surprised - Paducah, Kentucky Tuesday, January 13, 2004 Some gaseous diffusion plant workers see too many variables that could change the situation before 2010. By Shelley Street, The Paducah Sun Molly Harper mharper@paducahsun.com--270.575.8650 Monday's announcement that a $1.5 billion gas centrifuge plant would be built in Ohio was no surprise for USEC Inc. employees, but some stressed many changes could come before the Piketon plant's scheduled opening. "I don't think we should definitely consider this a death knell for the plant," said Phillip Foley, who takes over today as president of Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical and Energy Workers Local 5-550. "It's not as if they're going to go pull the plug in six years and that will be the end of it." Several people questioned USEC's ability to afford the $1.5 billion Piketon plant. "One and a half billion dollars is quite a bit of money in this day and time," said Marshall Pullen, who has been a materials handler for 30 years. "We're just waiting." The plant's future is also dependent on continued uranium deals with Russia, Foley said. "Some people believe that this will just blow over," instrument and computer mechanic Marty Logsdon said. "I'm more of a pessimist. When they say they're going to do this, I believe it." Other businesses might eventually show interest in the plant's buildings, including a machine shop and fabrication shop, Foley said. "There are a lot of possibilities. There are a lot more opportunities at the plant than enrichment." The Paducah plant could stay open beyond 2010 if energy demands increase and cannot be met by the Ohio operation, said Leon Owens, whose last day as the PACE local president was Monday. When the plant does close, environmental cleanup could keep workers busy for years, he said. He cited Oak Ridge, Tenn., where cleanup still continues years after the plant there closed. Several employees said they expected the new plant to be awarded to Ohio after Paducah's disadvantages — such as a standing building in Piketon and Paducah's location near an earthquake fault-line — were discussed publicly. Others cited the amount of research and money invested in the Piketon site. "There are just some things you can't do anything about," said maintenance procedure writer Ray Boren of Kevil, who has worked at the plant for 27 years. David Richards, a utilities operator and new operations committeeman for the plant nuclear workers' union, said the decision was announced early Monday morning in a meeting of senior plant managers and union leaders. It was then disseminated through supervisors to plant workers. Employees are disappointed in the decision and feel they could do the work as well as Piketon's employees, Boren said, but they know the closing is "a long ways away." "I can't see the plant changing production until the other process is proven and they have the pilot plant running," he said. Steve Nicol, Cascade frontline manager from Kevil, said he would be near retirement age by the time the Paducah plant is phased out, but he may seek a job in the plant's transition and cleanup. Some employees are considering returning to school for training in other fields, Logsdon said. Logsdon's banking his own future employment on the disposal of old storage cylinders used at the plant. He needs 15 more years of employment at USEC before he can retire, he said. After 16 years at the plant, Logsdon said he no longer lets talk of the plant closing worry him. "I used to let it bother me. Now I know there's just too much other important stuff to worry about," said Logsdon, whose wife, Deanne, received a liver transplant in 1999. "Whatever happens, I know the Lord is going to take care of me." ***************************************************************** 42 Paducah Sun: Local support, big incentives not enough to sway USEC - Paducah, Kentucky Tuesday, January 13, 2004 The Ohio site was selected because a suitable plant is already there and Paducah is affected by an earthquake fault. By Bill Bartleman bbartleman@paducahsun.com--270.575.8650 Associated Press Piketon choice announced: William 'Nick' Timbers, president and CEO of USEC Inc., smiles after announcing during a news conference Monday in Columbus, Ohio, that USEC’s new $1.5 billion facility will be located in Piketon. Ohio Gov. Bob Taft (background) was on hand for the announcement. The announcement was expected, but that didn't remove the sting from the words spoken by USEC Inc. President Nick Timbers. "I am here today to announce that USEC has chosen Piketon, Ohio, as the site of our American centrifuge commercial plant," Timbers said Monday at a news conference in Columbus, Ohio, with Ohio Gov. Bob Taft. Piketon was competing with Paducah for the $1.5 billion gas centrifuge plant that in 2010 will replace the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant. An existing building in Piketon and Paducah's location on the edge of an earthquake fault were too much for Kentucky to overcome, Timbers said. The decision was made by USEC managers who reviewed incentives and benefits of building in Ohio or Kentucky. "Both contained economic incentives underpinned by strong community support," Timbers said. "The efforts of both locations to secure this new enrichment facility were impressive. Either site would be a good home for our new commercial plant." Timbers said Piketon was picked based on economic incentives offered by each state and local communities, and a "determination as to which best addressed schedule, risk and cost." Regarding scheduling, he said deployment of the new technology will be at least a year earlier because of the presence of a centrifuge building constructed in Piketon 20 years ago by the U.S. Department of Energy. After operating for a short time, DOE abandoned the facility, saying that instead it wanted to pursue a different enrichment technology, known as AVLIS. The building, which Timbers described as the size of 20 football fields, also provided considerable cost savings, estimated earlier at $300 million. He said Paducah's proximity to the New Madrid Fault not only would have required increased construction costs, but would have increased risk factors if a major earthquake hit. Ohio officials put the value of the incentive package at $125 million. Kentucky officials would not reveal the value of their package, saying they had signed a confidentiality agreement with USEC. Economic Development Secretary Gene Strong said Kentucky's package had a higher value than the one submitted by Ohio. Construction of the plant will begin in 2006 and should be in full operation by 2010, employing 500. Timbers said he was confident the company would have the plant financing in place by 2006, although some financial analysts contend USEC will have a difficult time raising the money. "The company is doing quite well, and the stock hit a 52-week high at the end of the year," Timbers said when a reporter asked about financing. He said the key has been restructuring from a company operated by the government to one operated as a private corporation. The Department of Energy ran the enrichment operation until 10 years ago when it was turned over to USEC. "We've restructured the company so that the business model today works, is effective and has a sound foundation," Timbers said. "We'll be developing a financial package that will be prepared in time, based on a number of opportunities that we have here and abroad to ensure the financing is in place by the time the shovel needs to go into the ground in the 2006 time frame." He did not elaborate on the financing options. After the new plant opens, the 1,270-worker Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant will close. "Kentucky has been and will be an important part of USEC's business," Timbers said. "The existing Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant will continue to be the engine that drives USEC's business for the remainder of the decade." He said the Paducah plant has the ability to increase production above current levels as the demand for uranium fuel increases. He also said it "supports the security interests of our nation" by reducing dependence on foreign production of nuclear fuel. Since DOE abandoned the intended Piketon centrifuge plant 20 years ago, the method has been refined and now is considered an efficient and viable "second-generation" enrichment process, Timbers said. In centrifuge, uranium is enriched in tall, spinning cylinders, using one-third the electrical power required by the 60-year-old gaseous diffusion process used in Paducah. USEC said the Piketon plant will produce enough enriched uranium to fuel 30 power plants, each large enough to provide electricity to a city the size of Memphis, Tenn. ***************************************************************** 43 Paducah Sun: Paducah already has new-industry efforts - Joe Walker jwalker@paducahsun.com--270.575.8650 Tuesday, January 13, 2004 BARKLEY THIELEMAN/The Sun Bad news: McCracken County Paxton collect their thoughts before a news conference Monday announcing the loss of a new gas centrifuge uranium enrichment project to Piketon, Ohio. Community leaders have a big head start trying to offset the loss of the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, a 52-year-old monument to the Cold War, now that they know it will close starting in 2010. "How many communities lose a plant and have six or seven years to keep it and have the benefits of a work force here while they can go out and diversify and bring new industry in?" Mayor Bill Paxton asked. Counterparts in Oak Ridge, Tenn., and Piketon, Ohio, which lost diffusion plants earlier, say Paducah's biggest ally is time — something they had little of when they received word of shutdown. Through Department of Energy money, Tennessee and Ohio have replaced some of their lost uranium-enrichment jobs with a mix of plant cleanup work, business lured to industrial parks and abandoned enrichment buildings dotted with other employers. The Paducah Area Community Reuse Organization has used DOE money to construct ready-for-occupancy buildings in several county industrial parks, to develop the regional industrial park in north Graves County, and to help laid-off enrichment workers find jobs. But annual Energy Department funding of reuse organizations nationwide has been cut from $40 million to $14.5 million since 1999, and the Paducah group's share has sunk from $8 million to $300,000. Some in Congress want to do away with the program, said PACRO Director John Anderson, who is meeting with DOE officials this week trying to stop the bleeding. "We think if we can hold onto DOE funding, we'll be as well positioned as we can be to try to be of assistance," he said. "For the sake of this community, it appears that our delegation has to fight to prevent sunsetting the program." Anderson said PACRO and the nuclear workers' union have saved 335 jobs by helping plant workers find other employment. The $7,456 administrative cost of holding onto each of those jobs is among the lowest among reuse groups nationwide, he said. Aside from big financial questions, PACRO's ability to market plant assets depends on how fast they are cleaned up and whether they are safe enough for replacement industry. One near-term project — to create jobs by cleaning and recycling contaminated scrap nickel at the plant — depends on Energy Department willingness to lift a safety-related ban on recycling scrap metal. The six-year head start also gives the 1,270 plant employees ample time to look for other work in cleanup or elsewhere. The number who will actually need jobs in 2010 is uncertain, but nearly three-fourths would be eligible for full or partial retirement if they stay that long. Another huge question is whether USEC can actually pay for the $1.5 billion centrifuge plant. In September, and again Monday, the nuclear workers' union detailed a possible "perfect storm" of market events over the next two years that could force USEC to shut down the Paducah plant and abandon plans for gas centrifuge. The study said USEC keeps paying $45 million a year in dividends while saddled with $500 million in privatization debt, $36 million in annual interest, a "junk bond" credit rating and low profitability for at least two more years under older, cheaper uranium contracts. USEC calls the study misguided and a continuation of public relations that began during an extended strike at the plant that began a year ago. William "Nick" Timbers, company president and chief financial officer, expressed confidence Monday that USEC will have the money in place when gas centrifuge plant construction begins in two years. He would not elaborate on financing options. USEC faces heavy competition, and analysts disagree whether the market can support two new uranium enrichment plants. Louisiana Energy Services has sought regulatory approval to build a $1.2 billion gas centrifuge plant in New Mexico and signed contracts with several nuclear utilities to buy half the plant’s first 10 years of production. Led by Urenco, a European firm that has used gas centrifuge for decades, LES includes three of the nation’s largest nuclear power companies — Exelon, Entergy and Duke Energy. Exelon is USEC’s biggest customer and the largest nuclear utility in the United States. Fuel fabricator Westinghouse Corp. also is part of the consortium. The LES plant has heavy support from Sen. Pete Domenici, R-N.M., chairman of the powerful Senate Energy Committee. Late last year, he put language in a 1,100-page energy policy bill to greatly accelerate regulatory approval and require the Energy Department to accept LES waste. The bill failed for unrelated reasons, but is again being debated. Urenco also could win a federal trade case within a year, allowing it to export "any excess supply" of enriched uranium to the United States, said Phil Potter, Washington-based policy analyst for the nuclear workers' union. That would afford USEC stiff competition from both existing foreign enrichment and new domestic enrichment, he said. "Urenco is kind of a double-edged sword," Potter said. "There are still some threats to Paducah that the government, USEC and the union, for that matter, have to keep trying to address." The Tennessee Valley Authority will support efforts to offset losing the Paducah plant, said Mark Medford, executive vice president of customer service and marketing. From 1998 to 2002, TVA helped attract or retain 16,000 jobs and leverage in capital investments in 28 counties in Kentucky, he said. "Paducah has a fair amount of lead time between now and 2010, and we're intent to bring all those resources to bear to help." TVA officials met with USEC senior managers last fall at USEC headquarters in Bethesda, Md., to learn what the company needed in power cost savings, he said. "We worked with the state and USEC to make the best offer we could, not only for the gas centrifuge plant but also for the remainder of the gaseous diffusion plant operation." Medford declined to say how much TVA offered, but pointed out that Ohio's advantages — having existing gas centrifuge buildings and lacking Paducah's seismic hazards — amounted to "hundreds of millions" of dollars, too much to overcome. ***************************************************************** 44 Paducah Sun: Kentucky package strong was one of the largest offered by state Tuesday, January 13, 2004 By Bill Bartleman bbartleman@paducahsun.com--270.575.8650 Kentucky's incentive package to USEC Inc. was one of the largest the state has ever offered, according to Kentucky Economic Development Secretary Gene Strong. "It was a very strong, competitive package, but we had some hurdles to jump over that dictated the decision by USEC" to build the plant in Piketon, Ohio, Strong said. The two biggest hurdles: Ohio already had a building that would cost $300 million to duplicate here, and Paducah's earthquake-fault proximity meant higher construction costs. Strong would not reveal the value of Kentucky's package, saying former Gov. Paul Patton had signed a confidentiality agreement with USEC. Ohio officials released details of their package, saying it was valued at a minimum of $125 million. The package is being made public, although portions of it will require formal approval by public agencies. "Our package was more competitive than Ohio's," Strong said. "It was one of the highest packages I've ever seen." Strong has been Kentucky's economic development secretary for 10 years. One of the largest packages offered and accepted by a private company was $147 million offered to Toyota in 1986. Strong said that since Kentucky will not have to ask the legislature or any boards to approve any part of the USEC package, he feels it necessary to honor the confidentiality agreement. Paducah Mayor Bill Paxton said he was pleased at the package. "I feel extremely confident that the state gave a very competitive package," he said. "I'm familiar with it enough to know that for a state this size (and) for the number of jobs that it (was) going to entail ... it was a very aggressive proposal." McCracken County Judge-Executive Danny Orazine said "the word we got out of Frankfort was that it was almost excessive (because) it was such a good package." After USEC stops production in Paducah around 2010, several hundred workers will be required to maintain the plant. Others are expected to be offered jobs assisting in contamination cleanup. Strong expressed confidence that the region will rebound with new jobs. "The entire region is ripe for economic development," Strong said. "We'll redouble our efforts to help find new industry." Gov. Ernie Fletcher, who took office Dec. 9, said there was little he could do to entice USEC. "This is a decision that was essentially made under the previous administration," Fletcher said. "Kentucky made a competitive offer, but USEC ultimately decided Ohio was a better fit. Clearly, it is another example of how we must make Kentucky more competitive and attractive for those types of economic opportunities and job growth." U.S. Sen. Mitch McConnell and U.S. Rep. Ed Whitfield said they were disappointed but not surprised. McConnell said he would continue to seek cleanup funds and money to construct a plant to recycle depleted uranium. "The excellent work force at Paducah has served our country well for decades and I am confident they will continue their outstanding work as long as USEC operates the Paducah plant," McConnell said. Whitfield said the region will survive. "Paducah is a very progressive community that is moving ahead with the development of a major industrial park in Graves County to attract new business and industry," he said. U.S. Sen. Jim Bunning said Paducah "deserved to have this plant" because workers "dedicated their lives to the security of our nation by helping to build a strong weapons system." Ohio's incentive program was worth at least $125 million. Here's a breakdown of the incentives, followed by the value to USEC. State Incentives Job creation tax credit, $10.8 million. Manufacturing machinery sales tax exemption, $53.48 million. Research and development tax credit, to be determined. Research and development sales tax exemption, to be determined. Machinery and equipment tax credit, to be determined. Grants Business development, $5 million. Three small grants, $850,000. Infrastructure Assistance  Roadwork, $2 million. Water development, $5 million. Financing State financing assistance, $20 million. Ohio Air Quality Development bonds, to be determined. Work Force Development  Employee training, $2 million. Local Tax Incentive Ohio Enterprise Zone Program, $26 million. ***************************************************************** 45 Paducah Sun: Lost jobs could start being replaced this week - Tuesday, January 13, 2004 Civic leaders see an announcement by an employer as the first step toward what they are calling economic diversification. By Jimmy Nesbitt The Paducah Sun BARKLEY THIELEMAN/The Sun Chairman reacts: Ken Wheeler (center), chairman of the Greater Paducah Economic Development Council, addresses the media Monday with McCracken County Judge-Executive Danny Orazine (left) and Paducah Mayor Bill Paxton listening. City and county officials have a five-year plan to replace the 1,270 jobs lost when the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant closes in 2010, and expect to announce the first step this week with a commitment from a company that will eventually bring more than 100 jobs. Paducah Mayor Bill Paxton, who spoke Monday morning at a press conference at City Hall, said an announcement could come "in the next day or so," but he wouldn't provide details. Although he was disappointed with the announcement that USEC Inc. will locate its $1.5 billion plant in Piketon, Ohio, Paxton said the loss of the plant allows the community to diversify its economy. He hopes to lure industries to Paducah that have benefits and salaries that are competitive with the wages and benefits at the plant. Paxton and McCracken County Judge-Executive Danny Orazine received a call around 9 a.m. Monday from a USEC official who confirmed the company's decision. "I don't think that was really a surprise to anyone here in the community," Orazine said. "Even though we're disappointed, I'm still upbeat with what our future holds for us, because we're going to have at least until the end of this decade before this plant is closed." Orazine said he is counting on growth at the regional industrial park in northern Graves County, the Information Age Park and the industrial park on Olivet Church Road to offset the loss. "We've already started putting a lot more money in economic development," Orazine said. "These seeds are going to pay off. We're just going to have to work a lot harder." The loss of the plant to Piketon wasn't "because of our effort," Orazine said. "Ohio just beat us out." USEC officials have said Paducah's proximity to the New Madrid Fault coupled with the lack of an existing building for the plant, which Ohio has, put it at a disadvantage. "(When) you factor in the time that it would have taken to build a similar building here in Paducah, it was just entirely too much to overcome," Paxton said. Ken Wheeler, chairman of the Greater Paducah Economic Development Council, said at the press conference that Paducah "can compete with any community in the nation" for new industry. "We're going to tell you things this week that will emphasize that fact," he said. Residents around the plant also weren't surprised by the announcement. Marshall Bobo, 70, who lives about two miles northeast of the plant on Gibson Road, said he "figured it would happen.’’ "I hate to see the people there lose their jobs," he said. "I hate to see anyone lose his job." ***************************************************************** 46 Irish Examiner: De Rossa seeks tougher controls on nuclear waste [Irish MEP Pronsias de Rossa has called for tougher EU controls on nuclear waste.] 13/01/2004 - 8:18:32 AM Irish MEP Pronsias de Rossa has called for tougher EU controls on nuclear waste. Mr de Rossa also said it was unacceptable that countries like Ireland had no say in decisions about nuclear facilities in EU member states. The Labour Party MEP said such decisions had the potential to affect all European citizens. The European Parliament is examining two reports this week focusing on the management of nuclear fuel and radioactive waste. © Thomas Crosbie Media 2004. ***************************************************************** 47 Courier Journal: Paducah nuclear plant will close courier-journal.com/ Tuesday, January 13, 2004 Company to shift fuel operations to Ohio by 2010 By JAMES MALONE jmalone@courier-journal.com The Courier-Journal associated press McCracken County Judge-Executive Danny Orazine, left, and Paducah Mayor William Paxton spoke yesterday about the future of the plant. PADUCAH, Ky. The company operating the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant said yesterday that it will build a $1.5billion factory to produce nuclear reactor fuel in Piketon, Ohio, instead of Kentucky and eventually will close its uranium-processing operations in Paducah. United States Enrichment Corp. of Bethesda, Md., said the Paducah plant, with about 1,200 workers, will continue operating until about 2010, when the Ohio plant is expected to come online. With the new plant, USEC will separate uranium using new centrifuge processing technology spinning it in finely balanced cylinders rather than with giant compressors and filters used at Paducah. The change is expected to use far less electricity and produce less byproducts and waste. The new plant also will have fewer workers about 500. USEC spokeswoman Elizabeth Stuckle said Ohio had three clear advantages: a "significantly better" incentive package; existing buildings the company could use at Piketon; and a lower risk of earthquakes. Civic and government leaders in Paducah for weeks had steeled themselves for the announcement, which they described as disappointing but not surprising. But Jim Rodgers, 43, an electrician at the Paducah plant, said many of the workers "were taken aback" by the news, which he said leaves them to brace for the unknown. "I'll be cutting back on a few things," he said. USEC had announced in December 2002 that Piketon would be the site of a pilot plant for the new technology, a move that all but assured that it would get the full project, local leaders said. At a City Hall news conference, Paducah Mayor William F. Paxton said Kentucky aggressively courted the new plant but was never able to overcome what he called a "$300million disadvantage" caused by the Ohio plant's already having the specialized buildings in place. The government developed a centrifuge at the Piketon plant, the sister plant to Paducah, in the 1980s but later scrapped the project. "I have no second thoughts about the job that we did. It just wasn't meant to be," Paxton said of Kentucky's effort. Elaine Spalding, president of the Paducah Area Chamber of Commerce, said the city was fortunate to get a six-year heads-up on the closing. "Most places get 90 days' notice," she said. "I don't think you'll see an economic impact here for a long time." Donna Steele, who today leaves her post as vice president of Local 5-550 of the Paper, Energy, Chemical and Allied Industrial Workers Union that represents about 850 workers at the Paducah plant, said some workers had long believed the new plant would go to Ohio. "Everybody had been expecting it, so it's hard to say people were shocked," she said. But Rodgers said his future could mean going back to school to train for a new job. "I have two kids who will be in college in three years," Rodgers said. "We may be looking at going to a smaller home, and we may be looking at liquidating some things." The end of production at the Paducah plant will not affect another 500 workers in various environmental cleanup projects at the site. Ken Wheeler, chairman of the Greater Paducah Economic Development Council, a local development group, said that the government has pledged to build a plant within two to three years to process some of the uranium waste at the site, and that the new facility will employ about 150 people. Ohio officials valued their incentive package of grants, loans and tax breaks at $100million. Stuckle said that in addition to Ohio's incentives, constructing new buildings in Kentucky to withstand earthquakes would have delayed the project for a year and added to the cost. Kentucky officials maintained the earthquake threat in Paducah was overstated. USEC has said the proposed plant, in addition to employing about 500 people, will need an undetermined number of related consultants and contractors. About 300 construction jobs will be created when the plant is built. The Paducah plant pays wages of more than $20 an hour some of the highest in Western Kentucky. Steele said the chances of finding a similar paying job in the region "would be slim to nothing." Kentucky Economic Development Secretary Gene Strong said there would have been a "significant reduction" in employment even if Paducah had landed the new plant. Strong said Kentucky's offer was "very aggressive and competitive" but declined to reveal it. He added that the offer was based on "sound financial strengths and the ability to protect taxpayer dollars in the event the project didn't happen according to plan." Strong said he was notified at home Sunday night about USEC's decision. The existing buildings in Ohio and the earthquake concerns were "detrimental" to the tune of "hundreds of millions of dollars," he said. Stuckle said USEC will have to attract outside investors to finance the new plant. She said USEC will build the pilot plant and then demonstrate the technology to bring potential investors aboard. Kentucky officials were aware of USEC's financial needs, Strong said. "When you're giving away taxpayers' monies and you're in that sort of situation, I think taxpayers deserve to have a certain level of protection that a company will deliver what they say and if they don't deliver that then you have the ability to recover the portion the company did not demonstrate as proposed," Strong said. USEC has leased the 50-year-old Paducah plant from the Department of Energy since 1994, when the federal government privatized its uranium-production operations. The company went from quasi-government to private sector in 1998. Yesterday's announcement trumped one USEC made three years ago when it said that it would shift all of its uranium-enrichment production from Piketon to Paducah. The Ohio plant is still on standby, however. Larry Stovesand, owner of Paducah Ford, said that the USEC announcement was disappointing but that he's going ahead with plans for a dealership expansion. "It doesn't scare me," Stovesand said. "And in the next 10 years, a lot of things can change." In Ohio, the announcement was greeted with broad enthusiasm. "I think the future is a lot brighter," said Marvin Jones, executive director of the chamber of commerce in Chillicothe, where about one-fourth of the workers at the Piketon plant live. Jones said there had been rumors circulating in the last week that the plant would go to Piketon. Blaine Beekman, executive director of the Pike County (Ohio) Chamber of Commerce, said the decision means another generation of workers will have good-paying jobs. John E.L. Robertson, a local historian in Paducah, said overall, the gaseous diffusion plant has been good for the area, even with the health problems it brought for some workers. "Paducah was wilting and dying before it came," he said. "It turned the community around. This is a major hit to our economy." Copyright 2003 The Courier-Journal. ***************************************************************** 48 U.S. Newswire: DOE Dedicates New National Isotope Production Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory 1/12/04 12:11:00 PM To: National Desk, Energy Reporter Contact: Hope Williams, 202-586-5806, or Joe Davis, 202/586-4940, both of the U.S. Department of Energy WASHINGTON, Jan. 12 /U.S. Newswire/ -- Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham announced today the commissioning of the Nation's newest isotope production facility located at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) in New Mexico. When the $23 million state-of-the-art facility reaches full-scale operation later this spring, it will greatly enhance security of supply of short lived medical isotopes in the United States. "The short lived isotopes produced by this facility and other accelerators in the DOE complex provide vital isotopes required to diagnose, treat and research serious illnesses such as heart disease and cancer," Secretary Abraham said. "The radioisotopes produced by the new beam spur at the Los Alamos accelerator center will help assure the uninterrupted supply of these isotopes." LANL Laboratory Director Pete Nanos, joined facility sponsor William D. Magwood IV, chief of DOE's Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology, and Senator Jeff Bingaman in a ceremony today to dedicate the new facility. Speaking before 150 invited guests, Magwood applauded the Laboratory's success in completing the first dedicated isotope facility in more than twenty years and completing the more than 50,000 hours of construction on the facility without a single lost workday. The facility, built over the last five years, houses a new beam line and equipment needed to direct part of the 100 million electron volt proton beam from the existing LANSCE accelerator to a new target station designed exclusively for the production of isotopes. LANSCE delivered the first proton beam to the new facility at 11:34 p.m. on Dec. 23, 2004. The new facility will allow the production of more than 30 different types of isotopes in significant quantities and provides the flexibility to insert and retrieve targets while the LANSCE accelerator continues to operate in support of vital science and national security missions. Some of the key isotopes that will be produced by the facility include copper-67, arsenic-73, germanium-68 and strontium-82. These isotopes are important to the treatment of cancer and other illnesses because the isotope can be targeted directly to the cancer with minimal side effects and their short half-life assures that the isotope does not remain in vital organs such as the liver. Additionally, hospitals and research institutions across the nation use isotopes such as germanium-68, produced by this facility, every day to calibrate medical imagining equipment. Additional information on the Department of Energy's isotope program may be found on the nuclear energy web site at http://www.nuclear.gov. http://www.usnewswire.com/ ***************************************************************** 49 Paducah Sun: DOE UF6 conversion hearing tonight Tuesday, January 13, 2004;Paducah, Kentucky UF6 conversion hearing set by DOE Tonight's meeting will take comments on environmental impact statements for Paducah and Piketon, Ohio, plants. Staff Report The Department of Energy will hold a public hearing at 6 tonight to take comments on two draft environmental impact statements for plants to convert depleted uranium hexafluoride (UF6) at Paducah and Piketon, Ohio, into safer material. The meeting is set for the DOE Environmental Information Center, 115 Memorial Drive, off Blandville Road. Information: Walter Perry, 865-576-0885. Starting this spring, Uranium Disposition Services will build a factory at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant and a similar one in Piketon to convert 38,000 cylinders of UF6 into safer substances that might be used commercially. UF6 is mildly radioactive and emits toxic hydrogen fluoride when exposed to moisture in the air. The Paducah conversion plant is expected to generate $60 million in work, including 100-150 construction jobs over two years and 150 operational jobs for 20 to 25 years. UDS will help sell the hydrogen fluoride and look for oxide markets to help the Energy Department pay for part of the approximate $100 million construction costs of each of the plants. ***************************************************************** 50 Bush's Space Program: A Future Armada? Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 13:53:54 -0600 (CST) Institute for Public Accuracy 915 National Press Building, Washington, D.C. 20045 (202) 347-0020 * http://www.accuracy.org * ipa@accuracy.org ___________________________________________________ PM Tuesday, January 13, 2004 Bush's Space Program: A Future Armada? President Bush is expected to make a statement Wednesday regarding U.S. government plans for space. The following analysts are available for interviews: BRUCE GAGNON, globalnet@mindspring.com, http://www.space4peace.org, http://www.globenet.free-online.co.uk/articles/bush_plays_with_fire.htm Director of the Global Network Against Weapons and Nuclear Power in Space and author of the recent article "Bush Plays with Fire: Launching a Dangerous Space Policy," Gagnon said today: "The U.S. never signed the 1979 Moon Treaty that was created at the United Nations to prevent a rush of land claims and military bases on the moon.... Scientists have discovered valuable resources on the moon including helium 3, a fuel that is seen as a replacement for the dwindling supply of fossil fuels back here on Earth.... Within hours after Chinese taikonaut Yang Liwei ventured into space in 2003 .. Lt. Gen. Edward Anderson, deputy Commander of U.S. Northern Command, said that 'In my view it will not be long before space becomes a battleground.' Just as the Spanish Armada and British Navy were created to protect the interests and investments in the 'new world,' space is viewed today as open territory to be seized for eventual corporate profit." ALICE SLATER, aslater@gracelinks.org, http://www.gracelinks.org/nuke/starwars, http://www.accuracy.org/press_releases/PR041703.htm Director of the Global Resource Action Center for the Environment, Slater said today: "The plan to establish a 'beachhead' on the moon, taking the 'high ground' from which to dominate and control the military use of space, is clearly articulated in the documents of the U.S. Space Command. It will create a new arms race to the heavens. Russia and China, which have been thwarted by the U.S. during the past several years in their annual call at the United Nations for negotiations on a treaty to prevent the militarization of space, will not stand idly by...." KARL GROSSMAN, kgrossman@hamptons.com, http://www.fair.org/extra/writers/grossman.html Professor at the State University of New York, Grossman is author of the book "The Wrong Stuff: The Space Program's Nuclear Threat to Our Planet." He said today: "Accidents have happened in the U.S. space nuclear program -- including the 1964 disintegration of a plutonium-powered satellite spreading lethal plutonium widely on Earth. NASA's Project Prometheus will use nuclear-propelled rockets. More atomic-powered space devices will place us at great risk. Consider if Columbia had been nuclear-powered: there would be radioactive debris spread over Texas and Louisiana. Billions were wasted on nuclear-propelled rocket projects in the 1950s and '60s before they were cancelled because of the still-present danger of an atomic rocket crashing back to Earth.... Moreover, there have been great advances in safely powering and propelling spacecraft. Solar-electric propulsion and solar sails are now safely propelling spacecraft." MICHELLE CIARROCCA, ciarrm01@newschool.edu, http://www.worldpolicy.org/projects/arms/reports/axisofinfluence.html Ciarrocca is senior research associate at the World Policy Institute and co-author of the report "Axis Of Influence: Behind the Bush Administration's Missile Defense Revival." She said today: "The Bush administration's push to establish a permanent U.S. presence on the moon could be a first step in carrying out the goals outlined by Rumsfeld's Space Commission.... No fewer than eight Pentagon contractors were represented on the space commission, marking a serious and direct conflict of interest." For more information, contact at the Institute for Public Accuracy: Sam Husseini, (202) 347-0020; David Zupan, (541) 484-9167 _________________________________________________________________ You received this message as a subscriber on the list: public@lists.accuracy.org To be removed from the list, send any message to: public-unsubscribe@lists.accuracy.org For all list information and functions, including changing your subscription mode and options, visit the Web page: http://lists.accuracy.org/lists/info/public ***************************************************************** 51 Google News Alert - nuclear Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 19:23:31 -0800 GCU installs accelerator for nuclear physics research Daily Times, Pakistan ... for Advanced Studies in Physics (CASP) at Government College University (GCU) has installed a 100-Kilo Electron Volt (KEV) accelerator for research in nuclear ... DECONSTRUCTED: North Korea's Nuclear Programs Arms Control Today ... declared that he will only support an agreement with North Korea that contains measures to verify the complete and irreversible end of Pyongyang’s nuclear ... TIME for another nuclear accord Ha'aretz, Israel ... Minister Golda Meir and US President Richard Nixon reached an understanding under which the United States would stop pressuring Israel to sign the nuclear non ... US success with Libya exposes Pakistan's nuclear know-how Minneapolis Star Tribune (subscription), MN ... has created a new and potentially embarrassing problem: Pakistan -- a vital US ally in the war on terror -- appears to have been a main supplier of nuclear know ... ELMHURST College, Northwestern Memorial create joint nuclear ... Chicago Sun Times, IL Elmhurst College has signed a collaborative agreement with Northwestern Memorial Hospital to prepare students for a career in nuclear medicine technology. ... NUCLEAR pact marks milestone in US-India relations Straits Times, Singapore NEW DELHI - Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee yesterday said a ground-breaking nuclear and high-tech agreement with the United States marked a key ... US to Boost India Military, Nuclear Defense Contracts Moscow Times, Russia NEW YORK -- US President George W. Bush said the United States and India will expand cooperation on missile defense, civilian nuclear power, civilian space ... TOWARD a More Responsible Nuclear Nonproliferation Strategy Arms Control Today For nearly half a century, the United States has attempted to “delegitimize” the use of weapons of mass destruction, particularly nuclear weapons. ... AUSTRALIAN opposition to abandon nuclear waste dump in SA Radio Australia, Australia Australia's Opposition leader, Mark Latham has promised that a Labor Government will not build a nuclear waste dump in South Australia. ... ISRAELI arrested in Denver for shipping nuclear-related parts to ... Ha'aretz, Israel ... was arrested at Denver International Airport on January 2 on suspicions he illegally shipped high-tech equipment to Pakistan that could detonate nuclear weapons ... Israeli accused of sending nuclear parts to Pakistan - Jerusalem Post Bond set for man accused of sending nuclear-weapons parts to ... This once-a-day News Alert is brought to you by Google News (BETA)... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Remove this News Alert: http://www.google.com/newsalerts/remove?s=682e52ddd0720101 Create another News Alert: http://www.google.com/newsalerts Try Google News: http://news.google.com/ ***************************************************************** 52 EUpolitix: France clings to fusion dreams Paris is demanding that Europe go ahead with plans to build a nuclear fusion plant, even if it misses out on international funding. Cadarache in the south of France is currently Europe’s candidate to host the International Thermonuclear Energy Reactor, known as ITER, but has met with stiff competition from Japan. French prime minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin announced on Monday that the EU should be prepared to go it alone. “We have to have ITER, even if we do it ourselves”, Raffarin told journalists, adding that “This is the energy of the future, the wealth of the 21st century.” With the USA throwing its support behind Japan – a move which many believe to be a backlash for France’s opposition to the war in Iraq – Paris’s chance of winning ITER seem to be dwindling. Russia and China appeared to support France’s bid before Christmas, but Japan has launched a diplomatic offensive to win them over before a decision is taken next month. And having already failed to win the support of South Korea, France seems resigned to making plans on its own. “The Europeans could do it – possibly with Canada”, said Raffarin. “We won’t let go of this – we’re in a negotiation phase and we’re determined.” The commission on Tuesday said that building ITER alone was “scientifically and technically feasible” but cautioned that the €10 billion needed was “a significant amount of money”. Supporters of nuclear fusion say it provides an attractive long-term energy option, because the basic materials needed for its generation are in plentiful supply, and fusion reactors would not produce fissile materials that could be used in nuclear weapons. But opponents point out that decades of research into fusion have failed to produce results, and call instead for investment in renewable energy sources. A spokesman for environmental group Greenpeace called it “a boffin’s dream,” adding, “ITER has been a glint in scientists’ eyes for 50 years – it won’t deliver anything for another 50 at least”. Published: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 11:34:23 GMT+01 Emily Smith “We won’t let go of this – we’re in a negotiation phase and we’re determined.” Jean-Pierre Raffarin ©2004 EUpolitix.com About EUpolitix | About the Forum | Contact | ***************************************************************** 53 Xinhuanet: Politics threatens to dominate nuclear fusion debate www.xinhuanet.com www.chinaview.cn 2004-01-13 14:34:04 PARIS, Jan. 13 (Xinhuanet) -- French Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin said Monday that Europe could construct an experimental nuclear fusion reactor on its own if pushed to do so. Raffarin was speaking in reaction to a comment from US Energy Secretary Spencer Abrahams that the US favors a Japanese site for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) which France also wants to host. "We have to have ITER even if we have to do it ourselves," a determined Raffarin told journalists. "The Europeans could do it, possibly with Canada. We won't let go of this." Raffarin's remarks immediately sent shockwaves across the worldsince France has been competing with Japan for the construction site of the multi-billion dollar project and this is the first time France has voiced its resolve to host ITER so directly. The project in question is the world's largest-yet nuclear fusion power plant whose technology is touted as a solution to global energy problems. Once finished in 2050, ITER will generate clean, safe and inexhaustible electricity. There are two bidding sites for the project. One is Rokkasho-mura, a remote fishing village in northern Japan. The other is theFrench southeastern town of Cadarache. ITER's participants -- the EU, the United States, China, Russia,Japan, South Korea and Canada -- are divided into two groups. The United States and South Korea back Rokkasho-mura. France is busy enlisting Russian and Chinese support for its Cadarache site. Both countries have spared no effort in highlighting the advantages of their respective sites but what started out as a purely technical issue as to ITER's location has taken a distinctly political turn with the United States stepping forward and publicly airing its backing for Japan. On Jan. 9, Abraham openly expressed US support for Japan to host the ITER, claiming Rokkasho-mura provides a superior site forthe project. This was the first time the United States has publicly revealedits preference for the Japanese site and has thrust previously hidden competition firmly into the spotlight. Observers believe the outright US opposition to France's bid indicates Washington's retaliation for France's condemnation of the US invasion of Iraq. In response, EU Research Commissioner Philippe Busquin has rebuked the US, terming Abraham's remarks "inappropriate and inopportune" coming at a time when evaluation of the bidding sitesis still going on. Raffarin's remarks Monday raised the stakes. With the EU as itssteadfast supporter, France -- a forerunner in nuclear technology -- showed it is prepared to fight its corner with the US. The French premier left leeway for France, however, saying theyare still ready to cooperate with the United States on the project. ITER's partners failed to choose between the two sites at a meeting in Washington on Dec. 20, and will gather again next monthto try to resolve the issue. Nuclear fusion is a process in which a massive amount of energyis produced when atomic particles fuse together. It is the opposite of nuclear fission used in existing nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. If successful, ITER will be the world's first commercially viable fusion reactor and could herald a world energy revolution. Copyright ©2003 Xinhua News Agency. All rights reserved. ***************************************************************** 54 War Wire: Europe could go it alone on ITER energy project: Raffarin WAR.WIRE PARIS (AFP) Jan 13, 2004 Europe could go it alone on the ITER experimental nuclear fusion reactor project but its hand remains extended to the United States, French Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin said. The multi-billion-dollar International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project will be located either in the French southeastern town of Cadarache, chosen as the European Union's bid, or the northern Japanese village of Rokkasho-mura. Last week US Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham said, during a visit to Tokyo, that Japan offers "the superior site" for the project. ITER aims to be a test bed for what is billed as the clean, safe, inexhaustible energy source of the future, emulating the sun's nuclear fusion. The project, however, is not expected to generate electricity before 2050. Among the project's backers, the EU has won support from China and Russia to site ITER at Cadarache. Japan has the backing of South Korea and now the United States. The six partners tried to choose the winning bid at a meeting in Washington on December 20, but failed to decide. A fresh meeting has been called for next month to review the results of the current evaluation study. "The Europeans could do it ourselves, perhaps with Canada," Raffarin told reporters here Monday. "We are talking, the door is always open to the United States (but) there is a real determination," he added. WAR.WIRE ***************************************************************** 55 AFP: Europe could keep ITER, warns France PARIS, Jan 13 (AFP) - Europe could go it alone on the ITER experimental nuclear fusion reactor project but its hand remains extended to the United States, French Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin said. The multi-billion-dollar International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project will be located either in the French southeastern town of Cadarache, chosen as the European Union's bid, or the northern Japanese village of Rokkasho-mura. Last week US Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham said, during a visit to Tokyo, that Japan offers "the superior site" for the project. ITER aims to be a test bed for what is billed as the clean, safe, inexhaustible energy source of the future, emulating the sun's nuclear fusion. The project, however, is not expected to generate electricity before 2050. Among the project's backers, the EU has won support from China and Russia to site ITER at Cadarache. Japan has the backing of South Korea and now the United States. The six partners tried to choose the winning bid at a meeting in Washington on December 20, but failed to decide. A fresh meeting has been called for next month to review the results of the current evaluation study. "The Europeans could do it ourselves, perhaps with Canada," Raffarin told reporters here Monday. "We are talking, the door is always open to the United States (but) there is a real determination," he added. © AFP © copyright 2003 Expatica Communications BV Expatica, Expatica.com ***************************************************************** NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. 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